Agilent Technologies Agilent 8648A manual

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1 HP 8920A & HP 8920B R F Comm uni catio ns Test Set, Appl i ca tio n H an dbo ok HP Part No. 08920-90126 Printed in U. S. A. April 1 996 Rev C DUPL E TX RX PR EV TESTS CONFI HELP MSSG HOLD PRINT SCR EEN CO NTRO L LOCAL ADR S REC AL SA VE MEAS PRE SE INSTRUMENT ST ATE DATA FUNCTIONS IN CR REF INCR METER INCR AVG LO HI CURSOR CO N- PU SH T O CAN[...]

2 Copyright © He wlett -Packard Company 1994 Not i ce Informat ion conta ined i n this document i s subject t o c hange without no- tice. All Rights Reser ve d. Repr oduc tion, adaptati on, or transl ation without prior wr itten perm ission is pr ohibited, exc e pt a s allowed under t he copy- right laws. This materia l m ay be reprod uc ed by or [...]

3 Manufacturer’ s De clar ation This stat e ment i s provided to comply wit h the requirements of the German Sound Emissi on Directive , fr om 18 January 1991. This product ha s a sound pressur e emission (at the opera tor position) < 70 dB(A). • Sound Pressure Lp < 70 dB(A). • At Opera tor Position. • Nor ma l Oper at ion. • Accord[...]

4 Sa fet y Considerations GENERAL This pr oduct and related documentation must be r eviewed f or familia r - ization with sa fety markings and inst ructi ons before operation. This product is a Safe ty Class I instr ument ( pr ovide d with a protect ive earth ter m inal). SAFETY EARTH GROUND A unterr uptible s afety e arth gr ound must be provi ded[...]

5 CAUTI ON A CAUTION note denot es a hazard. It c alls at tentiont o an operatio n proce dure, practic e , or t he like , which, i f not correctl y performed o r adher ed to, coul d re sul t in damage to or des truct ion of par t or all of the prod uct. Do not proc eed beyond a n CAUT ION note un til the indic ated condit ions are full y unde rstoo[...]

6 CERT IFIC ATIO N He wlett- Pac k ard C ompa ny cer tifi es that this produc t me t its publi shed specific ations at the time of shipment from the factory . Hewlett-Pac kard further certif ie s that its c alibration measure men ts are traceabl e to the United S tates N ational I nst itute o f St andards and T echnology , to th e ex - tent allo w [...]

7 LIMITATION OF WARR ANTY The fore going wa r ranty sha ll not a pply to defects resul ting f r om im- proper or inadequa te maintenanc e by B uyer, B uye r-suppl ied softwar e or inte rfac ing, un a uthorize d modifica tion or misus e, op eration outside of the envir onm ental spe c ifi c ati ons f or the produ ct, or impr ope r site pr e p- arat [...]

8 DE C LAR AT I O N O F CON FORMI TY Man u fa ct urer’ s Nam e: Hewl et t-P ack ar d Comp an y Man u fa ct urer’ s Address: Spokane Divi sion 24001 E. Missi on Ave. Liberty La ke , WA 99019-9599 Declares that the produc t(s): Product Name: RF Communication s Test Set Model Number(s): HP 8920A, 8920B Product Option s: All Conforms to the followi[...]

9 In th is Boo k This boo k is a guide f or perfor m ing c om mon radio tests using the Test Set. This guide con ta ins the following ch apt e rs and appendic e s. Chapter 1, Getting Started W ith The Test Set This chapt er c ontains a descri ption of the manu a l conte nts, a genera l descript ion of the Test Set, and a gener al descripti on of th[...]

10 Chapter 8, Configu r ing For M eas u re ments This chapt er co ntains the inf o r m ation requi red to ins tall th e Te st Set in pr e paration of pe rforming mea sure ments. In formation provide d includes ins tructions f or power and p rinter c onnection, and initial power-u p and confi guration. Chapter 9, Reference s This cha pter list s any[...]

11 Contents 1 Getti n g St a rted W i th Th e Te st Set Conventions Used In This Manual 24 Product Description 25 The Test Set’s Features 28[...]

Contents 12 2 Measuremen t s Considerat ion s Measurement Guideline 1 44 Measurement Guideline 2 45 Measurement Guideline 3 46 Measurement Guideline 4 48[...]

13 Contents 3 Testin g FM Radios Introduc tion 50 List of Tests 51 FM Transm itters 52 FM Rec ei v ers 79[...]

Contents 14 4 Tes ti ng A M Rad ios Introduc tion 116 List of Tests 117 AM Transmitters 118 AM Receivers 136[...]

15 Contents 5 Tes ting S SB R ad ios Introduc tion 16 0 List of Tests 161 SSB T ran sm itt ers 1 62 SSB Re cei v er s 173[...]

Contents 16 6 Spec tru m An al yzer M easu rem e nts Introduc tion 188 List of Measurements 189 Using the Spectr um Analyzer 190 Using the Tracking Gen e rator 205[...]

17 Contents 7 Osci lloscope Measurements Introduc tion 23 4 Using th e Oscillo scope 235[...]

Contents 18 8 Con fi gu ring for M ea sur em en ts Prepari ng the Test Set for DC Operati on 244[...]

19 Contents 9 Ref ere nce s Manuals 250 Applicati on Note 251 Specific ations a nd Standar ds 252[...]

Contents 20 10 HP 8920A Specificat ions Signal Ge nerator S pecific ations 255 Audio Source Speci f icati ons 261 RF A n aly zer Sp e ci fica tions 262 AF Analyzer Specif ications 268 Oscillo sc ope Specif ications 271 Spectrum Analyz e r Specif ications (Option 102) 272 Signaling ( Option 004) 276 DC Current Meter (Option 103) 277 Remote Programmi[...]

21 Contents 11 HP 8920B Specific ations Signal Gener a tor Specifica tions 28 5 Audio S ource Spec ifications 291 RF A na lyz er Spec if icat ions 292 AF Analyz er Specif ications 297 Oscill oscope Specif ication s 300 Spectrum Analyzer S pecific ations ( Option 102) 301 Signaling (Optio n 004) 304 DC Current Meter 305 Remote P r ogramming 306 Mem [...]

Contents 22[...]

23 1 Getting Started With Th e Test S et This chapte r provides the use r with a gener a l intro duct ion to the instr um ent. I nformation provided includ e s a gener a l de scription of the Test Set, and a general de scription of the fr ont and rear panel f e ature s.[...]

Conventions Used I n This Manual 24 Convent ions Used I n Thi s Manu al The Test Set ke ys, screen titl es, fields, and shifted fu nc tions a re shown using th e followin g conventi ons: (Refer to t he RX TE ST s cre en a n d the i nstrument f ront pan e l.) • Screen tit les are s hown in bol d upper -case type − RX T EST • Field names and s [...]

Product Descr iption 25 Pro duct Des cr iption The Test Set is a s ingle instrum e nt t ha t c om bines t he feature s of 22 individua l radio test instr ument s. The Test Set is de signe d to meet the communicat ion test needs of both servi ce and manufa ct uring environm e nts, a nd the capabil ity to test land mobil e rad ios, cellul ar phones, [...]

Product Descr iption 26 Fea tu r es The fe a tures c urre ntly a vailable f or the Test Set include: • Synthesize d AM /FM signal gene rat or to 1000 MHz • Function gen erator (HP 8920A opt ion) • AM/FM modulati on an alyzer • Duplex offse t ge nerator • Signalli ng encode r and decoder (HP 8920A o ption) • SSB demodula tor • R F powe[...]

Product Descr iption 27 Sp ec ifi c a ti on s Abbrevia ted specif ications for the Test Set are provi ded in " H P 8920A Specifi cations" on p age 253 and "HP 8920B S p ec ifi cations" on page 283 . See the HP 8920A /B RF Communicatio ns Test Set Assembl y Level Repair Guide fo r a complete lis t of speci f icati ons.[...]

The Test Set ’s Features 28 The Test Set’s Features This section co ntains a brief descr iptio n of the Test Set ’s keys, connecto r s, c ont rols, a nd screens. Addi tional ope rating i nfo r mation for all keys, co nnector s, controls, and scree ns can be found in the Test Set’s user guide. Featur e Contents " The Test’ s Sets Fron[...]

The Test Set’s Features 29 The Test ’s Sets Fro nt-Pane l Featu res Sc re ens The CRT displays the var ious test screens, measurement resul ts, waveforms , and mess a ges. Th e a br ief descr iption i s provided in the follo w ing: • “Screens that are Sta ndar d to the Test S et” on page 30 . • “Screens that Requir e an Option” on p[...]

The Test Set ’s Features 30 Sc re en s t ha t a r e S tan d ar d to th e Te st S e t •R X T e s t − recei ver test scre en wit h RF and aud io out put contro ls and re ceiv er measu r ement res u lt s. •T X T e s t − tran s mitter t est scre en with RF and aud io input/ outpu t con trol s an d tr a nsmi t t er meas u r ement resu lt s. ?[...]

The Test Set’s Features 31 Screens that Requi re an Option • S pe ct r u m A na ly z er − used t o dis play the spec trum ana lyzer measur ement functio n, with cent er freque ncy, span , referenc e level, mar ker, and tra cking generator co ntrols. • Encoder − used to dis pl ay the signa lli ng encoder func tion, wit h funct ion genera t[...]

The Test Set ’s Features 32 User K e ys User k1 - k5 keys − r efer red to as l ocal k eys , thes e key s e nab le you to instant ly enabl e a field for fast or repeti tive acces s. Local keys functi on for fields on the screen being displ ayed only. User k1’ - k3’ k eys − ref erre d t o as global key s, th ese key s e na ble you to displa[...]

The Test Set’s Features 33 Data Function Keys •T h e I N C R ÷ 10, INCR SET, an d INCR X1 0 keys change t he in crement/ decremen t field value (unit s, tens , hundr eds, etc). • The k eys incr ement /de crem ent fi el d val ues, se lect amon g various f ie ld c hoic es , or move th e c ursor withi n fiel ds. • The LO LIMIT a nd HI LIMIT k[...]

The Test Set ’s Features 34 Kno bs The Cursor Cont ro l K nob • Mov es the cursor to an othe r fie ld (rotate CW/CCW). • Selects fie lds, screens , and sett ings from a list of choic es . (pus h). • Increments a nd decrements num e r ic fi eld value s (pus h to select, rotate the kno b t o in cr em ent o r d e crem en t t he v a lue , t h e[...]

The Test Set’s Features 35 Sc re en C o n tro l K e y s These ke ys are used to access several instrumen t control a nd informati on scre e ns. • RX key − disp lays t he RX TEST sc reen for test o f rec eivers. • TX key − d i sp la ys th e T X T EST scr ee n fo r t est o f t r ans m it te rs. • DUPLE X key − di s p la ys the D UPLEX T[...]

The Test Set ’s Features 36 In strumen t Sta te Keys • LOCAL key − ret urns t he inst rum ent to manua l con t rol a fter HP- IB c ont r ol is us ed. • R ECALL key − lists a nd sele cts a pre viou sly stor ed instru ment set up. • MEAS RESET key − clea rs t he me asur emen t “hist ory” fo r all of the ins trument’s measure m ent[...]

The Test Set’s Features 37 Data Keys Data Entry k eys − use d to enter or c ha nge alpha num e ric da ta (0-9, A-F, “.”, “+” , or “ − ”) for measure ments or fie ld ent ries . The EEX ke y i s used to enter the exp one nt for sci ent ific notation. Terminatio n keys − used to input the entered dat a in the units sele c ted. Also[...]

The Test Set ’s Features 38 Connectors RF IN/OUT C onnector − type - N female connector f or output signa ls from the RF Generator , and input sig na ls (60 Watts conti nuous, or 100 Watts for 10 sec/min) to the RF Analyzer. Nominal impeda nce is 50 Ω. . DUPLEX OUT Connect or − f e male BNC c onnector f or output RF Generator and Tracking G[...]

The Test Set’s Features 39 Non-Brac k ete d Keys and Memory Card Slo t No n- B ra cke te d K e ys The POWER key − turns the instr ument on or off. The SHI F T ke y is used to s elect the blue-l abele d funct ions liste d a bove certain ke ys. The CANCEL key i s used to cance l an entr y in progress, or stop a running IBASIC pr ogr am. The key i[...]

The Test Set ’s Features 40 The Te st Set’s Re ar-Panel Features Connectors • HP-IB Co nne ctor ( opti onal ) − 24-pin connec tor pro vide s com mun ic ation betwe en the Test Set and othe r instru m ents or a comput er using the IE EE 488 He wlett-Packard Int e rface Bu s (HP- IB ). • SERI AL P OR T Con ne ct or ( opti onal ) − 6-pi n [...]

The Test Set’s Features 41 • EXT SCOPE TRIGGER INPUT Co nnect or − female B N C conne ctor to input an ext ernal osc illosco pe trigge r. Maximum input le vel is ≈ 20 V peak . • 10 MHz REF OUTPUT Connector − female BNC c onnector o utputs a 10 M Hz reference s ignal fo r locking external i n struments. • 10 MHz R EF INPUT Connector ?[...]

The Test Set ’s Features 42[...]

43 2 Measuremen ts Considerations The following guid elines must be adhered to when perfo rming an y of the FM /AM / SS B T ran smi t ter an d Rece ive r, Sp ec t rum A nal y zer, or Oscill oscope Measur e ments.[...]

Measurement Gui deline 1 44 Measurement G u ideline 1 Co nn ect or Co nsi de rat ion s CAUTI O N: The R F pre se nt at any T e st Set inpu t connect or must not exce e d t he specifi ed level or permanent instr ument damage may result. If necess ary, use an ext ernal atte nuator. If overpo wer occurs, dis connect the Tra nsmitte r, t hen c ycle Tes[...]

Measurement Gui deline 2 45 Measurement G u ideline 2 Cabling and Adapter Considerations For most FM, AM, and SSB measurements, only the standard Test Set with correc t interconnecti ng cable s and adap te r s are requi r ed. Ou tput Pow er If output power is gr e ater than 60W (continuous) , an externa l attenua tor is also require d. Any othe r a[...]

Measurement Gui deline 3 46 Measurement G u ideline 3 Specia l Test Considerat ion s Informat ion for perfor mi ng any of the F M, AM, or S SB measure ments: Coaxial Cab le Use sho r t r uns of high q ua lity coaxial c able and high quality adapte r s when connecting the device conn ecte d to the Test Set to ensur e the most ac c urate power measur[...]

Measurement Gui deline 3 47 interna l speaker conne c tion, either the Test Set AUDIO IN si gnal must be conne cted ac r oss t he speake r (in this c a se, e nter t he impedanc e value o f the s peaker in lieu of the te st load resistanc e ), or the in ternal speaker must be physically dis connected. Measuring Audio Output Power When measuring audi[...]

Measurement Gui deline 4 48 Measurement G u ideline 4 Additional Measurement Considerations Pressin g the PRESET and TX or RX keys at the beginn ing of each test automati c ally configure s the Test Set for “sta nda r d” tra nsm itte r / receive r measuremen ts. The contro ls a nd setti ngs that need to be adjusted dur ing p erfo r manc e of th[...]

49 3 Testi ng FM Rad ios[...]

Introduction 50 Int rodu ction Each pr oc edure may c ontain the following informati on: • A brief meas urement overvi ew and a referen ce to appli c able T I A/EIA spec- i f icat io n s for ea ch tes t. • A list o f the Tes t S e t optio ns and addi tional t est equi pm ent require d to per- form the proc edure. • Any special t est conside r[...]

List of Test s 51 List of Tests FM Transmitter M easurements "FM Off T he Air Monito ring/Determining Unkno wn Transmitter Carri e r Frequen cy" on pa ge 53 . "FM O utput Po wer, Deviation, and Freq uency/Frequency Er ror Measuremen t" on page 56 . "FM Devi ation an d Symmetry Measur e ment" on page 59 . "FM M icr[...]

FM Transmitters 52 FM Tran smitters The following measu rements are provided f or te sting FM Transm itter s. The procedures a r e arrang ed in the order that test s are typical ly pe r- fo rmed .[...]

FM Transmitter s 53 FM Off The Air Monitoring/D e t erm ining U nknown T ran sm itter Carrie r Fre- quency Descri ption This pr ocedure is used t o locate, demodula te, and mea sure an FM signal ’ s out put c arrier fr equ ency . T he low l evel signal is inpu t to the front- panel ANT IN co nne ctor, l ocated, t hen demodu la ted usi ng the spec[...]

FM Transmitters 54 M easuremen t Procedure: 1 Co nnect the Antenna to the ANT IN con nector . CAUTI O N: Do not exceed the conne ctor’s rated i nput or permanent instru m ent damage ma y res ul t. On th e T e s t Se t: 2 Press the PRESET key. ❒ If monito ring an FM broadca st signal pe rform the fol lowing step s: a Press the TX k ey. b Use the[...]

FM Transmitter s 55 Once the desire d carrier is f ound: 7 Fro m Contr ols , se lect Ma in . 8 Se le ct Marker from the Choice s field. 9 Us e t h e Marke r To field to select the desi red c arri er. On the Test Set freque nc y and le vel are di sp la yed as shown. 10 To de m odu late the ca rri er: a With t he ma rker o n the de sire d car rier, s[...]

FM Transmitters 56 FM Out put Power, De viation, an d Freq uency/Frequency Error Meas urement Description This pr ocedure i s used to measure a n FM Trans m itter’ s output carrie r power and frequen cy (or frequency err or) into 50 Ω . For FM Transmitt e rs, d eviation a nd mo dulating fr e quency a re a lso measure d. FM refer e nce i s ANSI/[...]

FM Transmitter s 57 Measurement P rocedure: 1 Connect the Transm it ter Under Test as sh own. CAUTI ON: The RF pr esent at th e Test Se t RF IN/ OUT con nector must n ot exce ed 60W conti nuous (or 100 Watts for 10 sec/ mi nute ). On the Test Set: 2 P ress the PRES ET k ey. 3 Press the TX key. Using the knob and dat a ent r y key s : 4 Se t AFGen1 [...]

FM Transmitters 58 8. Dete rm ine if actual frequenc y readout or freque ncy error is the desire d me asu rem en t. ❒ For actua l freq ue ncy readout , continue with ste p 9 ❒ For frequency error: •S e t Tune M ode t o Manual. •S e t Tune F req to the expect e d carrier fre quency. On the Radio: 9 Key t he T ran s mitte r. As long as th e T[...]

FM Transmitter s 59 FM Deviat ion an d Sym metry Measure ment This pr ocedure is used t o measure a n FM Tra nsm itter’ s frequency deviatio n and de viation symmetry. F M devia tion is d isplayed o n the Test Set. Deviati on symmetry r e quires mea suring the plus and minus peaks, the n calc ulating symmetry. DUPLEX TX RX PR EV TESTS CONF IG HEL[...]

FM Transmitters 60 M easuremen t Procedure: 1 Conne ct the Trans m itter Under Te st as shown . CAUTI O N: T he RF pr ese nt at th e Te st Set RF I N/O UT co nne ct or mus t n ot ex ce ed 60 W contin uous (or 100 Watts for 10 sec/m in ute). On th e T e s t Se t: 2 Press the PRESET key. 3 Press the TX k ey. On the Radio: 4 Ke y the T ransmit ter an [...]

FM Transmitter s 61 9 Record the dis played FM Deviat ion as Pk+. Cal cu l at e th e Me as u rem ent : 10 Calcul at e the Deviati on S ymme try a s fol lows: Deviati on Symmetr y (i n perc e nt) = For exam ple, = (Pk +) - (Pk -) (Pk +) X 100 (3.010 ) - (2. 971) (3.010 X 100 = 1.29[...]

FM Transmitters 62 FM M icroph one Sens itivity a nd Modu lation Limit ing Meas urement Description This pr ocedure i s used to measure a n FM Trans m itter’ s au dio input sensiti vity, and modulation limiting capa bility (if avai la ble ) . Modulation limitin g is ver ified over the Tra nsm itter ’ s a udio freque ncy range. FM referenc e is [...]

FM Transmitter s 63 Measurement P rocedure: 1 Connect the T ransmitte r as shown. CAUTI ON: The RF pr esent at th e Test Se t RF IN/ OUT con nector must n ot exce ed 60W conti nuous (or 100 Watts for 10 sec/ mi nute ). On the Test Set: 2 P ress the PRES ET k ey. 3 Press the TX key. Using the knob and dat a key s : 4 Se t Fi lte r 1 to 300 Hz HPF. 5[...]

FM Transmitters 64 8 Set AFGen1 L vl mea surement units to dBm . 9 Increase AFGen1 Lvl by 20 dB . Disp layed FM devi ation shoul d not ex ce e d the Tra ns m itt er’s m axim um spe ci fied devi at ion. 10 Ch ang e AFGen1 F req from 300 Hz to 3 kHz (in 100 Hz increment s ). 11 Verify that the display ed FM d e viation does no t exc e ed the Tran s[...]

FM Transmitter s 65 FM CTCSS Encoder F re quency and Deviation Measurement Descri ption This pr ocedure is used t o measure a n FM Tra nsm itter’ s C ontinuo us Tone Code d Squelch System (C TC SS) encode r frequ e ncy and frequenc y devia tion. Both freq uency and devi ation are rea d directl y off the Te st Set scree n . FM refere n ce is AN SI[...]

FM Transmitters 66 M easuremen t Procedure: 1 Conne ct the Trans m itter as shown. CAUTI O N: T he RF pr ese nt at th e Te st Set RF I N/O UT co nne ct or mus t n ot ex ce ed 60 W contin uous (or 100 Watts for 10 sec/m in ute). On th e T e s t Se t: 2 Press the PRESET key. 3 Press the TX k ey. On the Radio: 4 Key the Transm itter and keep key ed un[...]

FM Transmitter s 67 FM CDC SS Coding and Deviat ion Meas ur eme nts Descri ption This pr ocedure is used t o analyz e an F M Tr ansmitter’ s C ontinuous Digita l Coded Sque lch Syst e m (CDCSS) di gital data strea m and frequenc y de viat ion. The dat a rat e, bina r y data str eam, and octa l code are all displa yed on the Test Set sc ree n. DUP[...]

FM Transmitters 68 M easuremen t Procedure: 1 Conne ct the Trans m itter as shown. CAUTI O N: T he RF pr ese nt at th e Te st Set RF I N/O UT co nne ct or mus t n ot ex ce ed 60 W contin uous (or 100 Watts for 10 sec/m in ute). On th e T e s t Se t: 2 Press the PRESET key. Using the knob an d the data entry keys: 3 Se lect th e AF ANL scr ee n . 4 [...]

FM Transmitter s 69 NOTE: Beca use framing informati on to i ndicate whe n a c ode word is not sent , the decod ed da ta displ ayed can result in seve ra l possib le c ode combin ations as shown. NPC may ap pe ar, indicati ng that no primary c ode matche s the decod ed data. To measure deviati on of the data strea m on the Tes t Set: 13 Press the T[...]

FM Transmitters 70 FM D TMF En codes an d De viation Me asurem ent Description This pr ocedure i s used to measure a n FM Trans m itter’ s Dual Tone Multi-Fre quency (DTMF) frequency, deviatio n and freque ncy sequence (i f desire d) . DUPLEX TX RX PRE V TESTS CO NFI G HELP MSSG HOLD PRI NT SCREE N CONT RO L LOCAL ADRS REC AL L SA VE ME AS RES E [...]

FM Transmitter s 71 Measurement P rocedure: 1 Connect the T ransmitte r as shown. CAUTI ON: The RF pr esent at th e Test Se t RF IN/ OUT con nector must n ot exce ed 60W conti nuous (or 100 Watts for 10 sec/ mi nute ). On the Test Set: 2 P ress the PRES ET k ey. 3 Press the TX key. Using the knob and dat a ent r y key s : 4 Se t Fi lte r 1 to 300 H[...]

FM Transmitters 72 On the Radio: 13 Key the Transm itter and keep key ed until the rema ining s te ps are com plet- ed. 14 Pre s s the desi red DT MF key. The symbol a nd tone pair freque nc ies will be di spl ay ed on the Test Set as shown . To Sc ree n SIGNALING DECO DE R Sym RF GEN RF ANL AF AN L SCO PE SPEC ANL ENCODER DECODER RADIO INT More In[...]

FM Transmitter s 73 To Measure devi ation of the DTMF on the Test Set: 15 Press the TX key. Tone deviat ion is display ed a s FM Deviatio n . ❒ If decodi ng a sequ ence of DTMF tones, proceed as foll ows: a Se t Gate Tim e to a value long enough to ca ptur e the ent i re seque nce (typica lly 1 to 5 second s ). b Se t Ar m Meas to Sin gle. c Se t[...]

FM Transmitters 74 FM A udio Distortion Measurement Description This pr ocedu re is use d to m easure a n FM Transmi tter ’ s audio f requency harmonic d istorti on level. FM re feren ce is ANSI/EIA-RS- 152-C, RS-316- B. DUPLEX TX RX PRE V TESTS CON FI G HELP MSSG H OLD PR INT SCRE EN CONTROL LOCAL ADRS REC AL L SA VE MEAS RES E T PRESET INSTRU M[...]

FM Transmitter s 75 Measurement P rocedure: 1 Connect the T ransmitte r as shown. CAUTI ON: The RF pr esent at th e Test Se t RF IN/ OUT con nector must n ot exce ed 60W conti nuous (or 100 Wat ts for 10 sec/ minute) or p ermanent ins t rument da mage may re s ult. On the Test Set: 2 P ress the PRES ET k ey. 3 Press the TX key. Using the knob and d[...]

FM Transmitters 76 FM Harm onics and Spurious Outpu t Meas uremen t Description This pr ocedure i s used to measure a n FM Trans m itter’ s co nducted harmonic a nd spuriou s emissions . The spe ctrum a na lyzer o ption is used t o display harmonic a nd spurious components f rom 400 kHz to 1000 MHz. FM ref erenc e is A NSI/ EIA -RS- 1 52- C, R S-[...]

FM Transmitter s 77 Measurement P rocedure: 1 Connect the T ransmitte r as shown. CAUTI ON: The RF pr esent at th e Test Se t RF IN/ OUT con nector must n ot exce ed 60W conti nuous (or 100 Wat ts for 10 sec/ minute) or p ermanent ins t rument da mage may re s ult. On the Test Set: 2 P ress the PRES ET k ey. 3 Press the TX key. On the Radi o: 4 Key[...]

FM Transmitters 78 To s et Ref Level : • Fr o m th e Mar ker s creen, sele ct Marker To Peak • Sel ect Mar k er To Re f Lev el 11 Tune Center Freq in 1 MH z steps anywhere from 400 kHz to 1 GHz in se arch o f harmoni c s, sub-h armonics, multipl e s, or spurious emissions . NOTE: If spurious e m issi ons are suspe ct, un-key the Transmit ter, a[...]

FM R ec e i ve rs 79 FM Receivers The following mea surements are provi ded for test ing F M Receivers . The procedur e s are arra nge d in the order that te sts a re typic a lly per- form ed.[...]

FM Receivers 80 FM A udio Out put P ower Measurem ent Description This pr ocedure i s used to measure a n FM Recei ve r’ s maximum a udio output power ( or rate d output pow er) i nto a Test Load. Output powe r is display e d (in variou s measurement unit s, including watt s) on the Test Set screen. The FM referenc e is RS-204D and RS-316B. DUPLE[...]

FM R ec e i ve rs 81 Measurement P rocedure: 1 Connect the Rece iver as sho wn. On the Test Set: 2 P ress the PRES ET k ey. 3 Press the RX key. Using the knob and dat a ent r y key s : 4 Se t RF Gen Freq to the r ec eiv er operating frequency . 5 Se t Amplitude to − 47 dBm (1 mV). 6 Se t AFGen1 To 60 % o f the Receive r’s speci fied m aximum fr[...]

FM Receivers 82 On the Radio set the Receiv er’s Controls as fol lows : 9 Set power t o ON. 10 If requi re d, set fre quency to the same value as st ep 4 11 Se t sq ue lch to mini mu m . 12 Se t RF Gain to maxi mu m (if e quip ped) . 13 Set coded squelch feature (if equi pped) to OF F. Refer t o "C oded Squelch" on page 47 f or infor ma[...]

FM R ec e i ve rs 83 FM SINA D, Receiver Center Fre quency, and Modul ation Accepta nce B and- widt h Meas ure ment Descri ption This pr ocedure is used t o measure a n FM Rece iver’ s sensit ivity (f or 12dB SI NAD) , ce nter fr e quency, a nd modulat ion accept ance bandwidt h. All m easur emen ts a re read fr om the Test Set scr e en. Refer en[...]

FM Receivers 84 M easuremen t Procedure: 1 Conne ct the Rece iver as shown. On th e T e s t Se t: 2 Press the PRESET key. 3 Press the RX key. Using the knob an d data ent ry keys: 4 Set RF G en Fr eq t o the re ceiver operating frequency. 5 Set Amplitude to − 47 dBm (1 mV). 6 Set AFGen1 To 60 % of the Rec e ive r’s spe cified m aximum fre quenc[...]

FM R ec e i ve rs 85 Refer to the audi o output spec ifi cations for the rece ive r bei ng te st e d. On the Test Set us ing th e knob and data ent ry keys: 15 Decr ease A mplit ude u ntil the SINAD me ter rea ds 12 dB. Sensit ivity (12dB SINAD) is displ ayed as Amplit ude a s shown. • R ecor d the leve l (in uv) for use in step 17 . ❒ If desir[...]

FM Receivers 86 On the Te s t S et modula tion acce pta nce bandwidt h is displa yed as AFGen1 T o Deviation as s hown. Modula tion Ac cepta nce Bandwi dth To Sc reen RX TEST AC Level Filt er 1 50Hz HPF Filt er 2 15kH z HP F Atten Hold On/Off Ext Load R 8.0 0 Ω RF GEN RF ANL AF ANL SCOPE SPEC ANL ENCODER DECODER RADIO INT More W dB 0.6950 SINAD R[...]

FM R ec e i ve rs 87 FM Variation Of Sensitivity With Signal Frequency Measurement Descri ption This pr ocedure is used t o measure a n FM Rece iver’ s usable b andwidth (at 12 dB SINAD). A r efer ence is estab lish e d (at 12 d B SIN AD ), t he n the leve l is inc rea se d by 6 dB. Frequ ency is inc reas e d and de cre as ed until the SI N AD of[...]

FM Receivers 88 M easuremen t Procedure: 1 Conne ct the Rece iver as shown. On th e T e s t Se t: 2 Press the PRESET key. 3 Press the RX key. Using the knob an d data ent ry keys: 4 Set RF G en Fr eq t o the re ceiver operating frequency. 5 Set Amplitude to − 47 dBm (1 mV). 6 Set AFGen1 To 60 % of the Rec e ive r’s spe cified m aximum fre quenc[...]

FM R ec e i ve rs 89 On t he Ra d io s e t t h e R e ceiv e r’s C o ntr o ls as fo ll o ws: 9 Set power to ON. 10 If requi re d, set freque nc y t o the same value a s step 4 . 11 Set squelch to m inimum. 12 Set RF Gain t o maxim um (i f equipped ). 13 Set coded sque lch feature (if equ ipped) to OFF. NOTE: Failur e to set cod e d squelc h to off[...]

FM Receivers 90 ❒ If desired, use the meter a ve ragin g funct ion for the SINAD indi c ator. a Sele ct dB on the SINAD meter. b Pres s th e AVG key. ❒ If desired, s elect the numbe r of read ings to a vera ge. • Ent er th e num b er of re ad ing s to av e rag e. Higher number of r ea dings averaged will re quir e longer to reac h the fina l [...]

FM R ec e i ve rs 91 FM 20 dB Quieting Sensiti vity Measureme nt Descri ption This pr ocedure is used t o measure a n FM Rece iver’ s quieti ng sensit ivity (20 dB reduction in noise ) . A refe ren c e is e sta b lished with no signal at the Receiver’ s antenna , then an un-modul at e d carrie r is applied and t he RF amp litude is increase d u[...]

FM Receivers 92 M easuremen t Procedure: 1 Conne ct the Rece iver as shown. On th e Te st Set: 2 Press the PRESET key. 3 Press the RX key. Usin g the kno b and da ta e ntry keys: 4 Set RF G en Fr eq t o recei ve r ope rating fre quency. 5 Set AFGen1 to OFF. 6 Set Amplitud e to OF F . 7 Set Ext Load R to th e te s t loa d re s is ta nc e. 8 Set AC L[...]

FM R ec e i ve rs 93 On t he Ra d io s e t t h e R e ceiv e r’s C o ntr o ls as fo ll o ws: 9 Set power to ON. 10 If requi re d, set freque nc y t o same v alue as ste p 4 . 11 Set squelch to m inimum. 12 Set RF Gain t o maxim um (i f equipped ). 13 Set coded sque lch feature (if equ ipped) to OFF. Refer to "Coded Squelc h " on page 47 [...]

FM Receivers 94 FM Critic al and Maximum Squelc h Se ns itivit y Measurem en t Description This pr ocedure i s used to measure a n FM Recei ve r’ s crit ical squelc h and maxi m um squelch sensit ivity. For critic a l squelc h, the receiver is just squel c hed with minimum modulate d input at the Receiver’ s antenna, the n the input is incre as[...]

FM R ec e i ve rs 95 Measurement P rocedure: 1 Connect the Rece iver as sho wn. On the Test Set: 2 P ress the PRES ET k ey. 3 Press the RX key. Using the knob and dat a ent r y key s : 4 Se t RF Gen Freq to the r ec eiv er operating frequency . 5 Se t Amplitude to − 137 dB m . On t he Ra d io s e t t h e R e ceiv e r’s C o ntr o ls as fo ll o w[...]

FM Receivers 96 On the Test S e t u s ing the knob and da ta ent ry keys: 13 Sl owly increas e the Amplitud e un til s qu e lc h ju st re m a in s ope n . Cr itical Sque lch i s di splayed as Am plitude a s shown. • R e c o r d thi s le ve l. 14 Decrease Amplitude unt il t he Re ceiver’s squelch just c loses . • R e c o r d thi s le ve l. Cal[...]

FM R ec e i ve rs 97 FM CTCS S Sensit ivity and Band width Measure me nt Descri ption This proc edure is used to m easure an FM Recei ver’ s Conti nuous Tone Code d Sque lch Sy st em (CTCSS) sensi tivity and bandwidt h. For sensitiv ity, the mini mum si gna l input at the Re c eive r’ s anten na (modulated wit h tone ) that opens the s quelch i[...]

FM Receivers 98 M easuremen t Procedure: 1 Conne ct the Rece iver as shown. On th e T e s t Se t: 2 Press the PRESET key. 3 Press the RX key. Using the knob an d data ent ry keys: 4 Set RF G en Fr eq t o the re ceiver operating frequency. 5 Set Amplitude to − 47 dBm (1 mV). 6 Set AFGen1 To 60 % of the Rec e ive r’s spe cified m aximum fre quenc[...]

FM R ec e i ve rs 99 On t he Ra d io s e t t h e R e ceiv e r’s C o ntr o ls as fo ll o ws: 11 Set power to ON. 12 If requi re d, set freque nc y t o the same value a s step 4 13 If requi red, s e t CT CSS t one fr e quency t o the same va lue as st ep 4 14 Set RF Gain t o maxim um (i f equipped ). 15 Set sque lch cont rol to m inimum (if equipp [...]

FM Receivers 100 j u s t clo s es. • Record the fre quen cy. Calcu late th e Band widt h: 23 Bandwi dth = Larg er AFGen2 Fr eq - Smaller AFGen2 Freq NOTE: Calcula te d bandwidt h should be no less th an 1% or no more than 6% of the encoder freq ue ncy. To S cre en RX TEST AC Leve l Filt e r 1 50Hz HPF Filt e r 2 15kHz HPF Atten Hold On/Off Ext Lo[...]

FM R ec e i ve rs 101 FM CDCSS Sens itivit y Measu rement Descri ption This pr ocedure is used t o measure a n FM Rece iver’ s Continuou s Digita l Coded Sque lch Syst e m (CTCSS) s ensitivity. The m inimum signal input at the Recei ver’ s an tenna (modulated with digita l code) that opens th e squel ch is measur ed and displa yed. Sque lch hys[...]

FM Receivers 102 M easuremen t Procedure: 1 Conne ct the Rece iver as shown. On th e T e s t Se t: 2 Press the PRESET key. 3 Press the RX key. Using the knob an d data keys : 4 Se lect th e ENCO DER screen. 5 Set Mode to CDCSS . 6 Set St anda rd to CDCSS . 7 Set Code to the Receiver ’s CDCSS 3-digit octa l code. 8 Set S end Mode to Cont . 9 Set F[...]

FM R ec e i ve rs 103 Once the Sendi ng: 13 P res s th e PR EV key to r e tu rn t o t he RX TEST screen. 14 Se t RF Gen Freq to the receiv er operating freque ncy . 15 Se t Amplitude to − 47 dBm (1 mV). 16 Se t AFGen1 To 60 % o f the Receive r’s speci fied m aximum fr equency d e- viatio n (typi cally 3 kHz). 17 Se t Ext Load R to the tes t loa[...]

FM Receivers 104 On the Test S e t u s ing the knob and da ta ent ry keys: 24 Verify Receiver’s squel c h is closed. 25 Set Ampl itude to − 137 dBm. 26 Sl owly increas e the Amplitud e unti l the squel ch rema ins open and the SI- NAD indica tor shows 10 dB (minim um ). CDCSS Sensiti vity i s dis played a s Amplitude as shown. To Sc reen RX TES[...]

FM R ec e i ve rs 105 FM Audio Fr eque nc y R espons e Measu r eme nt Descri ption This pr ocedure is used t o measure a n FM Rece iver’ s audio f requenc y response . A refe ren ce is e sta blished a t 50% of the R e ceiver’ s r a ted audio outpu t, then the output is measured whil e the audio freq uency is varied o ver the recei v ers ran ge.[...]

FM Receivers 106 M easuremen t Procedure: 1 Conne ct the Rece iver as shown. On th e T e s t Se t: 2 Press the PRESET key. 3 Press the RX key. Using the knob an d data ent ry keys: 4 Set RF G en Fr eq t o the re ceiver operating frequency. 5 Set Amplitude to − 47 dBm (1 mV). 6 Set AFGen1 To 60 % of the Rec e ive r’s spe cified m aximum fre quen[...]

FM R ec e i ve rs 107 On the Test Set us ing th e knob and data ent ry keys: 15 Se t AFGen1 To 20% o f the Receive r’s maxim um fre quency deviati on (1 kHz for Receive rs with specifi ed m axi m um frequ enc y de viat ion of 5 kHz). 16 Sele ct AC Leve l. 17 P ress the REF SET key. 18 Chan ge AFGen1 Freq from 300 Hz to 3 kHz while obser vin g AC [...]

FM Receivers 108 FM A udio Distortion Measurement Description This pr ocedure i s used to measure a n FM Recei ve r’ s audio d istorti on. Distort ion is m easured a t full rate d audio out put and 17 dB below full rated audio output . Mea s urem ent is read direct ly from the HP 8920A scr een. Th e FM refer en ce is ANSI /EI A /TI A- 204D. DUPLE[...]

FM R ec e i ve rs 109 Measurement P rocedure: 1 Connect the Rece iver as sho wn. On the Test Set: 2 P ress the PRES ET k ey. 3 Press the RX key. Using the knob and dat a ent r y key s : 4 Se t RF Gen Freq to the r ec eiv er operating frequency . 5 Se t Amplitude to − 47 dBm (1 mV). 6 Se t AFGen1 To 60 % o f the Receive r’s speci fied m aximum f[...]

FM Receivers 110 On the Test S e t u s ing the knob and da ta ent ry keys: 14 Ch ange S INAD meter to read Distort ion . Dist ort ion is displ ayed as shown. 15 Select AC L evel . 16 Press the RE F SET key. 17 Decr ease t he Re ceive r’s v olume c ontrol until the Test S et’s AC Leve l meter reads − 17 dB . Dist ort ion display ed a s shown a[...]

FM R ec e i ve rs 111 FM Spuriou s Response Atte nuat ion Meas ur eme nt Descri ption This proce dure is used to measure an FM Receiver ’ s spur ious r e sponse attenua tion (the recei ve r’ s ability to pr event unwant e d sig na ls f rom causing response in the audio output) . A reference is establi shed, a nd high le vel mo dulated si gnal s[...]

FM Receivers 112 M easuremen t Procedure: CAUTI O N: Before c onnect ing the Signa l Ge nera tor, set RF Output power t o OFF (or maximum attenu a tion) . 1 Conne ct the Receive r and Signa l Gen erator as shown. On th e T e s t Se t: 2 Press the PRESET key. 3 Press the RX key. Using the knob an d data ent ry keys: 4 Set RF G en Fr eq t o the re ce[...]

FM R ec e i ve rs 113 On the Test Set us ing th e knob and data ent ry keys: 14 Decr ease A mplit ude u ntil the SINAD me ter rea ds 12 dB. ❒ If desired , use the meter averagi ng function for the SINAD indicator . a Select dB on t he SINAD meter. b Press t he AVG key. ❒ If des ire d, se l ect t h e num b er o f read i ngs t o av e rag e. • E[...]

FM Receivers 114 On the Signal Ge nerat o r: 17 Set RF Power to ON. 18 Se t Outpu t Level to 3 1.6 m V. 19 Set Outpu t Frequenc y to lowe s t f r equ ency bei ng checked (typ ic ally <1 M H z) . 20 Se t Modul ation to in te rnal FM. 21 Set Modul ation rate to 400 Hz. 22 Set Modulati on Deviat ion to 3 kHz. 23 Tune the S igna l Generator in 1 kHz[...]

115 4 Testing AM Radios[...]

Introduction 116 Int rodu ction Each pr oc edure may c ontain the following informati on: • A brief meas urement overvi ew and a referen ce to appli c able T I A/EIA spec- i f icat io n s for ea ch tes t. • A list o f the Tes t S e t optio ns and addi tional t est equi pm ent require d to per- form the proc edure. • Any special t est conside [...]

List of Test s 117 List of Tests A M Transmitter Measurements "AM Off Th e Air Monito ring/Determining Unkno wn Tran smitter Carri e r Frequen cy" on pa ge 119 . "AM Outpu t Powe r, Deviation, and Fr equency/Frequency Error Measuremen t" on page 122 . "AM Microphone Sensitivity and Modulation Limiting Measure- ment" on[...]

AM Transmitt ers 118 AM Transmitters The following meas ur ement s are provided f or testi ng AM Transmit- ters. The proced ures a r e arran ge d in the order tha t tes ts a re typic al ly performed.[...]

AM Transmitters 119 AM Off The Air Monitoring/Det erm i ni ng Unknown Transm i tter Carrie r Fre- quency Descri ption This pr ocedure is used t o locate, demodula te, and mea sure an AM signal ’ s out put c arrier fr equ ency . T he low l evel signal is inpu t to the front- panel ANT IN co nne ctor, l ocated, t hen demodu la ted usi ng the spectr[...]

AM Transmitt ers 120 M easuremen t Procedure: 1 Co nnect the Antenna to the ANT IN con nector . CAUTI O N: Do not exceed the conne ctor’s rated i nput or permanent instru m ent damage ma y res ul t. On th e T e s t Se t: 2 Press the PRESET key. Using the knob an d data ent ry keys: 3 Set AF An l In to AM Demod . 4 Se lect th e SP EC ANL scr e en.[...]

AM Transmitters 121 Once the desire d carrier is f ound: 8 Fro m Contr ols , se lect Ma in . 9 Se le ct Marker from the Choice s field. 10 Us e t h e Marke r To field to select the desi red c arri er. On the Test Set freque nc y and le vel are di sp la yed as shown. 11 To de m odu late the ca rri er: a. With t he ma rker o n the de sire d car rier,[...]

AM Transmitt ers 122 AM Output Po wer, Deviati on, and Frequen cy/Fr eq ue ncy Error Measu rem ent Description This pr ocedure i s used to measure a n AM Transmi tter’ s output c arrier power and frequen cy (or frequency err or) into 50 Ω . For AM Transmitt e rs, m odulation d e pth a nd modulating frequenc y are measured. DUPLEX TX RX PRE V TE[...]

AM Transmitters 123 Measurement P rocedure: 1. Connect the Transm it ter Under Test as sh own. CAUTI ON: The RF pr esent at th e Test Se t RF IN/ OUT con nector must n ot exce ed 60W conti nuous (or 100 Watts for 10 sec/ mi nute ). On the Test Set: 2. P ress the PRES ET k ey. 3. Press the TX key. Using the knob and dat a ent r y key s : 4. Se t AF [...]

AM Transmitt ers 124 9. Dete rm ine if actual frequenc y readout or freque ncy error is the desire d me asu rem en t. ❒ For actua l freq ue ncy readout , continue with step 10. ❒ For frequency error: •S e t Tune M ode t o Manual. •S e t Tune F req to the expect e d carrier fre quency. On the Radio: 10. Key t he T ran s mitte r. As long as t[...]

AM Transmitters 125 AM Mic rophone Se nsitivity and Modulation Limitin g Measurem ent Descri ption This pr ocedure is used t o measure a n AM Transm itter’ s audi o input sensit ivity, and modulati on limiting c a pabil ity (if available ) . Modulation limiti ng is v e rified over the Transmitter ’ s a udio fr e quency range . DUPLEX TX RX PR E[...]

AM Transmitt ers 126 M easuremen t Procedure: 1. Conne ct the Trans m itter as shown. CAUTI O N: T he RF pr ese nt at th e Te st Set RF I N/O UT co nne ct or mus t n ot ex ce ed 60 W contin uous (or 100 Watts for 10 sec/m in ute). On th e T e s t Se t: 2. Press the PRESET key. 3. Press the TX k ey. Using the knob an d data keys : 4. Set AF An l In [...]

AM Transmitters 127 9. Se t AFGen1 Lvl meas ur e ment uni ts to dBm . 10. Increase AFGen1 Lvl by 20 dB . Displa yed AM depth shoul d not excee d 100% . 11. Chan ge AF Gen1 Freq fro m 300 Hz to 3 k Hz (in 100 Hz i ncrements ). 12. Verify tha t the dis pla yed AM depth does not exc e ed 100%. Tune Mo de To Screen TX T ES T AM Depth Aut o/Man ual TX F[...]

AM Transmitt ers 128 AM Audio Distort i on Measurem en t Description This pr ocedure i s used to measure a n AM Transmi tter’ s audio frequenc y harmonic dis tortion level. DUPLEX TX RX PRE V TESTS CON FI G HELP MSSG H OLD PR INT SCRE EN CONTROL LOCAL ADRS REC AL L SA VE MEAS RES E T PRESET INSTRU MENT STA TE DAT A FU NCT I ON S INCR : 10 RE F SE[...]

AM Transmitters 129 Measurement P rocedure: 1. Connect the T ransmitte r as shown. CAUTI ON: The RF pr esent at th e Test Se t RF IN/ OUT con nector must n ot exce ed 60W conti nuous (or 100 Wat ts for 10 sec/ minute) or p ermanent ins t rument da mage may re s ult. On the Test Set: 2. P ress the PRES ET k ey. 3. Press the TX key. Using the knob an[...]

AM Transmitt ers 130 AM Harmon ic s and Spurious Ou tput Me asurement Description This pr ocedure i s used to measure a n AM Transmi tter’ s conducte d harmonic a nd spuriou s emissions . The spe ctrum a na lyzer o ption is used t o display harmonic a nd spurious components f rom 400 kHz to 1000 MHz. DUPLEX TX RX PRE V TESTS CON FI G HELP MSSG H [...]

AM Transmitters 131 Measurement P rocedure: 1. Connect the T ransmitte r as shown. CAUTI ON: The RF pr esent at th e Test Se t RF IN/ OUT con nector must n ot exce ed 60W conti nuous (or 100 Wat ts for 10 sec/ minute) or p ermanent ins t rument da mage may re s ult. On the Test Set: 2. P ress the PRES ET k ey. 3. Press the TX key. Using the knob : [...]

AM Transmitt ers 132 7. Select SPEC ANL scr een. 8. Set Sp an to 1.1 MHz . 9. Set Ref Level t o pla ce t he ca rri er pea k at t he top gr at icule line . To s et Ref Level : • Fr o m th e Mar ker s creen, sele ct Marker To Peak • Sel ect Mar k er To Re f Lev el 10. Tune Center Freq in 1 MH z steps anywhere from 400 kHz to 1 GHz in se arc h of [...]

AM Transmitters 133 AM Envelop e Display Measu rem ent Descri ption This pr ocedure is used t o measure a n AM Transm itter’ s AM enve lope. In o r der t o display the enve lope on t he Oscill oscope, the SSB demodulat or is used to down convert the inc om ing RF signal to an IF frequenc y of 20 Hz. DUPLEX TX RX PR EV TESTS CONF IG HELP MS SG HO [...]

AM Transmitt ers 134 M easuremen t Procedure: 1. Conne ct the Trans m itter as shown. CAUTI O N: T he RF pr ese nt at th e Te st Set RF I N/O UT co nne ct or mus t n ot ex ce ed 60 W contin uous (or 100 Watt s for 10 se c /minute ) or permanent i nstrume nt damage ma y res ul t. On th e T e s t Se t: 2. Press the PRESET key. 3. Press the TX k ey. O[...]

AM Transmitters 135 On the Test Set us ing th e knob and data ent ry keys: 8. Se t Tune Mode to Man u al . 9. Se t T une Freq to a fr equ e ncy 20 kHz highe r than pre sent ly indic ated (e .g., if curr ent Tune Freq is 120.5 40000 MHz , change to 120.560000 MHz ). 10. Se t AF Anl In to SSB Demod . 11. Se t IF F ilter to 230 kHz . 12. Se t Fil t er[...]

AM Rec eiv ers 136 AM Receivers The following meas ur ement s are provided f or testi ng AM Receiver s. The procedures a r e arrang ed in the order that test s are typical ly pe r- fo rmed .[...]

AM R ec ei v ers 137 AM Audio Output Power Measu rem en t Descri ption This pr ocedure is used t o measure a n AM Receive r’ s maximum audio output powe r (or rate d output power) into a Test Load. Output power is displa ye d (in vari ous m easurement uni ts, including wat ts) on the Test Set scre en . DUPLEX TX RX PRE V TESTS CONFI G HELP M SSG [...]

AM Rec eiv ers 138 M easuremen t Procedure: 1. Conne ct the Rece iver as shown. On th e T e s t Se t: 2. Press the PRESET key. 3. Press the RX key. Using the knob an d data ent ry keys: 4. Set RF G en Fr eq t o the re ceiver operating frequency. 5. Set Amplitude to − 47 dBm (1 mV). 6. Set AFGen1 To AM at the des ir ed m odula tion dep th (typ ica[...]

AM R ec ei v ers 139 On t he Ra d io s e t t h e R e ceiv e r’s C o ntr o ls as fo ll o ws: 9. Set power to ON. 10. If requi re d, set freque nc y t o the same value a s step 4 . 11. Set squelch to m inimum. 12. Set RF Gain t o maxim um (i f equipped ). 13. Slowly i nc rease volum e c ontro l until the AC Le vel reaches the Re ceiver’s rated ou[...]

AM Rec eiv ers 140 AM Sens itivity Mea surement Description This pr ocedure i s used to measure a n AM Receive r’ s receiver sensiti vity. Sensitivit y is di splayed ( in various measuremen t units) on the Test Set sc reen. DUPLEX TX RX PRE V TESTS CO NFI G HELP MSSG HOLD PRI NT SCREE N CONT ROL LOCAL ADRS REC AL L SA VE MEAS RES E T PRESET INSTR[...]

AM R ec ei v ers 141 Measurement P rocedure: 1. Connect the Rece iver as sho wn. On the Test Set: 2. P ress the PRES ET k ey. 3. Press the RX key. Using the knob and dat a ent r y key s : 4. Se t RF Gen Freq to the r ec eiv er operating frequency . 5. Se t Amplitude to − 47 dBm (1 mV). 6. Se t AFGen1 To AM at the desi red modul ation depth (t ypi[...]

AM Rec eiv ers 142 On the Radio set the Receiv er’s Controls as fol lows : 9. Set power t o ON. 10. If requi re d, set fre quency to the same value as st ep 4 . 11. Se t sq ue lch to mini mu m . 12. Se t RF Gain to maxi mu m (if e quip ped) . 13. Set the volum e co ntro l until the AC Level reads 100% of the Recei ver’s spe ci fied audi o outp [...]

AM R ec ei v ers 143 AM AGC Measurem ent Descri ption This pr ocedure is used t o measure a n AM Receive r’ s Automatic Gain Control (AGC) . A referen ce is est abl ished at 13 dB below full rate d audio outpu t, and the Rece ive r ’ s output level and distor ti on are measured with i nputs vary ing from 500 m V to 5 Ω V. DUPLEX TX RX PRE V T[...]

AM Rec eiv ers 144 M easuremen t Procedure: 1. Conne ct the Rece iver as shown. On th e Te st Set: 2. Press the PRESET key. 3. Press the RX key. Usin g the kno b and da ta e ntry keys: 4. Set RF G en Fr eq t o the re ceiver operating frequency. 5. Set Amplitude to − 47 dBm (1 mV). 6. Set Output Port t o D up l . 7. Set AFGen1 To AM at the desir e[...]

AM R ec ei v ers 145 17. Decrea se the receive r’s volume cont rol until the AC Leve l mete r r ea d s − 13 dB . 18. Se le ct AC Level 19. P ress the REF SET key. 20. Chan ge SINAD meter to r ea d Distortion . 21. Tune Amplit ude over th e rang e of 500 mV to 5 Ω V . Distortion (for g iven input ) is di splaye d as shown (should not e xc eed [...]

AM Rec eiv ers 146 AM Sque lch Sen sit i vity Measu rem ent Description This pr ocedure i s used to measure a n AM Receive r’ s critica l squelch and maxi m um squelch sensit ivity. For critic a l squelc h, the receiver is just squel c hed with minimum modulate d input at the Receiver’ s antenna, the n the input is incre as e d until the squelc[...]

AM R ec ei v ers 147 Measurement P rocedure: 1. Connect the Rece iver as sho wn. On the Test Set: 2. P ress the PRES ET k ey. 3. Press the RX key. Using the knob and dat a ent r y key s : 4. Se t RF Gen Freq to the r ec eiv er operating frequency . 5. Se t Amplitude to − 137 dB m . 6. Se t AF Gen1 To AM at desired m odulation dept h (typi cally 3[...]

AM Rec eiv ers 148 On the Test S e t u s ing the knob and da ta ent ry keys: 15. Sl owly increas e the Amplitud e un til s qu e lc h ju st re m a in s ope n . Cr itical Sque lch i s di splayed as Am plitude a s shown. • R e c o r d thi s le ve l. 16. Decrease Amplitude unt il t he Re ceiver’s squelch just c loses . • R e c o r d thi s le ve l[...]

AM R ec ei v ers 149 AM Audio F requency Response Measurement Descri ption This pr ocedure is used t o measure a n AM Receive r’ s audio f requency response . A refe ren ce is e sta blished a t 50% of the R e ceiver’ s r a ted audio outpu t, then the output is measured whil e the audio freq uency is varied o ver the recei v ers ran ge. DUPLEX T[...]

AM Rec eiv ers 150 M easuremen t Procedure: 1. Conne ct the Rece iver as shown. On th e T e s t Se t: 2. Press the PRESET key. 3. Press the RX key. Using the knob an d data ent ry keys: 4. Set RF G en Fr eq t o the re ceiver operating frequency. 5. Set Amplitude to − 47 dBm (1 mV). 6. Set AFGen1 To AM at desi re d modul at ion depth (typic ally 3[...]

AM R ec ei v ers 151 On the Test Set us ing th e knob and data ent ry keys: 15. Sele ct AC Leve l. 16. P ress the REF SET key. 17. Chan ge AFGen1 Freq from 300 Hz to 3 kHz while obser vin g AC Level Me te r . Frequenc y Respon se is displ ayed on th e scre en as AC L evel in re lativ e dB (from 300Hz to 3 kHz) as shown. NOTE: The aud io response sh[...]

AM Rec eiv ers 152 AM Audio Distort i on Measurem en t Description This pr ocedure i s used to measure a n AM Receive r’ s audio dist ortion. Distort ion is m easured a t full rate d audio out put and 17 dB below full rated audio output . Mea s urem ent is read direct ly from the Test Set scr een. DUPLEX TX RX PRE V TESTS CO NFI G HELP MSSG HOLD [...]

AM R ec ei v ers 153 Measurement P rocedure: 1. Connect the Rece iver as sho wn. On the Test Set: 2. P ress the PRES ET k ey. 3. Press the RX key. Using the knob and dat a ent r y key s : 4. Se t RF Gen Freq to the r ec eiv er operating frequency . 5. Se t Amplitude to − 47 dBm (1 mV). 6. Se t AFGen1 To AM at desired m odulation dept h (typi call[...]

AM Rec eiv ers 154 On the Test S e t u s ing the knob and da ta ent ry keys: 14. Ch ange S INAD meter to read Distort ion . Dist ort ion is displ ayed as shown. 15. Select AC L evel . 16. Press the RE F SET key. 17. Decr ease t he Re ceive r’s v olume c ontrol until the Test S et’s AC Leve l meter reads − 17 dB . Dist ort ion display ed a s s[...]

AM R ec ei v ers 155 AM Sp urious Resp onse Attenu ation M easurement Descri ption This procedu re is used to measure an AM R eceiver ’ s spuri ous response attenua tion (the recei ve r’ s ability to pr event unwant e d sig na ls f rom causing response in the audio output) . A reference is establi shed, a nd high le vel mo dulated si gnal s fro[...]

AM Rec eiv ers 156 M easuremen t Procedure: CAUTI O N: Before c onnect ing the Signa l Ge nera tor, set RF Output power t o OFF (or maximum attenu a tion) . 1. Conne ct the Receive r and Signa l Gen erator as shown. On th e T e s t Se t: 2. Press the PRESET key. 3. Press the RX key. Using the knob an d data ent ry keys: 4. Set RF G en Fr eq t o the[...]

AM R ec ei v ers 157 On the Test Set us ing th e knob and data ent ry keys: 14. Decr ease A mplit ude u ntil the SINAD me ter rea ds 10 dB. ❒ If desired , use the meter averagi ng function for the SINAD indicator . a. Select dB on t he SINAD meter. b. Press t he AVG key. ❒ If des ire d, se l ect t h e num b er o f read i ngs t o av e rag e. •[...]

AM Rec eiv ers 158 On the Signal Ge nerat o r: 17. Set RF Power to ON. 18. Se t Outpu t Level to 3 1.6 m V. 19. Set Outpu t Frequenc y to lowe s t f r equ ency bei ng checked (typ ic ally <1 M H z) . 20. Se t Modul ation to in te rnal AM. 21. Set Modul ation rate to 400 Hz. 22. Set Modul ation Depth to 30 %. 23. Tune the S igna l Generator in 1 [...]

159 5 Te st ing SSB Rad ios[...]

Introduction 160 Int rodu ction Each pr oc edure may c ontain the following informati on: • A brief meas urement overvi ew and a referen ce to appli c able T I A/EIA spec- i f icat io n s for ea ch tes t. • A list o f the Tes t S e t optio ns and addi tional t est equi pm ent require d to per- form the proc edure. • Any special t est conside [...]

List of Test s 161 List of Tests SSB Tran s mitter Mea sur ement s "SSB Frequency o r Frequency Error Measurem ent" on page 163 . "SSB Rated O utput Power/Carrier Suppression M easuremen t" on page 16 6 . "SSB Harmo nics an d Spurio us O utput Measur ement" o n p age 170 . S SB R ece iv er M ea sur em en ts "SSB A[...]

SSB Tra ns m itt ers 162 SSB Transmi t ters The following meas ur ement s are provided f or testi ng SSB Transmit- ters. The proced ures a r e arran ge d in the order tha t tes ts a re typic al ly performed.[...]

SSB Transmitters 163 SSB Fre que nc y or Freque nc y Erro r Meas ur eme nt This proce dur e is used to measure a SSB Transmitt e r’ s frequency (or frequenc y e rror ) into 50 Ω . The transmitt e d signal freq ue ncy is measured , then depende nt on the side-band ( uppe r or lower) used, the actua l fre que n cy or freque n cy erro r is cal cul[...]

SSB Tra ns m itt ers 164 M easuremen t Procedure: 1. Conne ct the Trans m itter Under Te st as shown . CAUTI O N: T he RF pr ese nt at th e Te st Set RF I N/O UT co nne ct or mus t n ot ex ce ed 60 W contin uous (or 100 Watt s for 10 se c /minute ) or permanent i nstrume nt damage ma y res ul t. On th e T e s t Se t: 2. Press the PRESET key. 3. Pre[...]

SSB Transmitters 165 On the Test Set us ing th e knob and data ent ry keys: 8. Se t AFGen1 Lvl u ntil a measur a ble RF signal is di splaye d (typi cally >5-10 mV). Frequenc y or frequenc y error is displ ayed as shown. Cal cu l at e th e Me as u rem ent : NOTE: Do no t us e the d i sp la yed A F Fr eq fo r th e AF Ge n1 F req i n t h e ca lc ul[...]

SSB Tra ns m itt ers 166 SSB Rate d Outpu t Powe r/Carri er S uppres si on Measu rem en t Description This pr ocedure i s used to measure a SSB Transm itter’ s rate d output power into 50 Ω . The tr a nsm it te r i s m odulated wit h two sep a rate audi o signals at differe nt f reque nc ies . The amplitude of each audio signa l is adjusted unt[...]

SSB Transmitters 167 Measurement P rocedure: 1. Connect the T ransmitte r as shown. CAUTI ON: The RF pr esent at th e Test Se t RF IN/ OUT con nector must n ot exce ed 60W conti nuous (or 100 Wat ts for 10 sec/ minute) or p ermanent ins t rument da mage may re s ult. On the Test Set: 2. P ress the PRES ET k ey. Using the knob and dat a ent r y key [...]

SSB Tra ns m itt ers 168 10. Select SP EC ANL sc reen. 11. Set Center Freq to transmitter fre quency + 1 kHz (USB) or − 1 kHz (LSB) depe nding o n side-b a nd mode. 12. Set Ref Level to +50 dB m . To s et Ref Level : • Fr o m th e Mar ker s creen, sele ct Marker To Peak • Sel ect Mar k er To Re f Lev el 13. Set Spa n to 5 kHz . On the Radio: [...]

SSB Transmitters 169 NOTE: Test s e t up and c a bling for thi s test are cri tical. RF feedbac k into the Transm itter audio input may caus e the dis played waveform to be dist orted. Use caut ion to care fully byp ass inpu t li ne s at the mic ropho ne conne ctor whe n perf o r m ing this te st. 17. Verify t hat t he disto rti on pr oducts (smal [...]

SSB Tra ns m itt ers 170 SSB Harmonic s and Spu riou s Outp ut Measur e ment Description This pr ocedure i s used to measure a n SSB Transm itter’ s condu c ted harmonic a nd spuriou s emissions . The spe ctrum a na lyzer o ption is used t o display harmonic a nd spurious components f rom 400 kHz to 1000 MHz. DUPLEX TX RX PR EV TESTS CONF IG HELP[...]

SSB Transmitters 171 Measurement P rocedure: 1. Connect the T ransmitte r as shown. CAUTI ON: The RF pr esent at th e Test Se t RF IN/ OUT con nector must n ot exce ed 60W conti nuous (or 100 Wat ts for 10 sec/ minute) or p ermanent ins t rument da mage may re s ult. On the Test Set: 2. P ress the PRES ET k ey. 3. Press the TX key. Using the knob :[...]

SSB Tra ns m itt ers 172 7. Select SP EC ANL sc reen. 8. Set Sp an to 1.1 MHz . 9. Set Ref Level t o pla ce t he ca rri er pea k at t he top gr at icule line . To s et Ref Level : • Fr o m th e Mar ker s creen, sele ct Marker To Peak • Sel ect Mar k er To Re f Lev el 10. Tune Center Freq in 1 MH z steps anywhere from 400 kHz to 1 GHz in se arc [...]

SSB Re c eiver s 173 SSB Receivers The following mea surements are provi ded for test ing S SB Receivers. The procedur e s are arra nge d in the order that te sts a re typic a lly per- form ed.[...]

SSB Rece i vers 174 SSB Au dio Output Power and Distortion Measurement Description This pr ocedure i s used to measure a n SSB Receive r’ s audio out put power a nd distorti on into a Test Load. Output power i s displaye d (in various measu r ement uni ts, inclu ding wa t ts) on the Test Set sc reen. Distort ion i s measured and disp layed at one[...]

SSB Re c eiver s 175 Measurement P rocedure: 1. Connect the Rece iver as sho wn. On the Test Set: 2. P ress the PRES ET k ey. 3. Press the RX key. Using the knob and dat a ent r y key s : 4. Se t RF Gen Freq to the r ec eiv er operating frequency . NOTE: RF Ge n F r eq i s dependent o n the Rece iver’s mode (L S B/USB) a nd the audi o freque nc y[...]

SSB Rece i vers 176 On the Radio set the Receiv er’s Controls as fol lows : 10. Set power t o ON. 11. Se t mod e to L SB or USB. 12. If requi re d, set fre quency to the same value as st ep 4 . 13. Se t sq ue lch to mini mu m . 14. Set RIT t o cen t er or disabl e (if equipped). 15. Se t RF Gain to maxi mu m (if e quip ped) . On the Test S e t u [...]

SSB Re c eiver s 177 On the Test Set us ing th e knob and data ent ry keys: 18. Se t AF Freq mete r to m easur e Dis tortion . 19. Se le ct AC Level . 20. P ress the REF SET key. On t he Ra d io s e t t h e R e ceiv e r’s C o ntr o ls as fo ll o ws: 21. Decrea s e the Rece iv er’s vol ume cont rol until the AC L e vel meter reads − 3 dB. Dist[...]

SSB Rece i vers 178 SSB Sensi tivit y Measu rem ent Description This pr ocedure i s used to measure a n SSB Receive r’ s receiv e r sensiti vity. Sensitivit y is di splayed ( in various measuremen t units) on the Test Set sc reen. DUPLEX TX RX PRE V TESTS CO NFI G HELP MSSG HOLD PRI NT SCREE N CONT ROL LOCAL ADRS REC AL L SA VE MEAS RES E T PRESE[...]

SSB Re c eiver s 179 Measurement P rocedure: 1. Connect the Rece iver as sho wn. On the Test Set: 2. P ress the PRES ET k ey. 3. Press the RX key. Using the knob and dat a ent r y key s : 4. Se t RF Gen Freq to the r ec eiv er operating frequency . 5. Se t Amplitude to − 47 dBm (1 mV). 6. Se t AFGen1 To OFF . 7. Se t Ext Loa d R to the test lo ad[...]

SSB Rece i vers 180 On the Test S e t u s ing the knob and da ta ent ry keys: 16. C ha n ge t he va l ue o f RF Gen Freq un til t he AF F r eq meter reads 1 kHz . On the Radio set the Receiv er’s Controls as fol lows : 17. Set the Recei ver’s volume cont rol until the AC Leve l me te r indic at es the Rec e iver’s rated out put po we r. Refe [...]

SSB Re c eiver s 181 On t he Ra d io s e t t h e R e ceiv e r’s C o ntr o ls as fo ll o ws: 21. Decrea s e the Rece iv er’s vol ume cont rol until the AC L e vel meter reads − 6 dB. On the Test Set us ing th e knob and data ent ry keys: 22. Decr ease A mplit ude u ntil the SINAD me ter rea ds 12 dB. Sensit ivity (at 12dB SI NAD) is dis played[...]

SSB Rece i vers 182 SSB S quelch Se ns itivity Measureme n t Description This procedure is us ed to measure a n SSB Re ceiv er’ s crit ical s quelch a nd maximum squ e lch sensi tivity . For cr itic al s quel c h, t he re ceive r is j ust squel ch ed with minim um modul ated inpu t at the Rece iver’ s ant enna, the n the inpu t is i ncrea sed u[...]

SSB Re c eiver s 183 Measurement P rocedure: 1. Connect the Rece iver as sho wn. On the Test Set: 2. P ress the PRES ET k ey. 3. Press the RX key. Using the knob and dat a ent r y key s : 4. Se t RF Gen Freq to the r ec eiv er operating frequency . 5. Se t Amplitude to − 47 dBm (1 mV). 6. Se t AFGen1 To OFF . 7. Se t Ext Loa d R to the test lo ad[...]

SSB Rece i vers 184 On the Test S e t u s ing the knob and da ta ent ry keys: 16. C ha n ge t he va l ue o f RF Gen Freq un til t he AF F r eq meter reads 1 kHz . On the Radio set the Receiv er’s Controls as fol lows : 17. Set the Recei ver’s volume cont rol until the AC Leve l me te r indic at es the Rec e iver’s rated out put po we r. Refe [...]

SSB Re c eiver s 185 21. Se t Amplitude to − 137 dB m and ve rify squ elch c loses . If not , repea t st ep 19. & step 2 0. 22. Incre ase unti l the Rec eiv er’s s quelch j us t opens. • R ecor d this level. 23. Decr ease A mplit ude u ntil the Re ceiv er’s squelch ju st close s. • R ecor d this level. Calc ulate t he re ading: 24. M [...]

SSB Rece i vers 186[...]

187 6 Spectrum Analyzer Measurem ents[...]

Introduction 188 Int rodu ction Each pr oc edure may c ontain the following informati on: • A brief meas urement overvi ew and a referen ce to appli c able T I A/EIA spec- i f icat io n s for ea ch tes t. • A list o f the Tes t S e t optio ns and addi tional t est equi pm ent require d to per- form the proc edure. • Any special t est conside [...]

List of Measurements 189 List of Measurements Spe ct rum A na lyzer Mea surem ents "Measuri ng Transmi tter High /Low Power Si gnals" on page 1 91 . "Field Strength Measure me n ts" on page 196 . "Analyz i ng Exter nal Transmitter Inter-modulation Distortion " on page 20 0 . Tra cking G enerator Measu rements "Bas[...]

Using the S pectrum Analyzer 190 Using the Spectrum Analyzer The Spectrum Analyze r can be used to measure sig nal s from 400 kHz to 1 GHz , wit h variable s pans fr om 5 kHz to 1 GHz (full span). A tunable marker i s provide d for aut om atic re adout of frequency and amplitude , or relati ve freque nc y and amplitud e from a r e ferenc e. Other m[...]

Using the S pectr um Analyzer 191 Measuri ng Transmit ter High/Low Power Signals This proce dur e is provide d a s an overview of the option al Spe ctr um Analyzer’ s operatio n. The screen choices and displ ayed parameter s are descri be d and illustr a ted. DUPLEX TX RX PRE V TESTS CO NFI G HELP MSSG HOLD PRI NT SCREE N CONT ROL LOCAL ADRS REC [...]

Using the S pectrum Analyzer 192 M easuremen t Procedure: 1. Conne ct the signal inp ut to the RF IN/OUT or ANT IN conne ct or. • Use the RF IN/OUT connec tor for m easur ing Transm it ter output or other high-power signals . • Use the ANT IN conne c tor fo r all ot her low l evel s i gnal s (pro vides high er s ens i tivit y). CAUTI O N: Do no[...]

Using the S pectr um Analyzer 193 Meas ureme nts Usin g the Ma in Contro l Fi eld s: •F r o m Controls se le ct RF In if th e input si gnal is conn ected to the RF IN/ OUT connector. •F r o m Controls s elect Ant if the i nput sig nal is connect e d to the ANT IN connector. • Cen t er Fr eq s ets the freque nc y at th e ce nte r of the scree [...]

Using the S pectrum Analyzer 194 Meas ureme n t Using t he Marke r Cont rol Fi elds: • Pos it ion posit ions the marker on the scre e n. Disp layed m arke r Freq and Lvl ar e auto matic a lly updat ed. • Mark er To sets the ma r k er to the sign al with the lar g est Pea k, the signa l with t he Ne xt larges t Peak, to the Cent er Freq uency, o[...]

Using the S pectr um Analyzer 195 Measuremen ts Using the Auxiliar y Control Fields: •F r o m Controls s ele ct Of f to updat e the d ispla y aft er e ach swe ep, o r Pk Hold to re ta in the high est input va lue for eac h point in succ essi ve sweeps . • Input Atte n s e ts the input atten uator to Automatic or Hol d. If Hold is sele cted, a s[...]

Using the S pectrum Analyzer 196 Fi eld Stren g th Measu rem en t s Description This pr ocedure i s used to measure a nd calcula te field strength with t he Spectrum Analyzer /Tra cking Generator optio n. A calibrat ed a nten na is connected to the ANT IN connect or, a m easur emen t is p erform ed , a nd the fie ld stre ngth is calculated (in dB ?[...]

Using the S pectr um Analyzer 197 Measurement P rocedure: 1 Connect the Ant enna to the ANT I N conne ctor. CAUTI ON: Do not exc e ed the conn ector’s ra ted input or per manent inst rument damage may re s ult. On the Test Set: 2 P ress the PRES ET k ey. Using the knob and dat a ent r y key s : 3 Sele ct t he SPEC ANL scree n. 4 Fro m t h e Co n [...]

Using the S pectrum Analyzer 198 Antenna : 12 Rota te the Calib rated Antenna on each axi s until the maxi m um input si gnal str ength is achie ved. Rec ord the signal leve l (i n dB µ V) a s shown.[...]

Using the S pectr um Analyzer 199 Calc ulate the Fie ld Strengt h: 13 Calcul a te Field Stre ngth a s follows: Field Str e ngth (in dB µ V ) = Signa l Leve l (s tep 7) + Antenna Facto r For exam ple, (3 4.9 8 dB µ V) + (+7.4 dB/ m ) = 42.38 dB µ V/m ❒ If Antenna Factor is not known, ca lculate usi ng Ante nna Gain as fol- lows: Ante nna Fa cto[...]

Using the S pectrum Analyzer 200 Analyzing Exte r nal Transmitt e r Inter-modulation Distortion This pr ocedures used to di splay, mea sure, and demodulate high-order int er-m odulat ion disto rtion produc ts using the S pectr um Analyzer/ Tracking Generator option. DUPLEX TX RX PRE V TESTS CO NFI G HELP MSSG HOLD PRI NT SCREE N CONT RO L LOCAL ADR[...]

Using the S pectr um Analyzer 201 NOTE: Wh e n two sign als F1 an d F2 are pr e sen t in a sy st em, th ey can mi x w i th th e second ha rm onic s genera ted 2F1 and 2F2 and create highe r order in ter- modul ation dis to rtion pr oducts . Because these dist ort ion product s are usuall y loca ted close to the original s igna ls at 2F2 - F1 and 2 [...]

Using the S pectrum Analyzer 202 M easuremen t Procedure: 1. Co nnect the Antenna to the ANT IN con nector . CAUTI O N: Do not exceed the conne ctor’s rated i nput or permanent instru m ent damage ma y res ul t. On th e T e s t Se t: 2. Press the PRESET key. Using the knob an d data ent ry keys: 3. Se lect th e SP EC ANL scr e en. 4. From the Con[...]

Using the S pectr um Analyzer 203 Deter m in e Dis to rtion Pro ducts: 8. Record the freq uen cy a nd l evel of a ll s igna ls of intere st . If further an a lysis is d esired: On the SPECTRUM ANALYZER scre en: 9. Fro m t h e Co n tr ol s select Main . 10. Se le ct Marker from the Choices field. 11. Us e t h e Marke r To to se le ct t h e de s ire [...]

Using the S pectrum Analyzer 204 To De m odula te the Product: Thes e ste ps ar e used to h elp de termine which trans mitte r is causin g the dist ortion. 12. Posi tion the marker on the desire d c arrie r. 13. Select Mar ker To to Cen t er Fr eq . 14. From the Controls se lect M a rker . 15. Select Main from the C ho ices field . 16. De creas e t[...]

Using the Tracking G enerator 205 Using t he Track ing Gen era tor The Optional Tr a cking Genera tor allows for quick and accura te cha ract er iz ati on o f filters , dupl e xers, combiners, and RF to I F convers ions. Broadband RF devices can be char acte rized with single sweeps du e to the ful l-span swee p capab ility t o 1 GHz. The tra c kin[...]

Using the Tracking G enerator 206 Ba sic Measu re ment s wi th the Track i n g Gener ator This pr ocedure i s provide d as an ove rview of the op tional Spec trum Analyzer/Tr acking Generat or ’ s operat ion. The sc reen c hoices and display e d parameter s a re descr ibe d and illustr ated. DUPL EX TX RX PRE V TESTS CONFIG HELP MSSG HOLD P RINT [...]

Using the Tracking G enerator 207 Measurement P rocedure: 1. Connect the s i gnal input to the RF IN/OUT or DUPLEX OUT c onnector. CAUTI ON: Do not exc e ed the conn ector’s ra ted input or per manent inst rument damage may re s ult. On the Test Set: 2. P ress the PRES ET k ey. Using the knob and dat a ent r y key s : 3. Se le ct SPEC ANL screen.[...]

Using the Tracking G enerator 208 M easurements Using the Trac k Contro l Fields: •F r o m Controls select Track . • Offset Freq set s the difference between the insta ntaneous fre quencies of the T r ac king Genera to r RF output and the Cent er Frequency of the Sp ec tru m An al yze r. T he f re qu e ncy ra ng e is de te rm ine d by t he S pe[...]

Using the Tracking G enerator 209 Measurem ents Using the F i xed Control Fields: •F r o m Control s se lect Fix ed . • RF Gen F req sets the R F output freque ncy. • Amplitude set s th e RF o utput a mplitude . • Ou tput Por t rout es the RF out put t o the RF Out or Dupl exer Ou t conne ct or.[...]

Using the Tracking G enerator 210 Anten na Return Loss (VSWR) Measurem en t & Tuning Description This procedu re is used to measu re the return loss of an antenna thro ugh a directiona l bridge and the Spectru m Analyzer /Tr a cki ng Generato r option. R eturn los s is measured a nd can be conve rted into VSWR using a table. DUPLEX TX RX PRE V [...]

Using the Tracking G enerator 211 Measurement P rocedure: 1 Connect the bridge or coupl er as sh own. CAUTI ON: Do not exc e ed the conn ector’s ra ted input or per manent inst rument damage may re s ult. On the Test Set: 2 P ress the PRES ET k ey. Using the knob and dat a ent r y key s : 3 Sele ct t he SPEC ANL scree n. 4 Fro m t h e Co n tr ol [...]

Using the Tracking G enerator 212 Normalize (to re move the effe ct s of the cables, bridg e /coup ler, e tc. ) as fo llows: 12 From Controls , s el ect RF Ge n . 13 Select Auxiliar y from the Choices field . 14 From Normali z e select A Only . 15 From Norm alize select Save B . 16 From Norm alize select A-B . 17 From Contr ols , s elec t A uxili a[...]

Using the Tracking G enerator 213 On the Test Set us ing th e knob and data ent ry keys: 20 Fro m Contr ols , sel ec t Ma in . 21 Se le ct Marker fro m the Choice s field. 22 Fro m Marker To se l ect Ref Level . 23 U se t he Marker p os iti on to measure the re s ponse t o the fre q uenc y(s ) of in - ter est. Retu r n los s is displa yed as Lvl as[...]

Using the Tracking G enerator 214 1/4 Wave Coaxial Filter Tuning (Swept) This pr ocedure i s used to measure the notch depth and or band- pass of a 1/4 wave coaxial fil te r using the Spectr um Analyzer/T racking Generator option. P ass fre quency is me asure d, and c an be a djusted by trimming length f rom the coaxia l f ilte r. DUPLEX TX RX PRE [...]

Using the Tracking G enerator 215 Measurement P rocedure: 1. Connect the T e e as shown. CAUTI ON: Do not exc e ed the conn ector’s ra ted input or per manent inst rument damage may re s ult. On the Test Set: 2. P ress the PRES ET k ey. Using the knob and dat a ent r y key s : 3. Sele ct t he SPEC ANL scree n. 4. Fro m t h e Co n tr ol s select A[...]

Using the Tracking G enerator 216 NOTE: Am plitude default of 0 dBm is typi cally s ufficient for perform ing measurem e nts on 1/4 Wave Coa xial Fi lters . The le vel can be c hange d as re qui r ed t o su it me as ur em e nt n e eds ( e.g . i n crea se m e as ure me n t ra n ge, minimiz e inciden t input from othe r sources, etc .). If Amplitude [...]

Using the Tracking G enerator 217 On the Test Set us ing th e knob and data ent ry keys: 22. Fro m Contr ols , sel ec t Ma in . 23. Se le ct Marker fro m the Choice s field. 24. Us e t h e Marke r pos ition to m easure t he resp onse. Notch de pth i s dis played a s Lvl . Bandwidt h (3 dB points) is m e asured using t he LVL an d Fr eq di s p l ay [...]

Using the Tracking G enerator 218 Cable F ault Loc ations This pr ocedure i s used to locate br eaks i n coaxial c ables using th e Spectrum Analyz e r/Tra c king Gener a tor option and System Suppor t So ftw are Test C ard, HP 11807A option 100. Suspect e d faults are display e d as data (indic a ting the fault le ngth) or plotted on the screen. D[...]

Using the Tracking G enerator 219 Measurement P rocedure: On the Test S e t: 1. Insert the Sys te m Suppor t T est Card (HP 11807A Option 100) into th e M emo r y C a rd Slo t . 2. P ress the PRES ET k ey. 3. P ress the TEST S key. Using the knob and dat a ent r y key s : 4. Se le ct Card fro m t he Locatio n field. 5. Se le ct CABLE_FLT from the P[...]

Using the Tracking G enerator 220 10. Pre ss the PREV key to r etu rn to the TE S T (Mai n Sc r ee n). 11. Select Run Test . 12. When prom pted, con ne ct t he equipme nt as shown on th e scree n, then s elect Continue .[...]

Using the Tracking G enerator 221 13. Follo w the dis pl ayed inst ructions to connect and remove the 50 Ω Termination at the Power Divider cabl e t est port. Remembe r to sele ct C ontinue a fte r ea ch ste p . After the te s t ha s compl eted, test result s are displ ayed on the sc ree n in a table for m or plot te d in graphical form.[...]

Using the Tracking G enerator 222 Pass ive Cavi ty I nsert ion an d Retu rn L oss Measu remen t This pr ocedure i s used to measure the inser tion los s and r eturn los s of passive cavitie s using the Spectrum Ana lyzer/Tr a cking Ge nerator option. The caviti es are tuned to the desired pass frequency and band- pass/in se rti on loss. Once proper[...]

Using the Tracking G enerator 223 Measurement P rocedure: 1. Connect the Ada pter as shown. CAUTI ON: Do not exc e ed the conn ector’s ra ted input or per manent inst rument damage may re s ult. On the Test Set: 2. P ress the PRES ET k ey. Using the knob and dat a ent r y key s : 3. Sele ct t he SPEC ANL scree n. 4. Fro m t h e Co n tr ol s selec[...]

Using the Tracking G enerator 224 17. Select Main from the Ch oi ces field. Pass Cav ity: 18. Conne ct the pass ca vity as shown. 19. Adjus t the tuni ng rod to the desir ed pass frequen cy. 20. Adjus t the coup ling loops for desi red band-pas s /inse rtion los s . NOTE: If Sensitiv ity dB/di v is ch a n ge d fr o m 1 0 dB /div th e co ax ia l c a[...]

Using the Tracking G enerator 225 Retur n Los s Br idge: 21. Connect the Re turn L oss Br idge as shown. 22. Fro m t h e Co n tr ol s select Main . 23. Se le ct Auxi liary from the Choices fi e ld. 24. Fro m Normali z e select A Only . 25. Fro m Nor mali ze selec t Save B . 26. Fro m Normali z e select A-B . 27. Fro m Contro ls , s elec t Au xiliar[...]

Using the Tracking G enerator 226 Meas ure/Adju st R etur n Loss as foll ows: 30. Measure and re c ord retur n loss 31. Reve rse the Pass Ca vit y outpu t and input a s shown. 32. Measure and re c ord retur n loss. 33. Repe at step whil e adj usting the Pass Ca vit y coupl ing loops for ma xim um (but bal anced) return los s in both direc ti ons. ?[...]

Using the Tracking G enerator 227 Cal cu l at e th e Ret u r n Lo ss in V S W R : 34. Use the followi ng chart to conve rt loss int o VSWR: If Pas s Ca vity coupl ing l oops were c hanged: • Rep e at steps 1 th rough 20 t o measure inser tio n loss (perf orm at 1 or 2 dB/Div). • R epeat steps 21 through 33 t o measure return l oss. Return L oss[...]

Using the Tracking G enerator 228 Repeater S ystem Eff ectiv e Sens itivity Meas uremen t Description This procedu re i s used to measure the effec tiv e sensi ti vity of a r epe ater sy stem using the Spectru m Analyzer/ T racki ng Gene rator option. Onc e effe ct ive sensit ivity measured , recei ver se ns iti vity de grada tion is calcul ated. D[...]

Using the Tracking G enerator 229 Measurement P rocedure: 1. Connect the Repea ter as show n. ALTE RNATE CONNECTIONS If your re peater doe s not emplo y a dupl exer as shown in the c onnec tion dia- gram, c onnect t he Test S et DUP LE X OUTPUT por t to t he Repeate rs RF IN- PUT port, a nd the Test Set RF IN/OUT port to the Repea ters RF OUTPUT po[...]

Using the Tracking G enerator 230 On th e Repe ater set th e Rec eive r’s C ontro ls as follo ws: 9. Set power t o ON. 10. If require d, dis able the COR (C arrier Opera ted Re lay) or equi valen t devic e tha t key s t h e tra ns mi tt er whe n a si gna l is pr es en t at t h e re ce i ver . 11. If requi re d, set fre quency to the same value as[...]

Using the Tracking G enerator 231 On the Test Set us ing th e knob and data ent ry keys: 17. Increase Amplitude until the SINAD meter a ga in reads 12 dB . Effective Sensit ivity is dis played as Amplit ude . Record the level (in dBm) for use lat er in the proc edu re . Calc ulate the Re ce iver Sensit ivity Deg r ada tion: 18. Cal cu l ate as foll[...]

Using the Tracking G enerator 232[...]

233 7 Oscilloscop e Measurem ents[...]

Introduction 234 Int rodu ction Each pr oc edure may c ontain the following informati on: • A brief meas urement overvi ew and a referen ce to appli c able T I A/EIA spec- i f icat io n s for ea ch tes t. • A list o f the Tes t S e t optio ns and addi tional t est equi pm ent require d to per- form the proc edure. • Any special t est conside [...]

Using the O sci lloscope 235 Using t he Osci llos cope The bu ilt-in 50 kHz di gital osc illosc ope pr ovides • multi ple trigg ering formats (inte rnal, exte rnal , and encoder) • singl e-s hot and pre- tri gger viewing for s ingl e e vent s • full marker ca pability with automatic level and t i me rea dout Time/divis ion, volts/d ivision, a[...]

Using the Oscilloscope 236 Oscilloscope Overview This pr ocedure i s provide d as an ove rview of the Oscil loscope’s operati on. The scre en choic e s and displayed pa r ameter s a re descr ibe d and il lustrated. M easuremen t Procedure: 1. Co n n e ct the s ignal to th e app ropri ate con nector . CAUTI O N: Do not exceed the conne ctor’s ra[...]

Using the O sci lloscope 237 to th e RF IN / OU T o r A NT I N c on ne cto r s. • Audio In for a signal conne ct e d to the AUDIO IN connect or. • Radio I n t for a signal c onnec ted to th e opti onal rear pane l Radio In ter- face c onnector. • Ext Mod for a signa l connec ted to the re a r pa nel MODULATI O N IN- PUT connecto r. • Mic Mo[...]

Using the Oscilloscope 238 M ea sur em en ts Usi n g t he Ma i n C ont r ol Fi el ds: • Vert/ div selec ts the verti cal ampli tud e per divisi on. Units for thi s field are in Volts , kHz, or perce nt depending on th e AF Anl In se le ct io n . • Ve rt Off set move s the di s pla ye d sig na l above or be low the center grat icule lin e. • T[...]

Using the O sci lloscope 239 Me a s ure m en t U s in g th e Tr i gg e r C on t ro l Fi el d s: •F r o m Controls selec t the desired tri gger source : • Int ern al uses the s ignal be ing di s pla ye d. • Ext ( TTL) us es t h e s ign al con nec te d t o t he rea r p ane l EXT S COP E TRIGGER INPU T connector. • Encode r uses the optio nal [...]

Using the Oscilloscope 240 M ea sur em en ts Usi n g t he Ma r ker Co nt r ol Fi el ds: • Posi tion positi ons the mark er on the s creen. Dis pla yed marker Time and Lvl a re a ut om a tic ally update d. • Ma rk er T o sets th e m arker to the si gna l w ith th e larg e st Peak (P ea k+) or the s ign al with the most ne gat ive peak (Peak − [...]

Using the O sci lloscope 241 The Delta marker fu nct ion is pe rfor m ed by: 1 Setting t he m arke r to the firs t poi nt desired . 2 Positi on the cursor to th e marke r time an d/or lv l readout s . 3 P ress the REF SET key. Note that the readou t now displays 0 and “Ref” belo w it. 4 Positi on the curs or to th e Pos iti on field. 5 M o ve t[...]

Using the Oscilloscope 242[...]

243 8 Configuring for Measurements This chapte r provides the informa tion to c onfi gure and connec t the Test Set to DC power and configure the instr um ent for operation.[...]

Preparing the Test Set for D C Operation 244 Preparing the Test Set for D C Operation NOTE: Instruct ions for connec ti ng the T est Set t o AC powe r, or to an opt ion al print er (if des ire d) are provide d in the Test Set’s Us er Guide. Connection/ C onfiguration f or DC P ower 1. Verify that t he fron t pane l power switch i s off. 2. Se t t[...]

Preparing the Test Set f or DC O peration 245 CABLI NG RE STRIC TI ON S When cabli ng the DC connecto r, remembe r that vary ing wire gau ge, type, and length w ill yield diffe re nt resi stive l osses. Prope r opera tion of the Tes t Set req uires that a mini m um of 11 Vdc at 12 Adc be pres e nt at the DC input c onnector. A typical DC connectio [...]

Preparing the Test Set for D C Operation 246 Prepari ng th e Test Set for Operat ion 1. Verify that t he in strument is conne cted an d configure d to the appro p riate power sourc e. NOTE: Because mos t paramete rs are saved whe n power i s remove d, sett ing configu ration is NOT ne cessary e very t ime power is appl ied to t he Test Set. Perform[...]

Preparing the Test Set f or DC O peration 247 4. In the CONFIGURE screen , use the knob and dat a entry keys to set th e fol- lowing para m eters (as required): •I n t e n s i t y − adjus t to co mforta ble leve l. •B e e p e r − adju st t o comf ortab le leve l. •R F G e n V o l t s − s ets RF and Tra cking Generator a mplitu des ref e[...]

Preparing the Test Set for D C Operation 248[...]

249 9 References This chapte r contains a listi ng of all documents tha t have been refere n ced in t his manual.[...]

Manuals 250 Manual s • HP 8920A User's Guide • HP 8920B User's Gu ide • HP 11807A Option 001 Refer ence Guide • System Supp ort Te s ts , HP 11807A Option 100 User' s Guide[...]

Appli cation Note 251 Applic ation Not e • Demonstra tion Procedure s, HP 892 0A RF Communic ations Test S et[...]

Specifications and Standards 252 Specifications and Standards • ANSI/EIA 152-C-1988 - Minimum Standa rds for La nd Mobil e Communi- cat ion FM o r PM Trans mitters, 25-866 MHz. • ANSI/EIA/TIA 204-D- 1989 - Minimum Stand ards for Land Mobile Com- muni cation FM or P M Receiv e rs, 25-866 MHz . • EIA RS-382 - Mini m um Stand a rds Cit izens Rad[...]

253 10 HP 8920A Specifica ti ons[...]

254 Specific a tions de scribe the Test Set’ s warrant ed performance and are valid over the ent ire operating/e nvir onmental range unles s othe r wise noted. Supplemental Characte ristics are intend e d to provide addi tional information useful in ap plying the instrument b y giving typical, but non-wa rra nted perf ormance parameter s. These c[...]

Signal Generator Specifications 255 Signal Gen erator Speci fications RF Freque nc y Ra ng e: 250 kHz to 1 GHz A ccuracy and Stability: Same as reference oscillato r ± 0.01 5 Hz Switchi ng Spe ed: <150 ms to within 100 Hz o f carr i er f requenc y Resolut ion: 1 Hz Output RF I N/OUT Connector: Standard: Level Range: − 137 t o − 19 dB m i nt[...]

Signal Generator S pecifications 256 DUP LEX OUT Co n n ector: Leve l Rang e: − 127 to +7 dBm into 50 Ω Leve l A ccu racy: ± 1. 5 dB (ty pic al ± 1. 0 dB fo r al l levels ) Reverse Power: 200 mW maxi mum SWR: RF I N /OUT: <1. 5:1 DUPLEX OUT: <2.0:1 (leve l < − 4 dBm) Resol ution: 0. 1 dB[...]

Signal Generator Specifications 257 Spect ral Pur ity Spuri ous Signal s: For ≤ 1 dBm output leve l at D UPLEX OUT or ≤− 25 dBm outp ut level at RF IN/OUT: Harmonics : < − 30 dB c Non-Harmoni c Spurious : < − 60 dBc (at >5 kHz offs et from carrier) R esidual FM (rms, CCI TT): SSB Phase Noise: Tabl e 2 Fre quen cy Range HP 8920A S[...]

Signal Generator S pecifications 258 FM FM De viation: Rat es >25 Hz 100 kHz: for f c from 0.2 5 to < 249 MHz 50 kHz: for f c from 249 to < 501 MHz 100 kHz: for f c from 501 to 1000 MHz FM not specif ie d for (f c mi nu s F M de v . ) <2 50 kH z FM Ra te: 1 kHz reference: Inte rna l: DC to 25 kHz (1 dB BW) Exte rnal, AC Couple d: 20 Hz [...]

Signal Generator Specifications 259 AM Freque ncy Range: 1.5 to 1000 MHz ( usabl e to 250 k Hz ) A M Depth: For RF IN/OUT levels ≤− 25 d B m or D UP LE X O U T le v el s ≤ +1 dB m: 0 to 9 0% (usabl e to 99%) 0 to 7 0% (usabl e to 99%) (HP 8920A Option 050 or HP 8920D) AM R at e: 20 Hz t o 25 k Hz (3 dB b andwi dth) A M A c cur a cy: ≤ 10% A[...]

Signal Generator S pecifications 260 TDMA S ignal Generat or (HP 8920D or 8920A with Option 050 and HP 83201A) Frequency Range: 824 MHz to 894 MHz Output Level Range: RF I n/Out: − 22 dBm to − 127 dBm Duplex Out: +4 dBm to − 127 dBm Residual Erro r Vector M agnitude: %<3. 0% Resi d ua l P h as e Er ro r : %<2. 6 ° Residual M agnitude E[...]

Audio Source S pecifications 261 Audio Source Specifications (These spec ifications a pply to both inte rnal sources) F re q ue nc y Rang e : dc t o 25 kHz A cc ura cy: 0.02 5% of s ett ing Resolut ion: 0.1 Hz Output Level Ra ng e: 0. 1 mV to 4 Vrms Max i mu m Out pu t Curr ent: 20 m A peak Output I mpedance : <1 Ω (1 kHz) A cc ura cy: ± 2% o[...]

RF Anal yzer Specifications 262 RF Analy zer Specificat ions RF P ower Measureme nt Standard Frequ enc y Ra nge: 400 kHz to 1 GHz Mea s uremen t Ran g e: 1 mW to 60 W cont inuous 100 W for 10 se conds/minut e (meas ured at RF IN/ OUT connector ) Accuracy: ± 10 % o f r e ad i n g ± 1 mW SW R: < 1 .5 :1 Re solu tio n: Powe r <10 W: 1 mW Pow e[...]

RF Anal yzer Specifications 263 RF F requency Me asu rement Measurem ent Range: 400 kHz to 1 GHz Level Ra n ge: RF IN/OUT: Sta n dar d: 1 mW to 60 W conti nuous 100 W f or 10 se co nds/minut e Option 007 : 40 µ W t o 2.4 W continuou s 4.0 W for 10 seconds /m inute Option 008 : 0.1 mW to 6 W continuous 10 W fo r 10 se conds/minut e ANT IN: − 36 d[...]

RF Anal yzer Specifications 264 FM M easurem ent Frequency Range: 5 MHz to 1 GHz ( usable to 4 00 kHz ) Deviat ion: 20 Hz to 75 kHz Sen siti v it y: 2 µ V (15 kHz IF BW, H igh S e nsi tivity Mode, 0.3 to 3 kHz BW) (typ ica l <1 µ V (12 dB SINAD, f c ≥ 10 M H z )) Ac cura cy: ± 4% of rea ding pl us re sidua l FM and noi se c ontr ibution (20[...]

RF Anal yzer Specifications 265 AM Measurement Freque ncy Range: 10 MHz to 1 GHz ( usabl e to 400 k Hz) D epth: 0 to 95 % A cc ura cy: ± 5% of rea ding ± 1.5% AM (50 Hz to 10 kHz rat es, mod ulati on ≤ 80%) THD+No ise: < 2% rms f or modulation ≤ 80% AM (1 kHz rat e in a 0.3 to 3 kHz BW) Input L evel for Specified Ac curacy (levels in PEP):[...]

RF Anal yzer Specifications 266 SSB Measu re ment Frequency Range: 400 kHz to 1 GHz Bandwidth (3 dB ): 20 Hz to 70 kHz Dist or tion a n d Nois e: <3% at 1 kHz rate in a 0. 3 to 3 kHz BW[...]

RF Anal yzer Specifications 267 TDMA An alyzer (HP 8920D or 8920A with Option 050 and HP 83201A) Freque ncy Range: 824 MHz to 894 MHz Input L evel Range: RF In/Ou t: 1 m W to 60W (0 to +47.8 dBm ) Antenna : − 36 to +17 dBm Input Freque ncy Setting Error: 1 kHz R X DSP L evel Setting Range: − 23 to 0 dB f ul l s c a l e R esidual E rror Vector M[...]

AF Analyzer Specifications 268 AF Analy zer Specificat ions Frequ ency M easuremen t Mea surem ent R a n ge: 20 Hz to 400 kHz Ac cura cy: ± 0.02% pl us r e soluti on plus timebas e a ccuracy External In put: 20 mV to 30 Vrms Resol ution: f <10 kHz: 0.0 1 Hz f <100 kHz: 0. 1 Hz f ≥ 100 kHz: 1 Hz AC Vol tage Measu rement Mea surem ent R a n [...]

AF Analyzer Specifications 269 Distort ion Meas urem ent Fundam en tal Frequen cy: 1 kHz ± 5 Hz Optional F reque ncy Range: 300 Hz to 10 kHz ± 5% (Option 019) Input L evel Range: 30 mV t o 30 V rms Display Range : 0.1% t o 100% A cc ura cy: ± 1 dB (0.5 t o 100% distor tion) for tones from 300 to 1500 Hz measured with the 15 kHz LPF ± 1.5 dB (1.[...]

AF Analyzer Specifications 270 Audio Filt ers Standard < 20 Hz HPF 50 Hz HPF 300 Hz HPF 300 Hz LPF 3 kHz LPF 15 kHz LPF > 99 kHz LPF 750 µ de -e m ph a sis 1 kHz notch Optional C-Me s sa ge CCITT 400 Hz HPF 4 kHz BPF 6 kHz BPF 300 Hz to 10 kHz (vari abl e, opti on 019) Au dio De tec tors : RMS, RMS * SQ RT2 , Pk+ , Pk − , Pk+hold, Pk − h[...]

Oscilloscope Specifications 271 Oscilloscope Specifications Freque ncy Range: 2 H z to 50 kHz (3 dB BW) Scale/Di vision: 10 mV t o 10 V A mpl i tu de Ac cu r acy : ± 1.5% of re adi ng ± 0.1 divi sion. (20 Hz to 10 kHz) Time/Di vision : 1 µ sec to 200 m se c 3 dB Bandwid th: Typi cally >100 kHz Inte r nal DC Offset: ≤ 0. 1 div ( ≥ 50 µ V/[...]

Spectrum A nalyzer Specifications (Option 102) 272 Spectru m Anal yzer Sp ecificat ion s (Opti on 102) Freque ncy Frequency Range: 400 kHz to 1 GHz Frequency Span/Resolution Bandwid th (coupled): Displ ay: L og with 10 dB/ div, 2 dB/di v, or 1 dB/ div Displ ay Range : 80 dB Reference Level Range: +50 to − 50 dB m Residual Re sponse s: < − 70[...]

Spectrum A nalyzer Specifications (Option 102) 273 Tr a c kin g Ge ne r a to r (Incl ude d wit h Option 102) Freque ncy Range: 400 kHz to 1 GHz Freque ncy O ffset: Fre que ncy s pan end points ± frequen c y of fs et can not be < 400 kHz or ≥ 1 GHz Output L evel Range: Same as sign al g enerat or Swe ep Mo de s : No rmal an d inverte d[...]

Spectrum A nalyzer Specifications (Option 102) 274 Adjacen t Chan nel P ower (Includ e d with Option 1 02) Relative Me asurements: Leve l Rang e: Antenn a In: − 40 dBm to +20 dBm RF/ I nput : 0.16 mW ( − 8 d Bm ) t o 60 W (47.8 d B m) conti nuous; o r up t o 100 m W ( 50 dBm) for 10 seconds/ m inut e Dynamic R ang e: T ypi cal values for channe[...]

Spectrum A nalyzer Specifications (Option 102) 275 Abs o l ute Ac cu r a cy: RF pow er me asur ement acc ura cy f o r a bsolu t e in- cha n nel power: (for inputs > 200 mW): ± 10% of readi ng ± 1 mW (in dB) plu s AC P r e la ti ve ac cu rac y o f ± 2.0 dB Tabl e 6 Channe l Offset Resolut ion Bandwid th Dyna mi c Range 12.5 kHz 8.5 kHz − 65 [...]

Signaling (Option 004) 276 Signa ling ( Opt ion 004 ) Capabilit y for gen e rating a nd analyzin g the f ollowing formats: CDCSS, DTMF, 1 TONE, 2 TONE, 5/6 TONE S EQUENTIAL, RPC1, POCSAG, EIA, CCITT, C CIR, ZVEI, DZVEI , GOLAY, EEA, AMPS/ EAMPS/NAMPS, TACS/ETACS, JTACS/NTACS, NMT-450, NMT- 900, LTR ® 1 , EDACS™, MPT 1327, and TDMA dual-mode LTR [...]

DC C urrent Meter (Option 103) 277 DC Current Met er (Option 103) Measurem ent Range: 0 to 10 A ( usable to 20 A ) A cc ura cy: The great er of 10% of re ading after zero ing or 30 mA (level s > 100 mA)[...]

Remote Programm ing (Option 103) 278 Rem ote Pr og ra mm ing (Opt ion 103) HP-I B: Hewle tt-Pack a rd’s implement a tion of IEEE S tand ard 488.2 Functions Im plemente d: S H1, A H1, T 6, L 4, S R1, R L1, L E0, TE0, PP0, DC 1, D T 1 , C4 , C11 , E2 RS-232: Six-wi re RJ-11 connect or provide s two thre e-wire se rial port s for se ria l data in an[...]

Reference O sci llator Specif ications 279 Reference Oscillator Specif icati ons TCXO (Standard) Te mp er atu r e: 1 ppm (0 to +55 ° C) Ag in g: < 2 ppm/year Warm -up Time: < 30 secon ds to b e with in ± 2 ppm of fi nal f requency OCXO (Option 001) Te mp er atu r e: 0.05 ppm (0 to +55 ° C) Ag in g: < 0.5 ppm/yea r (< 1 ppm in first y[...]

Save/Recall Registers 280 Save/Recall Regist ers Approximat e ly 128 kilobyte s R AM available for non-vola til e save/ recall of settings. This typic a lly will allow you to save >100 sets of instrume nt settings , de p endi ng on the type of informati on saved. Additiona l save/ recal l s torag e m em ory c an be add ed b y o rder ing Option 0[...]

General S pecifications 281 Gener al Specificat i ons Si ze : 7.5 H x 1 3 W x 1 9 inch es ( 188 H x 330 W x 45 6 D mm) Wei ght: 35 lbs (17.1 kg) full y opti one d CRT S iz e: 7 x 10 cm Operating T em perat u re: 0 to +55 ° C Sto rage Tem per a t ure: − 55 to +75 ° C Powe r: AC: 100 to 240 V, 48 to 440 Hz, nomi nall y 80 watts DC: 11 to 28 V, no[...]

General Specifications 282[...]

283 11 HP 8920B Sp eci ficat ions Specific ations de scribe th e Te st Set’s warranted pe rformance a nd are valid over the entire operating/ environmenta l range unle ss otherwise noted.[...]

284 Supplemental Characte ristics are intend e d to provide addi tional information useful in ap plying the instrument b y giving typical, but non-wa rra nted perf ormance parameter s. These characte r istic s are shown in italic s and are sometimes la beled “ typical ” , “usa ble to” , or “nominal”.[...]

Signal Generator Specifications 285 Signal Gen erator Speci fications RF Freque nc y Ra ng e: 250 kHz to 1 GHz A ccuracy and Stability: Same as reference oscillato r ± 0.01 5 Hz Switchi ng Spe ed: <150 ms to within 100 Hz o f carr i er f requenc y Resolut ion: 1 Hz[...]

Signal Generator S pecifications 286 Outp ut RF IN/O UT Connector: Standard: Lev el Range: − 137 to − 19 dBm into 50 Ω Leve l A c cur acy : ± 1.2 d B (lev e l ≥ − 127 dBm) (typical ± 1 .0 dB fo r al l le v els) Revers e Power: 60 W c onti nuous 100 W for 10 s e conds/ m inut e Option 0 07: Lev el Range: − 137 to − 5 dBm int o 50 Ω[...]

Signal Generator Specifications 287 Spect ral Pur ity Spuri ous Signal s: For ≤ 1 dBm output leve l at D UPLEX OUT or ≤− 25 dBm outp ut level at RF IN/OUT: Harmonics : < − 30 dB c Non-Harmoni c Spurious : < − 60 dBc (at >5 kHz offs et from carrier) R esidual FM (rms, CCI TT): <7 Hz for 2 50 kHz ≤ f c < 249 MH z <4 Hz f[...]

Signal Generator S pecifications 288 FM FM De viation: Rat es >25 Hz 100 kHz: for f c from 0.2 5 to < 249 MHz 50 kHz: for f c from 249 to < 501 MHz 100 kHz: for f c from 501 to 1000 MHz FM not specif ie d for (f c mi nu s F M de v . ) <2 50 kH z FM Ra te: 1 kHz reference: Inte rna l: DC to 25 kHz (1 dB BW) Exte rnal, AC Couple d: 20 Hz [...]

Signal Generator Specifications 289 AM Freque ncy Range: 1.5 to 1000 MHz ( usabl e to 250 k Hz ) A M Depth: For RF IN/OUT levels ≤− 25 d B m or D UP LE X O U T le v el s ≤ +1 dB m: 0 to 9 0% (usabl e to 99%) 0 to 7 0% (usabl e to 99%) (HP 8920B Option 051) AM R at e: 20 Hz t o 25 k Hz (3 dB b andwi dth) A M A c cur a cy: ≤ 10% AM: ± 5% of [...]

Signal Generator S pecifications 290 TDMA S ignal Generat or HP 8920B Option 500 (include s HP 83201B) Frequency Range: 824 MHz to 894 MHz Output Level Range: RF I n/Out: − 22 to − 127 dB m Duplex Out: +4 to − 127 dBm Residual Erro r Vector M agnitude: %<3. 0% Resi d ua l P h as e Er ro r : %<2. 6 ° Residual M agnitude Erro r: %<2.6[...]

Audio Source S pecifications 291 Audio Source Specifications (These spec ifications a pply to both inte rnal sources) F re q ue nc y Rang e : dc t o 25 kHz A cc ura cy: 0.02 5% of s ett ing Resolut ion: 0.1 Hz Output Level Ra ng e: 0. 1 mV to 4 Vrms Max i mu m Out pu t Curr ent: 20 m A peak Output I mpedanc e: <1 Ω (1 kHz) A cc ura cy: ± 2% o[...]

RF Anal yzer Specifications 292 RF Analy zer Specificat ions RF P ower Measureme nt 1 1. To a chi eve the sp eci fied accuracy when measuri ng power at the RF IN/OUT po r t , t he in t ernal signal generat or level mus t be 60 dB belo w the meas ur ed power or le ss than -20 dB m at the DUPLEX por t. Standard Frequ enc y Ra nge: 400 kHz to 1 GHz Me[...]

RF Anal yzer Specifications 293 RF F requency Me asu rement Measurem ent Range: 400 kHz to 1 GHz Level Ra n ge: RF IN/OUT: Sta n dar d: 1 mW to 60 W conti nuous 100 W f or 10 se co nds/minut e Option 007 : 40 υµ o 2. 4 W continu ous 4.0 W for 10 seconds /m inute ANT IN: − 36 dBm to +20 dBm A cc ura cy: ± 1 Hz plus tim ebase acc uracy Frequenc [...]

RF Anal yzer Specifications 294 FM M easurem ent Frequency Range: 5 MHz to 1 GHz ( usable to 4 00 kHz ) Deviat ion: 20 Hz to 75 kHz Sen siti v it y: 2 µ V (15 kHz I F BW, Hig h Sens itivity Mode, 0.3 t o 3 kHz BW) (typical <1 µ V (1 2 d B SI N A D , f c ≥ 10 MHz )) Ac cura cy: ± 4% of reading pl us resi dual F M and noi se contr ibut ion (2[...]

RF Anal yzer Specifications 295 AM Measurement Freque ncy Range: 10 MHz to 1 GHz ( usabl e to 400 k Hz) D epth: 0 to 95 % A cc ura cy: ± 5% of rea ding ± 1.5% AM (50 Hz to 10 kHz rat es, mod ulati on ≤ 80%) THD+No ise: < 2% rms f or modulation ≤ 80% AM (1 kHz rat e in a 0.3 to 3 kHz BW) Input L evel for Specified Ac curacy (levels in PEP):[...]

RF Anal yzer Specifications 296 TDMA An alyzer HP 8920B Option 500 (include s HP 83201B) Frequency Range: 824 MHz to 894 MHz Input Level Range: RF In/Out : 1m W to 60W (0 to 47. 8 dBm) Antenna In: − 36 to +17 dBm Input Frequenc y Setting Error: 1kHz RX DSP Level Setting Range: − 23 to 0 dB f ull sc ale Residual Erro r Vector M agnitude: %<1.[...]

AF Analyzer Specifications 297 AF Analyzer Specifications Freque ncy Meas uremen t Measurem ent Range: 20 Hz to 400 kHz A cc ura cy: ± 0.02% plus resol ution plu s timeba se accura cy Externa l Input: 20 m V to 30 Vr ms Resolut ion: f <10 kHz: 0. 01 Hz f <100 kHz: 0. 1 Hz f ≥ 10 0 kHz: 1 Hz AC Voltage Measurement Measurem ent Range: 0 to 3[...]

AF Analyzer Specifications 298 Distorti on Me asuremen t Fundame ntal Frequency Range: 300 Hz to 10 kHz ± 5% Input Level Range: 3 0 mV t o 30 V rm s Displ ay Range : 0.1% to 100 % Ac cura cy: ± 1 dB (0.5 t o 100% dis t ortion ) for tones from 300 to 1500 Hz meas ured with t he 15 kHz LPF ± 1.5 d B (1.5 t o 100% dis tortion) for ton es from 30 0 [...]

AF Analyzer Specifications 299 Audio Fi lte r s Sta n da rd < 20 Hz HPF 50 Hz HPF 300 Hz HPF 300 Hz LPF 3 kHz LPF 15 kHz LPF > 99 kHz LPF 750 µ s de-em pha sis 300 Hz to 1 0 kHz (Vari able F re quenc y Notc h filt er) Optional C- Mes s age CCI T T 400 Hz HPF 4 kHz BPF 6 kHz BPF Audio Detecto r s: RMS , RM S* S Q RT2 , Pk+ , Pk − , Pk+hold,[...]

Oscilloscope Speci fications 300 Oscillosc o pe Speci f ications Frequency Range: 2 Hz to 50 kHz (3 dB BW) Scale /Divisio n : 10 mV t o 10 V Amp li tu de A ccu racy : ± 1.5% of rea di ng ± 0.1 di vis ion. (20 Hz to 10 kHz) Time /Divis ion: 1 µ sec t o 200 m sec Trig ger De lay Range : 20 µ se c to 3.2 s ec 3 dB Bandwidt h: Typi c ally >100 k[...]

Spectrum A nalyzer Specifications (Option 102) 301 Spectrum Analyzer Specifications (Optio n 102) F re q ue nc y Frequency Range: 400 kHz to 1 GHz Freque ncy Span/R esolution Bandwidth (coupled): Display: Log with 10 dB/ div, 2 dB/d iv, or 1 dB/div Display Range : 80 dB Refe rence Le vel Ra n g e: +5 0 to − 50 dBm R esidual Re sponse s: < − [...]

Spectrum A nalyzer Specifications (Option 102) 302 Track ing Generat o r (Includ e d with Option 1 02) Frequency Range: 400 kHz to 1 GHz Frequenc y Offse t: Frequenc y span endpoint s ± frequency offse t canno t be < 4 00 kHz or ≥ 1 GHz Output Level Range: Same as signal generat or Sweep Modes: Normal and in vert ed Adjacen t Chan nel P ower [...]

Spectrum A nalyzer Specifications (Option 102) 303 A b so lut e L e ve l Me as ure me n t s: Leve l: Resu lts of absolut e power in W att s or dBm are met by addi ng the ACP ratio fr om the spect rum anal yzer to the car rie r power from the in - put se ct ion RF power dete ct or. Leve l Ra nge: Antenna: Not applicabl e RF/Inpu t: 1 mW (0 dBm) to 6[...]

Signaling (Option 004) 304 Signa ling ( Opt ion 004 ) Capabilit y for gen e rating a nd analyzin g the f ollowing formats: CDCSS, DTMF, 1 TONE, 2 TONE, 5/6 TONE S EQUENTIAL, RPC1, POCSAG, EIA, CCITT, C CIR, ZVEI, DZVEI , GOLAY, EEA, AMPS/ EAMPS/NAMPS, TACS/ETACS, JTACS/NTACS, NMT-450, NMT- 900, LTR ® 1 , EDACS™, MPT 1327, and TDMA dual-mode LTR?[...]

DC Cu r re n t M et e r 305 DC Current Met er Measurem ent Range: 0 to 10 A ( usable to 20 A ) A cc ura cy: The great er of 10% of re ading after zero ing or 30 mA (level s > 100 mA)[...]

Remote Programm ing 306 Rem ote Pr og ra mm ing HP-I B: Hewle tt-Pack a rd’s implement a tion of IEEE S tand ard 488.2 Functions Im plemente d: S H1, A H1, T 6, L 4, S R1, R L1, L E0, TE0, PP0, DC 1, D T 1 , C4 , C11 , E2 RS-232: Six-wi re RJ-11 connect or provide s two thre e-wire se rial port s for se ria l data in and out (no ha rdwar e ha nd [...]

Memory C ard Specifications 307 Memory Card S pecificat i ons Card Compatibil ity: Single indust ry st a ndard PCMCIA slot acce pts Type I or Type II SRAM a nd ROM memory card s. Storage Capabili ty: Allows for the stora ge and retrieva l of IBASIC progra m para meter a nd result s data, i nput of new calibra tion data , and long-t e rm storage of [...]

Reference Osci llat or Specifications 308 Ref eren ce Osc ill ator Sp eci ficat ions T CX O ( S tan d ard ) Temp eratur e: 1 ppm ( 0 to +55 ° C) Agin g: < 2 ppm/year War m-up T ime : < 30 se c onds to be wi thin ± 2 ppm of final frequenc y OCXO (Option 001) Temp eratur e: 0. 05 ppm (0 to + 55 ° C) Agin g: < 0.5 ppm/yea r ( < 1 ppm in[...]

General S pecifications 309 Gener al Specificat i ons Si ze : 7.5 H x 1 3 W x 1 9 inch es ( 188 H x 330 W x 45 6 D mm) Wei ght: 37 lbs (16.8 kg) full y opti one d CRT S iz e: 7 x 10 cm Operating T em perat u re: 0 to +55 ° C Sto rage Tem per a t ure: − 55 to +75 ° C Powe r: AC: 100 to 240 V, 48 to 440 Hz, nomi nall y 80 watts DC: 11 to 28 V, no[...]

General Specifications 310[...]

Glossar y 311 TERMS - Access- Acce ssi ng a scre en or fi eld means to displa y or go to it. Access- Acce ssi ng a scre en or fi eld means to displa y or go to it. Select To c hoose a s ele ction wit hin a fiel d or screen. Set C h oos e a s p ecif i c pa ram e ter or value withi n a field. ACRONYMS - AMPS-TACS Advanced Mobile Phone Servi ce - Tota[...]

Glo ss ary 312 NPC No Prima r y Code OSC Oscill oscop e RF Radi o Fr eque ncy RFGen Radio F reque ncy Gener ator RIT Receiv er Incr ement al Tun ing RX Re ceive r SSB Singl e Side Band TX Transm itter USB Uppe r-side-ba nd VAC Volt s Alter nat ing Current VDC Volt s Direct Current[...]

313 Inde x Nu m eri cs 1/4 W ave Coa xia l Tunin g (Swep t) , 214 20 dB Quie ting S ensit iv ity Me as ure- ment , 91 A Add iti onal M easur ement In form atio n , 48 Addit ional T est Equi pment Re quire- ments , 44 AGC Measur eme nt , 143 AM AGC Mea suremen t , 143 Au di o Dist ortion M easure ment , 128 , 152 Au dio Fr equen cy R espo nse Me asu[...]

Index 314 D Da t a En try Key s , 33 DC Power Configuration , 244 Det ermi ning Unkn own A M T ransm it ter Carri er Frequency , 119 Deviat ion Measur ement , 56 , 59 , 65 , 67 , 70 Di st or tio n Me a s ur eme n t , 17 4 DTMF Encod ing Mea s ur ement , 70 E Env elope Dis play Measurem ent , 133 F Featu res , 26 Field St r e ng th Measur ement , 19[...]

315 Inde x Frequ ency Meas urement , 87 , 140 FM Ra dio Testi ng , 48 FM Recei ver Testin g , 79 , 173 FM T ra nsmit ter T est in g , 52 , 162 Fre que ncy Err or Measu rement , 163 Fre quency Me asureme nt , 163 Fre quency/F reque ncy Error M easure - ment , 56 , 122 Fr on t P ane l , 28 Fr on t P a nel C o nne c to rs , 38 Fr on t P a nel C o nt r[...]

Index 316 I In sta lla tio n , 24 4 Int er modulat ion Disto rtion , 200 M Manu al Con vention s , 24 Mau na l Co nt en ts , 24 Max imu m Squ elc h Sen sitiv it y Mea- surement , 93 , 14 5 Measu rement C onsid er at ions , 50 , 116 , 160 , 188 , 234 Measur emen t Info rmatio n , 48 Measur emen ts, Perform ing , 247 Memory Card Slot , 39 Mic rophone[...]

317 Inde x P Passive Cavity Insertion Lo ss Measureme nt , 222 Retur n Lo s s Measu rement , 222 Perform ing Measu rements , 247 Pr ese ts , 48 R Rate d RF Ou tput P ower Measuremen t , 166 Rear P anel Connect ors , 40 Rear P anel Features , 40 Recei ver Center Fr equency Me asure- ment , 83 Receiver Testin g , 48 Repeater System Effect ive Sensiti[...]

Index 318 Spur ious Re sponse A t ten uati on Mea- surement , 111 , 155 Squel ch S ensitiv i ty Measur eme nt , 146 , 182 SSB Audio O utput Power Meas ure ment , 174 Car rier S uppres sion M easure ment , 166 Distor t ion Measur ement , 17 4 Freq uency Err or Measur eme nt , 16 3 Frequenc y Measur emen t , 163 Harmoni c Out p ut Measurem ent , 170 [...]

319 Inde x V Varia tion Of Se nsi tivity W ith S igna l Fr eque ncy M easure ment , 87 , 140[...]