Garmin GPS 48 manual

Owner’s Manual & Reference GPS 48 Personal Navigator TM GPS48revB.qxd 1/7/00 3:12 PM Page 1[...]

Software V ersion 4.55 or above © 1998-1999 GARMIN Corporation 1200 E. 151st Street, Olathe, Kansas 66062 USA T el: 913-397-8200 Fax: 913-397-8282 GARMIN (Europe) Ltd. Unit 5, The Quadrangle, Abbey Park, Romsey , Hampshire SO51 9AQ UK T el: 011-44-1794-519944 Fax: 011-44-1794-519222 GARMIN (Asia) Corp. No. 68, Jangshu 2 nd Rd., Shijr , T aipei Cou[...]

GPS 48 Owner’s Manual Thank you for choosing the GARMIN GPS 48 —the smallest, easiest- to-use GPS navigator for outdoor use! The GPS 48 represents GARMIN’ s continuing commitment to provide quality navigation information in a versatile and user -friendly flexible design you’ll enjoy for years. T o get the most from your new GPS, take the ti[...]

Caution INTRODUCTION ii The GPS system is operated by the government of the United States, which is solely responsible for its accuracy and maintenance. The system is subject to changes which could affect the accuracy and performance of all GPS equipment. Although the GPS 48 is a precision electr onic NA Vigation AID (NA V AID), any NA V AID can be[...]

1 INTRODUCTION T able of Contents SECTION ONE Introduction Glossary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-3 Navigation Basics & Key Pad Usage & Data Entry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4-5 SECTION TWO Getting Started Initializing for First T ime Use . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [...]

Glossar y INTRODUCTION 2 The GPS 48 is a powerful navigation tool that can guide you anywhere in the world. T o better understand its operation and capabilities, it may be helpful to review the basic terms and concepts briefly explained below . Other navigation and GPS definitions used in the manual are defined in the appropriate r eference section[...]

3 INTRODUCTION Glossar y Estimated Time Enroute (ETE) The time left to your destination at your present speed. Grid Coordinate system that pr ojects the earth on a flat surface, using square zones for position measurements. UTM/UPS and Maidenhead formats are grid systems. Ground Speed (SPD) The velocity you are traveling relative to a gr ound posit[...]

NORTH “ACTIVE FROM” WAYPOINT NORTH DTK CROSSTRACK ERROR BRG TRK GROUND SPEED DISTANCE “ACTIVE TO” WAYPOINT “ACTIVE LEG” Navigation Basics INTRODUCTION 4 The GPS 48 provides steering guidance and navigation information using degrees, a measurement measur ed in a clockwise direction fr om a north reference. North is described as 000º, ea[...]

5 INTRODUCTION Keypad Usage & Data Entr y DA T A ENTR Y The arr ow keypad is used for all data entry . Use the U and D keys to select letters, numbers, and menu options; use the L and R keys to move the cur- sor forwar d or back- war d along the line. Pr ess E to begin entering data, and to confirm your entry . B T urns the unit on and off and [...]

Initializing Y our GPS 48 for First-Time Use The GPS 48 does not require initialization under normal day-to-day use. However , initialization may reduce the time it takes to compute a position fix after one of the following events: • After memory loss • When the receiver has been moved mor e than 500 miles with the power off. Additionally , it [...]

T o initialize the receiver: 1. If the ‘COUNTRY’ option is not highlighted, press the D key repeatedly to move the field highlight to the ‘COUNTRY’ option. 2. Press the E key . 3. Use the D key to scroll through the list options until the country of your present location appears. If the country you’re in is not listed, select another coun[...]

Primary Pages Before we start the tour , let’ s briefly look at the five primary information pages used for the GPS 48. Switch between pages by pressing either the Q or J keys. Satellite Page The Satellite Page shows satellite positions and signal strength. Satellite positions are displayed using two circles and a center point. The outer cir cle [...]

Map Page The Map Page acts as a window . It allows you to view your position, the “path” you have traveled over , and nearby navaids, cities and waypoints. A diamond icon in the center of the screen repr e- sents your current position. As you move, you will see a thin line - called a track log - appear along the path you have just covered. The [...]

Getting Started T our Now that you’ve seen the primary pages, let’ s get started by taking a simple tour to show you the basics about using your GPS 48. The tour assumes that your unit has been turned on, initialized, and that none of the factory settings (units of measure, selectable fields, etc.) have been changed. If these settings have been[...]

Using the Position Page W alk at a brisk pace for 3-4 minutes and watch the Position Page. The direction you are moving (track), your speed, trip distance, and altitude are shown on the upper half of the screen. The latitude and longitude of your position are displayed in the middle of the page, with the time of day shown below . Let’ s continue [...]

Highway Page The GPS 48’ s Highway Page pr ovides graphic steering guidance to a destination waypoint, with emphasis on the straight-line desired course, the distance and direc- tion you are of f course. As you head toward your destination, the middle of the screen pr ovides visual guidance to your waypoint on a moving graphic “highway .” Y o[...]

Clearing a Cluttered Map Display After you’ve used the GPS 48 for a few trips, you may find that your map display has become a bit messy from keeping track of your every move. For practice, let’ s clean up the screen by clearing the track log (the plot points left on the Map Page) we’ve just created during the Getting Started tour . 1. Press [...]

Satellite Page The GPS 48’ s Satellite Page displays the status of vari- ous receiver functions. The status information will help you understand what the GPS 48 is doing at any given time, and will tell you whether or not the receiver has calculated a position fix. Sky View and Signal Strength Bars The sky view and signal strength bars give you a[...]

If you travel over 500 miles with the r eceiver off, you may r einitialize the unit to your new posi- tion by using the EZinit featur e. T o access EZinit pr ess ENTER fr om the Satellite Status Page befor e any satellites ar e acquir ed. Receiver Status Receiver status is indicated at the top left of the page, with the current horizontal accuracy [...]

Batter y Level, Backlighting & Emergency Erase REFERENCE 16 When backlighting is on, a bulb icon will appear on the Satellite Page. Use the icon to determine if backlighting is turned on during daylight hours. Upon activating the Emergency Erase Function, you will be asked to confirm your decision. Battery Level Indicator The Satellite Page als[...]

Position Page The second page in the GPS 48’ s primary page sequence is the Position Page. This page shows you where you are, what dir ection you’re heading, and how fast you’re going, and it’ s most useful when you are travel- ing without an active destination waypoint. The graphic heading display at the top of the page indicates the direc[...]

Position Page (cont) T o reset timer , speed measurement, or odometer: 1. Highlight the user -selectable field, and press E . 2. Press E to confirm or Q to exit. The trip odometer , trip timer , and average speed fields are linked. Resetting one of these options in a user -selectable field will automatically reset the corre- sponding data in the ot[...]

19 REFERENCE Map Page Note: A map scale r epr e- sents the distance shown fr om the bottom to the top of the Map Page. For example, when viewing the 10 mile scale, the dis- tance r epr esented between the top of the scr een and bottom is 10 miles. The four corners of the Map Page ar e used to show your course, speed, and distance to either a cursor[...]

Marine Database The GPS 48 contains an updateable, marine database that displays city locations and nautical navaids on the moving map. Check the Garmin website for possible nautical navaid updates. City locations are depicted by a small square icon, cities are displayed at the zoom scale specified on the city setup menu (see page 26). The nautical[...]

Marine Database (cont) Lit and unlit navaids are designated by the primary color . The navaid symbol will have the first letter in the primary color displayed in the symbol. Information about the navaid is contained in the navaid label. The navaid label can be activated two ways, either by reaching the label zoom scale set in navaid setup (see page[...]

Zooming, Panning, and Configuring There are thr ee main functions you can perform from the Map Page— zooming, panning, and configur- ing (changing the map and track setup). Each of these functions has its own “field”, which may be selected and activated for use. Whenever the Map Page first appears, the zoom field (at the top left) is always h[...]

Zooming, Panning, and Configuring (cont.) From the waypoint definition page, you can also define how each individual waypoint is displayed on the map. The GPS 48 displays waypoints as a name with a corresponding symbol (e.g., “nearest fuel” and a gas pump symbol), a symbol only (e.g., a fish symbol), or a 16-character comment and corresponding [...]

Using the Cursor to Mark and Go to (cont.) Y ou can activate a direct GOTO to any user waypoint or navaid displayed on the map. T o GOTO a user waypoint or navaid: 1. Highlight the user waypoint or navaid by panning the map cursor to the point and press E . 2. Press G then E to begin navigation. T o stop the panning function: 1. Press Q . Accessing[...]

Map Setup Page and Orientation (cont.) • ’Nearest’— shows the nine nearest user waypoints to your position (black diamond) on the map. • ’Names’— displays the waypoint name for the nine nearest waypoints. • ’T rack Log’— displays and plots track points on the map. T o tur n a map item on or off: 1. Highlight ‘YES’ or ‘[...]

Managing and Clearing the T rack Log The rest of the track setup window displays the per- centage of available memory currently used to store track log data, and a function fields to clear the track log memory . Note: Clearing the track log will not erase way- points. T o clear the track log: 1. Highlight ‘CLEAR LOG?’, and press E . 2. Highligh[...]

Labels contain informa- tion about the navaid. Labels can be activated by panning the map cur- sor to the navaid or by r eaching the selected map zoom scale Navaid Setup Page The navaid setup page lets you select the zoom scale where navaids become visible on the map. The setup page is divided into two columns, range and zoom, with label setup at t[...]

Selecting a User Defined Navigation Page Once you have selected a GOTO, T racback, MOB or route the GPS 48 will pr ovide navigation using one of two user defined navigation pages. Compass Page Highway Page •The Compass Page (default) provides a dir ec- tional pointer to the destination, with a rotating compass display to show your direction of tr[...]

Selecting a User Defined Navigation Page (cont) The ‘ETE’ field, located in the middle-bottom of both pages, is a user -selectable field that allows you to display a variety of navigation values for your trip. T o access the user -selectable field: 1. Highlight ‘ETE’, and press E . 2. Use the keypad to scroll through the possible options. T[...]

In this example, the Compass Page indicates that you ar e traveling in an easterly (91 degr ees) dir ec- tion and the destination waypoint is south (177 degr ees) of your curr ent dir ection of travel. Using the Compass Page The Compass Page provides better steering guidance than the Highway Page for travel at slower speeds (ex. walking) and for tr[...]

Using the Highway Page The GPS 48’ s Highway Page pr ovides graphic steer- ing guidance to a destination waypoint, with a greater emphasis on the straight-line desired course and the distance and direction you are of f course. The bearing and distance to a waypoint - along with your current track and speed - are displayed at the top of the screen[...]

Marking a Position The GPS 48 allows you to mark and store up to 500 position as waypoints. A waypoint can be entered by taking an instant electronic fix, by manually entering coordinates (pg. 35), or by using the bearing and dis- tance to a known position (pg. 35). T o mark your present position: 1. Press M . The mark position page will appear , s[...]

W aypoint Pages The GPS 48 has three waypoint pages that let you quickly manage up to 500 waypoints. These pages— nearest waypoints, waypoint list, and waypoint defini- tion—can be accessed through the Menu Page. T o select a waypoint page: 1. Access the Menu Page, and highlight a waypoint page option. 2. Press E . Nearest W aypoints Page The n[...]

W aypoint List Page (continued) An options page will appear , asking if you want to delete all user -defined waypoints or if you want to delete waypoints by symbol type. 1. Highlight either ‘ALL ’ or ‘SYMBOL ’, and press E . If you highlight ‘SYMBOL,’ you’ll be asked to select a symbol. 1. Select the symbol to be deleted, and press E [...]

The GPS 48’ s advanced waypoint planning fea- tur es allow you to cr eate new waypoints and prac- tice navigation without ever setting foot outside. If you cr eate a new way- point by entering coor di- nates fr om a map, you may want to r e-mark the waypoint’ s exact position once you get ther e. T o re-define an existing waypoint’ s position[...]

Reference W aypoints (cont.) 1. From the waypoint definition page, highlight ‘NEW?’, and press E . 2. Enter a waypoint name, and press E . 3. Highlight the ‘REF’ field, and press E . 4. Enter a reference waypoint name (or leave the field blank to use your present position), and press E . 5. Enter the bearing and distance of your new waypoin[...]

Renaming and Deleting W aypoints The rename and delete function fields are located along the bottom side of the waypoint definition page. T o rename a stored waypoint: 1. Highlight ‘RENAME?’, and press E . 2. Enter the new waypoint name, and press E . 3. Press E to confirm the ‘Y es?’ prompt. T o delete a stored waypoint: 1. Highlight ‘DE[...]

Selecting a GOTO Destination The GPS 48 provides four ways to navigate to a des- tination: GOTO, MOB, T racBack, and route navigation. The most basic method of selecting a destination is the GOTO function, which lets you choose any stored way- point as the destination and quickly sets a direct course from your pr esent position. T o activate the GO[...]

T racBack Navigation GARMIN’ s patented T racBack feature allows you to quickly retrace your path using the track log automati- cally stored in the receiver . This feature eliminates the need to mark waypoints along the way and manually create and activate a r oute back to where you began your trip. Three track recor ding options are available: O[...]

Tips On the T racBack Feature • Always clear your track log at the exact point that you want to go back to (trail head, truck, etc.). • The ‘RECORD’ option on the track log setup page can be set to either the ‘WRAP’ or ‘FILL ’ positions. • There must be at least two track log points stor ed in memory to create a T racBack route. ?[...]

Route Navigation The last form of navigating to a destination with the GPS 48 is by creating a user -defined route. The route navigation featur e lets you plan and navigate a course from one place to another using a set of pr e- defined waypoints. Routes are often used when it’ s not practical, safe, or possible to navigate a direct course to a p[...]

Route Definition Page The GPS 48 lets you create and store up to 20 routes of 30 waypoints each. The bottom of the route definition page featur es several ‘function’ fields which let you copy , clear , invert, or activate the displayed route. Routes 1-19 ar e used as storage routes, with r oute 0 always ser ving as the active route you ar e nav[...]

Creating and Navigating Routes T o create a route fr om the route definition page: 1. Highlight the ‘ROUTE:’ field, and press E . 2. Enter a route number , and press E . (Only open routes will be available.) 3. Press E to begin entry of a route comment. 4. Enter your comment, and press the E key . 5. Enter the first waypoint of your route, and [...]

Active Route Page Once a route has been activated, the active r oute page will display the waypoint sequence of your route with the estimated time enroute (ETE) at your pr esent speed and the distance to each waypoint. As long as you are navigating an active r oute, the active route page will become part of the main page sequence of the unit. The a[...]

Editing Routes A route can be edited any time after its cr eation. T o edit a route fr om the active route page or the route definition page: 1. Select the waypoint you want to edit, and press E . An on-screen menu of editing choices will appear , with options for reviewing, inserting, deleting, or changing the waypoint field highlighted. This fiel[...]

Menu Page The GPS 48’ s Menu Page pr ovides access to addi- tional pages (submenus) that are used to select and cus- tomize operation and navigation setup. These eight pages are divided into categories by function. W e’ve already gone over the waypoint and r oute management pages in their respective sections. Let’ s review the rest of these p[...]

System Setup (cont) • Simulator Mode allows you to operate the unit without acquiring satellites, and is ideal for prac- ticing or entering waypoints and routes while at home. T o select an operating mode: 1. Highlight the ‘MODE’ field, and press E . 2. Select a mode, and press E . Date and Time Setup The date and time is located directly bel[...]

Screen Contrast The GPS 48 has adjustable screen contrast con- trolled by an on-scr een bar scale. T o set the screen contrast: 1. Highlight the ‘CONTRAST’ field, and press E . 2. Adjust the bar scale to the desired contrast, and press E . Note: The screen contrast can also be adjusted by pressing the r ocker keypad while on the Satellite Page [...]

Navigation Setup The navigation setup submenu page is used to select units of measurement for position formats, map datums, CDI scale, units, and heading, and speed filter information. Position Formats The default position format for the GPS 48 is lati- tude and longitude in degrees and minutes (hdddºmm.mmm’). Y ou may also select degrees, min- [...]

Map Datums (continued) T o select a map datum: 1. Highlight the ‘MAP DA TUM’ field, and press E . 2. Select the desired setting, and press E . T o define a user datum: 1. Highlight the ‘MAP DA TUM’ field, and press E . 2. Scroll through the map datum options until ‘User’ appears, and press E . 3. Enter values for ‘DX’, ‘DY’, ‘[...]

Magnetic Heading Reference (cont) T o select a heading reference: 1. Highlight the ‘HEADING’ field, and press E . 2. Select the desired heading preference, and press E . T o enter a user -defined magnetic heading: . 1. Select ‘User Mag’ and press E . 2. Enter the degrees and direction of magnetic variation, and press E . T o select heading [...]

Interface Setup The GPS 48’ s interface page lets you specify the for- mats for connecting external devices. There are six options: GRMN/GRMN, None/None, R TCM/None, R TCM/NMEA , NMEA/NMEA, and None/NMEA. Each option lists the input format first, followed by the output format. T o select I/O format: 1. Highlight the I/O field, and press E . 2. Se[...]

DGPS Inter face (cont) T o enter a DGPS beacon frequency: 1. Highlight the ‘FREQ’ field, and press E . 2. Enter the desired frequency , and press E . 3. Highlight the ‘RA TE’ field, and press E . 4. Select the desired transmission rate, and press E . When the GPS 48 is receiving DGPS corrections from the GBR 21, the ‘BEACON RECVR’ secti[...]

Alarms Setup The alarms setup page is used to set the three alarms available on the GPS 48: the anchor drag alarm, arrival alarm, and CDI alarm. The anchor drag alarm will alert you if your boat has moved outside a range measured fr om a central point (your position). The arrival alarm will alert you when you are appr oaching a waypoint and have re[...]

Language Setup The GPS 48 offers nine dif ferent language selections: English, Danish, French, German, Italian, Spanish, Swedish, Portuguese and Norwegian. T o select a language: 1. From the Setup menu highlight ‘LANGUAGE’ and press E . 2. Highlight the desired language and press E . Using the Find City Function The Find City function lets you [...]

Navigation Simulator REFERENCE 56 Select the simulator mode fr om the operation mode choices and pr ess ENTER. Y ou may return to normal operation by changing the operation mode or by turning the unit off. Navigation Simulator The GPS 48’ s simulator mode lets you practice all aspects of its operation without active satellite acquisi- tion. Y ou [...]

57 Appendix A Specifications & Wiring Never attempt any repairs yourself. T o pr otect your GPS 48, keep it in its carrying case when not in use, and never allow gasoline or other solvents to come into contact with the case. Clean the case and lens with a soft cloth and a household win- dow cleaner . PHYSICAL Case: W ater proof rated to IEC 529[...]

58 DATA IN (WHITE) POWER (RED) GROUND (BLACK) DATA OUT (BROWN) Three optional cables are available to connect the GPS 48 to an external power source or interface with another unit or PC: • Cigarette Lighter Adapter— Allows connection to a 12-volt DC cigar ette lighter plug. Part No. 010-10085-00. • Data T ransfer Cable— Allows data transfer[...]

59 Battery Installation The GPS 48 operates on 4 AA alkaline batteries (includ- ed), which are installed in the base of the unit. These bat- teries provide up to 24 hours of continuous use. Rechargeable NiCad or lithium batteries may also be used. Battery life will vary due to a variety of factors, including temperatue and use of screen bacdklighti[...]

60 When creating new waypoints using Loran TD coordinates you muset set the correct loran chain number and secondary sta- tions in the Setup TD field before storing the waypoint. After the waypoint is stored in unit memory , it will always reference the loran chain number and secondary stations currently selected in the Setup TD field. If you enter[...]

Active WPT Can’t be Deleted— Y ou have attempted to change the “active to” or “active from” waypoint. Clear the active route or GOTO before making your changes. Accuracy has been Degraded— The accuracy of the GPS 48 has been degraded beyond 500 meters due to poor satellite geometry or data quality . Y ou should check other navigationa[...]

62 APPENDIX B Messages & Time Offsets R TCM Input has Failed— DGPS data being r eceived has been lost. Y ou are no longer receiv- ing the beacon signal. Searching the Sky— The GPS 48 is in sear ching the sky for almanac data or the unit is in AutoLocate TM mode. Stored Data was Lost— All waypoints, r outes, time and almanac data has been [...]

Adindan Adindan- Ethiopia, Mali, Senegal, Sudan Afgooye Afgooye- Somalia AIN EL ABD ‘70 AIN EL ANBD 1970- Bahrain Island, Saudi Arabia Anna 1 Ast ‘65 Anna 1 Astro ‘65- Cocos Isl. ARC 1950 ARC 1950- Botswana, Lesotho, Malawi, Swaziland, Zaire, Zambia, Zimbabwe ARC 1960 ARC 1960- Kenya, T anzania Ascnsn Isld ‘58 Ascension Island ‘58- Ascens[...]

Mahe 1971 Mahe 1971- Mahe Island Marco Astr o Marco Astr o- Salvage Island Massawa Massawa- Eritrea (Ethiopia) Merchich Mer chich- Morocco Midway Ast ‘61 Midway Astro ‘61- Midway Minna Minna- Nigeria NAD27 Alaska North American 1927- Alaska NAD27 Bahamas North American 1927- Bahamas (excluding San Salvador Island) NAD27 Canada North American 19[...]

65 Navaid Abbreviations APPENDIX D Lit Navaid Abbreviations F Fixed – continuous and steady light FL Single Flashing – flash repeated on given time period, not to exceed 30 per minute FL(2) Group Flashing – group of r egularly repeating flashes FL(2+1) Composite Group Flashing – a complex light FFL Fixed and Flashing – fixed light combine[...]

66 A Acquisition T ime . . . . . . .57 Activating a Route . . . . . .43 Active Route Page . . . . . .44 Acquiring a position . . . . . .6 Alarm Setup . . . . . . . . . .54 Alkaline batteries . . . . . . .57 Altitude (AL T) . . . . . . . . .18 AutoLocate™ . . . . . . . . . .6 A verage Speed (A VSPD) . .17 B Backlighting T imer . . . . . .48 Batter[...]

67 Index APPENDIX E L Language Setup . . . . . . . .55 Loran TD Positiion Format 60 M Mag. Heading Reference . .50 Man Overboard Function .38 Map Cursor . . . . . . . . . . .23 Map Datums . . . . . . .49, 63 Map Orientation . . . . . . .24 Map Page . . . . . . . . . .11, 18 Map Setup . . . . . . . . . . . .24 Marine Database . . . . . . .21 Marking[...]

68 APPENDIX E Index S Satellite Page . . . . . . . .8, 14 Scanning W aypoints . . . . .37 Screen Backlighting . .13, 48 Screen Contrast . . . . .13, 48 Signal Strength Bars . . . . .14 Simulator . . . . . . . . . . . . .55 Sky View . . . . . . . . . . . . .14 Specifications . . . . . . . . . .56 Speed Filter . . . . . . . . . . .51 System Setup . .[...]

LIMITED W ARRANTY GARMIN Corporation warrants this product to be free from defects in materials and manufacture for one year from the date of purchase. GARMIN will, at its sole option, repair or replace any components that fail in normal use. Such repairs or replacement will be made at no charge to the customer for parts or labor . The customer is,[...]

© 1999 GARMIN Corporation 1200 E. 151st Street, Olathe, KS 66062 USA GARMIN (Europe) Ltd. - Unit 5, The Quadrangle, Abbey Park, Romsey , UK SO51 9AQ UK GARMIN (Asia) Corp., No. 68, Jangshu 2nd Rd., Shijr , T aipei County , T aiwan, R.O.C. Part Number 190-00141-00 Rev B - Printed in T aiwan ® GPS48revB.qxd 1/7/00 3:12 PM Page 70[...]