Hughes dw6000 Bedienungsanleitung

1034405- 0001 Re vision A October 8, 2003 User Guide D W6000 High-Spe ed Internet Modem (International V er sion)[...]

Copyrigh t © 2003 Hughes Network Systems, Inc., a wholly owne d subsidiary of Hugh es Electr onics Corpora tion All rights re served. This publication and its contents are propr ietar y to Hughes Network Systems, Inc., a wholly o wned subsidiar y of Hughes Electronics Cor poration. No par t of this publication may be reproduced in any form or by a[...]

iii Declara tion of Conformity Standards to which Conformity is declared: F CC Part 15 This device complies wi th par t 15 of the FCC Rules. Operat ion is subject to the fol lowing two conditions: (1) this device ma y not cause har mful interference , and (2) this device must accept any interf erence rec eiv ed, including interf erence that ma y c [...]

iv If trouble is experienced with the T wo-W ay DIRECW A Y System equipment, for repair or warranty inf or mation, please contact DIRECW A Y T ech nical Suppor t Address: 11717 Exploration Lane, Germantown, MD 20876 Web: http://www .mydirecwa y . com (T o send an e-mail, login to your user account on theis Web site and then navigate to the Email pa[...]

v[...]

vi[...]

Contents vii Contents Chapter 1: DW6000 installation and components . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Contact inf ormation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 System re quirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 DW6000 component s . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 Relocating the DW6[...]

viii Contents[...]

DW6000 instal lation a nd co mponen ts 1 DW6000 installation and components 1 Congratul ations on your purc hase of a DIRECW A Y ® D W6000! Af ter your unit has been professi onally i nstalled, y ou will be able to click on a bro wser an d surf the In terne t. Y ou will a lso be able t o op erate a loca l are a netwo rk (L AN) a fter you conf igur[...]

2 DW6000 i nstallati on and co mponen ts D W6000 components Relocat ing t he DW6000 Y our D IREC W A Y Sys tem wa s co mple tely a sse mble d by th e prof ess ional instal ler . Should you ne ed to mo ve the D W 6000 to a nother locat ion, you w ould not ha ve to disas semble it. Y ou would s imply disconne ct the re cei ve, tra nsmit, and Ether ne[...]

DW6000 instal lation a nd co mponen ts 3 Operating considerations W ARNIN G • Do not insert objects throug h the vents. • Inserting objects through the vents ma y result in sev ere personal injury or death due to electric shoc k. • In addition, inserting objects thr ough the vents may damage t he D W6000. CA UTION • Keep the DW6000 in a wel[...]

4 DW6000 i nstallati on and co mponen ts Pr ofessi onal installat ion or service requirement Prof essional ins tallation a nd servi ce of the tw o-way antenna assembly is re quire d by the F ederal Communica tions Commissi on because t he antenna transmit s radio fr equency (RF) energ y . The two-way antenna as sembly must be i nstalled in a locati[...]

DW6000 instal lation a nd co mponen ts 5 Ho w the D W6000 wo r k s Figure 1 sho ws ho w the D W6000 all ows you to connect multiple c omputers to the Int ernet via sa tellit e signals. The D W6000 is indep endent of oper ating platfo rms. Whether y our computers u se W indo ws ® or Ma cIntosh ® ope rating systems, the y c an surf the Internet no [...]

6 DW6000 i nstallati on and co mponen ts[...]

The DIRE CWAY Sys tem Contr ol Cent er 7 The DIRECWAY System Control Center 2 The D W 6000 has an inter nal W eb serv er that s upports t he DIRECW A Y Syst em Control Center . The Syst em Control Center can b e accesse d from an y computer connecte d to a D W6000 via a W eb bro wser b y going to www .direcw aysupport .com. It pro vides infor matio[...]

8 The DIRE CWAY Syst em Contr ol Center Ho w to access t he System Contr ol Center The S ystem Con trol C ente r is a ccess ed t hrou gh any br owser , suc h as I ntern et Explorer or Netscape. A s hortcut to t he System Con trol Center s hould ha ve been pla ced on your d esktop dur ing install ation. Click on it and the Ho me screen i n Figure 3 [...]

The DIRE CWAY Sys tem Contr ol Cent er 9 • System Sta tus repor ts on signal strengt h and transm it, recei v e, softw are do wnload, commis sion, and TCP acce lerati on status. If the indicat or is colored RED there is a p roblem with s atelli te connecti vity . If th e indica tor is colored GREEN the sate llite c onnection is operatin g properl[...]

10 The DIRE CWAY Syst em Contr ol Center System Status The System Status screen displa ys the f ields de scribed b elo w . • Signal S trength - recei ve s ignal stre ngth. A v alue of 30 o r less indi cates an appropri ate sign al is not bei ng recei v ed. Chapter 5 – D W6000 T r oubles hooting , on page 25 o r W eather and Sign al Str ength on[...]

The DIRE CWAY Sys tem Contr ol Cent er 11 Reception Inf o The Reception Info screen displays the fi elds desc ribed bel ow . • Rece iv e Status - report s the sta tus of the r ecei ve data path. Clicking on th e blue st atus messag e displays co rrespondi ng help in formation . • F rames Received- reports the number of da ta messages recei ved [...]

12 The DIRE CWAY Syst em Contr ol Center T ransmissi on Info The T ran smission Info screen disp lays the f ields describ ed belo w . • T ransmit Stat us - reports the status of the transmit data pa th. Clicking on t he blue st atus messag e displays co rrespondi ng help in formation . • Numb er of Suc cessful T ransm ission s- repor ts the num[...]

The DIRE CWAY Sys tem Contr ol Cent er 13 System Inf ormation The System Information screen d isplays a num ber of f ields . While al l the informat ion may be u seful at some time, the most import ant is di scussed belo w . Note: Print the System Information screen and sa ve it. It will be needed should you need to call your service pro vider and [...]

14 The DIRE CWAY Syst em Contr ol Center The Connectivity T est Link The Connect i vity T est link is use d to test the D W6000’ s conne ctiv ity to th e NOC. Y ou may lose con necti vity to a part icular serv er on the Inte rnet ser ver du e to the Interne t or the satelli te netw ork being heav ily loa ded, or du e to that serv er being do wn. [...]

DW6000 LE Ds Operati on 15 DW6000 LEDs Operation 3 The D W 6000 LEDs pro vide i nformation a bout operati ng status. Thi s chapter descri bes the LEDs’ appearance du ring normal D W6000 operati on. If the LEDs ar e not functi oning as describ ed in this cha pter , refer to Chapter 5 – D W 6000 T r oubleshooti ng, on pa ge 25. The D W6000 LEDs T[...]

16 DW6000 LE Ds Operat ion D W6000 LED operation This sect ion describ es the LEDs’ appear ance durin g typical D W6000 oper ation. Refe r to Fi gure 1 1 for t he LE D’ s loc ation s. Normal ope ration When the D W 6000 is po wered on and tr ansmitti ng or recei ving data: • The LAN LED is on. The LED blinks off mome ntarily when f rames are [...]

DW6000 LE Ds Operati on 17 Figure 11: D W6000 LE Ds operation G - xxxx 10/31/02 USB/LAN LED Solid blue = LAN is connected and usable Flashing blue = there is transmit or receive activity on the LAN Power LED Solid blue Blinking = running fallback.bin (backup sof tware) Off =no power Off with some other LED flashing = fat al error = power is on and [...]

18 DW6000 LE Ds Operat ion[...]

Configur ing E- mail 19 Configuring E-mail 4 T o acti v ate the e- mail acco unts prov ided in you r servic e agreement , go to myDIRECW A Y .com. If yo u purchased your DIRECW A Y System throu gh one of our V alue Added Reseller s (V ARs), pl ease cont act your serv ice pro vider t o establ ish your e- mail account s. Configuring DIRE CW A Y e- ma[...]

20 Config uring E-mail 4. E nter y our full name in Display Name and sele ct Next . The E-Mail Inter net Addres s windo w appea rs. See Figure 14. 5. E nter y our fu ll e-m ail ad dres s in E-m ail addres s (fo r exampl e, username@di recway .com) a nd select Ne xt. An E-ma il Server N ames windo w appear s. See Figure 15 . 6. V erify that POP3 is [...]

Configur ing E- mail 21 8. Enter t he address of your outgoi ng mail serv er in t he Out going mail ser ver fi e l d . • If your e-mail account is with DIRECW A Y , enter smtp.direcway.com . • If your e-mail is through some other servi ce, check wi th your e-mai l pro vider for th e type or a ddress of your mail serv er . 9. Sele ct Next . Th e[...]

22 Config uring E-mail Microsoft Outlook 2000 1. Go to Sta r t → Prog rams → Mi crosoft O utlook . 2. Select on T ools f rom t he Ou tloo k Ex pre ss pr ogra m me nu an d sel ect Accoun ts. The Intern et Accou nt menu appears. 3. Select Add a nd select Mail . The Internet Connection W izard appear s. Note: Use the Internet Con nection W izard t[...]

Configur ing E- mail 23 SMTP.direcway.com . If you ar e using some other servi ce, check with your e-mail pro vider f or the URL of your SMTP e-mail s erver . c. Logi n I nform atio n – User Na me: mail ser ver login nam e. – P assword: pa ssword f or user name l ogin. Note: Place a check in Rememb er Passwor d box to expedite log in. Note: By [...]

24 Config uring E-mail 12. Ensure Nev er is sel ected fo r Use Secure Sock et La y er (SSL) o r TLS f or Out going mess age . 13. Sel ect Edit to d ispla y the M ail S er ver Proper ti es windo w . If no server( s) is present , select Add to cre ate a mail serv er . 14. From the Mail Ser ver Prope r tie s windo w: In the Server Name f ield, en ter [...]

DW6000 T rouble shooting 25 DW6000 Troubleshooting 5 The D W 6000 Syste m Control Cent er and LEDs p rovid e informatio n about operati ng statu s. This chapter prov ides a troubl eshooti ng guide to typical problems. Remember that the illust rations ar e exampl es only . The System Contr ol Center is desc ribed in Chap ter 2 – The DIRECW A Y Sys[...]

26 DW6000 T roublesho oting Cannot surf b ut can access Contr ol Center If you ca nnot surf the Interne t b ut can acce ss the Contro l Center , follo w the trouble shooting proc edures be low . Remember that an y probl em may be caused by mor e than one t hing. If you i mplement a t roublesho oting procedu re b ut stil l cannot s urf, proce ed to [...]

DW6000 T rouble shooting 27 Chec k rece ive signal The D W 6000 wi ll not funct ion if sa tellite s ignals ar e not rec eiv ed prope rly . 1. At the Control Center , click on the Reception Inf o indicat or . The Receptio n Info scr een appea rs. See Figure 18. 2. In the Receiv e St atus ro w , ch eck th e Rx Code . If the Rx Cod e is The receiver i[...]

28 DW6000 T roublesho oting If th e Tx C ode is Transmitter available for Normal Op eration (TxCode 8) the D W600 0 is tran smitting sig nals properl y . Proceed t o the next trouble shooting ste p. If an y other Tx Code appears, t he D W6000 is not transmit ting signal s properl y . Click on t he Tx Code. F ollo w the tr oubleshoot ing procedure t[...]

DW6000 T rouble shooting 29 Figure 20 : S ystem S tatus, TCP Accel eration Sta tus[...]

30 DW6000 T roublesho oting Chec k Ne tw ork Operations Center (NOC) connectivity Use the Conn ectivity T est link to chec k connecti vity to the DIRECW A Y Networ k Operations Cen ter (NOC). Note: Y ou may w ant to open a second bro wser windo w to be able to access the help page while conductin g the Connectivity T est. 1. Click on Connectiv ity [...]

DW6000 T rouble shooting 31 Figure 21: Connecti vity T est Figure 22: Successful ping Figure 23: F ailed ping[...]

32 DW6000 T roublesho oting Internet Connectivity Sometimes t he Internet or Internet site is e xperienc ing proble ms. T ry pinging the DIRECW A Y W eb serv er (www .direcw ay .com) inst ead of the W eb serv er or site yo u could not conn ect to. Note: The DIRECW A Y Internet serve r may not be accessi ble or may not resp ond. In such a case, you [...]

DW6000 T rouble shooting 33 Cannot access the Contr ol C enter If you ca nnot access t he Control Center , you can stil l get informa tion from the D W6000 LEDs th at can ena ble you to restore conn ecti vity . Follo w the trouble shooting proc edures be low . Remember that an y probl em may be caused by mor e than one t hing. If you i mplement a t[...]

34 DW6000 T roublesho oting Chec k the P owe r LED Check the Po wer LED. If i t is lit, proceed to the ne xt troubles hooting s tep. If it is not lit, p erform the f ollowing step s. 1. Power c ycle th e D W6000 b y unplugging t he po wer cord from the po wer strip o r surge protector , waiting 10 seconds, a nd plugging it back in. 2. If the Power [...]

DW6000 T rouble shooting 35 a. In W indo ws 2000, for ex ample, righ t-click My Computer on the des ktop and choose Proper ties → Hardware → De vice Manag er . A scr een appear s listi ng all the de vices inst alled on th e computer . b . If the NIC is not prope rly install ed, a red X will appear next to its listing. T rouble shoot the NI C in[...]

36 DW6000 T roublesho oting 3. If the System Cont rol Center i s still no t av ailable, try p inging the D W6000 by entering ping 192.168. 0.1 at a DOS command line. If ping does not w ork, po wer cy cle the D W6000 by unplu gging it fro m the po wer stri p or sur ge protec tor , w aiting 10 sec onds, and pl ugging it bac k in. If you st ill cannot[...]

DW6000 T rouble shooting 37 Problem: Sy stem LED not lit If the System LED is not o n, but the T rans mit and Recei ve LEDs are o n, there may be a pr oblem at th e NOC. T ak e the follo wing steps. • W ait a whil e. If ther e is a problem at the NOC, it will soon be correct ed and the S ystem LED will c ome on. Y ou c an t hen re sum e norm al o[...]

38 DW6000 T roublesho oting The pedestal base F ollow t he instr uctions bel ow t o place the D W6000 in the pedest al base, or remove it fro m the base . Y ou do not ha ve to use th e pedestal. Y ou can place the D W6000 in a hori zontal positi on if you pref er . If you do thi s, make su re you ne ver put an ything on top the D W6000. Doing so ma[...]

DW6000 T rouble shooting 39 Figure 26 : D W60 00 guides Figure 27 : T wo fron t guide s Figure 28: P edestal base c lip Curved ridges T wo fron t guides Clip[...]

40 DW6000 T roublesho oting[...]

Fre quently a sked qu estions 41 Frequently asked questions 6 1. What are the causes of i nterf erence in the oper ation of my system? The DIRECW A Y ® syste m operates in t he Ku ba nd. Other de vices transmit ting in th is b and, s uch as r adar det ector s, ca n in terfe re w ith the s ystem . R ain o r snow can in ter fere fo r the s ignal for[...]

42 Frequentl y asked question s T ransmit ter scr een are ut ilized b y sat ellite ser vice pers onnel to i ncrease the accurac y of s atellit e dish alig nment. 3. What operating systems are compa tible with the ne w DIRECW A Y System? Y ou can connect your comput er to the In ternet whe ther you are r unning a W indo ws® or Macintosh ® b ased s[...]

Fre quently a sked qu estions 43 9. What if my comput er did not come w ith a Netw ork Interface Car d (NIC)? What can I do? Many co mputers can be upgrade d with a 10/100 E thernet Ne twork Inte rface Card (NIC) . If you ar e comforta ble with openi ng your comput er and in stalling hardw are, most Eth ernet NICs can be sel f-installed. Ch eck wit[...]

44 Frequentl y asked question s DIRECW A Y Prof essional 1. Can I run DIRECW A Y Profe ssional on a vir tual priv ate netw ork (VPN)? Running a VPN c lient o ver a satellite network is not an id eal conf iguration. Although mos t VPN clients will work, yo ur speeds will be af fected signi ficant ly . Wh ile average download s peed s are s ligh tly [...]

Typical operati ng system sett ings 45 Typical operatin g system settings A This chap ter e xplains ho w to co nfi gure W indo ws and MacIntosh ope rating system se ttings s o that your co mputer can c ommunicate with the D W6000. • If DHCP is n ot enabled on y our D W6000, you ha v e been ass igned a stati c IP addre ss. T o check if DHCP is en [...]

46 Typical ope rating sy stem setting s Configuring Windows f or a D W6000 wi th a static IP ad dress The inst ructions for conf iguring a W indo ws 98SE, ME, 2000, or XP system with a st atic IP address v ary slightly . Find the appr opriate in structi ons for you r system an d follo w them. As you manual ly conf igure the clie nt computers y ou w[...]

Typical operati ng system sett ings 47 4. Select Specify an I P Addres s . Enter an appropriate IP addres s from the range of av ailabl e IP addre sses. See p age 46 for more det ails; do not use the ones in t he ex amples. 5. In the Subnet Mask field , enter the a ppropriat e v alue as e xplained on page 46. 6. Select the Gateway tab . Enter the D[...]

48 Typical ope rating sy stem setting s 8. Select the DNS Conf igurat ion tab, a nd verif y the follo wing settings. a. Make s ure En able DNS is selecte d. b. T h e Domain Name should be direcpc.com . c. Under DNS Ser ver Se arch Order , you should see 198.77.11 6.8. If you do not, type it in th e box and se lect Add . 9. Select OK wh en finish ed[...]

Typical operati ng system sett ings 49 4. Select Inter net Protocol (TCP/IP) being careful not to unch eck it and se lect Propert ies. See Figur e 8. 5. In the Gene ral tab, sele ct Us e th e fol lowing I P ad dres s. En ter an ap prop riat e IP Address from the rang e of a v ailable IP a ddresses as e xpla ined on page 46. 6. Enter 255.255.255.0 f[...]

50 Typical ope rating sy stem setting s Windo ws XP 1. Open the Cont rol P anel b y selecti ng Star t → Control P anel and double-s elect the Netw ork and Dial-up Connections icon. See Figure 36. Note: If the Control Panel is in category vie w select Network and Internet Connections then select Network Connection s. 2. A list of Networ k adapters[...]

Typical operati ng system sett ings 51 4. Select Inter net Protoc ol (TCP/IP) an d select Prop erties b eing care ful not to uncheck t he check box . See Figure 38. 5. In the G enera l ta b, sel ect Use the following IP address . E nter an appropri ate IP ad dress fr om the range of av ailable IP ad dress and t he appropri ate Subnet Mask for yo ur[...]

52 Typical ope rating sy stem setting s Configuring Windows when DH CP is enabled Windows 98SE and ME 1. On the client c omputer , go to Start → Setti ngs → Control Panel and double-c lick Ne two rk . See Figur e 40. Note: On W indows ME computers, ch oose V iew All Control Panel Options to see the Network ico n. 2. A list of networ k component[...]

Typical operati ng system sett ings 53 3. Select the TCP/IP en try as socia ted with Network Int erface C ard (N IC) and then s elect Proper ties . The TCP/IP P roper ties wind ow appea rs. S ee Figure 42 . 4. In the IP Addre ss ta b, sele ct Obta in an IP address automati cally . 5. Select the Gate wa y tab. Remove any i nstal led gateways by se l[...]

54 Typical ope rating sy stem setting s Windows 2000 1. On the cl ient computer , go to Start → Se ttings → Control P anel and double-c lick Networ k and D ial-up C onnect ions . 2. A list of networ k adapters a ppears. See Figure 44. The Local Area Connectio n adapter must be liste d. If it is not, the ne twork is not installe d corre ctly . 3[...]

Typical operati ng system sett ings 55 5. Select Inter net P rotocol ( TCP/IP) . Be caref ul not to unc heck the ch eckbox. 6. Select the Proper ties bu tt o n. T h e Inter net Protoc ol Prop er ties windo w appe ars. See F igur e 46 . 7. Ensure that both Obtain an IP A ddress Automaticall y and Obtain DNS Ser ver Addres s A utom atically are s ele[...]

56 Typical ope rating sy stem setting s Windo ws XP 1. Go to Star t → Setti ngs → Contro l Panel . Doubl e-c lick th e Networ k and Dial -up C onne ction s icon. Note: If the Control Panel is in category vie w select Network and Internet Connections then select Network Connection s. 2. A list of netw ork adapters will be displ ayed. A Local A r[...]

Typical operati ng system sett ings 57 Figure 48 : Local Area Conn ection P roper t ies Figure 49: Inter net Prot ocol Prope r tie s[...]

58 Typical ope rating sy stem setting s Configuring a MacIntosh f or a D W6000 with a static IP address F ollow t he steps belo w to conf igure a D W6000 with a stat ic IP addr ess on a MacIntosh ® system. 1. Select Syste m Preference s from the Mac interf ace. The Systems Prefer ence menu appe ars. 2. Select the Network icon. The Networ k screen [...]

Typical operati ng system sett ings 59 Configuring a MacIntosh when DHCP is enab led Foll ow t he steps bel ow t o confi gure a D W6000 wit h DHCP enabled on a MacIntosh system. 1. Select Syste m Preference s from the Mac interf ace. The Systems Prefer ence menu appe ars. 2. Select the Network icon. The Networ k screen a ppears. 3. Select the Confi[...]

60 Typical ope rating sy stem setting s Figure 54: Mac N etwor k scre en Figure 55 : Select M anually from the Confi gure drop- down list[...]

Home Networking 61 Home Networking B The D W6000, in co mbination wi th an antenna , can prov ide satelli te connecti vity for mul tiple comp uters on a wireless or wired (Eth ernet) loca l area netw ork (LAN). Afte r the D W6000 and network are inst alled, e v ery computer on th e networ k can surf the Interne t via the satellit e signal. Note: Co[...]

62 Basic wirel ess considerations W ire less netw orks are e asy to ins tall becaus e you don’ t ha ve to run an y cables. Instea d, a wirele ss base station is connect ed to the D W6000 Ethernet por t. W irele ss NICs are installed in each compu ter you w ant on the net work. These components are a v ailable at most computer s upply stores and o[...]

63 Basic Ethernet considerations Ethernet hubs, cables, a nd NICS can be purcha sed at most co mputer supply store s or outle ts. Th ey are re latively inexp ensive and e asy to insta ll. Th e Ethernet interf ace must support auto -ne goti ate , a feat ure that en ab les comp ati bility and i nte r-opera bilit y amo ng Et her net devices. Select an[...]

64[...]

Glossary 65 Glossary B D E Base stat ion - a de vice in a wireless ne twork th at processe s and routes data from c omputers, modems (inc luding sat ellite modems ) and other de vices on t he netw ork. Dotted de cimal nota tion - An IP add ress consist s of 32 bits. Ra ther than wo rking with 32 bits at a time, it is a co mmon practic e to se gment[...]

66 Glossary H I L Host - In pa cket- and m essa ge- switc hing communic ations netw orks, the collection of hardw are and softw are that makes u se of packet or message switchin g to suppor t user -to-user , i.e. , end-t o-e nd, c ommu nicat ion s, int erpro cess communic ations, an d distrib uted data processi ng. More simply , a serv er or c ompu[...]

Glossary 67 N P Network Address T ranslation ( N A T) - prov ides IP addres s translat ion from t he LAN. T wo standar d types of N A T are Ne twork Addres s Port T ran slati on ( N AP T) and Basi c NA T . Another f lav or , Simple N A T , is pro vided b y DIR ECW A Y to facili tate this f eatur e in corporat e netwo rks where the LAN addresses are[...]

68 Glossary S T Signal qu ality f actor (SQF) - an inte ger v alue from 0-99 t hat indicat es the str ength of the received sa tellite sig nal re lative to noi se. Subn et ma sk - a 3 2-bi t value tha t is use d to disti ngu ish th e netw ork ID from the ho st I D in an arbit rary IP addr ess. Each ho st on a net work require s a subnet mask. TCP /[...]

Index 69 Index A auto -negotia te 61, 63 B Bad Key Frames 11 C Category 5) Etherne t cable 63 Commission St atus 10 Connecti vity Test 9, 14, 30 Connecti vity Test Menu 14 Contact Tech Suppo rt 9 Control Cent er 1, 7 cooling vents 2 D DHCP 45 DW6000 Info s ection 13 E e-ma il 19 Ethernet 61 Ethernet cable 1, 45, 61 Ethernet hub 45, 61 Ethernet hubs[...]

70 Index Cov ered b y one or more of the follo wing U.S. Patent s: 5,343,4 71, 5,652,795, 5, 659,615 5,699,3 84, 6,125,184, 6, 131,160, 6,161,1 41, 6,215,873, 6, 307,937, 6,331,9 79, 6,338,131, 6, 385,727, 6,438,6 66, 6,519,651, 6, 571,296. 1034405-00 01 Re v A[...]