Garmin GPS 120XL manual

® G P S 120XL Marine Navigator ZOOM Owner’s Manual & Reference 120XL Man RevB 7/10/98 10:54 AM Page i[...]

Software V ersion 2.0 or above © 1997 GARMIN Corporation 1200 E. 151st Street, Olathe, KS USA 66062 T el: 913-397-8200 or 800-800-1020 Fax: 913-397-8282 W eb Site Address: www .garmin.com GARMIN (Europe) Ltd. Unit 5, The Quadrangle, Abbey Park Industrial Estate, Romsey , SO51 9AQ, U.K. T el: 011-44-1794-519944 Fax: 011-44-1794-519222 GARMIN (Asia)[...]

i INTRODUCTION Over view GPS 120XL OPERA TOR’S MANUAL W elcome to the easiest-to-use fixed-mount GPS on the water! The GPS 120XL represents GARMIN’ s continuing commitment to provide mariners with quality navigation information in a versatile, accurate and user - friendly design which will be useful for years to come. T o get the most from your[...]

Caution INTRODUCTION ii The GPS system is operated by the government of the United States, which is solely responsible for its accuracy and maintenance. The system is subject to changes which could affect the accuracy and performance of all GPS equipment. Although the GPS 120XL is a precision electr onic NA Vigation AID (NA V AID), any NA V AID can[...]

1 INTRODUCTION T able of Contents SECTION ONE Introduction Glossary/Navigation Basics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-4 SECTION TWO Getting Started T urning On and Initializing the Receiver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5-7 Primary Page Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [...]

Glossar y INTRODUCTION 2 The GPS 120XL is a powerful navigation tool that can guide you anywhere in the world. T o better understand its operation and capabilities, it may be helpful to review the basic terms and concepts briefly explained below . Other navigation and GPS definitions used in the manual are defined in the appropriate r eference sect[...]

3 INTRODUCTION Glossar y Grid Coordinate system that pr ojects the earth on a flat surface, using square zones for position measurements. UTM/UPS and Maidenhead formats are grid systems. Ground Speed The velocity you are traveling relative to a gr ound position. Latitude The north/south measurement of position perpendicular to the earth’ s polar [...]

Navigation Basics INTRODUCTION 4 NORTH “ACTIVE FROM” WAYPOINT NORTH DTK CROSSTRACK ERROR BRG TRK GROUND SPEED DISTANCE “ACTIVE TO” WAYPOINT “ACTIVE LEG” The GPS 120XL provides steering guidance and navi- gation information using degrees, a measurement measur ed in a clockwise direction fr om a north reference. North is described as 000?[...]

Getting Started with your GPS W elcome to the exciting world of GARMIN GPS! The GPS 120XL represents GARMIN’ s continuing com- mitment to provide marine users with quality naviga- tion information in a versatile, user -friendly design they will enjoy for years to come. T o get the most out of your GPS receiver , be sure to read through the initia[...]

Initializing the Receiver The receiver is shipped fr om the factory in AutoLocate™ mode, which enables the GPS 120XL to determine its location anywhere in the world. T o speed up the initialization process, we r ecommend using the graphic initialization described below , which will usual- ly provide a fix in 7.5 to 15 minutes. Before you initiali[...]

Initializing the Receiver (cont) 3. Use the D key to scroll through the list options until the country of your present position appears. 4. Use the U key to highlight the country/state/region you’re in. If the country you’re in is not listed, select another country within 500 miles of your present position. 5. Press F to finish. The GPS 120XL w[...]

Primary Pages Before we start the tour , let’ s briefly look at the five primary information pages used for the GPS 120XL. Note: Switch between pages by pressing either the Q or J keys. Satellite Page The Satellite Page shows satellite positions and signal strength. Satellite positions are displayed using two circles and a center point. The outer[...]

Map Page The Map Page acts as a window . It allows you to view your position, the “path” you have traveled over , and nearby waypoints. A diamond icon in the center of the screen repr e- sents your current position. As you move, you will see a thin line-- called a track log -- appear along the path you have just covered. Names of stored waypoin[...]

Getting Started T our Now that your GPS receiver has been initialized and you are familiar with the primary pages, it’ s time to take a tour . This is a live tour and is to be conducted with your unit installed and with the boat in the water . The tour will take you through the r eceiver’ s basic features and functions as you move about on the [...]

The mark position page will appear , showing the captured position and a default 3-digit waypoint name. Let’ s change the default name to something a little more meaningful, like ‘DOCK’. 1. Press the U key twice to move the field highlight from the ‘save’ field to the name field. 2. Press F and L to clear the default waypoint name. 3. Pre[...]

Using the Position and Map Pages (continued) As you head out, the Position Page will help you monitor your movement. The direction you are moving (your track) and your speed are displayed on the upper part of the page, just below the graphic compass tape. The latitude, longitude and approximate altitude of your position, along with a resettable tri[...]

Going T o a W aypoint Once you’ve stored the “CHANNL” waypoint in memory , you can use the GPS 120XL to guide you to it by performing a simple GOTO. A GOTO is nothing more than a straight-line course fr om your present position to the destination you’ve selected. Use caution when navigating. A “straight-line” course reflects the shortes[...]

Using the Highway Page (continued) As you head toward your destination, the middle section of the screen pr ovides visual guidance to your waypoint on a moving graphic “highway”. The moving arrow just below the course deviation scale always points to your selected waypoint relative to the direc- tion you are moving. Y our present position is re[...]

Cancelling a GOTO If you decide to stop navigating to the active way- point, all you have to do is cancel the GOTO. T o cancel an active GOTO: 1. Press the G key . 2. Use the arrow keypad to move the field highlight to the ‘CANCEL GOTO?’ prompt at the bottom of the page and press F . Clearing a Cluttered Map Display After you’ve used the GPS [...]

Satellite Page The Satellite Page displays the status of various receiver functions. The status information will help you understand what the GPS 120XL is doing at any given time, and will tell you whether or not the receiver has calculated a position fix. Sky View and Signal Strength Bars The sky view and signal strength bars give you an indicatio[...]

Receiver Status and EPE Receiver status is indicated at the top left of the screen, with the current horizontal accuracy (estimated position error , in feet or meters) at the top right. The status will show one of the following conditions: Searching— the GPS 120XL is looking for any available satellites in view . AutoLocate TM — the GPS 120XL i[...]

Screen Backlighting The GPS 120XL features three levels of backlighting. Activate the backlight by pressing the POWER key briefly . Each press of the button advances the backlight- ing to the next level and then turns it off. Backlighting will remain on until turned off. Note: a bulb icon will appear on the Satellite Page when backlighting is on. P[...]

Marking and Saving W aypoints Knowing your present position is only part of any navigation equation. Y ou also need to keep track of where you’ve been and where you ar e going. W aypoints ser ve as electronic markers that let you keep track of starting points, destinations, navaids and any other important position. The GPS 120XL allows you to mar[...]

W aypoint Submenus The GPS 120XL has three waypoint submenu pages that let you manage a large number of waypoints quick- ly and efficiently . The near est waypoints, waypoint list and waypoint definition pages are accessed thr ough the Menu Page. T o select a waypoint submenu page: 1. Press J or Q until the Menu Page appears. 2. Use the U and D key[...]

W aypoint List Page The waypoint list page provides you with a com- plete list of all waypoints currently stored in the GPS 120XL. The total number of used and empty waypoints is indicated above the waypoint list. From the waypoint list page, you can retrieve a waypoint definition page, delete all user -defined waypoints, or GOTO a selected waypoin[...]

W aypoint Definition Page The last of the three waypoint management pages is the waypoint definition page. This page lets you create new waypoints manually , or review and edit existing waypoints. T o create a new waypoint manually , you’ll need to know its position coordinates or its distance and bear- ing from an existing waypoint. T o create a[...]

Reference W aypoints T o create a new waypoint manually without know- ing its position coordinates, you’ll need to enter its bearing and distance from an existing waypoint. The GPS 120XL will then calculate the position coordinates for you. T o create a new waypoint by referencing a stor ed waypoint: 1. Press U until the ‘NEW?’ field is highl[...]

Editing Existing W aypoints The waypoint definition page also allows you to change the name, coordinates, comment or r eference waypoint field for a stored waypoint (Fields shown on page 22). T o edit the name, coordinates, comment, or refer- ence waypoint field: 1. Use U and D to highlight the field you want to edit. 2. Press F to begin entry in t[...]

T o rename a stored waypoint: 1. Highlight the ‘RENAME?’ field and press F . 2. Enter the new waypoint name and press F . 3. Press the F key to confirm your changes. T o delete a stored waypoint: 1. Highlight the ‘DELETE?’ field and press F . 2. Press the L key to select the ‘YES’ prompt. 3. Press F to delete the waypoint. Scanning W ay[...]

Selecting a GOTO Destination The GPS 120XL provides four ways to navigate to a destination: GOTO, MOB, T racBack and route naviga- tion. The most basic method of selecting a destination is the GOTO function, which lets you choose any stored waypoint as the destination and quickly sets a direct course from your pr esent position. T o activate the GO[...]

T racBack Navigation The third method of navigating to a destination is by using the GARMIN’S patented T racBack feature. The T racBack function allows you to quickly and easily retrace your path using the track log automatically stored in the receiver’ s memor y . The advantage of the T racBack feature is to eliminate the need to mark way- poi[...]

Tips on Creating and Using the T racBack Feature The GPS 120XL ’ s T racBack feature is designed to help you quickly create and activate a r oute that follows your path back to a user -defined starting point. T o get the most out of the T racBack feature, remember the fol- lowing tips: • Always clear your track log at the exact point that you w[...]

Creating and Navigating Routes The last form of navigating to a destination with the GPS 120XL is by creating a user -defined route. The route navigation featur e lets you plan and navigate a course from one place to another using a set of pr e- defined waypoints. Routes are often used when it’ s not practical, safe or possible to navigate a dire[...]

Route Definition Page The GPS 120XL lets you create and store up to 20 routes of 30 waypoints each. Routes ar e created, copied and edited through the r oute definition page, which is accessed through the Menu Page. T o select the route definition page: 1. Press J until the Menu Page appears. 2. Use the U and D keys to highlight the ‘ROUTES’ op[...]

T o create a route fr om the route definition page: 1. Highlight the route number field and press F . 2. Enter a route number and press the F key to con- firm. 3. Press F to begin entry of a route comment. (Note that the default [first and last waypoint] comment will only appear if the comment field is blank.) 4. Enter your comment and press the F [...]

Clearing Routes (continued) The clear route warning will appear , asking you to confirm that you want to remove all waypoints fr om the route. 1. Highlight the ‘Y es?’ field with the L key . 2. Press F to confirm your action. 3. Press J to return to the Menu Page. Activating and Inverting Routes After a route has been enter ed, it can be activa[...]

Active Route Page Once a route has been activated, the active r oute page will appear , displaying the waypoint sequence of your route with the estimated time enr oute (ETE) at your present speed and distance to each waypoint. As long as you are navigating an active r oute, the active route page will become part of the primary page sequence of the [...]

Editing Routes (continued) An on-screen menu of editing choices will appear , with options for reviewing, inserting, deleting or chang- ing the waypoint field highlighted. Use the U and D arrow keys to select among the editing choices. Once you’ve selected a waypoint from the r oute list, choose a menu function: 1. T o review the definition page [...]

User -Defined Navigation Pages Once you’ve selected a GOTO destination or acti- vated a MOB or route, the GPS 120XL will pr ovide graphic steering guidance to the destination with one of two navigation pages: • The Highway Page (the default navigation page) provides a graphic highway that shows your movement relative to the desired course, with[...]

Using the Highway Page The GPS 120XL ’ s Highway Page also provides graph- ic steering guidance to a destination, with a greater emphasis on the straight-line desired course and the distance and direction you are of f course. The bearing and distance to a waypoint, along with your current track and speed are displayed at the top of the screen, wi[...]

Using the Compass Page The GPS 120XL ’ s Compass Page provides graphic steering guidance to a destination waypoint. The bear- ing (BRG) and distance (DST) to the waypoint are dis- played at the top of the page, right below the destina- tion waypoint field. The distance displayed is always the straight-line distance from your pr esent position to [...]

Map Page The GPS 120XL features a powerful real-time mov- ing map that can do much more than just plot your course and route. The Map Page also pr ovides you with a target cursor that will let you pan ahead to nearby waypoints, determine the distance and bearing to any map position, and mark new waypoints while you navigate. The map contains 12 sel[...]

Zooming, Panning, and Pointing There are thr ee main functions you can perform from the Map Page: zooming, panning, and pointing. Zooming is increasing or decreasing the display scale of the map. Panning is using a target cr osshair and the arrow keypad to “slide” the map window in any dir ec- tion, including diagonally , to view the surroundin[...]

Zooming, Panning, & Pointing (continued T o go to a waypoint highlighted on the map: 1. Press the G key .The GOTO waypoint page will appear with the waypoint’ s name highlighted. 2. Press the F key to confirm. T o stop the panning function and display your present position: 1. Press the Q key . Using the Cursor to Mark and GOTO W aypoints Dur[...]

Menu Page The GPS 120XL Menu Page provides access to sub- menu pages that are used to select and customize oper- ation and navigation setup. The 11 submenus are divided into categories by function. See pages 19-34 for a discussion of waypoint and route management sub- menus. W e’ll now address the rest of the submenus in the order they appear on [...]

T rack Log Setup Page The track log setup page lets you manage the GPS 120XL ’ s tracking data. From this page, you can select whether or not to recor d a track and define how it is recor ded. Note: T rack display options (showing or not showing a recor ded track log on the Map Page). are addressed on page 52. T o turn track log recording on or o[...]

T racBack Function The T racBack option lets you activate a T racBack route using the track log (see pages 29-30 for mor e information). T o activate a T racBack route: 1. Highlight the ‘TRACBACK?’ option and press F . Interface Setup The interface setup page lets you specify the inter- facing formats for connecting external devices. There are [...]

T o disable all interfacing capabilities, select the None/None setting. If you want to output NMEA data to compatible external devices without any differential input capability , select the None/NMEA setting. Once a NMEA output setting has been selected (with or with- out R TCM input), the NMEA field will become high- lighted. NMEA formats 0180, 01[...]

DGPS Interface (continued) T o enter a DGPS beacon frequency: 1. Highlight the ‘freq’ field and press F . 2. Enter the desired frequency and press F . 3. Highlight the ‘rate’ field and press F . 4. Use U and D to select the desired transmission rate. 5. Press the F key to confirm your entry . When the GPS 120XL is receiving DGPS correc- tio[...]

System Setup The next setup page is the system setup page, which is used to select the operating mode, time offset and screen prefer ences. The GPS 120XL has two operating modes: • ’ Normal’ Mode operates the unit at maximum performance, and provides a battery of life up to 12 hours on alkaline batteries. • ’ Simulator’ Mode allows you [...]

Time Format The time display shown on the system setup and Position Pages may be set to display the time in a 12 or 24-hour format. T o select the time for mat: 1. Highlight the ‘HOURS’ field and press the F key . 2. Select 12-or 24-hour display , and press F to confirm. Screen Contrast The GPS 120XL features adjustable screen contrast and is c[...]

Navigation Setup The navigation setup page is used to select units of measurement for position format, map datum, CDI scale, and distance, speed and heading information. Position Formats The default position setting for the GPS 120XL is latitude and longitude in degrees and minutes (hdddºmm.mmm’). Y ou may also select degrees, min- utes and seco[...]

CDI Scale Settings The course deviation indicator (CDI) scale defini- tion field lets you select the +/- range of the CDI bar scale on the Highway Page. Three scales are available: +/- 0.25, 1.25 and 5.0 miles or kilometers, with 0.25 being the default setting. T o enter a CDI scale setting: 1. Highlight the ‘CDI SCALE’ field and press F . 2. U[...]

Speed Filter (continued) The speed filter allows you to determine how the GPS 120XL responds to changes in track or gr ound speed. Three settings are available: automatic, on, or of f. The ‘Auto’ setting is the default and will monitor the changes in your current track and speed and adjust the receiver’ s response time automatically . The ‘[...]

Magnetic Heading Reference (continued) T o select a heading reference: 1. Highlight the ‘HEADING’ field and press F . 2. Select the desired heading preference. 3. Press the F key to confirm the selection. T o enter a user -defined magnetic heading : . 1. Select the ‘USER MAG’ option and press F . 2. Use the U and D keys to enter the degrees[...]

Selecting Displayed Items on the Map Page (cont.) • The ‘NEAREST’ selection will display the nine nearest waypoints to your present position (not to the target cursor on the map). • The ‘NAMES’ selection will display the waypoint name for the nine nearest waypoints. T o turn a plotted item on or off: 1. Highlight the confirmation (Y es [...]

Alarms Setup The alarms setup page is used to set the three alarms available on the GPS 120XL: the anchor drag alarm, arrival alarm, and CDI alarm. The anchor drag alarm will sound if your boat has moved outside a range measured fr om a central point (your position). The arrival alarm sounds when you are approaching a waypoint and have r eached the[...]

Navigation Simulator The GPS 120XL ’ s simulator mode lets you practice all aspects of its operation without active satellite acqui- sition. Y ou can also plan and practice trips, enter new waypoints and routes, and save them for use during normal operation. The simulator is activated from the system setup page, with speed and heading controlled [...]

55 APPENDIX A Installation Installation The GPS 120 XL must be properly installed accor d- ing to the following instructions to get the best possible performance. T o complete the standard installation, you will need the following pieces: • 1 amp in-line fuse (may be included with Power/Datacable) • Four 1/4” (6mm) diameter mounting screws ?[...]

Installation APPENDIX A 56 Mounting the GPS 120XL The GARMIN GPS 120XL ’ s compact case is suitable for mounting in exposed locations or at the nav station. The unit comes with a gimbal bracket that can be used for surface, overhead, or flush mounting. When choos- ing a location for the display unit, make sure you con- sider the following conditi[...]

57 APPENDIX A Installation T o flush mount the GPS 120XL: The GPS 120XL can be mounted flush with a flat panel of .08-.52” thickness using the cam lobe feature on its mounting bracket. 1. Cut a 4.15” W x 4.67” H hole in panel. 2. Place GPS 120XL into hole from the front until its flange rests against the mounting surface. 3. From the back sid[...]

NMEA 0180, NMEA 0182, NMEA 0183 version 1.5: Approved sentences: GPBWC, GPGLL, GPRMB, GPRMC, GPXTE, GPVTG, GPWPL Proprietary sentences: PGRMM (map datum), PGRMZ (altitude), PSLIB (beacon rec. control) NMEA 0183 version 2.0: Approved sentences: GPGGA, GPGLL, GPGSA, GPGSV , GPRMB, GPRMC, GPR TE, GPWPL Proprietary sentences: PGRME (estimated err or), [...]

59 APPENDIX B Wiring & Specifications PHYSICAL Case: Gasketed construction Size: 4.9”H x 5.3”W x 2.4”D (15.6 x 5.1 x 1.23 cm) W eight: Less than 1 lb. (454g) T emperature Range: 5º to 158ºF (-15º to 70ºC) PERFORMANCE Receiver: Differ ential-ready MultiT rac8 Acquisition T ime: Approx. 20 seconds (warm) Approx. 2 minutes (cold) Approx.[...]

Messages & Time Offsets APPENDIX C 60 Active WPT Can’t be Deleted— Y ou have attempted to change the “active to” or “active from” waypoint. Clear the active r oute or GOTO before making your changes. Accuracy has been Degraded— The accuracy of the GPS 120XL has been degraded beyond 500 meters due to poor satellite geometry or data[...]

Longitudinal Zone Offset Longitudinal Zone Offset W180.0º to W172.5º -12 E007.5º to E022.5º 1 W172.5º to W157.5º -11 E022.5º to E037.5º 2 W157.5º to W142.5º -10 E037.5º to E052.5º 3 W142.5º to W127.5º -9 E052.5º to E067.5º 4 W127.5º to W112.5º -8 E067.5º to E082.5º 5 W112.5º to W097.5º -7 E082.5º to E097.5º 6 W097.5º to W08[...]

Map Datums APPENDIX D 62 The following list shows the 104 map datums available for the GPS 120XL. Menu Page abbrevi- ations are listed first, followed by the correspond- ing map datum name and area. Adindan Adindan- Ethiopia, Mali, Senegal, Sudan Afgooye Afgooye- Somalia AIN EL ABD ‘70 AIN EL ANBD 1970- Bahrain Island, Saudi Arabia Anna 1 Ast ‘[...]

63 APPENDIX D Map Datums European 1979 European 1979- Austria, Finland, Netherlands, Norway , Spain, Sweden, Switzerland Finland Hayfrd Finland Hayfor d- Finland Gandajika Base Gandajika Base- Republic of Maldives Geod Datm ‘49 Geodetic Datum ‘49- New Zealand Guam 1963 Guam 1963- Guam Island Gux 1 Astro Gux 1 Astro- Guadalcanal Island Hjorsey 1[...]

Map Datums APPENDIX D 64 Nhrwn Masirah Nahrwn- Masirah Island (Oman) Nhrwn Saudi A Nahrwn- Saudi Arabia Nhrwn United A Nahrwn- United Arab Emirates Naparima BWI Naparima BWI- T rinidad and T obago Obsrvtorio ‘66 Obser vatorio 1966- Corvo and Flores Islands (Azores) Old Egyptian Old Egyptian- Egypt Old Hawaiian Old Hawaiian- Mean V alue Oman Oman-[...]

65 APPENDIX E A Activating and Inverting Routes . .32 Active Route Page . . . . . . . . . . . .32 Alarms Setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .53 Almanac Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2 Altitude Display . . . . . . . . . . . . . .18 Anchor Drag Alarm . . . . . . . . . . .53 Arrival Alarm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .53 B Backlighting . . . .[...]

APPENDIX E 66 O On-Route GOTOs . . . . . . . . . . . .34 Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .iii P Packing List . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .iii Position . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3 Position Formats . . . . . . . . . . . . .48 Position Page . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8, 18 Power/Data Cable . . . . . . . . . . . .58 Prim[...]

LIMITED W ARR ANTY GARMIN Corporation warrants this product to be free fr om defects in materials and workmanship for one year from the date of purchase. GARMIN will at its sole option, r epair or replace any com- ponents which fail in normal use. Such repairs or replacement will be made at no charge to the customer for parts or labor . The cus- to[...]

© 1997 GARMIN Corporation 1200 E. 151st Street, Olathe, KS USA 66062 GARMIN (Europe) Ltd. - Unit 5, The Quadrangle, Abbey Park, Romsey , UK SO51 9AQ Part Number 190-00136-00 Rev . B Printed in T aiwan ® 120XL Man RevB 7/10/98 10:55 AM Page 68[...]