Garmin GPS12 manual

Owner’s Manual & Reference GPS 12 Personal Navigator TM ® GPS12B 1/13/99 4:43 PM Page 1[...]

Software Version 4.52 or above © 1999 GARMIN Corporation GARMIN International, Inc., 1200 E. 151st Street, Olathe, Kansas66062 USA T el: 913-397-8200 or 800-800-1020 Fax: 913-397-8282 GARMIN (Europe) Ltd., Unit 5, The Quadrangle, Abbey Park, Romsey, Hampshire SO51 9AQ UK T el: 011-44-1794-519944 Fax: 011-44-1794-519222 GARMIN (Asia) Corp., 3rd Fl.[...]

GPS 12 Owner’s Manual Thank you for choosing the GARMIN GPS 12 —the smallest, easiest- to-use GPS navigator for outdoor use! The GPS 12 represents GARMIN ’ s continuing commitment to provide quality navigation information in a versatile and user-friendly flexible design you’ll enjoy for years. To get the most from your new GPS, take the tim[...]

Caution INTRODUCTION ii The GPS system is operated by the government of the United States, which is solely responsible for its accuracy and maintenance. The system is subject to changes which could affect the accuracy and performance of all GPS equipment. Although the GPS 12 is a precision electronic N A V igation AID (N A V AID), any NA V AID can [...]

1 INTRODUCTION T able of Contents SECTIO N ONE Introduction Glossary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-3 Battery Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 Keypad Usage & Data Ent r y . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5 Pr[...]

Glossa r y INTRODUCTION 2 The GPS 12 is a powerful navigation tool that can guide you anywhere in the world. To better understand its operation and capabilities, it may be helpful to review the basic terms and concepts briefly explained belo w . Other navigation and GPS definitions used in the manual are defined in the appropriate reference section[...]

3 INTRODUCTION Glossa r y Grid Coordinate system that projects the earth on a flat surface, using squa r e zones for position measurements. UTM/UPS and Maidenhead formats are grid systems. Ground Speed (SPD) The velocity you are traveling relative to a ground position. Latitude The north/south measurement of position perpendicular to the earth ’ [...]

Battery Installation The GPS 12 operates on 4 AA batteries, which are installed at the base of the unit. These batteries provide up to 24 hours of use. T o install the batteries: 1. Remove the battery cover by turning the thumb loop at the bottom of the unit 1/4 turn counte r - clockwise. 2. Insert the batteries into position. The battery pole you [...]

5 DA T A ENTRY Pr ess the U or D key to scr oll through let- ters, numbers, and to highlight menu options and data fields. Pr ess the L or R key to move along data entry fields and menu options. After a data field is highlight- ed, pr ess E to acti- vate the field for change. Pr ess E again to confirm the entries or changes. INTRODUCTION Keypad Usa[...]

Primary Pages Before we start the tour, let’s briefly look at the five primary information pages used for the GPS 12. Switch between pages by pressing either the Q o r J keys. Satellite Page Th e Satellite Pag e shows satellite positions and signal strength. Satellite positions are displayed using two circles and a center point. The outer circle [...]

Map Page Th e Map Pag e acts as a window. It allows you to view your position, the “path” you have traveled ove r , and nearby waypoints. A diamond icon in the center of the screen rep r e - sents your cu r r ent position. As you move, you will see a thin line—called a track log — appear along the path you have just covered. Names of stored[...]

Getting Started Tour Now that you’ve seen the primary pages, let’s get started by taking a simple tour to show you the basics about using your GP S 12. The tour assumes that your unit has been turned on and that none of the facto r y settings ( units of measure, selectable fields, etc.) have been changed. If these settings have been changed, th[...]

Using the Position Page W alk for 3-4 minutes and watch the Position Page. The direction you are moving (track), your speed, trip distance, and altitude are shown on the upper half of the screen. The latitude and longitude of your position are displayed in the middle of the page, with the time of day shown belo w . Let’s continue by moving to the[...]

Compass Page Whenever you select a destination waypoint, the GPS 12 provides graphic steering guidance with the Compass Page (the default navigation page). The “co m - pass ring” in the middle of the page shows your course over ground while you’re moving, with a pointer a r r ow to the destination displayed in the center. The a r r ow shows t[...]

Clearing a Cluttered Map Display After you’ve used the GPS12 for a few trips, you may find that your map display has become a bit messy from keeping track of your every move. For practice, let’s clean up the screen by clearing the track log (the plot points left on the Map Page) we’ve just created during the Getting Started tou r . 1. Press P[...]

Satellite Page The GPS 12’s Satellite Page displays the status of various receiver functions. The status information will help you understand what the GPS 12 is doing at any given time, and will tell you whether or not the receiver has calculated a position fix. Sky View and Signal Strength Bars The sky view and signal strength bars give you an i[...]

Receiver Status Receiver status is indicated at the top left of the page, with the cu r rent horizontal accuracy (estimated position e r r or, in feet or meters) at the top right. The status will be shown as one of the following conditions: Searching — the GPS 12 is looking for any avail- able satellites in vie w . AutoLocate — the GPS 12is ini[...]

Battery Level Indicator The Satellite Page also features a battery level ind i - cator, located to the left of the sky view, which displays the strength of the unit’s batteries. The battery level indicator is calibrated for alk a - line batteries. Voltage differences will display Ni-Cad and lithium batteries differently . No other receiver functi[...]

Position Page The second page in the GPS 12’s primary page sequence is the Position Page. This page shows you where you are, what direction you’re heading, and how fast you’re going, and it’s most useful when you are trav- eling without an active destination waypoint. The graph- ic heading display at the top of the page indicates the direct[...]

T o reset timer, speed measurement, or odometer: 1. Highlight the user-selectable field, and press E . ‘Reset’ will appear as a selectable option (see left). 2. Press E to confirm or Q to exit. The trip odometer, trip timer, and average speed fields are linked. Resetting one of these options in a user-selectable field will automatically reset t[...]

Marking a Position The GPS 12 allows you to mark and store up to 500 positions as waypoints. A waypoint can be entered by taking an instant electronic fix, by manually ente r - ing coordinates (pg. 20), or by using the bearing and distance to a known position (pg. 20). T o mark your present position: 1. Press M . The mark position page will appea r[...]

W aypoint Pages The GPS 12 has three waypoint pages that let you quickly manage up to 500 waypoints. These pages— nearest waypoints, waypoint list, and waypoint defin i - tion—can be accessed through the Main Menu Page. T o select a waypoint page: 1. Access the Main Menu, and highlight a waypoint page option: ‘Waypoint’, ‘Waypoint List’[...]

W aypoint List Page (continued) T o delete waypoints by symbol: 1. Follow step one from the previous page, under ‘delete all user-defined waypoints’. 2. Select ‘DELETE BY SYMBOL’ and press E . 3. Select the symbol corresponding to the waypoints you wish to delete. Press E . 4. Press E to confirm the ‘DONE’ prompt, highlight the ‘YES??[...]

W aypoint Definition Page T h e w a y p o i n t d e f i n i t i o n p a g e l e t s y o u c r e a t e n e w w a y - p o i n t s m a nu a ll y o r r e v i e w a nd e d i t a n e x i s t i n g w a y p o i n t ’ s c o o r d i n a t e s , s y m b o l s , a nd c o m m e n t s . I t i s a l s o u s e d t o d e l e t e a n i nd i v i du a l w a y p o i [...]

Reference Waypoints (cont.) 3 . H i gh l i g h t t he ‘ R E F’ f i e l d , and p r e s s E . 4 . En t e r a r e f e r ence w a y po i n t na m e ( o r l ea v e t he f i e l d b l an k t o u s e y o u r p r e s e n t po s i t i on ) , a nd p r e s s E . 5 . R epea t t he p r eced i ng t w o s t ep s t o en t e r t he bea r i n g ( ‘B R G’ f [...]

Renaming and Deleting Waypoints The rename and delete function fields are located along the bottom left side of the waypoint definition page. T o rename a stored waypoint: 1. Highlight ‘RENAME?’, and press E . 2. Enter the new waypoint name, and press E . 3. Press E to confirm the ‘Yes?’ prompt. T o delete a stored waypoint: 1. Highlight ?[...]

Selecting a GOT O Destination The GPS 12 provides four ways to navigate to a destination: GOTO, MOB, TracBack, and route navig a - tion. The most basic method of selecting a destination is the GOTO function, which lets you choose any stored waypoint as the destination and quickly sets a direct course from your present position. T o activate the GOT[...]

T racBack Navigation GARMIN’s patented TracBack feature allows you to quickly retrace your path using the track log automati- cally stored in the receiver. This feature eliminates the need to mark waypoints along the way and manually create and activate a route back to where you began your trip. Three track recording options are available: Off ?[...]

Tips On the TracBack Featu r e • Always clear your track log at the exact point that you want to go back to (trail head, truck, etc.). • The ‘RECORD’ option on the track log setup page must be set to ‘WRAP’ or ‘FILL’. • There must be at least two track log points stored in memory to create a TracBack route. • If there is not eno[...]

Route Navigation The last form of navigating to a destination with the GPS 12 is by creating a use r -defined r oute. The r oute navigation feature lets you plan and navigate a course f r om one place to another using a set of p r e-defined waypoints. Routes are often used when it ’ s not practical, safe, or possible to navigate a di r ect course[...]

Route Definition Page The last form of navigating to a destination with the GPS 12 is by creating a user-defined route. The GPS 12 lets you create and store up to 20 routes of 30 waypoints each. Routes can be copied, cleared, inverted, and act i - vated through the route definition page. T o select the route definition page: 1. Highlight ‘ROUTES?[...]

Creating and Navigating Routes T o create a route from the route definition page: 1. Highlight the route number field, and press E . 2. Enter a route number, and press E . (Select an empty route—without any waypoints listed—when creating a new route.) 3. Enter the first waypoint of your route, and press E . As you continue entering the rest of [...]

Active Route Page Once a route has been activated, the active route page will display the waypoint sequence of your route with the estimated time enroute (ETE) at your present speed and the distance to each waypoint. As long as you are navigating an active route, the active route page will become part of the main page sequence of the unit. The acti[...]

Editing Routes A route can be edited any time after its creation. T o edit a route from the active route page or the route definition page: 1. Select the waypoint you want to edit, and press E . An on-screen menu of editing choices will appea r , with options for reviewing, inserting, deleting, or changing the waypoint field highlighted. This field[...]

Selecting a Navigation Page Once you’ve selected a GOTO destination or act i - vated a TracBack, MOB, or route; the GPS 12 will p r o- vide graphic steering guidance to the destination with one of two navigation pages: • The Compass Pag e (default) provides a dire c - tional pointer indicating the bearing to your desti- nation and a rotating co[...]

Selecting a Navigation Page (cont.) The ‘ETE’ field, located at bottom center on both pages, is a user-selectable field that allows you to di s - play a variety of navigation values for your trip. T o access the user-selectable field: 1. Highlight ‘ETE’, and press E . 2. Use the keypad to scroll through the possible options. The following d[...]

Using the Compass Page The Compass Page provides better steering gui d - ance than the Highway Page for travel at slower speeds (e.g., walking), travel with many directional changes and when it’s not necessary to follow an exact course. The bearing (BRG) and distance (DST) to the wa y - point are displayed at the top of the page, below the destin[...]

Using the Highway Page The GPS 12’s Highway Page provides graphic stee r - ing guidance to a destination waypoint, with a greater emphasis on the straight-line desired course and the distance and direction you are off course. The bearing and distance to a waypoint—along with your cu r rent track and speed—are displayed at the top of the scree[...]

Map Page The Map Page shows your position and sur round- ings, and provides you with a target cursor that lets you pan ahead to nearby waypoints, determine the di s - tance and bearing to a map position, and mark new waypoints while you navigate. The Map Page is broken down into two sections: control fields and map section. The zoom function, panni[...]

Zooming, Panning, and Map Options There are three main functions you can perform from the Map Page— zooming, pointing & panning, and options (changing the map/track setup and finding cities). Each of these functions has its own “field”, which may be selected and activated for use. Whenever the Map Page first appears, the zoom field (at th[...]

Zooming, Panning, and Map Options (cont.) From the waypoint definition page, you can also define how each individual waypoint is displayed on the map. The GPS 12 displays waypoints as a name with a co r r esponding symbol (e.g., “fuel” and a gas pump symbol), a symbol only (e.g., a fish symbol), or a 16-character comment and co r responding sym[...]

Using the Cursor to Mark and Go to (cont.) Y ou can also use the target crosshair as an instant GOTO destination. This feature is similar to the MOB mode, and will allow you to mark and instantly set a course for a new waypoint called ‘MAP’. T o go to the target crosshair: 1. Place the target crosshair on the desired location. 2. Press G , and [...]

Map Setup Page and Orientation (cont.) • ’Nearest’— shows up to nine nearest waypoints (from your present position) on the map. • ’Names’— displays the waypoint name for up to nine nearest waypoints. • ’Track Log’— displays and plots track log points on the map. T o turn a map item on or off: 1. Highlight the data field next[...]

T rack Log Display The track log option sets the number of points the unit will attempt to display on the Map Page. The default setting of 250 points provides good resolution with minimal screen clutter. The maximum setting is 1024 points. Once you’ve reached the maximum nu m - ber of track points, the older points will be lost as new points are [...]

Distance and Sun Calculations The distance and sun calculation page will give you the distance and bearing between any two waypoints or between your present position and a waypoint. It will also calculate the sunrise and sunset (in local time) for a particular date at either your present position or any stored waypoint. T o perform a distance and s[...]

System Setup: Mode The system setup page is used to select the operat- ing mode, time offset, and screen preferences. The GPS 12 has two operating modes: • Normal Mod e operates the unit at maximum performance, and provides battery life of up to 24 hours on alkaline batteries. • Simulator Mod e allows you to operate the unit without acquiring s[...]

System Setup: Screen Contrast The GPS 12 has adjustable screen contrast con- trolled by an on-screen bar scale. Use this option to adjust the screen contrast. T o set the screen contrast: 1. Highlight the ‘CONTRAST’ field, and press E . 2. Adjust the bar scale to the desired contrast, and press E . Note: The screen contrast can also be adjusted[...]

Navigation Setup Page The navigation setup page is used to select the desired position format, map datum, CDI scale, units of measure for speed and distance, and a heading reference. Navigation Setup: Position Formats The default position format for the GPS 12 is lat i - tude and longitude in degrees and minutes (hdddº mm.mmm’). You may also sel[...]

Navigation Setup: Map Datums (continued) T o define a user datum: 1. Highlight the ‘MAP DATUM’ field, and press E . 2. Scroll through the map datum options until ‘User’ appears, and press E . 3. Enter the five parameters of the map datum—‘DX’, ‘DY’, ‘DZ’, ‘DA’, and ‘DF’—using the rocker keypad, and press E . The sign[...]

Angular Heading Selection The GPS 1 2 gives you the ability to change your angular display. Choose this field to toggle between degrees and MILS. T o change between degrees and MILS: 1. Highlight the angle heading field and press E 2. Select the desired setting and press E . Alarms The alarms page is used to set two alarms on the GPS 12: arrival an[...]

Interface Setup The GPS 12’s interface page lets you specify the fo r - mats for connecting external devices. There are six options: GRMN/GRMN, None/None, RTCM/None, R TCM/NMEA , NMEA/NMEA, and None/NMEA. Each option lists the input format first, followed by the out- put format. T o select an I/O format: 1. Highlight the I/O field and press E . 2[...]

Interface Setup: DGPS (continued) T o enter a DGPS beacon frequency: 1. Highlight the ‘FREQ’ field, and press E . 2. Enter the desired frequency, and press E . 3. Highlight the ‘RATE’ field, and press E . 4. Select the desired bit rate (bps), and press E . Note: The frequency and bit rate fields are disabled when the ‘RTCM/NONE’ option [...]

Language Setup The GPS 12’s Language Setup allows you to change your unit’s display language. Changing the display la n - guage does not effect user entered data. All views will be changed to the selected language except the wa y - point names, route names, and all comments. T o change the display language: 1. From the Setup Menu Page, highligh[...]

Initializing Your GPS 12 for First-Time Use The GPS 12 typically acquires a position fast enough that initialization is not required. However, in i - tialization may be necessary for the following: • After memory loss • When the receiver has been moved more than 500 miles with the power off. Additionally, it may be necessary to initialize the u[...]

T o initialize the receiver: 1. If the ‘COUNTRY’ option is not highlighted, press the D key repeatedly to move the field highlight to the ‘COUNTRY’ option. 2. Press the E ke y . 3. Use th e D key to scroll through the list options until the country of your present position appears. 4. Use th e U key to highlight the country/state/region you[...]

Specifications & Wiring APPENDIX B 52 Never attempt any repairs yourself. To protect your GPS 12, keep it in a covered container or case when not in use, and never allow gasoline or other solvents to come into contact with the case. Clean the case and lens with a soft cloth and a hous e - hold window cleane r . PHYSICAL Case: waterproof* Size: [...]

APPENDIX B Specifications & W iring DATA IN (WHITE) POWER (RED) GROUND (BLACK) DATA OUT (BROWN) Three optional cables are available to connect the GPS 12 to an exte r nal power sou r ce or interface with another unit or PC: • Cigarette Lighter Adapter— Allows connection to a 12-volt DC ciga r ette lighter plug. Part No. 010-10084-00. • Da[...]

Messages & Time Offsets APPENDIX C The GPS 12 uses a flashing on-screen message indic a - tor to alert you to important information. Whenever the message indicator appears, press PAGE to view the me s - sage page. There are two types of messages: tempora r y alerts and condition alerts. Temporary alerts are cleared from the message page after v[...]

APPENDIX C Messages & T ime Offsets Route Waypoint was Deleted — A route waypoint entered does not exist in the database and has been deleted from the route. R TCMInput has Failed — DGPS data being received has been lost. You are no longer recei v - ing the beacon signal. Searching the Sky — The GPS 12 is in searching the sky for almanac [...]

Map Datums APPENDIX D 56 The following list shows the map datums available for the GPS 12. Menu abbreviations are listed first, followed by the co r r esponding map datum name and area. The default map datum for the GPS 12 is WGS 84. Adindan Adindan- Ethiopia, Mali, Senegal, Sudan Afgooye Afgooye- Somalia AINELABD ‘70 AIN ELANBD 1970- Bahrain Isl[...]

Mahe 1971 Mahe 1971- Mahe Island Marco Ast r o Marco Astro- Salvage Island Massawa Massawa- Eritrea (Ethiopia) Merchich Merchich- Morocco Midway Ast ‘61 Midway Astro ‘61- Midway Minna Minna- Nigeria NAD27 Alaska North American 1927- Alaska NAD27 Bahamas North American 1927- Bahamas (excluding San Salvador Island) NAD27 Canada North American 192[...]

A Activating a Route . . . . . .28 Active Route Page . . . . . .29 Acquiring a position . . . . . . 8 Alarms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .46 Adjusting Screen Contras t 11 Altitude (ALT) . . . . . .15-16 Angular Heading Selectio n 46 Arrival Ala r m . . . . . . . . . .46 AutoLocate™ . . . . . . . . . .50 A verage Speed (AVSPD) . .15 A veraging pos[...]

I I/O format . . . . . . . . . . . .47 Initializing . . . . . . . . . . . .50 Interface Setup . . . . . . . . .47 Inverting a Route . . . . . . .28 K Keypad Usage . . . . . . . . . .5 L Language Setup . . . . . . . .49 M Mag. Heading Reference . .45 Managing Track Log . . . . .40 Man Overboard . . . . . . . .23 Map Cursor . . . . . . . . . . .37 Ma[...]

S Satellite Page . . . . . . . .6, 12 Scanning Waypoints . . . . .22 Screen Backlightin g 11,14,43 Screen Contrast . . . . .11, 43 Selecting a Nav Page . .31-32 Setup Menu . . . . . . . . . . .41 Signal Strength Bars . . . . .12 Simulator . . . . . . . . . . . . .49 Sky View . . . . . . . . . . . . .12 Specifications . . . . . . . . . .52 Symbols .[...]

LIMITED W ARRANTY GARMIN Corporation warrants this product to be free from defects in materials and manufacture for one year from the date of purchase. GARMIN will at its sole option, repair or replace any com - ponents which fail in normal use. Such repairs or replacement will be made at no charge to the customer for parts or labor. The cus - tome[...]

© 1999 GARMIN Corporation GARMIN International, Inc., 1200 E. 151st Street, Olathe, KS 66062 USA W eb Site Address: www.garmin.com GARMIN (Europe) Ltd. - Unit 5, The Quadrangle, Abbey Park, Romsey, Hampshire, SO51 9AQ, UK GARMIN (Asia) Corp., 3th Fl., No. 1, Lane 45, Pao-Hsing Road, Hsin Tien, Taipei, Taiwan R.O.C. Part Number 190-00143-10 Rev. B [...]