Polaris 700 IQ manuel d'utilisation

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For your nearest P olaris dealer , call 1-800-POL ARIS or visit www .polarisindustries.com Polaris Sales Inc., 2100 Hwy . 55, Medina, MN 55340 Phone 1-888-704-5290 Part No. 9921065 Rev 01 Printed in USA P antone 425C[...]

WARNING Read, understand, and follow all of the in structions and safe ty precau tions in this manual and on all product labels. F ailure to follow the safety precautions could result in serious injury or death . WARNING The engine exhaust from this product co ntains chemicals known to th e State of California to cau se cancer , birth defects or ot[...]

1 WELCOME Thank you for purchasin g a Polaris vehicle, and welcome to our world- wide family of Polaris enthusiasts. Be sure to visit us online at www .polarisindustries.com for the la test news, new product introduc- tions, upcoming events, car eer opportunities and more. Here at Polaris we proudly produce an exciting line of utility and recre- at[...]

2 POLARIS and POLARIS TH E W A Y OU T are registered trademarks of Polaris Indus- tries Inc. RIDER SELECT is a trademark of Polaris Industries Inc. Copyright 2007 Polaris Sales Inc. All inform ation contained within this publication is based on the latest product information at th e time of publication. Due to constant improvements in the design an[...]

3 T ABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 This section contains helpful info rmation for own ers and drivers and illustrates the location of important identification numbers that should be recorded in the owner's manual. Safety . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8[...]

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5 INTRODUCTION Important Notes for Owners and Drivers After reading this manual, store it in the snowmobile for convenient ref- erence. It should remain with the snowmobile when th e snowmobile is sold. Some of the illustrations and photos used in this manual are general rep- resentations. Y our model may differ . Follow the maintenance program out[...]

6 INTRODUCTION Preservation of the Environment Polaris is committed to supporting an environmental education cam- paign. W e encourage state and provin cial governments acros s the snow- belt to adopt rigorous safety traini ng programs that encourage protection of our environment, includ ing wildlife and vegetation. Snowmobile clubs and o ther orga[...]

7 INTRODUCTION V ehicle Identification Numbers Record your snowmobile 's identification numbers and key number in the spaces provided. Remove the spare key and store it in a safe place. Y our key can be duplicated only by mating a Polari s key blank with one of your existing keys, so if both keys are lost, the ignition switch must be replaced.[...]

8 SAFETY Operator Safety The following signal words and symbol s appear throughout th is manual and on your vehicle. Y our safety is involved when these words and sym- bols are used. Become familiar with their meanings before reading the manual. The safe ty alert symbol , on your vehicle or in this manual, ale rts you to the potential for injury . [...]

9 SAFETY Operator Safety Follow the recommended mainte nance program beginning on page 90 of this manual to ensure that all critical components on the snowmobile are thoroughly inspected by your d ealer at specific mileage intervals. WAR N I NG Driving a snowmobile requires your full attention. DO NOT drink alcohol or use drugs or medications befor[...]

10 SAFETY Operator Safety Stay Clear of T rack Y our snowmobile is propelled by a revo lving track that must be part ially exposed for proper operation. Stay Clear of Engine Never attempt adjustments with the en gine running . T urn off the ig ni- tion, raise the hood, make the adju stment, secure shields and guards, secure the hood, and then resta[...]

11 SAFETY Operator Safety Riding Apparel Be prepared, be warm and b e com- fortable when riding. Be aware of the weather forecast, especially the windchill, and dress accordingly . See the chart on page 22. Helmet W earing a helmet can prevent a sever e head injury . Whenever riding a Polaris vehicle, always wear a helmet that meets or exceeds esta[...]

12 SAFETY Operator Safety Disabled Operators Safe operation of this rider -active vehi cle requires good judgement and physical skills. Operators with cognitiv e or physical disabilities have an increased risk of loss of control, wh ich could result in serious injury or death. Survival Preparation For your safety , always ride in a group of other s[...]

13 SAFETY Operator Safety Rider Capacity Driving 1-Up - Some Polaris snowmobiles are designed for a single rider only . A dec al on the console of these mode ls indicates single rider operation. Driving 2-Up - Some Polaris snowmobiles are designed for up to two riders. A decal on the hood of these models indicates that the vehicle is designed for o[...]

14 SAFETY Operator Safety Driver Awareness Slow down when traveling near poles, posts, or other obstacles. Be especially alert if you're snow mobiling after dark. Always be on the alert for wire fences. Single strands are especially dangerous, since there may be a great distance between posts. Guy wires on utility poles are also difficult to d[...]

15 SAFETY Operator Safety Avalanches Snowmobilers should always be properl y trained and equipped before traveling in mountainous terrain: • T ake an av alanche clas s • T ravel with experienced people • T ravel on designated trails • Make sure each person is equipped with a shovel, probe and avalanche beacon. Y ou don't have to be sno[...]

16 SAFETY Operator Safety Ice and Snow Build-up Before driving, manually tu rn the skis to the left and right to be sure ice and snow are not interfering with full left and right steering. If dif ficulty is encountered, remove ice and snow build-up that may be obstru cting the steering linkage. NOTE: If your snowmobile is equipped with RIDER SELE C[...]

17 SAFETY Operator Safety Driving Downhill When riding downhill, shift your weig ht to the rear of the machine and reduce your speed to a minimum. Appl y just enough throttle to keep the clutch engaged, allow ing the engine 's compression to help slow the machine and keep it fro m rolling freely downhill. WAR N I NG When driving on long downhi[...]

18 SAFETY Operator Safety Driving in Hilly T errain Use extra caution when operating in hilly terrain. If climbing a hill is unavoidable, keep your weight low and forward. If you must cross the face of a slope, keep your weight on the uphill side of the machine to maintain proper balance and av oid possible roll-over . Slow down when reaching the c[...]

19 SAFETY Operator Safety Drive Belt Do not operate the engine wi th the drive belt removed. Any servicing that requires op eration without a belt mu st be performed by your dealer . Operation of the engine with the belt removed may result in injury or damage to the engine. Intake Silencer Do not operate the engine with the intake silencer or filte[...]

20 SAFETY Operator Safety Inadequate Snow Conditions Since snow provides the only lubrica tion for the power slide suspension and, on liquid cooled mo dels, coo ling for the engine, adequate snow cover is a requirement for operation of your machine. Driving in too li t- tle snow will result in excessive wea r and damage to the slide rail, track and[...]

21 SAFETY Operator Safety Driving Responsibly Every snowmobile handles differently , and even the most docile condi- tions may become dangerous if oper ators drive improperly . If you're new to snowmobiling, acquaint your self with the machine and with what it will and won't do under va rious conditions. Even seasoned driv- ers should spe[...]

22 SAFETY Operator Safety Windchill/T emperature Charts The following informatio n is provided to help you d etermine when tem- peratures become da ngerous for riding. WINDCHILL CHART ( _ F) WINDCHILL CHART ( _ C) Wind Speed in MPH Actual Thermometer Reading ( _ F) 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 -5 -10 -15 -20 -25 -30 -35 -40 -45 Equivalent T emperature [...]

23 SAFETY Safety Decals and Locations W arning decals have been placed on the snowmobile for your p rotec- tion. Read and follow the instructions of the deca ls and other warnings on the snowmobile carefully . If a ny of the decals depicted in this manual differ from the decals on your snow mobile, always read and follow the instructions of the dec[...]

24 SAFETY Safety Decals and Locations “No P assenger” Wa rning Snowmobiles design ed for a single rider only have the NO P A SSENGER warning decal on the lower left side of the console: WARNING This vehicle is designed for operator only . NO P AS SENGER “One P assenger” Warning Snowmobiles designed for an operator and one passenger have the[...]

25 SAFETY Safety Decals and Locations Reverse Warning The reverse warning de cal is located on the console, either beside the steering post or below the windshield: WARNING Reverse operation, even at low speeds , can cause loss of control resu lting in serious injury or death. T o avoid loss of control, always: • Look behind before and while back[...]

26 SAFETY Safety Decals and Locations Operation W arning • T o avoid serious injury or death, read and unde rstand all warnings and the Owner's Manual before oper ation. If manu al is missing, con- tact a Polaris dealer for a replac ement. • This vehicle is capable of high speed s. Buried objects or uneven terrain can cause lo ss of contro[...]

27 FEA TURES Not all models are equipped with all features shown. 9 18 5 6 7 17 16 2 1 3 4 15 14 12 11 13 8 10 600 IQ T ouring Shown 1. Nosepan 2. Skis 3. F r ont Bumper (do not use for pulling or dragging the snow- mobile) 4. Hood 5. Headlight 6. Windshield 7. Handlebar 8. M irrors (if equipped) 9. Operator Seat 10. Passenge r Seat (T ouring) 11. [...]

28 FEA TURES Not all models are equipped with all features shown. 1. F uel Filler Cap 2. RIDER SELECT 3. Ignition Switch 4. MFD Gauge 5. Engine Stop Switch 6. Throttle Control 7. Recoil Starter Handle 8. Hood Hold Down Straps 9. Console Storage 10. P arking Brake Lock 11. Handlebar Grip W armer Switch 12. Thumbwarmer Switc h 13. Electronic Reverse [...]

29 FEA TURES RIDER SELECT Adjusta ble Steering System The RIDER SELECT adjustable steering system (if equipped) allows you to adjust the handlebar position to fit your style of riding. Some models have five (5) adjustment positions. Other models have seven (7) positions. Choosing the Best RIDER SELECT Position WAR N I NG If your snowmobile has five[...]

30 FEA TURES RIDER SELECT Adjusta ble Steering System 1. S top the snowmobile. 2. Press the release button and move the handlebar forward or rearward to the desired position. WAR N I NG Attempting to adjust the handlebar positi on while the snowmobile is moving could result in loss of control and serious injury or death. Always stop the snowmobile [...]

31 FEA TURES Cargo Area The maximum weight capacity for the car go area (excep t T ouring) is 15 lbs. (7 kg). Install only accesso- ries specifically approved for this model by Polaris. Always secure cargo befo re operating. Do not exceed the cargo area weight limit. Cargo Bag (T ouring) The cargo bag is secured to the rear of the tunnel with strap[...]

32 FEA TURES Backrest (T ouring) The backrest is adjustable for either operator or passenger use. 1. Loosen the upper adjustment knobs to raise or lower the backrest. 2. Loosen the lower adjustment knobs to move the backrest forward for operator use or rearward for passenger use. 3. Always tighten the knob s securely after adjusting. P assenger Gra[...]

33 FEA TURES Detonation Elimination T echnology (DET) The DET system prevents damage to the engine from deton ation by automatically reducing the engine tim ing and adding fuel whenever the sensors detect detonation. Y ou may notice decreased engine RP M and performance when DET is activated, but in most cases DET activation is temporary , and the [...]

34 FEA TURES Instrumentation MFD Component Identification Digital Display Identification Item 1 Analog (if equipp ed) 2 Digital Gauge 3 CHECK ENGINE Indicator (carb models) 4 Low Oil Indicator 5 High T emp Indicator 6 Brake Indicator 7 Reverse Indicator 8 High Beam Indicator Item 1 RPM or Speed Altitude (if equipp ed) Service Interval 2 Electrical [...]

35 FEA TURES Instrumentation MFD Settings W ith the engine running, use the MFD Control Switch to set the MFD display to your preference. The rocker switch ( + ) has a MODE but- ton (top) and a SET button (bottom). Standard vs. Metric The MFD will display either stan- dard or metric units of measurement. While viewing a screen that displays measure[...]

36 FEA TURES Instrumentation MFD Digital Display Programs Press the MODE button to cycle thro ugh the three MFD programs: Per- formance, Engine and History . Each program will remain in the display until another is selected. NOTE: The analog will always display either MPH or engine RPM (whichev er setting is selected) re gardless of the display pr [...]

37 FEA TURES Instrumentation MFD Digital Display Programs T rip Settings Tr i p 1 a n d Tr i p 2 ar e odometers used to check fuel mileage or to keep track of distance traveled. 1. T o reset a trip odometer to zero, enter the T rip 1 or T rip 2 display . 2. Press and hold the SET button for two seconds. If the snowmobile is equipped with an electro[...]

38 FEA TURES Instrumentation MFD Digital Display Programs Performa nce Program Clock Setting 1. While in the CLOCK display , press and hold the SET button for five seconds. 2. When the hour starts flashing press the SET switch once to advance one hour , or press and hold the SET button to advance the hour once every 0.2 sec onds. 3. Press the MODE [...]

39 FEA TURES Instrumentation MFD Digital Display Programs Engine Prog ram The Engine Program automatically di splays the engine coolant tempera- ture, engine hours, electrical system voltage level and fuel level (if equipped). On machines equipped w ith altimeter sensor and ambient air temperature sensors, altitude and ambi ent air temperature will[...]

40 FEA TURES Instrumentation MFD Digital Display Programs Engine Prog ram Altitude (if equipped) The rider can calibrate th e altimeter for current atmospheric conditions . Altimeter accuracy will be +/-300 ft. (91 m) after adjustment. NOTE: Press and hold the MODE switch for ten seconds to switch betwee n stan- dard and metric units of measu re- m[...]

41 FEA TURES Instrumentation MFD Digital Display Programs History Program The History Program automatically di splays electrical system voltage level and fuel level (if equipped). While in the History mode, press the SET button to view maximum vehicle speed, maximum engine rpm or the current service interval set- ting. The gauge automatically logs [...]

42 FEA TURES Instrumentation MFD Digital Display Programs Service Interval Reminder The gauge logs the number of engine hours between service reminders. When the logged hours reaches the designated service interval (set by the user), the gaug e provides a re minder that service is due. "SErVCE" will flash in the odometer area and "EN[...]

43 FEA TURES Instrumentation MFD Battery Replacement (models with clocks) If the clock function of the MFD isn't working properly , replace the battery . Replacement batteries are available from your dealer . 1. Remove the plenu m from the under- side of the hoo d. 2. Locate the black battery compart- ment. It has a red wire and a brown wire w[...]

44 FEA TURES Instrumentation MFD Battery Replacement (models with clocks) 6. Install a new battery with fingers only . 7. Seal the end of the battery compar tm ent using high stre ngth double- sided tape between the two compar t ment halves or high strength single-sided tape around the outside of th e compartment. 8. Make sure the taped seam of the[...]

45 THE PERFECT FIT F ront Suspension Adjustments Independent F ront Suspension (IFS) Break in the suspension for about 150 miles (240 km) before making any fine-tuning adjustments. Settings will vary from rider to rider , depending on rider weight, vehicle speed, riding style, and trail cond itions. W e recommend starting with factory settings and [...]

46 THE PERFECT FIT F ront Suspension Adjustments Shock Spring Preload Increasing spring preload will increase ski-to-ground pressure. Decreasing spring preload will decrease ski-to-ground pres- sure. When adjusting, be sure the springs on both the l eft and right sides of th e machine are at the same adjustment. T o change fron t shock spring prelo[...]

47 THE PERFECT FIT F ront Suspension Adjustments Shock V alving Some shocks can be revalved if spri ng preload alone isn't suf ficient and further adjustment is desired to cont rol suspension stiffness. Please see your Polaris dealer. WAR N I NG Changing shock valving requires special to ols and a sound knowledge of mechanical theory , tool us[...]

48 THE PERFECT FIT Rear Suspension Adjustments Rider weight, riding style, trail co nditions, and vehicle speed all af fect suspension action. Each rear suspension can be adjusted to suit rider preference and deliver excellent performance for a given set of conditions. However , all sus- pension des igns and adjus tments involve a compromise, or tr[...]

49 THE PERFECT FIT Rear Suspension Adjustments Suspension Performance Tips • Rider weight usually determines th e position at which the spring pre- load should be set. However , this ma y vary with riding style. W ith a little experimentation, each rider can find a preferred setup. These adjustments are easy to make, involv e very little time or [...]

50 THE PERFECT FIT IQ & Switchback Rear Suspension Adjustments Initial Spring Preload Setting (Sag Method) T o set up the rear suspension tor- sion spring preload, measure the distance between the ground and rear bumper . This is measurement X. T ake the first measurement with no rider and with the rear suspension at full extension. NOTE: The r[...]

51 THE PERFECT FIT IQ & Switchback Rear Suspension Adjustments Initial Spring Preload Setting (Sag Method) T o determine sag, common ly referred to as ride-in, subtract measure- ment Y from X (sag=X-Y). If the measu red sag is incorrect, adjust the FRA position and/or rear torsion spring preload. NOTE: This is only an init ial setup, and final [...]

52 THE PERFECT FIT IQ & Switchback Rear Suspension Adjustments T orsion Spring Preload T o adjust rear torsion spring preloa d, rotate the three-position cam using the engine spark p lug tool. Adjust ment is easiest when the cam is rotated from low to medium, and then to high. Rotating directly from low to high will require significantly more e[...]

53 THE PERFECT FIT IQ & Switchback Rear Suspension Adjustments Limiter Strap Posi tion (Ski Pressure) Ski pressure is set at the factory to deliver the optimum balance between ride and handling . If a rider prefers more ski pressure for improved steering performance, adjustments can be made to the front limiter straps. T ighten the straps to in[...]

54 THE PERFECT FIT IQ & Switchback Rear Suspension Adjustments Rear Shock Compression Damping (Pre mium Shocks) T urn the adjustment knob on the shock reservoir to make adjustments to the compression damping. Positions are labeled on the shock. When adjusting, we recommend that you turn the adjuster slightly , then test ride. • T urn the knob[...]

55 THE PERFECT FIT IQ & Switchback Rear Suspension Adjustments Suspension Coupling On all Polaris snowmobile rear suspensi ons, there are two torque arms that control the mo vement of the rail beam. Pr ior to the advent of sus- pension coupling, thes e torque arms could move independently of each other . Rear suspension coupling links the movem[...]

56 THE PERFECT FIT IQ & Switchback Rear Suspension Adjustments Rear T o F ront Coupling and the Rear Rear Scissor Stop (RRS S) The rear rear scissor stop (RRSS) couples the movement of the rear torque arm with the front torque ar m and limits the am ount of in depen- dent movement be tween the rear torque and the front torque arm. Adjusting the[...]

57 THE PERFECT FIT IQ & Switchback Rear Suspension Adjustments W eight T ransfer During Acceleration The preferred method for control- ling weight transfer during accel- eration is by adjusting the rear rear scissor stop (RRSS). The factory setting is the best for most trail riding conditions. T o decrease weight transfer under acceleration (fo[...]

58 THE PERFECT FIT F AST M-10 Rear Su spension Adjustments The M-10 suspension has been design ed to be very sensitive to rider weight. Changes in rider weigh t of 25 lbs. (1 1 kg) or more might require appropriate changes in settings. Th e following information has been compiled to assist you in tuning you r M-10 suspension to its max imum potenti[...]

59 THE PERFECT FIT F AST M-10 Rear Su spension Adjustments Static Sag and Ride Height Settings 1. T o check sag, raise the rear bu mper until the suspension is fully extended (the rear shock will no t extend any further). Measure the distance from the g round to the bo ttom of the bumper (dimension X) as shown in the illustratio n. Record the measu[...]

60 THE PERFECT FIT F AST M-10 Rear Su spension Adjustments M-10 Static Sag and Ride Height Settings FRA Position The FRA setting is the primary rear su spension adjustment . It will have the most effect on the rear suspension performance. T o adjust the FRA: 1. Refer to the initial set-up referenc e chart (page 63) to determine the desired FRA posi[...]

61 THE PERFECT FIT F AST M-10 Rear Su spension Adjustments M-10 Static Sag and Ride Height Settings Rear Spring Preload If FRA position alone does not allow the setup of the pro per amount of sag, the center retainer of the rear track shock can be repla ced with optional retainers to adjust the prel oad and change the sag. See your Polaris dealer f[...]

62 THE PERFECT FIT F AST M-10 Rear Su spension Adjustments Ski Pressure Ski pressure is set at the factory to deliver the optimum balance be tween ride and handling. If a rider prefer s more ski pressure for improved steering performance, adjustments can be made to the front limite r strap and front arm mount. 1. Determine if the rider prefers comf[...]

63 THE PERFECT FIT F AST M-10 Rear Su spension Adjustments Ski Pressure NOTE: By design, the BIASED COUPLE design of the M-10 suspen- sion displaces the rear ar m as the front arm is compressed. This means that when you raise the front limiter strap, at some point you will collapse the rear suspension arm, which will affect SAG height and reduce re[...]

64 THE PERFECT FIT Handlebar Adjustments Use the RIDER SELECT feature to adju st handlebar position. See page 29. Use the following s teps to adjust handlebar angle at the handlebar block. 1. Remove the handlebar cover to expose the handlebar and the four adjuster block bolts. NOTE: If equipped, remove the mountain bar . 2. Using a 7/16" wrenc[...]

65 THE PERFECT FIT Accessories Polaris offers a wide range of accesso ries for your snowmobile to help make each ride more enjoyable. Use only Polaris parts and accessories on your Polaris snowmobile. Use of unapproved parts and accessories may result in: • Non-compliance with government/industry requirements • V oiding of warranty • Injury t[...]

66 THE PERFECT FIT T raction Products Studs Before equipping your machine with traction products, be aware of the laws in your area pertaining to the use of traction products. Use only Polaris traction prod ucts on your snowmobile. Track warran- ties are void if track damage or fa ilure results from improper or exces- sive stud installation or t he[...]

67 THE PERFECT FIT T raction Products n Carbide Skags A skag is a replaceable bar attached to the underside of the ski to assist in turning the snowmob ile and t o prevent ski wear caused by contact with roads and other bare terrain. Use carbide skags with studded tracks to help maintain prop er vehicle steering and control. See page 125 . If your [...]

68 PRE-RIDE INSPECTIONS Pre-Ride Checklist Inspect all items on th e checklist for proper operation or condition before each use of the snowmobile. Pr ocedures are outlined on the refer- enced pages. Look for a checkmark ( n ) on the referenced pages to locate the pre-ride inspection items. Item See P age Drive Belt Condi tion 114 Steering System 7[...]

69 PRE-RIDE INSPECTIONS Before Starting the Engine Before starting the engine, always re fer to all safety warnings pertaining to snowmobile operation. Never start the engine without checking all vehicle components to be sure of prop er operation. Read and Understan d Y our Owner's Manual Read the Owner's Manual completely and refer to it[...]

70 PRE-RIDE INSPECTIONS Before Starting the Engine n Brakes Always check the following items fo r proper operation before starting the engine. Brake Lever T ravel Squeeze the brake lever . It should move no closer to the handgrip than 1/2 I (1.3 cm). A smaller distance indicates low brake fluid leve l or air in the hydraulic system. Refer to the br[...]

71 PRE-RIDE INSPECTIONS Before Starting the Engine n P arking Brake Lever Lock Use the parking brake lever lock onl y when you want the machine to remain stationary; for ex ample, when parked on an incline for a period of five minutes or less. 1. Brake Lever 2. Parking Brake Lever Lock 3. Master Cylinder Reser- voir/ Cover 4. Fluid Level Indicator [...]

72 PRE-RIDE INSPECTIONS Before Starting the Engine n Steering System Before driving, manually tu rn the skis to the left and right to be sure ice and snow are not interfering with full left and right steering. If dif ficulty is encountered, remove ice and snow build-up that may be obstru cting the steering linkage. NOTE: If your snowmobile is equip[...]

73 PRE-RIDE INSPECTIONS Before Starting the Engine n Hood Latches The hood of the snowmobile pr otects the operator from moving parts as well as aiding in sound emission con trol and other functions. Under no circumstances should your snowmobile be operated with the hood open or removed. Always ensure that th e hood straps ar e in good condition an[...]

74 PRE-RIDE INSPECTIONS Start the Engine and Check Before starting the engine, always re fer to all safety warnings pertaining to snowmobile operation. Never en gage the starter when the engine is running. Never start the engine with out checking all ve hicle components to be sure of proper operatio n. See Before Starting the Engine beginning on pa[...]

75 OPERA TION Starting the Engine 1. T urn the key to the ON position. 2. Pull the engine stop switc h up to the RUN posi tion. 3. If equipped with electric start, turn the key to ST AR T to crank the engine. Release the key to the ON position when the engine starts. 4. If not equipped with electric s tar t, grasp the starter handle and pull slowly[...]

76 OPERA TION Engine Break-In No single action on your part is as important to long, trouble-free machine life as proper break-in of a new or rebuilt engine. Premix the first tank of fuel with one pint of Polaris injection o il for each five gal- lons of fuel. This, in addition to th e lubrication supplie d by the injection system, will assure prop[...]

77 OPERA TION Engine Break-In Oil Injection System Always check and fill the oil tank when refueling. See page 81. Oil Recommendations This snowmobile is equipped with a variab le exhaust system (VES). Engine lubrication comes from oil ad ded to the fuel and oil injection systems. Polaris recommends the us e of VES II 2 Cycle Oil for this engine. S[...]

78 OPERA TION T rack W arm-Up Follow these steps to ensure proper warm-up of the engine, drive train and track. 1. Use an appropriate stand to securely sup- port the rear of the snowmobile at the rear bumper . The trac k should be about 4 I (10 cm) off the ground. 2. S tart the engine and allow it to warm up two to three minutes. 3. Depress the thr[...]

79 OPERA TION Fu e l WAR N I NG Gasoline is highl y flammable and explosive under certain conditions. • Always exercise extreme caution w henever handling gasoline. • Always refuel outdoors or in a well-ventilated area. • Always turn off the engine before refueling. • Do not overfill the tank. Do not fill the tank neck. • Do not smoke or [...]

80 OPERA TION Fu e l For peak performance, Polaris recomm ends the use of 91 octane or higher fuel. Although 87 octane fuel is usable, some engine perfor- mance will be lost and fuel econ omy will decrease. Do not use lower than 87 octane fuel. Do not use fuel containing mor e than 10% ethanol (including E85). F uel System Deicers If you use non-ox[...]

81 OPERA TION n Oil Low Oil Indicator Light The low oil indicator light will alert th e operator if the oil level is low . V isually check for oil in the bottle. Add oil before further operation of the snowmobile. See page 77 for oi l recommendations. Low Oil Level Maintaining the proper oil level w ill prevent system aeration and possi- ble loss o[...]

82 OPERA TION n Engine Stop Switch Push down on the engine stop switch ( + ) to ground out the ig nition and stop the engine quickly . Pull the switch up to the ON position to allow restarting. n Throttle Safety Switch The throttle safety switch is designed to stop the engi ne whenever all pressure is removed from the throttle lever and the throttl[...]

83 OPERA TION Throttle Lever If the engine stops abruptly when the throttle lever is released: 1. T urn the ignition switch to OF F . 2. V isually inspect the throttle cabl e and carburetor/throttle body to determine what caused the safety switch to activate. 3. T est the throttle lever by compr essing and releasing it several times. The lever and [...]

84 OPERA TION Emergency Stoppi ng The following chart lists methods for stopping the snowmobile in the event of an emergency . See page 82 for more information about the engine stop switch and throttle safety switch. SYSTEM WHA T IT DOES Ignition Switch Interrupts ignition circuit Brake Slows jackshaft Engine Stop Switch Interrupts ignition circuit[...]

85 OPERA TION Electronic Reverse (PERC t ) Electronic reve rse will activate only if the engine RPM is below 4000. WAR N I NG Improper reverse operation, even at low speeds, may cause loss of control, resulting in serious injury or death. Damage will occur to the chaincase or transmission if shifting is attempted w hen the engine is operating above[...]

86 OPERA TION Engaging Reverse 1. S top the snowmobile and leave the engine idling. 2. Make sure the area behind your vehicle is clear . 3. Push the yellow reverse button on the left-hand control for one sec- ond, then release. The engine will automatically reduce RPM and start a reverse rotation. A flashing reverse light on the instrument panel wi[...]

87 OPERA TION Daily Storage At the end of each ride, park the snowmo- bile on a level surface and support it at the rear with an appropriate track stand. The track should be suspended approximately 4 I (10 cm) off the ground. Remove the key and cover the machine. To w i n g Do not use the fr ont bumper to pull or d rag the snowmobile. The front bum[...]

88 MAINTENANCE Emission Control Information Any qualified repair shop or qualifie d person may maintain, replace, or repair the emission control devices or systems on your snowmobile. Emission Control Label Y our snowmobile is equipped at the time of sale with an emission con- trol information (ECI) label and a factory-installed emissions informa- [...]

89 MAINTENANCE Emission Control Information Owner's Responsibilities Please read the Snowmobile Engine Emissions Limited W arranty on page 144, and read th e maintenance section of your o wner's manual. Y ou are responsible for ensuring that the specified maintenance is per- formed, including the emission-rela ted maintenance outlined in [...]

90 MAINTENANCE P olaris Recommended Mainte nance Program T o ensure many trouble-free miles of snowmobiling enjoyment, follow recommended regular maintenance and perform se rvice checks as out- lined in this manual. Record maintenance and service in the Mainte- nance Log begin ning on page 146. The recommended maintenance schedul e on your snowmobi[...]

91 MAINTENANCE P eriodic Maintenance Interval T able The following chart is a guide based on average riding conditions. Y ou may need to increase frequency based on ri ding conditions. When inspection reveals the need for replacement parts , always use genuine Polaris parts, available from your Polaris dealer . I - Inspect (clean, adjust, tighten, [...]

92 MAINTENANCE P eriodic Maintenance Interval T able Item See Pag e Frequency 150 mi. (240 km) 500 mi. (800 km) 1000 mi. (1600 km) 2000 mi. (3200 km) Pre- Season BRAKES Hose Routing -- II II Hose Condition -- II II Fluid Leaks -- II II Brake Pads 108 II II Brake Disc -- II II Parking Brakes 71 II II Brake System 70, 108 I Brake Fluid 109 R FUEL MAN[...]

93 MAINTENANCE P eriodic Maintenance Interval T able I - Inspect (clean, adjust, tighten, lubricate, replace if necessary) C - Clean R - Replace L - Lubricate Item See Pag e Fr eq u e nc y 150 mi. (240 km) 500 mi. (800 km) 1000 mi. (1600 km) 2000 mi. (3200 km) Pre- Season CHASSIS Ski T oe Alignment -- II I Suspension Mounting Bolts -- II I I I Stee[...]

94 MAINTENANCE Lubrication Rear Suspension Lubricate the suspension pivot shafts with Polaris Premium All Season Grease at the intervals outlined in the Periodic Maintenance T able beginning on page 90 and before sea sonal storage. When operating in heavy , wet snow conditions, lubr icate every 500 miles (800 km). Lack of lubrication will adversely[...]

95 MAINTENANCE Lubrication Rear Suspension M-10 128 Rear Suspension M-10 136 Rear Suspension + + + + + + + +[...]

96 MAINTENANCE Lubrication Driveshaft Bearing Inject grease into the fitting on the speedometer sensor housing until grease purges from the seal on the inside of the tunnel. This should take approximately two pump s. Do not use more t han four pumps. Throttle Cable Lubricate the throttle cable lightly with grease or oil. W ith the engine off, turn [...]

97 MAINTENANCE Lubrication n Chaincase Oil Check the chaincase oil leve l at the intervals outlined in the maintenance charts beginning on page 90. The sight glass (1) is located on the lower rear of the chaincase. Maintain the oil level at or slightly below the center of the sight glass (2). Change the chaincase oil a fter the first 500 miles (800[...]

98 MAINTENANCE Lubrication Chaincase Oil Oil Change 1. Position the vehicle on a level surface. 2. Remove the drain plug (4) and drain the oil into a drain pan. Allow the oil to drain completely . 3. Clean off all metal shavings from the plug. 4. Install a new sealing washer on the drain plug. NOTE: The sealing surfaces on the drain plug and the oi[...]

99 MAINTENANCE Spark Plugs A new engine can cause temporary spar k plug fouling du e to the preser- vative added during the assembly p rocess. A void prolonged idle speeds, which cause plug fouling and carbonization. Refer to your Owner's Manual Supplement for the specific spa rk plug to be used in your machine. Change the spark plugs every 20[...]

100 MAINTENANCE Spark Plug Condition Spark plug condition is indicative of engine operation. The spark plug firing end condition sho uld be read after the engine has been warmed up and the vehicle has been driven at higher spe eds. Immediately check the spark plug for correct color . Normal The normal insulator tip is gray , ta n or light brown. Th[...]

101 MAINTENANCE Spark Plug Removal and Replacement 1. Remove the spark plug cap. 2. Using the special wrench provided in the tool pouch, rota te the spark plug counterclockwise to remove. 3. Reverse the procedure fo r spark plug installation. 4. T orque to 18-22 ft . lbs. (24-30 Nm). 5. Reinstall the spark plug cap. Oil Lines Inspect oil line condi[...]

102 MAINTENANCE Intake Filters The intake foam filters limit snow ingestion into the intake system. When operating in loose powder snow , check the foam fil- ters periodically to remove any accumulation of snow . Fu e l P u m p All fuel pump service must be pe rformed by an authorized Polaris dealer . Do not attempt to service the fuel pump. F uel [...]

103 MAINTENANCE Cooling System Coolant The coolant supplied in the system at the factory is a 50/50 mixture of ethylene-glycol and distilled water , which will provide adequate fr eeze protection under most conditions. If the vehicle will be stored or oper- ated at extremely low te mperatures , greater protection m ay be required. Please see your P[...]

104 MAINTENANCE Cooling System Coolant High T emperat ure Indicator Light The high temperature indicator light wi ll illuminate when engine cool- ant temperature becomes too hot for safe continued operation of the engine. If you must drive your mach ine after the high temperature indi- cator light has come on, driv e slowly and stop frequently to a[...]

105 MAINTENANCE Cooling System Bleeding the Cooling System Use of a non-standard pressure cap will not allow the recovery system to function properly . If the pressure cap needs replacement, contact your dealer for the correct part. Perform the blee ding procedure wh en the engine is cold. 1. Position the vehicle so that the top of the tunnel is le[...]

106 MAINTENANCE Exhaust System Check the exhaust system for wear or damage at approx imately 2000 miles (3200 km). Always allow the en gin e and exhaust system to co ol completely before inspecting. 1. Open the hood and inspect the mu ffler and pipes for cracks or dam- age. 2. Check for weak o r missing retaining springs or damper/su pport grommets[...]

107 MAINTENANCE Drive Chain T ension Check drive chain tension weekly and before each long trip. T o obtain correct chain tension: 1. Rotate the driven clutch counter- clockwise to move all chain slack to the tensioner side. Lock the brake lever lock, or have an assistant hold the brake lever firmly . 2. Loosen the adjuster bolt jam nut (1). 3. Fin[...]

108 MAINTENANCE Brakes Hydraulic Brake Inspection Inspect the brake lever reserve before each use of the snowmobile. See page 70. Brake pads must be replaced when the brake pad material becomes thin- ner than the backing pl ate (approximately 1/16 I ). A kit is available for replacing brake pads. S ee your dealer . Brake Components 1. Brake Caliper[...]

109 MAINTENANCE Brakes Brake Fluid The brake fluid level can be seen through a plastic sight glass in the brake reservoir . If the fluid is suffic ient, the sight glass will be black. If the sight glass is any color other than black, add brake fluid. Replace brake fluid at least every two years with Polaris DOT 4 high temperature brake fluid. See p[...]

110 MAINTENANCE Brakes Bleeding the Hydraulic Brake System Air in the hydraulic brak e system will cause spon gy brake lever action. Bleed the system before operating the snowmobile. During the bleeding proc edure, keep the brake handle as level as po ssi- ble. The reservoir must be in this po sition to minimize the possibility of air entering the [...]

111 MAINTENANCE Lights NOTE: Do not touch a halogen bulb with bare fingers. Oil from skin leaves a residue, causin g a hot spot that will shorten the life of the lamp. If fingers do touch the bu lb, clean it with an alcohol- moistened towel. Headlight Bulb Removal 1. Remove the plenu m covering from the headlight assembly . 2. Lift the rubber boot [...]

112 MAINTENANCE Lights T aillight/Brakelight Replacement IQ LX 1. Open the rear storage compartment. 2. Reach into the compartment and locate the socket assembly above the door opening. 3. T urn the sock et counterclockwis e 1/4 turn. 4. Carefully pull the socket as sembly away from the taillight. 5. Install a new bulb. Reinst all the socket assemb[...]

113 MAINTENANCE Clutch System Periodically inspect clutch sheaves for damage, wear or belt residue. T o maintain optimum performance, clean with non-oil based cleaners such as isopropyl alcohol. Clutch Alignment Offset Clutch alignment offset i s import ant for maintaining optimum perfor- mance. See your dealer for service an d adjustments. A speci[...]

114 MAINTENANCE Clutch System n Drive Belt Condition Periodically check the condition an d tension of the drive belt, and always carry a spare. Inspect the belt for signs of excessive wear: frayed edges, missing cogs, cracks and exce ssive looseness. Replace the belt if any of these conditions exist. Se e Drive Belt T roubleshooting on page 136. Al[...]

115 MAINTENANCE Clutch System n Drive Belt Deflection Measure belt deflection with both clutches at rest and in their full neutral position. Place a straight edge (1) on the belt and apply downward pressure while measuring at point 2. This measurement should b e 1 1/4 I (3.2 cm). Drive Belt Adjustment 1. Install the L-wrench into the open threaded [...]

116 MAINTENANCE Clutch System Drive Belt Removal 1. S top the engine after operat- ing in a forward motion. 2. T urn the ignit ion key of f. W ait for the engine to come to a complete stop. 3. Lock th e parking brake. 4. Open the hood and remov e the left side panel. 5. Rotate the driven clutch counterclockwise 1/4 turn by hand to ensure forward en[...]

117 MAINTENANCE Clutch System Drive Belt Installation 1. Drop the drive belt over the drive clutch and pull back the slack. NOTE: T o ensure satisfactory belt life, install belts so they operate in th e same direction of rotation by positioning the identifica- tion numbers so that you can read them. If required, separate the sheaves as outlined in [...]

118 MAINTENANCE F a ll T u ne-Up For maximum performance, arrange for a fall service tune-up with your Polaris dealer . His experienced and tr ained service technician will keep your machine in peak oper ating condition. T rack Maintenance T rack Inspection 1. Using a hoist, safely lift and support the rear of the snow- mobile of f the ground. 2. R[...]

119 MAINTENANCE T rack Maintenance T rack Lubrication The slide rail needs snow for lubrication. Excessive wear indicate s insufficient lubrication. A new rail slide can cause faster heat build-up in limited lubrication, resulting in excessive wear . NOTE: If excessive rail slide wear occurs due to poor snow con ditions, additional wheel kits are a[...]

120 MAINTENANCE T rack Maintenance T rack T ension T rack adjustment is critical for prop er handling. Always maintain cor- rect tension and alignment. NOTE: T ension adjustments should be ma de only after the track is warmed up and lim ber . 1. T urn the engine off. 2. Lift the rear of the machi ne and safely support it of f the ground. 3. Place t[...]

121 MAINTENANCE T rack Maintenance T rack T ension 4. Check for specified slack between th e wear surface of the track clip and the plastic slider . Refer to the T rack T ension Data Chart on page 120. If the track needs adjustment: 5. Loosen the rear idler shaft bolt. 6. Loosen the locknuts. 7. T ighten or l oosen the track adjus ting screws to pr[...]

122 MAINTENANCE T rack Maintenance n T rack Alignment Periodically check that the track is centered and runnin g evenly on the slide rails. Misalignment will cause excessive wear to the track and slide rail. 1. Safely support the rear of the ma chine with the track of f the ground. 2. S tart the engine and apply a small amount of throttle unt il th[...]

123 MAINTENANCE Steering System Steering Inspection and Adjustment Each week, or before a long ride, ch eck all steering system fasteners and tighten if necessary . + + + + +[...]

124 MAINTENANCE Steering System Ski Alignment W ith the handlebars in a st raight ahead position, and with vehicle weight compressing the suspension, measure from the straight e dge of the skis at the center of the sk i mounting bolt. The measurement between the skis at po int X should be 1/8 I to 1/4 I (3-6 mm) greater than the measurement at poin[...]

125 MAINTENANCE Steering System n Ski Skags Check skags before each use of the snowmobile to ensu re positive steer- ing characteristics. Skags must be replaced when worn to half their orig- inal diameter . NOTE: Carbide skags must be replaced if an y abnormal we ar or chip- ping is found. Skag Replacement NOTE: Some mo dels are equipp ed with sing[...]

126 MAINTENANCE Steering System n Rail Slide Wear Measure slide thickness at several points along the rail. Have your dealer replace the slide when it's worn down to the top of the wear limit indicator groove ( + ). Do not operate the snowmobile if slide thickness measures les s than 7/16 I (1.1 cm). Suspension Maintenance n Pre-Ride Suspensio[...]

127 MAINTENANCE Extended Storage Off-season or extended storage of your snowmobile requires preventive measures to aid against deterioration and to prolong the useful life of many componen ts. See page 130 for the part numbers of Polaris prod - ucts. Cleaning and Preservation Proper storage starts with cleaning, washing, an d waxing the hood, chass[...]

128 MAINTENANCE Extended Storage Bearings Grease the jacks haft and drive shaft clutch side bearings with Polaris Premium All-Season Grease or a simi lar high quality grease to prevent corrosion. Clutch and Drive System Remove the drive belt and store in a cool dry location. Do not lubricat e clutch components, except the driven clutch sh aft bushi[...]

129 MAINTENANCE Extended Storage Electrical Connections Replace worn or frayed electrical wi re and connec tors. Be sure wiring harness is properly secured awa y from sharp edges, steering linkage, moving parts, and hot exhaust pa rts. T ransporting the Snowmobile Whenever the snowmobile is transported: 1. Be sure the fuel cap and oil cap are insta[...]

130 POL A RIS PRODUCTS Pa r t N o . Description Engine Lubrica nts 2870791 Fogging Oil (12 oz. Aerosol) 2871098 Premium 2-Cycle Engine Oil (qt.) 2871097 Premium 2-Cycle Engine Oil (gal.) 2871240 Premium 2-Cycle Engine Oil (2.5 gal.) 2871721 Premium Gold Synthetic 2-Cycle Engine Oil (qt.) 2871722 Premium Gold Synthetic 2-Cycle Engine Oil (gal.) 2872[...]

131 TROUBLESHOOTING Engine T roubleshooting Unless you have experience and traini ng in two-cycle engine repair , see your dealer if technical problems arise. Problem Probable Ca use Solution Erratic engine oper- ating RPM during acceleration o r load variations Drive clutch binding • SEE YOUR DEALER. Driven clutch mal- function • SEE YOUR DEAL[...]

132 TROUBLESHOOTING Engine T roubleshooting Problem Probable Ca use Solution Noise in drive sys- tem Broken drive clutch components • SEE YOUR DEALER. Bearing failure/ chaincase, jacks haft, or front drive shaft • SEE YOUR DEALER. Drive belt surface flat spots • Inspect and replace as needed. Drive chain loose • Inspect and adjust (or repla[...]

133 TROUBLESHOOTING Engine T roubleshooting Problem Probable Ca use Solution Engine turns but fails to start Faulty ignition • Install new spark plug(s). If engine still fails to start, check for spar k. If there's no spark, SEE YOUR DEALER. No fuel to engine • Make sure the fuel valve is on. • Make sure the fuel tank contains fuel. • [...]

134 TROUBLESHOOTING IQ/Switchback Suspension T roubleshooting Problem Solution Rear suspension bot- toms too easily • Adjust torsion spring preload to achieve pro per static sag (see page 50). • Change torsion spring to stif fer optional spring (see your dealer). • Revalve rea r track s hock (see your dealer). Rides too stiff in rear • Chec[...]

135 TROUBLESHOOTING M-10 Suspension T roubleshooting Problem Solution Rear suspension bot- toms too easily • Increase FRA positi on (see page 60). • Install appropriate optional ce nter retainer on rear track shock (see page 61). • Increase front trac k s hock coil spring preload. • Revalve rea r track s hock (see your dealer). • Check tr[...]

136 TROUBLESHOOTING Drive Belt T roubleshooting Belt W ear/Burn Diagnosis Causes Solutions Driving at low RPM • Drive at higher RPMs. Gear the machine down. Check belt deflection. Insufficient warm-up • W arm the engine at least five minutes. T ake the drive belt off the ma chine in extremely cold weather and warm it up. Break machine loose fro[...]

137 WA RRANTY Service and W arranty Information Obtaining Service and Warranty Assistance Read and understand the service data an d the Polari s warranty information con - tained in this manual. Cont act your Polaris dealer for replacement parts, service or warranty . Y our dealer receives freque nt updates on cha nges, modifications and tips on sn[...]

138 W ARRANTY Service and W arranty Information Polaris Anti- Theft System The Polaris anti-theft system (P A TS) mo nitoring program is designed to aid owners of registered snowmobiles in recovery of stolen machines. Administration 1. Polaris snowmobile owner reports theft . A. In addition to notifying the pr oper law en forcement official s, the [...]

139 WA RRANTY Limited W arranty Polaris Sales Inc., 2100 Highway 55, Me dina, MN 55340, provides a ONE YEAR LIM- ITED W ARRANTY on all components of the Polaris snowmobile against defects in material or workmanshi p. This warranty covers the parts and labor charges for repair or replacement of d efective parts t hat are cove red by this warranty . [...]

140 W ARRANTY Limitations of warranties and remedies ALL IMPLIED W ARRANTIES (INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE IMPLIED W A RRANTIES OF MERCHANT ABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A P AR- TICULAR PURPOSE) ARE LIMITED IN DURA TION TO THE ABOVE ONE YEAR W ARRANTY PERIOD. POLARIS FUR THER DISCLAIMS ALL EXPRESS W AR- RANTIES NOT ST A TED IN THIS W ARRANTY . Some s[...]

141 WA RRANTY Conditions and Exclusions In order to qualify for warranty , the product must have been prop erly set up and tested by a Polaris Dealer (if applicable). Failure of any dealer to perform the required vehicle Pre-Delivery Inspection, perfor m all applicable servic e bulle tins and have the consumer sign the PDI form prior to d elivery m[...]

142 W ARRANTY Polaris Second Y ear Engine Service Contract Second Y e ar Engine Service C ontr act is standard on all el igible new and unused snow- mobiles that were Snow Checked through an authorized Polaris dealer during the March/April Snow Check promot ion. Th e free Second Y ear E ngine Service Contract is honored by all authorized Pola ris s[...]

143 WA RRANTY Exported V ehicles EXCEP T WHERE SPECIFICALL Y REQUIRED BY LA W , THERE IS NO W AR- RANTY OR SER VICE BULLETIN COVERAGE ON THIS VEHICLE IF IT IS SOLD OUTSIDE THE COUNTR Y OF THE SELLING DEALER'S AUTHORIZED LOCA- TION. This policy does not apply to vehicles that have received authorization for export from Polaris Industries. Deale[...]

144 W ARRANTY Snowmobile Engine Emis sions Limited W arranty This snowmobile engine emi ssions limited warranty is in addition to the Polaris stan- dard limited warrant y for sn owmobiles. Polaris Industries Inc. warrants that the new engine, including all parts of its emission- control system, is designed, bui lt and equipped so it confor ms to cu[...]

145 WA RRANTY Snowmobile Engine Emis sions Limited W arranty Some states do not allow lim itations on how long an implied warranty lasts, so the above limitation may not appl y if it is inconsistent with the controlling state la w . This limit ed warranty excludes failures not ca used by a defect in material or workmanship. This lim- ited warranty [...]

146 MAINTENANCE L OG Present this section of your manual to your dealer each time your snow- mobile is serviced. This will provide you and future owners wi th an accurate log of maintenance and servi ces performed on the snowmobile. DA TE MILES (KM) TECHNICIAN SERVICE PERFORMED / COMMENTS 150 mi. (240 km) 500 mi. (800 km) 1000 mi. (1600 km) 2000 mi[...]

147 MAINTENANCE L OG DA TE MILES (KM) TECHNICIAN SERVICE PERFORMED / COMMENTS[...]

148 MAINTENANCE L OG DA TE MILES (KM) TECHNICIAN SERVICE PERFORMED / COMMENTS[...]

149 INDEX A Accessori es . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65 Adjustable Headl ights . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 Adjustabl e Steering System . . . . 29-30 Air Pollutio n . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 Avalanches . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 B Backrest (Touring) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 Bearings . . . . . . . . . [...]

150 INDEX I Ice and Snow Build- up . . . . . . . . . . 16 IFS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 IFS Adjustment Options . . . . . . . . . 45 IFS Components . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 Inadequate Snow Conditions . . . . . . 20 Instrumentation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34-44 Intake Filters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [...]

151 INDEX S Suspension Adjustments IQ/Switchbac k . . . . . . . . . . 50-57 M-10 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58-63 Rear . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50-63 Suspension Couplin g, IQ . . . . . . . . . 55 Suspension Inspection, Pre-Ride . . 126 Suspension Mainte nance. . . . . . . . . 126 Suspension Performa nce Tips . . . . . . 49 Sus[...]