Moxa Technologies EM-1240-LX manual

EM-1240-LX User ’ s Manual www .moxa.com/product First Edition, November 2006 Moxa Systems Co., Ltd. Tel: +886-2-8919-1711 Fax: +886-2-8919-1722 Web: www.moxa.com Moxa Technical Support World wide: support@ moxa.com The Americas support@ usa.moxa.com[...]

EM-1240-LX User’s Manual The software d escribed in t his manual is furnished u nder a license a greement and m ay be used only in accordance with the term s of that agreement. Copyright Notice Copyright © 2006 Mo xa Systems Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Reproducti on without perm ission is pr ohibited. Trademarks Moxa is a registered tradem ar[...]

Table of Contents Chapter 1 Introduction .................................................................................................. 1-1 Overview.................................................................................................................................. 1-2 Package Ch ecklis t ...........................................[...]

Enabling NAT at Bo otup .............................................................................................. 4-7 Configuring Dial-in/ Dial-out Ser vice ...................................................................................... 4-8 Dial-out Service ................................................................................[...]

1 1 Chapter 1 Introduction The Moxa EM -1240-LX Seri es of Mini RIS C-based Rea dy-to-Run Em bedded Com puter features dual 10/100 Mbps Ethernet ports and four RS-232/422/485 serial ports in a built-in µClinux ARM9 mod ule. In addi tion, EM -1240-LX pr ovides SD m emory card for storage e xpansion , of fers high perform ance comm unication and unl[...]

EM-1240-LX User’s Manual Introduction 1-2 Overview The EM-1240-LX Series of m ini RISC-based communication platform s are ideal for your embedded a pplications. The EM-1240 -LX comes wit h 4 RS-23 2/422/485 s erial ports a nd dual 10/100 Mbps Ethernet LAN ports to provide users with a versatile communication platform. The EM-1240-LX uses the M OX[...]

EM-1240-LX User’s Manual Introduction 1-3 Product Specifications Hardware Specifications Model EM-1240 Embedded Module CPU MOXA AR T AR M9 32-bit 192 MHz processor RAM 16 MB Flash 8 MB LAN Auto-sensi ng 10/100 Mbps x 2 LAN Protecti on Built-in 1.5 KV magnetic isolation Four serial ports supp orting RS -232/422/485 si gnals RS-232 signals: TxD, R [...]

EM-1240-LX User’s Manual Introduction 1-4 Software Specifications Kernel µClinux Ke rnel 2.6. 9 Supports dy namic driver m odule load / unload Prot ocol S tack ARP , ICMP , IPV4, TCP , UDP , FTP , T elnet, SNMP V1/V2c, HTTP , CHAP , P AP , DHCP , NTP , NFS V2/V3, SMTP , T elnet, FTP , PPP , PPPoE File System JFFS2 for Kernel, Root File System (R[...]

EM-1240-LX User’s Manual Introduction 1-5 Hardware Block Diagram Appearance EM-1240 Embedded Module + Dev elopment Kit EM-1240 Embedded Module EM-1240 Development Kit[...]

EM-1240-LX User’s Manual Introduction 1-6 EM-1240 Embedded Module EM-1240 Development Kit[...]

EM-1240-LX User’s Manual Introduction 1-7 Dimensions EM-1240 Embedded Module . EM-1240 Development Kit[...]

EM-1240-LX User’s Manual Introduction 1-8 Installing the EM-1240-LX If you wo uld like to u se the EM -1240 Em bedded Modul e and the EM -1240 Devel opment Kit, insert the EM-1240 Embedded Module vertically onto the Development Kit. Note that the pin marked “JP4” on the Embedd ed Module m ust be matched with the pi n marked “JP6” on the D[...]

EM-1240-LX User’s Manual Introduction 1-9 ATTENTION Safety First! Be sure to disconnect th e power cord before installin g and/or wiring your EM-1240-LX. Wiring Caution! Calculate the maximum poss ible current in each power wire and common wire. Obse rve all electrical codes dictating the maximum current allowable for each wire si ze. If the curr[...]

EM-1240-LX User’s Manual Introduction 1-10 Connecting to the Network Connect one end of the Ethern et cable to the EM-1240-LX’ s 10/100M Ethernet port and the oth er end of the cable to the Ethernet network. If th e cable is properly connected , the EM-1240-LX will indicate a valid connection to the Ethernet in the following ways: y The top-ri [...]

EM-1240-LX User’s Manual Introduction 1-11 Serial Console Port The serial cons ole port is a 4-pin pin- header RS-232 port. It is desi gned for serial console terminals, w hich are useful f or identify ing the EM-1 240-LX bo ot up m essage. Serial Console Port & Pinout s Serial Console Cable 4 3 2 1 Pin Signal 1 TxD 2 RxD 3 NC 4 GND Internal [...]

EM-1240-LX User’s Manual Introduction 1-12 ATTENTION Resetting to facto ry defaults will no t format the us er directory and erase all of the user ’ s data. Loading factory defaults will on ly load the config uration file. The files in the EM-1240-LX that will be replaced include: a. /etc/boa.conf b. /etc/hosts c. /etc/inittab d. /etc/password [...]

2 2 Chapter 2 Getting Started In this chapter , we explain the basic proced ure for getting the EM-1240-LX conn ected and ready for your needs. In this chapter , we cover the following topics:  Powering on the EM-1240-LX  Connecting the EM-1240-LX to a PC ¾ Console Port ¾ Telnet  Configuring the Ethernet Interface  Installing a Secure[...]

EM-1240-LX User’s Manual Getting Started 2-2 Powering on the EM-1240-LX Connect the SG wire to the Shielded Con tact located on the upper left corner of the EM-1240-LX, and then power on th e EM-1240-LX by connecting the power adaptor . It takes about 16 seco nds for the system to boot up. Once the system is ready , the Ready LED will light up. A[...]

EM-1240-LX User’s Manual Getting Started 2-3 Telnet If you know at least one of the two IP addre sses and netm asks, then you can use Telnet to connect to the EM-1240-LX’s console. Default IP Address Default Netmask LAN 1 192.168.3.127 255.255.255.0 LAN 2 192.168.4.127 255.255.255.0 Telnet can be used l ocally by usin g a crossover Ethernet cab[...]

EM-1240-LX User’s Manual Getting Started 2-4 Configuring the Ethernet Interface In this section, we use the serial console t o explain how to modify the EM-1240-LX ’ s network settings. 1. Change direct ories by issui ng the comm and cd /etc . 2. Type the com mand vi rc to use the VI Editor to edit th e co nfiguration file. The IP addresses for[...]

EM-1240-LX User’s Manual Getting Started 2-5 3. You may also configure th e EM-1240-LX to requ est IP addresses from a DHCP serve r. In this case, use the sharp sign (#) to comm ent out one or both “ifconfig” lines, and then add th e setting about the “dh cpcd” into the rc file as below. dhcpcd -p -a eth0 & dhcpcd -p -a eth1 & Not[...]

EM-1240-LX User’s Manual Getting Started 2-6 Installing a Secure Digital (SD) Memory Card The EM-1240-LX provides a n internal SD socket for storag e expansion. T o access this socket, perform the following steps to install the SD memory card. St e p 1 : Find the exact locatio n of the SD socket. St e p 2 : Insert the SD card into th e socket. Ma[...]

EM-1240-LX User’s Manual Getting Started 2-7 Developing Your Applications Step 1: Connect the EM-1240- LX to a Linux PC. Step 2: Install Tool C hain (G NU Cross Com piler & uC libc). Step 3: Configure cr oss compil er and uCli bc environm ent variables. Step 4: Code & com pile y our progra m. Step 5: Download prog ram to the EM-1240-LX v [...]

EM-1240-LX User’s Manual Getting Started 2-8 Step 1: Double cl ick the “tool -chainwindowsset up.exe” on the EM-1240-LX C D to begi n the installation, then click [Next]. Step 2: Click [Browse…] to select your installa tion location. The defau lt location is under C:UC .[...]

EM-1240-LX User’s Manual Getting Started 2-9 Step 3: Click [Next] to select the local package files direct ory, and th en click [Browse…] to select where your installation sour ce is. The default path is the location of the “setu p.exe” file. Step 4: Click [Next] to begin the package installation . You will see a progress bar that appears t[...]

EM-1240-LX User’s Manual Getting Started 2-10 #make to compile Hello.c. Finally , execute the program to generate hello and hello.gdb . Uploading “Hello” to the EM-1240-LX T o use FTP to upload hello to the EM-1240-LX, issue the following commands on the PC: #ftp 192.168.3.12 7 ftp> cd /home ftp> bin ftp> put ./hello ftp> quit #te[...]

EM-1240-LX User’s Manual Getting Started 2-11 Running “Hello” on the EM-1240-LX T o run the “Hello” program issue t he fo llowing com mands on t he EM-1240-L X: # chmod 755 hello #./hello The words “hello world” are pr inted on the screen. ATTENTION Be sure to calculate the amount of Flash Mem ory used by t he User File System in the [...]

EM-1240-LX User’s Manual Getting Started 2-12 Make File Example Code The following Make File exam ple codes are copied from the Hello example on the EM-1240-LX’ s CD-ROM. srcdir = . LDFLAGS = -Wl,-elf2flt LIBS = CFLAGS = # Change these if necessary CC = arm-elf-gcc CPP = arm-elf-gcc -E all: hello hello: $(CC) -o $@ $(CFLAGS) $(LDFLAGS) $(LIBS) [...]

3 3 Chapter 3 Software Package This chapter includ es information about the so ftware that is used with EM-1240-LX Series products. In this chapter , we cover the following topics:  EM-1240-LX Software Architecture ¾ Journaling Flash File System (JFFS2)  EM-1240-LX Software Package[...]

EM-1240-LX User’s Manual Software Package 3-2 EM-1240-LX Software Architecture The pre-installed µClinux Operatin g System used by the EM-1240-LX follows the standard µClinux archi tecture, m aking program s that fo llow the POSIX standard easily ported to the EM-1240-LX by using the GNU T oo l Chain provided by www .uClinux.or g . In addition [...]

EM-1240-LX User’s Manual Software Package 3-3 The partition sizes are hard coded into the kernel binary . Y ou must rebuild the kernel to chang e the partition sizes. The flash m emory map is shown in the following table. Flash Context Flash Address Size Access contr ol Boot loader 0 – 0x3f ff f 256 K Read ONL Y Kernet & Root File Syst em 0[...]

EM-1240-LX User’s Manual Software Package 3-4 EM-1240-LX Software Package bin dev upkernel passwd -> t inylogin login -> tinylogin tinylogi n telnetd snmpd mail sh routed netstat arp chat pppd portm ap ntpdate necid eraseall kversion init expand inetd hwclock ftpd ftp mke 2fs e2fsck discard dhcpcd cpu busybox boa bf backupfs downramdi sk up[...]

EM-1240-LX User’s Manual Software Package 3-5 bin dev ptyp0 ppp pio rtc ram1 ram0 null kmem mem cua0 console tty[...]

4 4 Chapter 4 Configuring the EM-1240-LX In this chapter , we describe how to co nfigure the EM-1240-LX Ser ies products. The following topics are covered in this chapter:  Enabling and Disabling Daemons  Adding a Web Page  IPTABLES  NAT ¾ NAT Example ¾ Enabling NAT at Bootp  Configuring Dial-in/Dial-out Service ¾ Dial-out Service[...]

EM-1240-LX User’s Manual Configuring EM-1240-LX 4-2 Enabling and Disabling Daemons The following daemons are enabled whe n th e EM-1240-LX boots up for the fir st time. y SNMP Agent daemon: snmpd y Telnet Server / Client daemon: telnetd y Internet Daemons: inetd y FTP Server / Client daemon: ftpd y WWW Server daemon: boa ATTENTION How to enable/d[...]

EM-1240-LX User’s Manual Configuring EM-1240-LX 4-3 Adding a Web Page Default Home Pag e address: /home/httpd/index.html Y ou may change the default h ome page directory by editing the web server ’ s configuration file, located at: /etc/boa.conf T ype the following command to edit the boa.conf file: /etc>vi boa.conf T o add your web page, pl[...]

EM-1240-LX User’s Manual Configuring EM-1240-LX 4-4 Destination NAT (DNAT) — changes the first destination packet IP a ddress MASQUERA DE — a special form for SNAT. If one host ca n connect to the Internet, then other computers that c onnect to this host ca n connect to the Internet whe n the computer does not have an actual IP address. REDIR[...]

EM-1240-LX User’s Manual Configuring EM-1240-LX 4-5 The EM-1240- LX supports th e following su b-modules. Be sure to use the module t hat matches your application. ip_conntrack ipt_ MARK ipt_ah ipt_state ip_conntrack_ftp ip t_MASQUERADE ipt_esp ipt_tcpmss ipt_conntrack_irc ipt_ MIRROT ipt_length ipt_tos ip_nat_ftp ipt_ REDIRECT ipt_limit ipt_ ttl[...]

EM-1240-LX User’s Manual Configuring EM-1240-LX 4-6 Define policy for chain rules Usage: # iptables [-t tables] [-P] [INPUT, OUTPUT, FORWARD, PREROUTING, OUTPUT, POSTROUTING] [ACCEPT, DROP] -P: Set the policy fo r the chain to the given target. INPUT: For packets co ming into the EM-1240-LX. OUTPUT: For locally-g enerated packets. FORWARD: For pa[...]

EM-1240-LX User’s Manual Configuring EM-1240-LX 4-7 NAT NA T (Networ k Address T ranslation) prot ocol translat es IP addresses used on one network int o diffe rent IP addresses used o n another net work. One network is designated the inside n etwork and the other is the outside network. T ypically , the EM-1240-LX connects several devices on a n[...]

EM-1240-LX User’s Manual Configuring EM-1240-LX 4-8 Configuring Dial-in/Dial-out Service Dial-out Service Direct cable connection: y Without username and pass word, use: />pppd connect ‘chat –v’ /dev/ttyM0 38400 crtscts& y With username and password, use: />pppd connect ‘chat –v’ user xxxxx password xxxxx /dev/ttyM0 38400 cr[...]

EM-1240-LX User’s Manual Configuring EM-1240-LX 4-9 <USER_PASSWOR D>: Password for user account To check if PPPOE is s uccessfu lly connected, use the command: y />ifconfig ppp0 How to Mount a Remote NFS Server Currently , the EM-1240-LX onl y support s NFS (Net work File Sy stem) clie nts. Users can ope n NFS service on a Linux PC to en[...]

EM-1240-LX User’s Manual Configuring EM-1240-LX 4-10 Upgrading the Kernel The EM-1240- LX kernel is em 1240 -1.x..bin , whic h can be downloa ded from www .moxa.com . Y ou must first download this file to your PC, and then use Console T erminal or T elnet Console to copy the file to the EM-1240-LX. Y ou can save t his file to the E M-1240-LX’ s[...]

EM-1240-LX User’s Manual Configuring EM-1240-LX 4-11 Upgrading the Root File System & User Directory The EM-1240- LX uses JFFS2 f or root fil e system and user directory . By default, the r oot file system is pre-set to READ only . The EM-1240-LX provides a read/write user ’ s directory in the JFFS2 file sy stem. By usi ng this user’ s di[...]

EM-1240-LX User’s Manual Configuring EM-1240-LX 4-12 User Directory Backup — EM-1240-LX to PC T o enable the RAM disk, use the following comman d: />upramdisk />cd ramdisk Use the backupfs co mmand to backup the file system. /ramdisk>backupfs /ramdis k/usrdisk-backup The file system will be backed up. Use ftp comma nds to transfer the [...]

EM-1240-LX User’s Manual Configuring EM-1240-LX 4-13 | +bin Loading Factory Defaults The easiest way to “Load Fact ory Defaults” is with the “Up grade User directory ” operation. Refer to the previous section “ How to Upgrade User Dir ectory ” for an intr oduction. Y ou may al so press the RES ET b utton for m ore than 5 seconds to lo[...]

EM-1240-LX User’s Manual Configuring EM-1240-LX 4-14 T o check the root file system (fir mware) version of the EM-1240-LX, type: />fsversion You may also check the user directory v ersion of the EM-1240-LX by using the follow ing command: />cat /etc/version[...]

5 5 Chapter 5 EM-1240-LX Device API In this chapter , we discuss the Device A PI for the EM-1240-LX Series. W e intro duce the APIs for the following fun ctions:  RTC (Real-time Clock)  Buzzer  UART Interface[...]

EM-1240-LX User’s Manual EM-1240-LX Device API 5-2 RTC (Real-time Clock) The device node is located at /dev/rtc . The EM-1240-LX supports µClinux standard simple RTC control. You m ust include <linux/ rtc.h> to use these functions. 1. Function: RTC_RD_TIME int ioctl(fd, RTC_RD_TIME, struct rtc_time *time); Description: Reads time informati[...]

6 6 Chapter 6 UC Finder The EM-1240-LX comes with a UC Finder utility , which has the so le purpose of searchin g the LAN or intranet for the EM-1240-LX units. For most of the applications, it is no t easy to remember the IP addresses of Universal Communicators connected to the L A N. This is especially true for some problem solving and testing in [...]

EM-1240-LX User’s Manual UC Finder 6-2 Windows UC Finder The following steps descri be how to install UC Fi nder on a W indows PC . 1. Double click the UC Finder installation program, Setup.exe , to start t he installation. 2. When the Wel come to the UC Finder Setup Wizard window opens, click Next to continue. 3. Select the Create a desk top ico[...]

EM-1240-LX User’s Manual UC Finder 6-3 4. Select the Launch UC Finder option, to use UC Finder immediately after the installation has finished, an d then click Next to complete the installation. 5. When the UC Find er window opens, click Broadcast Search to search for all Universal Communicators connected to the L AN.[...]

EM-1240-LX User’s Manual UC Finder 6-4 6. The Searching window will show the Uni versal Communicators that have been located. You can click Stop as soon as the Universal Comm unicat or you are looking for is listed. 7. When the search is complete, the Broa dcast Search window closes, a nd the Model , MAC Address , and I P Address of all Universal[...]

EM-1240-LX User’s Manual UC Finder 6-5 ATTENTION UC finder i s designe d solely to find IP add resses of netw orked Unive rsal Comm unicators. It cannot be use d to configure Universal Comm unicators over the network. If you need to configure UC’s IP address or other parameters, connect to UC’s console utility by Telnet (over the network) o r[...]

A A Appendix A System Commands busybox: µClinux normal command utility collection File manager cp copy file ls list file ln make symbolic link file mount mount and check file system rm delete file chmod change file ow ner & group & user chown change file owner chgrp change file group sync sync file system; save system file buf fer to hardw[...]

EM-1240-LX User’s Manual System Commands A-2 Network ping ping to test network rou t e routing ta ble manage r netstat display network status ifconfig set network IP address tracer out trace route tftp tftp prot ocol telnet user interface to TE LNET protocol ftp file transfer protoc ol iptables-res tor e restore iptables configuration file to net[...]

B B Appendix B SNMP Agent with MIB II & RS-232 Like Group The EM-1240-LX has a built-in SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol) ag ent that supports RFC1317 RS-232 like group and RFC 1213 MIB-II. The following table lists the variable implem entation fo r the EM- 1240-LX. The full SNMP object ID of the EM-1240-LX is “.iso.3.6. 1.4.1.8 691.1[...]

EM-1240-LX User’s Manual SNMP Agent with MIB II & RS-232 Like Group B-2 ip MIB tcp MIB udp MIB ipForwarding ipDefaultTTL ipInReceives ipInHdrError s ipInAddrEr rors ipForwDatagrams ipInUnknownPr otos ipInDiscards ipInDelivers ipOutRequests ipOutDiscards ipOutNoRoutes ipReasmT im eout ipReasmReqds ipReasmFails ipFragOKs ipFragFails ipFragCreat[...]

EM-1240-LX User’s Manual SNMP Agent with MIB II & RS-232 Like Group B-3 snmp MIB snmpInPkts snmpOutPkts snmpInBadV ersions snmpInBa dComm unityNam es snmpInBa dCommunit yUses snmpInASNPa rseErrs snmpInT ooBigs snmpInNoSuc hNames snmpInBadV alues snmpInReadOnlys snmpInGenErrs snmpInT otalReqV ars snmpInT otalSetV ars snmpInGetRequests snmpInGe[...]

C C Appendix C EM-1240-LX FAQ FAQ 1 Why can I only use vfork( ),a nd am unable to use fork( ) ? Answer 1 uClinux only su pports vfork( ) . It does no t support fork ( ). Note that when using vfork( ), the parent process will hang un til the child process calls an exec group API, or exits. FAQ 2 When using a pthread gr oup API, why cannot I u se SIG[...]

D D Appendix D Service Information This appen dix shows y ou how to co ntact Moxa for info rmation abo ut this and other pro ducts, and how to repo rt problems. In this appendix, we cover th e following topics.  Moxa Internet Services  Problem Report Form  Product Return Procedure[...]

EM-1240-LX User’s Manual Service Information D-2 Moxa Internet Services Customer satisfaction is our prim ary concern. T o ensure that cust omers r eceive the full be nefit of our products , Moxa I nternet Services ha s been set u p to provide t echnical support, driver updates , product i nformation, a nd user’ s m anual updat es. The followin[...]

EM-1240-LX User’s Manual Service Information D-3 Problem Report Form Moxa EM-1240-LX Customer name: Comp any: T el: Fax: Email: Date: 1. Moxa Product:  EM -1240-LX 2. Serial Number: ___________ ______ Problem Desc ription: Please describe t he symptom s of the problem as clearly as possible, includi ng any error messages you see. A clearly wri[...]

EM-1240-LX User’s Manual Service Information D-4 Product Return Procedure For product repair, exc hange, o r refund, the customer m ust:  Provide e vidence of origi nal purchase.  Obtain a Product Return Agreement (PRA) from the sales representative or dealer.  Fill out the Problem Report Fo rm (PRF). Include as much detail as possible f[...]