Sony SLV-SE70EE Bedienungsanleitung

Video Cassette Recor der ©1999 by Son y Cor poration SL V -SE70EE SL V -SE50EE Operating Instructions 3-865-152- 12 (1) P AL NTSC 4.43[...]

Introduction 2 WARNING T o pr event fire or shock hazard, do not expose the unit to rain or moisture. T o avoid electrical shock, do not open the cabinet. Refer servicing to qualified personnel only . Mains lead must only be changed at a qualified service shop. Precautions Safety • This unit operates on 220 – 240 V AC, 50 Hz. Check that the uni[...]

3 Introduction T able of contents Getting Started Getting Started 4 Step 1: Unpacking 5 Step 2: Setting up the r emote commander 9 Step 3: Connecting the VCR 14 Step 4: T uning your TV to the VCR 16 Step 5: Setting up the VCR with the Auto Set Up function 17 Step 6: Setting the clock 19 Selecting a language 20 Presetting channels 24 Changing/disabl[...]

Getting Started 4 Getting Started Step 1 Unpacking Check that you have received the following items with the VCR: • Remote commander • R6 (size AA) batteries • Aerial cable Checking your model name The instructions in this manual are for the 2 models: SL V -SE70EE and SE50EE. Check your model number by looking at the rear panel of your VCR. T[...]

5 Getting Started Getting Started Step 2 Setting up the r emote commander Inserting the batteries Insert two R6 (size AA) batteries by matching the + and – on the batteries to the diagram inside the battery compartment. Insert the negative (–) end first, then push in and down until the positive (+) end clicks into position. Using the remote com[...]

Getting Started 6 Step 2 : Setting up the remote commander (continued) TV control buttons To T urn the TV into standby mode Select an input source of the TV either fr om aerial in or from line in Select the programme position of the TV Press I / u … TV/VIDEO Programme number buttons, ? , PROG +/– FASTEXT buttons V ; WIDE … TV/VIDEO I/ u AUDIO[...]

7 Getting Started Getting Started Notes • W ith normal use, the batteries should last about three to six months. • If you do not use the remote commander for an extended period of time, r emove the batteries to avoid possible damage from battery leakage. • Do not use a new battery with an old one together . • Do not use dif ferent types of [...]

Getting Started 8 Step 2 : Setting up the remote commander (continued) Code numbers of controllable TVs If more than one code number is listed, try entering them one at a time until you find the one that works with your TV . T o make wide mode settings, see the footnotes below this table for the applicable code numbers. * 1 Press WIDE to switch the[...]

9 Getting Started Getting Started Step 3 Connecting the VCR If your TV has a EURO-A V connector , see page 10. If your TV does not have a EURO-A V (Scart) connector : Signal flow AERIAL IN Aerial cable (supplied) AERIAL IN AERIAL OUT to mains 1 Disconnect the aerial cable from your TV and connect it to AERIAL IN on the rear panel of the VCR. 2 Conn[...]

Getting Started 10 Step 3 : Connecting the VCR (continued) If your TV has a EURO-A V (Scart) connector 1 Disconnect the aerial cable from your TV and connect it to AERIAL IN on the rear panel of the VCR. 2 Connect AERIAL OUT of the VCR and the aerial input of your TV using the supplied aerial cable. : Signal flow AERIAL IN Aerial cable (supplied) A[...]

11 Getting Started Getting Started 3 Connect LINE-1 (TV) on the VCR and the EURO-A V (Scart) connector on the TV with the optional EURO-A V cable. This connection improves pictur e and sound quality . Whenever you want to watch the VCR picture, pr ess … TV/ VIDEO to display the VIDEO indicator in the display window . 4 Connect the mains lead to t[...]

Getting Started 12 Step 3 : Connecting the VCR (continued) About the SMARTLINK featur es (SL V -SE50EE only) If the connected TV complies with SMAR TLINK, MEGALOGIC *1 , EASYLINK *2 , Q-Link *3 , or EURO VIEW LINK *4 , you can use the SMAR TLINK function after you complete the steps on the previous page (the SMAR TLINK indicator appears in the VCR?[...]

13 Getting Started Getting Started Additional connections This additional connection improves picture and sound quality . If your TV has LINE IN connector , connect your TV by using audio/video cable as shown on the right. Whenever you want to watch the VCR picture, press … TV/VIDEO to display the VIDEO indicator in the display window . Audio/vid[...]

Getting Started 14 Step 4 T uning your TV to the VCR If you have connected the VCR to your TV using the EURO-A V cable, skip this step. I/ u ON/ST ANDBY PROGRAM +/– RF CHANNEL 1 Press I / u ON/ST ANDBY to turn on the VCR. 2 Press RF CHANNEL on the VCR lightly . The factory-preset RF channel appears in the display window . The VCR signal is output[...]

15 Getting Started Getting Started 5 Press PROGRAM +/– (r epeatedly) to select the appropriate TV system for your ar ea. Select “G” for the B/G TV system, or “K” for the D/K TV system. 6 T une the TV to the same channel as that shown in the display window so that the picture on the right appears clearly on the TV screen. Refer to your TV [...]

Getting Started 16 Step 4 Setting up the VCR with the Auto Set Up function Before using the VCR for the first time, set up the VCR using the Auto Set Up function. W ith this function, you can set the TV channels guided by the sequence indicated on the TV screen. Hold down AUTO SET UP on the VCR for mor e than three seconds. The VCR automatically tu[...]

17 Getting Started Getting Started Setting the clock Y ou must set the time and date on the VCR to use the timer r ecording featur es properly . Setting the clock manually Before you start… • T urn on the VCR and the TV . • Set the TV to the video channel. 1 Press MENU, then pr ess > / . to highlight SETTINGS and press OK. 2 Press > / .[...]

Getting Started 18 Step 6 : Setting the clock (continued) 4 Press / to highlight the month and set the month pressing > / . . 5 Set the year , hour , and minutes in sequence, pressing / to highlight the item to be set, and press > / . to select the digits. The day of the week is set automatically . 6 Press OK to start the clock. Tips • T o [...]

19 Getting Started Getting Started Selecting a language Y ou can change the on-screen display language from the one you selected with the Auto Set Up function. Before you start… • T urn on the VCR and the TV . • Set the TV to the video channel. 1 Press MENU, then pr ess > / . to highlight SETTINGS and press OK. 2 Press > / . to highligh[...]

Getting Started 20 Pr esetting channels If some channels could not be preset using the Auto Set Up function, you can preset them manually . Before you start… • T urn on the VCR and the TV . • Set the TV to the video channel. PROG +/– > / . / ? / / OK MENU 1 Press MENU, then pr ess > / . to highlight SETTINGS and press OK. 2 Press >[...]

21 Getting Started Getting Started Selected programme position 3 Press > / . to highlight NORMAL/ CA TV , then pr ess OK. 4 Press > / . to highlight NORMAL, then press OK. T o preset CA TV (Cable T elevision) channels, select CA TV . 5 Press PROG +/– to select the pr ogramme position. 6 Press > / . to highlight CHANNEL SET , then pr ess [...]

Getting Started 22 Presetting channels (continued) MENU 7 Press > / . r epeatedly until the channel you want is displayed. The channels appear in the following order: B/G TV system Channel number in the CHANNEL SET field C02 E2 C02 R1 C03 E3 C05 R6 C04 E4 C06 R7 C05 E5 C12 R12 C06 E6 C13 R2 C07 E7 C14 R3 C08 E8 C15 R4 C09 E9 C16 R5 C10 E10 C17 R[...]

23 Getting Started Getting Started Disabling unwanted programme positions After presetting channels, you can disable unused pr ogramme positions. The disabled positions will be skipped later when you press the PROG +/– buttons. 1 In step 7 above, press pr ogramme number button “0” twice to display the number “00” beside CHANNEL SET . 2 Pr[...]

Getting Started 24 1 Press MENU, then pr ess > / . to highlight LISTS and press OK. 2 Press > / . to highlight CHANNEL LIST , then press OK. Changing/ disabling pr ogramme positions After setting the channels, you can change the programme positions and station names as you like. If any programme positions ar e unused or contain unwanted chann[...]

25 Getting Started Getting Started 3 Press > / . to highlight the row on which you want to change the programme position, then pr ess / . T o display other pages for programme positions 6 to 60, press > / . repeatedly . 4 Press > / . until the selected channel row moves to the desired pr ogramme position. The selected channel is inserted a[...]

Getting Started 26 Changing/disabling programme positions (continued) 1 Press MENU, then pr ess > / . to highlight LISTS and press OK. 2 Press > / . to highlight CHANNEL LIST , then press OK. Changing the station names (SL V -SE50EE only) Y ou can change or enter the station names (up to 5 characters). Before you start… • T urn on the VCR[...]

27 Getting Started Getting Started continued 3 Press > / . to highlight the r ow on which you want to change the station name, then press / . T o display other pages for programme positions 6 to 60, press > / . repeatedly . 4 Press / . 5 Enter the station name. 1 Press > / . to select a character . Each time you pr ess > , the character[...]

Getting Started 28 Disabling unwanted programme positions After presetting channels, you can disable unused programme positions. The disabled positions will be skipped later when you press the PROG +/– buttons. Before you start… • T urn on the VCR and the TV . • Set the TV to the video channel. CLEAR 1 Press MENU, then pr ess > / . to hi[...]

29 Getting Started Getting Started 2 Press > / . to highlight CHANNEL LIST , then pr ess OK. 3 Press > / . to highlight the row on which you want to disable. 4 Press CLEAR. The selected row will be clear ed as shown on the right. 5 Repeat steps 3 and 4 for any other programme positions you want to disable. 6 Press MENU to exit the menu. Tip ?[...]

Basic Operations 30 Basic Operations Playing a tape 6 EJECT 1 T urn on your TV and set it to the video channel. 2 Insert a tape. The VCR turns on and starts playing automatically if you insert a tape with its safety tab removed. DISPLA Y · PLA Y P P AUSE )# FF p STOP 03 REW NTSC PB CLEAR 123 456 789 0[...]

Basic Operations Basic Operations 31 Set NTSC PB to ON P AL TV NTSC 4.43 Additional tasks To Stop play Pause play Resume play after pause Fast-forward the tape Rewind the tape Eject the tape Press p STOP P P AUSE P P AUSE or · PLA Y )# FF during stop 03 REW during stop 6 EJECT T o set the colour system If the playback picture has no colour , or st[...]

Basic Operations 32 Playing a tape (continued) T o use the time counter At the point on the tape that you want to find later , press CLEAR. The counter in the display window resets to “0:00:00.” Sear ch for the point afterwards by r eferring to the counter . T o display the counter on the TV screen, pr ess DISPLA Y . Enjoying the simulated ster[...]

Basic Operations Basic Operations 33 Starting playback automatically with one button (One T ouch Play) (SL V -SE50EE only) If you use the SMAR TLINK connection, you can turn on the VCR and the TV , set the TV to the video channel, and start playback automatically with one button. 1 Insert a tape. The VCR automatically turns on. If you insert a tape[...]

Basic Operations 34 Recor ding TV pr ogrammes r REC PROG +/– SP/LP 1 T urn on your TV and set it to the video channel. 2 Insert a tape with its safety tab in place. INPUT SELECT COUNTER/ REMAIN DISPLA Y … TV/VIDEO p STOP 123 456 789 0[...]

Basic Operations Basic Operations 35 3 Press INPUT SELECT until a pr ogramme position number appears in the display window . 4 Press PROG +/– to select the pr ogramme position you want to recor d. 5 Press SP/LP to select the tape speed, SP or LP . LP (Long Play) pr ovides recording time twice as long as SP , however , SP (Standard Play) produces [...]

Basic Operations 36 Recording TV pr ogrammes (continued) Safety tab T o check the r emaining time Press DISPLA Y . W ith the display on, pr ess COUNTER/REMAIN to check the remaining time. Each time you pr ess COUNTER/REMAIN, the time counter and the r emaining time appear alternately . The remaining time with the indicator also appears in the displ[...]

Basic Operations Basic Operations 37 Tips • T o select a programme position, you can use the programme number buttons on the remote commander . For two-digit numbers, press the ? (ten’s digit) button followed by the programme number buttons. • Y ou can select a video source from the LINE-1 (TV) connector or the LINE-2 IN jacks also using the [...]

Basic Operations 38 Recording what you ar e watching on the TV (TV Direct Rec) (SL V -SE50EE only) If you use the SMAR TLINK connection, you can easily record what you ar e watching on the TV (other than tapes being played on the VCR). 1 Insert a tape with its safety tab in place. 2 Press r REC while you ar e watching a TV programme or external sou[...]

Basic Operations Basic Operations 39 Recor ding TV pr ogrammes using the timer Y ou can preset up to eight pr ogrammes at a time. Before you start… • Check that the VCR clock is set to the correct time and date. • Insert a tape with its safety tab in place. Make sure the tape is longer than the total recor ding time. • T urn on your TV and [...]

Basic Operations 40 Recording TV pr ogrammes using the timer (continued) 2 Set the date, start and stop times, programme position, and tape speed: 1 Press / to highlight each item in turn. 2 Press > / . to set each item. T o correct a setting, press ? to return to that setting and reset. • T o record the same pr ogramme every day or the same d[...]

Basic Operations Basic Operations 41 Daily/weekly recor ding In step 2 above, press . to select the r ecording pattern. Each time you press . , the indication changes as shown below . Press > to change the indication in reverse or der . T o use the VCR after setting the timer T o use the VCR before a timer recor ding begins, just press I / u . T[...]

Additional Operations 42 Additional Operations Playing/sear ching at various speeds Playback options V iew the picture during fast-forward or r ewind Play at high speed × 2 & SLOW Operation During fast-forward, hold down )# FF/ ) FF . During rewind, hold down 03 REW/ 0 REW . • During playback, press )# FF or 03 REW on the remote commander . [...]

43 Additional Operations T o r esume normal playback Press · PLA Y . Using the shuttle ring (SL V -SE50EE ony) W ith the shuttle ring, you can operate a variety of playback options. There are two ways for using the shuttle ring, normal mode and jog mode. T o use the shuttle ring in normal mode During playback or pause, turn the shuttle ring clockw[...]

Additional Operations 44 Playing/searching at various speeds (continued) T o use the shuttle ring in jog mode Use this mode for frame-by-frame playback. Press JOG to enter the jog mode. The JOG button lights up. If you change to the jog mode during any playback mode, the playback pauses so you can see a still picture. Each change in the shuttle rin[...]

45 Additional Operations Setting the recor ding duration time After starting recor ding in the normal way , you can have the VCR stop recor ding automatically after a specified duration. 1 While recor ding, press r REC. The indicator appears in the display window . 2 Press r REC repeatedly to set the duration. Each press advances the time in incr e[...]

Additional Operations 46 1 Press I / u to turn on the VCR. 2 Press MENU, then pr ess > / . to highlight LISTS and pr ess OK. 3 Press > / . to highlight TIMER LIST , then press OK: • If you want to change or cancel a setting, go on to the next step. • If you do not need to change or cancel the settings, press MENU, then turn of f the VCR t[...]

47 Additional Operations Programme 1 Programme 2 Programme 1 Programme 2 about 20 seconds will be cut off will be cut off 4 Press > / . to select the setting you want to change or cancel, then press OK. The selected setting appears in the TIMER menu. 5 • T o change the setting, press ? / / to highlight the item you want to change, and press &g[...]

Additional Operations 48 Selecting ster eo and bilingual pr ogrammes (SL V -SE70EE only) Selecting the sound during playback Press AUDIO MONITOR to select the sound you want. T o listen to Stereo/main and sub (left and right channels) Left channel/main Right channel/sub Standard sound Display window STEREO STEREO STEREO No indicator How sound is re[...]

49 Additional Operations SMART SEARCH > / . / ? / / OK continued I / u 123 456 789 0 Sear ching using the Smart Sear ch function If you recor d multiple programmes on a tape, use the Smart Search function to see what has been recor ded on your tape. Y ou can see information such as date, time, and channel of programmes recor ded on a tape. Y ou [...]

Additional Operations 50 Searching using the Smart Sear ch function (continued) T o stop sear ching Press p ST OP . T o exit the SMAR T SEARCH screen Press SMAR T SEARCH. T o recor d in a blank space Blank space on the tape will appear as a blank row in the SMAR T SEARCH screen. Select the blank r ow in step 3, then press OK. The VCR rewinds/ fast-[...]

51 Additional Operations AB C AD C Tips • Y ou can store information for up to 24 pr ogrammes on a single list. • While r ecording, you can display the SMAR T SEARCH screen using the SMAR T SEARCH button. If you decide to stop recording, press SMAR T SEARCH to make the SMAR T SEARCH screen disappear first. Then press p STOP . Notes • If you b[...]

Additional Operations 52 Sear ching using the index function The VCR marks the tape with an index signal at the point where each r ecording begins. Use these signals as refer ences to find a specific recor ding. = / + INDEX SEARCH 1 Insert an indexed tape into the VCR. 2 Press = / + INDEX SEARCH. • T o search ahead, pr ess + INDEX SEARCH. • T o[...]

53 Additional Operations Adjusting the pictur e Adjusting the tracking Although the VCR automatically adjusts the tracking when playing a tape (the indicator flashes in the display window , then goes off), distortion may occur if the tape was recor ded in poor condition. In this case, manually adjust the tracking. During playback, press TRACKING +/[...]

Additional Operations 54 About the Optimum Picture Contr ol (OPC) function The Optimum Picture Contr ol (OPC) function automatically improves r ecording and playback quality by adjusting the VCR to the condition of the video heads and tape. T o maintain better picture quality , we recommend that you set OPC to ON in the OPTIONS-1 menu (with the OPC[...]

55 Additional Operations Changing menu options 1 Press MENU, then select OPTIONS and press OK. 2 Press > / . to highlight OPTIONS-1 or OPTIONS-2, then pr ess OK. 3 Press > / . to select the option, then pr ess OK. 4 Press > / . to change the setting, then press OK. 5 Press MENU to r eturn to the original screen. RETURN SET : SELECT : OK ME[...]

Additional Operations 56 Menu option OPC EDIT AUDIO MIX (SL V -SE70EE only) AUTO LONG PLA Y T APE LENGTH COLOUR SYSTEM Set this option to • ON to switch on the OPC (Optimum Picture Contr ol) function and improve pictur e quality . • OFF to switch of f OPC. • ON to minimize pictur e deterioration when editing. • OFF to turn off EDIT . • ON[...]

57 Additional Operations Menu option POWER SA VE RF MODULA TOR TV DIRECT REC (SL V -SE50EE only) RR Notes • When you set a timer r ecording, the indicators in the display window remain on, even though POWER SA VE is set to ON. • W ith the EDIT option ON, the OPC function does not work. Set this option to • ON to turn off the indicators in the[...]

Editing 58 Connecting to a VCR or ster eo system How to connect to recor d on this VCR Editing SLV-SE70EE (Recorder) TV : Signal flow LINE-2 IN Other VCR (Player) Audio/video cable (not supplied) LINE OUT SLV-SE50EE (Recorder) TV : Signal flow Audio/video cable (not supplied) LINE OUT Other VCR (Player) LINE-2 IN[...]

59 Editing Notes • Make sure you connect the plugs to jacks of the same colour . • If the other VCR is a monaural type, leave the red plugs unconnected (SL V -SE70EE only). • If the other VCR is a ster eo type, leave the red plugs unconnected (SL V -SE50EE only). • If you connect this VCR to both the LINE IN and LINE OUT jacks of the other [...]

Editing 60 Basic editing (when r ecording on this VCR) Before you start editing • T urn on your TV and set it to the video channel. • Press INPUT SELECT to display “L2” (or “L1”) in the display window . • Press SP/LP to select the tape speed, SP or LP . • On this VCR, set EDIT to ON in the OPTIONS-1 menu. If the other VCR has a simi[...]

61 Editing Audio dubbing (SL V -SE50EE only) This feature lets you r ecord over the normal audio track. The monaural sound previously r ecorded is replaced while the original sound remainds unchanged. Use this feature to add commentary to a tape that you have recor ded with a camcorder . Before you start… • Connect a playback source to the LINE[...]

Editing 62 5 Press AUDIO DUB. The programme position changes to “L2,” and the indicator appears in the display window . 6 T o start editing, press the P P AUSE buttons on this VCR and the stereo system (or other VCR) at the same time. When the counter r eaches “0H00M00S,” audio dubbing stops automatically . T o stop while editing Press p ST[...]

63 Additional Information Clock T roubleshooting If you have any questions or problems not cover ed below , please consult your nearest Sony service facility . Additional Information Symptom The I / u ON/ST ANDBY switch does not function. The power is turned on but the VCR does not operate. The clock has stopped and “–:– –” lights in the [...]

64 Additional Information T roubleshooting (continued) Recording Symptom The picture is no colour . The picture r olls vertically during picture sear ch. The picture has no sound. No TV programme appears on the TV screen. TV reception is poor . The tape starts playing as soon as it is inserted. The tape is ejected when you press r REC. Nothing happ[...]

65 Additional Information Symptom A tape cannot be inserted. The remote commander does not function. The SMAR TLINK function does not work. (SL V -SE50EE only) The tracking meter does not appear on the TV screen. Y ou cannot control other TVs. The VCR needs to be cleaned. Others Remedy • Check that a tape isn’t alr eady in the tape compartment.[...]

66 Additional Information Specifications System Channel coverage P AL (B/G, D/K) VHF E2-E12, R1-R12 UHF E21-E69, R21-R69 CA TV S1-S41, S01-S05 RF output signal UHF channels 21 to 69 Aerial out 75-ohm asymmetrical aerial socket IInputs and outputs : LINE-1 (TV) 21-pin V ideo input: pin 20 Audio input: pins 2 and 6 V ideo output: pin 19 Audio output:[...]

67 Additional Information Index to parts and contr ols Refer to the pages indicated in parentheses ( ) for details. Front panel (SL V -SE70EE) 9 P P AUSE button (31, 60) !º PROGRAM/TRACKING +/– buttons (15, 44, 53) !¡ REALITY REGENERA TOR button (53) !™ AUTO SET UP/ RF (Radio Frequency) CHANNEL button (14, 16) !£ LINE-2 IN VIDEO/AUDIO L/R ja[...]

68 Additional Information Index to parts and controls (continued) Front panel (SL V -SE50EE) !¡ P P AUSE button (31, 60) !™ VIR TUAL STEREO button (32) !£ PROGRAM/TRACKING +/– buttons (15, 44, 53) !¢ REALITY REGENERA TOR button (53) !∞ AUTO SET UP/ RF (Radio Frequency) CHANNEL button (14, 16) !§ LINE-2 IN VIDEO/AUDIO (MONO) jacks (58) !¶[...]

69 Additional Information Display window 1 T imer indicator (40) 2 STEREO indicator (SL V -SE70EE only) (48) 3 T ape speed indicators (35) 4 VIDEO indicator (1 1, 36) 5 OPC (Optimum Picture Contr ol) indicator (54) 6 SMAR TLINK indicator (SL V -SE50EE only) (12) 7 TV indicator (SL V -SE50EE only) (33) 8 Audio dubbing indicator (SL V - SE50EE only) [...]

70 Additional Information Index to parts and controls (continued) Rear panel 1 Mains lead (9, 10) 2 AERIAL IN ANTENNE ENTREE connector (9, 10) 3 AERIAL OUT ANTENNE SOR TIE connector (9, 10) 4 NTSC PB (Play Back) switch (31) 5 : LINE-1 (TV) : LIGNE-1 (TV) connector (10, 59) 6 SL V -SE70EE: LINE-2 OUT VIDEO/AUDIO L/R jacks (13) SL V -SE50EE: LINE-2 O[...]

71 Additional Information Remote commander 1 6 EJECT button (31) 2 WIDE button ( for TV ) (7) 3 AUDIO MONITOR button (48) 4 × 2 button* (43) 5 & SLOW button* (43) 6 SP (Standar d Play)/LP (Long Play) button (35) 7 DISPLA Y button (36) 8 ? (ten’s digit) button (6, 37) 9 . (volume) +/– buttons (for TV) (7) 0 r REC (recor d) button (35, 45) ![...]

72 Additional Information !£ TV / VIDEO remote contr ol switch (5) !¢ I / u (on/standby) switch (6, 40) !∞ COUNTER/REMAIN button (36) V (T eletext) button (for TV) (7) !§ AUDIO DUB button (SL V -SE50EE only) (62) ; TV power on/TV mode select button (for TV) (7) !¶ = / + INDEX SEARCH buttons* (52) !• CLEAR button (47) !ª … TV/VIDEO button[...]

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A, B Adjusting picture 23, 54 tracking 53 Aerial hookup 9 AFT (Auto Fine T uning) 23 Audio dubbing 61 Audio track 48 Auto Set Up 16 Auto Long Play 56 C Changing the programme position 24 Changing the station names 26 Cleaning the video heads 63 Clock setting 17 Colour system compatible colour systems 2 setting 31 Connecting the VCR and your TV 9 to[...]