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Lincoln Electric D1.8 manuel d'utilisation

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Table des matières du manuel d’utilisation

  • Page 1

    D1.8 Seismic Supplement W elding Manual A General Over view of A WS D1.8 Structural W elding Code - Seismic Supplement www .lincolnelectric.com Structural Welding Code Seismic Supplement[...]

  • Page 2

    2 D1.8 Seismic Supplement Welding Manual www .lincolnelectric.com Introduction Lincoln Electric, the worldwide leader in welding equipment and consumables, is proud to present this manual to the American Welding Society’ s D1.8 Seismic Supplement. Because welding is essential in the construction of the vast majority of buildings, innovative weldi[...]

  • Page 3

    D1.8 Seismic Supplement Welding Manual www .lincolnelectric.com 3 Customer Assistance P olicy The Lincoln Electric Company sells welding consumables and related equipment. On occasion, purchasers may ask the Company for advice or information about the use of these products. As a customer accommodation, our emplo yees respond without charge based on[...]

  • Page 4

    4 D1.8 Seismic Supplement Welding Manual www .lincolnelectric.com Background In January 1994, the Northridge, California earthquake caused unexpected dama ge to a number of welded steel-framed buildings in the greater Los Angeles area. The Federal Emergenc y Mana gement Agency (FEMA) funded a variety of investigations that sought to address both th[...]

  • Page 5

    D1.8 Seismic Supplement Welding Manual www .lincolnelectric.com 5 The provisions within FEMA 353 were not binding but did become mandator y when incorporated into Contract Documents. While the FEMA recommendations were being drafted, the American Institute of Steel Construction (AISC) and the American Welding Society (A WS) began to evaluate their [...]

  • Page 6

    6 D1.8 Seismic Supplement Welding Manual www .lincolnelectric.com The Purpose and Use of This Manual This manual has been prepared by The Lincoln Electric Company to assist our customers in complying with the requirements of AWS D1.8. Additionally , a summar y of important provisions is inc luded to assist engineers, steel detailers and inspectors.[...]

  • Page 7

    D1.8 Seismic Supplement Welding Manual www .lincolnelectric.com 7 The AISC’ s Prequalified Connections document prescribes prequalified structural connections (beam-to-column connections, for example, not to be confused with AWS prequalified welding procedure specifications, or with prequalified joint details). As part of connection prequali[...]

  • Page 8

    8 D1.8 Seismic Supplement Welding Manual www .lincolnelectric.com Over view of D1.8 Content FEMA 353 identified a variety of factors that made the pre-Northridge connection “…inherently susceptible to brittle fracture...” and then listed variables that can be grouped into the broad ca tegories of overall structural design, connection design,[...]

  • Page 9

    D1.8 Seismic Supplement Welding Manual www .lincolnelectric.com 9 The seismic load resisting system (SLRS) has been renamed as seismic force resisting system (SFRS) to be consistent with terminology as revised in AISC seismic provisions and is “the assembly of structural elements in the building that resists seismic loads.” These are the speci?[...]

  • Page 10

    10 D1.8 Seismic Supplement Welding Manual www .lincolnelectric.com Differences between FEMA 353 and AWS D1.8 As was previously mentioned, much of D1.8 was based upon recommendations contained within FEMA 353. However , differences between the two documents exist. In many cases, FEMA 353 recommenda tions are not contained in D1.8, but rather reside [...]

  • Page 11

    D1.8 Seismic Supplement Welding Manual www .lincolnelectric.com 11 Significant revisions in the second edition are listed below . F or more revisions please see pages vii-viii in the AWS D1.8/D1.8M:2009.   Figures 4.1 and 4.2 – New figures added to illustrate detail of the transition of butt joints for unequal thicknesses.   Subclau[...]

  • Page 12

    12 D1.8 Seismic Supplement Welding Manual www .lincolnelectric.com Structural Detailers T able 2 provides a list of references to specific D1.8 code provisions of particular interest to the structural detailer: Fabricators and Erectors Much of D1.8 is directed to the Contractor performing the welding. The various provisions directed to ward the Co[...]

  • Page 13

    D1.8 Seismic Supplement Welding Manual www .lincolnelectric.com 13 a) the weld is Demand Critical; and b) the weld joins the beam bottom flange to a column flange; and c) the weld must be made through a weld access hole in the beam web. As mentioned above, the qualification of welders in accordance with Annex D is only required when all three of[...]

  • Page 14

    14 D1.8 Seismic Supplement Welding Manual www .lincolnelectric.com Welding Procedure Specifications (WPSs) A welding procedure specification is “a document providing the required welding variables for a specific application to assure repea tability by properly trained welders and welding operators” according to A WS A3.0 Standard T erms and [...]

  • Page 15

    D1.8 Seismic Supplement Welding Manual www .lincolnelectric.com 15 From a practical perspective, it is expected tha t most contractors doing D1.8 work will use the same filler metals for both Demand Critical welds and other welds that are part of the seismic force resisting system. The effort required to segregate the different filler metals for [...]

  • Page 16

    16 D1.8 Seismic Supplement Welding Manual www .lincolnelectric.com Cooling rates are a function of several variables, including heat input. High hea t input levels result in slower cooling rates, whereas lo w heat input levels increase cooling rates. D1.8 requires that the filler metals to be used in production first be evaluated in tests run a t[...]

  • Page 17

    D1.8 Seismic Supplement Welding Manual www .lincolnelectric.com 17 For FCA W-G and FCA W-S electrodes used to make Demand Critical welds, exposure of the filler metal after it has been removed from protective packaging is required to be controlled. In the absence of test da ta indicating otherwise, exposure is limited to 72 hours. T ests can be pe[...]

  • Page 18

    18 D1.8 Seismic Supplement Welding Manual www .lincolnelectric.com Inspectors The Inspector’ s role with respect to D1.8 is no different than the role as defined by A WS D1.1, namely to ensure that materials and workmanship meet the requirements of the code and contract documents. This is done by performing inspection as necessary prior to assem[...]

  • Page 19

    D1.8 Seismic Supplement Welding Manual www .lincolnelectric.com 19 References 1. Federal Emergency Management Agency , Jul y 2000, Recommended Specifications and Quality Assurance Guidelines f or Steel Moment - Frame Construction for Seismic Applica tions (FEMA 353), FEMA, W ashington, D.C. 2. American Welding Society , 2005, Structural Welding Co[...]

  • Page 20

    20 D1.8 Seismic Supplement Welding Manual www .lincolnelectric.com Lincoln Electric Products The Lincoln Electric Company offers a broad range of filler metals capable of meeting the requirements of AWS D1.8 Seismic Welding Supplement. Whether your choice of welding process is SMAW , FCAW -S, FCAW -G, GMAW , GMA W-C or SA W , Lincoln manufactures [...]

  • Page 21

    D1.8 Seismic Supplement Welding Manual www .lincolnelectric.com 21 The requirements for Demand Critical welds are the most rigorous. Filler metals that meet D1.8 requirements for Demand Critical welds will automatically meet all the requirements for welds that are on the SFRS but not Demand Critical. For consistenc y and simplicity , Lincoln Electr[...]

  • Page 22

    22 D1.8 Seismic Supplement Welding Manual www .lincolnelectric.com Exposure T esting: Lincoln Electric Approved Filler Metal per AWS D1.8/D1.8M:2009, Subc lause 6.1.3 T ABLE 3: HEA T INPUT LIMITS FOR DEMAND CRITICAL WELDS Product Name Diameters Av ailable High Heat Input inches avg. Low Heat Input inches avg. Exposure Time @ 80°F / 80% Relative Hu[...]

  • Page 23

    D1.8 Seismic Supplement Welding Manual www .lincolnelectric.com 23 T ABLE 3: HEA T INPUT LIMITS FOR DEMAND CRITICAL WELDS (cont’d) Product Name Diameters Av ailable (in) High Heat Input mm(in.) avg. Low Heat Input mm (in.) avg. Exposure Time @ 80°F / 80% Relative Humidity Filler Metal with 70 ksi Minimum T ensile Strength Requirement per AWS Sup[...]

  • Page 24

    24 D1.8 Seismic Supplement Welding Manual www .lincolnelectric.com Appendices The following appendices reference the required documenta tion required to support the use of suggested Lincoln Electric products for D1.8 Demand Critical applications. Check with your Lincoln Electric sales representative, authorized distributor or the Lincoln Electric w[...]

  • Page 25

    D1.8 Seismic Supplement Welding Manual www .lincolnelectric.com 25 Appendix A: D1.8 Certifications Additional Certificates Av ailable Online AWS D1.8 mandates a series of tests that must be performed before various filler metals can be used to make Demand Critical welds. While A WS D 1.8 p ermi ts th ese tests to be pe rfor med b y fa bricat ors[...]

  • Page 26

    26 D1.8 Seismic Supplement Welding Manual www .lincolnelectric.com T ABLE 4: D.18 APPROVED PRODUCTS WITH CERTIFICA TES A V AILABLE Product Name AWS Classification Diameters Av ailable (in.) Self-Shielded, Flux-Cored Wire Innershield ® NR-232 AWS E71T -8-H16 0.068, 0.072, 5/64 Innershield ® NR-233 AWS E71T -8-H16 0.072, 1/16, 5/64 Innershield ® [...]

  • Page 27

    D1.8 Seismic Supplement Welding Manual www .lincolnelectric.com 27 MEETS ALL REQUIREMENTS OF A WS D1.8:2009[...]

  • Page 28

    28 D1.8 Seismic Supplement Welding Manual www .lincolnelectric.com MEETS ALL REQUIREMENTS OF A WS D1.8:2009[...]

  • Page 29

    D1.8 Seismic Supplement Welding Manual www .lincolnelectric.com 29 MEETS ALL REQUIREMENTS OF A WS D1.8:2009[...]

  • Page 30

    30 D1.8 Seismic Supplement Welding Manual www .lincolnelectric.com MEETS ALL REQUIREMENTS OF A WS D1.8:2009[...]

  • Page 31

    D1.8 Seismic Supplement Welding Manual www .lincolnelectric.com 31 MEETS ALL REQUIREMENTS OF A WS D1.8:2009[...]

  • Page 32

    32 D1.8 Seismic Supplement Welding Manual www .lincolnelectric.com MEETS ALL REQUIREMENTS OF A WS D1.8:2009[...]

  • Page 33

    D1.8 Seismic Supplement Welding Manual www .lincolnelectric.com 33 MEETS ALL REQUIREMENTS OF A WS D1.8:2009[...]

  • Page 34

    34 D1.8 Seismic Supplement Welding Manual www .lincolnelectric.com MEETS ALL REQUIREMENTS OF A WS D1.8:2009[...]

  • Page 35

    D1.8 Seismic Supplement Welding Manual www .lincolnelectric.com 35 MEETS ALL REQUIREMENTS OF A WS D1.8:2009[...]

  • Page 36

    36 D1.8 Seismic Supplement Welding Manual www .lincolnelectric.com MEETS ALL REQUIREMENTS OF A WS D1.8:2009[...]

  • Page 37

    D1.8 Seismic Supplement Welding Manual www .lincolnelectric.com 37 MEETS ALL REQUIREMENTS OF A WS D1.8:2009[...]

  • Page 38

    38 D1.8 Seismic Supplement Welding Manual www .lincolnelectric.com MEETS ALL REQUIREMENTS OF A WS D1.8:2009[...]

  • Page 39

    D1.8 Seismic Supplement Welding Manual www .lincolnelectric.com 39 MEETS ALL REQUIREMENTS OF A WS D1.8:2009[...]

  • Page 40

    40 D1.8 Seismic Supplement Welding Manual www .lincolnelectric.com Appendix B: Intermix T esting When FCAW -S is intermixed with welds made by processes other than FCAW -S, the intermixed zone must be tested in accordance with Annex B of AWS D1.8. This testing can be performed by the filler metal manufacturer , the customer , or by a third party .[...]

  • Page 41

    D1.8 Seismic Supplement Welding Manual www .lincolnelectric.com 41[...]

  • Page 42

    42 D1.8 Seismic Supplement Welding Manual www .lincolnelectric.com Appendix C: Alternative T o Production Lot T esting As an alternative to certification by test of ever y production lot made, D1.8 allows an alterna tive means for a manufacturer to demonstrate that products are manufactured consistently and capable of achieving the required weld m[...]

  • Page 43

    D1.8 Seismic Supplement Welding Manual www .lincolnelectric.com 43[...]

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    44 D1.8 Seismic Supplement Welding Manual www .lincolnelectric.com[...]

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    D1.8 Seismic Supplement Welding Manual www .lincolnelectric.com 45 NO TES[...]

  • Page 46

    46 D1.8 Seismic Supplement Welding Manual www .lincolnelectric.com ALABAMA BIRMINGHAM 35124-1133 (205) 988-8232 DOTHAN 36303-5533 (334) 782-1074 JACKSON 39212-9635 (601) 506-4598 MOBILE 36527-5323 (251) 377-8574 ALASKA Contact VANCOUVER, WA (360) 693-4712 ARIZONA PHOENIX 85260-1745 (480) 348-2004 ARKANSAS LITTLE ROCK 72032-4371 (501) 764-0480 CALIF[...]

  • Page 47

    D1.8 Seismic Supplement Welding Manual www .lincolnelectric.com 47 LA TIN AMERICA Miami, Florida U.S.A. Phone: (305) 888-3203 SOUTH AMERICA Sao Paulo, Brazil Phone: 011 55 11 2431 4703 EUROPE Barcelona, Spain Phone: 34 91 816 4266 RUSSIA, AFRICA & MIDDLE EAST Cleveland, OH U.S.A. Phone: (216) 481-8100 ASIA P ACIFIC Shanghai, China Phone: 86 21 [...]

  • Page 48

    THE LINCOLN ELECTRIC COMP ANY 22801 St. Clair Avenue • Cleveland, OH • 44117-1199 • U.S.A. Phone: +1.216.481.8100 • www.lincolnelectric.com C1.65 10/2010 © Lincoln Global, Inc. All Rights Reserved. Printed in the U.S.A.[...]