Fluke 2470 manual

PN 3974971 December 2010 © 2010 Fluke Corporation. All rights reserved. Pri nted in U SA. Speci fications are subje ct to change w ithout notice. All product names are trademarks of their respectiv e companies. RUSKA 2470 Gas Lubricated Piston Pressure Gauge Users Manual[...]

LIMITED WARRANTY AND LIMITATION OF LIABILITY Each Fluke product is warranted to be free from defec ts in material a nd workmanship under norm al use and service. The warranty period is one year and begi ns on the date of shipment. Parts, product repairs, and services are warranted for 90 days. This warranty extends only to the origi nal buyer or en[...]

i Table of Contents Chapter Title Page 1 Introduction ......................................................................................... 1-1 How to Contact Fluke ........................................................................................ 1-1 Safety Information .....................................................................[...]

RUSKA 2470 Users Manual ii Precautions ......................................................................................................... 5-1 General ............................................................................................................... 5-2 Low Range Piston Assembly ...................................................[...]

iii List of Tables Table Title Page 1-1. Symbols .................................................................................................................. 1-2[...]

RUSKA 2470 Users Manual iv[...]

v List of Figures Figure Title Page 2-1. Simple Cylinder ..................................................................................................... 2-1 2-2. Re-Entrant Cylinder ............................................................................................... 2-1 2-3. Controlled Clearance Cylinder ...........................[...]

RUSKA 2470 Users Manual vi 6-11. Preparing the Kim Wipe for Cleaning the High Range Cylinder - Step 2 ............. 6-11 6-12. Preparing the Kim Wipe for Cleaning the High Range Cylinder - Step 3 ............. 6-11 6-13. Cleaning the High Range Cylinder ........................................................................ 6-11 6-14. Drying the H[...]

1-1 Chapter 1 Introduction How to Contact Fluke To order accessories, receive operating assistance, or get the location of the nearest Fluke distributor or Service Center, call: • Technical Support USA: 1-800-99-FLUKE (1-800-993-5853) • Calibration/Repair USA: 1-888-99-FLUKE (1-888-993-5853) • Canada: 1-800-36-FLUKE (1-800-363-5853) • Europ[...]

RUSKA 2470 Users Manual 1-2 Lubricants and Seals DO NOT use hydrocarbon lubricants in this device, use only approved lubricants. Always use replacement parts specified by Fluke. For more information regarding comm on repl acement parts and recommended lubricants, see Appendix B. Oxygen Compatibility This Instrument has been designed with co mponent[...]

Introduction Specifications 1 1-3 Specifications Low Range Piston Pressure Range (Model 2465) 1.4 to 172 kPa (0.2 to 25 psi) psi gauge Pressure Range (Model 2468) 1.4 to 345 kPa (0.2 to 50 psi) psi gauge Pressure Uncertainty Rating 0.0010% (10 ppm) or 0.07 Pa (1.0E-05 psi), whichever is gr eater (1,2) Uncertainty Threshold 7 kPa (1 psi) Resolution [...]

RUSKA 2470 Users Manual 1-4 Temperature Range Operating 18 ºC to 28 ºC Storage -40 ºC to 70 ºC when thermometer and lo w range piston & Cylinder are stored separately from each other. Humidity Range Operating 20% to 75% noncondensin g Storage 0% to 90% noncondensing Pressure Mediu m Clean dry gas, Nitrogen or eq uivalent, regulated to a pre[...]

2-1 Chapter 2 General Piston Pressure Gauge Considerations Types of Piston Pressure Gauges The piston pressure gauge is sometimes regard ed as an absolute instrument because of the principle by which it measures pressure. An absolute instrument is defined here as one capable of measuring a quantity in the fundam ental units of mass, length, time, e[...]

RUSKA 2470 Users Manual 2-2 SEC O N D A RY P RESSU RE PRE S S U RE I N glg45.eps Figure 2-3. Controlled Clearan ce Cylinder When the simple cylinder of 2-1 is subjected to an increase in pressure, the fluid, exerting a relatively large total force normal to the surface of confinement, expands the cylinder and thus increases its area. A pressure-dro[...]

General Piston Pressure Gauge Consideration s Calculations 2 2-3 Measurement of pressure with the piston pressure gauge is subject to uncertainties resulting from effects other than those of elastic distortion. But, it was appropriate that the subject of elastic distortion be discussed first, since this characteristic is largely responsible for the[...]

RUSKA 2470 Users Manual 2-4 Elastic Distortion of the Cylinder As the pressure is increased within a piston pressure gauge, the resulting stress produces a temporary and reversible deformation of the cylinder. The net effect is a change in the effective area of the piston-cylinder combin ation. If the change in the area is a linear function of the [...]

General Piston Pressure Gauge Consideration s Measurement of Pressure with the Piston Pressure Gau ge 2 2-5 Although the trend is swinging toward the use of true mass in favor of apparent mass, there is a small advantage in the use of the latter. When making calculations for air buoyancy from values of apparent mass, it is unnecessary to know the d[...]

RUSKA 2470 Users Manual 2-6 It is common practice to associate this positi on directly with the piston as the datum to which all measurements made with the piston are referenced. It is called the reference plane of measurement, and its location is dete rmined from the dimensions of the piston. If the submerged portion of the piston is of uni form c[...]

General Piston Pressure Gauge Consideration s Measurement of Pressure with the Piston Pressure Gau ge 2 2-7 glg03.bmp Figure 2-5. Head Correction Measurement () g h P P P AIR m H * * − = Where: h is the vertical distance between the reference plane of the Standard and the reference plane of the DUT (Device Under Test) ρ air is the density of the[...]

RUSKA 2470 Users Manual 2-8 For good work, a piston pressure gauge should be provided with an index mark for associating the reference of the piston with othe r planes of interest within a system. The design of this index will vary with the design and m anufacture of the instrument, it may be in the form or an index rod with scribed lines on i t, a[...]

General Piston Pressure Gauge Consideration s Measurement of Pressure with the Piston Pressure Gau ge 2 2-9 6. Johnson, D. P., and D. H. Newhall, "T he Piston Gauge is a Precise Measuring Instrument", Trans. of ASME, April, 1953. 7. Newhall, D. H. and L. H. Abbot, "Controlled-Clearance Piston Gauge", Measurements and Data, Jan.-[...]

RUSKA 2470 Users Manual 2-10[...]

3-1 Chapter 3 Description General Information The RUSKA Gas Lubricated Piston Pressure Gauge, model 2470 is a pneumatic pressure standard designed for the accurate genera tion and measurement of gas pressures to 3000 psig. This measurement is accomplish ed in the basic manner of using the fundamental pressure equation PRESSURE = FORCE/AREA (see Cha[...]

RUSKA 2470 Users Manual 3-2 Description of the Mass Set All masses of the Mass Set as supplied with this gauge are made of non-magnetic, austenitic (series 300) stainless steel (1). They are machined from rolled stock or forgings, and the removal of any metal is performed in such a way as to maintain balance about the centerline. Final mass adjustm[...]

Description Description of the Gauge Base 3 3-3 gmq05.bmp Figure 3-2. Base wi th 2468 P/C Installed[...]

RUSKA 2470 Users Manual 3-4[...]

4-1 Chapter 4 Installation Introduction The gauge should be installed in a room wh ere the temperature is maintained between 18 ºC to 28 ºC. The actual temperature is not as important as the stability in temperature. There should not be excessive personnel tra ffic and air drafts. Airborne dust is undesirable, but clean-room standards are not req[...]

RUSKA 2470 Users Manual 4-2 4. Mount the FPIs (Float Position Sensors) to the blocks, orient the FP I sensors such that their cables are trail away from the base in the same direction as the PRT cable. 5. Route the cables from the FPIs and the PRT such that they do not interfere with other activities on the calibration bench. 6. Connect the PRT and[...]

Installation Introduction 4 4-3 gmq07.eps Figure 4-2. Plumbing and Reco mmended A ncillary Equipment[...]

RUSKA 2470 Users Manual 4-4[...]

5-1 Chapter 5 Operation Precautions 1. Do not over pressure the piston 2. Do not increase or decrease the pressure in the gauge rapidly. Alway s use a metering valve for flow control. If possible, hold a hand lig htly on the weights to protect the piston from injury. The maximum rate is 0.7 MPa (1 00 psi) per minute. 3. Before operation, be sure th[...]

RUSKA 2470 Users Manual 5-2 General The cross-section drawings of the Gauge found in Figures 5-1, 5-8 and 5-12 will aid in identifying and assembling the appropriate pa rts, and in determining the order of installation. If the High Range Piston Assembly is to be used, the 2470 Colum n adapter is required. 1. If not in place, remove the 2465/2468 P/[...]

Operation Low Range Piston Asse mbly 5 5-3 gmq09.bmp Figure 5-1. Section Vie w, Low Range Piston/Cylinde r[...]

RUSKA 2470 Users Manual 5-4 F ilter 24-580 Low er Thrust Bearing 2460-4-25 Cylinder Upper T hrust Bearing 2460-5-6 F ilter Retainer 2460-4-27 O-ring 54-703-119 Piston Upper Thrust Wa s h e r 2460-5-5 gmq10.eps Figure 5-2. Parts Required For Lo w Range Piston Operation W Caution When handling the Low Range Piston and Cylinder Assembly, do not allow [...]

Operation Low Range Piston Asse mbly 5 5-5 gmq12.bmp Figure 5-4. Removing Lo w Range Piston and Cylinde r from Container - Step 2 gmq13.bmp Figure 5-5. Handl ing the Low Range Piston and Cylinder - Step 3 4. The Low Range Cylinder (2460-5-1) and Low Range Piston Assem bly (2460-55) should then be placed in the gauge after bei ng cleaned according t[...]

RUSKA 2470 Users Manual 5-6 gmq14.bmp Figure 5-6. Low Range Pis ton and Cylinder Sho wing O-Ring Groove 5. When screwing the Retaining Cap (2460-4-7) on to the cylinder, a slight upward force may be necessary on the piston to properly seat the Piston Retainer (2460-5-5) into the inner recess of the Retaining Cap. See Figure 5-7. gmq15.bmp Figure 5-[...]

Operation Mid Range Piston Assemb ly 5 5-7 8. Install the weight adapter (P/N 2465-2470-736) to t he top of the low range piston cylinder. Take care to account for the ad apter in the pressure calculations. • Add the Mass of the adapter to the tare for the Piston • Add the height of the adapter to the L1 dimension for the Cylinder (approximatel[...]

RUSKA 2470 Users Manual 5-8 gmq16.bmp Figure 5-8. Section Vie w, Mid Range Piston/Cy linder[...]

Operation Mid Range Piston Assemb ly 5 5-9 Filter Lower Thrust Bearing Filter Retainer 2460-4-27 O-Rings 54-703-1 19 Lower Cylinder Spacer 2460-70-3 Piston/Cylinder Assembly Upper Cylinder Spacer 2460-70-2 gmq17.eps Figure 5-9. Parts Required for Ope ration of the Mid Range P/C gmq18.bmp Figure 5-10. Mid Range Pist on/Cylinder Ass embly[...]

RUSKA 2470 Users Manual 5-10 Upper Thrust Bearing 2460-21 Piston Cylinder Retaining Nut (Thrust Block) gmq19.eps Figure 5-11. Retaining Nut and Bearing High Range Piston Assembly Refer to Figure 5-12, 5-13, 5-14 and 5-15. The High Range Piston and Cylinder is installed as follows: 1. Insert the Filter (2470-1-9), Filter Retainer (2470-1- 8), and O-[...]

Operation High Range Piston Assembly 5 5-11 When working at high pressures (over 100 ps i), or after reducing a high pressure to a lower pressure, the high range piston can sometimes seem sticky even if it is clean. Rotating the masses while gently bouncing the weights up and down usually frees the piston in a minute or so. However, if the piston i[...]

RUSKA 2470 Users Manual 5-12 gmq21.bmp Figure 5-13. Parts Re quired for High Range Piston Ope ration gmq22.bmp Figure 5-14. Al ways Use Two Hands to Carry a Piston/Cylinder A ssembly[...]

Operation Establishing Pressure 5 5-13 gmq23.bmp Figure 5-15. Orde r of Installation Establishing Pressure Gauge Pressures Pressure should be admitted slowly into the gauge, preferably through a me tering valve. It is very convenient to have a volume adjusting pump such as RUSKA Series 3990 Manual Pressure Control Packs to adjust th e system pressu[...]

RUSKA 2470 Users Manual 5-14 gmq08.bmp Figure 5-16. Floa t Position When the piston is floating and rotating s l owly (suspended on a gas cushion between piston stops) and not oscillating and the system is at equilibrium , and the Floating position of the piston is within +/- .06 inches (1.5 mm) of the Mid-fl oat line on the column, a reading may b[...]

Operation Maintenance of the Gauge 5 5-15 • WinPrompt ® provides simplicity and efficien cy combined with accuracy and consistency in pressure generation and me asurement using a deadweight gauge. It automatically converts pressure to mass a nd mass to pressure while correcting for piston temperature, head height, absolute a nd gauge references,[...]

RUSKA 2470 Users Manual 5-16[...]

6-1 Chapter 6 Piston / Cylinder Cleaning Instructions General Information and Preparation When it is necessary to clean the Piston/Cylinder Assembly, the Piston Pressure Gauge must be partially disassembled and some of the components set aside until later. Upon removal of the internal components, a degree of risk is involved because of the possibil[...]

RUSKA 2470 Users Manual 6-2 Being forewarned of the hazards, the technici an should wipe the bench and all instrument surfaces in the vicinity of the Piston Pressure Gauge before starting disassembly operations. A wad of Kim-Wipes slightly we tted with a solvent, such as high grade alcohol or acetone will help pick up particles that invariably accu[...]

Piston / Cylinder Cleaning Instructions Cleaning the Low Range Pist on/Cylinder Assembly 6 6-3 5. Prepare additional wipers as necessary for drying the piston and cylinder once they have been washed with soap and water. 6. Scrub the bore of the cylinder using a soft bottle brush, Cashmere Bouquet soap and warm tap water. 7. Rinse thoroughly and dry[...]

RUSKA 2470 Users Manual 6-4 gmq25.bmp Figure 6-2. Preparations for Cleaning the Lo w Range Cylinder gmq26.bmp Figure 6-3. Preparing th e Kim-Wipes - Step 1[...]

Piston / Cylinder Cleaning Instructions Cleaning the Low Range Pist on/Cylinder Assembly 6 6-5 gmq27.bmp Figure 6-4. Preparing th e Kim-Wipes - Step 2 gmq28.bmp Figure 6-5. Preparing the Low Range Cleaning Tool - Step 1[...]

RUSKA 2470 Users Manual 6-6 gmq29.bmp Figure 6-6. Preparing the Low Range Cleaning Tool - Step 2 Mid Range Piston/Cylinder Cleaning supplies (see Figure 6-7) consist of: • Solvent, such as high grade alcohol or acetone • Low-lint paper wipers, such as Kimberly Clark, Kimwipes number 3415 5. • Cleaning tool No. 2460-70-5 • Wooden applicator [...]

Piston / Cylinder Cleaning Instructions Mid Range Piston/Cylind er 6 6-7 gmq31.bmp Figure 6-8. Preparing the Mid Range Cleaning T ool 1. Prepare a clean work area near a running tap water source. 2. Prepare several sets of folded wipers as shown in Figures 6-2 through 6-4. Two wipers can be folded together for wiping the outside of the piston and c[...]

RUSKA 2470 Users Manual 6-8 16. If lint becomes a problem a clean dry gas sour ce can be used to blow the lint off of the parts prior to assembly. 17. Install the thrust bearing around the bottom of the piston. 18. Install the retaining nut on the bottom of the piston and tighten by hand. Do not u se wrenches to tighten the nut. 19. Install the O-r[...]

Piston / Cylinder Cleaning Instructions Cleaning the High Rang e Piston/Cylinder Assembly 6 6-9 5. Pre-clean the piston and cylinder using solvent soaked wipers. 6. Prepare additional wipers as necessary for drying the piston and cylinder once they have been washed with soap and water. 7. Scrub the bore of the cylinder using a soft bottle brush, Ca[...]

RUSKA 2470 Users Manual 6-10 gmq33.bmp Figure 6-10. Preparing the Kim Wipe for Cleaning the High Range Cylinder - Step 1 gmq34.bmp Figure 6-11. Preparing the Kim Wipe for Cleaning the High Range Cylinder - Step 2[...]

Piston / Cylinder Cleaning Instructions Cleaning the High Rang e Piston/Cylinder Assembly 6 6-11 gmq35.bmp Figure 6-12. Preparing the Kim Wipe for Cleaning the High Range Cylinder - Step 3 gmq36.bmp Figure 6-13. Cleaning the High Range Cylinder[...]

RUSKA 2470 Users Manual 6-12 gmq37.bmp Figure 6-14. Drying the High Range Cylinde r[...]

A-1 Appendix A Explanation of "Pressure Calculation Worksheet" Introduction See Tables at the end of this appendix. These tables may be used with gas and hydraulic piston pressure gauges that are operated with an atmospheric reference or vacuum reference. A P represents the pressure at the piston reference gauge level, B P represents the [...]

RUSKA 2470 Users Manual A-2 All of the calculations will be perform ed to this expected temperature ( t ) . A final trim would be calculated to adjust the piston gauge to the temperature of the piston at the time of the actual measurement. This correction is calculated in the last column of the worksheet. This column represents the number of grams [...]

Explanation of "Pressure Calculation Work sheet" Introduction A A-3 For SI Units : () [] b a g K ρ ρ / 1 / 1 1 2 − = where: 1 g = acceleration due to local gravity in m/sec 2 air ρ = density of air in g/cm 3 ; see Equation A-4 am ρ = density of apparent mass; for Apparent Mass versus Brass, 8.4 g/cm 3 for Apparent Mass versus Stainl[...]

RUSKA 2470 Users Manual A-4 I. Column 5 is the pressure required at the refe rence plane of the piston pressure gauge to produce the desired pressure at the reference pl ane of the device being calibrated. When the piston gauge is operating in the absolute mode, the Reference pressure, P R , is subtracted to obtain the differential pressure that th[...]

Explanation of "Pressure Calculation Work sheet" Introduction A A-5 O. Column 11, the remainder from Column 10, is the mass that must be placed on the piston pressure gauge to complete the mass needed to set the desired pressure. This "remainder", recorded in Column 11, is realized with th e Trim Mass set provided with all RUSKA[...]

RUSKA 2470 Users Manual A-6[...]

A-7 PISTON PRESSURE GAUGE PRESSURE CALCULATION WORKSHEET (ENGLISH UNITS) Date Expected Temperature, (t) o C Reference Plane Difference, h inch A o(t) = A o(23) [1 + c(t-23 o C)] inch 2 Mass Set Serial No. Local Gravity, g L cm/sec 2 Piston Serial No. Air Density, ρ air g/cm 3 lb/in 3 A o(23) = A o at 23 o C inch 2 Gravity & Buoyancy, K 1 b 1 /[...]

RUSKA 2470 Users Manual A-8[...]

A-9 PISTON PRESSURE GAUGE PRESSURE CALCULATION WORKSHEET (SI UNITS) Date Expected Temperature, (t) o C Reference Plane Difference, h m A o(t) = A o(23) [1 + c(t-23 o C)] m 2 Mass Set Serial No. Local Gravity, g L m/sec 2 Piston Serial No. Air Density, ρ air g/cm 3 kg/m 3 A o(23) = A o at 23 o C m 2 Gravity & Buoyancy, K 2 b 1 /MPa /Pa Tare, Ma[...]

RUSKA 2470 Users Manual A-10[...]

B-1 Appendix B Equation A-4 — Air Density Equation A-4 — Air Density Air Density ( AIR P ) in units of g/cm 3 , is calculated as follows; () () () () () t e x U x P x t air + − = + − 15 . 273 / 6 . 4990221 0004646 . 0 15 . 273 / 56 . 5315 ρ where: P = Barometric Pressure, (mmHg) t = Air Temperature, (ºC) U = Relative Humidity, (%RH) Nitro[...]

RUSKA 2470 Users Manual B-2 Nitrogen Density — SI Units (0 to 6.9 MPa) To calculate the density of Nitrogen at pressu res from 0.01 MPa gauge to 6.9 MPa, use the following equation; () () P x E m kg DENSITY 05 1347 . 1 / 3 − = where; PRESSURE P = in Pa absolute (if P is in gauge, convert it to Pa absolute by adding barometric pressure, e.g. 101[...]

Equation A-4 — Air Density Conversion Factors B B-3 Conversion Factors Table B-1. Conversion Factors To Convert From To Multiply By Pa N/m 2 1 N/m 2 Pa 1 Pa MPa 10 -6 MPa Pa 10 -6 N/m 2 MPa 10 -6 MPa N/m 2 10 -6 Pa PSI 1.450377 X 10 -4 PSI Pa 6894.76 MPa PSI 145.0377 PSI MPa 6.894 76 X 10 -3 Pa = pascal MPa = megapascal N = newton M = meter Where[...]

RUSKA 2470 Users Manual B-4[...]

C-1 Appendix C Glossary Glossary Ao Effective area of the piston/cylinder at zero pressure and at the reference te mperature. Absolute Pressure measurement referenced to absolute vacuum. See also Gauge. Apparent Mass Reference Density Density used to computer Apparent Mass values. b1 Linear coefficient of elastic distortion. b2 Quadratic coefficien[...]

RUSKA 2470 Users Manual C-2 Density, Air Density of the air used to computer the buoyant effect of air on the masses. May be entered directly or computed from ambient temperature, humidity and pressure. Density, Gas Density of the gas medium used to compute head corrections. Gas density may be entered directly or may be computed from the gas used a[...]

Glossary Glossary C C-3 Head Height Vertical distance between reference planes. A positive value indicates the Device Under Test is higher than the standard. Head Correction Pressure correction for head height. Humidity Current ambient relative humidity. Used to compute air density if not entered as a constant. +INF, -INF Infinity. The number is bi[...]

RUSKA 2470 Users Manual C-4 Pressure Factor Correction for the effect of pressure on the area of the piston. Pressure Units : MPa Megapascals kPa kilopascals hPa hectopascals Pa Pascals bar bars psi pounds per sq uare inch kg/cm 2 kilograms per square centimeter mmHg 0 o C millimeters of mercury at 0 o C cmHg 0 o C centimeters of mercury at 0 o C i[...]

Glossary Glossary C C-5 SI Units : Pressure MPa Ao m 2 b1 m 2 /m 2 /MPa b2 m 2 /m 2 /MPa 2 c m 2 /m 2 / o C Mass kg Head Height cm Elevation m Length m Sink Rate cm/min Vacuum mtorr Temperature o C Trim g Gravity cm/sec 2 Density g/cm 3 Humidity % RH Sink Rate Rate of descent of piston into cylinder. Sleeve Mass Offset Offset is used when a low mas[...]

RUSKA 2470 Users Manual C-6[...]