ADTRAN T1 ESF CSU ACE manuale d’uso

T1 ESF CSU ACE User Manual 1204025L 1 T1 ESF CSU AC E 61204025L 1-1B September 2004[...]

2 © 2004 ADTRAN, Inc. 61204025L1-1B T rademarks Any brand n ames and prod uct names i ncluded in this manual ar e trademarks , registe red trademar ks, or trade nam es of the ir re spe ct ive hold ers . T o the Holder of t he Manual The conte nts of thi s manual ar e current as of the dat e of publi cation. ADTRAN r eserves the r ight to c hange t[...]

61204025L1-1B © 2004 ADTRAN, Inc. 3 Safety Ins tructions When using y our telep hone equipme nt, please follow th ese basic safety prec autions t o reduce t he risk o f fire, elec tric al s ho ck , or pe rso n al in jur y: 1. Do not use this prod uct near wate r , su ch as a bathtu b, wash bowl, ki tchen si nk, laundry tub , in a wet baseme nt, or[...]

4 © 2004 ADTRAN, Inc. 61204025L1-1B Affidavit Requirement s for C onnection t o Digit a l Services • An affid avit is r equired to b e given to the tele phone company wh enever dig ital te rminal equi pment without encoded anal og conten t and bill ing prot ection is used to tra nsmit digi tal sign als conta ining encoded ana log content wh ic h[...]

61204025L1-1B © 2004 ADTRAN, Inc. 5 Affidavit for Connection of Cu st omer Premises Equipment to 1.54 4 Mbp s and/or S ubrate Digit al Se rvices For the w or k to be perfor med in the ce rtified te rr it ory of ___ ___ _______ ___ ___ (tel co name ) S tate of ______ ______ ____ County o f ______ _______ ___ I, ________ ____ ______ ___ __ (name ), [...]

6 © 2004 ADTRAN, Inc. 61204025L1-1B FCC regulat ions req uire that t he following i nformation be provided i n this manual : 1. This equi pment compli es with Part 68 of FCC rule s and require ments adopt ed by ACT A. On the equipment housing is a label that contai ns, among o ther informat ion, a pro duct ident ifier in t he format US: AAAEQ##TXX[...]

61204025L1-1B © 2004 ADTRAN, Inc. 7 Federal Communications Co mmissi on Radio Frequency In terferenc e St atement This equi pment has be en tested an d found to c omply with t he limits for a Class A di gital d evice, pursuan t to Part 15 of the FCC Ru les. These limits are d esigned to provide reas onable pr otection aga inst har mful interf eren[...]

8 © 2004 ADTRAN, Inc. 61204025L1-1B Industry Canada Comp liance Information Notice: The Indust ry Canada l abel applied to the pr oduct (id entified by t he Indust ry Canada l ogo or the “IC:” i n front of the cert ificat ion/regist ration n umber) sign ifies t hat the I ndustry Can ada techni cal speci fic atio n s we re me t. Noti ce: Th e R[...]

61204025L1-1B © 2004 ADTRAN, Inc. 9 W a rranty and Customer Service ADTRAN will re pair and r eturn th is product within 5 years fr om the date of shipment i f it doe s not meet i ts publ ishe d spe cif icat ions or fa ils whil e in servi ce. For d eta iled w arr anty , repai r , and retu rn infor matio n r efer to the ADTRAN Equ ipment W a rranty[...]

10 © 2004 ADTRAN, Inc. 61204025L1-1B Customer Service, Product S upport Information, and T raining ADTRAN will rep air and retu rn this p roduct if wit hin 5 year s from the dat e of shipme nt the pro duct does not mee t its pub lished sp ecificati on or the p roduct fa ils while in servi ce. A retu rn ma teri al auth or izat ion (R MA) is requ ir[...]

61204025L1-1B © 2004 ADTRAN, Inc. 11 have your unit ser ial number ava ilable when you call. Inst allation and Maintenance Support The ADTRAN Custom Ext ended Servic es (ACES) progr am of fer s multipl e type s and l evels of in stall ation and maint enance ser vices whic h allow you to c hoose the k ind of ass istance you n eed. This su pport is [...]

12 © 2004 ADTRAN, Inc. 61204025L1-1B[...]

61204025L1-1C © 2004 ADTRAN, Inc. 13 T able of Contents Chapter 1 Introduction .......................................................................................................... .1 9 T1/FT1 Overview ...................................................................................................................19 T1 Service Offerings ...[...]

14 © 2004 ADTRAN, Inc. 61204025L1-1C Table of Con tents T1 ESF C SU ACE Us er Manual Selecting a Main Menu Item .......................................................................................34 Selecting a Submenu Item ..........................................................................................35 Setting/Cancelling the Data F[...]

61204025L1-1B © 2004 ADTRAN, Inc. 15 List of Figures Figure 1-1. T1 ESF CSU ACE Application .............................................................................. 20 Figure 1-2. T1 ESF CSU ACE Front View ............................................................................... 20 Figure 1-3. T1 ESF CSU Rear View .....................[...]

16 © 2004 ADTRAN, Inc. 61204025L1-1B List of F igures T1 ESF C SU ACE Us er Manual[...]

61204025L1-1B © 2004 ADTRAN, Inc. 17 List of T ables Table A-1. RJ-48C Connector Pin Assignments ......................................................................... 51 Table A-2. EIA- 232 Connector Pin Assignments ....................................................................... 51[...]

18 © 2004 ADTRAN, Inc. 61204025L1-1B List of Tab les T1 ESF C SU ACE Us er Manual[...]

61204025L1-1B © 2004 ADTRAN, Inc 19 Chapter 1 Introduction T1/FT1 OVERVI EW T1 digit al communica tion links ha ve been use d by telco s for the tr ansmission of voice s ince the ear ly sixtie s. The D4 chan nel bank is an example of a T1 digita l carri er system that was intr oduced in the mi d- seventi es and is st il l wide ly used by the tel c[...]

Chapter 1 . Introduc tion T1 ESF C SU ACE Us er Manual 20 © 2004 ADTRAN, Inc 61204025L1-1B Figure 1-1. T1 ESF CSU ACE Application The T1 ESF CSU ACE provides s urge protect ion, signal r egenerat ion, alarms, and loopbac ks necess ary for circui t operat ion and fau lt isol ation. The u nit provi des the s imultaneous us e of perf ormance repo rt [...]

T1 ESF CSU A CE Use r Manual Chap ter 1. Intr oductio n 61204025L1-1B © 2004 ADTRAN, Inc 21 Figure 1-3. T1 ESF CSU Rear View Figure 1 -4. Jack Signal Direction s Features The foll owing feat ures give the T1 ESF CSU ACE many a dvantages over other pr oducts of its kind : • Smallest T1 ESF CSU ACE in the in dustry. • Front pan el inter face eli[...]

Chapter 1 . Introduc tion T1 ESF C SU ACE Us er Manual 22 © 2004 ADTRAN, Inc 61204025L1-1B Interfac e Features NI (Label ed NET) The networ k interf ace (NI) p ort compli es with th e applica ble ANSI and A T&T standar ds. Its f eatures include the foll owing: • D4 or ESF framing • AMI or B8ZS codi ng • Configur able LBO • Network pe r[...]

T1 ESF CSU A CE Use r Manual Chap ter 1. Intr oductio n 61204025L1-1B © 2004 ADTRAN, Inc 23 FOUR METHODS OF CONTROL Front Panel The front panel pr ovides complet e and easy c ontrol of all items t hat can be configur ed through menu-g uided options. The front panel LCD displays the st atus of operatio n and performanc e reports for the unit. Chap [...]

Chapter 1 . Introduc tion T1 ESF C SU ACE Us er Manual 24 © 2004 ADTRAN, Inc 61204025L1-1B T1 ESF CSU ACE T ESTING The T 1 ESF C S U AC E offers thr ee for ms of test in g: •S e l f t e s t • Loopback t ests • Pat tern g ene ra tio n Self Test The self test che cks the i ntegrit y of the elec tronic co mponents’ i nternal operatio n by per[...]

T1 ESF CSU A CE Use r Manual Chap ter 1. Intr oductio n 61204025L1-1B © 2004 ADTRAN, Inc 25 Loopback T e sts A number of diff erent l oopbacks ca n be invoked locally fr om the front panel, by T - W atch co mmands, or remotel y by using speci al inban d codes (A T&T network loop- up and loop -down codes) . Additionall y , the loopback s can be[...]

Chapter 1 . Introduc tion T1 ESF C SU ACE Us er Manual 26 © 2004 ADTRAN, Inc 61204025L1-1B Pattern Generation The T 1 ESF C SU A CE o ffers th ree te st p atte rns : A ll On es, A ll Z er os, and 1 :8. T hes e patt ern s ca n b e initi ated from the front panel, through th e EIA-232 con trol por t, or remotely via a manage ment software like T -W [...]

T1 ESF CSU A CE Use r Manual Chap ter 1. Intr oductio n 61204025L1-1B © 2004 ADTRAN, Inc 27 Figure 1-7. General Data Application[...]

Chapter 1 . Introduc tion T1 ESF C SU ACE Us er Manual 28 © 2004 ADTRAN, Inc 61204025L1-1B Figure 1-8. Ge neral Voic e Application Figure 1-9. Channel Bank Application DSX-1 DSX-1[...]

61204025L1-1B © 2004 ADTRAN, Inc 29 Chapter 2 Inst allation UNP ACK AND INSPECT Careful ly inspect t he T1 ESF CSU ACE for any shippi ng damages. If da mage is sus pected, fi le a claim immedia tely with th e carrie r and then contact ADTRAN T echnical Suppo rt. If possi ble, keep t he origi nal shippin g containe r to ship the T1 ESF CSU ACE back[...]

Chapter 2 . Installa tion T1 ESF C SU ACE Us er Manual 30 © 2004 ADTRAN, Inc 61204025L1-1B WIRING The connec tors are describe d in this sec tion. RJ-48C Connectors T wo RJ-48C c onnectors are located on the back end of the T1 ESF CSU ACE. The NET connector connects the unit to the ne twork. The con nector mar ked CPE connect s the uni t to the d [...]

T1 ESF CSU ACE User Manual Chapter 2. Installatio n 61204025L1-1B © 2004 ADTRAN, Inc 31 POWER-UP T ESTING AND INITIALIZATION When shippe d f rom t he f ac tor y , t he T1 ESF CSU ACE i s s et to factory def aul t c onditions . When power i s appli ed, t he u nit a u toma tica lly execu tes self test , foll owed by an ini tial izat io n se quen ce [...]

Chapter 2 . Installa tion T1 ESF C SU ACE Us er Manual 32 © 2004 ADTRAN, Inc 61204025L1-1B[...]

61204025L1-1B © 2004 ADTRAN, Inc 33 Chapter 3 Operation The T1 ES F CSU ACE can be config ured and con trolled via the l ocal front p anel, the EIA-232 cont rol port, or T - W atch. Th is chapte r descri bes configur ation fr om the front pa nel. FRONT PANEL OPERATION The T1 ESF CSU ACE front pane l op erating f unc ti ons are shown in Fi gur e 3-[...]

Chapter 3 . Operation T1 ESF C SU ACE Us er Manual 34 © 2004 ADTRAN, Inc 61204025L1-1B GENERAL FRONT PANEL MENU OPERATION The T1 ESF CSU ACE use s a multil evel menu st ructure con taining b oth menu item s and data fields. All menu opera tions and d ata are d isplayed in t he LCD window . The menu items ar e numbered a nd can be viewed by u sing [...]

T1 ES F CSU AC E User Manua l Chap ter 3. Oper ation 61204025L1-1B © 2004 ADTRAN, Inc 35 Selecting a Submenu Item T o sel ect t he d e sire d su b menu item (sim ila r to se lect ing a M ai n menu item ), fo llo w the se ste ps: 1. Use the up and dow n scroll k eys to p lace the c ursor on the des ired me nu item , in th is ex am ple 1)NETW ORK (N[...]

Chapter 3 . Operation T1 ESF C SU ACE Us er Manual 36 © 2004 ADTRAN, Inc 61204025L1-1B Vi ew Display Onl y Dat a Fields Select the foll owing menu choi ce to vie w an example o f a displ ay-only data field: 1. Select 1 )ST A T US from the Main m enu. 2. Select s ubmen u 2)NI ERR/ ALM. 3. LOSS O F SIG NAL INA CTIVE/A CTIVE di spla ys, giving the cu[...]

T1 ES F CSU AC E User Manua l Chap ter 3. Oper ation 61204025L1-1B © 2004 ADTRAN, Inc 37 *T1 ERR/ALM has same menu sub-branches as NI ER R/ALM. **T1 HIST OR Y has same a s NI HIS TOR Y . Figure 3-7. T1 ESF CSU ACE Menu Tree 1)NI PERF RPTS RESET PERF CNTRS SES LOSS OF SIGNAL ES AIS ALA RM %A V 2)NI ERR/ALM OUT OF FRAME CLEAR HISTORY %EF YELLOW ALAR[...]

Chapter 3 . Operation T1 ESF C SU ACE Us er Manual 38 © 2004 ADTRAN, Inc 61204025L1-1B Figure 3-8. Four Opening Menus and First Le vel Submenus Menu fl ow is normal ly depicted f rom left to right . Arrows on th e lower ri ght of the sc reen indi cate the direct ion of scr olling to vi ew additiona l menu items . At every l evel of the men u, pres[...]

T1 ES F CSU AC E User Manua l Chap ter 3. Oper ation 61204025L1-1B © 2004 ADTRAN, Inc 39 Figure 3-9. Status Menu Tre e RESET PERF CNTRS LOSS OF SIGNAL SES AIS ALAR M 1)NI PERF RPTS ES OUT OF FRAME %AV YELLOW ALA RM %EF RED ALA R M CVs CODE VI OL ATIONS BIPOLA R VIOLA TIONS 2)NI ERR/ALM FRAME BIT ERRORS 1)STATUS 3)NI HISTORY CLEAR HISTORY LOSS OF S[...]

Chapter 3 . Operation T1 ESF C SU ACE Us er Manual 40 © 2004 ADTRAN, Inc 61204025L1-1B 1)NI PERF RPTS , Subm enu of 1 )ST A TUS The Netw ork Interfa ce Perfor mance Report s menu item di splays t he user copy of the performa nce data. The T1 ESF CSU ACE ma intains th is perfo rmance dat a on the n etwork in compliance wit h ANSI T1.403 and A T&[...]

T1 ES F CSU AC E User Manua l Chap ter 3. Oper ation 61204025L1-1B © 2004 ADTRAN, Inc 41 2)NI ERR/ALM , S ubmenu of 1 )ST A T US The NI ERR/ ALM menu is used fo r view ing curr ently ac tive/in active e rrors and alarms on the network inter face . Figure 3 -12. Fi rst Curren t NI Er rors/Alar ms Scre en The up and d own scro ll keys are u sed to a[...]

Chapter 3 . Operation T1 ESF C SU ACE Us er Manual 42 © 2004 ADTRAN, Inc 61204025L1-1B 5)TI HISTOR Y , Submenu of 1) ST A TUS The T1 HIST OR Y screens are the same as the NI HIST OR Y sc reens excep t that they co rrespond to the term inal in ter face . 2)CONFIG Use the Con figuration menu to s et the T1 ESF CS U ACE operatio nal configur ation, i[...]

T1 ES F CSU AC E User Manua l Chap ter 3. Oper ation 61204025L1-1B © 2004 ADTRAN, Inc 43 Continue with stand ard operati ng procedur es to edi t the Network I nterface pa rameters. The fiel ds and par ameters av ailable are as foll ows: 1)FORMA T Sets the frame for mat for the NI. The factory defa ult is ESF . D4 ESF 2)CODE Sets the line cod e for[...]

Chapter 3 . Operation T1 ESF C SU ACE Us er Manual 44 © 2004 ADTRAN, Inc 61204025L1-1B 6)BIT STUFFING When enable d, bit st uffi ng causes the T1 ESF CSU ACE to mo nitor for on es (1s) de nsity viola tions and inse rt s a one (1) whe n needed to main ta in ones at 12.5 per ce nt. This opt i on should be di sabled if B8ZS is ena bled. The fa ctory [...]

T1 ES F CSU AC E User Manua l Chap ter 3. Oper ation 61204025L1-1B © 2004 ADTRAN, Inc 45 2)UNIT , Subm enu of 2 )CONFIG This menu i s used to c hange cont rol port and a larm trap opt ions. See Fi gure 3-16. Figure 3-16. First 2)UNIT Submenu SCreen 1)CONTROL PORT 8VHGWRVHWXS WKHX QLWWRLQLWLDOL]HDPRGHP DQGWK HFRQ[...]

Chapter 3 . Operation T1 ESF C SU ACE Us er Manual 46 © 2004 ADTRAN, Inc 61204025L1-1B 3)TEL NUM - This i s t he tel ep hone number dial ed f or a la rm t rap s t ra nsmis sion. The st ri ng can be up to 20 c ha racter s in le ngth and is t ermin ate d wi th a sem icolo n ( ;). A col on (:) i s use d t o rep res ent a pau se in th e di al st rin g[...]

T1 ES F CSU AC E User Manua l Chap ter 3. Oper ation 61204025L1-1B © 2004 ADTRAN, Inc 47 Figure 3-17. Utility Menu Tree 1)SOFTW ARE R EV , Submenu of 3)UTIL Use th is s u bm en u to d ispl ay t he cur ren t s oft ware r evi sio n l eve l. Th is info rm a tion is re q uire d wh en request ing assist ance from ADTRAN Cust omer Service or when update[...]

Chapter 3 . Operation T1 ESF C SU ACE Us er Manual 48 © 2004 ADTRAN, Inc 61204025L1-1B 6)REMOTE T -W A TCH , Submen u of 3)UTIL T o commun icate with a far -end unit via the FDL ( i.e., fro m a proxy such as T -W atch), identify th e remote un it as a st andalone or r ackmount. Use this opt ion to sel ect the remot e unit type, I D, and slot numbe[...]

T1 ES F CSU AC E User Manua l Chap ter 3. Oper ation 61204025L1-1B © 2004 ADTRAN, Inc 49 T ests a re used t o control the activat ion of lo opbacks, the initia tion of da ta test patterns , and self te st execu tion. 1)LOCAL LOOPBK , Submenu of 4)TEST Four choi ces are a vailable for sett ing the l ocal loop back: NO LOOPBACK Deactiva tes the l oo[...]

Chapter 3 . Operation T1 ESF C SU ACE Us er Manual 50 © 2004 ADTRAN, Inc 61204025L1-1B 3)TEST P A TTERN , Submenu of 4)TEST Sets the pattern for the t est and i nitiates t he trans mission of the patt ern. The tes t is ter minated by select ing NO P A TTERN . There are f our patter ns availa ble: NO P A TTERN T erminates pattern generati on. ALL Z[...]

61204025L1-1B © 2004 ADTRAN, Inc 51 Appendix A Pinouts Table A-1. RJ-48C Connector Pin Assignments Table A-2. EIA-232 Connector Pin Assignments Pin Des cription NET CPE 1 R1 Rec eive da ta (from network to C SU) Transmit data (from CSU to DTE) 2 T1 Receiv e data (from network to C SU) Transmit data (from CSU to DTE) 3 -- Not used Not u sed 4 R Tra[...]

Appendix A. Pino uts T1 ESF C SU ACE Us er Manual 52 © 2004 ADTRAN, Inc 61204025L1-1B[...]

61204025L1-1B © 2004 ADTRAN, Inc 53 Appendix B S pecification Summary SP ECIFICATIONS AND FEATURES Specifi cations and features of the T1 ESF CSU ACE are provided in this chapt er . Network Inte rface DSI inter face per A T&T 6241 1 and ANSI T1.403 Network F raming Format D4 (SF) or ESF Network L ine Code AMI or B8ZS Network T X LBO Configur a[...]

Appendix B. S pecific ation Sum mary T1 ESF C SU ACE User Ma nual 54 © 2004 ADTRAN, Inc 61204025L1-1B Environment T emperat ure: Oper atin g 0 to 50 d eg C (32 to 12 2 deg F) St orage -20 to 70 deg C (-4 to 1 58 deg F) Relativ e humidity: Up t o 95%, nonconde nsing Hardware Sp ecificat ions • Dimensions : 1.75” H x 6.25”D x 9.25”W • Weig[...]

61204025L1-1C © 2004 ADTRAN, Inc 55 Appendix C Acronyms/Abbreviations ACK acknowled gment ANSI American Na tional S tanda rds Insti tute AR acces s ra te ARP address resoluti on protoc ol async async hronous BECN backward e xplicit congesti on notifi cation BOP bit orient ed pro toc ol CCITT Consulti ve Committee for Inte rnationa l T elepho ny an[...]

Appendix C. Ac ronyms/A bbrevia tions T1 ESF C SU ACE User Ma nual 56 © 2004 ADTRAN, Inc 61204025L1-1C FR fram e rel ay FRAD frame relay ac cess devic e FRF frame relay fo rum FSU frame relay se rvice uni t HDLC high-sp eed data l ink control IP intern et protocol ISDN integrate d servic es digita l network ITU Intern ational T elecommunicat ions [...]

T1 ESF CS U ACE Use r Man ual Appendix C. Acronym s/Abbre viations 61204025L1-1C © 2004 ADTRAN, Inc 57 SNA syste ms net work arch ite ctu re SNMP simple networ k management p rotocol SNRM set nor mal respons e mode SR data s et re a dy SVC swit ched virt ual circuit SW56 switched 56 sync synchronous TD trans mit d ata TR data te rminal ready Tx tr[...]

Appendix C. Ac ronyms/A bbrevia tions T1 ESF C SU ACE User Ma nual 58 © 2004 ADTRAN, Inc 61204025L1-1C[...]

61204025L1-1B © 2004 ADTRAN, Inc 59 Appendix D Glossary 4-wire Switc hed 5 6 An A T&T proprietary 56 /6 4 kb ps swi tc hed di git al data s ervi ce of fered by t elco ser vice provider s and deliver ed to users over 4 copper wires. Compatible with th e T1 ESF CSU ACE 4-wire Switch ed 56 DBU opti on. ANSI American Natio nal Sta ndards Institute[...]

Appen dix D. Glos sary T1 ES F CSU ACE 60 © 2004 ADTRAN, Inc 61204025L1-1B CRC cyclic r edunda ncy check . A computational means to ensure the accuracy of frames transmitted between devices in a frame relay network. The mathematical function is co mputed, before the frame is transmitted, at the origi- nating d evice. Its n umerical value is co mpu[...]

T1 ESF CS U ACE Appendix D. Glos sary 61204025L1-1B © 2004 ADTRAN, Inc 61 DTE data ter minal equipm ent. The end-u ser terminal or computer that plugs into the termi nat ion poi n t (DCE) of a communications circuit. The main dif ference between the DCE and the DTE is that pins two and three are reversed. encapsulation A process by which an interf[...]

Appen dix D. Glos sary T1 ES F CSU ACE 62 © 2004 ADTRAN, Inc 61204025L1-1B HDLC high level data link contr ol . A gener ic link-le vel communi cations pro toc ol developed by the Intern ational O rg a- niza tio n f or Stan dard iza tion ( ISO ) . HD LC ma nage s syn chro nou s co de -tr ansp aren t, se ria l i nfo r ma t i on tr ansf er over a lin[...]

T1 ESF CS U ACE Appendix D. Glos sary 61204025L1-1B © 2004 ADTRAN, Inc 63 ping An internet prot ocol standard that provid es loopb ack on demand for any device in an IP netw ork. One device “pings” ano ther by send ing a loopback r equest to th e device's IP addres s. point-to-p oint T ype of com munications link that co nnects a singl e [...]

Appen dix D. Glos sary T1 ES F CSU ACE 64 © 2004 ADTRAN, Inc 61204025L1-1B SDLC synchr onous data link contr ol . A link-level communi cati ons protoco l us ed in an internat ional busin ess machines (IBM) s ystems Network Architecture (SNA) ne twork tha t m ana ges s ync hr onous, c ode- tra nsp aren t, serial i nformation trans fer over a li nk [...]

61204025L1-1B © 2004 ADTRAN, Inc. 65 Index Numerics 1 in 8 pattern 26 A ACCESS TYPE (REMOTE UNIT) 48 ADDRESS 47 ADTRAN PC program 23 ALARMS 45 all ones pattern 26 all zeroes pattern 26 applications 26 arrows, men us 34 ASCII terminal 23 B BIT STUF F ING 44 C channel ba nk application 28 CODE 43 , 46 CONF IG 42 Config uration menu 42 connectors EIA[...]

Index T1 ESF C SU ACE User Manual 66 © 2004 ADTRAN, Inc. 61204025L1-1B setting/cancelling data f ield 35 Status 38 struct ure 36 Test 48 tools 34 Utility 46 methods of control 23 MODEM INIT 45 N NET LB 44 NETWORK (NI) 42 network interface p ort 22 network l oopbacks 25 NI ERR/ALM 41 NI HISTORY 41 NI PERF RPT 40 O Operation 33 operation via f ro nt[...]