HP 39gII manual

hp 39g+ graphing calculator user’s guide H Edition 2 Part Number F2224-90001[...]

Notice REGISTER YOUR PRODUCT AT: www.register.hp.com THIS MANUAL AND ANY EXAMPLES CONTAINED HEREIN ARE PROVIDED “AS IS” AND ARE SUBJECT TO CHANGE WITHOUT NOTICE. HEWLETT-PACKARD COMPANY MAKES NO WARRAN TY OF ANY KIND WITH REGARD TO THIS MANUAL, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES O F MERCHANTABILITY, NON-INFRIN GEMENT AND FITN[...]

Contents i Contents Preface Manual conventions ................ ................ ................. ............. P-1 Notice ......... ............. ................ ................. ................ .......... P-2 1 Getting started On/off, cancel operatio ns ........... ................. ................ .......... 1-1 The display ................[...]

ii Content s 3 Function aplet About the Fu nction aplet ....... ................. ................ ............. ... 3-1 Getting started with the Function aplet ... ................ ............. 3-1 Function aplet intera ctive analysis . ................ ................ .......... 3-9 Plotting a piecewise -defined function ..... ................ [...]

Contents iii 9 Inference aplet About the Inference a plet ................... ................ ................ .... 9-1 Getting started with the Infere nce aplet ..................... .......... 9-1 Importing sample statistics from the Statistics a plet ......... ....... 9-4 Hypothesis tests ...................... ............. ................ ..[...]

iv Content s 12 Variables and memory management Introduction ........ ................ ................. ................ ............. . 12-1 Storing and recalling variables ..... ................ ................ ........ 12-2 The VARS menu ............. ................ ................ ................. .... 12-4 Memory Manager ............ ...[...]

Contents v 16 Programming Introduction ..... ................. ................ ................ ............. ..... 16-1 Program catalog .......... ................ ................ ................ .. 16-2 Creating and editing pro grams .............. ................ ............... 16-4 Using programs ... ................ ................ .....[...]

vi Content s Reference information Glossary... ................. ............. ................ ................ ............. R-1 Resetting the hp 3 9g+ .............. ................ ................ ............. R-3 To erase all memory and reset defaults .................. ............. R-3 If the calculator doe s not turn on .................[...]

Preface P-1 Preface The hp 39g+ is a feature-rich graphing calculator. It is also a powerful mathematics learning tool. The hp 39g+ is designed so that you can use it to explore mathematical functions and their proper ties. You can get more information on the hp 39g+ from Hewlett-Packard’s Calcula tors web site. You can download customized aplets[...]

P-2 Pre face Notice This manual and any examples contained herein are provided as-is and are subject to change without notice. Except to the extent prohibit ed by law, Hewlett-Packard Company makes no express or implied warranty of any kind with regard to this manu al and specifically di sclaims the implied warranties and conditions of merchantabil[...]

Getting started 1-1 1 Get ting star ted On/off, cancel operations To turn on Press to turn on the calculator. To cancel When the calculator is on, the key cancels the current operation. To turn off Press OFF to turn the calculator off. To save power, the calc ulator turns itself off afte r several minutes of inactivity. All stored and displayed inf[...]

1-2 Getting started The display To adjust the contrast Simultaneously press and (or ) to increase (or decrease) the contrast. To clear the display • Pres s CANCEL to clear the edit line . • Pres s CLEAR to cle ar the edit line and the display history . Parts of the display Menu key or soft key labels. The labe ls f or the men u k e ys ’ curr [...]

Getting started 1-3 Annunciators . Annunciators are sy mbo ls that appear above the title bar and give you important status information. The keyboard Menu keys Annunciator Description Shift in effect for next keystroke. To cancel, press again. α Alpha in effect for next keystroke. To cancel, press again. (( • )) Low battery power. Busy. Data is [...]

1-4 Getting started • On the calculator k e y boar d, the top r o w of k e y s ar e called menu k e ys . T heir meanings depend on the conte xt—that’s w h y the ir tops ar e blank . The menu k ey s ar e sometime s called “ s oft k ey s ” . • The bottom line o f the displa y sho ws the labels f or the menu k e ys ’ c urr ent meanings .[...]

Getting started 1-5 Entry/Edit keys The entry and edit keys are: K ey Meaning ( CANCEL ) Cancels the current operation if the calculator is on by pressing . Pressing , then OFF turns the calculator off. Accesses the function printed in blue above a key. Returns to the HOME view, for performing calculations. Accesses the alphabetical characters prin[...]

1-6 Getting started Shifted keystr okes There are two shift keys that you use to access the operations and characters printed above the keys: and . CHARS Displays a menu of all avai lable characters. To type one, use the arrow keys to highlight it, and press . To select multiple characters, select each and press , then press . Ke y Meaning (Continu[...]

Getting started 1-7 HELPWITH The hp 39g+ built-in help is available in HOME only. It provides syntax help for bu ilt-in math functions. Access the HELPWITH command by pressing SYNTAX and then the math key for which you require syntax help. Example Pres s SYNTAX Note: R emo ve the le ft parenthesis f r om built-in functi ons suc h as sine , cosine ,[...]

1-8 Getting started • Pr essing takes y o u to the beginning of the MA TH menu . See “Math functions by category” on page 11-2 for details of the math functions. HINT When using the MA TH menu , or an y menu on the hp 3 9g+, pr essing an alpha ke y tak es y ou str aight to the fir st menu optio n beginning with that alpha c har acter . W ith [...]

Getting started 1-9 • If there ar e tw o columns, the left column sho ws gener al categor i es and the r ight column sho w s spec if ic co ntents within a catego ry . Highlight a gener al category in the left column , then highli ght an item in the r ight column . T he list in the ri ght column change s whe n a differ ent cat egory is highligh te[...]

1-10 Getting started Mode settings You use the Modes input form to set the modes for HOME. HINT Although the numeric setting in Modes affects only HOME, the angle setting controls HOME and the current aplet. The angle setting selected in Modes is the ang le setting used in both HOME and current aplet. To further configure an aplet, you use the SETU[...]

Getting started 1-11 Number Format The number format mode you set is the number format used in both HOME and the current aplet. Standard . Full-precision display. Fixed . Displays results rounded to a number of decimal places. Example: 123.456789 becomes 123 .46 in Fixed 2 format. Scientific . Displays results with an exponent, one digit to the lef[...]

1-12 Getting started Setting a mode This example demonstrates how to change the angle measure from the default mode, radians, to degrees for the current aplet. The procedur e is the same for changing number format and decimal mark modes. 1. Pres s MODES to open the HOME MODES input form. The c urs or (highligh t) is in the firs t f ield , Angle Mea[...]

Getting started 1-13 • Copi ed fr om another calculator . Aplets a re store d in the Aple t library. See “Aplet library” on page 1-16 for further information. You can modify configuration settings for the graphical, tabular, and symbolic views of the aplets in the following table. See “Aplet view configuration” on page 1-18 for further in[...]

1-14 Getting started A great many more teaching ap lets can be found at HP’s web site and other web sites created by educators, together with accompanying documentation, often with student work sheets. These can be downloaded free of charge and transferred to the hp 39g+ using the separately supplied Connectivity Kit. Quad Explorer aplet The Quad[...]

Getting started 1-15 A button is provided to evaluate the student’s knowledge. Pressing displays a target qu adratic graph. The student must manipulate the equation’s parameters to make the equation match the target graph. When a student feels that they have correctly chosen the parameters a button evaluates the answer and provide feedback. An [...]

1-16 Getting started Pressing displays the equation at the top of the screen. The equation is controlled by the graph. Pressing the and keys moves from parameter to parameter. Pressing the or key changes the parameter’s values. The default angle setting for this aplet is radians. The angle setting can be changed to degrees by pressing . Aplet lib[...]

Getting started 1-17 Plot view Pre ss to display the aplet’s Plot vi ew . In this vi e w , the functi ons that y ou hav e de fined ar e display ed gr a phically . See “About the Plot view” on page 2-5 for further information. Numeric view Press to display the aplet’s Numeric view. In this view, the functions that you have defined are displa[...]

1-18 Getting started Overlay Plot view The VIEWS menu contains the Overlay Plot view. Select Overlay Plot Plots the current expression(s) without erasing any pre-exis ting plot(s). See “Other views for scaling and splitting the graph” on page 2-14 for further information. Note view Press NOTE to display the aplet’s note view. This note is tra[...]

Getting started 1-19 Numeric Setup Press SETUP - NUM . Sets parameters for building a table of numeric values. Symbolic Setup This view is only available in the Statistics aplet in mode, where it plays an important role in cho osing data models. Press SETUP - SYMB . To change views Each view is a separate environment. To change a view, select a dif[...]

1-20 Getting started • Pres s to e valuat e the expr e ssio n y ou hav e in the edit line (w her e the blinking cur sor is). An expr essi on can contain numbers , func tions , and vari ab le s. Example Calculate : Long results If the result is too long to fit on the display line, or if you want to see an expression in textbook format, press to hi[...]

Getting started 1-21 Explicit and implicit multiplication Implied multiplication takes place when two operands appear with no operator in between. If you enter AB , for example, the result is A*B . However, for clarity, it is better to include the multiplication sign where you expect multiplication in an expression. It is clearest to enter AB as A*[...]

1-22 Getting started Algebraic precedence order of evaluation Functions within an expression are evaluated in the following order of precedence. Functions with the same precedence are evaluated in order from left to right. 1. Ex pressions within parenthe ses. Neste d pa rentheses are e valuated fr om inner to outer . 2 . Pr ef i x functi ons, such [...]

Getting started 1-23 When you highlight a previous input or resu lt (by pressing ), the and menu labels appear. To copy a previous line Highlight the line (press ) and press . The number (or expression) is co pied into the ed it line. To reuse the last result Press ANS (last answer) to put the last result from the HOME display into an expression. A[...]

1-24 Getting started HINT When you retrieve a number from ANS , you obtain the result to its full precision. When you retrieve a number from the HOME’s display history, you obtain exactly what was displayed. Pressing evaluates (or re-evaluates) the last input, whereas pressing ANS copies the last result (as ANS ) into the edit line. Storing a val[...]

Getting started 1-25 Accessing the display history Pressing enables the highlight bar in the display history. While the highlight bar is active, the following menu and keyboard keys are very useful: Clearing the display history It’s a good habit to cl ear the display history ( CLEAR ) whenever you have finish ed working in HOME. It saves calculat[...]

1-26 Getting started 2 . Select Number Format , pre ss to display the options , and highli ght Fraction . 3 . Pres s to select the Number For mat option, then mov e to the prec ision v alue field . 4. Enter the prec isi on value that y ou w ant to use , and pre ss to set the prec isi on . Pr ess to r eturn to HOME . See “Setting fr action pr ec i[...]

Getting started 1-27 • Prec ision set to 1: • Prec ision set to 2 : • Prec ision set to 3: • Prec ision set to 4 Fraction calculations When entering fractions: • Y ou use the ke y to separate the numerator part and the denominator par t of the fr action . • T o enter a mi x ed fr ac tion , f or e x ample , 1 1 / 2 , y ou enter it in the[...]

1-28 Getting started 2. E n t e r t h e c a l c u l a t i o n . 32 3 45 7 8 Note: Ensur e y ou ar e in the HOME v ie w . 3 . Evaluate the calc ulati on. Converting decimals to fractions To convert a decimal value to a fraction: 1. Set the number for mat mode to Fraction . 2 . E ither r etr i ev e the v alue fr om the History , or enter the value on[...]

Getting started 1-29 Complex numbers Complex results The hp 39g+ can return a comp lex number as a result for some math functions. A comp lex number appears as an ordered pair ( x, y ), where x is the real part and y is the imaginary part. For example, entering returns (0,1). To enter complex numbers Enter the number in either of these forms, where[...]

1-30 Getting started Catalogs and editors The hp 39g+ has several cata logs and editors. You use them to create and manipulate objects. They access features and stored values (numbe rs or text or other items) that are independent of aplets. • A catalog lists items, w hich y ou can delete or tr ansmit , fo r e xam ple an aple t . • An editor let[...]

Aplets and their views 2-1 2 Aplets and th eir vie ws Aplet views This section examines the options and func tionality of the three main views for the Functio n, Polar, Parametric, and Sequence aplets: Symbolic, Plot, and Numeric views. About the Symbolic view The Symbolic view is the defining view for the Functi on, Parametric, Polar, and Seque nc[...]

2-2 Aplets and their views – For a Function definition , e nt er an ex pr essi on to def ine F(X) . The only independent variab le in th e exp re ss io n is X. – Fo r a P arametr ic definition , e nt er a pair of expr es sio ns to def ine X(T) and Y(T) . The onl y independent var ia ble in the expr e ssions is T . – Fo r a Pol a r definition [...]

Aplets and their views 2-3 Evaluating expressions In aplets In the Symbolic view, a variable is a symbol only, and does not represent one specif ic value. To evaluate a function in Symbolic view, press . If a function calls another function, then resolves all references to other functions in terms of their independent vari able. 1. Choo se the F un[...]

2-4 Aplets and their views In HOME You can also evaluate any expression in HOME by entering it into the edit line and pressing . For example, define F4 as below. In HOME, type F4(9) and press . This evaluates the expression, substituting 9 in place of X into F4 . SYMB view keys The following table details the menu keys that you use to work with the[...]

Aplets and their views 2-5 About the Plot view After entering and selecting (check marking) the expression in the Symbolic view, press . To adjust the appearance of the graph or the interval that is displayed, you can change the Plot view settings. You can plot up to ten expressions at the same time. Select the expressions you want to be plotted to[...]

2-6 Aplets and their views Plot view settings The plot view settings are: Those items with space for a checkmark are settings you can turn on or off. Press to display the second page. Field Meaning XRNG, YRNG Specifies the minimum and maximum horizontal ( X ) and vertical ( Y ) values for the plotting window. RES For function plots: Resolution; “[...]

Aplets and their views 2-7 Reset plot settings To reset the default values for all plot settings, press CLEAR in the Plot Setup view. To reset the default value for a field, highlight the field, and press . Exploring the graph Pl ot v i ew gi v e s y ou a se l ec t io n of k ey s an d m e nu k ey s to explore a graph further. The options vary from [...]

2-8 Aplets and their views Trace a graph You can trace along a function using the or key which moves the cursor along the graph. The display also shows the current coordinate position ( x, y ) of the cu rsor. Trace mode and the coordinate disp lay are automatically set when a plot is drawn. Note: Tracing might not appe ar to exactly follow your plo[...]

Aplets and their views 2-9 To jump directly to a value To jump straight to a value rather than using the Trace function, use the menu key. Press , then enter a value. Press to jump to the value. To turn trace on/off If the menu labels are no t displayed, press first. • T urn off trace mode b y pr essing . • T urn on trace mode by pr essing . ?[...]

2-10 Aplets and their views Y-Zoom In Divides vertical sc ale only, using Y-factor. Y-Zoom Out Multiplies vertical scale only, using Y-factor. Square Changes the vertical scale to match the horizontal scale. (Use this after doing a Box Zoom, X- Zoom, or Y-Zoom.) Set Factors... Sets the X-Zoom and Y-Zoom factors for zooming in or zooming out. Includ[...]

Aplets and their views 2-11 ZOOM examples The following screens show the effects of zooming options on a plot of . Plot of Zoom In : In Un-zoom : Un-zoom Note: Press to move to the bottom of the Zoom list. Zoom Out : Out Now un- zoom. X-Zoom In : X-Zoom In Now un- zoom. Un-zoom Returns the display to the previous zoom, or if there has been only one[...]

2-12 Aplets and their views X-Zoom Out : X-Zoom Out Now un-zoom. Y-Zoom In: Y-Zoom In Now un-zoom. Y-Zoom Out: Y-Zoom Out Zoom Square: Square To box zoom The Box Zoom option lets you draw a box around the area you want to zoom in on by selecting the endpoints of one diagonal of the zoom rectangle. 1. If necessary , press to turn o n the menu-key la[...]

Aplets and their views 2-13 5 . Press to zoom in on the bo x ed ar ea . To set zoom factors 1. In the P lot v ie w , pr e ss . 2. P r e s s . 3. Se l e c t Set Factors... and pr es s . 4. Enter the z oom factors . Ther e is one z oom factor fo r the horiz onta l scal e ( XZOOM ) and one for the v ertical scal e ( YZOOM ). Z ooming out multiplie s t[...]

2-14 Aplets and their views Other views for scaling and splitting the graph The preset viewing options menu ( ) contains options for drawing the plot using certain pre-defined configurations. This is a shortcut for changi ng Plot view settings. For instance, if you have defined a trigonometric function, then you could select Trig to plot your funct[...]

Aplets and their views 2-15 Split the screen The Plot-Detail view can give you two simultaneous views of the plot. 1. Pr ess . Select Plot-Detail and pr es s . The graph is plot ted t wice . Y ou can now z oom in on the r ight si de . 2. P r e s s , select the z oom method and press or . This z oo ms the r ight si de . Her e is an ex ample o f spli[...]

2-16 Aplets and their views 2 . T o move up and dow n the ta ble , use the and c ursor k e y s . These k eys mo v e the tr a.ce po int le ft or ri ght along the plo t , and in the table , the corr es ponding value s are highlighte d. 3 . T o move between f unctions , use the and c ursor k e y s to mo v e the curs or fr om o ne graph to another . 4.[...]

Aplets and their views 2-17 Setting up the table (Numeric view setup) Press NUM to define any of the table settings. Use the Numeric Setup input form to configure the table. 1. Hi ghlight the f ield t o edit. U se the arr o w k e y s to mo v e from fiel d to fie ld. – If there is a number to enter , type it in and pr ess or . T o mo dify an ex is[...]

2-18 Aplets and their views Reset numeric settings To reset the default values for all table settings, press CLEAR . Exploring the table of numbers NUM view menu keys The following table details the menu keys that you use to work with the table of numbers. Zoom within a table Zooming redraws the table of numbers in greater or lesser detail. ZOOM op[...]

Aplets and their views 2-19 The display on the right is a Zoom In of the display on the left. The ZOOM factor is 4. HINT To jump to an independ ent variable value in the table, use the arrow keys to place the cursor in the independent variable column, then ente r the value to jump to. Automatic recalculation You can enter any new value in the X col[...]

2-20 Aplets and their views 5 . Enter the independent values in the left-hand column. T ype in a number and press . Y ou do not have to enter them in order , because the function can rear r ange them. T o inser t a number between tw o othe rs, use . Clear data Press CLEAR , to erase the data from a table. “Build Your Own” menu keys F1 and F2 en[...]

Aplets and their views 2-21 Example: plotting a circle Plot the circle, x 2 + y 2 = 9 . First rearrange it to read . To plot both the positive and negative y values, you need to define two equations as follows: and 1. In the Funct ion aplet , spec if y the functi ons . Select Function 9 9 2 . R ese t the gr aph setu p to the def ault s ettings. SET[...]

2-22 Aplets and their views 5 . Display the func tions in n umeri c f orm .[...]

Function aplet 3-1 3 Function aplet About the Function aplet The Function aplet enables you to explore up to 10 real-valued, rectangular functions y in terms of x . For example . Once you have defined a function you can: • cr eate gr aphs to f ind r oots , inter cepts, slope , signed area , and e xtr ema • cr eate tables to e valuate f unctions[...]

3-2 Function aplet Define the expressions 2 . T her e ar e 10 functi on de finiti on f ields on the F unction aplet’s S ymbolic v ie w s cr een . T hey ar e labeled F1(X) to F0(X). Highlight the f uncti on def initio n fi eld y ou w ant to u se , and ente r an e xpr e ssi on . (Y o u can pr es s to delete an ex is ting line, or CLEAR to clear all[...]

Function aplet 3-3 Change the scale 6. Y ou ca n change the sca le to see more or less of your gra phs. In this e x ample , c hoos e Auto Scale . (S ee “VIEW S menu opti ons ” on page 2 -14 fo r a descrip tio n of Auto Sc al e) . Select Auto Scale Trace a graph 7 . T race the linear f uncti on . 6 times Note: B y def ault , the trace r is acti [...]

3-4 Function aplet Analyse graph with FCN functions 9. Display the Plot view menu. From the Plot view menu, you can use the functions on the FCN menu to find roots, intersections, slopes, and areas for a function defined in the Function aplet (and any Function-based ap lets). The FCN functions act on the currently selected graph. See “FCN functi [...]

Function aplet 3-5 12 . Choose the linear f uncti on w hos e inter sec tion w ith the quadr atic f unctio n y ou w ish to f ind. The coo r dinates of the intersec tion po int ar e display ed at the bottom of the screen . Note: If ther e is mor e than one inters ecti on (as in our e x ample), the coordinat es of the inters ecti on point clo sest to [...]

3-6 Function aplet 15 . Mov e the c urs or to by pr e ssing the or key . 16. Pre ss to accept using F2(x) = (x + 3) 2 – 2 as the other boundar y for the integr al. 17 . Choos e the end v alue for x . 2 Th e cu rso r jum ps t o x = –2 on the linear functi on . 18. Display the numerical value of the integral. Note: See “Shading ar ea ” on pag[...]

Function aplet 3-7 HINT The Root and Extremum functions return one value only even if the fun ction has more than one root or extremum. The function finds the value closest to the position of the cursor. You need to re-locate the cursor to find other roots or extrema that may exist. Display the numeric view 20. Display the numer ic v ie w . Set up [...]

3-8 Function aplet To navigate around a table 2 4. Mov e to X = –5 .9 . 6 times To go directly to a value 2 5 . Mov e direc tly to X = 10. 1 0 To access the zoom options 2 6. Z oom in on X = 10 b y a factor o f 4. Note: NUMZOOM has a setting of 4 . In To change font size 2 7 . Display ta ble numbe rs in lar ge fo nt . To display the symbolic defi[...]

Function aplet 3-9 Function aplet interactive analysis From the Plot view ( ), you can use the functions on the FCN menu to find roots, intersection s, slopes, and areas for a function defined in the Function aplet (and any Function-based aplets). See “FCN functions” on page 3- 10. The FCN operations act on the currently selected graph. The res[...]

3-10 Function aplet FCN functions The FCN functions are: Function Description Root Select Root to find the root of the current function nearest the cursor. If no root is fo und, but only an extremum, then the result is labeled EXTR: instead of ROOT: . (The root-finder is also used in the Solve aplet. See also “Interpreting results” on page 7-6.[...]

Function aplet 3-11 Shading area You can shade a selected area between functions. This process also gives yo u an approximate measurement o f the area shaded. 1. Open the Function aplet . T he Func tion aplet opens in the S y mbolic v ie w . 2 . S elect the e xpr essions w ho se c urve s y ou w ant to study . 3 . Press to plot the f uncti ons. 4. P[...]

3-12 Function aplet Plotting a piecewise-defined function Suppose you wanted to plot the following piecewise- defined function. 1. Open the Functi on aple t. Select Function 2 . Hi ghlight the line y ou w ant to u se , and ent er the expr essi on. ( Y ou can press to delete an e xis ting line , or CLEAR to clear all lines .) 2 CHARS ≤ 1 CHARS >[...]

Parametric aplet 4-1 4 Pa r a m e t r i c a p l e t About the Parametric aplet The Parametric aplet allows you to explore parametric equations. These are equations in which both x and y are defined as functions of t . They take the forms and . Getting started with the Parametric aplet The following example uses the parametric equations Note: This e[...]

4-2 Parametric aplet Set angle measure 3 . Set the angl e measure to degrees. MODES Select Degrees Set up the plot 4. Display the graphing options. PLOT The P lo t Setup in put f orm has tw o f ie lds not inc luded in the Functi on aplet , TRNG and TSTEP . TRNG spec if ie s the r ange of t val u es. TSTEP specif ies the step value between t values.[...]

Parametric aplet 4-3 Overlay plot 8. Plot a triangle graph over the existing circle graph. PLOT 120 Select Overlay Plot A tria ngle is display ed r ather than a c ir cle ( w ithout c hanging the equati on) because the c hanged v alue of TSTEP ensur es that points being plotted are 120 ° apart inst ead of near l y continuous . Y ou ar e able to e x[...]

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Polar aplet 5-1 5 Po l a r a p l e t Getting started with the Polar aplet Open the Polar aplet 1. Open th e P olar aplet. Select Polar L ik e the F uncti on aplet , the P olar aplet opens in the S y mbolic vi e w . Define the expression 2 . De fine the po lar equati on . 2 π 2 Specify plot settings 3 . Spec ify the plot settings. In this e xam ple[...]

5-2 Polar aplet Explore the graph 5 . Display the P lot v ie w menu k e y labels . Th e Plo t vi ew op t i on s av ailable ar e the same as those fo und in the F unctio n aplet. See “Explor ing the gr aph ” on page 2 - 7 for f urther informati on. Display the numbers 6 . Display the table of v alues f or θ and R1. Th e N u me ric view options [...]

Sequence aplet 6-1 6 Sequence aplet About the Sequence aplet The Sequence aplet allows you to e xplore sequences. You can define a sequence named, for example, U1: • in terms of n • in terms of U1 ( n –1) •i n ter ms o f U1 ( n –2) • in terms o f another sequence , f or ex ample , U2 ( n ) • in an y combinati on of the abo v e . The S[...]

6-2 Sequence aplet Define the expression 2 . Def ine the Fibonacc i sequence , in whi ch eac h ter m (after the fir st tw o) is the sum of the pr eceding tw o terms: , , for . In the S y mbolic v i e w of the Seq uence aplet , hi ghlight the U 1 (1) field and begin def ining y our sequence . 1 1 Note: Y ou can use the , , , , and menu ke y s to ass[...]

Sequence aplet 6-3 Select Cobweb Display the table 6. Display the table of values f or this ex ample .[...]

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Solve aplet 7-1 7 Solv e aplet About the Solve aplet The Solve aplet solves an equation or an expression for its unknown variable . You define an equation or expression in the symbolic view, then supply values for all the variables except one in the numeric view. Solve works only with real numbers. Note the differences between an equation and an ex[...]

7-2 Sol ve aplet should be solved using matrices or graphs in the Function aplet. Getting started with the Solve aplet Suppose you want to find th e acceleration needed to increase the speed of a car from 1 6.67 m/sec (60 kph) to 27.78 m/sec (100 kp h) in a distance of 100 m. The equation to solve is: Open the Solve aplet 1. Open the Solve aplet . [...]

Solve aplet 7-3 4. Enter the values f or the kno wn v ar iable s. 2 7 7 8 1 6 6 7 1 0 0 HINT If the Decimal Mark setting in the Modes input form ( MODES ) is set to Comma, use instead of . Solve the unknown variable 5. Solv e f or the unkno w n var ia ble ( A ). Ther e for e , the acce ler ation needed to inc r ease the speed of a car fr om 16 .6 7[...]

7-4 Sol ve aplet 6. Plot the eq uation f or v ar iable A . Sele ct Auto Scale 7 . T race along the graph repr e senting the left side o f the equati on until the c urso r nears the inter secti on . 20 times Note the v alue of A displa y ed near the bottom left corner of the scr een . The P lot v ie w pr o v ides a con v enien t wa y to f ind an app[...]

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7-6 Sol ve aplet Interpreting results After Solve has returned a solution, press in the Numeric view for more information. You will see one of the following three messages. Press to clear the message. Messag e Condition Zero The Solve aplet found a point where the value of the equation (or the root of the expression) is zero within the calculator?[...]

Solve aplet 7-7 If Solve could not find a solution, you will see one of the following two messages. HINT It is important to check the information relating to the solve process. For example, the solution that the Solve aplet finds is not a solution, but the closest that the function gets to zero. Only by checking the i nformation will you know that [...]

7-8 Sol ve aplet where X is distance, V 0 is initial velocity, T is time, and A is acceleration. This is actually two equations, Y = X and Y = V 0 T + (AT 2 ) / 2 . Since this equation is quadratic for T , there can be both a positive and a negative solution. However, we are concerned only with positive so lutions, since only positive distance make[...]

Solve aplet 7-9 5. Move the cursor near the positive (r ight-side) intersection. This cursor value will be an initial guess for T . Pres s until the c ursor is at the intersec tion. The t wo po in t s o f inters ecti on sho w that ther e ar e two so lution s for this eq uation . Ho w ev er , on ly p os i tive va lu es fo r X make se nse , so w e wa[...]

7-10 Solve apl et Using variables in equations You can use any of the real variable names , A to Z and θ . Do not use variable nam es defined for other type s, such as M 1 (a matrix variable). Home variables All home variables (other than t hose for aplet settings, like Xmin and Ytick ) are global , which means they are shared throughout the diffe[...]

Statistics aplet 8-1 8 Statist ic s ap let About the Statistics aplet The Statistics aplet can store up to ten data sets at one time. It can perform one- variable or two-vari able statistical analysis of one or more sets of data. The Statistics aplet starts with the Numeric view which is used to enter data. The Symbol ic view is used to specify whi[...]

8-2 Statistics aplet Open the Statistics aplet 1. Open the Statisti cs aplet and c lear e x isting data b y pres sing . Select Statistics Th e St a ti s ti cs ap l et starts in the Numer ical view . At an y time the St atistics aplet is confi gur ed for o nly one of t wo types of stat istical explorations: one - var iable ( ) or two- v ari able ( )[...]

Statistics aplet 8-3 Choose fit and data columns 4. Select a fit in the S y mboli c setup v ie w . SETUP - SYMB Select Linear Y o u c a n c rea t e up t o five ex p lo ra t io n s of t wo - va ri ab l e data, named S1 to S5 . I n t h i s exa m p le, we wi ll cre a t e just o ne : S1 . 5 . Spec ify the columns that hold the data y ou w ant t o analy[...]

8-4 Statistics aplet Setup plot 8. Change the plotting range to e nsur e all the data points ar e plotted (and select a differ ent po int mark , if yo u wi s h ) . SETUP - PLOT 7 100 400 0 Plot the graph 9 . P lot the gr aph . Draw the regression curve 10. Dra w the r egr essi on c urve (a c urve to fit the dat a points). This dr a ws the r egr ess[...]

Statistics aplet 8-5 Predict values 13 . T o find the pr edi ct ed sales f ig ur e if adv ertising w er e to go up to 6 minute s: S ( to highligh t Stat-Two ) (to highli ght PREDY ) 6 14. Retur n to the P lot v ie w . 15 . Jump to the indi cated po int on the r egr essi on line . 6 Observe the pr edi cted y -value in the left bottom corner of the s[...]

8-6 Statistics aplet Entering and editing statistical data The Numeric view ( ) is used to enter data into the Statistics aplet. Each column represents a variable named C0 to C9 . After entering the data, you must define the data set in the Symbolic view ( ). HINT A data column must have at least four data points to provide valid two-v ariable stat[...]

Statistics aplet 8-7 Example You are measurin g the height of students in a classroom to find the mean height. The first five students have the following measurements 160cm, 165cm, 170c m, 175cm, 180cm. 1. Open the Statistics aplet. Select Statistics 2 . Enter the measurement data. 160 16 5 17 0 17 5 180 Deletes the currently highlighted value. CLE[...]

8-8 Statistics aplet 3 . Find the mean of the sample. Ensur e the / menu k ey label reads . Pr es s to see the statistic s calculated fr om the sample data in C1 . Note that the title o f the colu mn of stat isti cs is H1 . Ther e ar e 5 data set de finiti ons a vailable for one- var iable stat is tics: H1–H5 . If data is entered in C1 , H1 i s a[...]

Statistics aplet 8-9 To continue our example, supp ose that the heights of the rest of the students in the class are measured, but each one is rounded to the nearest of the five values first recorded. Instead of entering all the new data in C1 , we shall simply add another column, C2 , that holds the frequencies of our five data points in C1 . Disp[...]

8-10 Statistics aplet 5 . Move the hi ghlight bar into the r ight column o f the H1 def inition and replace the frequency value o f 1 w ith the name C2 . 2 6 . Return to the n umer ic v ie w . 7 . Ente r the fr equenc y data sho w n in the abo v e table . 5 3 8 2 1 8. Display the comput ed stat ist ics. The mean height is approximately 167.63cm. 9 [...]

Statistics aplet 8-11 Edit a data set In the Numeric view of the Statistics aplet, highlight the data value to change. Type a new va lue and press , or press to copy the value to the edit line for modification. Press after modifyi ng the value on the edit line. Delete data • T o delete a single data item, highli ght it and pr ess . The v alues be[...]

8-12 Statistics aplet Defining a regression model The Symbolic view includes an expression (Fit1 through Fit5) that defines the regression model, or “fit”, to use for the regression analysis of each two-variable data set. There are three ways to select a regression model: • Accept the d efault option to fit the data to a str aight line. • S[...]

Statistics aplet 8-13 To define your own fit 1. In Numeric v ie w , mak e sur e is set . 2 . Display the S ymbolic v ie w . 3 . Highlight the F it expr essi on ( Fit1 , etc.) f or the desired data set . 4. T ype in an e xpr ess ion and pr ess . The independent variable must be X , and the expr ession mus t not contain an y unkno w n var ia bles. Ex[...]

8-14 Statistics aplet When the data set contains an odd number of values, the data set’s median value is no t used when calculating Q1 and Q3 in the table above. For example, for th e following data set: { 3,5,7,8,15,16,17 } only the first three items, 3, 5, and 7 are used to calculate Q1, and only the last three terms, 15, 16, and 17 are used to[...]

Statistics aplet 8-15 Plotting You c an plot: • histogr ams ( ) • box -a nd-whisk er plots ( ) • scat ter p lots ( ) . Once you have entere d your data ( ), defined your data set ( ), and defined your Fit mode l for two- variable statistics ( SETUP - SYMB ), you can plot your data. You can plot up to fiv e scatter or box-and-whisker plots at [...]

8-16 Statistics aplet 3 . F or an y plot , but espec iall y fo r a histogr am, adj ust the plottin g scale and range in the P lot Setup vie w . If you find histogr am bars too fat or too thin , you can adj ust them b y adju sting the HWIDTH setti ng. 4. Press . If y ou hav e no t adjus ted the P lot Setup y ourself , you can try sel ect Auto Scale [...]

Statistics aplet 8-17 To connect the data points as they are plotted, checkmark CONNECT in the second page of the Plot Setup. This is not a regression curve. Fitting a curve to 2VAR data In the Plot view, press . This draws a curve to fit the checked two-variable data set(s). See “To choose the fit” on page 8-12. The e xpr ession in Fit2 sho w [...]

8-18 Statistics aplet HINT In order to access the CORR and RE LERR variables after you plot a set of statistics, you must press to access the numeric view and then to display the correlation values. The values are stored in the variables when you access the Symbolic view. Setting up the plot (Plot setup view) The Plot Setup view ( SETUP - PLOT ) se[...]

Statistics aplet 8-19 • The co rr ec t or menu labe l on (Numer ic view ) . • The cor r ect f it (r egre ssi on model) , if the data set is tw o -v ar i able . • Only the data sets to compute or plot are chec kmark ed (S ymbolic v ie w). • The cor r ect plo tting range . T r y using Auto Scale (instead of ), or adjust the plotting para mete[...]

8-20 Statistics aplet Calculating predicted values The functions PREDX and PREDY estimate (predict) value s for X or Y given a hypothetical value for the other. The estimation is made based on the curve that has been calculated to fit the data a ccording to the specified fit. Find predicted values 1. In Plot v ie w , dr aw the r egr ess ion c urve [...]

Statistics aplet 8-21 You can type PREDX and PREDY into the edit line, or you can copy these function names from the MATH menu under the Stat-Two category. HINT In cases where more than one fit curve is displayed, the PRED Y function uses the most recently calculated curve. In order to avoid errors with th is function, uncheck all fits except the o[...]

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Inference aplet 9-1 9 Inference aplet About the Inference aplet The Inference capabilities include calculation of confidence intervals and hy pothesis tests based on the Normal Z-distribution or Student’s t-distribution. Based on the statistics from one or two sample s, you can test hypotheses and find confidence intervals for the following quant[...]

9-2 Inferenc e aplet Inference aplet’s SYMB view keys The table below summarizes the options available in Symbolic view. If you choose one of the hypoth esis tests, you can choose the alternative hypothesis to test against the null hypothesis. For each test, th ere are three possible choices for an alternative hypothesis based on a quantitative c[...]

Inference aplet 9-3 Select the inferential method 2. Select the Hypothesis Test infer ential method. Select HYPOTH TEST 3. Define the type of test. Z–Test: 1 µ 4. Select an alternative hypothesis. µ< µ0 Enter data 5. Enter the sample statistics and population parameters. setup-NUM The table below lists the fields in this view for our curren[...]

9-4 Inferenc e aplet By default, each field already contains a value. These values constitute the ex ample database and are explained i n the feature of this aplet. Display on-line help 6. To display the on-line help, press 7. To close the on-line help, press . Display test results in numeric format 8. Display the test results in numeric format. Th[...]

Inference aplet 9-5 A calculator produces the following 6 random numbers: 0.529, 0.295, 0.952, 0.2 59, 0.925, and 0.592 Open the Statistics aplet 1. Open the Statistics aplet and reset the current settings. Select Statistics The Statistics aplet opens in the Numeric view. Enter data 2. In the C1 column, enter the random number s produced by the cal[...]

9-6 Inferenc e aplet Open Inference aplet 6. Open the Infere nce aplet and cle ar current setti ngs. Select Inference Select inference method and type 7. Select an inference method. Select CONF INTERVAL 8. Select a distribution statistic type. Select T-Int: 1 µ Set up the interval calculation 9. Set up the interval calculation. Note: The default v[...]

Inference aplet 9-7 Import the data 10. Import the data from the Statistics aplet. Note: The data from C1 is displayed by default. Note: Press to see the statistics before importing them into the Numeric Setup view. Also, if there is more than one aplet b ased on the Statistics aplet, you are prompted to choose one. 11. Specify a 90% confidence int[...]

9-8 Inferenc e aplet Hypothesis tests You use hypothesis tests to test the validity of hypotheses that relate to the statistical parameters of one or two populations. The tests are base d on statistics of samples of the populations. The hp 39g+ hypothesis tests use the Normal Z-distribution or Student’s t-distribution to calculate probabilities. [...]

Inference aplet 9-9 Results The results are: Two-Sample Z-Test Menu name Z-Test: µ 1– µ 2 On the basis of two samples, each from a separate population, this test measures t he strength of the evidence for a selected hypothesis against the null hypothesis. The null hypothesis is that the mean of the two populations are equal (H 0 : µ 1= µ 2). [...]

9-10 Inference apl et Results The results are: One-Proportion Z-Test Menu name Z-Test: 1π On the basis of statistics from a single sample, this test measures the strength of the evidence for a selected hypothesis against the null hypothesis. The null hypothesis is that the proportion of su ccesses in the two populations is equal: H 0 : π = π 0 Y[...]

Inference aplet 9-11 Inputs The inputs are: Results The results are: Two-Proportion Z-Test Menu name Z-Test: π 1 – π 2 On the basis of statistics from two samples, each from a different population, the Two-Proportion Z-Test measures the strengt h of the evide nce for a selected hypothesis against the null hypothesis. The null hypothesis is that[...]

9-12 Inference apl et Inputs The inputs are: Results The results are: One-Sample T-Test Menu name T-Test: 1 µ The One-sample T-Test is used when the population standard deviation is not know n. On the basis of statistics from a single sample, this test measures the strength of the evidence for a selected hypothesis agains t the null hypothesis. Th[...]

Inference aplet 9-13 Inputs The inputs are: Results The results are: Field name Definiti on Sample mean. Sx Sample standard de viation. n Sample size. µ0 Hypothetical population mean. α Significance level. x Result Description Test T T-Test statistic. Prob Probability associated with the T-Test statistic. Critical T Boundary value of T associated[...]

9-14 Inference apl et Two-Sample T-Test Menu name T-Test: µ 1 – µ 2 The Two-sample T-Test is used when the population standard deviation is not know n. On the basis of statistics from two samples, each sample from a different population, this test measures the strength of the evidence for a selected hypothesis against the null hypothesis. The n[...]

Inference aplet 9-15 Results The results are: Confidence intervals The confide nce interval calc ul ations that the hp 39g+ can perform are based on the Normal Z-distribution or Student’s t-distribution. One-Sample Z-Interval Menu name Z-INT: µ 1 This option uses the Normal Z-distribution to calculate a confidence interval for m, the true mean o[...]

9-16 Inference apl et Results The results are: Two-Sample Z-Interval Menu name Z-INT: µ1 – µ2 This option uses the Normal Z- distribution to calculate a confidence interval for the difference between the means of two populations, µ 1 – µ 2 , when the population standard deviations, σ 1 and σ 2 , are known. Inputs The inputs are: Results T[...]

Inference aplet 9-17 One-Proportion Z-Interval Menu name Z-INT: 1 π This option uses the Normal Z-distribution to calculate a confidence interval for the proportion of successes in a population for the case in which a sample of size, n , has a number of successes, x . Inputs The inputs are: Results The results are: Two-Proportion Z-Interval Menu n[...]

9-18 Inference apl et Results The results are: One-Sample T-Interval Menu name T-INT: 1 µ This option uses the Student’s t-distribution to calculate a confidence interval for m, the true mean o f a population, for the case in which the true population standard deviation, s, is unknown. Inputs The inputs are: n1 Sampl e 1 size. n2 Sampl e 2 size.[...]

Inference aplet 9-19 Results The results are: Two-Sample T-Interval Menu name T-INT: µ 1 – µ 2 This option uses the Student’s t-distribution to calculate a confidence interval for the difference between the means of two populations, µ 1 – µ 2, when the population standard deviations, s1and s2 , are unknown. Inputs The inputs are: Result D[...]

9-20 Inference apl et Results The results are: Result Description Critical T Critical value for T. µ Min Lower bound for µ 1 – µ 2 . µ Max Upper bound for µ 1 – µ 2 . ∆ ∆[...]

Using the Finance Solve r 10-1 10 Using the Finance Solver The Finance Solver, or Finance aplet , is available by using the APLET key in your calculator. Use the up and down arrow keys to select the Finance aplet. Your screen should look as follows: Press the key or the soft menu key to activate the aplet. The resulting screen shows the different e[...]

10-2 Using the Finance Solv er Financial calculations involving compound interest include savings accounts, mo rtgages, pension funds, leases, and annuities. Time Value of Money (TVM) calculations, as the name implies, make use of the notion that a dollar today will be worth more than a dollar someti me in the future. A dollar today can be invested[...]

Using the Finance Solve r 10-3 modes: Begin mode and End mode. The following cash flow diagram shows lease payments at the beginning of each period. The following cash flow diagram shows deposits into an account at the end of each period. As these cash-flow diagrams imply, there are five TVM variables: PV 1 23 4 5 FV Capitalized value o f lease } P[...]

10-4 Using the Finance Solv er Performing TVM calculations 1. Launch the F inanc ial Solv er as indicat ed at the beginning of this secti on . 2 . Use the arr o w k e y s to hi ghlight the diff er e nt fi elds and enter the kno wn v ar iables in the TVM calculati ons, pres sing the soft-menu ke y after ent ering eac h kno wn v alue . Be sur e that [...]

Using the Finance Solve r 10-5 Example 1 - Loan calculations Suppose you finance the purcha se of a car with a 5-year loan at 5.5% annual interest, compounded monthly. The purchase price of the car is $19 ,500, and the down payment is $3,000. What are the required monthly p a y m e n t s ? W h a t i s t h e l a r g e s t l o a n y o u c a n a f f o[...]

10-6 Using the Finance Solv er Example 2 - Mortgage with balloon payment Suppose you have taken out a 30-year, $ 150,000 house mortgage at 6.5% annual interest. You expect to sell the house in 10 years, repay ing the loan in a balloon payment. Find the size of the balloon payment -- the value of the mortgage after 10 years of payment. Solution. The[...]

Using the Finance Solve r 10-7 Calculating Amortizations Amortization calculations, which also use the TVM variables, determine the amounts applied towards principal and interest in a payment or series of payments. To calculate amortizations: 1. Start the F inance Sol v er as indicat ed at the beginning of t hi s sec tion. 2 . Se t the follo w ing [...]

10-8 Using the Finance Solv er 3 . Press the soft men u ke y to amorti z e the ne w batch of pa y ments. R epeat steps 1 thr ough 3 as often as needed. Example 4 - Amortization for home mortgage For the results of Example 3, show the amortization of the next 10 years of the mortgage loan. First, press the soft menu key. Then, keeping 120 in the PAY[...]

Using mathematical fun ctions 11-1 11 Using mathematical func tions Math functions The hp 39g+ contains many math functions. The functions are grouped in categories. For example, the Matrix category contains functions for manipulating matrices. The Probability category (shown as Prob. on the MATH menu) contains functions for working with pro babili[...]

11-2 Using mathem atical functions 2 . T he list of f uncti ons (on the r ight) appli es to the c urr entl y highli ghted catego ry (on the left) . Use and to sw itch between the category list and th e functi on list . 3 . Highlight the name of the f uncti on y ou w ant and pres s . This copies the fu nctio n name (and an initial parenthesis , if a[...]

Using mathematical fun ctions 11-3 Keyboard functions The most frequently used functions are available directly from the keyboard. Many of the keyboard functions also accept complex numbers as arguments. ,, , Add, Subtract, Multiply, Di vide. Also acc epts complex numbers, lists and matrices. val u e1 + va lu e 2 , etc . e x Natural exponential. Al[...]

11-4 Using mathem atical functions 10 x Exponential (antilogarithm). Also accepts complex numbers. 10^ val u e Example 10^3 r etur ns 1000 Common logarithm. Also accepts complex numbers. LOG ( val ue ) Example LOG(100) r etur ns 2 ,, Sine, cosine, tangent. Inputs and outputs depend on the current angle format (Degrees, Radians, or Grads). SIN ( val[...]

Using mathematical fun ctions 11-5 ATAN Arc tangent: tan –1 x . Output range is from –90° to 90°, 2 π /2 to π /2, or –100 to 100 grad s. Inputs and outputs depend on the current an gle format. Also accepts complex numbers. ATAN ( valu e ) Example ATAN(1) ret u rn s 45 (Degrees mode). Square. Also accept s complex numbers. va lu e 2 Exampl[...]

11-6 Using mathem atical functions Takes the n th root of x . roo t NTHROOT val ue Example 3 NTHROOT 8 r etur ns 2 Calculus functions The symbols for differentiation and integration are available directly form the keyboard— and S respectively—as well as from the MATH menu. Differentiates expres sion with respect to the vari able of differentiat[...]

Using mathematical fun ctions 11-7 TAYLOR Calculates the n th order Taylor polynomial of expression at the point where the given variable = 0. TAYLOR ( expr essi on, v ar iable , n ) Example TAYLOR(1 + sin(s1) 2 ,s1,5) w ith Radians angle measur e and F r acti on number f or mat (set in MODE S) r e turns 1+s1^2-1/3*s1^4 . Complex number functions T[...]

11-8 Using mathem atical functions Constants The hp 39g+ has an internal numeric representati on for these constants. e Natural logarithm base. Internally represented as 2.71828182846. e i Imaginary value for , the complex number (0,1). i MAXREAL Maximum real number. Internal ly represented as 9.99999999999 x 10 499 . MAXREAL MINREAL Minimum real n[...]

Using mathematical fun ctions 11-9 TANH H yperbolic tangent. TANH ( valu e ) ALOG Antilogarithm (exponential). Th is is more accurate than 10^x due to limitations of the power function. ALOG ( valu e ) EXP Natural exponential. This is more accurate than due to limitations of the power function. EXP ( val ue ) EXPM1 Exponent minus 1 : . This is more[...]

11-10 Using mathematical functions RECURSE Provides a method of defini ng a sequence without using the Symbolic view of the Seque nce aplet. If used with | (“where”), RECURSE will step through the evaluation. RECURSE( sequencename , term n , term 1 , term 2 ) Example RECURSE(U,U(N-1)*N,1,2) U1(N) Stor e s a fac tori al-calculating f uncti on na[...]

Using mathematical fun ctions 11-11 POLYEVAL Polynomial evaluati on. Evaluates a polynomial with the specified coefficients for the value of x . POLYEVAL([ coeff ic ien ts ] , va l ue ) Example Fo r x 4 +2x 3 –25x 2 –26x+120 : POLYEVAL([1,2,-25,-26,120],8) ret u rn s 3432 . POLYFORM Polynomial form. Creates a polyno mial in variable1 from expre[...]

11-12 Using mathematical functions Probability functions COMB Number of combinations (without regard to order) of n things taken r at a time: n!/(r!(n-r)) . COMB (n, r) Example COMB(5,2) r etur ns 10 . T hat is, ther e are t en differ ent w ay s that f i ve things can be comb ined two at a time .! Factorial of a positive integer. For non-integers, [...]

Using mathematical fun ctions 11-13 UTPF Upper-Tail Snedecor’s F Probability given numerator degrees of freedom and denominator degrees of fre edom (of the F distribution), evaluated at value . Returns the probability that a Snedecor 's F random variable is greater than value. UTPF ( numerator , denominato r , val ue ) UTPN Upper-Tail Normal[...]

11-14 Using mathematical functions FNROOT Function root-finder (like the Solve aplet). Finds the value for the given variable at which expression most nearly evaluates to zero. Uses guess as initial estimate. FNROOT ( e xpres sion , v ari able , gues s ) Example FNROOT(M*9.8/600-1,M,1) r etur ns 61.2244897959 . FRAC Fractional part. FRAC ( val ue )[...]

Using mathematical fun ctions 11-15 MAX Maximum. The greater of two values. MAX ( val ue 1 , val ue 2 ) Example MAX(210,25) r etur ns 210 MIN Minimum. The lesser of two values. MIN ( val ue 1 , val ue 2 ) Example MIN(210,25) ret u rn s 25 MOD Modulo. The remainder of value1 / value2 . val u e1 MOD va l ue 2 Example 9 MOD 4 r etur ns 1 % x percent o[...]

11-16 Using mathematical functions ROUND Rounds value to decimal places . Accepts complex numbers. ROUND ( valu e , places ) Round can also round to a number of significant digits as showed in example 2. Examples ROUND(7.8676,2) r etur ns 7.68 ROUND (0.0036757,-3) r etur ns 0.00368 SIGN Sign of value . If positive, the result is 1. If negative, –[...]

Using mathematical fun ctions 11-17 Symbolic functions The symbolic functions are used for symbolic manipulations of expression s. The variables can be formal or numeric, but the re sult is usually in symbolic form (not a number). You will find the symbo ls for the symbolic functions = and | ( where ) in the CHARS menu ( CHARS ) as well as the MATH[...]

11-18 Using mathematical functions QUOTE Encloses an expression that should not be evaluated numerically. QUOTE( exp re ss io n ) Examples QUOTE(SIN(45)) F1(X) stor es the expr essi on SIN( 4 5) r ather than the value of SIN(4 5 ). Another method is to enclos e the expr essi on in single quotes. Fo r ex a m p l e, X^3+2*X F1(X) puts the expr essi o[...]

Using mathematical fun ctions 11-19 ≥ Greater than or equal to. Returns 1 if true, 0 if false. val u e1 ≥ va l ue 2 AND Comp ares value1 and value2 . Returns 1 if they are both non-zero, otherwise returns 0. val u e1 AND va l ue 2 IFTE If expression is true, do the trueclause ; if not, do the falseclause. IFTE( expr essi on , tr uecla use , fal[...]

11-20 Using mathematical functions SEC Sec ant: 1/cos x . SEC ( val ue ) Symbolic calculations The hp 39g+ has the ability to perform symbolic calculations, for example, symbolic integration and differentiation. You can perform symbolic calculations in HOME and in the Function aplet. In HOME When you perform calculations that con tain normal variab[...]

Using mathematical fun ctions 11-21 Symbolic calculations in the Function aplet You can perform symbolic operations in the Functi on aplet’s Symbolic view. For example, to find the derivative of a function in the Functi on aplet’s Symbolic view, you define two functions and define the second function as a derivative of the first function. You t[...]

11-22 Using mathematical functions 3 . Show the r esult . To find derivatives in the Function aplet’s Symbolic view To find the derivative of the fu nction in the Function aplet’s Symbolic view, you define two functions and define the second function as a der ivati ve of the first function. For example, to differentiate : 1. Access the F uncti [...]

Using mathematical fun ctions 11-23 To find the indefinite integral using formal variables F or ex ample , to find the ind efinite integral of use: 1. Enter the functi on. 0 S1 3 X 5 X 2 . Sho w the re sult f ormat . 3 . Press to close the sho w w i ndo w . 4. Copy the result and eval u a te. Thu s, substituting X for S1, it can be seen th at: This[...]

11-24 Using mathematical functions The ‘extra’ constant of 6.4 results from the substitution of into ( x –2 ) 5 /5 , and should be disregarded if an indefinite integral is required. x 0 =[...]

Variables and me mory management 12-1 12 V ariables and memory manag ement Introduction The hp 39g+ has approximately 232K of user memo ry. The calculator uses this memory to store variables, perform computations, and store history. A v a r i a b l e i s a n o b j e c t t h a t y o u c r e a t e i n m e m o r y t o h o l d data. The hp 39g+ has two[...]

12-2 Variables and memory managem ent Storing and recalling variables You can store numbers or expressions from a pr evious input or result into variables. Numeric Precision A number stored in a variable is always stored as a 12- digit mantissa with a 3-digit exponent. Numeric precisio n in the display, however, de pends on the display mode (Standa[...]

Variables and me mory management 12-3 5 . Enter a name for the v ar iable . A 6. P re ss to stor e the r esu lt . The results of a calculation can also be stored directly to a variable. For example: 2 5 3 B To recall a value To recall a variable’s value, type the name of the variable and press . A To use variables in calculations You can use vari[...]

12-4 Variables and memory managem ent The VARS menu You use the VARS menu to access all variables in the calculator. The VARS menu is organised by category. For each variable category in the left column, there is a list of variables in the right colu mn. You select a variable category and then select a variable in the category. 1. Open the V AR S m[...]

Variables and me mory management 12-5 5 . Choose w hether to place the v ari able name or the var ia ble va lue on the command line . – Press to indicate that you w ant the var ia ble’s co ntents to appear on the command line. – Press to indicate that yo u wan t the var ia ble’s name t o appear on the command line . 6 . Press to place the v[...]

12-6 Variables and memory managem ent 4. Enter data for L2 . 55 48 86 90 77 5. P re s s to access HO ME . 6 . Open the varia ble menu and se lect L1. 7 . Cop y it to the command line . Note: Because the option is highli ghted , the v ari able ’s name , rather than its conten ts, is copi ed to the command line . 8. Insert the + operator and se lec[...]

Variables and me mory management 12-7 Home variables It is not possible to store data of one type in a variable of another type. For example, yo u use the Matrix catalog to create matrices. You can crea te up to ten matrices, and you can store these in variables M0 to M9. You cannot store matric es in variab les other than M0 to M9. Cate- gory A v [...]

12-8 Variables and memory managem ent Aplet variables Aplet variables store values that are unique to a particular aplet. These include symbolic expres sions and equations (see below), settings for the Plot and Numeric views, and the results of some calculations such as roots and intersections. See the Reference Information chapter for more informa[...]

Variables and me mory management 12-9 6 . T o cop y the value o f the var i able int o the edit line , pr ess and pres s . Memory Manager You can use the Memory Manager to determine the amount of available memory on the calculator. You can also use Memory Manager to organize memory. For example, if the available memory is low, you can use the Memor[...]

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Matrices 13-1 13 M atrices Introduction You can perform matrix calc ulations i n HOME and in programs. The matrix and each row of a matrix appear in brackets, and the elements and rows are separated by commas. For example, the following matrix: is displayed in the history as: [[1,2,3],[4,5,6]] (If the Decimal Mark mode is set to Comma , then separa[...]

13-2 Matr ices Creating and storing matrices You can create, edit, delete, send, and receive matrices in the Matrix catalog. To open the Matrix catalog, press MATRIX . You can also create and store matrices—named or unnamed—-in HOME. For example, the command: POLYROOT([1,0,–1,0]) X M1 stores the root of the complex vector of length 3 into the[...]

Matrices 13-3 To create a matrix in the Matrix Catalog 1. Press MATRIX to open the Matri x Catalog. T he Matri x cat alog lists the 10 a vailable matr ix var iables , M0 to M9 . 2 . Hi ghlight the matr i x v ar iable name y ou want to use and pres s . 3 . Select the type o f matri x to cr eate. – For a vector (one -dimensio nal array) , select Re[...]

13-4 Matr ices A matrix is listed with two dimensions, even if it is 3×1. A vector is listed with the number of elements, such as 3. To transmit a matrix You can send matrices between calculators just as you can send aplets, programs, lists, and notes. 1. Align the hp 39g+ calc ulator s ’ infr ar ed ports . 2 . Open the Matr i x catalogs on both[...]

Matrices 13-5 To display a matrix • In the Matri x catalog ( MATRIX ), highlight the matri x name and pr ess . • In HOME , enter the name of the matr ix v ar iab le and pres s . To display one element In HOME, enter matrixname ( row,column ). For example, if M2 is [[3,4],[5,6]] , then M2(1,2) returns 4 . To create a matrix in HOME 1. Enter the [...]

13-6 Matr ices To store one element In HOME, enter, value matrixname ( row, column ). For example, to change the element in the first row and second column of M5 to 728, then display the resulting matrix: 728 M 512 M5 . An attempt to store an element to a row or column beyond the size of the matrix results in an error message. Matrix arithmetic You[...]

Matrices 13-7 3 . Add the matri ces that you c re a t e d. M1 M2 To multiply and divide by a scalar For division by a scalar, enter the matrix first, then the operator, then the scalar. For multiplication, the order of the operands does not matter. The matrix and the sc alar can be real or complex. For example, to divide the result of the previous [...]

13-8 Matr ices To divide the two matrices M1 and M2 that you created for the previous example, press the following keys: M1 M2 To invert a matrix You can invert a square matrix in HOME by typing the matrix (or its variable name) and pressing x –1 . Or you can use the matrix INVERSE command. Enter INVERSE ( matrixna me ) in HOME and press . To neg[...]

Matrices 13-9 4. Create a ne w matri x . Select Real matrix 5 . Enter the equation coeffi c ients. 23 4 11 1 4 12 In this ex ample , the matrix yo u cr eat ed is listed as M2 . 6 . Return to HO ME and enter the calc ulati on to left-multipl y the constants v ec tor b y the in ve rse o f the coeff ic i ents matr i x . M2 x –1 M1 The result is a ve[...]

13-10 Matri ces • F unctio ns al wa y s pr oduce and displa y a r esult . T he y do not change an y stor ed var ia bles, suc h as a matri x vari ab l e. • F unctio ns hav e ar guments that ar e enclo sed in parenthes es and separ ated by comma s; for e x ample , CROSS ( vecto r 1 , vec to r2 ) . The matri x input can be either a matr i x var ia[...]

Matrices 13-11 DET Determinant of a square matrix . DET ( matri x ) DOT Dot Product of two arrays, matrix1 matrix2 . DOT ( matri x1, matri x2 ) EIGENVAL Displays the eigenvalue s in vector form for matrix . EIGENVAL ( matri x ) EIGENVV Eigenvectors and Eige nvalues for a square matrix . Displays a list of two arra ys. The first contains the eigenve[...]

13-12 Matri ces calculation for each element substitutes the current row number for I and the current column number for J. MAKEMAT ( ex p re ss io n , rows , columns ) Example MAKEMAT(0,3,3) r etur ns a 3×3 z er o matri x , [[0,0,0],[0,0,0],[0,0,0]] . QR QR Factorization. Factors an m × n matrix into three matrices: {[[ m × m orthogonal ]],[[ m [...]

Matrices 13-13 SVD Singular Value Decomp osition. Factors an m × n matrix into two matrices and a vector: {[[ m × m square orthogonal ]],[[ n × n square orthogonal ]], [ real ]}. SVD ( matri x ) SVL Singular Values. Returns a vector containing the singular values of matrix. SVL ( matri x ) TRACE Finds the trace of a square matrix. The trace is e[...]

13-14 Matri ces Reduced-Row Echelon Form The following set of equations can be written as the augmented matrix which can then stored as a real matrix in any matrix variable. M1 is used in this example. You can use the RREF function to change this to reduced row echelon form, storing it in any matrix variable. M2 is used in this example. The reduced[...]

Lists 14-1 14 L ists You can do list operations in HOME and in programs. A list consists of comma-separated real or complex numbers, expressions, or matr ices, all enclosed in braces. A list may, for example, contain a sequence of real numbers such as {1,2,3} . (If the Decimal Mark mode is set to Comma , then the separators are periods.) Lists repr[...]

14-2 Lists 3. E nter t he values you want i n th e l ist, pressi ng after each one. V alues can be r eal or comple x number s (or an expr ession). If you enter a calculati on , it is ev aluated and the re sult is inserted in the list . 4. When done, pr ess LIST to see the List catalog, or pres s to retur n to HOME . List catalog keys The list catal[...]

Lists 14-3 List edit keys When you press to create or change a list, the following keys are available to you: Create a list in HOME 1. Enter th e list on the edit line. Start and end the list w ith br aces (the shift ed and k e y s) and separate each element w ith a comma. 2. P r e s s to evaluate and displa y the list . Immediatel y after ty ping [...]

14-4 Lists Displaying and editing lists To display a list • In the List catalog , highli ght the list name and pr ess . • In HOME , enter the name of the lis t and pr ess . To display one element In HOME, enter listname ( element# ). For example, if L2 is {3,4,5,6}, then L2(2) returns 4 . To edit a list 1. Open the List catalog. LIST . 2. P r e[...]

Lists 14-5 To insert an element in a list 1. Open the List catalog. LIST . 2. P r e s s or to highligh t the name of the list y ou w ant to edit (L1, etc.) and pr e ss to displa y the list contents . New elements are inserted above the highlighted positio n. In this example, an element, with the value of 9, is inserted between the first and second [...]

14-6 Lists Deleting lists To delete a list In the List catalog, highli ght the list name and press . You are prompted to confirm that you want to delete the contents of the highlighted list variable. Press to delete the contents. To delete all lists In the List catalog, press CLEAR . Transmitting lists You can send lists to calculators or PCs just [...]

Lists 14-7 • If Dec imal Mark in Modes is set to C omma , use peri ods to separ ate ar guments . F or e x ample , CONCAT(L1.L2) . Common operators like +, –, ×, and / can take lists as arguments. If t here are two ar guments and both are lists, then the lists must have the same length, since the calculation pairs the elements . If there are tw[...]

14-8 Lists MAKELIST Calculates a sequence of elements for a new list. Evaluates expression with variable from begin to end values, taken at increment steps. MAKELIST( expression , va ria b le , begin , end , incr ement ) The MAKELIST function generates a series by automatically producing a list from the repeated evaluation of an expression. Example[...]

Lists 14-9 SIZE Calculates the number of elements i n a list. SIZE( list ) Also works with matrices. Σ LIST Calculates the sum of all elements in list. Σ LIST( list ) Example Σ LIST({2,3,4}) ret u rn s 9 . SORT Sorts elements in a scending order. SORT( list ) Finding statistical values for list elements T o f i n d v a l u e s s u c h a s t h e [...]

14-10 Lists 2 . In HOME , stor e L1 into C1. Y ou w ill then be able to see the list data in the Nu meri c v ie w of the S tatis tics aple t. L1 C1 3 . Start the Statisti cs aplet , and selec t 1-var ia ble mode (pre ss , if nece ssary , to display ) . Select Statistics Note: Y our list values are no w in column 1 (C1). 4. I n t he Sy mbol ic view [...]

Notes and sketches 15-1 15 Notes and sk etches Introduction The hp 39g+ has text and picture editors for entering notes and sk etches. • E ach aplet has its ow n independent Note vie w and Sk etch view . Note s and sk etc hes that y ou cr eate in these vi ew s are assoc i ated with the aplet. When you sav e the aplet , or send it to an other calc[...]

15-2 Notes and sketches Note edit keys Key Me a n i n g Space key for text entry. Displays next page o f a multi-page note. Alpha-lock for letter entry. Lower-case alpha-lock for letter entry. Backspaces cursor and deletes character. Deletes current character. Starts a new line. CLEAR Erases the entire note. Menu for entering variable names, and co[...]

Notes and sketches 15-3 Aplet sketch view You can attach pictures to an aplet in its Sketch view ( SKE TCH ). Y our wor k is automati cally s av ed w ith the aplet . Pr ess an y other v ie w k e y or to ex it the Sketc h vi ew Sketch keys To dra w a line 1. In an aplet, pr ess SKETCH for the Sk etch vi ew . 2 . In Sk etc h v ie w , pr ess and mo v [...]

15-4 Notes and sketches To draw a box 1. In Sk etch v i ew , press and mo v e the c ursor to wher e y ou want an y corner of the box to be . 2. P r e s s . 3 . Mov e the c urs or to mark the opposite corner fo r the bo x. Y ou can adju st the si z e of the bo x b y mo v ing the cu rs or. 4. Press to finish the bo x . To draw a circle 1. In Sketc h [...]

Notes and sketches 15-5 To label parts of a sketch 1. Press and type the te xt on the edit line . T o lock the Alpha shift on, pr ess (for upper cas e) or (fo r lo w er case). T o make the label a smaller c har ac ter si z e, turn o ff befor e pr essing . ( is a toggle betwee n small and lar ge fon t si z e). The smaller char ac ter si z e cannot d[...]

15-6 Notes and sketches To import a graphics variable You can copy the contents of a graphics v ariable into the Sketch view of an aplet. 1. Open the Sketch v ie w of the aplet ( SKETCH ). The gr aphic w ill be copi ed here . 2 . Pr ess , . 3 . Highlight Graphic , then pr ess and highligh t the name of the var i able ( G1 , etc.). 4. Press to recal[...]

Notes and sketches 15-7 4. W rite y our note . See “Note edit k e y s ” on page 15- 2 for mor e infor mation o n the entry and editing of notes. 5 . When yo u are finished, pr ess or an aplet key to e x it Notepad . Y our w or k is automati cally s av ed . Notepad Catalog keys Key M e a n i n g Opens the selected note for editing. Begins a new [...]

15-8 Notes and sketches To import a note You can impo rt a note from the Notepad into an aplet’s Note view, and vice versa. Suppose you wan t to copy a note named “Assignments” fr om the Notepad into the Function Note view: 1. In the Functi on aplet , displa y the Note v ie w ( NOTE ). 2 . Pr ess , highli ght Notepad in the le ft column, then[...]

Programming 16-1 16 Pr ogr amming Introduction This chapter describes how to program using the hp 39g+. In this chapter you’ll learn abo ut: • using the Pr ogr am catalog to cr eate and edit progr ams • progr amming commands • stor ing and r etr ie v ing v ari ables in pr ogr ams • progr amming v ar iables . HINT More information on progr[...]

16-2 Programming Example RUN GETVALUE: RUN CALCULATE: RUN " SHOW ANSWER " : This program is separated into three main tasks, each an individual program. Within each program, the task can be simple—or it can be di vided further into other programs that perform smaller tasks. Program catalog The Program catalog is wher e you create, edit,[...]

Programming 16-3 Program catalog keys The program catalog keys are: Key M e a n i n g Opens the highlighted program for editing. Prompts for a new program name, then opens an empty program. Transmits the highlighted program to another hp 39g+ or to a disk drive. Receives the highlighted program from another hp 39g+ or from a disk drive. Runs the hi[...]

16-4 Programming Creating and editing programs Create a new program 1. Pres s PROGRM to open the Progr am catalog . 2. P r e s s . The hp 3 9g+ prompts yo u fo r a n am e. A progr am name can cont ain spec ial c har acter s, such as a space . Ho we v er , if you use spec i al char act ers and then run the pr ogr am b y typ ing it in HOME , you mu s[...]

Programming 16-5 2 . On the le ft, u se or to highlight a command category , then pres s to access the commands in the category . Select the command that y ou want . 3 . Press to paste the command into the pr ogr am editor . Edit a program 1. Press PROGRM to open the Progr am catalog. 2 . Us e the arr ow k e y s to highligh t the pr ogr am y ou w a[...]

16-6 Programming Editing keys The editing keys are: Key M e a n i n g Inserts the character at the editing point. Inserts space into text. Displays previous page of the program. Displays next page of the program. Moves up or down one line. Moves right or left one character. Alpha-lock for letter entry. Press A...Z to lock lower case. Backspaces cur[...]

Programming 16-7 Using programs Run a program From HOME, type RUN program_name. or From the Program catalog, highlight the program you want to run and press Regardless of where you star t the program, all programs run in HOME. What you see will differ slightly depending on where you started the program. If you start the program from HOME, the hp 39[...]

16-8 Programming Copy a program You can use the following procedure if you want to make a copy of your work before edit ing—or if you want to use one program as a template for another. 1. Pres s PROGRM to open the Progr am catalog . 2. P r e s s . 3 . T ype a ne w f ile name, then c hoose . The Pr ogr am E ditor opens w ith a new progr am . 4. Pr[...]

Programming 16-9 Delete a program To delete a program: 1. Press PROGRM to open the Progr am catalog . 2 . H ighligh t a pr ogr am to delete , the n pr ess . Delete all programs You can delete all programs at once. 1. In the Progr am catalog , pr es s CLEAR . 2. P r e s s . Delete the contents of a program You can clear the contents of a program wit[...]

16-10 Programming 4. D ev elop a pr ogr am that uses the SE TVIEWS command to modify the aplet’s VIEW S menu . The menu options pr ovi de links to a ssoc iat ed pr ogr ams. Y ou can spec ify an y other pr ogr ams that y ou w ant transfer red w ith the aplet. See “SETVI EW S” on page 16 -14 for infor mation on the command . 5 . Ensure that the[...]

Programming 16-11 Save the aplet 1. Open the Func tion aplet and sa v e it as “EXP ERIMENT ” . The new a plet appear s in the Aplet library . Select Function EXP ERIMENT 2 . Cr eate a pr ogram called EXP .ME1 w ith contents as shown . This progr am conf igur es the plot ra nges, then runs a progr am that allo ws y ou to set the angle for mat . [...]

16-12 Programming 6 . Open the Progr am catalog and c r eate a pr ogr am named “EXP .S V” . Include the follow ing code in the progr am . E ach en try line after the command SETVIEW S is a tri o that consists of a VIEW S menu te xt line (a space indicates none), a progr am name , and a number that def ines the v ie w to go to after the progr am[...]

Programming 16-13 ’ ’ ’ ’ ;’ ’ EXP.ANG’ ’ ;0 ; The pr ogram EXP .ANG is a smal l ro utine that is called by other pr ogr ams that the aplet use s. T his entry spec if ies that the progr am EXP.ANG is transfer r ed when the aplet is tr ansf err ed , but the space in the fir st quot es ensur es that no e ntry appears on the menu . ’[...]

16-14 Programming Aplet commands CHECK Checks (selects) the correspon ding function in the current aplet. For example, Check 3 would check F3 if the current aplet is Function. Then a checkmark would app ear next to F3 in Symbolic view, F3 would be plotted in Plot view, and evaluated in Numeric view. CHECK n : SELECT Se lects the named aplet and ma [...]

Programming 16-15 options us e , or the pr ogr am that def ines the a plet’s VIEW S menu . • Y ou can incl ude a “Start ” option in the VIE W S menu to spec ify a progr am that y ou wa nt to run automati cally w hen the aplet starts. T his pr ogr am typically sets up the aplet’s initial configur ation. T he S T ART opti on on the menu is [...]

16-16 Programming ProgramName ProgramName is the name of the program that runs when the corresponding menu entry is selected. All programs that are identified in the aplet’s SETVIEW S command are transferred when the aplet is transmitted. ViewNumber V iewNumber is the number of a view to start after the program finishes running. For example, i f [...]

Programming 16-17 View numbers The Function aplet views are numbered as fo llows: UNCHECK Unchecks (unselects) the corresponding function in the current aplet. For example, Uncheck 3 would uncheck F3 if the current aplet is Function. UNCHECK n : Branch commands Branch commands let a program make a deci sion based on the result of one or more tests.[...]

16-18 Programming IF... THEN... ELSE... END Executes the true-clause sequence of commands if the test- clause is true, or the false-clause sequ ence of commands if the test-clause is false. IF test-clause THEN true-clause ELSE false-clause END Example 1 X A : IF A==1 THEN MSGBOX "A EQUALS 1" : ELSE MSGBOX "A IS NOT EQUAL TO 1" :[...]

Programming 16-19 RUN Runs the named program. If your program name contains special characters, such as a space, then you must enclose the file name in double quotes (" "). RUN " pr ogr am name " : or RUN pr ogra mname : STOP Stops the current program. STOP : Drawing commands The drawing commands act on the display. The scale of[...]

16-20 Programming ERASE Clears the display ERASE: FREEZE Halts the program, freezing the cu rrent display. Execution resumes when any key is pressed. LINE Draws a li ne from (x1, y1) to ( x2, y2 ) . LINE x1; y1; x2 ; y2: PIXOFF Turns off the pixel at the specified coordinates (x,y) . PIXOFF x;y : PIXON Turns on the pixel at the specified coordinate[...]

Programming 16-21 → DISPLAY Displays gr aphic from graphicname in the display. → DISPLAY gr aphicname : → GROB Creates a graphic from expression , using font_size , and stores the resulting graphic in graphicname . Font sizes are 1, 2, or 3. If the fontsize argument is 0, the hp 39g+ creates a graphic display li ke that created by the SHOW op[...]

16-22 Programming → PLOT Puts graph from graphi cname into the Plot view display. → PLOT graphi cname : REPLACE Replaces portion of graphic in graph icname1 with graphicname2 , s tarting at position . REPLACE also works for lists and matrices. REPLACE gr aphicname1 ; ( position ) ; graphi cname2 : SUB Extracts a portion of the named graphic (or[...]

Programming 16-23 WHILE… REPEAT… END While ... Repeat ... End is a loop command that repeatedly evaluates test-clause and executes loop-clause sequence if the test is true. Because the test-clause is executed before the loop-clause, the loop-clause i s not executed if the test is initially false. Its syntax is : WHILE test-clause REPEAT loop-cl[...]

16-24 Programming DELCOL Delete Column. Deletes the specif ied column from the specified matrix . DELCOL name ; c olumn_number : DELROW Delete Row. Deletes the specified row from the specified matrix. DELROW name ; row _ n u m b e r : EDITMAT Starts the Matrix Editor and displays the specified matrix. If used in programming, returns to the program [...]

Programming 16-25 SUB Extracts a sub-object— a portion of a list, matrix, or graphic from object —and stores it into name . start and end are each specified using a list with two numbers for a matrix, a number for vector or li sts, or an ordered pair, ( X,Y ), for graphic s. SUB name ; object ; sta r t ; end : SWAPCOL Swaps Columns. Exchanges c[...]

16-26 Programming CHOOSE Creates a choose box, which is a box containing a list of options from which the user choo ses one. Each option is numbered, 1 through n . The result of the choose command is to store the number of the option chosen in a variable. The syntax is CHOOSE def ault_option_n umber ; title ; option 1 ; option 2 ; ... option n : wh[...]

Programming 16-27 Examples 5.152000 X DATE( sets the date to May 15, 2000). 10.1500 X TIME (sets the time to 10:15 am). EDITMAT Matrix Editor. Opens the Matrix editor for the specified matrix. Returns to the program when user presses EDITMAT matri xname : The EDITMAT command can also be used to create matrices. 1. Press CMDS 2. P r e s s M 1, and t[...]

16-28 Programming Example INPUT R; "Circular Area"; "Radius"; "Enter Number";1: MSGBOX Displays a message box containing textitem. A text item consists of any number of expre ssions and quoted string s of text. The expressions are evaluated and turned into strings of text. For example, "AREA IS:" 2+ 2 becomes[...]

Programming 16-29 Stat-One commands DO1VSTATS Calculates S TATS us ing datasetname and stores the results in the corresp onding variables: N Σ , Tot Σ , Mean Σ , PVar Σ , SVar Σ , PSDev, SSDev, Min Σ , Q1, Median, Q 3, and Max Σ . Datasetname can be H1, H2, . .., or H5. Datasetname must include at least tw o data points. DO1VSTATS datasetnam[...]

16-30 Programming Storing and retrieving variables in programs The hp 39g+ has both Home variables and Aplet variables. Home va riables are used for real numbers, complex numbers, graphics, lists, and matrices. Home variables ke ep the same va lu es in HOME and in aplets. Aplet variables are those whose values depend on the current aplet. The aplet[...]

Programming 16-31 Coord Function Parametric Polar Sequence Solve Statistics Turns the coordinate-display mode in Plot view on or off. From Plot view, use the Menu mean key to toggle coordinate display on an off. In a program, type 1 X Coord —to turn coor dinate dis play o n (def ault). 0 X Coord —to turn coor dinate displa y off . Extremum Func[...]

16-32 Programming Hwidth Statistics Sets the width of histogram bars. From Plot Se tup in 1VAR stats set a value for Hwidth or In a program, type n X Hwidth Indep All Aplets Defines the value of the inde pendent variable used in tracing mode. In a program, type n X Indep InvCross All Aplets Toggles between solid crosshairs or inverted crosshairs. ([...]

Programming 16-33 Nmin / Nmax Sequence Defines the minimum and maxi mum independent variable values. Appears as the NRNG fields in the Plot Setup input form. From Plot Setup, enter values for NRNG . or In a program, type X Nmin X Nmax whe re Recenter All Aple ts Recenters at the crosshairs locations when zooming. From Plot-Zoom-Set Factors, check ([...]

16-34 Programming Simult Function Parametric Polar Sequence Enables you to choose between simultaneous and sequential graphing of all selected expressions. From Plot Setup, check (or uncheck) _ SIMULT or In a program, type 1 X Simult —for simu ltaneous gr aphing . 0 X Simult —for s equential gr aphing . Slope Function Contains the last value fo[...]

Programming 16-35 Tmin / Tmax Parametric Sets the minimum and maxi mum independent variable values. Appears as the TRNG field in the Plot Setup input form. From Plot Setup, enter values for TRNG . or In a pr ogr am , ty pe X Tmin X Tmax whe re Tracing All Aple ts Turns the tracing mode on or off in Plot vi ew. In a program, type 1 X Tracing —to t[...]

16-36 Programming Xtick All Aplets Sets the distance between ti ck marks for the horizontal axis. From the Plot Setup input form, enter a value for Xtick . or In a program, type n X Xtick whe re Ytick All Aplets Sets the distance between tick marks for the vertical axis. From the Plot Setup input form, enter a value for Ytick . or In a program, typ[...]

Programming 16-37 Xzoom All Aple ts Sets the horizontal zoom factor. From Plot-ZOOM-Set Factors, enter the value for XZOOM . or In a program, type n X XZOOM whe re Yzoom All Aple ts Sets the vertical zoom factor. From Plot-ZOOM-Set Factors, enter the value for YZOOM . or In a program, type n X YZOOM Symbolic-view variables Angle All Aple ts Sets th[...]

16-38 Programming R1...R9, R0 Polar Can contain any expression. Independent vari able is θ . Example '2*SIN(2* θ )' X R1( θ ) U1...U9, U0 Sequence Can contain any expression. Independent vari able is N. Example RECURSE (U,U(N-1)*N,1,2) X U1(N) E1...E9, E0 Solve Can contain any equation or expression. Independent variable is selected by[...]

Programming 16-39 Numeric-view variables The following aplet variabl es control the Numeric view. The value of the variable appl ies to the current aplet only. C1...C9, C0 Statistics C0 through C9 , for columns o f data. Can contain lists. Enter data in the Nu meric view or In a program, type LIST X C n whe re n = 0, 1, 2, 3 ... 9 Digits All Aple t[...]

16-40 Programming Except in the Solve aplet, the value of Format takes effect only after the current aplet is saved with a new name. Until then, HFormat is in effect. Example Scientific X Format or 3 X Format NumCol All Aplets except Statistics aplet Sets the column to be highlighted in Numeric view. In a program, type n X NumCol where n can be 0 ,[...]

Programming 16-41 NumStep Function Parametric Polar Sequence Sets the step size (increment value) for an independent varia ble in Num eric view . From Num Setup, enter a value for NUMSTEP . or In a program, type n X NumStep whe re NumType Function Parametric Polar Sequence Sets the table format. From Num Setup, choose Automatic or Build Your Own . [...]

16-42 Programming Note variables The following aplet variable is available in Note view. NoteText All Aplets Use NoteText to recall text previously entered in Note view. Sketch variables The following aplet vari ables are available in Sketc h view. Page All Aplets Sets a page in a sketch set. A sketch set can contain up to 10 graphics. The graphics[...]

Extending aplets 17-1 17 Extending aplets Aplets are the application environments where you explore different classes of m athematical operations. You can extend the capability of the hp 39g+ in th e following ways: • Creat e new a plets, based on e x isting a plets, w ith spec if ic conf i gur ations suc h as angle measur e , gra phical or tabul[...]

17-2 Ext endi ng aple ts 1. Open the Solve aplet and sav e it under the n e w name . Solve | T R I A N G L E S 2 . Ent er th e fo ur form u la s: θ O H θ A H θ OA AB C 3 . Decide w hether yo u w ant the aplet to oper ate in Degr ees , Radi ans, or Gr ads . MODES Degrees 4. Vie w the Aplet L ibr ary . The “ TRIANGLE S” aplet is listed in the [...]

Extending aplets 17-3 Using a customized aplet To use the “Triangles ” aplet, simply select the appropriate formula, change to the Numeric view and solve for the missing variable. Find the length of a ladder leaning against a vertical wall if it forms an angle of 35 o with the horizontal and extends 5 metres up the wall. 1. Select the aplet. TR[...]

17-4 Ext endi ng aple ts Annotating an aplet with notes The Note view ( NOTE ) attaches a note to the current aplet. See Chapter 15, “Notes and sketches”. Annotating an aplet with sketches The Sketch view ( SKET CH ) attaches a picture to the current aplet. See chapter 15, “Notes and sketches”. HINT Notes and sketches that you attach to an [...]

Extending aplets 17-5 To transmit an aplet 1. Connect the P C or aple t disk dr i ve t o the calc ulator b y cable or align the two calc ulator s ’ infr ar ed ports b y matching up the tr iangle mar ks on the r ims of the calc ulator s. P lace the calc ulators n o mor e than 2 inche s (5 cm) apar t. 2 . Se nding calc ulator : Open the L ibr ary ,[...]

17-6 Ext endi ng aple ts To sort the aplet list In the aplet library, press . Select the sorting scheme and press . • Chronologically pr oduces a chr onological order based on the date an a plet was last used . (The last- used aplet appe ars first , and so on.) • Alphabetically pr oduces an alphabetical order by a plet name . To delete an aplet[...]

Reference inform ation R-1 R Re fere nce infor mation Glossary aplet A small application, limited to one topic. The built-in aplet types are Function, Parametric, Polar, Sequence, Solve, and Statistics. An aplet can be filled with the data and solutions for a specific problem. It is reusable (like a program, but easier to use) and it records all yo[...]

R-2 Reference information list A set of values separated by commas (periods if the Decimal Mark mode is set to Comma ) and enclosed in braces. Lists are commonly used to enter statistical data and to evaluate a function with multiple values. Created and manipulated b y the List editor and catalog. matrix A two-dimensional ar ray of values separated[...]

Reference inform ation R-3 Resetting the hp 39g+ If the calculator “locks up” and seems to be stuc k, you must reset it. This is much like resetting a PC. It cancels certain operations, restores ce rtain conditions, and clears temporary memory locations. However, it does not clear stored data (variables, aplet datab ases, programs) unless you u[...]

R-4 Reference information If the calculator does not turn on If the hp 39g+ does not tu rn on follow the steps below until the calculator turns on. You may find that the calculator turns on before you have completed the procedure. If the calculator still does not turn on, please contact Customer Support for further information. 1. Press and hold th[...]

Reference inform ation R-5 To install the main batteries a. Slide up the battery compartment cover as illustrated. b. Insert 3 new AAA(LR03) batteries into the main compartment. Make sure each batte ry is inserted in the indicated direction. To install the backup battery a. Press down the holder. Push the plate to the shown direction and lift it. b[...]

R-6 Reference information Variables Home variables The home variables are: Category Available name Complex Z1 ... Z9 , Z0 Graphic G1 ... G9 , G0 Library Function Parametric Polar Sequence Solve Statistics User-named List L1 ... L9 , L0 Matrix M1 ... M9 , M0 Modes Ans Date HAngle HDigits HFormat Ierr Time Notepad User-named Program Editline User-nam[...]

Reference inform ation R-7 Function aplet variables The function aplet variables are: Category A v ailable name Plot A xes Connect Coord FastRes Grid Indep InvCross Labels Recenter Simult Tracing Xcross Ycross Xtick Ytick Xmin Xmax Ymin Ymax Xzoom Yxoom Plot-FCN Area Extremum Isect Root Slope Symbolic Angle F1 F2 F3 F4 F5 F6 F7 F8 F9 F0 Numer ic Di[...]

R-8 Reference information Parametric aplet variables The parametric aplet variables are: Category Available name Plot Axe s Connect Coord Grid Indep InvCross Labels Recenter Simult Tmin Tmax Tracing Tstep Xcross Ycross Xtick Ytick Xmin Xmax Ymin Ymax Xzoom Yzoom Symbolic Angle X1 Y1 X2 Y2 X3 Y3 X4 Y4 X5 Y5 X6 Y6 X7 Y7 X8 Y8 X9 Y9 X0 Y0 Numeric Digi[...]

Reference inform ation R-9 Polar aplet variables The polar aplet variables are: Category A v ailable names Plot A xes Connect Coord Grid Indep InvCross Labels Recenter Simult Umin Umax θ step Tracing Xcross Ycross Xtick Ytick Xmin Xmax Ymin Ymax Xzoom Yxoom Symbolic Angle R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 R7 R8 R9 R0 Numer ic Digits Format NumCol NumFont NumIndep[...]

R-10 Reference information Sequence aplet variables The sequence aplet variables are: Category Available name Plot Axe s Coord Grid Indep InvCross Labels Nmin Nmax Recenter SeqPlot Simult Tracing Xcross Ycross Xtick Ytick Xmin Xmax Ymin Ymax Xzoom Yzoom Symbolic Angle U1 U2 U3 U4 U5 U6 U7 U8 U9 U0 Numeric Digits Format NumCol NumFont NumIndep NumRo[...]

Reference inform ation R-11 Solve aplet variables The solve aplet variables are: Category Available name Plot A xes Connect Coord FastRes Grid Indep InvCross Labels Recenter Tracing Xcross Ycross Xtick Ytick Xmin Xmax Ymin Ymax Xzoom Yxoom Symbolic Angle E1 E2 E3 E4 E5 E6 E7 E8 E9 E0 Numer ic Digits Format NumCol NumRow Note NoteText Sketch Page Pa[...]

R-12 Reference information Statistics aplet variables The statistics aplet variables are: Category Available name Plot Axe s Connect Coord Grid Hmin Hmax Hwidth Indep InvCross Labels Recenter S1mark S2mark S3mark S4mark S5mark StatPlot Tracing Xcross Ycross Xtick Ytick Xmin Xmax Ymin Ymax Xzoom Yxoom Symbolic Angle S1fit S2fit S3fit S4fit S5fit Num[...]

Reference inform ation R-13 MATH menu categories Math functions The math functions are: Category Available name Calculus TAYLOR Complex ARG CONJ IM RE Constant e i MAXREAL MINREAL π Hyperb . ACOSH ASINH ATANH COSH SINH TANH ALOG EXP EXPM1 LNP1 List CONCAT ∆ LIST MAKELIST π LIST POS REVERSE SIZE Σ LIST SORT Loop ITERATE RECURSE Σ ∂ ∫[...]

R-14 Reference information Matrix COLNORM COND CROSS DET DOT EIGENVAL EIGENVV IDENMAT INVERSE LQ LSQ LU MAKEMAT QR RANK ROWNORM RREF SCHUR SIZE SPECNORM SPECRAD SVD SVL TRACE TRN Polynom. POLYCOEF POLYEVAL POLYFORM POLYROOT Prob. COMB ! PERM RANDOM UTPC UTPF UTPN UTPT Real CEILING DEG → RAD FLOOR FNROOT FRAC HMS → → HMS INT MANT MAX MIN MOD %[...]

Reference inform ation R-15 Program constants The program constants are: Tests < ≤ = = ≠ > ≥ AND IFTE NOT OR XOR Trig ACOT ACSC ASEC COT CSC SEC Category Av ailable name (Continued) Category Available name Angle Degrees Grads Radians Format Standard Fixed Sci Eng Fraction SeqPlot Cobweb Stairstep S1...5fit Linear LogFit ExpFit Power Qua[...]

R-16 Reference information Program commands The program commands are: Category Command Aplet CHECK SELECT SETVIEWS UNCHECK Branch IF THEN ELSE END CASE IFERR RUN STOP Drawing ARC BOX ERASE FREEZE LINE PIXOFF PIXON TLINE Graphic DISPLAY → → DISPLAY → GROB GROBNOT GROBOR GROBXOR MAKEGROB PLOT → → PLOT REPLACE SUB ZEROGROB Loop FOR = TO STEP[...]

Reference inform ation R-17 Status messages Message Meaning Bad Argument Type Incorrect input for this operation. Bad Argument Value The value is out of range for this operation. Infinite Result Math exception, such as 1/0 . Insufficient Memory You must recover some memory to continue operation. Delete one or more matrices, lists, notes, or program[...]

R-18 Reference information No Equations Checked You must enter and check an equation (Symbolic view) before evaluating this function. (OFF SCREEN) Function value, root, extremum, or intersection is not visible in the current screen. Receive Error Problem with data reception from anot her ca lculator. Re- send the data. Too Few Arguments The command[...]

Limiting Warranty W-1 Li mi t i n g W arra n t y hp 39g+ Graphing Calculator; Warranty period: 12 months 1. HP warr ants to you , the end-user c ustomer , that HP hard w ar e , accessor ies and su pplies w ill be fr ee fr om defec ts in mater ials and w or kmanship after the date of pur cha se , for the per iod spec if ied abo v e . If HP recei v e[...]

W-2 Limiting Warranty 6 . HP MAKES NO O THER EXPRE S S W ARRANTY OR CONDIT ION WHE THER WRI TTEN OR ORAL. T O THE EXTENT ALL OWED B Y L OCAL L A W , ANY IMPLIED W ARRANTY OR CONDI TION OF MERCHANT ABILITY , SA T ISF A CT OR Y QU ALI TY , OR FITNE SS FOR A P ARTICULAR PURP OSE I S LIMITED T O THE DURA TION OF THE EXP RE S S W ARRANTY SET F OR TH ABO[...]

Limiting Warranty W-3 Service Europe Countr y : T elephone numbers Austr i a +43-1-36 0 2 77120 3 Belgium +3 2 - 2- 712 6 219 D e n m a r k + 45 - 8 -2 33 284 4 Ea st e r n Eu ro p e countr ies +4 20 -5- 414 2 2 5 2 3 Fi n l a n d + 35 - 89640 0 09 F rance +33-1-49 9 3 9006 German y +4 9-6 9-9 5 3 0 7103 Gr eece +4 20 -5- 414 2 2 5 2 3 Holland +3 1[...]

W-4 Limiting Warranty P lease logon to http://www .hp.com for the lat est se r vice a n d s u p p o r t in f o r m at i o n . L.Ame r ica Country : Telephone numbers Ar gentina 0 -810 -55 5-5 5 20 Bra zil Sao P aulo 3 7 4 7 - 77 99; RO T C 0 -800 -15 7 7 51 M e xi c o M x Ci t y 5258 - 9 922; RO T C 01-800 - 4 7 2 -66 84 Ven e z u e l a 0 80 0 - 4 [...]

Limiting Warranty W-5 Regulatory information This section contains information that shows how the hp 39g+ graphing calculator comp lies with regulations in certain regions. Any modifications to the calculator not expressly approved by Hewlett-Packard could void the authority to operate the 39g+ in these regions. USA This calculator generates, uses,[...]

W-6 Limiting Warranty Disposal of Waste Equipment by Users in Private Household in the European Union This s y mbol on the pr oduc t or on its pack aging indicates that this pr oduct m u s t n o t b e d i s p o s e d o f w i t h y o u r o t h e r household waste . Instead, it is your responsibi lit y to di spose of your waste equipment b y handing [...]

Index I-1 Index A absolute value 11-5 add 11-3 algebraic entry 1-19 alpha characters typing 1-6 alphabetical sorting 17-6 angle measure 1-10 in statistics 8-12 setting 1-12 animation 15-5 creating 15-5 annunciators 1-3 Ans (last answer) 1-24 antilogarithm 11-4 , 11-9 aplet attaching notes 17-4 clearing 17-3 copying 17-4 definition of R-1 deleting 1[...]

I-2 Index chronological sorting 17-6 circle drawi ng 15-4 clearing aplet 17-3 characters 1-22 display 1-22 display history 1-25 edit line 1-22 lists 14-6 plot 2-7 cobweb graph 6-1 coeffici ents polynomial 11-10 columns changing position 16-25 combinations 11-12 commands aplet 16-14 branch 16-17 definition of R-1 drawing 16-19 graphic 16-20 loop 16-[...]

Index I-3 definition of 11-6 in Function aplet 11-22 in Home 11-21 determinant square matrix 13-11 differentiation 11-6 display 16-20 adjusting contrast 1-2 annunciator line 1-2 capture 16-20 clearing 1-2 date and time 16-26 element 13-5 elements 14-4 engineering 1-11 fixed 1-11 fraction 1-11 history 1-22 line 1-23 matrices 13-5 parts of 1-2 printi[...]

I-4 Index gamma 11-12 intersection point 3-5 math menu R-13 slope 3-5 syntax 11-2 tracing 2-8 Function aplet 2-21 , 3-1 function variables area 16-30 axes 16-30 connect 16-30 fastres 16-31 grid 16-31 in menu map R-7 indep 16-32 isect 16-32 labels 16-33 Recent er 16-33 root 16-33 ycross 16-36 G glossary R-1 graph analyzing statistical data in 8-19 a[...]

Index I-5 I i 11-8 implied multiplication 1-21 importing graphics 15-6 notes 15-8 increasing display contrast 1-2 indefinite integral using symbolic variables 11-23 independent values adding to table 2-19 independent variable defined for Tracing mode 16-32 inference confidence intervals 9-15 hypothesis tests 9-8 One-Proportion Z-Interval 9-17 One-S[...]

I-6 Index logarithmic fit 8-13 functions 11-3 logical operators AND 11-19 equals (logical test) 11-18 greater than 11-18 greater than or equal to 11-19 IFTE 11-19 less than 11-18 less than or equal to 11-18 NOT 11-19 not equal to 11-18 OR 11-19 XOR 11-19 logistic fit 8-13 loop commands BREAK 16-23 DO...UNTIL...END 16-22 FOR I= 16-23 WHILE...REPEAT.[...]

Index I-7 variables 13-1 matrix functions 13-10 COLNORM 13-10 COND 13-10 CROSS 13-10 DET 13-11 DOT 13-11 EIGENVAL 13-11 EIGENVV 13-11 IDENMAT 13-11 INVERSE 13-11 LQ 13-11 LSQ 13-11 LU 13-11 MAKEMAT 13-11 QR 13-12 RANK 13-12 ROWNORM 13-12 RREF 13-12 SCHUR 13-12 SIZE 13-12 SPECNORM 13-12 SPECRAD 13-12 SVD 13-13 SVL 13-13 TRACE 13-13 TRN 13-13 maximum[...]

I-8 Index order of precedence 1-21 overlaying plots 2-16 , 4-3 P π 11-8 paired columns 8-11 parametric variables axes 16-30 connect 16-30 grid 16-31 in menu map R-8 indep 16-32 labels 16-33 recent er 16-33 ycross 16-36 parentheses to close arguments 1-21 to specify order of operation 1- 21 pause 16-28 permutations 11-12 pictures attaching in Sketc[...]

Index I-9 precede nce 1-22 predicted values statistical 8-20 print contents of display 16-25 name and contents of variable 16-25 object in history 16-25 variables 16-25 probability functions ! 11-12 COMB 11-12 RANDOM 11-12 UTPC 11-12 UTPF 11-13 UTPN 11-13 UTPT 11-13 program commands 16-4 copying 16-8 creating 16-4 debugging 16-7 deleting 16-9 delim[...]

I-10 Index interac tive 3-10 n th 11-6 variable 16-33 root-finding displaying 7-7 interac tive 3-9 operatio ns 3-10 variables 3-10 S S1mark-S5mark variables 16-33 scaling automatic 2-14 decimal 2-10 , 2-14 integer 2-10 , 2-14 , 2-16 options 2-14 resetting 2-14 trigonometric 2-15 scatter plot 8-15 , 8-16 connected 8-17 , 8-18 SCHUR decomposition 13-[...]