Applied Innovation Router AI2524 manuale d’uso

AISwitch TM AI2524 Router User’s Manual App lied I nn ovati on In c. August 1997[...]

AI252 4 Router User’s Manual AISw itch TM[...]

Applied In novation Inc. AI2524 Router User’s Manual August 1997 Refe rence 2524UM[...]

AI2524 Router Us er’s Manual Au gus t 1997 2524UM Copyright Not ice Copyri ght © 1983-1 997 by Ap plied Inno vation Incorpor ated (AI I). The material discussed in this manu al is the p ropr ieta ry pr op er ty of A II . A II r et a ins a l l ri ghts to reprod u ct ion and distribution of this documen t. AIS witch, AISw itc h Se ries 1 80, an d [...]

AI2524 Router Card User’s Manual August 19 97 TOC -1 2524UM Conten t s Cha pter 1 : Int rod uction .. .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... 1-1 Docu men tation Ov erview ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ........ ...... ...... ........[...]

AI2524 Router Card User’s Manual TOC -2 Au gust 199 7 2524UM Com ma nd M odes . .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... ............. 4-3 User EXEC Mode Comm ands .... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... ........ ........ ........ ........ ............. 4-6 Privi[...]

AI2524 Router Card User’s Manual August 19 97 TOC -3 2524UM Use S etup a fter Fir st-Ti me Startup .... ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ . . . . . . ........ 5-19 Use t he Stre amlined Se tup F a cility ...... ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ............ 5 -27 Chapter 6: Using t he System Configuration D[...]

AI2524 Router Card User’s Manual TOC -4 Au gust 199 7 2524UM Gener ate a Defau lt Rou te ... ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ .............. 8-7 Confi gur e Looku p of DN S Names .... .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ........ 8-7 Forc e the Rou ter ID C hoice w[...]

AI2524 Router Card User’s Manual August 19 97 TOC -5 2524UM Example: Dyn a mic Routing in O ve rlapping Areas .. ........ ........ ........ ........ ....... 9 -13 Exam ple: Dy namic In terdom a in R outing . ........ ........ . ..... . ..... . ..... . ..... . ..... . ........ 9-15 Confi gure ISO IGR P Para meters ...... .... .... .... .... .... .[...]

AI2524 Router Card User’s Manual TOC -6 Au gust 199 7 2524UM Confi gure Mis cel l aneou s TA RP P DU Infor mation ...... ........ ........ ........ ........... 9 -64 Monitor and Mai ntain the TARP Protocol ... ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ... ....... 9 -64 Exam ples: T A RP Co n figu ration . .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .[...]

AI2524 Router Card User’s Manual August 19 97 TOC -7 2524UM Chapter 12: AI2524 X.25 Configuration Steps .. .. . ........................ .. . ................. .. . ...12-1 Intro duction . ........ ........ ........ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [...]

AI2524 Router Card User’s Manual TOC -8 Au gust 199 7 2524UM Subst itute Addresses in a Local X.25 Rout .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .... .... .... . ....... 12-39 Confi gur e X O T Alt ern a te Destinations .... .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ....... 12-39 Confi gure CM N S Routing . .. .... [...]

AI2524 Router Card User’s Manual August 19 97 TOC -9 2524UM Confi gur e LA PF Par am eters ... .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ......... 13-12 Confi gure Fra m e Rela y Tr a ffic S h aping.... .... .... .... .... .... ...... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... ........... 1 3-13 Enable F[...]

AI2524 Router Card User’s Manual TOC -10 Au gust 199 7 2524UM Chapter 15: 56/64-kbp s Switched and Digit al Dat a Services (DD S) In terface Config- urat io n S te ps .. ... .... . .... ... .... . .... ... .... . .... ... .... . .... ... .... . .... ... .... ... .... . .... ... .... . .... ... .... . .... ... .. .15- 1 Intro duction . ........ ..[...]

Chapt er 1: Introduc tion August 19 97 Page 1-1 2524UM Chapter 1: Introduction Documen tation Overview This ma nu a l d ocu ments the use a nd opera tio n of the A I2524 in an AISwitch system. These t opic s are co vered : Chapter 1 Intro duction This ch apter pro v id es a docume ntatio n over- vi ew , re l at ed d o cum ent ati o n , co n t a ct [...]

AI2524 Router Card User’s Manual Page 1-2 Au gus t 1997 2524UM Chapter 8 AI25 24 Pro tocol Co nfigurat ion Steps This chapte r de scribe s h ow to co nfigur e th AI25 24 for OSPF TCP/ IP, I GR P TCP /IP, and RIP T CP/IP . Chapter 9 AI25 2 4 OSI/C LNP C onfigurat ion Steps This chapte r de scribe s h ow to co nfigur e th AI252 4 for IS O IGR P dyn[...]

Chapt er 1: Introduc tion August 19 97 Page 1-3 2524UM Chap ter 18 System Erro r Mess ages This chapter contain s a link to the A I2524/ Cisco IOS v. 11 .2 documentatio n CD . Chap ter 19 Debu g Co mm a nd Refe r ence This chapter contain s a link to the A I2524/ Cisco IOS v. 11 .2 documentatio n CD . Appendix A AI Swi t ch Releas e N ot e In c lu [...]

AI2524 Router Card User’s Manual Page 1-4 Au gus t 1997 2524UM Contact Information To re gister doc um entati on, c on t act Ap p l ied I nn ov at i on Inc. at: Registe r yo ur do cumentat ion by completing the reg istrat ion f orm. The most current version o f r elease notes and the AI198 CLC U ser’s Manu al are avai lable on t he Applied In n[...]

Chapt er 1: Introduc tion August 19 97 Page 1-5 2524UM Text Conventio ns Im portant c o nc ep t s t hr ou ghou t this ma nual are em p hasized with these specia l text styles : [Buttons ] Funct i on bu tton s that app ear on a scree n ar shown in reg ular body text and e nc losed in squar e brac kets. For exa mple: [Close] [Sen d] Comm an ds In com[...]

AI2524 Router Card User’s Manual Page 1-6 Au gus t 1997 2524UM [Optional Arguments] Some a rguments are opti onal. Th is means that you have the cho ice of in c lu ding them or not. Option al argumen ts are shown e nclosed in s q uar e bracke t s, w hi ch ar e not enter ed. For ex am ple : avrestore [ dire ctor y ] m e a ns t h at you type avre s[...]

Chapt er 1: Introduc tion August 19 97 Page 1-7 2524UM Lab el s Labels are use d in diagrams to desig nat phys ic al c ompo nent s such a s jumper s traps, switches, and cable co nnector s. For e xam- ple: COM1 BOOT1 If the physical c om p onent being des cr ibed is part of the t ext, it appears as regul ar t ype: To rese t the C OM1 port con necto[...]

AI2524 Router Card User’s Manual Page 1-8 Au gus t 1997 2524UM[...]

Chapter 2: A I2524 Overview August 19 97 Page 2-1 AI2524UM Chapter 2: AI2524 Overview Introd uction This c hapter de s c ribes t h e C isco I OS s oftwar e fe atures a nd th e AI2524 hardware s pecificati ons. The A I2524 mul ti-protoco l router adds the Cisco I nternet w orking Op erating S ystem (IOS TM ) rou ting software to the NEBS com pliant [...]

AI2524 Router Card User’s Manual Page 2-2 Au gus t 1997 AI2524UM RS-232 DTE or D CE, EIA-530 DTE, RS-449 DTE or DCE, O R V.35, DTE or DCE, up to E1 spe eds. Software Features and Funct ions The AI 2524 incorporat es Cisc o IOS so f tw are. Thi s software provides: z Scal ability z Reliab l e, Ad a pti ve Routing z Remote Ac cess and Protoc ol Tra[...]

Chapter 2: A I2524 Overview August 19 97 Page 2-3 AI2524UM also provi des netw ork access t o terminals , printer s, work statio ns, and other net work s. On LANs, t erminal se rvices su p port Transmiss ion Control Protoc ol/ Inter net Protocol ( TCP/IP) on UNIX machines w ith Te lnet and r login connec tions. You can use the rou ter to make co nn[...]

AI2524 Router Card User’s Manual Page 2-4 Au gus t 1997 AI2524UM Figur e 2-1:Remote Acc e ss Fu nctionality Figure 2-1 il lu st ra t es the fun ct i on s av ai la ble on a ccess servers: z Remo t e no de s e rvi c e i s d e mo nstr at ed b y th e tel e commu ter ’ s (re- mote) PC co n nect i on running SLIP , PPP, CSLIP , o r XRemote z Terminal[...]

Chapter 2: A I2524 Overview August 19 97 Page 2-5 AI2524UM Management and Secu rity The Cisco IOS software prov ides an arr ay of network ma na gement and secur ity c apabilit ies. I ntegr ated m anage m en t simplifi es adm inis- trati ve procedu res and shorten s the tim e r equired to dia gnose and fix prob lems. Auto mated o pe rations red uce [...]

AI2524 Router Card User’s Manual Page 2-6 Au gus t 1997 AI2524UM WAN protocols z Frame R elay z Hi g h -Lev el Data L ink C on trol (HDLC) z PPP z X.25 a Network protocols z IP z OSI Con nectionl ess Network Services (CLNS) and Con nec tion Mode Network S ervi ces (CM NS ) IP Rout ing Protocols The C isco IOS so ftware support s IP ro uting prot [...]

Chapter 2: A I2524 Overview August 19 97 Page 2-7 AI2524UM Conne ctions External Connection Requirements The AI25 24 provides LAN and WAN access in a mod u lar router plat- form . The rout er includes an Ethe rnet (A UI or 10Bas eT) LA N c onnec- tion , and acc ommodates two sync hronous serial modules. The sy nc hr onou s s er ial W AN m od ule s [...]

AI2524 Router Card User’s Manual Page 2-8 Au gus t 1997 AI2524UM[...]

Chapter 3: Configur a tion Overview August 19 97 Page 3-1 2524UM Chapter 3: Configuration Overview Introd uction This ch ap t er pr o v ide s a br ie f o v erv i ew of th ree ways th at t he AI2524 can be con figured incl u ding: z Confi gurat ion Mode z AutoIn stall z System Con figurat ion Dial og Thes e three and other proc e du res are desc rib[...]

AI2524 Router Card User’s Manual Page 3-2 Au gus t 1997 2524UM 5. If a v alid con fig ura tion file is no t f o u nd in NV RAM, the router runs the System Confi guration Dialog so you can configure it man ually. Fo r nor mal route r opera tion, th ere must b e a va lid Cisco IOS i ma ge in F lash m emor y an d a c onfigur atio n file i n NVRAM. T[...]

Chapter 3: Configur a tion Overview August 19 97 Page 3-3 2524UM 3. After a fe w s econds you wi ll see t he user EXEC prompt (Router> . Enter t he enable c ommand to ent er en able m ode. You can only ma ke con figu rat ion changes in ena ble mode. Router > en a bl e The pro mpt change s to the pri vilege d EXEC (ena ble) prompt : Router # 4[...]

AI2524 Router Card User’s Manual Page 3-4 Au gus t 1997 2524UM Save the Configu ration To make your ch anges per manent, e nter the copy running-con- fig startup-config comm and at the e nabl e p rompt: Router # co py r unning-c onfi g st artup-co nfi g The r ou ter is no w con fig ur e d and wil l boot with the configura tio n you entere d. Conf[...]

Chapter 3: Configur a tion Overview August 19 97 Page 3-5 2524UM z Which WAN protocols you w ill run on ea ch interface (for exam ple: Fr ame R elay, HDL C, SMDS , and X.25) z Which rou ting protocol yo u will use f or e ach netw ork pr otocol The Cisco IOS software prov ides a u ser inte rfa ce called a command inte rpreter , or EXEC, that al lows[...]

AI2524 Router Card User’s Manual Page 3-6 Au gus t 1997 2524UM Use the Web Browser Inter f ace You can is sue mo st of the AI2524 commands using a W eb brow ser. You acce ss the W e b Browser in terface t hrough t he rout e r's home page. AI2524 r out ers loaded with the latest versi on of the Ci sco IOS soft- ware have a hom e page, whic h [...]

Chapter 4: Understanding the User Interf ace August 19 97 Page 4-1 2524UM Chapter 4: Understanding the User Interface Introd uction This chap ter descri bes the feat u r es of the us er in t erfa ce.The AI2524 user inte rface p rovides ac cess to seve ral d ifferent comma nd modes. Each co mm and mode pr o vi d es a grou p of rel at ed commands. Th[...]

AI2524 Router Card User’s Manual Page 4-2 Au gus t 1997 2524UM featur e th at is disa b l ed by defaul t. For example, I P rout ing is enabled by defaul t. To di s able IP routing, s p ecify the no ip routing com - mand and spe cify ip routing to reenable i t. The user int erface als o provides con text-sens itive he lp for c ommand syn tax. This[...]

Chapter 4: Understanding the User Interf ace August 19 97 Page 4-3 2524UM Comman d Modes This s ecti on desc ribes how to access each of th e A I2524 com mand mod es , i nc l uding: z User EXEC Mode Comm ands z Privil eged EXEC Mode Command s z ROM Mon itor Mode C ommands z Global Config urat i on Mo de Commands Thes e comma nd modes are accessi bl[...]

AI2524 Router Card User’s Manual Page 4-4 Au gus t 1997 2524UM config urat ion command. The fol lowing ta ble does not incl ude all o the pos sible ways t o access or exit ea ch com mand mode. For all comma nd modes, ty ping a qu estion mark (?) at the prompt will list th e commands av ailab le. Ref er to Con text-S ensiti ve Help , f or more inf[...]

Chapter 4: Understanding the User Interf ace August 19 97 Page 4-5 2524UM Command Mode Ac cess Metho d Pro mpt Exi t M e thod User EXEC Log in. Router> Us e the logo ut co mma nd. Pri vil eged EXEC From user EXEC mod e, type enab le (requires a pass wor d). Router# T o ex it back to us e r EXEC mode , ty pe disa ble . T o e nter globa l c onf ig[...]

AI2524 Router Card User’s Manual Page 4-6 Au gus t 1997 2524UM User EXEC Mod e Commands After you log in to the rou ter or acce ss server, you are automa tically in user EX EC c ommand mode. The EXE C commands av ailable at th user level are a su bset of tho se available at the privile ged lev el. In gen- eral , the user EXEC c om mands allow you[...]

Chapter 4: Understanding the User Interf ace August 19 97 Page 4-7 2524UM Router > ? Exec c omma nds: <1-99> Sessio n nu mber to resum e connec t Op en a ter mina l connec tion discon nect Discon nect an existing telnet sess i o n enable Turn o n pr ivil eged com mand s exit Exit f rom the EXEC help Descri ption of the interac tive hel p s[...]

AI2524 Router Card User’s Manual Page 4-8 Au gus t 1997 2524UM Router > en able Passwo rd: Router # ? Exec c omma nds: bfe For ma nual emergen cy m odes set ting clear Re set functions clock Ma nage the system clock config ure Enter configuration mod e connec t Op en a ter mina l connec tion copy Copy a con fig file t o or from a tftp s erve r[...]

Chapter 4: Understanding the User Interf ace August 19 97 Page 4-9 2524UM You can also e nter ROM monitor mod e b y entering the re load EXEC comman d and then p ress ing <Break> durin g t he fi rst 60 sec- ond s of syst em s tartup. To sav e chang es to the co nfi gura tion f ile, us the copy running-config startup-config c omman d be- fore [...]

AI2524 Router Card User’s Manual Page 4-10 Au gus t 1997 2524UM Global Configuration M ode Commands Glob al c onfigu rati on comman ds apply to feat ures that affect the sys- tem as a whole . Use the configure privi leged EXEC c ommand to enter glob al configurat ion mo de . When yo u ente r this c omma nd, the syste m EXEC pr ompts you for the s[...]

Chapter 4: Understanding the User Interf ace August 19 97 Page 4-11 2524UM Router # co nfig ure Config urin g fr om termi nal, memory, or network [terminal]? Enter configura tion comman ds, one per line. End with CNTL ⁄ Z Router (con fig) # ? Config ure commands : access -lis t Add an acc ess list entr y apollo Apollo glo bal configuration comman[...]

AI2524 Router Card User’s Manual Page 4-12 Au gus t 1997 2524UM tn3270 tn3270 configu ration comma nd userna me Establ ish User Name Authentica tion vines Vines global configuration command s X.25 X.25 L evel 3 xns XNS gl obal configu rati on c ommands Interface C onfiguration Mode Commands Man y fea tures are enabled on a per- interf ace ba sis.[...]

Chapter 4: Understanding the User Interf ace August 19 97 Page 4-13 2524UM Router (con fig) # interf ace seria l 0 Router (config- if)# ? Interf ace configuration commands: access -exp ress ion Build a bridge boolean access expr essi on apollo Apollo interfa ce s ubcomman ds applet alk Applet alk interface subcommands arp Set ar p ty pe ( arpa, pr [...]

AI2524 Router Card User’s Manual Page 4-14 Au gus t 1997 2524UM transm itte r-de lay Set de ad-t ime after transmitting a datagram tunnel protoc ol-over- protocol tunneli ng tx-que ue-l imit Config ure card level transmit queu e li mit vines Vi nes interface subcommands xns XNS in terf ace subcomman d s Subint erfac e Configuratio n Mode Commands[...]

Chapter 4: Understanding the User Interf ace August 19 97 Page 4-15 2524UM Router (con fig) # interf ace seria l 2 Router (config- if)# enc apsulati on f rame-re lay Router (con fig- if)# int erfa ce seria l 2. 1 Router (con fig- subif)# ? Interf ace configuration commands: apollo Apollo interfa ce s ubcomman ds applet alk Applet alk interface subc[...]

AI2524 Router Card User’s Manual Page 4-16 Au gus t 1997 2524UM This e xample displays how a ro uter is c onfigure d to s upport the Rout- ing Info rm ation Protoco l (RIP) . Router (con fig) # router rip Router (config- router)# ? router configu ration comma nds: defaul t-in form ation Contro l di stri bution o f de faul t inform atio n defaul t[...]

Chapter 4: Understanding the User Interf ace August 19 97 Page 4-17 2524UM Route-Map Con figuration Mode Use t he route-m ap con figura tio n mode to config ure routing table and sou rce and des tina tion informa tion. In t his exam ple, a route map named arizon a1 is con figured. Router (con fig) # route -map ari zona1 Router (con fig- route-ma p)[...]

AI2524 Router Card User’s Manual Page 4-18 Au gus t 1997 2524UM In this exa mple, an IP a ccess li st n amed fl ag is cre ated an d the com - mands avai lable in access-l ist configuration mode are listed. Router (config) # ip access- list ext ended flag Router (con fig- ext-nacl )# ? Ext Ac cess List co nfig urat ion commands: deny Specif y pa c[...]

Chapter 4: Understanding the User Interf ace August 19 97 Page 4-19 2524UM Warning: When using cont ext-sensit ive hel p, the space (or lack of a spa ce) b efore th e questio n mark (?) is signi ficant. Get Word Help To obtain a list of commands that begi n with a par ticular c hara cter se- quence , t ype in th ose ch aracters fo llowed im mediate[...]

AI2524 Router Card User’s Manual Page 4-20 Au gus t 1997 2524UM Router # co ? config ure conn ect copy z Enter the con figur e command follo wed by a space a nd a ques- tion mark (?) to list the comman d's keywords and a br i ef e xplana- tion : Router # co nfig ure ? memory Config ure from NV memo r y networ k Co nfigure from a TFTP netw or[...]

Chapter 4: Understanding the User Interf ace August 19 97 Page 4-21 2524UM Router (con fig) # access -lis t 99 ? deny Sp ecify pa cket s to rej ect permit Sp ecify pa cket s to for ward z Enter the de ny keyword f ollowed by a ques tion mark (?) to list addi tional o pt ions: Router (con fig) # access -lis t 99 den y ? A.B.C. D Ad dress to mat ch z[...]

AI2524 Router Card User’s Manual Page 4-22 Au gus t 1997 2524UM The help out pu t shows that the set key word is r equired. C h eck the syn- tax for enteri ng the t ime: Router # cl ock set ? hh:mm: ss Curren t ti me Router # cl ock s e t Enter the curr ent time: Router # cl ock set 13:3 2:00 % Incomplete comman d . The s ystem indicate s that yo[...]

Chapter 4: Understanding the User Interf ace August 19 97 Page 4-23 2524UM Enter the year us in g the c orrect s yntax and pres s < Ent er> to execut the co mmand. Router # cl ock set 13:3 2:00 23 February 1 9 9 7 Comman d Hi st or y F e a t u re s The Cisco IOS softw ar e user interface provides a histo ry, or record, o command s that you ha[...]

AI2524 Router Card User’s Manual Page 4-24 Au gus t 1997 2524UM Editing F eatures The c urren t soft ware rel ease i nc lu de s a n en han ce d e di ti ng m ode that prov ides a set of ed iting key f unc tion s similar to tho se of the Emacs edit or. Notes: z Many o f th e commands des cribed in this section r efer to a rrow keys a s wel l as alt[...]

Chapter 4: Understanding the User Interf ace August 19 97 Page 4-25 2524UM Reca ll the nex t b uffer e n try. The bu ffer c ontains only th e last 10 items you have delet ed o r cut. If you press <E sc- Y> mo re than 10 tim es, you will cyc le ba ck to the first buffer en try. Pres s <Esc -Y> Erase t he ch aracte r to the left of t he c[...]

AI2524 Router Card User’s Manual Page 4-26 Au gus t 1997 2524UM Edit Command Li ne s that Wrap The Cisc o I OS software assumes th at you have a terminal screen that is 80 characters wid e. I f y our t erm inal d ispla ys a d iffer e nt nu mber of charact ers on each li ne, use the terminal width com mand. When the curso r reaches th e right marg[...]

Chapter 4: Understanding the User Interf ace August 19 97 Page 4-27 2524UM Web Browser In terf ace You can issue most of the AI2524 commands using a Web brow ser. This AI25 24 featu re is accessed by using the Web Br owser i nterface, whic h i s ac cess ed fr o m t h e route r 's h o me page. From the router 's ho me page, click on t he M[...]

AI2524 Router Card User’s Manual Page 4-28 Au gus t 1997 2524UM Access Your Router's H o me Page Per f o rm these st eps to ac ce ss the home page for yo ur ro u ter or access server : 1. Enter the na me of the rou ter o r ac cess s erver in the URL field o f your We b br o w ser an d pres s <En ter >. Th e b r owser prom pts you for t[...]

Chapter 4: Understanding the User Interf ace August 19 97 Page 4-29 2524UM Issue Commands Usi ng the Web Browser Interface To issue comman ds usi ng the Web B rowser interfa ce, click Monitor the rou ter in the first l ist o f hy per text links o n the h ome pag e. T his dis- plays the Web pag e shown in Figur e 4-2 . Figur e 4-2:The Command Field [...]

AI2524 Router Card User’s Manual Page 4-30 Au gus t 1997 2524UM Enter Commands Usin g the Command Field Entering t he command in the com mand field is ju st like e nte ring it at a termin al console . If y ou are uncerta in of the opt ions availa ble for partic ular com mand , ty pe a questio n ma rk (?). For exam ple, typing show ? i n t he comm[...]

Chapter 5: Using AutoInstall August 19 97 Page 5-1 2524UM Chapter 5: Using AutoIn stall Introd uction Thi s cha pter prov ides i nformation about A utoIns tal l, a proce dure that al l ow s y ou t o co nfi g u re a n ew route r au tom atic all y and d y namically. The AutoInsta ll proced ure i nvolve s conn ect in g a new router t o a net- work whe[...]

AI2524 Router Card User’s Manual Page 5-2 Au gus t 1997 2524UM AutoIns tall Requirement s The AutoInsta ll proc ess i s design ed to config ure the router a uto mati- call y after connection to your W AN. In orde r for AutoIn stall to work proper ly, a Tr ansm ission C ontr ol Prot o col/ Inter net P rotocol (TCP /IP) host on y ou r n etwork must[...]

Chapter 5: Using AutoInstall August 19 97 Page 5-3 2524UM 3. An IP add ress -t o -hos t name mapp in g fo r t h e n ew ro ut er mus t b e added to a Domain Naming Sys tem (DNS) dat abase file. z If the existing rou ter is to he lp automat ically in stall th e new route via an HDLC-enca psulated serial int erface usi ng Ser ial L ine Ad- dress Reso [...]

AI2524 Router Card User’s Manual Page 5-4 Au gus t 1997 2524UM Use a DOS-Based TFTP Server AutoIn sta ll over F r ame Relay and ot her W AN encapsu lat i ons support downlo ading config ur atio n files from UNIX-based and DOS-based TFTP ser vers. Oth er boot i ng m ec h an i s ms su ch a s RARP an d SLARP also sup port UN IX- based an d D OS- bas[...]

Chapter 5: Using AutoInstall August 19 97 Page 5-5 2524UM How AutoIn sta ll Works Once the requ ir ements for using AutoIn st all are m et , the dynami c con- figura tion of th e ne w rout er oc curs i n t h is or der: 1. T he new router a cquires its IP a ddre ss . Depending o n the i nterface conne ctio n betw een the t wo routers a nd/or a c c e[...]

AI2524 Router Card User’s Manual Page 5-6 Au gus t 1997 2524UM Figur e 5-1:Using SLARP to A c quir e th e N e w Rout er's IP Address z In respo nse to BOOTP or RARP requ ests, an IP a ddress is sent fro m the B OOT P or R ARP serv er to n ewrout er. A BOOTP or RA RP server must h ave alrea dy been set up to map newrout er' s MAC address[...]

Chapter 5: Using AutoInstall August 19 97 Page 5-7 2524UM Figur e 5-2:Use B OOTP or R ARP to Acq ui re the New Router's IP Addr ess AutoIn stall over Frame Re lay is a special case in that the ex isting router a cts as a BO OTP se rver an d res ponds to th e incom ing BOOTP re q ue st . O nl y a h el per add res s and a F rame Rela y map need [...]

AI2524 Router Card User’s Manual Page 5-8 Au gus t 1997 2524UM Figur e 5-3:Dynamically Resolve the Ne w Router's IP Ad- dr ess-to- Hos t Nam e Map ping[...]

Chapter 5: Using AutoInstall August 19 97 Page 5-9 2524UM The networ k-confg fi le is a c onfigur ati on file gene ra lly sh ar ed b y sev- eral r out e rs . In this case, i t map s th e IP a ddr ess of t h e n ew router (jus t obta ined dynamica lly) to the name of t he new router . The f ile net work- confg must reside o n a re achable T FTP ser [...]

AI2524 Router Card User’s Manual Page 5-10 Au gus t 1997 2524UM When u sing AutoIns tall o ver F ra me Rel ay, y ou a re pu t in to se tup mode while the Au toInst all pr o cess is runn ing. If the c onfig uration file is successfully installe d, t he set up p rocess i s termin ated . If you expect the AutoInst all process to be s uccessful, eith[...]

Chapter 5: Using AutoInstall August 19 97 Page 5-11 2524UM Perform the AutoIns tall Procedure To dy namically c onfi g ure a ne w r o uter us ing Auto Install , complete these tasks. S teps 1, 2, and 3 are c omple ted by the ce nt ral administra- tor. Step 4 is com plete d by the p erson at t he re m o te s ite. 1. Modify the existing router '[...]

AI2524 Router Card User’s Manual Page 5-12 Au gus t 1997 2524UM 4. O p tio na l ly, co nfi gure a DCE clock rate for t he serial lin e , unless an exte rnal cloc k is bei ng use d. This s tep is needed o nly f or DCE appl iques . clock rate bps 5. T o ex i t con f igurati o n mode, pre ss <Ctr l-Z>. 6. Sa ve t he conf i gu ration fi le to y[...]

Chapter 5: Using AutoInstall August 19 97 Page 5-13 2524UM 5. Save the configurat ion file t o your star tup conf igurat ion. This step saves t h e con f igu r ation t o NVRAM. copy running-config startup-config Typi ca lly , the loca l-ar ea n e twork (LAN) in terface and IP add ress ar alrea dy conf igured on the ex isting rou ter. Yo u might nee[...]

AI2524 Router Card User’s Manual Page 5-14 Au gus t 1997 2524UM 4. Enter an IP address f or the in terface. T his ste p sets t he IP address of the exis ting r outer. ip address address mask 5. Co nf i gur e a he lp er addr e ss fo r the TFT P s erver. ip helper-address addr es s 3 6. O p tio na l ly, co nfi gure a DCE clock rate for t he serial [...]

Chapter 5: Using AutoInstall August 19 97 Page 5-15 2524UM 1. Enable TFTP on a server. Cons ult your hos t ve ndor's TFTP serve docum ent atio n and R FCs 9 06 and 783. 2. If y ou want to use a n etwork-c onfg or c isconet.c fg file to resolve the new router 's name, create th e network -conf g or ci scone t.cfg fil e c o n taining an IP [...]

AI2524 Router Card User’s Manual Page 5-16 Au gus t 1997 2524UM net t o con n ect t o th e new r ou ter from t h e exist in g route r and use the setup f acility to config ure the r est of th e interfac es. For exampl e, th line in t h e ne twork- c onfg or ci sc on et .c fg fi l e could be si milar to: ip hos t ne wrouter 131.108.170.1 Th i s ho[...]

Chapter 5: Using AutoInstall August 19 97 Page 5-17 2524UM 2. If RARP is to be used to resolv e the ne w router 's IP address, con- figure your R ARP server. R efer to y our hos t vendor 's manual pages a nd t o RF C 903. This ex ample host configu ratio n file contains the mi n imum set of command s needed for A utoInstal l using RARP. I[...]

AI2524 Router Card User’s Manual Page 5-18 Au gus t 1997 2524UM Note: Verify th at the existing and new ro uters and/or access servers a re conne cted before e ntering th c opy running-config startup-config EXEC com ma n d to s a ve co nfig ura tion c ha ng es . Us e the pi ng EXEC c o mm and t o ver ify co nnecti vi ty. I f an i nc o rrect conf [...]

Chapter 5: Using AutoInstall August 19 97 Page 5-19 2524UM Use Setup f or Configu ration Changes The setup co mman d fac ilit y is an i nteractive fa cil ity that al lows you to perfo rm first -time confi guration and o ther b as ic configu rat ion proce- dures o n all ro uters. The f acility prompts you to en ter basic informa- tion neede d t o st[...]

AI2524 Router Card User’s Manual Page 5-20 Au gus t 1997 2524UM provid es you with a high -level vie w of th e config uration and guides you through the conf igu rat i on c hang e process. Additi onally , if you are n ot familiar w ith the comma nd p arser, the setup c omm and fa ci li t y is a pa rt ic ul a rly v al uab l e t ool b ec au s e it [...]

Chapter 5: Using AutoInstall August 19 97 Page 5-21 2524UM Note: If any problems ex ist with the config u ration fi le po inted to in NVRAM , or i f the ig nore NVRAM bit is set in th conf igu ration re gis te r , th e router en te r s t h e streaml ined setup c omm a nd faci lity . Ref er to Use t he Streamline d Setu p F acility , for more inform[...]

AI2524 Router Card User’s Manual Page 5-22 Au gus t 1997 2524UM Config ure Async lines? [yes ] : Async l ine speed [9600]: 576 0 0 Configu re f or H W flow c ontr ol? [yes] : Configu re f or m odems? [ yes/ no]: yes Confi gure for def ault cha t sc ript? [ yes] : no Configu re f or D ial-in I P SL IP/P PP acce ss? [no]: yes Confi gure for Dyn ami[...]

Chapter 5: Using AutoInstall August 19 97 Page 5-23 2524UM Apple Talk startin g ca ble range [2] : Apple Talk ending cable ra nge [2]: Apple Talk zone na me [ ZZ S erial]: AppleTal k ad ditional zone name: Configu re I PX o n this i nter face ? [yes] : IPX net work num ber [2]: Config urin g in terface Async 1 : IPX net work num ber [4]: Default cl[...]

AI2524 Router Card User’s Manual Page 5-24 Au gus t 1997 2524UM Default cli ent I P addre ss f or this interface [172.16.72.19] : The fo llow ing configuration command script was created : hostna me R oute r enable secret 5 $1$krIg$emfYm/1OwHVspDuS8Gy0K enable passwor d ww line v ty 0 4 passwo rd w w snmp-s erve r co mmunity publi c ! no dec net [...]

Chapter 5: Using AutoInstall August 19 97 Page 5-25 2524UM applet alk cable-ra nge 2-2 2.2 applet alk zone ZZ Seri a l ipx ne twor k 2 no mop enabled ! Interf ace Async 1 ipx ne twor k 4 ip unn umbered Ethernet0 async defa ult i p address 172.16.72. 4 async mode interac tive ! Interf ace Async 2 ipx ne twor k 5 ip unn umbered Ethernet0 async defa u[...]

AI2524 Router Card User’s Manual Page 5-26 Au gus t 1997 2524UM ! Interf ace Async 9 ipx ne twor k C ip unn umbered Ethernet0 async defa ult i p address 172.16.72. 1 2 async mode interac tive ! Interf ace Async 1 0 ipx ne twor k D ip unn umbered Ethernet0 async defa ult i p address 172.16.72. 1 3 async mode interac tive ! Interf ace Async 1 1 ipx[...]

Chapter 5: Using AutoInstall August 19 97 Page 5-27 2524UM Use th is c onfi guration ? [y es/n o]: y e s Buildi ng c onfi guration ... Use th e en able d mode ' conf igur e' comma nd t o m odify th is c onfigura tion . Router # Use the Streamlined Setup Facility The streamlined setu p comman d fac ilit y is availab le only if you route r [...]

AI2524 Router Card User’s Manual Page 5-28 Au gus t 1997 2524UM Note : The messag e C onfigur ing int erface IP para meters for netbo oting on ly app ears if you a re boot ing over a network server and your c onfigurat ion ha s insuffi cient IP informa tion. Th e s tr e aml in e d s et up co mm an d f a ci l it y co nti n ues , pr ompting you fo [...]

Chapter 6: Using t he System Configuration Dialog August 19 97 Page 6-1 2524UM Chapter 6: Using the System Configuration Dialog Introd uction Thi s chap ter de scr ibes th e S ystem Configu rati on Dialo g process using a s ample confi gur ation. The System Con figu ration Di alog can be manual ly used to c onfigur e the ro uter instead of using Au[...]

AI2524 Router Card User’s Manual Page 6-2 Au gus t 1997 2524UM in th e subnet field ( if appl icable) of the Ethe rn et an d syn chronous se- rial po rts. Take thes e steps to configure the rou ter using the Sy stem Conf i gura tion Dia log: 1. Conne ct a con sole term inal to the consol e con nector on theA I2524. Note: The default par ameters f[...]

Chapter 6: Using t he System Configuration Dialog August 19 97 Page 6-3 2524UM 32K by tes of n on-volat ile configuration memory. 8192K bytes of processor board System fla sh ( Read ONLY) Notice : NV RAM invalid, possibly due to write eras e. --- Sy stem Configu rati on D ialog -- - At any point y ou m ay e nter a q uestion mark '?' for h[...]

AI2524 Router Card User’s Manual Page 6-4 Au gus t 1997 2524UM 6. Enter an enable se cret password : The en able secret is a one-way cry ptograp hic secret used instead of t he enable passwo rd w hen i t exist s. Enter e nabl e se cret: pa il The en able passwor d is used wh en t here is no enable secret and when using older softwa re a nd s ome [...]

Chapter 6: Using t he System Configuration Dialog August 19 97 Page 6-5 2524UM Refer t o th is t a ble for I SDN sw itch ty pes: Countr y ISDN Switch Type De s cript ion Au stra lia bas ic- ts013 Au stra lian TS0 13 switc hes Europe basi c-1 tr6 Germ an 1 TR6 ISDN s wi tches basi c-n wnet3 Nor wegian N ET3 ISDN swit ches (pha se 1) basi c-n et3 NET[...]

AI2524 Router Card User’s Manual Page 6-6 Au gus t 1997 2524UM[...]

Chapt er 7: Manually Loading System Images August 19 97 Page 7-1 2524UM Chapter 7: Manually Load ing System Images Introd uction Thi s chapter ou tlines th e step s to l oad and mai ntain syst em ima ges, microcod e image s, and conf igura tion fi les. T hese i n struct ions de scribe copy ing syst em images from routers t o network servers (and v [...]

AI2524 Router Card User’s Manual Page 7-2 Au gus t 1997 2524UM Image and Configu ration File Load Task List To load and maintain sys tem i mage s , m ic roc o d e ima ge s, a nd co nf igu- ration fi l e s ne eded for sta rtup, c om plet e th e ta sk s out l i ned i n th e next secti on. Note: The organization o f tasks as sumes you have a minimal[...]

Chapt er 7: Manually Loading System Images August 19 97 Page 7-3 2524UM Retrieve System Images and Configu ration Fi les If y ou h ave a minimal confi guratio n tha t a llow s you to i nt eract with the system software, you ca n retri eve other system images a nd config - uratio n f iles from a ne twork serve r and modify t he m for us e in you rou[...]

AI2524 Router Card User’s Manual Page 7-4 Au gus t 1997 2524UM Note : Be sur e there is enough a vai l a ble space before copyin g a fi l e t o Fla sh memor y. U se th e show flash c omm and and comp are the size of the file yo u w ant to c o py to the amou nt o f availab le Flash me mory sh own. If the space avai lable is l ess t han the sp ace [...]

Chapt er 7: Manually Loading System Images August 19 97 Page 7-5 2524UM This e xample de monstrates th e use of the copy tftp flash com - man d t o co p y a sy s te m i mage named g s 7- k when F l ash me m ory i s too full to cop y the file. Th e fil e name g s7 -k ca n be in low ercase or upper- cas e; th e syst em se es GS7 -K as g s7-k. If mo r[...]

AI2524 Router Card User’s Manual Page 7-6 Au gus t 1997 2524UM trans ferred suc cessfull y. A se ries of V charact ers i ndicates that a checks um verif ication o f the i mage is occu rri n g aft er the image is writ- ten to Flash m emory. No t e: If you en te r n af te r the Erase flash before writ ing? prompt, the co py proce ss continu es. If [...]

Chapt er 7: Manually Loading System Images August 19 97 Page 7-7 2524UM You c an co py norm al o r compress ed i mages to Fla sh memory. You can pr oduce a c ompres sed syste m im age o n a ny UNIX platform using the comp re ss comm and. R efer to y our UNIX p latform 's documen- tation for t he ex act us ag e of the comp re ss comman d. This [...]

AI2524 Router Card User’s Manual Page 7-8 Au gus t 1997 2524UM cess t o copy a di fferen t con figurati on to the router that is s tored on a network se rver. You c an co py a configura tion fil e from a TF TP server to the running confi guration or t o the sta r tup configu ration . When y ou copy a config- uratio n f ile to the ru nning confi g[...]

Chapt er 7: Manually Loading System Images August 19 97 Page 7-9 2524UM 4. Sa ve t h e confi guration file to yo ur sta rtup con f ig ura tion. This step saves t h e con f igu r ation t o NVRAM. copy running-config startup-config In this exa mple, the bu ffer si ze is se t t o 50000 bytes: Router 1# c onfi gure ter mina l Router 1(co nfig )# boot b[...]

AI2524 Router Card User’s Manual Page 7-10 Au gus t 1997 2524UM 2. L ist i nf or matio n a bout Flash mem o ry , i ncl udi ng s y s tem image filen ames, amo u nt s of me mory use d and re m a ini n g , and Flash par- titio n s. show flash [all | chips | detailed | err | partition numb er [all | chips | detailed | err] | summary] 3. View the cons[...]

Chapt er 7: Manually Loading System Images August 19 97 Page 7-11 2524UM This e xample illustr ates h ow to use this command: Router # ve rify fla sh Name o f fi le t o verify [gs xx]? Verify ing via chec ksum .. . vvvvvv vvvv vvvv vvvvvvvv vvvv vvv Flash verification successful. Len gth = 1923712, chec ksum = 0 xA0C 1 Router # Reexecute t he Confi[...]

AI2524 Router Card User’s Manual Page 7-12 Au gus t 1997 2524UM Perform General Startup Ta sk s When modifyi ng y ou r routing en vironment, you pe rform gen e ral star- tu p task s . For exampl e, to modi fy a co nfi g ur at i on f il e, y ou e n te r con- figur at ion mode. Y ou a lso modif y the confi guratio n regi s ter boot field to te ll t[...]

Chapt er 7: Manually Loading System Images August 19 97 Page 7-13 2524UM ever, you can list the com ments in con figurat ion f iles s t ored on a TFTP server . Configure the Cisco IOS s oftware from th e T erminal When y ou confi gure the softwa re fro m the term inal, it e xecutes the command s you ente r a t the syst em prompts. To co nfigure the[...]

AI2524 Router Card User’s Manual Page 7-14 Au gus t 1997 2524UM sence o f critica l confi guration inf ormation. Refer to Use Setup for Confi gur a t ion Changes , for de ta ils on th e set up c omma nd fac ility. Configure the Cisco IOS s oftware from Memory To co nf i gu re the so f tw are t o exe cute the commands located in NVRAM or to ex ecu[...]

Chapt er 7: Manually Loading System Images August 19 97 Page 7-15 2524UM In t his example, the softwa re is con figure d from the f ile toky o-config at I P a ddres s 131.1 08.2.155: Router 1# c opy tftp running-config Host o r ne twor k config urat ion file [host]? IP add ress of remote host [255 .255 .255 .255]? 131.108. 2.155 Name o f co nfig ur[...]

AI2524 Router Card User’s Manual Page 7-16 Au gus t 1997 2524UM z When the ent ire boot field equals a valu e between 0-0-1-0 and 1-1-1- 1, the rou ter l oads the sy stem image sp ecified by boot sys- tem co mmands in th e s tartup configurat ion file. When t he startup co n fig u rat ion fi le do e s not con ta i n b oo t syste m c o m mands, th[...]

Chapt er 7: Manually Loading System Images August 19 97 Page 7-17 2524UM Perform the Boot Field Modification Tasks You modify th e boot field f rom th e h a rdwar e config uratio n register or the softwar e con fi gurat ion regist er, d ependin g on the platform . The h ardw are con figurat ion r eg iste r can be chan ged o nly on the pro- cesso r [...]

AI2524 Router Card User’s Manual Page 7-18 Au gus t 1997 2524UM Router 1# s how versi o n GS Sof twar e, Versi on 9 .0(1 ) Copyri ght (c) 1986 -199 2 by Cis co S ystems, I n c . Compil ed F ri 1 4-Feb-92 12: 37 System Bootstr ap, Vers ion 4 . 3 Router 1 up time is 2 days, 10 hours, 0 minute System res tarted b y re load System ima ge file is u nk[...]

Chapt er 7: Manually Loading System Images August 19 97 Page 7-19 2524UM Specify the Startup Configuration File Task List To specif y a sta r tup co nfiguratio n file , perfo rm eith er the fir st two tasks or the t hir d t ask: z Download the Netw ork Configura tion File z Download the Host Configurati on Fi l Download the Network Configuration Fi[...]

AI2524 Router Card User’s Manual Page 7-20 Au gus t 1997 2524UM the name t o all lowerca se let ters, removi ng all domain infor mation, and ap p ending -con fg. I f no host name informatio n is ava ilable, the softw are us es the de fa ult ho st conf igur ation f ilena me rou te r-confg. 1. E nter c onf igura tion mode fr om th e terminal. confi[...]

Chapt er 7: Manually Loading System Images August 19 97 Page 7-21 2524UM If t he n etwork se rver fails t o load a con figurat ion f ile during start up, it tri es a gain every 1 0 minutes (the defaul t sett ing) u ntil a host p rovides the reques ted file s. Wit h each failed attempt, the networ k server dis- plays a mes sage on the con sole termi[...]

AI2524 Router Card User’s Manual Page 7-22 Au gus t 1997 2524UM 2. Copy the s ystem image from Flash mem ory to a TFTP se rver. copy flash tftp 3. W hen pr ompted , e nter the IP add r es s o r do main name of th e TFTP server . { ip-address | name } 4. When prompted, e nter the f ilename o f the sy stem image i n Fl ash memo ry. file name This e[...]

Chapt er 7: Manually Loading System Images August 19 97 Page 7-23 2524UM no boot system flash co nfiguration com mand to revert to boo ting from RO M. F or example , you might wan t to rever t to booting fro m RO M if you do not yet nee d this f unct io n al ity, if you choose to boo t fro m a networ k serve r, o r if y ou do n ot have the proper i[...]

AI2524 Router Card User’s Manual Page 7-24 Au gus t 1997 2524UM Perform Startup Tasks The start up t a sks in this section are opti onal. Startup Task List You can perfo rm these optional s tartup t asks: z Part ition Flas h Me mory Us ing Dual Flas h Bank z Use Flas h Lo ad Help er t o U pgr ade Softwa re on Run- from- Flash Systems Partition Fl[...]

Chapt er 7: Manually Loading System Images August 19 97 Page 7-25 2524UM Flash Load Helper versus Dual Flash Bank You m ight use Flash l oad hel per rat h er than dual Flas h ba n k for one of these reason s: z You want to downl oad a new file int o the same bank fr om which the curre nt system image is e x ecuti ng . z You want to d ownl oad a f i[...]

AI2524 Router Card User’s Manual Page 7-26 Au gus t 1997 2524UM Unless th e image i s do wnloaded as the first f ile in the f irst parti t ion, this down load must b e pe rfor med by an i ma ge t ha t r ec og ni zes rel o cat- able i mages . In con tr as t, a n o nrel oc at abl e i mage i s a n ima ge tha t do e s n ot re cognize re l o cat abl e[...]

Chapt er 7: Manually Loading System Images August 19 97 Page 7-27 2524UM Partit ion Fl ash Memory To partit io n Flas h memory , type the following i n glo bal conf iguration mod e: partition flash partitions [ size 1 si ze2 ] This t ask suc ceeds only if the system has at least two ba nks of Flash and if the p art itioning does not cause an e xist[...]

AI2524 Router Card User’s Manual Page 7-28 Au gus t 1997 2524UM Manually Boot from Flash Memory To ma nua l ly boot t he rout er fro m F la sh memo ry, p erfor m on e of thes tasks in R OM moni tor mode: z Boot th e fir st bootabl e fi le fou nd i n any partition. boot {flash | flash flash:} z Boot th e fir st bootabl e fil e from the specifie d [...]

Chapt er 7: Manually Loading System Images August 19 97 Page 7-29 2524UM Configu re the Rou ter to Automatically Boot fr o m Fla sh M emory To config ure the r outer t o b oot a utomati cally from Flash memory, per- form one of th ese task s i n global c onfigu ratio n mode: z Boot th e fir st bootabl e fi le fou nd i n any partition. boot system {[...]

AI2524 Router Card User’s Manual Page 7-30 Au gus t 1997 2524UM Flash memory. It is a lowe r-cos t s oftware up grade soluti on than d ual- bank Flash, which requires two banks of Flash me mory on o ne SIMM. The Flas h lo ad hel per soft ware upg rade proces s is si mple and does not require a ddi ti o n al hard ware; ho wever , it d oes requ ir [...]

Chapt er 7: Manually Loading System Images August 19 97 Page 7-31 2524UM z Allows yo u to sav e any con figurati on c hanges made before you exit ou t of th e syst em i mage. z Notif ies users l ogge d in to the system of t he impending sw itch to the boot R OM im ag e so that they d o not lose th eir conn ec t ions un- ex p ecte dly . z Logs conso[...]

AI2524 Router Card User’s Manual Page 7-32 Au gus t 1997 2524UM The syste m tries to br ing up at least the b oo t ROM im age i f it cannot boot an im age fro m Flash m emor y. Bef or e r einit iating the copy tftp flash command, you mus t set t he confi guration reg ister boot field t o a n o nzero valu e, using t h config-register globa l c on-[...]

Chapt er 7: Manually Loading System Images August 19 97 Page 7-33 2524UM Enter the name of the des tinat ion f ile: Destin atio n fi le name [default = source name] ? Access ing file `abc/igs-kf.914' on 131.108.1.111.... Loadin g fr om 1 31.108.1 3.11 1: Erase flash device before writ ing? [confirm] If y ou ch oose t o e rase Flas h me mory, t[...]

AI2524 Router Card User’s Manual Page 7-34 Au gus t 1997 2524UM If the c onf i gur ati on was modified b ut no t saved, you ar e a sked to save the co nfigu ration: System con figurati on h as b een modified. Save? [confirm ] If you co nf ir m to sa v e the c on fig ura tio n , you m ight al so r e c e ive this mes sage: Warnin g: A ttem pting to[...]

Chapt er 7: Manually Loading System Images August 19 97 Page 7-35 2524UM Mo ni to r Fl as h L oad He lp er To view th e sy stem co nsole output ge nera ted d uring th e F lash load helper op eration, use th e image b oo ted up after the Flash mem ory up- grade . Type this command i n privil eged EXEC mode: show flh-log If you are a r emote Telnet u[...]

AI2524 Router Card User’s Manual Page 7-36 Au gus t 1997 2524UM In this exa mple, a r outer is manually booted from Flash mem o ry. Be- cause t he o pti onal filen ame arg ument i s a b sent , the fir st file in Flash memo ry is load ed. > boot flash F3: 18 5865 6+45 204+1668 96 a t 0x 1000 Bootin g gs 7-k from flash memory RRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRR R[...]

Chapt er 7: Manually Loading System Images August 19 97 Page 7-37 2524UM 3. Manual ly boot the rout er from a netwo rk f ile. boot fil ename [ ip-address ] In this exa mple, a r outer is manually booted f rom the net work fil network1 : >boot netw ork1 Manually Boot from ROM To manua lly bo ot the ro ute r from R OM, comp lete th ese steps in EX[...]

AI2524 Router Card User’s Manual Page 7-38 Au gus t 1997 2524UM[...]

Chapter 8: AI2524 Protocol Conf iguration Step s August 19 97 Page 8-1 2524UM Cha pter 8: AI2524 Protocol Con figuration St eps Introd uction Thi s chapter describes the AI2 5 24 p rotocol con f igur ation steps f or th OSP F TCP/I P, IGRP TCP /IP a nd RIP TC P/IP. AI2524 OSPF TCP/IP Configu ration St eps Open Sh ortest Path Fir st (O SPF) is an IG[...]

AI2524 Router Card User’s Manual Page 8-2 Au gus t 1997 2524UM z Confi gure R out e C alc u lation Timers z Config ure OSPF over On-Demand Circu it s Enable OSP F To en able OSP F, you m ust c reate an O SPF routing p roces s, spec ify the rang e of I P addresse s to be asso ciated with t he routi ng p r ocess, and as- sign a rea I D s to be a ss[...]

Chapter 8: AI2524 Protocol Conf iguration Step s August 19 97 Page 8-3 2524UM 6. Set th e number of seconds that a device's hello packets must not ha ve be en se en bef o r e it s n eig hbo rs dec la re t he OS PF route down. ip ospf dead-interval seco nds 7. Assign a spec ific password t o be us ed by ne ighboring OSPF rout- ers on a net w o [...]

AI2524 Router Card User’s Manual Page 8-4 Au gus t 1997 2524UM Configure OSP F for Nonbroadcast Ne tworks Beca use t here might b e many rou ters attache d to an OS PF ne tw o rk, a de si g n ated ro ute r i s sele ct ed f or t he n etwo rk. It is necessary t o use spe- cial c onfigurat ion parame ter s in the desi gnated router sele ction if bro[...]

Chapter 8: AI2524 Protocol Conf iguration Step s August 19 97 Page 8-5 2524UM z Defin e an are a to be a s tub area. area are a-id stub [no-summary] z Assign a speci fic cost to the default summary r oute u sed for th stub area . area are a-id default-cost cost Configure OS PF Not So Stubby Area (NSSA) NSSA area is sim ilar to O SPF stub area. NSSA[...]

AI2524 Router Card User’s Manual Page 8-6 Au gus t 1997 2524UM Implementation Considerations Befor e impleme nting thi s f eature , cons ider the se it ems: z You c an set a Ty pe 7 defaul t rout e tha t can be us ed to re ach exter- nal destin ation s. Whe n configure d , the ro uter g enerates a Type 7 defau lt into the NSSA by the N SSA ABR. z[...]

Chapter 8: AI2524 Protocol Conf iguration Step s August 19 97 Page 8-7 2524UM Create Virtual Link s In OSPF, all areas must be connected to a backbone a rea. If the re is brea k in b ackb o ne co ntin uity, or i f the b a ckbo n e is pu rp osef ully parti- tion ed, you can estab lis h a vi rtual link. To establi sh a vir tual l ink, type th is comm[...]

AI2524 Router Card User’s Manual Page 8-8 Au gus t 1997 2524UM Force the Rout er ID Choice with a Loopbac k Interface OSP F uses the lar ges t IP addr e ss conf igure d on t h e in ter faces as its route r I D. If the interface associate d with this IP address is ever brou ght down, or if the addre s s is remo ved, the O SPF proce ss must re- ca [...]

Chapter 8: AI2524 Protocol Conf iguration Step s August 19 97 Page 8-9 2524UM Configure Rout e Calculation Ti mers You can confi gure the dela y t ime between wh e n OSPF receive s a t o- pology ch ange a nd when it st arts a Sh ortes t Path F i rst (SP F) calcula- tion . You ca n also configure the hold time b etwe en two co ns ecu ti ve SPF c alc[...]

AI2524 Router Card User’s Manual Page 8-10 Au gus t 1997 2524UM Network Illustration This list out lines key features s upported in OSPF impleme ntation: Note : To t ake adv antag e of the OSPF stub area suppo rt, default routi ng must be use d in the stu b a rea. Stub a r ea s D efi n iti on of s tub areas is s up p or ted. R ou te redis trib ut[...]

Chapter 8: AI2524 Protocol Conf iguration Step s August 19 97 Page 8-11 2524UM AI2524 IGRP TCP/IP Configu ration St eps The Inte rior Ga teway Routin g Proto col (IGRP) is a dy namic d istance- vector r outing p rotocol for an aut onomou s syste m that conta ins large, arbit rarily compl ex networks w ith dive rse ba ndwidth and delay char- acte ri[...]

AI2524 Router Card User’s Manual Page 8-12 Au gus t 1997 2524UM Create the I GRP Routi n g Process To cr eate th e IG RP routi ng pr oce ss, pe rform the se r equ ired tasks start- ing in g l obal c onfigurati on mode: 1. E nable a n IG RP routi ng pro c es s , wh ich places you in router con- figura tion mode. router igrp process number 2. Assoc[...]

Chapter 8: AI2524 Protocol Conf iguration Step s August 19 97 Page 8-13 2524UM tions l imit the number of case s in which loa d balanc ing can oc cur, but ensure that th e dynamics o f the netw ork will remain stab l e. These gener al rules a pply to IGRP unequal- cost loa d bal ancing: z IGR P wi ll a cc ept u p to fo ur p a th s for a given d est[...]

AI2524 Router Card User’s Manual Page 8-14 Au gus t 1997 2524UM work performa nce , however, so ensu re that you m ake all m e tric ad- justm ents ca refully. Note: Because of the com plexity o f th is task, we recommend that you onl y perfor m it with g uidance fr om an experie nced syst em desig ner. To adjust the IGRP metr ic weigh ts, ty pe t[...]

Chapter 8: AI2524 Protocol Conf iguration Step s August 19 97 Page 8-15 2524UM Validate Source IP Add resses To disab le th e defaul t function that va lida tes the sour ce IP add resses of incomin g routi ng updates , type this command i n router configura tion mode: no validate-update-source Network Illustration IGRP advertises three types of rou[...]

AI2524 Router Card User’s Manual Page 8-16 Au gus t 1997 2524UM AI2524 RIP TCP/ IP Configura t ion Routing I nforma tion Protoc ol (R IP) u s e s broadc ast User Datagr am Protoc ol (UDP) dat a packets to exchan ge r outing infor mation. The Cisco IOS sof tware sends rou ting in formation updates (a dvertise- ments) every 30 seconds. If a r outer[...]

Chapter 8: AI2524 Protocol Conf iguration Step s August 19 97 Page 8-17 2524UM inform ation . To de fine a nei ghboring rou ter with which to exc hange point -to-po int routing i nformation , type this comman d in router con- figura tion mode: neig hbor ip-address To control t he set of int erfaces with which to exchang e r outing up- dates, yo u c[...]

AI2524 Router Card User’s Manual Page 8-18 Au gus t 1997 2524UM Enable RIP A uth entication RIP Version 1 does not su pport au thenti cation. If you are sending and receivi ng RIP Versio n2 packets, y ou c an enable RIP aut hentication on an in t erf ac e. The key c hai n deter mi n es the s et o f keys t h at c an b e used on the i nt er- face. [...]

Chapter 8: AI2524 Protocol Conf iguration Step s August 19 97 Page 8-19 2524UM Run I GRP and RIP Concurrently It is possib le to run I GRP and R I P co ncurrently. T he IGRP informa- tion will override the RIP informa tion b y def ault because of I GRP's administ rati ve dis ta nce. Runni ng IGRP and RI P con currently do es not wo rk well w h[...]

AI2524 Router Card User’s Manual Page 8-20 Au gus t 1997 2524UM z To defin e rou te map s, type t his comman d in glo bal co n figuration mod e: route-map map- ta g [permit | deny] [ sequence-number ] z By defau lt , t he r e di stributi on of defaul t info rmation between IP Enhance d I GRP processes is en abled . To dis able the redi st ribu- t[...]

Chapter 9: AI2524 OSI/CLNP Configuration Steps August 19 97 Page 9-1 2524UM Chapter 9: AI2524 OSI/CLNP Configuratio n Steps Introd uction Thi s chapter describe s how to confi gure ISO CLNS. The ISO CLNS proto col is a sta ndard for the networ k layer of the OS I mode l. ISO CLNS Configu ration Task List To co nf i gu re IS O CLN S , you mu st con [...]

AI2524 Router Card User’s Manual Page 9-2 Au gus t 1997 2524UM Unde r stand Addresses Addr esse s in the ISO network arch itec ture are r eferred to as N SAP ad- dress es and net work entity titles ( NETs). Each no d e in an OSI network has o ne or more N E Ts. In a ddi ti on, each nod e ha s many NSAP ad- dresse s. Ea ch NSA P addres s d iff ers[...]

Chapter 9: AI2524 OSI/CLNP Configuration Steps August 19 97 Page 9-3 2524UM The area ad dress uniquely ident ifies the routing area and the system ID iden tifies ea ch node. Figur e 9-2:Sample Domain and Ar ea Addresses The key d iffere nce bet ween the I SO IG RP and IS-IS N SAP a ddressing schemes is i n t he definit ion of a rea addre sses. Both[...]

AI2524 Router Card User’s Manual Page 9-4 Au gus t 1997 2524UM z The syste m ID is t he 6 byte s bef ore the N-selec tor. z The N-sele ctor (S) is t he last b yte of the NSAP ad d ress. Cisco' s IS O IGRP routing i mplemen tation inte rprets the by tes from the AFI up to (b ut not inclu ding) the a rea fiel d in the DSP as do ma i n ide nt i[...]

Chapter 9: AI2524 OSI/CLNP Configuration Steps August 19 97 Page 9-5 2524UM The IS- IS routin g protocol inter prets the b ytes fr om t he AF I up t o (but not i nclud ing) t he sy stem ID f ield in the DSP as an area i dent ifier. Th syste m I D speci fies the sys tem. Figure 9 -4 il lustrate s the IS-IS NSAP add ress ing st ru ctu re. Th e max i-[...]

AI2524 Router Card User’s Manual Page 9-6 Au gus t 1997 2524UM Addr essing Examp le s Examples o f OSI networ k and GOSI P NS AP addresses us in g the ISO IGRP impl ementation are des cribed in the n ext section s. The OSI netwo rk NS AP add ress format is il lustrate d a s: | Domain|Area| Sys tem ID| S| 4 7.0 004.004D .000 3.00 00.0C00. 62E6 .0 [...]

Chapter 9: AI2524 OSI/CLNP Configuration Steps August 19 97 Page 9-7 2524UM This tabl e shows a s ample s tati c rou ti ng table in which the nex thop NETs are listed f or comp leteness, bu t are no t necess ar y to und er stand the routi ng algor ithm . This ta ble o ffers e xamples o f how the lo ngest matching NSAP pre fix can be ma tched with r[...]

AI2524 Router Card User’s Manual Page 9-8 Au gus t 1997 2524UM Unde r stand Routing Processes The basic f unctio n o f a router is to forward pack et s: receiv e a packet in on e interface a nd sen d it o ut another (or the s ame) interface t o the prope r d estina tion. A ll rou ters d o this by lo o king up the dest ination ad- dress in a table[...]

Chapter 9: AI2524 OSI/CLNP Configuration Steps August 19 97 Page 9-9 2524UM rout ing ISO IGRP ; it ca n be configured to be Level 1 only, Level2 only , or both L e vel 1 and Le v e l2 w he n routi ng IS-IS. ESs communicat e wi th ISs using the ES-IS protoco l. Le v el1 and Level 2 ISs c ommunicate w ith each ot her using either ISO IS-IS or Cisco&a[...]

AI2524 Router Card User’s Manual Page 9-10 Au gus t 1997 2524UM Configu re ISO IGRP Dynami c Routing The ISO IGRP is a dynamic distance-vec tor r o ut ing protocol designed by Cisco for r outin g an autono mous system tha t cont ains l arge, arbi- trar ily complex netw orks with d iverse bandwid th a nd d elay cha racter- isti cs. To con figure I[...]

Chapter 9: AI2524 OSI/CLNP Configuration Steps August 19 97 Page 9-11 2524UM You can assign a meani ngful na me f or th e r outin g pro cess by using the tag opti o n. Yo u can als o spe c ify a name f or a NET in a dd ition to an addres s. F o r inform ation on h ow t o as si gn a name, see Spec ify S ho r t - cut NSAP Addresses . Yo u can co nfi [...]

AI2524 Router Card User’s Manual Page 9-12 Au gus t 1997 2524UM 2. Config ure the net fo r the process i n area 2, doma in47.00 0 4.004d: net 47 .000 4.00 4d.0002. 0000 .0C0 0.0506.0 0 3. Specify iso -igrp rout ing using t he prev iously specified tag cas tor : interf ace ethernet 0 clns r oute r is o-igrp c asto r 4. Specify iso -igrp rout ing u[...]

Chapter 9: AI2524 OSI/CLNP Configuration Steps August 19 97 Page 9-13 2524UM 1. D efine a tag o rion for th e routi ng process: router iso-igr p or ion 2. Config ure the net fo r the process i n area 1, doma in47.00 0 4.004d: net 47 .000 4.00 4d.0001. 2122 2324 2526.00 3. Specify iso- igrp rout in g using the pre viously specified ta g orion: inter[...]

AI2524 Router Card User’s Manual Page 9-14 Au gus t 1997 2524UM 4. Co nfigure th e NET for t he pr ocess in are a 4, domai n 47.00 04.00 4d: net 47 .000 4.00 4d.0004. 0000 .0C0 0.0506.0 0 5. Specify iso- igrp rout in g on interface etherne t 0 using the tag cap- ricorn : interf ace ethernet 0 clns r oute r is o-igrp c apri corn 6. Sp ec ify i so-[...]

Chapter 9: AI2524 OSI/CLNP Configuration Steps August 19 97 Page 9-15 2524UM Example: Dynam ic Interdomain R out ing Figure 9 -7 a nd the exam ple configur atio ns illustrate how to configur three do mains that are to be transparent ly conn ected. Figur e 9-7:CLNS Dynamic I nterdomain R outing Router Chicago This c onfig urati on s hows how to conf[...]

AI2524 Router Card User’s Manual Page 9-16 Au gus t 1997 2524UM 4. Define a tag B for the routing pr ocess : router iso-igr p B 5. Co nfigure th e NET for t he pr ocess in are a 3, domai n 47.00 06.02 00: net 47 .000 6.02 00.0003. 0102 .010 4.0506.0 0 6. Redistr ibu te is o-igr p routi ng informatio n thr ougho u t domainB: redist ribu te i so-ig[...]

Chapter 9: AI2524 OSI/CLNP Configuration Steps August 19 97 Page 9-17 2524UM Router Detro it This config uration shows how to config ure R outer De tr oit for dynamic in t erd om ai nrouti ng . C omm en t li ne s hav e bee n el imi nat ed f ro m this exam ple to av oid redund ancy. router iso-igr p B net 47 .000 6.02 00.0004. 0102 .010 4.0506.0 0 r[...]

AI2524 Router Card User’s Manual Page 9-18 Au gus t 1997 2524UM Warn ing: Adj us t in g t he I S O I G RP me tric c an d ra m at i ca l ly affect network pe rformance, so ensure that all met ric a dj ust- ment s ar e made c areful ly. Beca use of t he compl exity of this tas k, it is not recommended un less it is d one with guid ance from an ex p[...]

Chapter 9: AI2524 OSI/CLNP Configuration Steps August 19 97 Page 9-19 2524UM z Disabl e spli t horizo n fo r ISO IGR P up dates. no clns split-horizon The defa ult fo r all L AN interfac es is f or spl it horizon to be enabled; the def ault for WAN i n ter faces on X. 25, F rame Re l a y, o r SM DS net- work s i s fo r sp lit ho ri zon t o be disab[...]

AI2524 Router Card User’s Manual Page 9-20 Au gus t 1997 2524UM 2. Co nfigure t he NET for th e rout ing process. net network-entity-title You can assign a meani ngful na me f or th e r outin g pro cess by using the tag opti o n. Yo u can als o spe c ify a name f or a NET in a dd ition to an addres s. F o r inform ation on h ow t o as si gn a nam[...]

Chapter 9: AI2524 OSI/CLNP Configuration Steps August 19 97 Page 9-21 2524UM 4. Enable IS-IS rout ing on etherne t 1 : interf ace ethernet 1 clns r oute r is is 5. Enable IS- IS routing on s erial 0: interf ace serial 0 clns r oute r is is Level2 Routing Only This example illustr ates a simi lar con figuratio n, f eaturing a sing le area address be[...]

AI2524 Router Card User’s Manual Page 9-22 Au gus t 1997 2524UM 2. Ro u ter is in area s 4 7.00 04. 00 4d. 0001 a nd 47.0004.004d.0011: net 47 .000 4.00 4d.0001. 0000 .0c1 1.1111.0 0 net 47 .000 4.00 4d.0011. 0000 .0c1 1.1111.0 0 3. E nable t he router to o perat e as a station ro uter and a n i nterar e router: is-typ e le vel- 1-2 ! interf ace [...]

Chapter 9: AI2524 OSI/CLNP Configuration Steps August 19 97 Page 9-23 2524UM tag of r em ote-domain. Mo st comment li ne s hav e been eli mi na ted from this examp le to a void red un danc y. router isis net 39 .000 1.00 01.0000. 0c00 .111 1.00 1. Redistr ibute iso-igr p routi ng infor mation thr oughout r emote-do- main: redist ribu te i so-igrp r[...]

AI2524 Router Card User’s Manual Page 9-24 Au gus t 1997 2524UM You mu st stat ically assign the m ultiple area addresse s on the router. You ca n assign up to th ree a rea addre sses on the AI2 524 . The number of areas a llow ed in a dom a inis unlimi ted. All the a d dresses must have t he same s ystem ID. For exampl e , you ca n ass ign on e [...]

Chapter 9: AI2524 OSI/CLNP Configuration Steps August 19 97 Page 9-25 2524UM The us e of thi s net router con figura tio n comma nd c o nfig ures the sys- tem ID, area address, an d d om ainaddres s. O nly a singl e NET per rout- ing proc ess is allowe d . router iso-igr p lo cal net 49 .000 1.00 00.0c00. 1111 .00 IS- IS This exampl e illust rates [...]

AI2524 Router Card User’s Manual Page 9-26 Au gus t 1997 2524UM ISO IG RP In this exa mple, the ro uter is in do mai n49. 0001 and has a system ID of a aa a.aaa a.aaa a. Th e r ou ter is in tw o ar eas: 31 and 40 (deci mal). Fig- ure 9-8 illust rates this confi guratio n. Figur e 9-8:ISO I GRP Configuration router iso-igr p te st-proc1 001 F in t[...]

Chapter 9: AI2524 OSI/CLNP Configuration Steps August 19 97 Page 9-27 2524UM IS- IS To run IS-I S inst ead o f ISO IGRP, use thi s configur ation . Th e illustra- tion i n Figure 9- st ill appl ie s. Ethernet interface 2 i s con figured for IS-IS rout ing and is assigne d the tag of test -proc2. router iso-igr p te st-proc1 net 49 .000 2.00 02.bbbb[...]

AI2524 Router Card User’s Manual Page 9-28 Au gus t 1997 2524UM Specify Router-Lev elSupport It is se ld om n ec es s a ry to con fi gure th e I S ty pe because t he IS- IS pro- tocol wil l automaticall y est a bl ish this. However, you ca n config ur e th AI2524 to act as a Le vel1 ( intra- area) rout er, a s both a L ev el1 router and a Lev e l[...]

Chapter 9: AI2524 OSI/CLNP Configuration Steps August 19 97 Page 9-29 2524UM Log Adjacency State Changes You c an con figure I S-IS to genera te a log mess age w hen a n IS-IS ad jacency cha ng es state (up o r down) . T his ma y be usefu l when monitor- ing lar ge network s. Messa ges are log ged usin g the sys tem er ror mes sage f acility . Mess[...]

AI2524 Router Card User’s Manual Page 9-30 Au gus t 1997 2524UM Configure I S-IS Interface Parameters Cisco' s IS -IS i mplementati on allows you to c ustomize certain inter- face-s p ec ific IS-I S pa ra meters: z Adjust IS- IS Link-S tate Me t r ic s z Set th e Advert is e d Hello Inte rv a l and H e llo Mu lt iplier z Set th e Adv ertise [...]

Chapter 9: AI2524 OSI/CLNP Configuration Steps August 19 97 Page 9-31 2524UM quick ly a fai led link or n eighbo r is detect e d so tha t rout es can be recal- culate d. In i nte r fac e co n fi gura tio n mo de, s et th e adve rt is ed h ello int e rval and multip lier: 1. Specify the leng th of time, in secon ds, betwe en hello packet s th softw [...]

AI2524 Router Card User’s Manual Page 9-32 Au gus t 1997 2524UM Set the Re transmission Interv al In inter face con figurati on mode, confi gure the number o f seconds be tween retr ansmission of LSP s for point -to-po int links. isis retransmit-interval seco nd s The val ue you spe cify shou ld be an in teger gr ea ter tha n the exp ected round [...]

Chapter 9: AI2524 OSI/CLNP Configuration Steps August 19 97 Page 9-33 2524UM Configu re IS-IS Password Authen ticati on You can assign di fferent aut hentica tion pas swords f or d iffer ent rout- ing level s. By d efa u lt, au th en t ication is disa bled. Spec ifying Le v el1 or Level 2 enable s t he passwo rd only for Le vel 1 or L evel2 ro utin[...]

AI2524 Router Card User’s Manual Page 9-34 Au gus t 1997 2524UM Warning: If you h ave not configured the r oute r to route CL NS pa c k- ets dynamic ally using ISO IGRP or IS -IS, you must a s sign an ad dres s to the r outer. You also must enabl e ISO CLNS for each interface you w ant to pass ISO CL N S packet t raffi c to end systems, bu t for [...]

Chapter 9: AI2524 OSI/CLNP Configuration Steps August 19 97 Page 9-35 2524UM 3. Pa ss I SO CLNS traff ic on ethe rnet 0 t o end systems without rout- ing: interf ace ethernet 0 clns e nabl e 4. Pass I SO CLNS t raffic on seri al 0 to end sys tems withou t routing: interf ace serial 0 clns e nabl e 5. Create a stat ic r oute for the int erface: clns[...]

AI2524 Router Card User’s Manual Page 9-36 Au gus t 1997 2524UM clns h ost sid 39.0 001. 1111.111 1.11 11.0 0 clns h ost bar 39.0 002. 2222.222 2.22 22.0 0 1. Assign a stat ic address for t he router: clns n et s id 2. Enable CLNS pa ckets to b e r outed: clns r outi ng 3. Pass ISO CLNS packet traffic to end systems witho ut r outing them: interf[...]

Chapter 9: AI2524 OSI/CLNP Configuration Steps August 19 97 Page 9-37 2524UM Figur e 9-10:CLNS X.25 Intradomain Routing This exampl e shows one way to configure the r outer in Ch icago: 1. Define the na me chica go to be use d in place of this NSAP: clns h ost chicago 47.0 004. 0050.000 1.00 00. 0c00.243 b.00 2. D efi n e the nam e detroi t to be u[...]

AI2524 Router Card User’s Manual Page 9-38 Au gus t 1997 2524UM 6. Set the in terf ac e up a s a DT E with X.25 encap sula tion: interf ace serial 0 encaps ulat ion x25 x25 ad dres s 11 11 x25 nv c 4 7. Specify iso- igrp rout in g using the spec ified tag s ales: clns r oute r is o-igrp s ales 8. Define a st atic mapping betw een Detroi t's [...]

Chapter 9: AI2524 OSI/CLNP Configuration Steps August 19 97 Page 9-39 2524UM Figur e 9-1 1:C LN S Interdomain S tati c Routi ng Router A This c onfig urati on s hows how to conf ig ure Ro uter A f or stati in t erd om ai nrouti ng : 1. D efine tag orio n for net 47.0 006.0 200.0 100.0 102.0 304.0 506.00: router iso-igr p or ion 2. Config ure this n[...]

AI2524 Router Card User’s Manual Page 9-40 Au gus t 1997 2524UM 5. Pass I SO CLNS traffic to end systems witho ut ro uting: interf ace serial 1 clns e nabl e 6. Co nfigure a s tatic rou te t o Router B: clns route 39.0001 bar Router B This c onfig urati on s hows how to conf ig ure Ro uter B for s tatic in t erd om ai nrouti ng : router iso-igr p[...]

Chapter 9: AI2524 OSI/CLNP Configuration Steps August 19 97 Page 9-41 2524UM 5. Pass packe ts bo und for s id in dom ain4 7.0006 .0 200 through serial 0: clns r oute 47.0006 .020 0 si d CLNS routing u pdates wi ll not b e sent on the se rial lin k; however, CLNS pac kets w i ll be sen t and rec e iv ed o v er the ser ia l link. Configure Variations[...]

AI2524 Router Card User’s Manual Page 9-42 Au gus t 1997 2524UM ES-IS pr otocol . The rou ter dynamically di scovers all ESs running the ES-IS p rotoco l. ES s that ar e not running the ES -IS protocol must be confi gured stat ically. It is so metim e s desi ra b le f or a router t o ha v e a neig hbor configured statica lly rath er t ha n l earn[...]

Chapter 9: AI2524 OSI/CLNP Configuration Steps August 19 97 Page 9-43 2524UM Configu re Miscel laneous Features Perform these option al t as ks to configure m iscellaneo us fe a tures of an ISO CLN S networ k: z Sp e cif y Sh o rtcut N SAP Addr es se s z Use the I P Domain Name System to Disco ver I SO CLN S A d dresses z Create Pa cket-Forwar ding[...]

AI2524 Router Card User’s Manual Page 9-44 Au gus t 1997 2524UM Use the IP DomainNa m e System to Discover ISO CLNS Ad dre sse s If your rou ter ha s b o th IS O CLNS a nd I P en ab le d, you ca n us e the Doma in N aming Sys tem (DNS ) t o quer y ISO CLNS a ddresses by using th e NSAP address typ e, as document ed in RFC 1348. Th is fea- ture is[...]

Chapter 9: AI2524 OSI/CLNP Configuration Steps August 19 97 Page 9-45 2524UM 2. In inter face con figurati on m ode, a pply filter expressi ons to an in- terf ace: z Apply a fil ter e xpr ession to frames fo rwarde d in or out of an inter- face. clns access-group name [in | out] z Apply a filter exp ression to ISIS adjace n cies. isis adjacency-fil[...]

AI2524 Router Card User’s Manual Page 9-46 Au gus t 1997 2524UM z Spec ify the routing protoc ol a nd ta g ( i f appli cable) in to which you want to di stribu te routing info rmation. router iso-igrp [ tag ] z Spec i fy on e o r more ISO I GRP rou t ing p rotocol and t ag (if appli- cable ) yo u want to redi s tribute. redistribute iso-igrp [ ta[...]

Chapter 9: AI2524 OSI/CLNP Configuration Steps August 19 97 Page 9-47 2524UM rout e-ma p co mmand. The set c om mands specif y the redi st ribu- tion s et actions—the p articular r edistri bution ac tio ns to perf orm if th criteria en fo rced by th m atch comma nd s are m et. When a ll matc criteria a re met, all se t actions are pe r formed The[...]

AI2524 Router Card User’s Manual Page 9-48 Au gus t 1997 2524UM z Set th e metric valu e to give the redistr ibuted ro utes. set metric metric-value z Set th e metric type to gi ve the redistrib uted ro u t es. set metric-type {internal | external} z Set t he ta g valu e to a ssociat e w ith t he r edistrib uted routes. set ta g tag-v alue Exampl[...]

Chapter 9: AI2524 OSI/CLNP Configuration Steps August 19 97 Page 9-49 2524UM router isis redist ribu te r ip route -map ourmap redist ribu te i so-igrp remote route-map ourmap ! route- map ourmap permi t match ip addr ess 1 match clns address ourprefix set me tric 5 set le vel level-2 ! access -lis t 1 permit 1 60.8 9.0. 0 0.0.25 5.2 55 clns f ilte[...]

AI2524 Router Card User’s Manual Page 9-50 Au gus t 1997 2524UM z ES hel lo packet s and IS h ell o p acke ts are sent with out op ti ons. Op- tions in recei ved p ac kets are igno red. ISs and ESs p eriod ically send out he llo pac kets to a d verti se th eir avail- ab il ity . T h e fr eq ue nc y of th es e h ell o p ac kets can be conf igured.[...]

Chapter 9: AI2524 OSI/CLNP Configuration Steps August 19 97 Page 9-51 2524UM Configu re CLNS over WANs This se ction pr o vi des gen eral inf ormation about run ning ISO CLNS over W A Ns. You can us e CLNS rout ing on serial interfaces w ith H DLC, PPP, LAPB, X. 25, Fra me Relay, DDR, or SMDS en c apsula tion. To use HDLC encapsula tion, you must h[...]

AI2524 Router Card User’s Manual Page 9-52 Au gus t 1997 2524UM Figur e 9-12:Routers Acting as DTEs and DCEs Router A router iso-igr p te st-proc net 49 .000 1.aa aa.aaaa. aaaa .00 ! interf ace serial 1 clns r oute r is o-igrp t est- proc 1. Assume the host i s a DTE and encapsulates x.25: encaps ulat ion x 2 5 2. D efine the X.12 1 addres s o f [...]

Chapter 9: AI2524 OSI/CLNP Configuration Steps August 19 97 Page 9-53 2524UM Router B router iso-igr p te st-proc net 49 .000 1.bb bb.bbbb. bbbb .00 ! interf ace serial 2 clns r oute r is o-igrp t est- proc 1. Config ure this s ide a s a DCE: encaps ulat ion x25-d c e 2. D efine the X.12 1 addres s o f 31102 fo r serial 2: X25 ad dres s 31 102 3. C[...]

AI2524 Router Card User’s Manual Page 9-54 Au gus t 1997 2524UM Spec i fy t he M TU Si ze Al l i nt erf aces ha ve a de fau l t ma xim um pa ck et si ze. Howe v er t o reduc fragment atio n, you can set the MTU s ize o f the packets sent on the in- terf ac e. The m i ni m um valu e i s 5 12 ; t he d efau lt and m axi mu m packet size de pen ds o [...]

Chapter 9: AI2524 OSI/CLNP Configuration Steps August 19 97 Page 9-55 2524UM Set the Congestion Thre s hold If a ro uter conf i gur ed fo r C LNS expe r ie nce s c on ge st ion , i t s ets the conges tion-exp erienced bit . You can set the congestio n thre shold on a per-int erface basis. By set ting this th reshol d, you c ause the sys tem to set [...]

AI2524 Router Card User’s Manual Page 9-56 Au gus t 1997 2524UM Configure Param eter s for Locally Sourced Packets In gl ob a l co nfigu rati o n mod e, c onf igu re pa rameters f or pac kets origi- nated by a speci f i ed router: z Spec ify i n sec onds the initia l lifeti me f o r locally gene rated pack- ets. clns packet-lifetime seconds z Spe[...]

Chapter 9: AI2524 OSI/CLNP Configuration Steps August 19 97 Page 9-57 2524UM Monitor and Maintain th e ISO CLNS Network Use these EXEC commands to monitor a nd mainta in the ISO CLNS caches , table s, an d data ba ses : z Clear and reiniti alize the CLNS rout ing cac he. clear clns cache z Remo ve ES ne i ghbor in form a tio n from th e a d jacenc [...]

AI2524 Router Card User’s Manual Page 9-58 Au gus t 1997 2524UM z Displ ay both ES a n d IS ne ig h bo rs. show clns neighbors [ type number ] [detail] z List t he protocol-spe cific informat ion fo r each I S -IS or ISO IGRP rout ing process in this router. show clns protocol [ doma i n | area -t ag ] z Displa y all th e destinat ions t o wh ich[...]

Chapter 9: AI2524 OSI/CLNP Configuration Steps August 19 97 Page 9-59 2524UM Configu re TARP on ISO CLNS S ome appl ications (typi call y use d by tel e p hone comp anies) running on Synchron ous Opt ical Network (SONET) devic es ident ify these de- vices by a target iden tifier (TID). There fore, it is necessary for the router to c ache TID-t o-ne[...]

AI2524 Router Card User’s Manual Page 9-60 Au gus t 1997 2524UM TARP Configurati on Task List To c onfigu r e TARP o n t he ro ute r, co m pl et e th es e ta sks ( o nly t he f irst task is req uired, all ot her t asks are option al): z Enable TARP and Confi gu re a TARP T ID z Disabl e TARP Cachi ng z Disa ble T ARP P DU Origin ation and P ropag[...]

Chapter 9: AI2524 OSI/CLNP Configuration Steps August 19 97 Page 9-61 2524UM Disable TARP Cachi ng By defaul t, TI D-to-NSAP address ma ppi ng s are stored in the TID cache . Disabling this capab il i ty clears the TID ca c h e. R e -enab ling this capabil ity re stores a ny prev iously cle ared local e ntry and all s tatic en- tri es. In global c [...]

AI2524 Router Card User’s Manual Page 9-62 Au gus t 1997 2524UM that m ay not have TARP runn ing, TA RP p rovides a sta tic TARP a dja- ce ncy c ap abi lit y. Stati c adjace ncies ar e ma in ta ined in a speci al queue. In gl ob a l co nfigu rati o n mod e, crea te a st at ic TAR P adjacency: tarp route-static nsap To stop TARP from propa gatin g[...]

Chapter 9: AI2524 OSI/CLNP Configuration Steps August 19 97 Page 9-63 2524UM Configure TA RP Ti mers TARP timers provide defaul t values and typ ical ly do not n eed to be change d. The amount of time that the router waits to receive a res ponse from a Type 1 PDU, a Typ e 2 PDU, and a T ype 5 PDU can be c on figured. In additi on, you can also con [...]

AI2524 Router Card User’s Manual Page 9-64 Au gus t 1997 2524UM Configure Mi scellaneous TARP PDU Informa tion TARP default PDU values ty pica lly do not need t o be changed. You c an configure the seque nce n umber of th e TAR P PDU, set the up- date remote c ache bi t used to cont rol whethe r the remote rout er up dates its cache, sp ecif y th[...]

Chapter 9: AI2524 OSI/CLNP Configuration Steps August 19 97 Page 9-65 2524UM z Li s t all a dja cenci es th at ar e bla ck listed (that is, ad jacencie s t hat will not re cei ve propa gated T ARP PDUs). show tarp blacklisted-adjacencies z Displa y in formati on about a spec ific TAR P r outer s tored in the lo- cal TI D cac he. show tarp host tid [...]

AI2524 Router Card User’s Manual Page 9-66 Au gus t 1997 2524UM Complex TARP Configuration Example Figure 9 -13 and th is example sh ow how t o e nable TARP on Rou ter A and on interface Eth ernet 0 an d assign the TID myn ame. A st atic rout is cr eated from Route r A (49.000 1.11 11.11 11.00 ) to Router D (49 .000 4.12 34.1 234.1234. 00) so tha[...]

Chapt er 10: Se r ial Interface Con figuration Step s August 19 97 Pa ge 10- 1 2524UM Chapter 10: Serial Interface Configuratio n Steps Introd uction Thi s chapter describe s how to config ure synchron ous serial interfaces. Configu re the Synchronous Serial I nterfaces The syn chronou s ser ial interface s are configu red to allo w connection to W[...]

AI2524 Router Card User’s Manual Page 10-2 Au gust 199 7 2524UM 3. Config u re the second sy n chronous s e ri al interface, for ex ample: Config urin g in terface Serial 1 : Is this interface in use? [yes]: Configu re I P on thi s in terf ace? [ye s]: Configu re I P un numbered on this interface? [no] : IP ad dres s fo r this i nter face : 172.1[...]

Chapter 11: AI2524 Sync PPP Configuration Steps August 19 97 Pa ge 11- 1 2524UM Chapter 11: AI2524 Syn c PPP Configuratio n Steps Introd uction Thi s chapter d escribes how to en ab le PPP encapsul atio n an d pe rform a v ariety of PPP conf igu r atio n tasks . Configu ration Overview The Point- to-Point P rotocol (PPP), describe d in R FCs 1661 a[...]

AI2524 Router Card User’s Manual Page 11-2 Au gust 199 7 2524UM PPP Configuration Task List To conf igure PP P on a serial int erface, you must e nable PP P encapsu- lati on. You can also complete these tasks ; these tasks are optional but offer va r ie ty o f u se s an d e nh an cemen ts fo r PPP on y our sy st em s and net- works: z Enable CHAP[...]

Chapter 11: AI2524 Sync PPP Configuration Steps August 19 97 Pa ge 11- 3 2524UM Enable P PP Encapsula tion You can enable PPP on serial lines to encaps ulate IP and ot her network prot oc o l datagra ms i n i n t erf ace con f igu r a tion mode: encapsulation ppp PPP echo re ques ts are used as keepali ves to minimize dis rupt ions to the end users[...]

AI2524 Router Card User’s Manual Page 11-4 Au gust 199 7 2524UM the respon se and looki ng up the required host na me or usern ame. The secret passw ords must be iden tical o n t he remote devic e and the local router. By transmit ting this resp onse, the s ecret is never tr ansmitted i n clear text , preventi ng oth er d evices from steal ing it[...]

Chapter 11: AI2524 Sync PPP Configuration Steps August 19 97 Pa ge 11- 5 2524UM 4. In i nt er face c onfi gu ra ti on mode , c on fi gur e Te r mi nal A cce ss Con- troller Acc ess Contr ol System (T ACA CS) on a s pec if ic i nterface as a n al ter n ative to glo b al hos t aut hent ication: ppp use-tacacs [single-line] or aaa authentication ppp U[...]

AI2524 Router Card User’s Manual Page 11-6 Au gust 199 7 2524UM 3. Co nf i gure R oute r zzz. hostna me z zz interf ace seria l 0 encaps ulat ion ppp ppp au then tica tion cha p userna me x xx p assword secretxz userna me y yy p assword secr etzy When yo u l ook at the con figur ation file, the pa sswor ds wi ll be e n crypt ed and the dis play w[...]

Chapter 11: AI2524 Sync PPP Configuration Steps August 19 97 Pa ge 11- 7 2524UM Configu re Automa tic Detection of Encapsula tion Type You c an enable a serial or ISD N inter face to acce pt ca lls and dynami- cally change the encapsul ation on the interfac e when the r emote de- vice d oes n ot signal the call ty pe. For e xample, if a n ISDN call[...]

AI2524 Router Card User’s Manual Page 11-8 Au gust 199 7 2524UM 2. Enable compr ession. ppp compress [predictor | stac] Configu re IP Address Po oling Point -to-po int int erfaces must be able to pr ovide a rem ote n ode with its IP addr ess thr oug h the IP Co ntrol Proto col (IP CP) address negotia- tion pr ocess. The IP addr ess can be: z Conf[...]

Chapter 11: AI2524 Sync PPP Configuration Steps August 19 97 Pa ge 11- 9 2524UM z Defa ult IP addre ss. The peer default ip address co m- mand and the member peer default ip address com- man d can be us ed t o define de fault peer I P addresses. z TACA CS+ assig ned I P a dd ress. D uring the autho rizati on phase of IPCP address ne gotiation, TACA[...]

AI2524 Router Card User’s Manual Page 11-10 Au gus t 1997 2524UM 4. A ddress from an EXEC -level PPP or SL IP c omman d o r from a chat sc ript 5. Co nfigured addres s from the peer default ip address co mm and o r a d dr e ss fr om th e pr otocol tran slat e command 6. Pee r pr ov ided a d d ress f ro m IP CP ne g ot iati on ( not a cce p te d u[...]

Chapter 11: AI2524 Sync PPP Configuration Steps August 19 97 Page 11- 11 2524UM Define DHCP as th e Global Def ault Mechanis m The Dynamic Ho st Configura tio n Protocol (DH CP) specifies these components: z A DH CP server . A h os t- ba s e d DHCP s erv er c on fi gured to accept and pr oces s re quests for t empo rary I P addr esses. z A DHCP pro[...]

AI2524 Router Card User’s Manual Page 11-12 Au gus t 1997 2524UM Configure Per-I nterface IP Address Assignment When y ou h ave d efin ed a glob al default mechanis m for assign ing IP address es to di al-in pe e rs, y ou ca n th en con figur e the few interfaces for whi ch it is i mportant to h a ve a n o ndef au lt config ura ti on. You can do [...]

Chapter 11: AI2524 Sync PPP Configuration Steps August 19 97 Page 11- 13 2524UM z Create o ne or more local IP a ddress po ols. ip local pool {default | pool na me { begin - ip-address-range [ end-ip-address-range ]}} z (Opti on al ) E nt er i n te rfa ce c on fi guration mode. interface async numb er z (Opti onal) If you w ant a n interf ace to us[...]

AI2524 Router Card User’s Manual Page 11-14 Au gus t 1997 2524UM Configure a Router as a Callback Client Beginning in g lob al c onfigurat ion mode, c onfigu re a router i n terface as a ca l lbac k clie nt: 1. Specify the inter face. interface serial numb er 2. E nable D DR. S et parit y on sy nchronous serial interfa ces and asyn- chronous inte[...]

Chapter 11: AI2524 Sync PPP Configuration Steps August 19 97 Page 11- 15 2524UM Configure a Router as a Callback Server Beginning in g lob al c onfigurat ion mode, c onfigu re a router as a call back s er ver: 1. Sp ec ify t h e in t erf ac e and enter i nte rfac e co nf igur a tion mode. interface serial numb er 2. E nable D DR. S et parit y on sy[...]

AI2524 Router Card User’s Manual Page 11-16 Au gus t 1997 2524UM 12. Confi gure a dial er map cla ss as a ca llb ac k server. dialer callback-server [ user name ] The enable ti mer d e fault is 15 seconds. T he time between the i nitial call an d the r eturn call can be improve d by reducing this number, but care shou l d be taken to e nsure th a[...]

Chapter 11: AI2524 Sync PPP Configuration Steps August 19 97 Page 11- 17 2524UM Disable or Reenable Pe er Neighbor Rout es The Cisco IOS software automatical ly crea tes neighbor r outes by de- fault ; t hat is, it automatically sets u p a ro ute to the p eer addr ess on point- to-point inte rfa ce when t he PPP IPC P negotiat ion is completed. In [...]

AI2524 Router Card User’s Manual Page 11-18 Au gus t 1997 2524UM Figur e1 1-1: Router Serial I nterfa ce Co nfig u r ed as a Half- Bridge Note: The C i sco IOS sof twar e support s no more than one PPP half-brid ge per Ethernet subne twork. Beginning in glo bal conf igura tion mode, configu re a seria l i n terface to fu n ct io n as a h al f-br [...]

Chapter 11: AI2524 Sync PPP Configuration Steps August 19 97 Page 11- 19 2524UM Configu re Multi link PPP M ultilink PPP (MLP) provide s load bala n cing ov e r multiple WAN links , wh il e provi ding multiv en dor i ntero p er abil ity, p ac ket fragmenta- tion and prop er seque nc i ng, and load cal cul atio n on both inbound and outboun d traffi[...]

AI2524 Router Card User’s Manual Page 11-20 Au gus t 1997 2524UM using V.3 4 m odems. Howeve r, packets might be dro pp ed occas i onally if the M TU i s small or if large burst s of shor t fr ames occur. Beginning in g lob al c onfigurat ion mode, c onfigure a dialer in terface to supp ort P PP encapsulat ion and Mu lti link PPP: 1. De f ine a d[...]

Chapter 11: AI2524 Sync PPP Configuration Steps August 19 97 Page 11- 21 2524UM 4. (Opti onal) Speci fy a dial er idle timeo ut. dialer idle-timeout sec onds 5. Specify the diale r loa d threshold for b ring ing up a dditi onal WAN links . dialer load-threshold load 6. Config ure the ISDN i n terface to call t he re m ote site. dialer map protocol [...]

AI2524 Router Card User’s Manual Page 11-22 Au gus t 1997 2524UM Example: Multi lin k P PP on One ISDN Interface This e xa mpl e enables Mu lt ilink PPP on the BR I 0 inter f ace. Because an I SDN i nterfa ce i s a rotary gr oup by def ault, w hen o ne BRI is con- figure d, no d ialer rota ry grou p c onfiguration is r e quired. interf ace bri 0 [...]

Chapter 11: AI2524 Sync PPP Configuration Steps August 19 97 Page 11- 23 2524UM 6. Ma p t he next- ho p proto col addre ss a nd name to the dial string need ed to r each it. dialer map protocol next-hop-address [nam e host name ] [spc] [speed 56 | 64] [broadcast] [ dial-string [: isdn-subaddress ]] 7. Specify the diale r load thr eshold, using th e[...]

AI2524 Router Card User’s Manual Page 11-24 Au gus t 1997 2524UM 6. Specify the diale r loa d threshold for b ring ing up a dditi onal WAN links . dialer load-threshold load Repeat Steps 1 thr ough 6 f or ea ch BR I you w a nt to belong t o the same diale r ro t a ry group. When Mult ili nk PPP is co nf i gured and you want a multi link bundle to[...]

Chapter 11: AI2524 Sync PPP Configuration Steps August 19 97 Page 11- 25 2524UM Example: Multi link P PP on Mu ltiple ISDN Interfaces This exam ple con figu res multip le ISD N BRIs to b elong to the same di - al e r r ot ar y g rou p for Mu l ti lin k PPP. Th dialer rotary-group command is used to assign each of th e ISDN BRIs to that di aler rota[...]

AI2524 Router Card User’s Manual Page 11-26 Au gus t 1997 2524UM Configu re Vi rtual Private Dial-up Networks Virtu al private dial- up networ ks (VDPN) all ow separate and a utono- mous proto col domain s t o shar e common access infra structure includ- ing modems, access s ervers, and IS DN routers . VPDN u ses the L evel 2 Forwarding prot ocol[...]

Chapter 11: AI2524 Sync PPP Configuration Steps August 19 97 Page 11- 27 2524UM Note: The M MP f eature uses V PDN to co nnec t mult iple PP P sessio ns for w hich ind i v idua l d ial- in calls ha ve arri ved o n diffe rent stack group members. VPDN provides sp eed and reliab ility fo r the setup a nd sh utdown o f Mult ilink PPP. Com plete th ese[...]

AI2524 Router Card User’s Manual Page 11-28 Au gus t 1997 2524UM Figure 11-2: Configure a Virtual Tem p late and Create a Vir- tual Te mplat e Interface on the Home Gateway Beginning in gl obal co nfigur ation m od e, configure a vir tua l templat for inter fac es o n a h ome gat eway a ccess server: 1. Sp ecify a defa ult loc al IP a ddress p oo[...]

Chapter 11: AI2524 Sync PPP Configuration Steps August 19 97 Page 11- 29 2524UM Configure I ncoming VPDN Connections on the Hom e Gateway In gl ob a l co nfigu rati o n mod e, c onf ig ure virtu al pr i va t e dialup net- work ing on a hom e gatew a y ro uter or a cces s server: 1. Enable vir tual private networking. vpdn enable 2. Specify the r em[...]

AI2524 Router Card User’s Manual Page 11-30 Au gus t 1997 2524UM Gateway1—Domain1 vpdn e nabl e vpdn i ncom ing nas1 gateway1 virtual-templ ate 1 interf ace virtual-template 1 ip unnumbere d Et hernet0 ppp authentication ch a p Gateway2—Domain2 vpdn e nabl e vpdn i ncom ing nas2 gateway2 virtual-templ ate 1 int vi rtua l-te mplate 1 ip unnumb[...]

Chapter 11: AI2524 Sync PPP Configuration Steps August 19 97 Page 11- 31 2524UM Gateway 1 vpdn i ncom ing nas1 gateway virtual-template 1 vpdn i ncom ing nas2 gateway virtual-templat e 2 interf ace virtual-template 1 ip unnumbere d Et hernet0 peer def ault ip address pool domain1 -po ol ppp authentication ch a p interf ace virtual-template 2 ip unn[...]

AI2524 Router Card User’s Manual Page 11-32 Au gus t 1997 2524UM Enable P PP on VTY Lines for Asynchron ous Access over ISDN You can conf igure a ro uter to su pp or t a sync hronou s ac cess over ISDN by globally enablin g PPP on VTY lin es. PPP is typica lly enabled on syn chronous or as ynchron ous serial int erfaces; howe ver, the Cisco IOS s[...]

Chapter 12: AI2524 X.25 Conf iguration Step s August 19 97 Pa ge 12- 1 2524UM Chapter 12: AI2524 X.25 Configuration St eps Introd uction This chap ter descri bes how to configure connec tions t hrough X.25 networks and Link Acce ss Pro cedure Ba lan ced ( LAPB) con nections. This sect ion also describes how to crea te X.29 access lists and profile [...]

AI2524 Router Card User’s Manual Page 12-2 Au gust 199 7 2524UM Note: If you connect a router to a n X.25 n etwork, u se the paramet ers set by your networ k adminis trator for th connect ion; these para mete rs wi ll ty pic al ly b e th os describe d in th e Configu re I nterface a nd Mod i fy LAP B Protoc ol Parameters sec tions. A l so , not e[...]

Chapter 12: AI2524 X.25 Conf iguration Step s August 19 97 Pa ge 12- 3 2524UM Set the V irtual Circ u it Rang es The X.25 prot ocol maint ains mu ltiple co nnect ions o ver one physical li n k b etwee n a D TE and a DC E. T he se co n nect i on s a re c alled virtual circ uits or L ogic al Chann els (LCs). X.25 can m ain tai n up to 4095 vir- tual [...]

AI2524 Router Card User’s Manual Page 12-4 Au gust 199 7 2524UM used to prevent o ne sid e from mo nopol izin g the virtual c irc uits, and is useful f or X. 25 inter faces wit h a sma ll to tal number o f SV Cs ava ilabl e. Six X.25 parameters define th e upper an d lower li mit of each o f th three SVC ranges. A P VC must be assi gned a n umber[...]

Chapter 12: AI2524 X.25 Conf iguration Step s August 19 97 Pa ge 12- 5 2524UM x25 li c 5 x25 hi c 20 x25 lt c 25 Set the Packet Numbering Modulo The AI 2524 i mplementati on of X .25 su pports bot h modulo 8 and mod- ulo 128 p acket sequence numbering; mod ule 8 is the de fault. In inter face con figurati on mode, set the packet num ber ing modulo:[...]

AI2524 Router Card User’s Manual Page 12-6 Au gust 199 7 2524UM Set the Default Flo w Control Values Because X .25 is a s tron gly flow-con trolled protocol, set ting correct defau lt flow con trol paramet ers for window si ze and pack et si ze i s es - senti al. Mismat ched def ault f low control valu es wi ll cause X.25 local proce du re errors[...]

Chapter 12: AI2524 X.25 Conf iguration Step s August 19 97 Pa ge 12- 7 2524UM maximum packet si zes. PVCs also u se these default value s unles s dif- feren t v al u es a re conf igu red. In in t erface co nfig u rati o n mo de, set the d efau lt input and output max- imum packet sizes: 1. Se t th e de fa u lt i n put ma x im um pa c k et size. x25[...]

AI2524 Router Card User’s Manual Page 12-8 Au gust 199 7 2524UM interf ace serial 2 ip add ress 172 .25.9.1 255.255.255.0 ! encaps ulat ion X 2 5 ! The bandw i dth command is not part of the X.25 con figu ration; i t is es- pecially impor tant to un der stand tha t it does not ha ve any connection with t he X.25 entity of the same name. bandwidth[...]

Chapter 12: AI2524 X.25 Conf iguration Step s August 19 97 Pa ge 12- 9 2524UM Thes e com mand s con figu r e the X. 25 m ap . If yo u want t o e xchange rout ing updat es wit h any of t he routers, they would nee d broadcast flags. If the X.2 5 network is t he only path to the ro uters, s tatic routes are gen e rally use d t o sa v e o n pack et ch[...]

AI2524 Router Card User’s Manual Page 12-10 Au gus t 1997 2524UM z Set DCE T10 Resta rt In dication. x25 t1 0 secon ds z Set DTE T21 Call Re quest. x25 t2 1 secon ds z Set DC E T1 1 I nc oming Call. x25 t1 1 secon ds z Set DTE T22 Res et Req uest. x25 t2 2 secon ds z Set DCE T12 Reset Ind ication. x25 t1 2 secon ds z Set DTE T23 C lear Re quest. [...]

Chapter 12: AI2524 X.25 Conf iguration Step s August 19 97 Page 12- 11 2524UM dest inat i on of a recei v ed call i f the d esti n a tion ad dre ss ma tche s the in- terf ac e's address. The AI 2524 X.25 s of t wa re ca n also r ou t e X.25 call s, w hi c h i nvo l ves placi ng a nd accepti ng c alls, bu t the rou ter is n ei ther the so urce [...]

AI2524 Router Card User’s Manual Page 12-12 Au gus t 1997 2524UM Suppress or Replace the Calling Addr ess Some at tachments r equire th at no calling (sourc e) a ddress be presented in ou tgoing cal ls. The re q uireme n t is c alled suppressing the calling ad- dress. When att ached to a PDN, X.25 may need t o ensure that outg oing calls only u s[...]

Chapter 12: AI2524 X.25 Conf iguration Step s August 19 97 Page 12- 13 2524UM Disable Packet-Level Protocol (PL P) Restarts By defau lt, a PLP re start is pe rfo rmed when t he link l ev el resets (for exam p l e, when L A P B recon ne c ts). Althoug h PL P re sta r ts c an be dis- abled for those f ew networks th at do n ot a llow rest arts, do n [...]

AI2524 Router Card User’s Manual Page 12-14 Au gus t 1997 2524UM Perf or m the se ta sks , as ne cessa ry , to co m pl ete t he X.25 conf igu r ation for y o ur network needs: z Confi gure S u bi nt erfaces z Map Protocol Add resses to X.121 A ddresses z Establ ish an Encapsul atio n PVC z Set X.25 T CP/I P H eader Co m pre s sion z Config ure X.[...]

Chapter 12: AI2524 X.25 Conf iguration Step s August 19 97 Page 12- 15 2524UM tina tion host defined fo r the prot ocol. Becaus e o nly one de stination is define d for t he i nterface , the routing proc ess need not consul t the des- tinati on ad dress in th e d at ag rams. A multipo int subi n terf ace is used t o conn ect hosts f or a given prot[...]

AI2524 Router Card User’s Manual Page 12-16 Au gus t 1997 2524UM Note : When con figur i ng I P rou t in g ov er X. 25, you m ig h t need to ma ke adjust ments to acc ommo da te split ho rizo n effects. Refer to t he C onfiguring IP Routi ng Protocols chapte r i n the Netwo rk Protocols C onfigurati on Guide, Part 1 for detai ls about how the Cis[...]

Chapter 12: AI2524 X.25 Conf iguration Step s August 19 97 Page 12- 17 2524UM Understand Pr otocol Identific ation The vario u s me t hods and prot ocols used in X .25 SVC encapsul ation are identified in a spec ific field of the c all packet ; this fiel d is defined by X. 25 to carry CUD. Si n ce PVCs do n ot use th e X .25 ca ll s e tup pro- cedu[...]

AI2524 Router Card User’s Manual Page 12-18 Au gus t 1997 2524UM 1. Subnetw or k Acce ss Protocol (SNAP) e ncoding is define d from the Assigned Numbers RFC. The AI25 24 implemen tation r ecog- nizes only th e IE TF or ganiza tional unique i dentif ier (OUI) 0x 0 0 0 0 0 0 f ol lowed by a 2- byte Et hernet prot oco l type. 2. The use of 0x81 for [...]

Chapter 12: AI2524 X.25 Conf iguration Step s August 19 97 Page 12- 19 2524UM support se vera l proto cols; alte rn a tive l y , yo u ca n defin e one map for eac h s up port ed p r ot o col. In inter face con figurati on mod e, establish a map: x25 ma p protocol address [ protocol2 addr ess2 [...[ protocol9 address9 ]]] x121 - addr ess [ opti on ][...]

AI2524 Router Card User’s Manual Page 12-20 Au gus t 1997 2524UM Note: Multiprotocol maps , esp ecia ll y those con figured to carr broa dcast traf fic , can resul t in significant ly larger traffi loa ds, re quiring a larger hold qu eue, l arger win dow siz es, or mult iple vi rtu al ci rcui ts. You can simpl ify the configur atio n for the Open[...]

Chapter 12: AI2524 X.25 Conf iguration Step s August 19 97 Page 12- 21 2524UM Example: P VC Used to Exchange IP Traffic This e xample, illus trated in Figur e 12-2 , dem onstrates h o w to use the PVC t o e xchan ge IP traf fic betwe e n R outer X and Ro u te r Y. Figur e 12-2:Estab lishing an IP Encapsul ation PVC through an X.25 Network Confi gur[...]

AI2524 Router Card User’s Manual Page 12-22 Au gus t 1997 2524UM Set X.25 TC P/IP Header Compre s sion The AI 2524 support s RF C 1 1 44 TC P /I P header co mpres sion (THC) on seri al lin es using HDLC an d X.25 encapsu lation. THC enca psula- tion is differe nt from oth er e n capsula tion t raffic. T he implemen ta tion of com presse d TC P ov[...]

Chapter 12: AI2524 X.25 Conf iguration Step s August 19 97 Page 12- 23 2524UM Configu re Additional X.25 Data gram Transport Features The Cis co IOS software al lows you to configure a dditiona l X.25 dat- agram t ransport f eatures, including various u ser facilities defi ned for X.25 c all setup. This sect ion descr i be s the X.25 datag r am tra[...]

AI2524 Router Card User’s Manual Page 12-24 Au gus t 1997 2524UM z X.25 p ay load compress ion must be ap plied caref ully. Each compres sed vir tual circui t requi res significant m emory re- sourc es ( for a di ctiona ry of l earned da ta p atter n s ) and compu tation re s ou rce s (eve ry da ta p ac ket re cei v ed is de co mp res se d a nd e[...]

Chapter 12: AI2524 X.25 Conf iguration Step s August 19 97 Page 12- 25 2524UM Increase t he Numbe r of Virtual Circuits All owed Fo r X. 25 datag ram tran spo rt, you ca n est ab lis h up to eigh t SVCs to one host f or each map . To i ncre as e t he n um ber of virtu al circui ts al lowed, perform one or both of th ese task s in interfa ce co nfig[...]

AI2524 Router Card User’s Manual Page 12-26 Au gus t 1997 2524UM Configure X.25 Us er Facil ities The X.25 s oft ware pr ovi des com mands to sup port X.25 use r facilities (opt ions specified by the crea tor s of the X. 25 Re comme ndation) that all o w you to implement fe atu res such as accounting, u ser i de ntifica- tion , and flow control n[...]

Chapter 12: AI2524 X.25 Conf iguration Step s August 19 97 Page 12- 27 2524UM z Allow r everse charging acceptanc e. x25 accept-reverse or x25 ma p protocol address [ protocol2 addr ess2 [... [ protocol9 address9 ]]] x121- addr ess accept-reverse z Sele ct thr oug h pu t class n eg oti ation. x25 facility throughput in o ut or x25 ma p protocol add[...]

AI2524 Router Card User’s Manual Page 12-28 Au gus t 1997 2524UM face defa ults for the flow co ntr ol p arameters , the se op tions m us t b used to specify the val ues. Not all n etworks wil l allo w a PVC t o be de- fined with arb itrary flow co ntrol values. Addit ionall y, the Data bi t (D-bit) is supp orted, if neg oti ated. PVCs all o w th[...]

Chapter 12: AI2524 X.25 Conf iguration Step s August 19 97 Page 12- 29 2524UM Configu re X.25 Routing T h e X.25 sof t war e imp lem entati on a l low s virt ua l cir cui ts to be routed from one X. 25 i n t erface t o a n ot her and from o ne ro uter to an other. The rout ing behavi or can be c ontrolled with switch in g and X.25- over-TCP (XOT) c[...]

AI2524 Router Card User’s Manual Page 12-30 Au gus t 1997 2524UM The X.25 switch ing subs ystem sup ports t hese f acili tie s and p arame ters: z D-bit ne gotia tion—Dat a packets with t he D-b it s et are passed throug h transpa rentl y z Va r ia ble -l eng t h in ter rupt d a ta z Flow contro l par ameter n egotiat ion z Windo w size u p to [...]

Chapter 12: AI2524 X.25 Conf iguration Step s August 19 97 Page 12- 31 2524UM the rewrit e patte rn indicat es the portio n of the or iginal a ddress matched by the di gits foll ow ing the 1 111 DNIC. x25 ro ute ^1111(.*) substitute-dest 22221 interface seri a l 3 Figure 12-3 shows a more co n trived c ommand intende d to illu str ate the power o [...]

AI2524 Router Card User’s Manual Page 12-32 Au gus t 1997 2524UM Example: X.25 Routing This e xample show s how to enable X.25 switchi ng, a s well as how to enter routes int o the X. 25 rou ti ng ta ble: Enable X.25 forwardin g: x25 ro utin g Enter routes into the table. W ithou t a posi t iona l param eter, entries ar append ed to the end of th[...]

Chapter 12: AI2524 X.25 Conf iguration Step s August 19 97 Page 12- 33 2524UM dress . As a r esult, all outgoi ng ca lls from the VA X are sent to c isco on-ty mne t for furt he r proc essing. On t h e rout er n amed c i sc o- on - ty m net, you en t er th e se com mands: x25 ro ute vax-x121-address ip cisc o-on -va x x25 ro ute .* i nterface ser i[...]

AI2524 Router Card User’s Manual Page 12-34 Au gus t 1997 2524UM Configure a Locally Swit ch e d PVC You can confi gure an X .25 PVC in the X.25 switc hing softwa re. As a result , DTEs t h at req uire permanent c ircui ts can be connected to router ac ting a s an X .25 sw i tch and have a pr operly functi o ning con- necti on. X.25 re sets will [...]

Chapter 12: AI2524 X.25 Conf iguration Step s August 19 97 Page 12- 35 2524UM Example: Si mple Re mote P VC Tu nneling In t his example, a connection is establish ed between two PVCs across a LAN . Becaus e the connection is remote ( acro s s t he LAN), the tun neling co mma nd is us ed. T h i s exam pl e es t abl is he s a PVC b et ween Router X ,[...]

AI2524 Router Card User’s Manual Page 12-36 Au gus t 1997 2524UM Flow con trol is maint ained e nd-to- end. T his was previo usly called re - mote switch ing or t unneling . Runni ng X .25 over TCP /IP prov ides a number of be nefits. O ther rout- ers can switch IP datag ram s containing t he X.25 packet s us ing the route r's h igh-s peed s[...]

Chapter 12: AI2524 X.25 Conf iguration Step s August 19 97 Page 12- 37 2524UM point C and po ints A and B ar e tun nele d. Kee palives are ena bled to maint ai n c onnect ion noti fi cation. Figur e 12-5:Local Switch ing and Remote T u n neling PVCs Confi guration f or Router X servic e tc p-ke epalives -in servic e tc p-ke epalives -out interf ace[...]

AI2524 Router Card User’s Manual Page 12-38 Au gus t 1997 2524UM Confi guration f or Router Y servic e tc p-ke epalives -in servic e tc p-ke epalives -out interf ace ethernet 0 ip add ress 172 .20.1.2 255.255.255.0 ! interf ace serial 0 x25 lt c 5 x25 pv c 1 tunn el 172.2 0.1. 1 in terface serial 0 pv c 2 x25 pv c 2 tunn el 172.2 0.1. 1 in terfac[...]

Chapter 12: AI2524 X.25 Conf iguration Step s August 19 97 Page 12- 39 2524UM tion wa s n ot t rue, resu ltin g in my sterio us problem s. The curr ent imple- mentat ion's p ractice of sig n aling th e v alues in the Call Con fi rm packe t avoid s these prob lems. Occasio nally th e older X OT implemen tat ion will be co nnected to a piece o f[...]

AI2524 Router Card User’s Manual Page 12-40 Au gus t 1997 2524UM connect ion establis hment fa il s, the next destinati on will b e tried. Up to six XOT d estina tion addresses can be e ntered. To configure an XOT r oute wit h alternate add resse s, thus adding it to the X.25 routi ng table, ty pe (in g loba l confi guration mode): x25 route [ #p[...]

Chapter 12: AI2524 X.25 Conf iguration Step s August 19 97 Page 12- 41 2524UM Spe cify a CMNS Static Map of Addres s es After enablin g CMNS on a nonse rial interf ace (or sp ecifying X.25 en- capsulat io n on a ser ial int erface) , y ou must map NSAP a ddress es to ei- ther MAC -layer add resses o r X.121 ad dresses, depen ding on th appl icatio [...]

AI2524 Router Card User’s Manual Page 12-42 Au gus t 1997 2524UM interf ace serial 1 encaps ulat ion x25 x25 ma p cm ns 3 8.8261.1 000. 0150 .1000.20 Example: CMNS Switched over a PDN This example depicts swi tching CMNS ov e r a packet-swi tched P DN. Figure 12-6 illust rates the general n etwork topol ogy for a CMNS switch ing app lication wher[...]

Chapter 12: AI2524 X.25 Conf iguration Step s August 19 97 Page 12- 43 2524UM interf ace token 0 cmns e nabl e x25 ma p cm ns 3 8.8261.1 7 08 00.4 e02.1f9f Th i s c on fig ura ti on s pe ci fi es t ha t tra ff ic fr om any o ther i n terface on Cisco Rou ter C2 t ha t is in te nded fo r a n y NS A P a ddress w ith NSAP- prefix 38.826 1.1 8 wi ll be[...]

AI2524 Router Card User’s Manual Page 12-44 Au gus t 1997 2524UM sides of a r emote l ink to Host C (on an Ethernet) and Host B (o n a Token Ring), with a dedic ated le ased line providi ng the connection. This con figuratio n list ing al lows resources on e ithe r side of the leased line to cal l Host C or Host B. This conf iguration allows traf[...]

Chapter 12: AI2524 X.25 Conf iguration Step s August 19 97 Page 12- 45 2524UM Th i s c on fig ura ti on s pe ci fi es t ha t tra ff ic fr om any o ther i n terface on Cisco Rou ter C4 t ha t is in te nded fo r a n y NS A P a ddress w ith NSAP- prefix 38.826 1.2 0 wi ll be s w it ch ed thr oug h Se rial 0. interf ace serial 0 encaps ulat ion x25 x25[...]

AI2524 Router Card User’s Manual Page 12-46 Au gus t 1997 2524UM Create an Access List To specify the a c cess con d itions, r estrict incom ing and ou tgoing con- necti ons betw een a p articular Virtu al T erminal ( VTY) line ( into a Cisco access s erver) and the addre sses i n an acce ss list by typ ing (in glob al configurati on mode): x29 a[...]

Chapter 12: AI2524 X.25 Conf iguration Step s August 19 97 Page 12- 47 2524UM Apply an Access List to a Line In line conf igu ratio n mod e, apply an access l ist t o a vir tual line by re- stri cting incom ing and o utgoin g c onnec tions between a partic u lar vir- tual te rminal li ne ( into a C isco access se rver) and the add resses in an acce[...]

AI2524 Router Card User’s Manual Page 12-48 Au gus t 1997 2524UM Configu re LAPB You can use onl y LAPB as a ser ial encaps ulatio n method if you hav a pr ivate ser ial lin e. Yo u must us e one of t he X. 25 packet-lev el encap- sulat ions when at taching to an X.25 network. The LAPB standa rds distin guish bet ween t w o types o f hos ts: Data[...]

Chapter 12: AI2524 X.25 Conf iguration Step s August 19 97 Page 12- 49 2524UM 2. In int erface c onfigu ration mode , sele ct a n enca psulation and pro- tocol if using a si ngle protoc ol or select the multi ple prot ocol op - eration by perf orming o ne or more of these tasks: z Enable encaps ulation of a single protocol on th e l ine u sing DCE [...]

AI2524 Router Card User’s Manual Page 12-50 Au gus t 1997 2524UM ters can be m odifie d t o change LA PB protocol performance on parti cular link . Because X.2 5 operat es the PLP on top o f the LAPB proto col, these ta sks apply to both X. 25 links an d LAPB links. The pa- ramete rs and thei r defa ult value s a re s ummarized in th is ta ble. T[...]

Chapter 12: AI2524 X.25 Conf iguration Step s August 19 97 Page 12- 51 2524UM z LAPB M o dulo a nd LA PB K. Th e LAPB modul o dete rm ines the operat ing mod e. Modulo 8 ( basic mode ) is widely available, be- cause it is required for al l standard LAPB implementa tio ns and is suffi ci en t fo r most l in k s. Modulo 128 ( extend ed mode) can ac h[...]

AI2524 Router Card User’s Manual Page 12-52 Au gus t 1997 2524UM z LAPB T4. The LAPB stand a rds d e fi ne a timer to dete ct un sig- naled l i nk fai lu res (T4) . Th e T 4 tim e r is re set ev ery time a frame is re ceived from the par tner on the link. If the T 4 timer expi res, Rece iver R eady fr ame with the Poll bit set is sent to the part[...]

Chapter 12: AI2524 X.25 Conf iguration Step s August 19 97 Page 12- 53 2524UM Note: The lapb hold-queue command is no longer supp or te d , but the s ame f unct i on a li t y is p ro v id ed by the hold-queue size out stan dard qu eue co ntrol com mand. Configure T ranspar en t Bridging over Mu ltiprotocol LAPB To configure trans parent bri dging o[...]

AI2524 Router Card User’s Manual Page 12-54 Au gus t 1997 2524UM z Displa y CMNS c onnectio ns o ver LLC2. show llc 2 z Displa y the protocol-to -X.121 address map . show x25 map z Displa y rou tes assi gn ed by t he x25 route c omm and. show x25 route z Displ ay deta ils of activ e virtu a l cir cuits. show x25 vc [lcn] Example: Transparen t Bri[...]

Chapter 12: AI2524 X.25 Conf iguration Step s August 19 97 Page 12- 55 2524UM lows fo r success ful ping comm ands. A s im ilar co n fig u ration is r e quired for the same su bnet IP addres ses to work across X.25. Figur e 12-8:Parallel Serial Lines to an X.25 Network Note: All four serial ports c onfigur ed for the tw o router s in the foll owing[...]

AI2524 Router Card User’s Manual Page 12-56 Au gus t 1997 2524UM Confi guration f or Router B interf ace serial 0 ip 172 .20.170. 3 25 5.255.25 5.0 x25 ad dres s 31 37005406 5 x25 ma p ip 172.20. 170. 1 31 37005406 8 x25 ma p ip 172.20. 170. 2 31 37005406 8 ! interf ace serial 3 ip 172 .20.170. 4 25 5.255.25 5.0 x25 ad dres s 31 37005406 7 x25 ma[...]

Chapter 12: AI2524 X.25 Conf iguration Step s August 19 97 Page 12- 57 2524UM This entry a llows the remote router t o ret urn a boot image from the host to th e ro ute r bo otin g over X.25.[...]

AI2524 Router Card User’s Manual Page 12-58 Au gus t 1997 2524UM[...]

Chapter 13: AI2524 Frame Relay Conf iguration Step s August 19 97 Pa ge 13- 1 2524UM Chapter 13: AI2524 Frame Relay Configuratio n Steps Introd uction Thi s chapt er descri bes how to p erform a variety of f rame re lay c onfig- uratio n ta sks and en abl e f r ame rel ay encapsula t ion. Frame R elay Hardware Configu ration Route rs and ac cess se[...]

AI2524 Router Card User’s Manual Page 13-2 Au gust 199 7 2524UM The Fra me Rel ay interface actu ally consist s of one physical connec tion between the ne twork se rver an d t h e s witch that p rovides the serv ice. Thi s s ingl e physica l conne ctio n prov ides direct conne ctivity to each dev ice o n a netw ork, su ch as a StrataCom FastP ack[...]

Chapter 13: AI2524 Frame Relay Conf iguration Step s August 19 97 Pa ge 13- 3 2524UM Examples: IETF Encapsulation The firs t exa mple sets IETF encapsul atio n at the interface level. The second exam ple sets I ETF encaps ulation on a p er-DLC I bas is. In the first example , the keyword ietf sets t he de fault encapsulat ion me thod for all map s [...]

AI2524 Router Card User’s Manual Page 13-4 Au gust 199 7 2524UM To establi sh static mapp ing according t o your network nee ds, perform one of th ese tasks in int erface conf igura tion mode: z Define the mapping betwe en a next hop protocol address and the DLCI used t o c onnect t o t he add ress. frame-relay map prot oc ol protocol-address dlc[...]

Chapter 13: AI2524 Frame Relay Conf iguration Step s August 19 97 Pa ge 13- 5 2524UM Confi guration f or Router 2 interf ace seria l 0 ip add ress 131 .108.64. 1 25 5.255.25 5.0 encaps ulat ion frame-relay keepal ive 1 0 frame- rela y ma p ip 131 .108 .64.2 43 IPX Routi ng Example This e xample illustrate s how to sen d packet s destined f or I PX [...]

AI2524 Router Card User’s Manual Page 13-6 Au gust 199 7 2524UM Th e ro ut er decodes the re pl y and con fi g u res its elf au toma ti ca ll y. If more than one reply is received, the route r conf igures itself acco rding to the most recent reply , accomm odatin g intelligent switc hes that can handle mul tiple fo rmats simu ltaneou sly. Us i ng[...]

Chapter 13: AI2524 Frame Relay Conf iguration Step s August 19 97 Pa ge 13- 7 2524UM Set the LMI Keepalive Interval A keepali ve interv al must be set to conf igure the LMI. B y default , this inte rval is 10 seconds and, per t he L MI p rotoc ol, mus t be less than the corresp onding i nterval on the s wi tch. z To s et t he ke e palive int erv al[...]

AI2524 Router Card User’s Manual Page 13-8 Au gust 199 7 2524UM Configu re Frame Relay Switched Virtual Circuits Currentl y, acces s to F ram e Relay net works is made th rough pr ivate leased lin es at speeds ranging f rom 56 kbps to 45 Mbps . Frame Relay is a connec tion-o riented, packe t-tra nsfer mechan ism tha t estab lishes virt ual c ir c[...]

Chapter 13: AI2524 Frame Relay Conf iguration Step s August 19 97 Pa ge 13- 9 2524UM 3. Enable Fra me Relay encapsu lation on th e inter face. encapsulation frame-relay 4. A ssig n a map group to t he inte rface. map-group group-name 5. Enable Fra me Relay SVC support on the int erface. frame-relay svc Map-grou p details are specified w ith the ma [...]

AI2524 Router Card User’s Manual Page 13-10 Au gus t 1997 2524UM 2. Specify the subin t er face IP addr ess, i f needed. ip address ip-address mask 3. A ssig n a map group to t he subin ter face. map-group group-name Example: SVCs on a Subinterface This exampl e c onfigu res a poi nt-to-p oint inter face for S VC o p eration. This ex a mple assu [...]

Chapter 13: AI2524 Frame Relay Conf iguration Step s August 19 97 Page 13- 11 2524UM Defin e another m ap cla s s and it s QO S s et t ings: map-cl ass rainbow frame -rel ay c ir in 64 000 frame -rel ay i dle-time r 20 00 Configure a Map Class Beginning in g lob al c onfigurat ion mode, c onfigure a map class: 1. Sp e cif y the F ra me R el ay ma p[...]

AI2524 Router Card User’s Manual Page 13-12 Au gus t 1997 2524UM 12. Set the outgoing exce ss burst size (Be). frame-relay be out bits 13. Set the idle timeout int e rval . frame-relay idle-timer durat ion You can def ine multi pl e map cl as s es. A map c la ss is associa ted with a stat ic map, no t with the int erface or su bint erface. Becaus[...]

Chapter 13: AI2524 Frame Relay Conf iguration Step s August 19 97 Page 13- 13 2524UM By def a ult , th e Frame R ej ect f ram e i s s en t at t he L APF F r am e Reject proced ure. Note : Man i pu l a tio n of Laye r 2 p a ra meters is n o t re comm ended if yo u do not know well the resulting fu nctional change. For more i nformatio n, r efer t o [...]

AI2524 Router Card User’s Manual Page 13-14 Au gus t 1997 2524UM By defin in g separate virtua l circuits for differen t types of t r affic and specif ying q ueuing and an outbound tra ffic rate for e ach v ir tua l circuit, you can provi de guara ntee d b andwidth for each t ype of traff ic. By specif ying diff erent tr affic rates for dif feren[...]

Chapter 13: AI2524 Frame Relay Conf iguration Step s August 19 97 Page 13- 15 2524UM Define a Map Clas s wi th Qu e ui ng an d Tr aff ic Sh api ng Parameters Whe n you de f ine a ma p c las s fo r F rame R el ay, y o u ca n d efi ne the av- erage and peak rat es (in bi ts per second) al lowed on v irtual circuits as- sociate d with the map class. Y[...]

AI2524 Router Card User’s Manual Page 13-16 Au gus t 1997 2524UM Define Custom Queue Lists for the Map Clas s You c an de fine a q ueue list for a pro tocol and a defaul t qu eue list. You can also spec ify t h e maximum number of bytes t o be t rans mitted in any cycle . The n umber used for a spe cific q ueue lis t ties t he list t o the Frame [...]

Chapter 13: AI2524 Frame Relay Conf iguration Step s August 19 97 Page 13- 17 2524UM interf ace Serial0 no ip add ress encap sula tion fra me-r elay frame -rel ay l mi-type ansi frame -rel ay t raffic-s hapi ng frame -rel ay c lass slo w_vc s ! interf ace Serial0.1 point-to-point ip ad dres s 10 .128.30. 1 25 5.25 5.255.24 8 ip os pf c ost 200 band[...]

AI2524 Router Card User’s Manual Page 13-18 Au gus t 1997 2524UM Custo m ize Fra me Relay for Your Network Perform these task s to customize Frame Rela y : z Confi gure Fr am e Relay Subin ter faces z Confi gure Fr am e Relay Swi tching z Disa ble or Re enabl e Fram e Relay Inve rse A RP z Create a Bro adcast Queue fo r an In terfac e z Confi gur[...]

Chapter 13: AI2524 Frame Relay Conf iguration Step s August 19 97 Page 13- 19 2524UM Config uring Frame Relay subi nterfaces ensures that a single physical inter face is trea ted as mu ltiple vir tual in terfa c e s. This capa b il ity allows us t o ov erco m e s pl it ho ri z on ru les . Packe t s rec e iv e d on one virtual in- te r face can now [...]

AI2524 Router Card User’s Manual Page 13-20 Au gus t 1997 2524UM Figur e 13-2:Using Subinterfaces to Prov ide Full Co nnectiv- ity on a Partially Meshed Frame Relay N etwork Define Frame Relay Subinterfaces Config ure subint erfaces on a Frame Rela y ne t w ork: 1. Sp ec ify a seri al i n ter fa ce. interface serial numb er 2. Co nfi gure Fr am e[...]

Chapter 13: AI2524 Frame Relay Conf iguration Step s August 19 97 Page 13- 21 2524UM Define Subinterface Addr essing For poin t-to-p oint subint erfa ces, the destination is pres umed to be kno wn and is ident ified o r implied in the frame-relay inter- face -dlc i command. For mul tipo int subint erface s, t h e dest i nations can be dynamical ly [...]

AI2524 Router Card User’s Manual Page 13-22 Au gus t 1997 2524UM You can confi gure some protoc ols for dynamic address mapping and othe rs for s tatic addr ess mapping. Accept Invers e ARP f or Dynam ic Address Mappi ng on Mul tipo int Subi nterfa ces Dyna mic addr e ss mapp ing uses F rame Rela y Invers e ARP t o re quest the next hop p rotocol[...]

Chapter 13: AI2524 Frame Relay Conf iguration Step s August 19 97 Page 13- 23 2524UM interf ace Serial0 no ip add ress encap sula tion fra me-r elay frame -rel ay l mi-type ansi ! interf ace Serial0.103 mult ipoi nt ip ad dres s 17 2.21.177 .18 255.255.255.0 frame -rel ay i nterface -dlc i 30 0 ! interf ace Serial0.104 mult ipoi nt ip ad dres s 17 [...]

AI2524 Router Card User’s Manual Page 13-24 Au gus t 1997 2524UM The br oadc as t keyword i s requi red for ro utin g protocols s uch as OSI pr otocol s and th e Open Shor test Path First (OSPF) protocol. Se the frame-relay map com mand des cription in the Wi de -Area Networking C ommand Refer ence for more informati on about using the broa dc as[...]

Chapter 13: AI2524 Frame Relay Conf iguration Step s August 19 97 Page 13- 25 2524UM Poin t- t o - Poi nt Su bint erf ac es In inter face con figurati on mode, conf igure tra nsparent b ri dging for point- to-p oint subint erfaces: 1. Sp ec ify a seri al i n ter fa ce. interface serial numb er 2. Co nfi gure Fr am e Relay e ncapsulat ion on the s e[...]

AI2524 Router Card User’s Manual Page 13-26 Au gus t 1997 2524UM Confi guration f or Router B frame- rela y sw itching ! interf ace token-ring 0 ip add ress 131 .108.178 .1 2 55.255.2 55.0 ! interf ace serial 0 no ip address encaps ulation frame-relay IETF bandwi dth 384 clockr ate 4000000 frame- rela y in tf-type d c e ! interf ace serial 0.2 po[...]

Chapter 13: AI2524 Frame Relay Conf iguration Step s August 19 97 Page 13- 27 2524UM Example: Transparen t Bridging Usi ng Subint er faces In this exa mple, Frame Rela y DL CIs 42, 64, and 73 ar e t o be used a s separ ate poin t-to -point links with trans parent br idgi ng run ning over them. Th e brid g ing spanning tr ee algori thm vie ws each P[...]

AI2524 Router Card User’s Manual Page 13-28 Au gus t 1997 2524UM 3. Co nfigure t he subi nterface. interface serial number.subinterface-number point-to-point 4. Specify a DLC I for the subinter face. frame-relay interface-dlci dlci 5. Sp ec ify a bac kup int er face for t h e subin terface. backup interface serial numb er 6. Specify b acku p enab[...]

Chapter 13: AI2524 Frame Relay Conf iguration Step s August 19 97 Page 13- 29 2524UM In F igur e 13-3 , Rout ers A , B, an d C ar e F rame Re lay DTEs c onnected to each oth er via a Fr am e Relay network. Our implemen tatio n o f Frame Relay switchin g a llows o ur dev ices to be used as depicte d i n this Fra me Rel ay network. Per f orm th e ta [...]

AI2524 Router Card User’s Manual Page 13-30 Au gus t 1997 2524UM Example: P VC Switching Configuration Yo u c a n co n f i gure y o ur ro ut e r as a d ed ic ated, D CE-onl y Fr a m e R ela y switch . Swi tching is b ased on DLC Is . T he in com i ng D LC I i s e xa m- ined, a nd th e outgoin g interface and D LCI are determined . Switching takes[...]

Chapter 13: AI2524 Frame Relay Conf iguration Step s August 19 97 Page 13- 31 2524UM Example: P ure Fram e Relay DCE Using th e PV C switch ing feature , it is possib le t o bu ild an e n t i re Frame Relay netwo rk using our routers. In this exampl e, Router A and Router C a ct a s F rame R ela y swi tch es i mpl em enti ng a two -node netwo rk. T[...]

AI2524 Router Card User’s Manual Page 13-32 Au gus t 1997 2524UM Confi guration f or Router A frame- rela y sw itching ! interf ace ethernet 0 no ip address shutdo wn ! interf ace ethernet 1 no ip address shutdo wn ! interf ace ethernet 2 no ip address shutdo wn ! interf ace ethernet 3 no ip address shutdo wn ! interf ace serial 0 ip add ress 131[...]

Chapter 13: AI2524 Frame Relay Conf iguration Step s August 19 97 Page 13- 33 2524UM Confi guration f or Router C frame- rela y sw itching ! interf ace ethernet 0 no ip address shutdo wn ! interf ace ethernet1 no ip address shutdo wn ! interf ace ethernet 2 no ip address shutdo wn ! interf ace ethernet 3 no ip address shutdo wn ! interf ace seria l[...]

AI2524 Router Card User’s Manual Page 13-34 Au gus t 1997 2524UM Example: Hyb r id DTE /DCE PVC Switching Route rs ca n als o be configure d as h ybrid DTE/ DCE F rame Relay switch es (s ee Figur e 13-6 ). Figur e 13-6:Hybrid DTE/DCE PV C Switching In this exa mple, Router B acts as a h ybrid DT E/DCE Fr ame Relay switch . It ca n sw itch frames [...]

Chapter 13: AI2524 Frame Relay Conf iguration Step s August 19 97 Page 13- 35 2524UM Confi guration f or Router B frame- rela y sw itching ! interf ace ethernet 0 ip add ress 131 .108.123 .231 255 .255.255 .0 ! interf ace ethernet 1 ip add ress 131 .108.5.2 31 2 55.255.2 55.0 ! interf ace serial 0 no ip address shutdo wn ! interf ace serial 1 no ip[...]

AI2524 Router Card User’s Manual Page 13-36 Au gus t 1997 2524UM Example: Switching over an IP T unnel You can switch ov er an IP tunn el by cr eating a point -to- point tunnel across th e int ernetwor k over whic h PVC switching ca n take place (s e Figure 13-7 ). Figur e 13-7:Frame Relay Switch over IP Tun nel The following c onfigu rati ons il[...]

Chapter 13: AI2524 Frame Relay Conf iguration Step s August 19 97 Page 13- 37 2524UM Confi guration f or Router A frame- rela y sw itching ! interf ace Ethernet0 ip add ress 108 .131.123 .231 255 .255.255 .0 ! interf ace Ethernet1 ip add ress 131 .108.5.2 31 2 55.255.2 55.0 ! interf ace Serial0 no ip address shutdo wn ! interf ace Serial1 ip add re[...]

AI2524 Router Card User’s Manual Page 13-38 Au gus t 1997 2524UM Disable or Reenab le Frame Relay Inverse ARP Frame Relay Inver se ARP is a method of bui lding dynamic a ddress mappings in Frame Relay net works running IP a n d No vell IPX. In- verse ARP allows the rou ter or access ser ve r to d iscover t he p rotocol addr ess of a device associ[...]

Chapter 13: AI2524 Frame Relay Conf iguration Step s August 19 97 Page 13- 39 2524UM inter fac e buf fe rs a nd l e ad t o high er pa ck e t ra te l oss for both user dat and routin g up dates. To a void s uc h pro blem s, y ou can c r e at e a s pec ia l br oa d cast queue for an inter face. The b roadcast que ue i s managed ind ependent ly of th [...]

AI2524 Router Card User’s Manual Page 13-40 Au gus t 1997 2524UM A typical TCP /IP packet inclu des a 40-byte datagr am hea der. Once a connect ion is estab lis hed, the header inf ormation n eed not b e repeated in every p acke t th at is s ent . Recon s tructi ng a smal l er hea de r that iden- tifie s the conn e cti on a nd in di c a tes th e [...]

Chapter 13: AI2524 Frame Relay Conf iguration Step s August 19 97 Page 13- 41 2524UM In inter face con figurati on mode, conf igur e a n I P ma p to use Cisco enca p sul at i on an d TCP / I P header c omp ression: frame-relay map ip ip-address dlci [broadcast] cisco tcp headercompression {active | passive} The default encapsul ation is ci sco. No [...]

AI2524 Router Card User’s Manual Page 13-42 Au gus t 1997 2524UM Example: I P Map with I nherite d TCP/IP Header Compression This e xample shows an int erf ace co n fi gu red f or TCP /I P h e ade r co m- pressi on and an IP map that inherits t he compres sion characte ri stics. No t e th at th e F rame R el ay I P ma p is n ot e x pl ic it ly co[...]

Chapter 13: AI2524 Frame Relay Conf iguration Step s August 19 97 Page 13- 43 2524UM Disable TCP/IP Hea der Compres sion You c a n di sa b le TCP/ I P h ea de r comp ression by usi ng eit h er of two com ma nds t ha t have diff ere nt effe cts, dep ending on w he t her Fr a m Rela y IP m aps hav e been ex p li cit l y confi g ur e d fo r TCP/IP hea[...]

AI2524 Router Card User’s Manual Page 13-44 Au gus t 1997 2524UM Use the show frame-relay map com mand to display the result ing compre ssion and enca psulation chara cter istics: Router > sh ow f rame-rel ay m ap Serial 1 (admi nist ratively down): ip 1 31.1 08.177.1 77 1 77 dlci 1 77(0 xB1, 0x2 C10) , st atic, broadc ast CISCO Serial 1 (admi[...]

Chapter 13: AI2524 Frame Relay Conf iguration Step s August 19 97 Page 13- 45 2524UM Configure Disc ard Eli gibility Yo u can spe ci fy whi ch Fr am e Rela y p ack et s ha ve low prior ity or low time se nsitivit y a nd will b e th e firs t to be dro pped w hen a F ram e Re lay switch is cong ested . The mechani sm that al lows a F rame R e la y sw[...]

AI2524 Router Card User’s Manual Page 13-46 Au gus t 1997 2524UM Before yo u con figur e the DLCI priority l evel s, complete these t a sks: 1. Define a global p riorit y list. 2. Enable F r a me Relay e nc apsulation, as d e s cribed earlier in this sec- tion . 3. Define stati c o r d ynamic addr ess map ping, as describe d earlier in this sect [...]

Chapter 13: AI2524 Frame Relay Conf iguration Step s August 19 97 Page 13- 47 2524UM Monitor the Frame R elay Conne ctions To monitor Frame Relay c onnectio ns, perform any of these tasks in EXEC mod e: z Clear dynamically c reated F rame Relay maps, w hich ar e created by the use o f Inv erse AR P. clear frame-relay-inarp z Displa y info rmation a[...]

AI2524 Router Card User’s Manual Page 13-48 Au gus t 1997 2524UM Inter operabi lity is prov ided by IETF enca p sulation. frame- rela y ma p ip 131 .108 .123.3 4 9 br oadcast iet f frame- rela y ma p ip 131 .108 .123.7 5 8 br oadcast This line al low s the ro ute r to co nnect with a device runn ing an older version of softw are. frame- rela y ma[...]

Chapter 13: AI2524 Frame Relay Conf iguration Step s August 19 97 Page 13- 49 2524UM In this cas e, 100 is the DLCI that can get to host 13 1.108 .126 .111. The r emote router must have th is frame-relay map entr y: frame- relay map ip 131 .108.126 .200 101 broadc ast This entry a llows the remote router t o ret urn a b oot i mage (from the network[...]

AI2524 Router Card User’s Manual Page 13-50 Au gus t 1997 2524UM[...]

Chapter 14: T1 Interface Co nfiguration Step s August 19 97 Pa ge 14- 1 2524UM Chapter 14: T1 In terface Configuration St eps Introd uction Thi s chapter describ es how to confi gu re the AI25 24 for fracti onal T1 . Configu re Fractional T1 Configuration Ov erview This sect ion describes how to co nfigure fracti onal T 1 and T1 ( FT1/T1 servic e m[...]

AI2524 Router Card User’s Manual Page 14-2 Au gust 199 7 2524UM To gu arant ee th e one s den si ty r eq ui re me nt on an A MI lin e us ing th FT1/T1 CSU/DSU module, type t hi s in i nterface con figu ration mode: service-module t1 data-coding inverted This command inverts b it co des by cha ng i ng all 1 bit s t o 0b its and all 0 bits t o 1 bi[...]

Chapter 14: T1 Interface Co nfiguration Step s August 19 97 Pa ge 14- 3 2524UM To tr an sm it p acke ts wi t hou t dec r easing out going signal str ength, typ this i n i n t erf ac e con f igu r a tion mode: service-module t1 lbo none The ideal si gn al strength shou ld be b etwee n - 15 dB an d -2 2 d B , which is c alculated by adding the phon e[...]

AI2524 Router Card User’s Manual Page 14-4 Au gust 199 7 2524UM Super Frame configured, the r emote al ar m conditio n is sig nalled out of b an d i n t he faci li ty data l in k . You can s ee if th e FT1/T1 CSU/DSU is receiv ing a remote al a rm (yel- low a larm) by is suing the show service-module com mand . To d i sa bl e r em o te ala rms, t[...]

Chapter 14: T1 Interface Co nfiguration Step s August 19 97 Pa ge 14- 5 2524UM Spe cify Timeslots To define timeslots for FT 1/T1 module, typ e this in interface configu- ration m od e: service-module t1 timeslots { rang e | a ll} [speed {56 | 64}] This command sp ecifies wh ich timeslot s a re used in frac tion al T1 op- erat ion and determines th[...]

AI2524 Router Card User’s Manual Page 14-6 Au gust 199 7 2524UM[...]

Chapter 15: 56/64-kbps Switch ed and Digital Data Services (DDS) In terfac e August 19 97 Pa ge 15- 1 2524UM Chapter 15: 56/64-kb ps Swi t ch ed and Digital Data Servic es (DDS ) Interface Configuratio n Steps Introd uction Thi s cha pter descri bes how to configure 2- and 4 -wire 56/64 kbps ser- vice module s . T he se tasks are descri bed: z Set [...]

AI2524 Router Card User’s Manual Page 15-2 Au gust 199 7 2524UM Set the Net work Line S peed In i nte rfa ce co n fig u r ation mo d e, co n fi gur e t he net wo r k l i ne speed for a 4 -wir e 56/64-k bps CSU/DSU module: service-module 56k clock r ate line-speed You can use the fo llowing line speed setting s: 2.4, 4. 8, 9. 6, 1 9.2, 38.4, 56, 6[...]

Chapter 15: 56/64-kbps Switch ed and Digital Data Services (DDS) In terfac e August 19 97 Pa ge 15- 3 2524UM Enable Scrambled Data Coding In interface configura tion m ode, prevent application data from r epli cating loopb ack codes wh en opera ting a t 64-kbps on a 4-wi re CSU/ DSU by scrambli ng bit codes befo re transmi s sion: service-module 56[...]

AI2524 Router Card User’s Manual Page 15-4 Au gust 199 7 2524UM Enable Accept ance of a Remote Loopback Req uest In interface configura tion mode, enable the ac ce ptanc e of a remot loopbac k r equest on a 2- or 4- wi r e 56/64- k b ps CS U/ D SU module: service-module 56k remote-loopback The no service-module 56k remote-loopback co mmand preve [...]

Chapter 16: Basic Configura tion August 19 97 Pa ge 16- 1 2524UM Chapter 16: Basic Configuration Conne cting to the Network Conne cting to an Ethernet Netw o rk The AI252 4 can b e connected to an Ethern et netwo rk b y: z Using a st raight-t hro ugh 1 0Bas eT cab le to conne ct the 10BaseT port to a 10B aseT hub. z Using a cro s so ver 10Ba seT ca[...]

AI2524 Router Card User’s Manual Page 16-2 Au gust 199 7 2524UM Booting the Route r for the First Time Each t ime y ou power on the rout er, it go es throug h thi s boot sequence: 1. The router g oe s t hrough power-o n s elf-t est diagno stics to verify basi c opera tion of th e CPU, memo ry, and inte rfaces. 2. The sys tem boots trap softwar e [...]

Chapter 16: Basic Configura tion August 19 97 Pa ge 16- 3 2524UM Warning: Acquire th e correc t network addresses from your system administ rator or consult your ne twork pl an to determin correct addr esses befo re yo u be gin to configure the r ou ter. Using Con figuration Mode You can confi gure th e router manu ally if you prefer n ot t o use A[...]

AI2524 Router Card User’s Manual Page 16-4 Au gust 199 7 2524UM 6. T o se e the con figurati on in NVR AM, enter t h show startup- conf ig co mma nd at the enabl e prompt: Router # sh ow s tartup-c onfi g The res ult s of th e show running-config and show star- tup-config commands will be different if you have ma d chang es to the configuratio n [...]

Chapter 16: Basic Configura tion August 19 97 Pa ge 16- 5 2524UM 4. T u rn O N power to the router. The rou ter wi ll lo ad the opera tin g syst em image from Fla sh m em- ory. If the r emote en d of the WAN conne ction is c onnected and prope rly co n fi gu red , the AutoInst all process wi ll b egin. If Au toInstall s uccessf ully complete s, you[...]

AI2524 Router Card User’s Manual Page 16-6 Au gust 199 7 2524UM To accept the defa ult answe r, press <E nter>; ot h erwise ent er y our re- spo nse. This s ectio n gives an example configu ration us ing the System Config- urati on Dialo g. Whe n you are configur ing your ro uter, re spond as ap propr ia te f or yo ur n e tw ork. At any tim[...]

Chapter 16: Basic Configura tion August 19 97 Pa ge 16- 7 2524UM System Boo tstrap, Version X.X( XXXX ) [X XXXX XX ], R ELEASE S OFTW A R E Copyri ght (c) 1986 -199 2 by Cis co S yste m s 2500 p roce ssor wit h 40 96 K bytes of main m emor y Notice : NV RAM invalid, possibly due to write eras e F3: 57 9792 8+16 2396+258 800 at 0 x3000060 Restri cte[...]

AI2524 Router Card User’s Manual Page 16-8 Au gust 199 7 2524UM 4. When the System Config uration Dialog ask s whether yo u want to view t h e cur rent in terfa c e su mm ary, press < Re turn> or enter yes: First, wou ld you l ike to s ee the c urre nt interface summary? [yes]: Any in terf ace listed with OK? value “NO" does not hav [...]

Chapter 16: Basic Configura tion August 19 97 Pa ge 16- 9 2524UM 7. Enter the en able and vi rtual termi nal pas swords: Enter enable password: s h o v e l Enter virtual term inal password: vt e rm l 8. Press <Ent er> to accept Simple N etwork Ma nagemen t P rotocol (SNMP) management , or enter no to refuse it: Config ure SNMP Network Managem[...]

AI2524 Router Card User’s Manual Page 16-10 Au gus t 1997 2524UM Configu ring the Ether net or Token Ri ng In terfa c es Take thes e steps to c onfigu re the Ether net or T oken Ring interf ace to allo w c ommu nicatio n over a LA N. To co nfigu re the interface param eter s, you need to kn ow your Ethernet or Token R ing i nterface net- work add[...]

Chapter 16: Basic Configura tion August 19 97 Page 16- 11 2524UM 3. Deter mine if you are going t o e nable IPX on the inte rfa ce. I f so, enter ye s and th en enter the unique IPX netwo rk nu mber: Config ure IPX o n this inte rfac e? [no]: y es IPX ne twor k nu mber [1] : B0 01 Configu ring the Synchronous Serial I nterfaces The syn chronou s se[...]

AI2524 Router Card User’s Manual Page 16-12 Au gus t 1997 2524UM 3. Config u re the second sy n chronous s e ri al interface, for ex ample, as: Config urin g in terface Seri all: Is this interface in use? [yes]: Configu re I P on thi s in terf ace? ~ye s;: Configu re I P un numbered on this interface? [no] : IP ad dres s fo r this i nter face : 1[...]

Chapter 16: Basic Configura tion August 19 97 Page 16- 13 2524UM 2. Enter the configure terminal comm and. Router # co nfig ter m 3. If yo u have no t al read y done so, enter the isdn switch-type command to conf igu r e the ISDN switch type: router (config ) # ISDN switch- type swi tch-typ e 4. Enter the BRI i nterface , encapsu lati on meth od ( [...]

AI2524 Router Card User’s Manual Page 16-14 Au gus t 1997 2524UM 6. T o s et u p a sec o nd B cha nn el fo r ba ndw i dth on d e ma nd, enter the load-th resho ld command to set th e I SDN load threshol d. The load thresho ld det ermines t he percentage of ne twork load ing at w hich the se cond ISDN B c ha nn el is tr iggere d. The val ue range [...]

Chapter 16: Basic Configura tion August 19 97 Page 16- 15 2524UM 1. Enter enable mode: Router > en able passwo rd: enablepasswor d 2. E nter c onf igura tion mode: Router # co nfig ter m Router (con fig) # 3. A s sig n a n I P addr ess to t h e se rial p or t o n the m odule: Router (con fig) # interf ace serial port_numb e r Router (con fig- if[...]

AI2524 Router Card User’s Manual Page 16-16 Au gus t 1997 2524UM Configu ring DDS The 4-wir e 56/64-kbp s DSU/CSU WAN modul e is con f igured for DDS (whi ch are l eased or dedi cated lines) as the factor y defa u lt, but it ca n be con fi gu red fo r e it h er s witc h e d 56/ 64- k bps ser vic e or DDS. Th DDS conf i g uration i s des cribed i [...]

Chapter 16: Basic Configura tion August 19 97 Page 16- 17 2524UM Configu ring the Fractional T1/ T1 DSU/CSU WAN Module This secti on des cribes how to config ur e the fraction al Tl/T 1 DSU/ CSU W A N m odule is confi g ure d for E x te nd ed Su per frame Format (ESF) s ignal format, bip olar zero subst ituti on (B8ZS), and full band- width as the [...]

AI2524 Router Card User’s Manual Page 16-18 Au gus t 1997 2524UM 6. Return to user EXEC mod e : Router (config- if)# exi t Router (con fig) # ex it Router # ex it Router > Spe c if ying the Boot Method You can enter multi ple boot c om ma nds in the con figura tion in NVRA M to prov ide a backup method fo r loading t he Ci sco I OS image onto [...]

Chapter 16: Basic Configura tion August 19 97 Page 16- 19 2524UM 2. TFTP server If F lash m emory is n ot avail able , or i f Flas h mem ory do es not con- tain a va l id Cisco IOS im age, yo u can spec ify that system sof tware be loaded from a TFTP serv er o n your netwo rk as a back up b oot metho d for the ro uter. In this example, repl ace fil[...]

AI2524 Router Card User’s Manual Page 16-20 Au gus t 1997 2524UM Checking the Configu ration Setti ngs Enter the show version comman d to c heck the softwar e version (thi rd line f rom the top i n this display) and configurat ion regist er set- ting (at the e nd of this di splay): Router > sh ovrs ion Cisco Int ernetwor k Op erat ing System S[...]

Chapter 17: Command References August 19 97 Pa ge 17- 1 2524UM Chapter 17: Command Refer ences Introd uction Thi s cha pter con tains a l ink to the AI2524/Ci sco I OS v. 11 .2 documen- tati on. Command References Refer to the Cisco C omm and Referenc e c hapters on the AI25 24/Cisco IOS v. 11.2 documenta tion CD. z Secu rity Com man d Refere nc z [...]

AI2524 Router Card User’s Manual Page 17-2 Au gust 199 7 2524UM[...]

Chapter 18: System Error Messages August 19 97 Pa ge 18- 1 2524UM Chapter 18: System Error Messages Introd uction Thi s cha pter con tains a l ink to the AI2524/Ci sco I OS v. 11 .2 documen- tati on. System Err or Messages Refer to the Cisco C omm and Referenc e c hapters on the AI25 24/Cisco IOS v. 11.2 documenta tion CD.[...]

AI2524 Router Card User’s Manual Page 18-2 Au gust 199 7 2524UM[...]

Chapter 19: D ebug Command Referen c e August 19 97 Pa ge 19- 1 2524UM Chapter 19: Debug Command Referen ce Introd uction Thi s cha pter con tains a l ink to the AI2524/Ci sco I OS v. 11 .2 documen- tati on. Debug Command Reference Refer to the Cisco C omm and Referenc e c hapters on the AI25 24/Cisco IOS v. 11.2 documenta tion CD.[...]

AI2524 Router Card User’s Manual Page 19-2 Au gust 199 7 2524UM[...]

Appendix A: Release Notes August 19 97 Page A-1 2524UM Appendix A: Release Notes[...]

AI2524 Router Card User ’ s Manual Page A-2 Au gus t 1997 2524UM[...]

R N194 Page --1 AISwitch Release Notes AI25 24, Versi o n 1.00 Router Card August 1997 Applied Innovation, Inc. 5800 Innova ti on D rive Dub lin, Oh i o 43 016-3271 (614) 798 -2000 (800) 247 -9482 FAX (6 14 ) 798 -1770[...]

AI2524 Router Card, V ersion 1.00 Release Notes August 1997 Page 0 RN194 Copyright © C op yr ight 1983-1 997 A pplie d Inn ovation Incor porated (AII). The materi al discussed in this ma nu al is the propriet ary pro perty of AII a nd AII ret ains all ri ghts to reproduct ion an d dist ribution of this document . AISwit ch, AISwitc h Series 1 80 a[...]

August 1997 AI2524 Router Card, Version 1.00 Release Notes R N194 Page 1 AISwitch Release Notes AI25 24, Versi o n 1.00 Router Card August 1997 New Featu res The se re lease no tes document new or enha nced f eatures and com mands, u pgrade instructi ons, an d problem r esolutions for the AI2524 Router c ard. z IS DN/ B RI Inf erfac e Instr u ct io[...]

AI2524 Router Card, V ersion 1.00 Release Notes August 1997 Page 2 RN194 ISDN/BRI In ferf ace The AI2524 I SDN/BRI module pro vides th e digitaliz ation of t ele- pho ne ne twork so that vo ice, dat a, text, graphi cs, music , video, and othe r sourc e mater ial can be provided to en d user s from a single end- user termina l ov er ex istin g tel e[...]

August 1997 AI2524 Router Card, Version 1.00 Release Notes R N194 Page 3 Configu ring IS DN If you ha ve a n ISDN B RI WAN mo du le, con fi gure the BR I port for ISDN. This section explains typ ical ISDN conf igurati ons for one or two B chann els. In the exa mples, t he BRI po rt is co nfigured for IP rout ing and Point-t o-Point Pro tocol (PPP )[...]

AI2524 Router Card, V ersion 1.00 Release Notes August 1997 Page 4 RN194 5. Some I SDN sw i tch t ypes, such as B asic NI1 or DMS-100 s witch se r vic e, r eq ui re y ou to co nf igure a serv ic e p ro fi le i de nt ifie (SPID) . Enter the SPID infor mation subs tituti ng the appr opriat entri es f or your i n st al lat ion: Router (co nfig-if) # i[...]

Appendix B: Acrony ms August 19 97 Pa ge B-1 2524UM Appendix B: Acronyms Acronym Defini tion AAA Authenticatio n, Authorization, and Accounting AMI Alternate Mark Inversion ANSI Amer i can National Stand ards Institute APPN Advanced Peer-to-Peer N etworking ARA AppleT alk Re mote Acc es s Pro tocol ARP Address Resolution Protocol ARP A Advanced Res[...]

AI2524 Router Card User’s Manual Page B-2 Au gus t 1997 2524UM CIP Channel Interface Protocol CIR Committed Information Rate CLI Command Line Interface CLNS Connectionless Network Services CMNS Connection-Mode Network Service CMNS Connection Mode Network Services CP Control Point CPU C entr al Processor Unit CSLI P Compr essed Serial Line Interne[...]

Appendix B: Acrony ms August 19 97 Pa ge B-3 2524UM DTE Data T erminal Equipment EGP Exterior Gateway Protocol ESF Extended Supe r frame FDDI Fiber Distributed Data Interface FIFO Firs t-In First-Out FRM R Frame R e ject Frame HDLC High-level Link Control HDLC High-Level Data Lin k Control HSRP Hot Standby Router Protocol HSSI High-Speed Serial Int[...]

AI2524 Router Card User’s Manual Page B-4 Au gus t 1997 2524UM LAP B Link Access Proce dure Balanced LAP B Link Access Proce dure Balanced LAPF L ink Access Proce dure for Fram e Relay LA T Local-A rea Transport LC Logic Channel LCI Logic Channel Identi fier LEN Low- Entry Networking Level1 Station Router Level Level2 Area Route r Level LLC 2 Log[...]

Appendix B: Acrony ms August 19 97 Pa ge B-5 2524UM NCIA Native Client Interface Architecture NET Network Entity T itles NETID Ne twork Identif ier NLSP Netware Li nk Services Protocol NMP Network Processor Module NNI Network-to -Ne twork Interface NSAP Ne twork Serv ice Acc ess Po int NVRAM Nonvolatile Random Access Memory OSI Open System Intercon[...]

AI2524 Router Card User’s Manual Page B-6 Au gus t 1997 2524UM RIP Routing Information Protocol ROM Read Only M emory RPOA R ecognized Private Operation Agency RSRB R emote Source-Route Bridging R TMP Routing T able Maintenance Protocol SAP Service Access Point SDL C Synchronous Data Link Control SF Superframe SGBP Stock Group B idding SLIP Seria[...]

Appendix B: Acrony ms August 19 97 Pa ge B-7 2524UM UDP User Datagram Protocol UP Usage Parameter URL Universal Re source Locator VCN V irtual C ir cuit Nember VPDN V irtual Pr ivate Dial-up Network VTY V irtual T erminal WA N W ide Ar ea Network XNS Xerox Network Systems XOT X.25 Over T C P[...]

AI2524 Router Card User’s Manual Page B-8 Au gus t 1997 2524UM[...]