Furuno CSH-5 MARK-2 manual

COLOR SCANNING SONAR CSH-5 MARK-2[...]

C 9-52 , Ashi har a-ch o, Ni shinom i ya, Ja pa n T e lephone: 0798- 65 -21 1 1 T e lefax: 0798-65-4200 Y o ur Loc al Ag en t/ Deal er All rights re ser v ed. PUB . No . OM E-12990 CSH-5 MA RK2 ( DAMI ) FIRS T EDITION : NOV . 1995 E : DEC. 6, 2000 Prin ted i n J ap an[...]

i i i i i i i i i i i i i i SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS WARNING WARNING ELECTRICAL SHOCK HAZARD Do not open the equipment. Only qualified personnel should work inside the equipment. Immediately turn off the power at the switchboard if water leaks into the equipment or something is dropped in the equipment. Continued use of the equipment can cause fire or e[...]

ii CAUTION CAUTION Do not exceed 18 knots when operating the equipment and do not exceed 16 knots when lowering or raising the transducer. The transducer may become damaged. The zinc block attached near the transducer must be replaced yearly. The junction between the transducer and main shaft may corrode, which can result in loss of the transducer [...]

iii T ABLE OF CONTENTS 1. FOREWORD _________________________________________ 1 2. SYSTEM CONFIGURA TION _____________________________ 2 3. CONTROLS _________________________________________ 3 Operating Controls .......................................................................................................... 3 Main Panel ...................[...]

iv 9. W ARNING __________________________________________ 30 Overvoltage W arning ..................................................................................................... 30 Unretracted T ransducer W arning ................................................................................... 30 10. MENU __________________________________[...]

1 1. FOREWORD The FURUNO CSH-5 MARK-2 Color Scanning Sonar is a full- circle, multibeam electronic scanning sonar which detects and instan- taneously displays fish schools and underwater conditions in 16 colors on a 14" non-glare, high resolution CR T screen. Its ease of operation, versatility and compact size make it the perfect match for any[...]

2 2. SYSTEM CONFIGURA TION System Configuration[...]

3 3. CONTROLS Operating Controls The CSH-5 MARK-2 provides intuitive operation. If you change a control setting you will see the associated reaction on the screen al- most immediately . All operations are carried out from the main panel and the control box. The front panel incorporates mainly controls which do not require frequent adjustment, such [...]

4 Main Panel 4 6 8 2 0 10 4 6 8 2 0 10 4 6 8 2 0 10 4 6 8 2 0 10 4 6 8 2 0 10 4 6 8 2 0 10 NOISE LIM AGC 2 1 3 OFF VP 2 1 3 OFF IR CONTRAST BRILL DIMMER AUDIO POWER ON OFF AGC suppresses the echo tail of strong targets, e.g., the seabed, for easy recognition of fish schools adjacent to the sea bottom. Position "1" or "2" is the [...]

5 Control Box Panel GAIN RANGE TRANSDUCER AUTO TIL T SECTOR SCAN F1 EVENT R/B OFF- CENTER F2 EVENT DELETE MENU TX TIL T -+ -+ TRANSDUCER retracts and lower the transducer . The lamp above the switch flickers while the transducer is moving and lights when stopped. TX turns on the transmitter , freeze the display and turns of f the transmitter . The [...]

6 EVENT displays the latest event mark “ + ” and its position data; i.e., horizontal range, depth and bearing measured from own ship’ s posi- tion. (optional interface board is required to use this function.) T o delete event mark, locate the cursor on a event mark you want to delete and press EVENT DELETE key . R/B draws a straight line, cal[...]

7 Menu Screen The CSH-5 MARK-2 employs four menu screens; menu-l, menu-2 and system menu. Of the four menus, the menu-2 and system menu contain preset items which do not require setting alteration if they are once set at installation. See page 32 for further details. The menu-l contains items to be set by the operator while using the sonar, taking [...]

8 T urning Off Scan Menu T o turn of f the scan menu, press the MENU key . Note: Settings for the items shown in r ed ar e locked. T o unlock the settings, call up the system menu. See page 33. List of Scan Menu Items HUE : 1 234 TX OUTPUT :8 PLUSELENGTH : 7 TX CYCLE : 10 TVG NEAR : 6 TVG F AR : 7 AUTO SCN WDTH : ± 10 ° ± 20 ° ± 40 °± 60 ° [...]

9 N A C S O T U A H T D I W ; h t d i w n a c s e h t s t e S ± , 0 1 ± , 0 2 ± r o 0 4 ± e d i w a e s U . ) s e e r g e d n i ( 0 6 e c n o t i g n i w o r r a n , a e r a n a c s a f o h c r a e s l a r e n e g a t c u d n o c o t h t d i w . d e t c e t e d s i l o o h c s h s i f a H T D I W T L I T O T U A ; ) s e e r g e d n i ( h t d i [...]

10 4. BASIC OPERA TION General This section provides information necessary for basic operation of the CSH-5 MARK-2, from turning the power on and off to detecting and tracking fish schools. The basic operating procedure is shown below . Basic Operating Procedure 2 / 7 Lower/raise transducer . Location for magnetic function card 4 T urn transmitter [...]

11 Power Off Press the TRANSDUCER “ ” switch on the control box. W ait until the lamp above the switch lights, and then press the POWER “ OFF ” switch. Note that the transducer automatically retracts into the tank even if the POWER “ OFF ” switch is pressed without raising the transducer (by pressing the TRANSDUCER “ ” switch). Howe[...]

12 Seabed Echo vs Tilt Angle Case 1: T ilt Angle 30 to 40 degrees A wide tilt angle will display the entire seabed since it is captured by the full width of the beam. Case 2: T ilt Angle 10 to 20 degrees A narrow tilt angle will display only half the seabed since it is cap- tured by only the lower half of the beam. Case 3: T ilt Angle 0 to 10 degre[...]

13 Points to Consider • As a general rule of thumb, a vertically distributed fish school is a better sonar tar get than the seabed, since it reflects the transmitted pulse back toward to the source. • In case 3, both fish schools a and b are presented. Generally speaking, however , midwater fish schools tend to be larger than bottom fish school[...]

14 TIL T ANGLE T ilt angle vs. Beam Coverage 20 (40) 40 (80) 60 (120) 80 (160) 100 (200) 200 (400) Depth m 100 (200) 200 (400) 300 (600) 400 (800) Range m 0 ° 5 ° 10 ° 15 ° 13 ° 23m 100m 46m 200m 68m 300m V ertical Width of Sonar Beam[...]

15 Adjusting the Gain The gain should be adjusted to see fish echoes clearly with minimal noise on the screen. T oo high a setting not only causes excessive noise on the screen and makes it difficult to discriminate wanted fish echoes but also causes seabed echoes to be painted in strong colors, resulting that the echoes from bottom fish are masked[...]

16 5. FINE TUNING THE PICTURE General In the previous chapter basic operation of the sonar was presented. This chapter describes the procedures for fine tuning the sonar pic- ture. Eliminating Unwanted Feeble Echoes Echoes from tar gets such as seabed and fish return to the transducer in order of distance to them, and when we compare their intensit[...]

17 3. Locate a fish school on a long range setting which is approaching own ship. Note that the tilt should be kept adjusted so that the fish school is always placed in the center of the sonar beam, i.e., so that the fish school is displayed in strongest colors possible. Check that the fish echo is displayed in the same color while it approaches. I[...]

18 Suppressing Seabed and Sea Surface Reflections in Shallow Fishing Grounds In shallow fishing grounds with hard or rocky bottom, seabed reflec- tions often interfere with wanted fish echoes and they can not be eliminated sufficiently with the aforementioned TVG and AGC con- trols, especially when the TIL T is set to a larger angle in order to tra[...]

19 Rejecting Noise with IR Control This control is similar to the interference rejector on echo sounders and radars. It is effective for rejecting random noise and sea surface reflections in rough sea conditions. Set the IR control to positions “1” thru “3” so that noise is just eliminated. Do not use an unneces- sarily high setting since i[...]

20 6. ADV ANCED OPERA TION General It this section, how to use the CSH-5 MARK-2 effectively in actual fishing operations is presented. Measuring Range and Bearing to a T arget T o measure the range and bearing to a target, use the trackball. Procedure 1. Operate the trackball to place the trackball mark “ ” on the tar - get you want to measure [...]

21 Procedure 1. Move the trackball mark “ ” to the direction you want to moni- tor through the speaker , by operating the trackball. 2. Press the R/B key . The bearing marker will appear in the direction of the trackball mark and echoes in that direction are monitored through the speaker . Adjust the volume with the AUDIO control on the front p[...]

22 2. Press the OFF-CENTER key on the front panel. 3. T o move the own ship mark back to the center of the screen, press the OFF-CENTER key again. Finding Fish School Center When you want to find the center depth of a fish school, use the auto tilt function which automatically scans the tilt angle within the se- lected width. Procedure 1. Call up t[...]

23 Registering Procedure 1. Press the MENU key . 2. Rotate the RANGE control to select FUNC KEY PROG. 3. Rotate the GAIN control to select FUNC1 or FUNC2. 4. Press the TX key . Each time the TX key is pressed, the current settings in the scan menu and E/S menu are recorded. When F ACTOR Y is selected, the default value is displayed. Recalling Proce[...]

24 7. MARK AND DA T A This chapter describes the marks and data which appear on the dis- play screen. TRACKBALL MARK DA T A Slant Range Horizontal Range Depth T rue Bearing TRACKBALL MARK HEADING MARK OWN SHIP MARK RANGE TIL T AUTO TIL T GAIN BEARING MARK RANGE MARK RANGE RING BEARING OF BEARING MARK RANGE T O RANGE MARK G . Marks k r a M p i h S n[...]

25 g n i R e g n a R n i e g n a r e h t f o 4 / 1 f o s l a v r e t n i t a d e t t o l p e r a s g n i r e g n a r e h T . s g n i r e g n a r o w t y r e v e d e d i v o r p o s l a e r a a t a d g n i r e g n a R . e s u e h t f o 2 / 1 o t 4 / 1 m o r f d e r e t l a e b n a c l a v r e t n i g n i r e g n a r e h T n a c s n o g n i t t e s e[...]

26 8. INTERPRETING THE DISPLA Y General This section provides information necessary for interpreting the display . Interpreting the Display Seabed When the tilt angle is changed, the seabed echo illustrated below will appear on the screen. When the tilt angle is decreased, the seabed trace becomes wider and weaker . By observing the seabed conditio[...]

27 Fish School A fish school appears as a mass of echoes on the screen. The color of the mass shows the density of fish schools on the sonar beam. T o know the distribution and center point of a fish school, the tilt should be changed to several different angles. Sea Surface Reflections Fish school (a) Sea Surface Fish T ilt Angle: +5 ° - 10 ° Be[...]

28 Sea Surface Reflections T o reduce the sea surface reflections, set the tilt angle to 5 ° or more so that the upper edge of the sonar beam may not hit sea surface, or adjust TVG functions. When the sonar is used with a narrow tilt angle, the sea surface reflections cover lar ge area (up to 300 m to 400 m) as illustrated below . SEA SURF ACE T i[...]

29 False Echo by Sidelobe In the preceding chapters, it was explained that an ultrasonic wave is emitted only in the direction set by the TIL T lever , but, in practice, there are some emissions outside the main beam that are called “sidelobes”. Energy of the sidelobe is fairly weak but when the sonar is used in comparatively shallow water with[...]

30 9. W ARNING Overvoltage W arning If the supply voltage rises about 20% to over the rated value, the overvoltage detection circuit is actuated. The following warning flick- ers at the center of the screen and an alarm sounds. OVER VOL T AGE! If this occurs, retract the transducer, turn the POWER off and check the ship’ s mains (and the stepdown[...]

31 Hand Crank hull unit Bottom Down Command LED (Red) Power LED (Green) Power SW Breaker ON OFF Main Fuse Fuse for T ransceiver T ransceiver Unit Power switch (Normally " " position)[...]

32 10. MENU General The CSH-5 MARK-2 employs three menu screens, menu-1 menu-2, and system menu, to preset infrequently used functions. Changing Menu Settings Procedure to Change Menu Settings 1. T urn off the transmitter with the TX key; LED flickers. 2. Press the MENU key . The menu-1 appears. 3. T o select another menu, operate the GAIN control.[...]

33 Menu-2 The figure below shows menu-2. ** MENU 2 ** EXT KP OFF ON RANGE MARKER 1/4R 1/2R OFF MARK INDI ± 180 ° 360 ° MENU MODE : MENU-1 MENU-2 SYSTEM U N E MG N I N A E M E D O M U N E M. u n e m m e t s y s . 2 - u n e m . l - u n e m : u n e m a s t c e l e S g n i y e K l a n r e T X E e s l u P , y l s u o e n a t l u m i s d e t a r e p o[...]

34 M E T I U N E MG N I N A E M E D O M U N E M. u n e m m e t s y s , 2 - u n e m , 1 - u n e m ; u n e m a s t c e l e S J D A G N I D A E H h c i h w , t n e m n g i l a s i m t i n u l l u h r o f e t a s n e p m o c o t d e s u s i u n e m s i h T N I A G e h t g n i t a r e p o y b g n i d a e h l a u t c a e h t t e S . r o r r e g n i d a e[...]

35 1 1. INTERF ACE MODULE CSH-5060 Specifications The CSH-5060 Interface Module permits connection of external equip- ment (navigational equipment, current indicator, echo sounder , net sonde, gyrocompass, log, etc.) to display various data on the CSH-5 MARK-2. 1. Display Mode (a) Normal (b) Normal + T ext (c) Echo Sounder Combination (Normal + Ech[...]

36 Operation The functions of the Interface Module are accessed from the MENU screen except the Event mark and North mark*. * —Gyrocompass required. 1. Event Mark and Own Ship Mark Plotting (1) Move the cursor to the location where you want to plot the event mark. (2) Press the EVENT key . The cursor is replaced with the latest event mark [ ] and[...]

37 T ARGET LOCK FUNCTION θ 1 θ 2 D The target lock function allows continuous tracking at a present depth "D". That is, the tilt angle changes automatically from " θ 1" to " θ 2" as the ship approaches the fish. 3. Erasing Weak Noise Unknown weak noise appearing over the entire screen can be erased with DELETE COLO[...]

38 4. Suppressing Effects of Pitching and Rolling The Motion Sensor MS-100 (option) compensates for the ef fects of pitching and rolling to provide stable sonar pictures. Y ou may enable it as follows: 1. Press the [MENU] key to display the SCAN menu. 2. Use the RANGE control to select RANGE/BEARING. 3. Use the GAIN control to select ST AB. 4. Pres[...]

39 5. Detecting Fish Echoes in Specific Area (Fish Alarm) The fish alarm alerts you to fish echoes in an area you select. Any fish echoes entering the area will trigger the audio alarm. The fish echo level which triggers the alarm may be selected from the scan menu. 1. Press the [MENU] key to open the SCAN menu. 2. On the scan menu, use the RANGE c[...]

40 6. Fish Alarm On/Off, Fish Alarm Sensitivity The audio alarm for the fish alarm can be enabled/disabled and the fish alarm sensitivity can be selected from the scan menu. 1. Press the [MENU] key to open the SCAN menu. 2. Use the RANGE control to select FISH ALARM. 3. Use the GAIN control to select the echo strength which will trig- ger the fish [...]

41 8. Menu Description The CSH-5 MARK-2 employs three menu screens, MENU-1, MENU- 2 and SYSTEM Menu, to preset infrequently used functions. During normal operation (transducer lowered, transmitter ON), the SCAN Menu appears on the screen. This lets you adjust settings while ob- serving the sonar picture. n o i t a c i l p p Ae s u o t w o H 1 - U N[...]

42 MENU-2 ** MENU-2 ** ( RANGE SW : U/D GAIN SW : L/R ) EXT KP SYNC : OFF ON RANGE MARKER : 1/4R 1/2R OFF BEARING SCALE : ON OFF CURRENT MARK : ON OFF COURSE MARK : 10R 5R OFF HEADING INDI : 32-AZI TRUE CURRENT INDI : 32-AZI TRUE ± 180 ° 360 ° EVENT INDI : 32-AZI TRUE ± 180 ° 360 ° MARK INDI : ± 180 ° 360 ° POSITION DA T A : L/L TD [MENU M[...]

43 SCAN MENU ** SCAN MENU ** ( RANGE SW : U/D GAIN SW : L/R ) MENU MODE : SCAN E/S DISPLA Y MODE : COMBI-1 NORM TEXT COMBI-2 HUE : 1 2 3 4 TX OUTPUT :8 PULSELENGTH : 7 TX CYCLE : 10 TVG NEAR : 6 TVG F AR : 7 DELETE COLOR : 0 AUTO SCN WDTH : ± 10 ° ± 20 ° ± 40 °± 60 ° AUTO TL T WDTH : ± 2~10 °± 4~14 ° ± 6~20 ° ± 10~26 ° MARK ERASE : [...]

44 10. Contents of Menu Items This section describes the menu items available with the addition of the CSH-5060 and external equipment. MENU-1 (SCAN, E/S Menu) Scan menu Item MENU MODE DISPLA Y MODE Contents Selects a menu; MENU-1, MENU-2 or SYSTEM Menu. Selects a picture display mode among the four below . NORM: Normal Mode; displays a sonar pictu[...]

45 E/S Menu Item E/S SHIFT E/S IR E/S GAIN E/S CLUTTER E/S ADV ANCE E/S COL CUR VE (Response Color Curve) E/S DRAFT Contents Shifts the start depth of the display range and the maximum value is about 1000 m irrespective of the depth unit. The unit shift value is determined by the range in use. See table below . T urns the Interference Rejector on a[...]

46 MENU-2 (Refer to pages 47 to 51 for location on the scr een.) m e t Is t n e t n o C E L A C S G N I R A E B. f f o d n a n o e l a c s g n i r a e b c i n o r t c e l e e h t s n r u t u n e m s i h T K R A M T N E R R U C. f f o d n a n o k r a m t n e r r u c e h t s n r u t u n e m s i h T K R A M E S R U O C : R ( R 5 r o R 0 1 m o r f t o [...]

47 Indications 1. Normal Mode (NORM) 4 2 5 1 6 6 3 1 2 3 Electronic Bearing Scale Mark Indication (Bearing) Course Mark 4 5 6 Heading Indication Current Mark Own Ship ’ s Mark[...]

48 2. Normal + T ext Mode 9 !1 !0 7 8 7 8 9 Current Indication Position Data Latest Event Mark Data !0 !1 Past Event Mark Navigational Data[...]

49 3. Echo Sounder Combination Mode (COMBI 1) Normal + Echo Sounder 16 Color Bar Sonar Picture Echo Sounder Picture[...]

50 4. Sonar Combination (COMBI 2) Normal + Signal on R/B Mark 16 Color Bar Sonar Picture Signal on R/B Mark[...]

51 Marks and Data This section explains the Marks and Data available from the equip- ment interfaced. Pages 24 to 25 show the location of these Marks and Data. The position data of the latest event mark, i.e., horizontal range ( → ), present depth ( ↓ ) and bearing. ( ) shows the latest event mark original depth which remains unchanged even if [...]

52 Event Mark Position Output Connected to a navigator, the CSH-5 MARK-2 can output event mark position data to external equipment when the [EVENT] key is oper - ated. The data sentence output is "SSTLL" (NMEA, IEC-1 162 for - mat).[...]

53 12. MAINTENANCE General The CSH-5 MARK-2 is designed and constructed to provide many years of trouble-free performance when properly maintained. User - performable maintenance and important points to be observed are outlined in the figure below . Reapply one coat of antifaulant "MARINE ST AR 20 Mod (Red-N)" (no other paints are allowed[...]

54 13. UNIT DIAGNOSTIC TESTS This unit has eight built-in diagnostic tests which check it for proper performance. Although the tests are designed primarily for use by the service technician, they can also be executed by the user to identify defective components. However , never attempt to check inside the unit; there are no user-serviceable parts i[...]

55 Conti T est This is a continuous test of the Display and T ransceiver Units. Addi- tionally checked devices are DROM and DRAM. CONTI TEST MAIN 105-0541-XXX 105-0542-XXX ROM = OK RAM = OK P. W = O K DROM = OK DRAM = OK DPRAM = OK TRX 105- ∗∗∗∗ -XXX 105- ∗∗∗∗ -XXX ROM = OK RAM = OK DROM = OK I/F 105-0267-XXX ROM = OK RAM = OK DPRAM[...]

56 Color T est The color test checks for proper display of all colors. COLOR TEST PRESS [MENU] 2 or 3 SECONDS TO ST OP SELFCHECK 16 Color display WHT RED GRN Echo-1 T est The echo-1 test checks echo processing circuits in the display unit for proper operation. DISPLA Y ECHO TEST PRESS [MENU] 2 or 3 SECONDS TO ST OP SELFCHECK R29 B358 ° R400 T10 °[...]

57 Gray T est The gray test checks for proper display of monochrome characters and markers. Concentric rings and a monochrome test bar are dis- played. PRESS [MENU] 2 or 3 SECONDS TO ST OP SELFCHECK GRA Y TEST ............ Echo-2 T est The echo-2 test checks echo processing circuits in the transceiver and display units. PRESS [MENU] 2 or 3 SECONDS [...]

58 14. CHARACTERISTICS OF THE UL TRASONIC W A VE IN W A TER The purpose of this chapter is to provide an overview of the charac- teristics of the ultrasonic wave in water . Sound V elocity It is generally known that an ultrasonic wave travels 1500 meters per second in sea water , but in practice, some amount of variation arises depending on the sea[...]

59 Research in the waters throughout the world has revealed that there is a difference of approximately 100 m/s between the areas where the velocity is maximum and minimum Generally , the velocity increases as follows, provided that salinity density is constant: • 3 m/s for every 1 degree rise of water temperature • 1.7 m/s for every 100 m incr[...]

60 Refraction An ultrasonic wave transmitted in water does not travel straight but is more or less refracted. This refraction is caused by the variation of propagation velocity in water . If the velocity decreases (temperature decreases) with depth, the top part of the wave front moves faster than its bottom part, and gradually the front bends down[...]

61 The drawing below shows how temperature variation affects sound propagation with respect to different emitting directions (tilt angles). Beams tilted five and ten degrees bend upward at 400 m and 600 m points respectively . Beams tilted down more than 15 degrees travel in almost straight lines. Between the two beams, a blind zone is cre- ated be[...]

62 The product of the density (P) and the velocity (C) is called intrinsic acoustic impedance and in the boundary between two media which has extremely different C from each other , most of the acoustic power is reflected and only a small portion penetrates. (In the boundary be- tween water and air , the acoustic energy penetrates with a loss of ap[...]

63 Reflection Loss (dB) Frequency (kHz) Reflection Loss (dB) Frequency (kHz) Reflection Loss (Mackerel No.1) Reflection Loss (Mackerel No.2) Species Sardine Bonito Horse Mackerel Sea Bream T urbot A verage Incident Direction of Ultrasonic W ave Back Side Head 1 2 0.13 12 0 . 5 0.8-1.2 1.4-2.2 0.4-0.6 0.9 3 0.45 2 12 0 . 4[...]

SP-1 SPECIFICA TIONS 1. Display PPI display on 14" non-glare, high resolution color CR T 2. Display Color 16 colors according to echo strength 3. Numeric information Scanning Data (Range, T ilt angle, Gain) T rackball Mark Data (Slant range, Horizontal range, Depth, Bearing) Range/Bearing Mark Data (Range, Bearing) 4. Range/Pulselength Range B[...]

SP-2 5. AUDIO SEARCH Searching Method Echoes in the direction of the bearing mark are audibly monitored by the built-in loudspeaker . Audio Sector 20˚, 40˚, 80˚, 120˚ (selectable) Audio Output 2W Audio Frequency 800Hz 6. T ransmitter/Receiver T ransmitter High power MOS FET amplifier with 11-step power reduction switch Receiver Low noise superh[...]

Index-1 INDEX A Absorption 59 AGC control 17 Air bubbles 61 Attenuation 59 AUDIO control 21 AUTO TIL T key 6 C Color test 56 Conti test 55 Control box panel 5 D Data description 25 DEMAG button 3 Diagnostics color test 56 conti test 55 echo-1 test 56 echo-2 test 57 gray test 57 panel test 55 single test 54 SIO test 55 turning on/of f 54 E Echo-1 te[...]

Index-2 S Scan menu 8 Sea surface reflections 28 Seabed echo 26 SECT OR SCAN key 6, 21 Sidelobe 29 Single test 54 SIO test 51 Sound velocity 58 System configuration 2 System menu 33 T T ilt angle and discriminating fish echoes from bottom 12 for surface fish 13 general selection 1 1 TIL T lever 5, 1 1 T rackball 5 TRANSDUCER switch 5, 1 1, 30 TVG a[...]