Agilent Technologies 71501D manuale d’uso

Agilent 7150 1D Eye-Diagram Analy sis User’ s Guide[...]

ii © Copyright Agilent T echnologi es 2002 All Rights Reserved. Repro- duction, adaptation, or trans- lation with out pr ior wr itten permi ssi on is pro hib it ed , except as allowed under copy- right laws. Agilent Part No . 70 87 4- 9002 3 Printed in U SA May 2002 Agilent T echnologies Lightwave Division 3910 Brickway Boulev ard, Sant a Rosa, CA[...]

iii General Sa fet y Considera tio ns General Safety Considerat ions This p roduct has been desig ned and tested i n accordance with t he stand ards listed on the Man ufact urer ’ s Declarati on of Conformity , and has been supp lied in a safe condition. The doc umen tati on contains informati on and war nings that mus t be fol lowed by the user [...]

iv Gener al Sa f ety Co nsid era t ions CAUTIO N Fiber -op ti c conne ctor s are easily damage d when conne ct ed to dirty or damaged cables and acce sso ries. The Agi le nt 71501D ’ s fron t-panel input connector i s no exceptio n. Whe n y o u use im pr oper clean in g and handling techniq ues, y ou ris k expe nsive instru ment r epair s, d amag[...]

Contents-1 Conten ts 1 Gettin g Starte d Steps for Se tti ng Up Eye- D iagram An aly sis 1-4 2 Applic ation T utoria ls T uto ri al 1: Measure Ey e-Para mete rs 2- 4 T utori al 2: Measure in Opti cal Power Units 2-8 T uto ri al 3: Measure Ex ti ncti on Ratios on Low -L e vel Sig nals 2-10 T uto rial 4: Measure Lase r T u rn-on Delay 2-1 3 T utori a[...]

Conte nts -2 Conte nts 5 Spe cifi cations a nd Char acte ristic s V ertic al Spe cifica tions 5-3 Input Channel Spe ci ficat io ns 5-4 T rigger Specif icat ions 5-5 T rigger Specif icat ions 5-6 Horizonta l Specifica tions 5-7 Declaration of Conformity 5-8[...]

1 Gett ing Star ted[...]

Gettin g Started Getting Started w ith th e Ey e-D iagram An aly z er Getting Started with the Eye-Diagram Analyzer In t his chap ter , y ou will find informat ion on the f ollowi ng to pics: • Steps for Se tti ng Up Eye- D iagram An aly sis 1-4 • Step 1. Connect the Equipme nt 1-12 • Step 2. Loa d th e Per so n a li ty 1 -1 6 • Step 3 . Co[...]

1-3 Gettin g Start ed Getting Started with the Eye-Dia gram Analyzer The custom keypad The eye-diagra m analyzer comes with a cus tom keypad that sn aps into the front pane l of 70004 A displa ys. The key pad gives y ou quick a ccess to common instrument functi ons. (Each of these funct ions can also be accessed using the normal so ftke y menus.) I[...]

Gettin g Started Steps for Setti ng Up E ye-Diag ram Analy sis Steps fo r Setting Up Eye- Diagra m Anal ysis 1 Conn ect t he e quipm ent. 2 Load the eye-diagram pers onality. 3 Compl et e th e insta llati on us ing the se lf- g uided sc re e ns. 4 Set up the meas ure m ent condit ions. Connect t he Equipment Y ou can con nect the equipme nt in thre[...]

1-5 Gettin g Start ed Steps for Setti ng Up E ye-Diag ram Anal y sis Note When us ed with an 71612A /70843, th e syst em requ ires a man ual configur ation. Set Up the Measure ment Condition s Select from eye, e yeline, and pattern mod es Use th e Setu p menu ’ s d ia g ra m so ftk e y to sele ct fro m on e o f th ree m ea s ure- ment mod es : ey[...]

Gettin g Started Steps for Setti ng Up E ye-Diag ram Analy sis Eye Mode The e ye mode displ ays tra ces us ing in dividu al dot s in a m a nner tha t is s imilar to conv en tiona l sampli ng oscill o s copes . Use thi s m o de f or the follow ing: • Typical eye- diagram measuremen ts • Extinct ion rati o meas uremen ts[...]

1-7 Gettin g Start ed Steps for Setti ng Up E ye-Diag ram Anal y sis Eyeline Mode : Eyeli ne mo de disp la y s conti nuou s trac es . Use this m ode for th e follo w in g: • Meas ur e exti nc t ion ra ti o • Meas ure las e r turn-o n t ransi tion de lay • Examine laser overshoot • Obser ve la se r ri ngin g • Apply eye-fi lter • Apply u[...]

Gettin g Started Steps for Setti ng Up E ye-Diag ram Analy sis Pattern Mode Pattern mode di sp lay s th e actu a l P RBS da ta st ream bits. Th is mode us es the patter n tri gger w hi ch al low s the disp l a y to sh ow the sa m e portion of the dat a stre a m f rom swee p to swee p. Mask/limit lines provi de pass/fail testing Mask/limit line s ar[...]

1-9 Gettin g Start ed Steps for Setti ng Up E ye-Diag ram Anal y sis Apply software filters in eyeline mode In eyeli ne mode , us er freq ue nc y correc tio ns c a n b e appli ed to the da ta to si m- ulate a hardware transmi ss io n filte r . The eye-diagra m analy z er comes with several Bess el - Th om son filters. The s e files are on the 71501[...]

Gettin g Started Steps for Setti ng Up E ye-Diag ram Analy sis Three sweep sel ec tions are avail a ble • single • continuous • stopped W ith the cont inuous select ion, sweep s occur as so on as the select ed triggeri ng conditions are met and repeat con tinuousl y as long a s the tri gge r cond ition s are met. The so urc e o f the trigge r[...]

1-11 Gettin g Start ed Steps for Setti ng Up E ye-Diag ram Anal y sis These softk eys can also be used to specify an optical-to-el ectrical responsi vity conver sion be twee n the sourc e and inp ut c ha n nels . As a result , the di splay shows op tica l units refer enced to t he inpu t of the opti cal-to-el ectrical con- verter . Channel and mark[...]

Gettin g Started Steps for Setti ng Up E ye-Diag ram Analy sis Step 1. Connect the Equi pment 70841A/B Pattern Generat or and 70311A Sign al Generat or Modul es 1 If you are usi ng 7084 1A/B pa ttern g enerator and 70 311A s ignal gene rator modu les wi th yo ur eye- diag ram an alyz er, ins tall t hem into a n MMS main frame as show n in th e f ol[...]

1-13 Gettin g Start ed Steps for Setti ng Up E ye-Diag ram Anal y sis 2 If you are usi ng 7084 1A/B pa ttern g enerator and 70 311A s ignal gene rator modules with your eye-diagra m analyzer, connect cables to the instruments as shown in th e f ollowin g gr aphic. • If you are using a clock sou rce other than an 70311A , make s ure that th e sign[...]

Gettin g Started Steps for Setti ng Up E ye-Diag ram Analy sis 4 If the attenu ator conne cted to the 70820A ’ s RF INPUT 2 connector is no t 6 dB, press: T r g,Cal , CH2 EX T A TTEN , then ente r the value of the atte nuator Front-P anel Cab le Co nnecti ons Cab les: SMA to SM A (Chann el 1) p/n 8120-4 948 SMA to SM A (Chann el 2) p/n 8120-4 948[...]

1-15 Gettin g Start ed Steps for Setti ng Up E ye-Diag ram Anal y sis Laser a n d Optica l - to-E lect ric al Conv erter If you have access to a laser and an optical-to-el ect rical con ver te r , use the connectio ns sh own in t he fo llowing figure. T o prot ect the inpu t connecto rs, use adapters between th e cables and the connector s. The las[...]

Gettin g Started Steps for Setti ng Up E ye-Diag ram Analy sis Connectio ns with out a La ser Source an d Conve rt er If a laser source and optical-to -el ect rical conver ter are not available, use the alter na te conn ect ion sh ow n in the fol lo win g fi gure . In thi s c a s e, the pa tte rn genera tor ’ s dat a outpu t is dis pla yed. A n e[...]

1-17 Gettin g Start ed Steps for Setti ng Up E ye-Diag ram Anal y sis If the Program Failed to Load The p rogram has fa iled to load i f one o f the f ollowi ng occu rs: • The mes sag e Please wait... Loading 70874 never sho w s. • The left -sid e softk e y s match th ose sho wn in th e fo l lo win g fi gure . “ Manuall y Load t he Per sonali[...]

Gettin g Started Steps for Setti ng Up E ye-Diag ram Analy sis 3 If th e scre en does not res emble t he above figure, press : msi:, HP-MSIB C ARD , prev menu DISPLAY , Mass Stor age, msi , MEMORY CARD MENU The list o f f iles s hou ld n ow b e dis pla yed. 4 Turn the fr ont-p anel knob to hi ghlight the file "A UTOST" and th en pre ss: L[...]

1-19 Gettin g Start ed Steps for Setti ng Up E ye-Diag ram Anal y sis Step 3. Complete the Installa tion Using the Screen Instru ctions • If the displa yed s creen look s li ke t he figu re o n the left side o f thi s pag e, you r system has be en previo u sly con figur ed. P re ss CON T and the n con t in ue with "Step 4. Con ne ct the fron[...]

Gettin g Started Steps for Setti ng Up E ye-Diag ram Analy sis First Se l f- Guided Sc reen 3 Use th e follo wing sel f-guided screen to ind icate t he 10 M Hz freque ncy reference used. Pres s INTERN L if th e 70820A module is used as the refere nce. Press EXTERNL if the c lock source is used as the r eferen ce.[...]

1-21 Gettin g Start ed Steps for Setti ng Up E ye-Diag ram Anal y sis 4 The f ollowi ng sc reen sho uld be displa yed. N otice t hat th e eye-d iagram analyzer ’ s left- side Se tup menu is se le cted. 5 If you have not already conne ct the cables to the instru men ts ’ front pa nels, follow th e ins tructions shown. O therw ise, pr oceed wi th[...]

Gettin g Started Steps for Setti ng Up E ye-Diag ram Analy sis the instr ume nts ’ front pa n els, fo ll ow the in st ructio ns sho w n. Otherw ise, proceed wi th “ I f you have not already conne ct th e cables to the instruments ’ front pan els, foll ow th e in struc t ions sh own. Oth erwis e, pro ceed wi th “ If y ou have not alread y co[...]

1-23 Gettin g Start ed Steps for Setti ng Up E ye-Diag ram Anal y sis Note Using th e CLOCK OUT t ri gger si gn a l pr ovides faster da t a ac quisit i o n fo r eye - diag rams. If the amplit ude of the t rigger signal is to o large , an o ver -range messa ge is d isplaye d. If a mess age is disp layed, r educ e the am plitud e of t he signal; use [...]

Gettin g Started Steps for Setti ng Up E ye-Diag ram Analy sis Controlli ng an 70841A/B Pattern Generat or When usi ng the 70311A clo ck source (be low 3 Gb/s): This sectio n explains how to display the m enus for the 70 841A/B pattern ge n- erato r . T he dis play ca n be as sign ed to co ntrol e ithe r the eye- diag ram a nalyze r or the 70841A/B[...]

1-25 Gettin g Start ed Steps for Setti ng Up E ye-Diag ram Anal y sis 70841A/B ap pears. c Press ADJUST ROW , and rotate the knob to move the box t o the row where the 70841A/B appears . d Press ASSIGN BOTH . 4 Use th e disp layed s oftkey menus to set t he pat tern gen erator to th e desired setti n gs. For an exampl e, r efer t o th e p a ra g ra[...]

Gettin g Started Steps for Setti ng Up E ye-Diag ram Analy sis 3 Turn the di spl ay off and se le ct tr ace one by pr essing : Traces , displ ay ON| OFF OFF , select: , TR1 Move the Measure ment Plane T o move the meas ur ement pl ane, pr ess: Trg,Cal , C H1 EX T ATTE N and enter the atten uati on on channel 1 input. Optional Step. Save Instrument [...]

1-27 Gettin g Start ed Steps for Setti ng Up E ye-Diag ram Anal y sis 3 The eye -diagra m is now ready for use. To restore th e factor y instrumen t preset Restor e the fac t ory ins trum en t prese t b y pres si ng : MENU , page 1 of 2 , Stat es , mo re 1 of 2 , preset: FAC| USR FAC[...]

Gettin g Started Steps for Setti ng Up E ye-Diag ram Analy sis[...]

2 Application Tutorials[...]

Applica tion Tu torials Applica tio n Tu to rials Application Tutorials This chapter cont ains nine tutor ials th at introduce impor tant eye-diagram analy zer feat ures. Th e tutori als sho u ld be perf or med in the or de r listed. T o create the data sign al, you will ne ed a pseudo-ran dom binary sequence (PRBS) patt ern gen er ator . Refer to [...]

2-3 Applic ation T utorial s Applic ation T utorials Clock Freq: 2.48 832 GHz Clock Ampl : 500 mV Clock Hi-Lvl: 0 V If you ’ re pe rfor ming these tut ori als without the laser so urce and optica l-to- electrical conve rte r , reduce the leve l of the data si g nal as shown in the fol lo w- ing se tt ings : • Data Am pl 250 mV • Data Hi -Lvl [...]

Applica tion Tu torials Tutori al 1: Meas ure E ye-Para mete rs Tutori al 1: Measure Eye -Pa rame ters The ey e -diag ram a n a l y zer p er forms autom a t ic ey e measu rem en ts in ey e mode. T his m ode i s simi lar to t hat o f conve ntion al sa mplin g osc illosc opes; the display shows ind ividual dot s. V iew the Signal 1 To view th e sig n[...]

2-5 Applic ation T utorial s T utorial 1: Me as u re Eye- Par a meter s Example of a Large Overshoot Re sul ting from Lase r Bias Perform an Offset Calibration This ca l ibrati on proce dure re mo ves any o f f set that ma y b e presen t in the o pti- cal-to-electrical converte r . This is sometimes referred to as the "dark" level. The of[...]

Applica tion Tu torials Tutori al 1: Meas ure E ye-Para mete rs Enab lin g t his fun c ti on appr ox ima tely dou bles the mea s urement ti me. 8 Perfo rm the eye meas urement by pr essing : MEASURE EYE After a brief p eriod o f time , the di splay s hould l ook like the f ollowing f igure. Refer to Chapter 3, “ Eye-Dia g ram Analy zer Refe re nc[...]

2-7 Applic ation T utorial s T utorial 1: Me as u re Eye- Par a meter s Example Exti nction R atio Me asuremen t 10 Change the amou nt of dat a used for th e hi st ogram s b y pre s si ng: NUMBER SAMPLES a n d enter th e # of sam pl es A larger value gives more accu racy, but increases the data acqui sition time. When mak in g extinct ion rati o me[...]

Applica tion Tu torials Tutor ial 2: Meas ure in O ptica l Pow er Units Tutorial 2: Me asure in Optic al Po wer Units The ana l yz e r disp lay has th e abil ity to sh ow opt ical u ni ts refe re nc e d to the input of the optical-to-e lectr ical converter . This changes the chann el and marker reado uts to watts /div . 1 Set t he anal yzer to a kn[...]

2-9 Applic ation T utorial s T utorial 2: Measur e in Op tica l Pow e r Units[...]

Applica tion Tu torials Tutor i al 3: Meas ure Ext i nctio n Ratio s on Low- L evel S ignal s Tutorial 3: Measure Extinction Ratios on Low- Level Signals Repeatable extinction ratio measurement s can be made on low-level signals. This is accomplished by app lyin g a filter to th e sign al. Thi s fi lt er impro ves measur ement se nsit iv i ty and i[...]

2-11 Applic ation T utorial s T uto r ial 3: Me asure E xtinct ion Ra tios on Low-Le ve l Sig na ls Autoscaled Display of Low-Level Signal 4 Turn filt ering on by pres sing : Setup , eyefltr ON OFF ON Perform an Offset Calibration This ca l ibrati on proce dure re mo ves any o f f set that ma y b e presen t in the o pti- cal-to-electrical converte [...]

Applica tion Tu torials Tutor i al 3: Meas ure Ext i nctio n Ratio s on Low- L evel S ignal s Measur e the E xtincti on Ratio 8 To measur e th e extinc tion rati o, press : Measure , NUMBER SAMPLES and enter 2 0000 , EX TINCT RA TIO Refe r to th e follo w in g fi gure . Extinction Ratio Measure me nt on a Low-Level Sign al with Eye Filterin g On Di[...]

2-13 Applic ation T utorial s T uto r ial 4: Me asure La ser T urn -on Del a y Tutorial 4: Measur e Laser Turn-on De lay On-screen marke rs can be used to measure bo th ampl itude and ti me separ a- tion in eye- diagr a ms. The compa t ible mod es for marker s are eye , ey eline, a n d pattern. Change to Eyeline Mode 1 Change to eye line mod e, th [...]

Applica tion Tu torials Tutori al 4: Meas ure Lase r Turn-o n D elay Laser Overshoo t an d Turn -On Delay[...]

2-15 Applic ation T utorial s T u torial 5: Use So ftware F ilters Tutorial 5: Use Softwar e Filters This tutori al ena bles a soft ware fi lter . The filt er is d esigne d with user fre- quenc y correc ti ons. Use r freq ue nc y c o rr ectio ns can b e us ed for: • Remo ving the eff ect s of freq ue ncy res po n se rol l- off due to the o p tica[...]

Applica tion Tu torials Tutorial 5: Use So ftw are Filt ers User-Cor rections A pplied t o the Dat a Change to Eyeline Mode 1 Set t he anal yzer to a know n stat e by pr essing : INSTR PRESET , Traces , persist , VARIABL and ent er 5 , diagram , EYEL INE Notice the le vel of the las er over sho ot, and the tur n-on delay , vari e s fro m sweep t o [...]

2-17 Applic ation T utorial s T u torial 5: Use So ftware F ilters Eyeline Display Showing Laser Oversho ot Load the Software Filter 2 Place the 70874A memory card in the front -p ane l card slot. 3 Display the catal og of files on the memory card by pres sing: Mass S torage 4 Turn th e front - p a ne l knob to high lig ht the fi le " a_bt2488[...]

Applica tion Tu torials Tutorial 5: Use So ftw are Filt ers 7 Turn the auto scale fu ncti on on b y pressi ng : Traces , AUTO-SCALE The di splay s hould look like the foll owing fig ure. Noti ce that the l aser overs hoot i s no l onge r vis ible, due to the fi lter ing effect of the user -correct io ns in the 7150 1A. Example Filtered Laser Oversh[...]

2-19 Applic ation T utorial s T utorial 6: T est to In dustry Standa rds Tutorial 6: Test to Industry Standards Masks allow you to test ey e- di a g ram s ag ain st indus tr y st andards . Th e eye-d ia- gram an a ly zer pro vid es built -i n mask s for test ing th e majo r SONE T/SDH trans missi on r ates. Compatible mo des are e ye and eye line. [...]

Applica tion Tu torials Tutor i al 6: Test t o Indu st ry Sta ndards T urn Mask T esting On 6 Turn ma sk testin g on by pr essi ng : Masks , test ON OFF ON This reset s the error counte rs. Erro rs for the s tanda rd spe cific ation s sh ow up beside the M 1 screen ann otation fo r mask violations , and beside L2 and L3 for uppe r a nd lo we r limi[...]

2-21 Applic ation T utorial s T utorial 6: T est to In dustry Standa rds Stop on and Display T race Errors The eye-diagram an alyzer has the ability t o stop data acquis ition when a mask violation occurs. T he number of traces or error s that stop this data acquisition can be specif ied. I n addi tion, i f you are in eyelin e mode, you can separ a[...]

Applica tion Tu torials Tutor i al 6: Test t o Indu st ry Sta ndards test ON OFF ON The instrumen t stops swe eping after t wo error t races have been a ccumulated. Refer t o the foll owing f igure. N ote that fo r this figure , erro rs occu r due to overshoot on a zero- to-one tr ansition. T urn off Mask T esting 13 Turn off error traci ng an d th[...]

2-23 Applic ation T utorial s T utorial 7 : Defau lt and Custom Ma sk or Limit Line T esting Tutorial 7: Default and Custom Mask or Limit Line Testing The 7082 0A me nus allow y ou to cr eate and displ ay up to eight limit lines and masks a t one time. Fi ve de fault m ask/lim it-lin e shapes are pr ovided for yo ur use: • hexagon • square • [...]

Applica tion Tu torials Tutorial 7: Defau lt and Custom Ma sk or Limit Line Tes ting Create a Mask or Limit Line 1 Set t he anal yzer to a know n stat e by pr essing : INSTR PRESET, Setup , BIT INTVL and enter 1.5 , Tra ces , persis t , VARIABL , PERSI ST SWEEPS and enter 8 MENU , page 1 of 2 , Analyze, masks, limits , def ine sh apes , type: • I[...]

2-25 Applic ation T utorial s T utorial 7 : Defau lt and Custom Ma sk or Limit Line T esting Stre tch, Re duce, or Move the Ma sk 11 To stre tch, reduce or move the m ask by press : prev menu , sc ale X| Y or offs et X |Y Add a Mask Margin 12 Press th e le ft-sid e Mas ks softke y. 13 To aut omati cally ali gn th e mask to a disp layed sig nal, pre[...]

Applica tion Tu torials Tutorial 7: Defau lt and Custom Ma sk or Limit Line Tes ting Display the Error T rac e 23 Displ ay a mask and begin testin g as descr ibed in this s ectio n, and then p ress: err t rc ON|OFF ON Erase a Mask or Limit Line 24 Selec t th e mask or limit line you wish to e rase by pr essing : MENU , page 1 of 2 , Analyze , masks[...]

2-27 Applic ation T utorial s T utoria l 8: Display the Da ta Pa tter n Tutorial 8: Display the Dat a Pa tt er n The ey e -d iagra m anal yzer can d is p la y the da ta pa t tern. This is done by selec t - ing th e pa tt ern m ode and trig ge ring th e dis play tra c e upda te o n th e p atte rn trigge r . Th is ins u re s the tr a c e on the s c r[...]

Applica tion Tu torials Tutorial 8 : Display t he Data Pa ttern Example Patter n Mode Di splay Add T ime Delay 6 Add time del ay by pre ss ing: Setup , DELAY Eac h pu s h of the step ke ys ( ⇓ and ⇑ ) giv es a ch a n ge in de l ay equ al to e xac t ly one bit. This tec h nique c a n a ls o be use d to st ep th e X offset of th e mask one b it a[...]

2-29 Applic ation T utorial s T utoria l 8: Display the Da ta Pa tter n 8 Set chann el 2 by p ressing: CH2 is: , CLK OUT Notice tha t the diagram sof tkey annotat ion no lon ger indi cate s pattern m o de , and a note is di splay ed on t he sc reen a s show n in t he fol lowin g figu re. Example Display of User-Er ror i n Pa ttern Mode[...]

Applica tion Tu torials Tutoria l 9: Cons tructing a Low-P ass Filter fr om a Tran sfer F unction Tutorial 9: Constructing a Low-Pass Filter from a Transfer Function This pr oced u re builds a four th order B es sel-T homso n filter ch a r acte ri zing SONET/ SDH tra nsmi tters o perating at 2.4 8832 Gbit /sec. T he filte r is l oaded into channe l[...]

2-31 Applic ation T utorial s T utorial 9: Co nstructing a Low-Pa ss Filter fro m a T ransfer Fu nction 3 Turn the dis play off by pressi ng: Traces , selec t:, TR1 , disp lay ON OFF OFF 4 Build the eq uation by pr essing : selec t :, TR2 , input :, build eqn, C LR - END , SEL|EDT SEL 5 Turn the fro nt-pan el to hig hlight th e j ope rand , and the[...]

Applica tion Tu torials Tutoria l 9: Cons tructing a Low-P ass Filter fr om a Tran sfer F unction 6 Build the t race eq uatio n shown in th e fol lowing figur e by pr essing : RETURN , sele ct:, TR3 , inpu t: , build eqn , CLR - END, SEL|ED T SEL Build the tr ace equ ation. Notice th e cu rso r has wra ppe d to the fol lowin g line. Be sure to incl[...]

2-33 Applic ation T utorial s T utorial 9: Co nstructing a Low-Pa ss Filter fro m a T ransfer Fu nction 10 Set the marker on 1.8622 4 GHz usi ng the k nob o r numeric k eypad. 11 Contin ue b y pr essing : Scale , more 1 of 2 , AUTO DELAY , Traces , st ore tr ace , to user correct , adaptiv ON|OFF ON 12 Store the filter res ponse in user - correc t [...]

Applica tion Tu torials Tutoria l 9: Cons tructing a Low-P ass Filter fr om a Tran sfer F unction 14 Highli ght "UCORR1" u sing the k nob. 15 Contin ue b y pr essing : RETURN , Scale , AUTO-SCALE , page 1 of 2 , Calib , us er corr[...]

2-35 Applic ation T utorial s T utorial 9: Co nstructing a Low-Pa ss Filter fro m a T ransfer Fu nction 16 To st ore th e filt er to a me mory c ard, p ress: States , more 1 of 2 , mass storage 17 If the mass -s tor age de vice needs to be selecte d , ref er to “ Savi ng to M ass Storage ” on p age 3-34 . 18 Save the user- correcti ons by press[...]

Applica tion Tu torials Tutor i al 10: Crea te a Ve r t ical H is togra m Tutorial 1 0: Creat e a Vert ical Histogram This tutorial cre ate s a vertical histogr am on data take n fro m a sine wave. The procedure, however , works f or any t ype of waveform. Select the Histogram T ype 1 Display a trace t o perform s tatistical analysis o n. 2 Displ a[...]

2-37 Applic ation T utorial s T uto r i al 10: Cr eate a Vertical Hist ogram 6 Enter the n umber of s ampl es to be t aken for th e hist ogram by p ress ing: prev menu , NUMBER SAMPLES , # o f samp les, ENTER The default num b e r of sample s take n is 1000. 7 To draw the ver tica l histogr a m , pre s s: SINGLE ACQUIRE Data will be acquired once. [...]

Applica tion Tu torials Tutor i al 10: Crea te a Ve r t ical H is togra m Perform Statistical Anal ysis The ra nge of sampl e points us ed to calcula te the mean and standard de viation is t he f ull scree n. 9 To cha nge the li m its , pres s: other , UPPER LIMIT , LIMIT → 0%- 10 0% , n ew up per li mit value , EN TER , LOWER LIMIT , LIMIT → 0[...]

2-39 Applic ation T utorial s T uto r i al 10: Cr eate a Vertical Hist ogram 10 To disp la y a lin e indi c a ti ng the l ocati o n of th e mean , pres s: resu lts , MEAN , The mean and standard deviati on val ue s are als o shown .[...]

Applica tion Tu torials Tutor i al 10: Crea te a Ve r t ical H is togra m 11 To display a line indi cati ng the locati on of th e standard deviat ion , pr ess: STD DEV[...]

2-41 Applic ation T utorial s T utorial 11: Creat e a Horizo nt al Hist ogr a m Tutorial 1 1: Create a Horizontal Histogram This tutorial cre ate s a horizont al histogram on data take n fr om a sine wave. The pr ocedure, h owever , wo rks f or any t ype of wave form. Sele ct the Histo g ram T ype 1 Display a trace t o perform s tatistical analysis[...]

Applica tion Tu torials Tutori al 11: Crea te a Hor i zontal Histo gr a m 6 Enter the n umber of s ampl es to be t aken for th e hist ogram by p ress ing: prev menu , NUMBER SAMPLES, # of samples, ENTER The default num b e r of sample s take n is 1000. 7 To draw the hori zont al histog ram, pres s: SINGLE ACQUIRE Data will be acquired once. 8 To co[...]

2-43 Applic ation T utorial s T utorial 11: Creat e a Horizo nt al Hist ogr a m Perform Statistical Anal ysis The ra nge of sampl e points us ed to calcula te the mean and standard de viation is t he f ull scree n. 9 To cha nge the li m its , pres s: other , UPPER LIMIT , LIMIT → 0%-100% , new upp er lim it val ue, EN TER , LOWER LIMIT , LIMIT ?[...]

Applica tion Tu torials Tutori al 11: Crea te a Hor i zontal Histo gr a m 10 To disp la y a lin e indi c a ti ng the l o c at i o n of th e mean , pres s: resu lts , MEAN The mean and standard deviati on val ue s are als o shown .[...]

2-45 Applic ation T utorial s T utorial 11: Creat e a Horizo nt al Hist ogr a m 11 To display a line indi cati ng the locati on of th e standard de viation , pr es s: STD DEV[...]

Applica tion Tu torials Tutori al 11: Crea te a Hor i zontal Histo gr a m[...]

3 Eye-D i ag ram Anal y z e r Reference[...]

Eye-Diagr am An alyzer Ref er ence Eye-D iagram An alyzer Refe rence Eye-Diagram Analyzer Reference In t his chap ter , y ou will find informat ion on the f ollowi ng to pics: • Perf o r ming Eye- D iagra m Me asu re men ts 3-3 • Generati ng Hi stogram s 3-7 • Masks an d Limit Li nes 3 -9 • Eye- Diag ram Me n u Maps 3-12 • Agilent 708 20A[...]

3-3 Eye-Diagram An alyzer Referen ce Performi ng Ey e- D ia gram Mea sur e ment s Performing Eye-Diagram Measurements T o perform t he aut omatic eye -diagr am measu rements, use t he Meas ure men u. W ith the ex ce pt ion of extin ction rat io, these me as ure ments must be per- form ed in eye m ode . Automatic Measurements The Measu re menu ’ s[...]

Eye-Diagr am An alyzer Ref er ence Perf orming Eye- Diagr am M easure ments Use th e NUMBER SAMPLES s oftkey for th is pu rpose. • Use the ME ASURE EY E to in itiate a num ber of auto ma t i c hi stogr a m mea su r e- ments on an eye-diag ram. • Use the r /f tim ON OFF softk ey to enable r ise t ime an d fall time measureme nts durin g the meas[...]

3-5 Eye-Diagram An alyzer Referen ce Performi ng Ey e- D ia gram Mea sur e ment s Cros sing Le vel This me a su rement is the a m pl itude th a t th e one le vel a nd z e ro le v e l cros s. It also ex pr esse s the leve l as a pe rce nta ge o f t he mean one level a nd m ean ze ro level di fferenc e . Eye Width This mea su rem ent is the eye width[...]

Eye-Diagr am An alyzer Ref er ence Perf orming Eye- Diagr am M easure ments For Optimum Performance The 70820A m odu le should be co nfi gu re d to: • Control the RF source o ver the communica tions bus. • Share the same freque ncy refe re nce as the RF source. Channels V ersus T races The 70820A mo du le has two input channel s, four traces, a[...]

3-7 Eye-Diagram An alyzer Referen ce Genera ting H istograms Generating Histograms The 70820A can perf orm st atistical analy sis on any dis pl ay ed trace . Af ter c re - ating a vertic al or ho rizonta l hist ogram of the tra ce dat a, the di splay can sh ow mean and standard deviation val ue s of the histo gram. Histog ram anal ysis is perf orme[...]

Eye-Diagr am An alyzer Ref er ence Genera tin g His tog rams When gen erati ng histog rams , yo u must perfo rm the follow ing bas ic ste ps: 1 Select a trace. 2 Select hi st ogram typ e. 3 Enter the n umber of sampl es. 4 Set limit s for acq ui re d data. 5 Acquir e the data. 6 Establi sh lim it s fo r statist ical anal ysis. 7 View the m ean and [...]

3-9 Eye-Diagram An alyzer Referen ce Mask s an d Lim it Lin es Masks and Limit Lines Masks and li mit l ines al low you to tes t the shape (time or frequen cy ver sus amplit ude) o f a disp layed r espo nse. Masks are close d pol ygon shape s. Limi t lines are li nes. T ra ces or measur ement points that pene trate a mask or cross a limi t line res[...]

Eye-Diagr am An alyzer Ref er ence Masks a nd Limi t Line s A Limit Line Displayed on Screen Because you can perfor m repe ti ti ve te st in g of resp ons e shapes, masks and limit lin es a re ide al for pa ss/fai l te sting on product ion l ines . Y ou c rea te, sa ve, recall , and e dit li mit lines usin g the masks, l imits m enu. A ccess th is [...]

3-11 Eye-Diagram An alyzer Referen ce Mask s an d Lim it Lin es Testing Responses Once y ou ’ ve c reated a mas k or limit l ine, set the fo llowi ng condi tions fo r test- ing: • Trace to which testin g i s applie d. • Violations defined as tr aces o r meas ure m e nt points. • Testin g ends after a set nu mber o f e rrors. • Testin g en[...]

Eye-Diagr am An alyzer Ref er ence Eye-D iagram M enu Ma ps Eye-Diagram Menu Maps The t wo menu maps in this section graphical ly repr esent t he e ye-dia gram ana- lyze r ’ s soft key men us. Setup and Tr g, Cal Menus[...]

3-13 Eye-Diagram An alyzer Referen ce Eye-D i agram Me nu Maps Traces, M easu re, Markers, Mask s, and Mass Storag e Me nus[...]

Eye-Diagr am An alyzer Ref er ence Agilen t 70 820A Menus Agilent 7082 0A Menus This se ction dis cusses t he softke y menu s for th e 70820A m icrowave t ransitio n analyzer module. T o learn about the eye- diagr am analyzer ’ s menus, re fe r to “Eye-Dia gram Menu Maps” on page 3-12 . These menus provi de additional fea- ture s usef ul for [...]

3-15 Eye-Diagram An alyzer Referen ce Agilen t 70820 A Menu s The Left-Side Softkeys Use th e softk eys loc ated o n the le ft si de of t he disp lay to access the tw elve majo r menu s. T hese soft keys a re shown in t wo pa ges . Pre ss page 1 of 2 to vie w the seco nd page of s oftke ys. When the 70820A module f irst turns on , the Main menu is [...]

Eye-Diagr am An alyzer Ref er ence Control ling the Display Controlling the Display To Control the Number of Bits Displayed The Setup menu ’ s BIT INTV L soft key allows you to s elect t he n umber of b its that w ill b e di splayed on t he s creen . Th e hor izontal tim e sca le a utom aticall y chan ge s to the a pp ropr ia te sett ing. Use DEL[...]

3-17 Eye-Diagram An alyzer Referen ce Controll ing the Display To Improv e the Sens itiv ity in E y e l i n e M o d e In ey eline m ode, ad dition al eye f ilteri ng can be appl ied to improv e the me a- surement sensitiv ity . This can be an advantage whe n measuri ng extinction rati os on l ow-leve l sign als. Use the ey efltr ON OFF so ftkey to [...]

Eye-Diagr am An alyzer Ref er ence Control ling the Display T o le ar n more abou t the se files a nd ab out cre a ti ng and appl ying user -corr e c- tions, refe r to “ T ut orial 5: Use S oftw are Fi lter s ” on page 2-1 5 . 1 Place t he 70 874A eye -diagram analyzer memory c ard in t he fron t-pane l card slot. The 70874A eye -diagram anal y[...]

3-19 Eye-Diagram An alyzer Referen ce Controll ing the Display 4 Load t he file by press ing: LOAD FILE The f ile is loaded w hen user-corrections loaded is displa ye d o n th e scree n. 5 Turn the us er corre ction fun ction on b y pressi ng: Trg, Cal , more 1 of 2 , usr cor ON |OF F ON .[...]

Eye-Diagr am An alyzer Ref er ence Control ling the Display User-Cor rections A pplied t o the Dat a To View 70820 A Menus Press MENU. To Ret urn to the Jitter Anal yzer (or Eye- Di agram Analy zer) Press USER . If th e eye-di agram a nalyzer ’ s menus are not d ispla yed, l oad th e pr ogram as explaine d in Chapter 1 , “ Getting Started ” .[...]

3-21 Eye-Diagram An alyzer Referen ce Controll ing the Display To Vi ew th e Dat e and Time Ther e a re two clo cks th a t c a n be displ a ye d on th e sc reen : the dis pl ay ’ s clock and the 70820A mod ule ’ s clock. Y ou can control wheth er the clocks are dis- play ed, the indic ated t ime, and the dis play fo rmat. W hen th e mainfr ame [...]

Eye-Diagr am An alyzer Ref er ence Control ling the Display 3 To select US or European di sp lay format , pre s s US|EU RO US or: US|EU RO EU R O 4 To change the time or date , press: set cl ock Enter the new val ue in the same f ormat as di splayed. Control t he Display ’ s Clock 1 Press DISPLA Y , Mis c , cloc k • If you w ant to turn the clo[...]

3-23 Eye-Diagram An alyzer Referen ce Cali br at ing th e Eye- D iagr am Analyz er Calibrat ing the Eye-Diagr am Analyzer Note For infor mation on use r - corr ectio ns and instru m ent cali br a ti on dat a, re fe r to “ Agilen t 70820A User -Correcti ons ” on page 3- 49 and refe r to “ Agilent 70 820A Calibration ” on page 3-61 . To Compe[...]

Eye-Diagr am An alyzer Ref er ence Cali brati ng the Ey e-Di agram An alyze r 1 Connect a low-loss cabl e between the front -panel CALIBRATOR OUTPUT and channel 1 connecto rs. 2 To calibra te the IF, press: MENU , page 1 of 2 , Calib , IF calib , CAL CH 1 The calib ration rout ine takes about 30 minut es t o com plete . 3 Disconnect th e cable from[...]

3-25 Eye-Diagram An alyzer Referen ce Displa ying T r aces Displaying Traces Four T rac es can be Di splayed The T races menu ’ s sel ect: softkey allows you to display and con trol up to f our traces. The scaling , reference posi tions, and refere nce levels of eac h trace can be separately adjust ed. T o automatic ally adjus t the trace scale f[...]

Eye-Diagr am An alyzer Ref er ence Disp laying Trac es To Position and Scale Ea ch Trace The selected trace can be positione d verti cally on the display . This is accom- plishe d usi ng the REF LEV|POS softke y to enter both the r eference posit ion and reference le vel. The reference pos ition (POS) is entered as a percentage o f the verti- cal d[...]

3-27 Eye-Diagram An alyzer Referen ce Displa ying T r aces The Averagi ng Submenu A verage tr ace 1 by pre ssi ng: Traces , average , AVERAGE SWEEPS an d ente r the n umber o f swee ps used for ru n ni ng avera ge , average ON|OFF ON Four Persistenc e Modes are A vailable The eye -diag ra m anal yzer offers fo ur trac e pe rs iste nc e selec ti ons[...]

Eye-Diagr am An alyzer Ref er ence Disp laying Trac es The Pe rsi s t e n ce Submen u Infi nite M onoc hrome P ersis tence W ith infinite mono chro me persiste nce ( INFINIT), traces accumu late on the disp lay un til pe rs ist en ce is tu rned off or th e di splay is cl eare d usin g th e Setu p menu ’ s CLEAR DIS PLA Y soft key . Press OFF to t[...]

3-29 Eye-Diagram An alyzer Referen ce Displa ying T r aces 1 green 2 cyan (light blue) 3 purple 4 rose 5 yello w This p ersistence works bes t with h igh values o f N, t ypically valu es of 5 0 through 100 . In thi s mod e, n o soft keys c an b e pre ssed un til a fter EXIT GRAD- ING is p ressed . Monochrome Grading Persistence Monoc hrome gr ading[...]

Eye-Diagr am An alyzer Ref er ence Using Ma r k ers Using Markers Use this menu to activate the four avai lable line marke rs : X1, X2, Y1, and Y2. Markers allow you to me asure or compare portions of the di splayed waveform. For exam ple, yo u can use markers to meas ure the peak-to-pe ak differ ence in a lase r ’ s turn- on time a s measu red o[...]

3-31 Eye-Diagram An alyzer Referen ce Applyin g Mask T esti ng Applying Mask Testing Use the M a sk s menu t o d is play a n d contro l ma sk te stin g. Bu ilt in stand ard masks for the more comm on SONET /SDH tra nsmis sion rates ar e provide d. T o learn how to create you r own cus tom masks , refe r to Chap ter 2, “ Application Tu t o r i a l[...]

Eye-Diagr am An alyzer Ref er ence Applyi ng Mask Te sting Automatic Alignment Scales the Mask The MASK AL IGN softkey , located un der the M asks menu, auto maticall y aligns and scale s a de fault m ask to the data p er the SONET/ SDH s tandards . This is accompli shed using histo grams and is best done in eye mode for fast er and mor e evenly di[...]

3-33 Eye-Diagram An alyzer Referen ce Applyin g Mask T esti ng The Ma sk Se tup Subm en u[...]

Eye-Diagr am An alyzer Ref er ence Saving to M ass St orage Saving to Mass Storage Use the Mass Storage menu, to save and recal l fi les to a mass storage dev ice. The mass storage device is normal ly a memory card that has been inse rte d into the fro nt-panel card slot. Y ou can also st ore data to a GPIB dis k drive, and to internal rand om-acce[...]

3-35 Eye-Diagram An alyzer Referen ce Saving t o Mass Stor age as long as t he card ’ s batte ry ha s suf fic ie nt po w er . Y o u shou ld chang e the ba t- tery e very two ye ars u sing th e pro ced ure in t his s ectio n. Refer to “ T o Ch ange a Memory Card Batter y ” on p age 3-3 9 . RAM memory c ards have a write-prot ect switch, o n th[...]

Eye-Diagr am An alyzer Ref er ence Saving to M ass St orage GPIB Disk Drives Measurement d ata and files can be saved on an exte rnal GPIB dis k drive. T he disk dr iv e must be a 3.5 inc h , CS80 c om pa tib l e, such as an 912 2. T o use th e drive, you must conne ct it an d enter its GPIB address using DISPLA Y me nu soft k eys . The pro c ed u [...]

3-37 Eye-Diagram An alyzer Referen ce Saving t o Mass Stor age Initializing ( formatting) a memory car d CAUTIO N Th e follo win g st eps erase any files sto red on t he ca rd. 1 If the memor y card is new and ne e ds to be formatte d, press: MENU , page 1 of 2 , Stat es , mo re 1 of 2 , mass st orage , more , FORMAT 2 To us e the LIF f orma t, pre[...]

Eye-Diagr am An alyzer Ref er ence Saving to M ass St orage 4 Enter the disk driv e ’ s unit numb e r by pre ss ing: UNIT NUM BER This number is typ ically a 0 or 1. Ze ro us ually indica tes the disk drive ’ s left side s lot. 5 Enter the disk driv e ’ s volume nu mber by pre s sing: VOLUME NU MBER The vo lume n umber sho uld b e left a t th[...]

3-39 Eye-Diagram An alyzer Referen ce Saving t o Mass Stor age To Ch ange a Memory Ca rd Batt er y The me mory card ’ s battery is a lith iu m c omm ercial CMO S t yp e, part num ber CR 2016. The mem o r y card sho u ld be ins talle d when the batte ry is remov e d. If the b a t- tery is remo ved whil e the card i s not i nstalle d, all data in t[...]

Eye-Diagr am An alyzer Ref er ence Saving to M ass St orage Working w ith Files Files are identified by a prefix and a name. The eye-diagram analyzer assigns a prefix accordi ng to the ty pe of data, as shown in t he following table. Y ou enter the fi le na m e. When cataloge d, the fi le li stings show the f ile ’ s data type and size in b ytes.[...]

3-41 Eye-Diagram An alyzer Referen ce Saving t o Mass Stor age To Duplicat e a Memory Ca rd Instru m en t BASI C pro vi des the abi l ity to ma ss copy all th e file s fro m one memory card to another memory card. Thi s allows you to easily reprodu c e copies without havin g to copy the file s one at a time. Use the followi ng steps : 1 Refer to ?[...]

Eye-Diagr am An alyzer Ref er ence Saving to M ass St orage 6 Issue t he followi ng Instr ument BASIC command to copy t he file s from th e RAM disk to the ne w card: COPY "*:MEMORY, 0, 0" T O ":EXT ERN AL, 904" To Catalog all Files Use this proce dure to catalog defaul t memory . T o select defaul t memory , refe r to “ Sel e[...]

3-43 Eye-Diagram An alyzer Referen ce Saving t o Mass Stor age Entering a File Name without a Keyboar d a Turn the fro nt-pan el knob to move the character-sel ect curso r. b Press SELECT CHAR to enter a character at the charac ter-select cursor . c Press the numeric keypad to ente r numbe rs or a minus sign. d The I NSERT or . .. softk ey dete rmi[...]

Eye-Diagr am An alyzer Ref er ence Saving to M ass St orage To Erase all F iles CAUTIO N This proc ed ure erase s all files st ored in def a u lt memory . T o erase all files i n def ault memor y , press : MENU , page 1 of 2 , Stat es , more 1 o f 2, mass storage , more , FO RMAT To Ch ange the Prefix 1 To mo dify th e pref ix, pr ess: MENU , page [...]

3-45 Eye-Diagram An alyzer Referen ce Saving t o Mass Stor age To Er ase a Cus tom Prefix 1 To erase a custom p refix, press: MENU , page 1 of 2 , Stat es , more 1 o f 2, mass storage , more , CHANGE PREFI X Repea t edly press th e ⇓ ste p key until the cu rsor is locat ed at t he st art of t he custom text. 2 Clear th e tex t by pre ssin g: CLEA[...]

Eye-Diagr am An alyzer Ref er ence Saving to M ass St orage To Save a Mask/ Limit Line File 1 Displ ay the Mas s St o rage men u by pr es sing: States , more 1 of 2 , mass st orage If the mass -s tor age de vice needs to be selecte d , ref er to “ Se lecting and For- matting Memory ” on page 3-34 . 2 Enter the file n ame b y pres sing: save , s[...]

3-47 Eye-Diagram An alyzer Referen ce Creat i ng Copi es of the D i splay Creating Copies of the Display Often , it i s impo rtan t to c reate hard c opie s of th e di splay f or re ports or records. A copy of the displ ay can be printed on any Hewlett-Packa rd graphics prin ter . These pr inters su pport th e Hewlett- Packar d PCL prin ter la ngua[...]

Eye-Diagr am An alyzer Ref er ence Crea tin g Cop i e s of the Dis pl ay 4 Select th e print opti on b y pressi ng : ← , copy optio ns , COPY IS PR T/P L T PRT 5 Creat e th e pr int by pr ess i n g: USER , PRINT To Create a Plot Hard copies can be pro duce d on an Hewl ett-Packard plotte r if the eye -di a- gram an a ly z e r is in patt ern m ode[...]

3-49 Eye-Diagram An alyzer Referen ce Agilent 70820A Us er-Corrections Agilent 7082 0A User-Corrections User c orrect ions pr ovide a conve nient method for mod ifyin g the di splay o f input signa ls. S ome o f th e app licati ons f or us er - corre ctions incl ude t he fo llow- ing: • Filte ri ng inp ut sign a ls to simu late th e effe cts of c[...]

Eye-Diagr am An alyzer Ref er ence Agilent 70820A User-Correct i ons Example User-Cor rections User correcti ons always contain at least two default l ines of d ata, as shown in the f ollo wing fi gure . W hile thes e t wo lin e s of data cann ot be remo ved , yo u ca n modify the ir magni tude or ph ase values. Ne w lines of data ar e eas ily adde[...]

3-51 Eye-Diagram An alyzer Referen ce Agilent 70820A Us er-Corrections Default Data Enter user -cor re ction da t a by: manual ly using f ront- pa n el key s or st oring t he result s of a sweep to use r - c or rection m em o ry . To Ente r th e Use r Correction Menu Display the User C o rr ectio n menu by pr es sing : MENU, pa ge 1 of 2 , Cali b ,[...]

Eye-Diagr am An alyzer Ref er ence Agilent 70820A User-Correct i ons To Delete a Channel ’ s User- Correc tio ns 1 Delete a channel ’ s user- correctio ns b y pres sing: MENU , page 1 of 2 , Cali b, user co rr 2 Select th e de sired chann el by pre ss in g: CH1|C H2 3 Delet e the sele cted c ha n nels u se r- cor re c ti ons by pr es sing : oth[...]

3-53 Eye-Diagram An alyzer Referen ce Agilent 70820A Us er-Corrections The follow ing two fi gures show the effect of s ele cting linear slo pe and fla t types. The tr ace gr aphica lly sh ows th e filte r . With the exc eptio n of th e path t o next FREQ field, the da t a in ea c h fil ter is iden t ical.[...]

Eye-Diagr am An alyzer Ref er ence Agilent 70820A User-Correct i ons To Enter a Line of Data 1 Enter a li ne of data by pres sing: MENU , page 1 of 2 , Calib , user corr , SEL|E D T SEL New line s are adde d ju st above the highlighte d line. Use th e fro nt-pan el knob or arro w k e ys to hig hligh t any fiel d of the li ne which is to be bel ow t[...]

3-55 Eye-Diagram An alyzer Referen ce Agilent 70820A Us er-Corrections To Edit a Line of Data 1 To edit a li ne of data, pr ess: MENU , page 1 of 2 , Calib , user corr, SEL| ED T EDT Use th e front -panel knob, s tep keys , or numeric keypad to chang e the d is- played value. 2 If you are edi ti ng the path to ne xt FREQ fi el d, chang e th e val u[...]

Eye-Diagr am An alyzer Ref er ence Agilent 70820A User-Correct i ons To Copy User- Correc tio n to Alte rnat e Chann el Copy user correcti on to an alt er nate chann el by press in g: MENU , page 1 of 2 , Calib , user corr , other , co py to CH 2 If channe l 2 data is se lected, the softkey r eads copy to CH1. Viewing User -Correction Data This sec[...]

3-57 Eye-Diagram An alyzer Referen ce Agilent 70820A Us er-Corrections To View User- Correc tio ns 1 To vi ew us er-c orrect ions, pre ss: MENU 2 To ente r th e Trac es menu , pr ess: Trac es 3 Select a trace, and then pre ss : input: 4 Use the fron t-panel kn ob to scroll the menu bar to UCORR1 , a s show n in the follo w in g figu re. UCORR1 sets[...]

Eye-Diagr am An alyzer Ref er ence Agilent 70820A User-Correct i ons 7 Set th e fr eque nc y scale of th e user-c o rrect io n trace: • If the microwave trans ition analyzer is set f or a fre quency sweep, use the Main me nu ’ s START and STOP soft keys . • If the microwave transit ion analyzer is set fo r a time s weep, press the Main menu ?[...]

3-59 Eye-Diagram An alyzer Referen ce Agilent 70820A Us er-Corrections Saving, R ecalling , and Catalogi ng User-Corr ection Files User -correct ion data can be save d in fil es and re calle d for lat er use. Th is se c- tion shows you how to accomp lish this task using the 70820A module ’ s mass storage menu. (Y ou can also save, recall, and era[...]

Eye-Diagr am An alyzer Ref er ence Agilent 70820A User-Correct i ons To Recall a User- Corr ec tio n File 1 To recall a user-corre cti on fi le , press: MENU , page 1 of 2, States , more 1 of 2, mass storage If the mass -s tor age de vice needs to be selecte d , ref er to “ Se lecting and Formattin g Memory ” on pag e 3-34 . 2 Rotate the f ront[...]

3-61 Eye-Diagram An alyzer Referen ce Agilent 70820A Calibrati on Agilent 70820A Calibration Use the Calib ration menu to perf o rm th e f ollowin g ta s ks: • Match de lay betwee n chann els . • Initia te an instru men t self- tes t rout ine. • Turn off RF corr ect ion. • Calibra te the IF. • Verify t he calibr ator sig nal. The Calibrat[...]

Eye-Diagr am An alyzer Ref er ence Agilent 70 820A Calibr at i on The Calibr ation Me nu Turning Off RF Corre ction The microwave tr ansition analyze r module applies RF correc tion factors to al l measurements. Th es e correcti on fact ors are loaded into nonvolat ile memory at the factory . Y ou can prevent the use of RF correcti on factors duri [...]

3-63 Eye-Diagram An alyzer Referen ce Agilent 70820A Calibrati on Matching Del ay Betw een Chan nels Significant delay s can occur between the signals on chan ne l 1 and chan ne l 2 when t he ele c trical le ngth s of ex terna l cabli ng varies. This r esult s in a phase offset betwee n the two chann els. The micro wave trans it ion analyze r mo du[...]

Eye-Diagr am An alyzer Ref er ence Agilent 70 820A Calibr at i on Trace 2 Delay Compensated To Delay a Channel Automatically compe nsa te chan ne l 2 by pre ssi ng: MENU , page 1 of 2, Calib , ch an skew , AUTO SKEW Calib rating the IF The microwave transition an alyzer module pr ovides separat e automatic IF c al- ibra tion rou tines for ch annel [...]

3-65 Eye-Diagram An alyzer Referen ce Agilent 70820A Calibrati on Note W arm up time Allow the microwave transiti on analyzer module to warm up for at lea st on e hour befo re perf ormin g a ca librat io n. To Cal i brate the IF 1 Connect a low-loss cable between the front-panel CALIBRATOR OUTPUT and channel 1 connecto rs. 2 To cal ibra te th e IF,[...]

Eye-Diagr am An alyzer Ref er ence Agilent 70 820A Calibr at i on Viewing the Calibr ation Data The ab il ity to v i ew the IF cali br atio n da t a is main ly int ende d for serv ice p ur- poses. Howeve r , the proce dures in this secti on show you how to view the data. To View IF Correc tio n Data Trac es 1 Display the Traces me nu b y pr essing [...]

3-67 Eye-Diagram An alyzer Referen ce Agilent 70820A Calibrati on To Vie w Ha rdw are Res pon se Tr aces 1 Display the traces me nu by pre ssing : MENU , Traces 2 Turn o n both trace 1 and trace 2. Set the input to trace 1 a s channe l 1. Set the input to t race 2 to ch annel 2. 3 Display the 100 kH z filter respo nse of stage 0 by pressing : page [...]

Eye-Diagr am An alyzer Ref er ence Agilent 70 820A Calibr at i on 7 To display the various ha rdwar e resp ons e s, press: page 1 of 2, SHOW CAL Use the front- panel s tep key s to s croll th rough the vari ous hardware respo nses. To View Calibr ation Data 1 Display the Traces me nu b y pr essing : MENU , Traces 2 To make viewin g the c a l ibrat [...]

3-69 Eye-Diagram An alyzer Referen ce Agilent 70820A Calibrati on 5 To view th e dat a fo r c ha nn el 1, pr es s: CH1 C AL INF O 6 To view th e dat a fo r c ha nn el 2, pr es s: CH2 C AL INF O 7 To view additional page s of in format io n, con tin ue press in g: CH1 C AL INF O or CH2 CAL INF O Performing a Self -Test Y ou can i ni tiate an aut oma[...]

Eye-Diagr am An alyzer Ref er ence Agilent 70 820A Calibr at i on To Turn the Calib rator Si gnal On T o turn t he calibr ator s ignal o n, pres s: MENU , page 1 of 2 , Calib , cal signal, cal sig ON|OFF ON To Ch ange the Calib rator Freque ncy and Ampl itu de T o change the calibrator frequen cy and ampli tude, pre ss: MENU , Calib , cal signal, F[...]

4 Programming Com mands[...]

Programming Commands Programming C ommands Programming Commands This chapter docu men ts prog rammin g the eye-d iagram anal y zer . Note Y ou wil l fi nd th e previ ew featu re dis cusse d in t his c hapte r ve ry use ful . It display s the pro grammi ng com m a nd cor respondi ng to the respon se receiv ed when mos t so f tk e ys are press ed . Y[...]

4-3 Programming Comman ds Introduc tion Introduction Before communi cating with the eye-di agram analyze r application, the Instr u- ment BASIC s yste m mu st b e querie d for the name o f the progr am an d t old w e wish to communicate wi th this program. The following exampl e shows how to do this . OUTPUT Mt a;"PRO G:CAT?" !Request li [...]

Programming Commands Introduct ion PROG:W AIT? query to indicat e when the 70874C has pa us ed . Then, re tri e ve the res ponse usi ng the PROG:S TR? query . Use PROG:ST A T e to con tinue pro- gram exec ution . (N otic e th e lowe r c ase l ette r e in PRO G:ST A T e. T his ind icat es the thi s le tter c an b e ent ered in either uppe r or lower[...]

4-5 Programming Comman ds Introduc tion BIT The BIT c om m and str ing sets the inst rument ’ s time scal e (seco nds-per -divi- sion ) to a v alue w hich c orresp onds to the number of bi ts spec ified in the Param va riable. Example OUTP UT Mta; " PRO G: NUM B ’ Pa ram ’ ,3.5" OUTP UT Mt a;"P ROG: STR ’ Command ’ , ’ BI[...]

Programming Commands Introduct ion Example OUTP UT Mt a;"P R OG: ST R ’ Command ’ , ’ CLEAR ’ " OUTP UT Mta; " P R OG: WAIT ? " ENTER M ta;A$ OUTP UT Mt a;"P R OG: ST R? ’ Respo nse ’ " ENT E R Mt a;Re s p onse $ OUTP UT Mta; "PRO G:ST AT CON T" DEFAULT The DEF AULT command string copie s the defa[...]

4-7 Programming Comman ds Introduc tion DELAY The DEL A Y comma n d string se ts the disp laye d del a y value to the numb er of bits s pec ifie d in the Par am va riab le. Example OUTP UT Mta; " PRO G: NUM B ’ Pa ram ’ ,2.75 " OUTP UT Mt a;"P ROG: STR ’ Command ’ , ’ DELAY ’ " OUTP UT Mt a;"P ROG: WAIT ? "[...]

Programming Commands Introduct ion Example OUTP UT Mt a;"P R OG: ST R ’ Para m ’ , ’ EYELINE ’ " OUTP UT Mt a;"P R OG: ST R ’ Command ’ , ’ DI AGR AM ’ " OUTP UT Mta; " P R OG: WAIT ? " ENTER M ta;A$ OUTP UT Mt a;"P R OG: ST R? ’ Respo nse ’ " ENT E R Mt a;Re s p onse $ OUTP UT Mta; "[...]

4-9 Programming Comman ds Introduc tion Example OUTP UT Mt a;"P ROG: STR ’ Command ’ , ’ EXTIN ’ " OUTP UT Mt a;"P ROG: WAIT ? " ENTER M ta;A$ OUTP UT Mt a;"P ROG: STR? ’ Resp onse ’ " ENTER M ta;Respo nse$ OUTP UT Mta; " PRO G: STAT C ONT" MARGIN The MARGIN command st ri ng sets the margin pe rce[...]

Programming Commands Introduct ion Example OUTP UT Mt a;"P R OG: ST R ’ Para m ’ , ’ ON ’ " OUTP UT Mt a;"P R OG: ST R ’ Command ’ , ’ MARMSK ’ " OUTP UT Mta; " P R OG: WAIT ? " ENTER M ta;A$ OUTP UT Mt a;"P R OG: ST R? ’ Respo nse ’ " ENT E R Mt a;Re s p onse $ OUTP UT Mta; "PRO G:ST[...]

4-11 Programming Comman ds Introduc tion Example OUTP UT Mt a;"P ROG: STR ’ Command ’ , ’ MEAS ’ " OUTP UT Mt a;"P ROG: WAIT ? " ENTER M ta;A$ OUTP UT Mt a;"P ROG: STR? ’ Resp onse ’ " ENTER M ta;Respo nse$ OUTP UT Mta; " PRO G: STAT C ONT" PERSIST The PER S IST comm and st r ing cont rols pe rs i[...]

Programming Commands Introduct ion Example OUTP UT Mt a;"P R OG: ST R ’ Para m ’ , ’ COLGRAD ’ " OUTP UT Mt a;"P R OG: ST R ’ Command ’ , ’ PERS IST ’ " OUTP UT Mta; " P R OG: WAIT ? " ENTER M ta;A$ OUTP UT Mt a;"P R OG: ST R? ’ Respo nse ’ " ENT E R Mt a;Re s p onse $ OUTP UT Mta; "P[...]

5 Specifications and Charac teristics[...]

Specificat i ons and Chara c te r ist i c s Specif ications an d Characte ristics Specifications and Cha racteristics This chapter cont ains speci fi cati ons and charac teristi cs for the 71501C and 70874C Jitter and Ey e Diag ram An alyzer . Definitions of Terms The distinc tio n betwe en s pecif icat ions, characteris tics , typical pe rforma nc[...]

5-3 Specifi c at i ons and Charac teristi cs V ertical Specif ications Vertical Spe cif ica tion s Table 5-1. Vertical Specific a tio ns Bandwidt h ( – 3 dB): 20 GH z (extend ed BW off) 40 GH z (extend ed BW on) dc accurachy (±5 ° C fro m cal): The larger of ±2% o f signa l ampltiu de or 500 µV The large r of ±1% of signa l ampltiude or 500 [...]

Specificat i ons and Chara c te r ist i c s Input Cha n ne l Spe cif ica tions Input Channel Specifications CAUTIO N Input chan ne ls RF INPUT 1 and RF INPUT 2 are dc coupled . Table 5-2. Input Chann el Specif ication s Operatio n input ra nge: (in c lu din g dc of fset) <±320 mB Maximum safe input vol tage without damage: ±2 V pk-pk Number of[...]

5-5 Specifi c at i ons and Charac teristi cs T rigge r Specifica tions Trigger Specifica tions Table 5-3. Trigger Spec ifications Operatio n input ra nge: (in c lu din g dc of fset) <±320 mV Maximum safe input vol tage without damage ±2 V pk-pk Number of input channels: 2 Input conn ectors: a a. Incl udes tw o 2.4 mm (f) to 3.5 m m (f) ad apte[...]

Specificat i ons and Chara c te r ist i c s Trigge r Specifi cations Trigger Specifica tions Table 5-4. Trigger Spec ifications Trigger sensi t i vity (dc - 40 GHz) : 65 mV pk-pk (ty p ica l) Jitt er: <2.5 p s rms[...]

5-7 Specifi c at i ons and Charac teristi cs Horizo ntal Sp ecifi c ation s Horizontal Specifications These specif ic ations are for the ey e diagram analyzer on ly . Table 5-5. Horizontal S pecifications Time scale range: (full sc lae i s 10 di vsions) 5 ps/d i v – 100 s/div Delta t ime measuremen t accur acy: (whichev er is larg er) Time delay [...]

Specificat i ons and Chara c te r ist i c s Declara tion of Confo rm ity Declaration of Conformity[...]

Index- 1 Index Numerics 0 level des cr ipt ion , 3-4 1 Level description , 3- 4 10 MH z refe renc e , 1-1 1 70820A calibr ation , 3-6 1 70820A clock c ontrol , 3-21 70820A connect ions , 1-13 70820A menus , 3-1 4 70820A user- c orrecti ons , 3-49 70841A /B patt ern gen erator , 1- 24 A accessories , 1-15 accessories required , 1-14 add time delay ,[...]

Index -2 Index create p rint , 3-47 crossin g le vel desc riptio n , 3-5 custom keyp ad , 1-3 custom mask o r limit line te sting , 2-23 custom prefix , 3-45 D data pattern display , 2-2 7 data sig na l conf igu rat io n , 2-2 data, user-corrections , 3-20 date and time viewing , 3-21 date code of firmware , 3-20 dc offset compens ation , 3-23 defa[...]

Index- 3 Index eye-diagram anal yzer reference , 3-2 eye-diagram anal yzer, calibrating , 3-23 eye-diagram me nus , 3-12 eyeline software filters , 1-9 eyeline mo de , 1-5 , 1-7 , 2-13 F fails, pro gram lo ading , 1- 17 fast amplitude and phase transitions , 3-5 features of modes , 1-5 fiber optics care of , 1-iv file prefix es , 3-40 files user-co[...]

Index -4 Index markers turned on , 2-13 markers, menu s , 3-13 MARMSK command , 4-9 mask align , 3- 32 mask and limit lines , 1-8 mask ma rgins , 3-32 mask or li mit line creatio n , 2-24 mask or li mit line editing , 2-24 mask setup menu , 3-33 mask testi ng applying , 3-3 1 modes available , 1-5 masks an d limit lin es , 3- 9 masks a nd limit lin[...]

Index- 5 Index printing , 3-47 PROG STR? to read response , 4-3 program failed to lo ad , 1-17 program variables, values , 4-5 programming command s , 4-2 programming command s, preview , 3- 20 Q QUIT command , 4-12 R RAM disks , 3-35 read response, PROG STR? , 4-3 rear-panel connections , 1-13 recall files , 3-43 rec all, mask or l imit lin e , 3-[...]

Index -6 Index trigger level, m anua lly se t , 1-25 trigger sourc e , 1-22 trigger, menu s , 3-12 turn calibrator s ignal on , 3-70 turning off RF correcti on , 3-62 tutori als application , 2- 2 constructing a low-pass filter fro m a transfer function , 2-30 create a horizontal histogram , 2-4 1 create a vertical histogram , 2-36 default and cust[...]