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Avocent KVM over IP switch manuel d'utilisation

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Table des matières du manuel d’utilisation

  • Page 1

    8/16 PS/2 KVM over IP switch 8 port / 16 port PS/2 KVM over IP SWITCH USER’S MANUAL Rev 1.0[...]

  • Page 2

    8/16 PS/2 KVM over IP switch T ABLE OF CONTENTS 1. THE QUICK INST ALLA TION GUIDE 1 2. INTRODUCTION 4 2.1 When the server is up and running 4 2.2 When the sever is dead 4 2.3 Features 5 2.4 Package contents 6 2.5 T echnical specifications 7 2.6 System requirement 8 2.7 Cable diagrams 8 2.8 Product Details 9 3. HARDW ARE INST ALLA TION 10 3.1 Operat[...]

  • Page 3

    8/16 PS/2 KVM over IP switch 5.5 Main Window 30 5.5.1 Remote Console Control Bar 30 5.5.2 Remote Console S t atus Line 36 6. MENU OPTIONS 37 6.1 Remote Control 37 6.1.1 KVM Console 37 6.1.2 T elnet Console 37 6.2 User Management 39 6.2.1 Change Password 39 6.2.2 Users And Groups 39 6.3 KVM Settings 40 6.3.1 User Console 40 6.3.2 Keyboard/Mouse 43 6[...]

  • Page 4

    8/16 PS/2 KVM over IP switch 1 1. The Quick Inst allation Guide Inst allation PS/2 IP-KVM switch redirects local keyboard, mouse and video dat a to a remote administration console. All data is transmitted via IP . PS/2 IP-KVM switch can be used in a multi administrator and multi server environment as well. Besides, PS/2 IP- KVM switch is a KVM swit[...]

  • Page 5

    8/16 PS/2 KVM over IP switch 2 Use a terminal software (e.g. hy per term or minicom) to connect to PS/2 IP-KVM switch. Reset PS/2 IP-KVM switch and immediately pr ess <ESC>. Y ou will see some device information and a ’=>’ prompt. Enter the command ’config’ and press <Enter>. After waiting a few moment s you may configure IP [...]

  • Page 6

    8/16 PS/2 KVM over IP switch 3 switch Video Settings. You can change some values, for instance the brightness and contrast of the picture displayed, which may improve the vi deo quality. It is also po ssible to revert to the default settings for all video mode s or only the current one. Note: At first start, if the local mous e pointer is not synch[...]

  • Page 7

    8/16 PS/2 KVM over IP switch 4 2. Introduction Thank you for purchasing PS/2 IP-KVM switch. PS/2 IP-KVM switch can save your MONEY , TIME, SP ACE, EQUIPMENT and POWER. PS/2 IP-KVM switch defines a new class of remote KVM access devices. PS/2 IP-KVM switch combines an 8/16/32- port KVM switch with digital remote KVM access via IP networks and comp r[...]

  • Page 8

    8/16 PS/2 KVM over IP switch 5 Type of failure Detected by Hard disk failure Console screen, CMOS set-up information Power cable detached, power supply failure Server remains in power off state after power on command has been given. CPU Controller, main board failure. Power su pply is on, but there is no video output. CPU fan failure By server spec[...]

  • Page 9

    8/16 PS/2 KVM over IP switch 6 2.4 Package content s Model No.: 8 port PS/2 IP-KVM switch Base unit- 8 port PS/2 IP-KVM switch 1 PCS User ’s manual 1 PCS Installation sof tware and User Manual on CD-ROM 1 PCS AC to DC Power Adapter 1 PCS Rack Mount Kit 1 SET Daisy Chain Cable 1 PCS 3-in-one cables (One HDDB 15-pin male to one HDDB 15-pin and two [...]

  • Page 10

    8/16 PS/2 KVM over IP switch 7 2.5 T echnical specifications Model No. 8 port PS/2 IP-KVM switch 16 port PS/2 IP-KVM switch PC Port 8 16 Console Port 1 PC Port Connector (All Female T ypes) VGA HDDB 15-pin(sh ared with PS/2 keyboard and Mouse) Console Port Connector (All Female T ypes) Local Console: PS/2 Keyboard Mini Din 6 pin PS/2 Mouse Mini Din[...]

  • Page 11

    8/16 PS/2 KVM over IP switch 8 2.6 System requirement Model No. 8 port s PS/2 IP-KVM switch Local console side One VGA Monitor One Keyboard One Mouse Network Side 10/100Mbps Ethernet or Modem Remote Console side One computer Computer side 8 PCs with 8 3-in-one cables (One HDDB 15-pin male to one HDDB 15-pin and two Mini Din 6-pin PS/2 cables) Model[...]

  • Page 12

    8/16 PS/2 KVM over IP switch 9 PS/2 to DB9 adapter (Optional) Mini Din 6 pin Female to DB 9 pin Female CA T5/5E/6 Straight Th rough UTP/STP Cable: 8P8C 2.8 Product Det ails 8 port Rack Mount PS/2 IP-KVM switch: 16 port Rack Mount PS/2 IP-KVM switch:[...]

  • Page 13

    8/16 PS/2 KVM over IP switch 10 3. Hardware inst allation 3.1 Operation Overview Figure 3.1 shows the connecti ons of PS/2 IP-KVM switch to its host, to peripheral devices, to the power source and to the local area network. Figure 3.1: PS/2 IP-KVM switch usage scenario PS/2 IP-KVM switch redirects local keyboard, m ouse, and video dat a to a remote[...]

  • Page 14

    8/16 PS/2 KVM over IP switch 11 Step 3 (Local console) Connect the monitor to the KVM Switch. Using t he attached cable, or the one included with your monitor , connect it to the HDDB15-pin female port on the back of the KVM unit labeled with the monitor symbol at the CONSOLE connector . Step 4 Connect the keyboard to the KVM S witch. If you have a[...]

  • Page 15

    8/16 PS/2 KVM over IP switch 12 Step 7 Double-check all of the connections. Y ou can che ck the color of keyboard and mouse connector t o make sure the keyboard and mouse c ables go to the correct ports. Step 8 Repeat step 5 to 7 for the re mainder of the computers. Step 9 Connect the Ethernet and/or modem, ISDN, depending how you want to access PS[...]

  • Page 16

    8/16 PS/2 KVM over IP switch 13 3.2.1 Connecting the Exte rnal Reset/Power Option Please refer to the manual of the PS/2 IP-KVM switch 8/16/ 32 port external power switch option or a third party external power option to connect those external devices to one of the serial interface on the rear side of PS/2 IP-KVM switch . By the date of printing thi[...]

  • Page 17

    8/16 PS/2 KVM over IP switch 14 4. Configuration 4.1 Initial Configuration The PS/2 IP-KVM switch's communication inte rfaces are all based on TCP/IP . It comes pre-configured with the IP conf iguration listed in T able 4-1. Parameter V alue IP auto configuration DHCP IP-Address - Net-mask 255.255.255.0 Default-Gateway none Table 4-1. Initial [...]

  • Page 18

    8/16 PS/2 KVM over IP switch 15 Figure4-1. IP-KVM switch setup tool On the upper left corner, the MAC address of the IP -KVM switch is displa yed. To detect the MAC address, manually, press t he button “Refresh Devices”. The displayed MAC address is the same MAC address printed on t he white sticker placed on the ba ck of the IP-KVM switch. If [...]

  • Page 19

    8/16 PS/2 KVM over IP switch 16 4.1.2 Initial configuration via serial console Using a serial terminal, the PS/2 IP-KVM switch has a serial li ne interface (rear side). This connector is compliant with the RS 232 serial line standard. The serial li ne has to be configured with the parameters gi ven in T able 4-2. When configuring with a serial term[...]

  • Page 20

    8/16 PS/2 KVM over IP switch 17 4.1.3.1 PS/2 IP-KVM swit ch keyboard settings The PS/2 IP-KVM switch settings for the host's keyboard type have to be correct in order to make the remote keyboard work properly. Che ck the settings in the PS/2 IP-KVM switc h front-end. See 6.3.3 for details. 4.1.3.2 Remote Mouse Settings A common problem with KV[...]

  • Page 21

    8/16 PS/2 KVM over IP switch 18 While the IP-KVM switch wor ks with accelerated mice and is able to synchronize the local with the remote mouse pointer, there are the following limitations, which may prevent this synchronization from working properly: Special Mouse Driver There are mouse drivers which influence the synchronization process and lead [...]

  • Page 22

    8/16 PS/2 KVM over IP switch 19 5. Usage 5.1 Prerequisites The PS/2 IP-KVM switch features an embedded operating system and applications offering a variety of standardized interfaces. This chapter will describe both these in terfaces, and the way to use them in a more detailed manner . The inte rfaces are accessed using the TCP/IP protocol family ,[...]

  • Page 23

    8/16 PS/2 KVM over IP switch 20 Figure 5-1. The Internet Explorer display ing the encryption key length Newer web browsers do suppor t strong encryption on default. 5.2 Using PS/2 KVM over IP switch as a KVM switch The power on state of 8/16 por t PS/2 KVM over IP switch: When you power on KVM switch, it will ask you the password, the default p ass[...]

  • Page 24

    8/16 PS/2 KVM over IP switch 21 please put 16 port IP-KVM switch on the 1st bank ( or say Master bank). It is based on 16 port IP-KVM switch supports 16 port LEDs display on the fr ont p anel. Otherwise, 8 port IP-KVM switch is allocated at 1st bank and there is a 16 port IP-KVM switch chained to the slave bank, the master bank (or say 1st bank) is[...]

  • Page 25

    8/16 PS/2 KVM over IP switch 22 T o select PC port: + + + = S e l e c t e d B a n k a n d P C + + = Beeper on local KVM Switch (Note: The default Beeper function is ON and beeper control is only for available for Scan Mode ) + + + = A u t o S c a n T o get out of Auto Scan Mode, Pr ess any key or SP ACE bar . + + = O S D s e t t i n g b a c k t o f[...]

  • Page 26

    8/16 PS/2 KVM over IP switch 23 D. Before chaining the slave bank up to six banks, you need a VGA extender between the fifth bank and the sixth bank to enhance the VGA signal. Figure 5-2: Daisy Chain Connection 5.2.2 Hot Plug The KVM Switch supports “Hot Plug“ function for easy addition or removal of PCs. The user can arrange or maintain PCs as[...]

  • Page 27

    8/16 PS/2 KVM over IP switch 24 mouse software driver support s the “Hot Plug” function. 5.2.3 On Screen Display Operation 1. OSD menu can be popped up in powered on PC port or non-power ed on PC port or empty PC port. The resolution of OSD menu is fixed to 1024X768 for non-powered on PC port or empty PC port. 2. When you pop up the OSD menu wi[...]

  • Page 28

    8/16 PS/2 KVM over IP switch 25 a. The “OSD: 10 SEC” means that the OSD windows display or PC system name exists 10 sec. on your monitor . Y ou can modify it from 05 sec to 99 sec. The factory default value is 10 sec. b. The “SCAN TIME” means that scan interval fr om one PC port to next PC port. The default SCAN time is 10 sec and the maxim[...]

  • Page 29

    8/16 PS/2 KVM over IP switch 26 be flashed during the refresh process. When the OSD value back to default setting, the bank seven segment LED on the front panel will stop flashing 5.3 Login into the PS/2 IP-KVM switch and logout 5.3.1 Login into the PS/2 IP-KVM switch Launch your web browser. Direct it to the addr ess of your PS/2 IP-KVM switch, wh[...]

  • Page 30

    8/16 PS/2 KVM over IP switch 27 Warning Please make sure to change the super user password immediately after you have installed and accessed your PS/2 IP-KVM s witch for the first ti me. Not changing the pass phrase for the super user is a severe security risk and might result in unauthorized access to the PS/2 IP-KVM switch and to the host system [...]

  • Page 31

    8/16 PS/2 KVM over IP switch 28 Warning If there is no activity for half an hour , the PS/2 IP-KVM switch will log you out, automatically. A click on one of the links wi ll bring you back to the login screen. 5.3.2 Logout from the PS/2 IP-KVM switch This link logs out the current user and presents a new login screen. Please note that an automatic l[...]

  • Page 32

    8/16 PS/2 KVM over IP switch 29 5.5 Main Window Starting the Remote Console opens an additi onal window. It displays the screen content of your host system. The Remote C onsole will behave exactly in the same way as if you were sitting directly in front of the screen of your remote system. That means keyboard and mouse can be used in the usual way.[...]

  • Page 33

    8/16 PS/2 KVM over IP switch 30 Sync mouse Activates the mouse synchronization process. Choose this option in order to synchronize the local with the remote mouse cursor. This is especially necessary when using accelerated mouse settings on the host system. In general, there is no need to change mouse settings on the host . Single/Double mous e mod[...]

  • Page 34

    8/16 PS/2 KVM over IP switch 31 If a user has the appropriate permission, he can force the Remote Consoles of all other users to close. No one can open the Remote C onsole at the same time again until this user disables the exclus ive access, or logs off. A change in the access mode is also visibl e in the status line (see Figure 5-8). Figure 5-8. [...]

  • Page 35

    8/16 PS/2 KVM over IP switch 32 Warning This method takes more time than t he fast one and requires a correctly adjusted picture. Use the auto adjustment function or the manual correction in the Video Settings panel to setup the picture. • Local Cursor Offers a list of different cursor shapes to c hoose from for the local mouse pointer. The selec[...]

  • Page 36

    8/16 PS/2 KVM over IP switch 33 (depending on the quality of t he video input signal). All in all the default setting should be suitable for most situations. Video Settings through the remote console Figure 5-11. Video Settings Panel Brightness Controls the bright ness of the picture Contrast Controls the contra st of the picture Clock Defines the [...]

  • Page 37

    8/16 PS/2 KVM over IP switch 34 Save changes Save changes permanently Undo Changes Restore last settings Soft Keyboard Figure 5-12. Soft Keyboard Opens up the Menu for the Soft-Keyboard. • Show Pops up the Soft-Keyboard. The Soft-Key board is necessary in case your host system runs a completely different language and country mapping than your adm[...]

  • Page 38

    8/16 PS/2 KVM over IP switch 35 • Local Key board Used to change the language mappi ng of your browser mach ine running the Remote Console Applet. Normally, the applet determines the correct value automatically. However, depending on your particular JVM and your browser settings this is not always possible. A typical example is a German localized[...]

  • Page 39

    8/16 PS/2 KVM over IP switch 36 6. Menu Options 6.1 Remote Control 6.1.1 KVM Console Figure 6-1. KVM Console To open the KVM console, either clicks on the menu entry on the left, or on the console picture on the right. To refresh the pi cture, click on the button “Refresh“. For the power settings see the Section called Remote Power . 6.1.2 T el[...]

  • Page 40

    8/16 PS/2 KVM over IP switch 37 terminal or an according emulation, it is even possible to perform a console redirection as long as the PS/2 IP-KVM switch host machi ne is using a text mode screen resolution. Connecting to the PS/2 IP-KVM s witch is done as usual and as required by the Telnet client, for instance in a UNIX shell: telnet 192.168.1.2[...]

  • Page 41

    8/16 PS/2 KVM over IP switch 38 6.2 User Management 6.2.1 Change Password Figure 6-12. Set password To change your password, ent er the new password in the upper entry field. Retype the password in the filed below. Click “Apply” to submit your changes. 6.2.2 Users And Group s Figure 6-13. Set User[...]

  • Page 42

    8/16 PS/2 KVM over IP switch 39 The PS/2 IP-KVM switch come s with 2 pre-configured user accounts that have fixed permissions. The account super has all possible rights to configure the device and to use all functions PS/2 IP-KVM switch offers. The account “user” has only the permission to open and use the Remote Console. Even his user name and[...]

  • Page 43

    8/16 PS/2 KVM over IP switch 40 User select box This selection box displays the user ID for which the values are shown and for which the changes will take effect. You may change the se ttings of other users if you have the necessary access rights. Transmission Encoding The Transmission Encoding setting allows c hanging the image-encoding algorithm [...]

  • Page 44

    8/16 PS/2 KVM over IP switch 41 Remote Console Type Specifies, which Remote Console Viewer to use. Default Java-VM Uses the default Java Virtual Machine of your Browser. This may be the Microsoft JVM for the Internet Ex plorer, or the Sun JVM if it is configured this way. Use of the Sun JVM may also be forced (see below). Sun Microsystems Java Brow[...]

  • Page 45

    8/16 PS/2 KVM over IP switch 42 [confirm] <keycode>[+|-[*]<keycode>]* “confirm” requests confirmation by a dialog box before the key strokes will be sent to the remote host. “keycode” is the key to be sent. Multiple ke y codes can be concatenated with a plus, or a minus sign. The plus sign builds key combi nations, all keys will[...]

  • Page 46

    8/16 PS/2 KVM over IP switch 43 PS/2 Key board Model Enables a certain keyboard la yout. You can choose between “Generic 101-Key PC” for a standard keyboard layout, “Generic 104-Ke y PC” for a standard keyboard layout extendend by three additional windows keys, “Gener ic 106-Key PC” for a japanese keyboard, and “Apple Macintosh” for[...]

  • Page 47

    8/16 PS/2 KVM over IP switch 44 display, but small changes in some display regions may not be recognized immediately. A small filter displays all changes instant ly but may lead to a constant amount of network traffic even if the display content is not really changing (depending on the quality of the video input signal). All in all the default sett[...]

  • Page 48

    8/16 PS/2 KVM over IP switch 45 IP auto configuration With this option you can control if the PS/2 IP-KVM switch should fetch its network settings from a DHCP or BOOTP server. Fo r DHCP, select “dhcp” , and for BOOTP select “bootp” accordingly. If you choose“no ne” then IP auto configuration is disabled. IP address IP address in the usu[...]

  • Page 49

    8/16 PS/2 KVM over IP switch 46 6.4.2 Dynamic DNS Figure 6-20. Dynamic DNS A freely available Dynamic DNS service (dy ndns.org) can be used in the following scenario (see Figure 6-21): Figure 6-21. Dynamic DNS Scenario The PS/2 IP-KVM switch is r eachable via the IP address of the DSL router, which is dynamically assigned by the provider. Since the[...]

  • Page 50

    8/16 PS/2 KVM over IP switch 47 together with the hostname is needed in order to determine the IP address of the registered PS/2 IP-KVM switch. You have to perform the following steps in order to enable Dynamic DNS: • Make sure that the LAN interface of the PS/2 IP-KVM switch is properly configured. • Enter the Dynamic DNS Settings configuratio[...]

  • Page 51

    8/16 PS/2 KVM over IP switch 48 6.4.3 Security Figure 6-22. Device Security Force HTTPS If this option is enabled access to the w eb front-end is only possible using an HTTP S connection. The PS/2 IP-KVM switch will not listen on the HTTP port for incoming connections. In case you want to create your own SSL ce rtificate that is us ed to identify t[...]

  • Page 52

    8/16 PS/2 KVM over IP switch 49 6.4.4 Certificate Figure 6-23. Certificate Settings The PS/2 IP-KVM switch uses the Secure So cket Layer (SSL) protocol for any encrypted network traffic between itself and a connected client. During the connection establishment the PS/2 IP-KVM switch has to expose its identity to a client using a cryptographic certi[...]

  • Page 53

    8/16 PS/2 KVM over IP switch 50 Figure 6-24. SSL Certificate Upload After completing these three steps, the PS/2 IP- KVM switch has its own certificate that is used for identifying the card to its clients. Warning If you destroy the CSR on the PS/2 IP-KVM s witch there is no way to get it back! In case you deleted it by mistake, you have to repeat [...]

  • Page 54

    8/16 PS/2 KVM over IP switch 51 State/Province The state or province where the organization is located. Country (ISO code) The country where the organization is located. Th is is the two-letter ISO code, e.g. DE for Germany, or US for the USA. Challenge Password Some certification authorit ies require a challenge passw ord to authorize later change[...]

  • Page 55

    8/16 PS/2 KVM over IP switch 52 Configurat ion or console login Do not use the serial port for any special func tion, use it only for t he initial configuration (see Table 4-1). Modem The PS/2 IP-KVM switch offers remote ac cess using a telephone line in addition to the standard access over the built -in Ethernet adapter. The modem needs to be conn[...]

  • Page 56

    8/16 PS/2 KVM over IP switch 53 Passthrough access to serial port via Telnet Using this option, it is possi ble to connect an arbitrary device to the serial port and access it (assuming it provides terminal support) via Te lnet. Select the appropriate options for the serial port and use the Telnet Console, or a standard Telnet client to connect to [...]

  • Page 57

    8/16 PS/2 KVM over IP switch 54 6.4.7 Event Log Figure 6-29. Event Log Important events like a login failure or a firm ware update are logged to a selection of logging destinations (see Figure 6-29). Each of those events belongs to an event group, which can be activated separately. The common way to log events is to use the inte rnal log list of th[...]

  • Page 58

    8/16 PS/2 KVM over IP switch 55 the NFS share will be mount ed immediately. That means, the NFS share and the NFS server must be filled with valid sour ces or you will get an error message. SMTP Logging enabled With this option, the PS/2 IP -KVM switch is able to send Emails to an address given by the Email address text field in the Event L og Sett[...]

  • Page 59

    8/16 PS/2 KVM over IP switch 56 6.5 Maintena nce 6.5.1 Device Information Figure 6-31. Device Information Board Summary This section contains a summary with various information about this IP-KVM and it’s current firmware and allows you to reset the card. Y ou may have a look at Figure 6-31 for an example. The Data file for support allows you to d[...]

  • Page 60

    8/16 PS/2 KVM over IP switch 57 Figure 6-32 displays the IP-KVM activity. From left to right the connected user(s), its IP address (from which host the user comes from) and its activity status is displayed. RC means that the Remote Console is open. If the Remote Console is opened in exclusive mode the term (exclusive mode) is added. For more inform[...]

  • Page 61

    8/16 PS/2 KVM over IP switch 58 6.5.3 Up date Firmw are Figure 6-33. Update Firmware The PS/2 IP-KVM switch is a complete standalo ne computer. The softwar e it runs is called the firmware. The firmware of the PS/2 IP-KVM switch can be updated remotely in order t o install new functionality or special features. A new firmware update is a binary fil[...]

  • Page 62

    8/16 PS/2 KVM over IP switch 59 Warning This process is not reversible and might take some minutes. Make sure the PS/2 IP-KVM switch 's power supply will not be interrupted during the update process, because this may cause an unusable card. • Thirdly, after the firmware has been stored, the panel will r equest you to reset the PS/2 IP-KVM sw[...]

  • Page 63

    8/16 PS/2 KVM over IP switch 60 IP-KVM functionality click on the button Reset as displayed in Figure 6-34. 7. T roubleshooting 1. Ensure that all cables are well seated. Label all of cables with the number for each respective computer to avoid confusion. 2. The recommended VGA cable of PC port dist anc e is 5 meters maximum without ghosting and de[...]

  • Page 64

    8/16 PS/2 KVM over IP switch 61 configured to accept cookies. 12. The Remote Console window can’t connect to PS/2 IP-KVM switch. Possibly a firewall prevents access to the Remote Console. Make sure the TCP port num bers 443 or 80 are open for incoming TCP connection establishments. 13. No connection can be established to PS/2 IP-KVM switch. Check[...]

  • Page 65

    Single port PS/2 KVM over IP A. Pin Assignments A.1 VGA HD-15 A.2 RJ 45 Connector Ethernet[...]

  • Page 66

    Single port PS/2 KVM over IP A.3 RJ 45 Connector ISDN A.4 Serial SUB-D 9 Connector 1 A.5 KVM 15 pin connector[...]

  • Page 67

    Single port PS/2 KVM over IP B. Key Codes Table C.1 shows the key codes used to defines keystrokes or hotkeys for several functions. Please note that these key codes do not represent necessarily ke y characters that are used on international keyboards. They name a key on a standard 104 key PC keyboard with an US English language mapping. The layout[...]

  • Page 68

    Single port PS/2 KVM over IP F1 F2 F3 F4 F5 F6 F7 F8 F9 F10 F11 F12 PRINTSCREEN SCROLL LOCK BREAK INSERT HOME PAGE UP DELETE END PAGE DOWN UP LEFT DOWN RIGHT NUM LOCK NUMPAD0 NUMPAD1 NUMPAD2 NUMPAD3 NUMPAD4 NUMPAD5 NUMPAD6 NUMPAD7 NUMPAD8 NUMPAD9 NUMPADPLUS,NUMPAD PLUS NUMPAD/ NUMPADMUL,NUMPAD MUL NUMPADMINUS,NUMPAD MINUS NUMPADENTER WINDOWS MENU T[...]

  • Page 69

    Single port PS/2 KVM over IP C. Video Modes Table B.1 lists the video modes PS/2 IP-KVM switch supports. Please don ’t use other custom video settings besides of these. If done so, PS/2 IP-KVM switch may not be able to detect them. Resolution (x, y) Refresh Rates (Hz) 640 x 350 70, 85 640 x 400 56, 70, 85 640 x 480 60, 67, 72, 75, 85, 90, 100, 12[...]