Cabletron Systems CSX200 manuale d’uso

Title Page CSX200 and CSX400 User’ s Guide[...]

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i Notice Cabletron Systems r eserves the right to make changes in speciÞcations and other information contained in this document without prior notice. The reader should in all cases consult Cabletr on Systems to determine whether any such changes have been made. The hardwar e, Þrmware, or softwar e described in this manual is subject to change wi[...]

ii AppleT alk, Apple, Macintosh, and T okenT alk are r egistered trademarks; and Apple Remote Access and EtherT alk are trademarks of Apple Computer , Inc. SmartBoost is a trademark of American Power Conversion ST is a register ed trademark and C++ is a trademark of A T&T Banyan and VINES are r egistered trademarks of Banyan Systems, Inc. cisco[...]

iii ANNEX, ANNEX-II, ANNEX-IIe, ANNEX-3, ANNEX-802.5, MICRO-ANNEX-XL, and MICRO- ANNEX-ELS are trademarks of Xylogics, Inc. MAXserver and Xyplex are trademarks of Xyplex, Inc. Restricted Rights Notice (Applicable to licenses to the United States Government only .) 1. Use, duplication, or disclosure by the Government is subject to r estrictions as s[...]

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v Contents Chapter 1 Intr oduction HSIM-W6 and HSIM-W84 ........................................................................................... 1-2 Using the CSX 200 and CSX400 User Õs Guide .......................................................... 1-2 Related Manuals ...........................................................................[...]

Contents vi W AN Logical V iew W indow Fields ..................................................................... 3-6 Changing W AN Logical Settings ......................................................................... 3-6 Chapter 4 Bridging Bridging Basics ......................................................................................[...]

vii Contents Changing Path Cost ...................................................................................... 4-42 Filtering Database ....................................................................................................... 4-42 Filtering Database W indow Fields ................................................................[...]

Contents viii T oken Ring Physical Status Fields .............................................................. 4-87 Using the Interface ConÞguration W indow ............................................................ 4-89 DeÞning the Bridge Method ............................................................................... 4-90 Setting the B[...]

1-1 Chapter 1 Intr oduction How to use this guide; related guides; software con ventions; getting help; CSX200 and CSX400 fir mw are versions W elcome to the Cabletron SystemsÕ SPECTRUM Element Manager for the CSX200 and CSX400 User Õs Guide . W e have designed this guide to serve as a simple refer ence for using SPECTRUM Element Manager for the[...]

Introduction 1-2 HSIM-W6 and HSIM-W84 simultaneous communication, or the pair can be conÞgured to pr ovide redundant channels if desired. Connectivity is available for Point to Point Pr otocol (PPP), as well as Frame Relay and leased lines. HSIM-W6 and HSIM-W84 The HSIM-W6 and HSIM-W84 are W ide Ar ea Networking HSIMs (High Speed Interface Modules[...]

Related Manuals 1-3 Introduction primary window menus, consult the SPECTRUM Element Manager User Õ s Guide and the SPECTRUM Element Manager T ools Guide . Following is a description of the applications covered in this guide. While we provide as much backgr ound information as we can, we do assume that youÕre familiar with Ethernet, Frame Relay , [...]

Introduction 1-4 Software Con v entions For more information about the capabilities of the CSX200 and CSX400 management modules, consult the appropriate har dware documentation. Software Con ventions SPECTRUM Element Manager Õs device user interface contains a number of elements which are common to most windows and which operate the same regar dle[...]

Software Con v entions 1-5 Introduction IP Address Displays the deviceÕs IP (Internet Pr otocol) Address; this will be the IP address used to deÞne the device icon. The IP addr ess is assigned via Local Management to the CSXÕs internal Host interface; it cannot be changed via SPECTRUM Element Manager . Location Displays the user-deÞned location[...]

Introduction 1-6 Software Con v entions Instructions to perform a mouse operation include the following terms: ¥ Pointing means to position the mouse cursor over an area without pr essing either mouse button. ¥ Clicking means to position the mouse pointer over the indicated target, then press and r elease the appropriate mouse button. This is mos[...]

Getting Help 1-7 Introduction Getting Help This section describes two differ ent methods of getting help for questions or concerns you may have while using SPECTRUM Element Manager . Using On-line Help Y ou can use the buttons to obtain information speciÞc to a particular window . When you click on a Help button, a window will appear which contain[...]

Introduction 1-8 CSX200 and CSX400 Fir mw are For additional information about Cabletron Systems pr oducts, visit our W orld W ide W eb site: http://www .cabletron.com/ . For technical support, select Service and Support . CSX200 and CSX400 Firmware SPECTRUM Element Manager support for the CSX200 has been tested against Þrmware version 1.02.06. Th[...]

2-1 Chapter 2 CSX200 and 400 Chassis Vie w Inf or mation displa yed in the Chassis View window; the Chassis Manager window; Hub management functions The CSX200/400 Chassis V iew window is the main screen that immediately informs you of the current condition of individual ports on your switch via a graphical display . The Chassis V iew window also s[...]

CSX200 and 400 Chassis View 2-2 Viewing Chassis Inf or mation Vie wing Chassis Inf ormation The desired CSX200/400 Chassis V iew window ( Figure 2-1 ) provides a graphical repr esentation of the device, including a color-coded port display which immediately informs you of the current conÞguration and status of the switch and its ports. Figure 2-1.[...]

Viewing Chassis Inf or mation 2-3 CSX200 and 400 Chassis View Fr ont P anel Inf ormation The areas surr ounding the main chassis area pr ovide the following device information: IP The Internet Protocol addr ess assigned to the CSX appears in the title bar of the Chassis V iew window . IP addresses ar e assigned via Local Management. Connection Stat[...]

CSX200 and 400 Chassis View 2-4 Viewing Chassis Inf or mation Time The current time, in a 24-hour hh:mm:ss format, set in the CSX200/400Õs internal clock. Date The current date, in an mm/dd/yy format, set in the CSX200/400Õs internal clock. Menu Structure By clicking on various areas of the CSX200/400 Chassis V iew display , you can access menus [...]

Viewing Chassis Inf or mation 2-5 CSX200 and 400 Chassis View The Device Men u From the Device Menu at the Chassis V iew window menu bar , you can access the following selections: ¥ Device T ype... , which displays a window containing a description of the device being modeled: CSX200/400 - CyberSWITCH. ¥ Edit Device T ime / Edit Device Date... , [...]

CSX200 and 400 Chassis View 2-6 Viewing Chassis Inf or mation ¥ I/F Speed will display the speed (10 or 100 Mbits/sec) of the network segment attached to each port. The speed of the network management port will be displayed in Kbits/sec. ¥ I/F T ype will display the interface type of each port in the CSX200/400 Ñ i.e., Eth (ethernet-csmacd) for [...]

Viewing Chassis Inf or mation 2-7 CSX200 and 400 Chassis View ¥ Connection T ype... opens a window displaying a description of the connection type of the selected bridge interface. This description is comprised of text based on the ctIfConnectionT ype MIB. ¥ Description... , which brings up a window describing the selected port; see V iewing the [...]

CSX200 and 400 Chassis View 2-8 Viewing Chassis Inf or mation ¥ Bridge Ñ FWD, DIS, LRN, LIS, BLK, BRK, or UNK ¥ Bridge Mapping Ñ bridge interface index numbers ¥ Admin Ñ ON or OFF ¥ Operator Ñ ON or OFF If you have selected the Bridge status mode, a port is considered: ¥ FWD (Forwarding) if the port is on-line and forwar ding packets acros[...]

Viewing Chassis Inf or mation 2-9 CSX200 and 400 Chassis View connected to the port compared to the theor etical maximum load (10 or 100 Mbits/sec) of an Ethernet network. Error s If you choose the Errors mode, the interface boxes will display the percentage of the total number of valid packets processed by each port during the last polling interva[...]

CSX200 and 400 Chassis View 2-10 Viewing Chassis Inf or mation example, CSX200/400 bridging information is organized into its own component. Note, too, that there is no one-to-one corr espondence between MIBs and MIB components. A single MIB component might contain objects from several differ ent proprietary MIBs and RFCs. The Chassis Manager windo[...]

Managing the De vice 2-11 CSX200 and 400 Chassis View Figure 2-4. Device T ype W indows Viewing the P or t Description Choosing the Description... option on the individual port interface menus brings up a window that describes the interface you have selected. This description is based on a value returned by the ifDescr MIB. T wo possibilities for a[...]

CSX200 and 400 Chassis View 2-12 Managing the De vice Management for the CSX200/400 through SPEL Õs Chassis V iew is comprised of source addr ess location, viewing interface statistics, and enabling and disabling ports. Using the Find Sour ce Address Feature Y ou can select the Find Source Address option to discover which bridging interface a spec[...]

Managing the De vice 2-13 CSX200 and 400 Chassis View window also provides access to a detailed statistics window that br eaks down T ransmit and Receive trafÞc for each interface. T o access the I/F Summary window: 1. F rom the Module View , click on the Device option from the men u bar . 2. Click again to select I/F Summary , and release. The I/[...]

CSX200 and 400 Chassis View 2-14 Managing the De vice Physical Status Displays the current physical status Ñ or operational state Ñ of the interface: Online or Ofßine . Logical Status Displays the current logical status Ñ or administrative state Ñ of the interface: Up or Down . Interface P erformance Statistics/Bar Graphs The statistical value[...]

Managing the De vice 2-15 CSX200 and 400 Chassis View In Errors Packets received by the device interface that contained errors that pr evented them from being deliver ed to a higher-layer pr otocol. In Unknown Packets received by the device interface that wer e discarded because of an unknown or unsupported protocol. Out Octets Octets transmitted b[...]

CSX200 and 400 Chassis View 2-16 Managing the De vice Viewing Interface Detail The Interface Statistics window ( Figure 2-8 ) pr ovides detailed MIB-II interface statistical information Ñ including counts for both transmit and receive packets, and error and buf fering information Ñ for each individual port interface. Color- coded pie charts also [...]

Managing the De vice 2-17 CSX200 and 400 Chassis View Address Displays the MAC (physical) address of the selected interface. T ype Displays the interface type of the selected port: ethernet-csmacd, sdlc, or other . The lower portion of the window provides the following transmit and r eceive statistics (the Þrst four statistics are also graphically[...]

CSX200 and 400 Chassis View 2-18 Managing the De vice P ackets T ransmitted (T ransmit only) Displays the number of packets transmitted by this interface. Making Sense of Detail Statistics The statistics available in this window can give you an idea of how an interface is performing; by using the statistics in a few simple calculations, itÕs also [...]

Managing the De vice 2-19 CSX200 and 400 Chassis View 1. Click on the desired P or t inde x. The P or t menu will appear . 2. Click on Enab le to enable the port, or Disable to disable the por t. Y our por t will now be enab led or disabled as desired. NO TE For more information about bridging functions and how to determine the curr ent state of ea[...]

CSX200 and 400 Chassis View 2-20 Managing the De vice[...]

3-1 Chapter 3 CSX200 and CSX400 W AN Configuration Ph ysical CSX de vice information; CSX WPIMs; the W AN Logical View windo w The CSX200 devices have one W AN interface, a Cabletron W ide Ar ea Port Interface Module (WPIM) installed at the factory . The CSX400 has two swappable W AN interfaces, which can currently consist of any combination of Ca[...]

CSX200 and CSX400 W AN Configuration 3-2 About the CSX400 pair cable, along with a WPIM slot to provide one W AN interface. The model number depends on the type of W ide Area Networking interface installed: CSX201 Provides a T1/E1 W ide Ar ea uplink CSX202 Provides a Serial interface (V .35, X.21, RS449, RS232. or RS530) CSX203 Provides a DDS W AN[...]

CSX WPIMs 3-3 CSX200 and CSX400 W AN Configuration as the backup. If the primary link should fail for some reason, the other W AN interface will take over as the wide area link until the primary is r estored. When a WPIM-S/T is installed as the backup interface, that connection will activate and provide an ISDN connection to the wide ar ea network[...]

CSX200 and CSX400 W AN Configuration 3-4 CSX WPIMs Multiplexing (TDM) allows for the channelization of up to 31 links of a single physical interface. (CSX201) WPIM-HDSL This WPIM is designed for campus environments and provides a connection for sending LAN traf Þc over existing telephone lines at rates up to 1.544Mbps. It can communicate reliably[...]

W AN Logical View 3-5 CSX200 and CSX400 W AN Configuration For more information on these WPIMs, consult the appr opriate hardwar e documentation or your QuickSET documentation. W AN Logical Vie w The W AN Logical V iew window displays information about the interfaces that are part of your physical port. The windows ar e identical for the T1 and th[...]

CSX200 and CSX400 W AN Configuration 3-6 W AN Logical View W AN Logical View Windo w Fields IF Displays the interface index; a unique value for each interface that this device connects to. Protocol Displays the active Link Layer protocol. This Þeld displays PPP (Point to Point), Frame Relay , or Other . Compression Indicates whether data compress[...]

W AN Logical View 3-7 CSX200 and CSX400 W AN Configuration Figure 3-2. W AN Logical Settings W indow 2. Click on the Protocol b utton to select PPP , Frame Rela y , or None . LEX (LAN Extender) ma y also appear in the Protocol menu, but it is not applicab le to a CSX de vice. 3. After making your changes , click on OK to e xit the window and sav e[...]

CSX200 and CSX400 W AN Configuration 3-8 W AN Logical View[...]

4-1 Chapter 4 Bridging A brief explanation of bridging methods; viewing and managing bridging interfaces; using the Br idge Status window; enabling and disab ling br idging; viewing bridge statistics; using Spanning T ree; using the Filtering Database; using the Source Route Configuration windo w; using the Find Source Address f eature; using the [...]

Bridging 4-2 Bridging Basics About T ransparent Bridging T ransparent bridges ar e most common in Ethernet networks. Individual T ransparent bridges monitor packet traf Þc on attached network segments to learn where end stations r eside in relation to each segment by mapping the Sour ce Address of each r eceived frame to the port (and segment) it [...]

Bridging Basics 4-3 Bridging If the sending station does not receive a r esponse to the test packet, it will send explorer packets to the destination; the explor er packets will be propagated by the networkÕs bridges as either All Paths Explorer (APE) packets or as Spanning T r ee Explorer (STE) packets. The task of both packet types is to get the[...]

Bridging 4-4 Bridging Basics About Sour ce Route-T ransparent Bridges Because network topologies have developed in which bridges must be able to handle network trafÞc fr om end stations which support source r outing and others which do not, a hybrid type of bridgeÑSource Route-T ranspar ent (SR T)Ñcombines elements of both bridging methods. An e[...]

Bridging Basics 4-5 Bridging For data that is restricted to the T oken Ring networks available fr om the SR-TB bridgeÕs front panel, the bridging method used is user -conÞgurable via local management to be Source Route-only (bridged packets must include RIF information and will be source r outed; no transparent bridging is enabled), Source Route-[...]

Bridging 4-6 Viewing and Managing Bridging Interf aces Vie wing and Managing Bridging Interfaces W ith SPECTRUM Element Manager , you can view and manage each bridging interface supported by your device, including any installed interface modules, such as BRIMs (Bridge/Router Interface Modules) and HSIMs (High Speed Interface Modules). Y ou can mana[...]

Viewing and Managing Bridging Interf aces 4-7 Bridging ¥ The SmartT runk option invokes the SmartT runk ConÞguration and Status window , which enables you to group interfaces logically to achieve gr eater bandwidth between devices, if both devices support the SmartT runk feature. There is no limit to the number of ports that can be included in a [...]

Bridging 4-8 The Bridge Status Window The Bridge Status Window The Bridge Status window provides you with basic information about the curr ent status of bridging across your device. Color -coding of each port display allows you to quickly ascertain the status of each interface. The Bridge Status window also lets you access further windows to contro[...]

The Bridge Status Window 4-9 Bridging Figure 4-1. The Bridge Status W indow Up Time At the top of the Bridge Status window , you can see the time period (in a days, hours, minutes, seconds format) that has elapsed since the device was last reset or initialized. Bridge State on Interface Indicates the state of bridging over the port interface. Possi[...]

Bridging 4-10 The Bridge Status Window ¥ Blocking (orange)ÑThe port is on-line, but Þltering trafÞc fr om going across the bridge from one network segment to another . Bridge topology information will be forwarded by the port. Interface T ype Indicates the interface type which applies to each device bridging port interface (e.g., ethernet). The[...]

The Bridge Status Window 4-11 Bridging ¥ The Ethernet Special Filter DatabaseÉ window lets you conÞgure a special Þltering scheme at your bridge. W ith this scheme, you can enter Þlter parameters for a frame based on the contents of its source or destination address Þeld, type Þeld, or data Þeld (with of fset)Ñthen specify the bridging act[...]

Bridging 4-12 The Bridge Status Window ¥ The PPP Link StatusÉ option invokes the PPP Link Statistics W indow , which enables you to view color-coded statistics r elated to the PPP (Point-to-Point Protocol) link at the selected interface (see The PPP Link Statistics W indow , page 4-26 ). ¥ The Source Route StatisticsÉ option opens a window that[...]

The Bridge Status Window 4-13 Bridging to the Statistics chapter in the SPECTRUM Element Manager Remote Monitoring (RMON) User Õs Guide , and/or the appr opriate device-speciÞc User Õs Guide . ¥ The RMON Alarm ConÞgurationÉ invokes the Basic Alarm ConÞguration window that enables you to create alarms or actions at a speciÞc bridge interface[...]

Bridging 4-14 Enabling and Disab ling Br idging ¥ The Sonet/SDH ConÞgurationÉ window enables you to determine whether any installed FE-100Sx Fast Ethernet Port Interface Modules or APIM-2x A TM Port Interface Modules, both of which provide dir ect access to SONET (Synchronous Optical Network) networks, will operate accor ding to SONET or SDH (Sy[...]

Bridge Statistics 4-15 Bridging from the Chassis View windo w: 1. Click on the appropriate por t inde x to access the P or t menu. 2. Drag do wn to Enab le to restar t bridging on the selected interface, or Disab le to halt bridging across the selected interface . Enabling and Disab ling All Installed Interfaces Similarly , ther e are two ways to d[...]

Bridging 4-16 Bridge Statistics At the device level, a Detail button on the window allows you to compare the packets forwarded, Þlter ed, or transmitted on all networks supported by the device, as well as errors on all networks. For a selected bridged network, the Detail button allows you to view the number of packets forwarded to, or r eceived fr[...]

Bridge Statistics 4-17 Bridging Figure 4-2. Bridge Performance Graph Bridge Perf ormance Graph Window Fields Y ou can select the following statistics to display in the Bridge Performance Graph or Bridge Port Performance Graph. Statistics are pr ovided numerically (as an average or peak value) and graphically . The device is polled for the graphed i[...]

Bridging 4-18 Bridge Statistics Error s (Red) T otal Errors The total number of errors that all bridging interfaces on the device, or an individual bridge interface, has experienced during bridging. Nothing The Errors scale is curr ently not measuring any type of error packets coming thr ough the device or port. Xmitted (Blue) Xmitted The total num[...]

Bridge Statistics 4-19 Bridging T o access this window from the Bridge performance graph, click on . The Bridge Detail Breakdown window , Figur e 4-3 , will appear . Figure 4-3. The Bridge Detail Breakdown W indow The following information is available for the network segments connected to each of the bridge ports on the device, and any installed B[...]

Bridging 4-20 Bridge Statistics Xmitted The total number of frames transmitted over each portÕs network segment, as read fr om the device after each poll interval. The Bridge P or t Detail Breakdo wn Window For the selected bridge interface, the Bridge Port Detail Breakdown window allows you to view the number of packets forwarded to or r eceived [...]

Bridge Statistics 4-21 Bridging The Interface Statistics Windo w Y ou can use the interface Statistics window to view color-coded statistical information for each individual bridge port on your device. Statistics are provided for both transmit and r eceive packets at each port, as well as error and buffering information. Color-coded pie charts in t[...]

Bridging 4-22 Bridge Statistics Statistics Window Fields The following informational and statistics Þelds appear in the interface Statistics window . Three informational Þelds appear in the upper portion of the window: Description Describes the interface description for the currently selected port. Address Displays the MAC (physical) address of t[...]

Bridge Statistics 4-23 Bridging Unknown Pr otocol Displays the number of packets received which wer e discarded because of an unknown or unsupported protocol. The device bridge interface will discar d the packet and increment this counter if it canÕt r ecognize the packet. P ackets Received Displays the number of packets received by this interface[...]

Bridging 4-24 Bridge Statistics Figure 4-6. CSMACD Statistics W indow Each of the receive, transmission, and collision err ors are described in detail below . Receive Error s Alignment The number of frames received on a particular interface that contain a nonintegral number of bytes (color-coded gr een). Misaligned packets can result fr om a MAC la[...]

Bridge Statistics 4-25 Bridging SQE T est Displays the number of times that the SQE T est Error message is generated by the PLS sublayer on the selected interface. The SQE (Signal Quality Error) T est tests the collision detect cir cuitry after each transmission. If the SQE T est fails, a SQE T est Error is sent to the interface to indicate that th[...]

Bridging 4-26 Bridge Statistics Collision Error s Single Displays the number of successfully transmitted frames on the selected interface for which transmission was prevented by one collision. Multiple Displays the number of successfully transmitted frames on the selected interface for which transmission was prevented by more than one collision. La[...]

Bridge Statistics 4-27 Bridging Figure 4-7. PPP Link Statistics W indow Each of the errors and statistics r elated to the PPP Link at the selected bridging interface is described in detail below . Error s Bad Addresses The Bad Addresses Þeld displays the number of packets r eceived with an incorrect Addr ess Þeld. Bad Controls The Bad Controls Þ[...]

Bridging 4-28 Bridge Statistics Bad FCSs The Bad FCSs Þeld displays the number of received packets that wer e discarded due to having an incorrect FCS (Frame Check Sequence) value. T otal Errors The T otal Errors Þeld displays the total number of err ors of all types: Bad Addresses, Bad Contr ols, Packets T oo Long, and Bad FCSs. Statistics Local[...]

Bridge Statistics 4-29 Bridging Local to Remote Protocol Compression The Local to Remote Protocol Compr ession Þeld determines whether or not the local PPP entity uses Pr otocol Compression when transmitting packets to the remote PPP entity . Remote to Local Protocol Compression The Remote to Local Protocol Compr ession Þeld determines whether or[...]

Bridging 4-30 Bridge Statistics from the Chassis View windo w: 1. Click on the appropriate por t inde x to access the P or t menu. 2. Drag down to select Dot5 Error s… . The de vice por t Dot5 Errors Statistics window , Figure 4-8 , will appear . Figure 4-8. Dot5 Errors Statistics W indow Each type of IETF 802.5 error detected by the selected sta[...]

Bridge Statistics 4-31 Bridging A. C. Err ors The A. C. Errors Þeld displays the number of A. C. errors detected by the selected port. These errors count pr otocol data units (PDUs) that contain errors in the A or C bits. Abort Sequences The Abort Sequences Þeld displays the number of abort sequences transmitted by the selected port. Internal Err[...]

Bridging 4-32 Bridge Statistics T ransmit Beacons The T ransmit Beacons Þeld displays the number of beacon frames transmitted by the selected station. Recoveries The Recoveries Þeld displays the number of frames the ring has been purged and recover ed into a normal operating state. Lobe Wires The Lobe W ires Þeld displays the number of open or s[...]

Bridge Statistics 4-33 Bridging Figure 4-9. The Bridge Source Routing W indow Bridge Source Routing Window Fields The Bridge Source Routing window pr ovides basic statistics for source r outed trafÞc passing between the bridging ports. Pie charts graphically br eak down the statistical information. The following frame types are pr ovided for frame[...]

Bridging 4-34 Bridge Statistics When a sending station needs to determine the best route to an intended destination, it transmits an All Paths Explorer (APE) frame. The APE frame contains no routing information; it is pr opagated along all available paths to the destination station, which then directs a r eply back to the source. The Þrst r eply r[...]

Bridge Spanning T ree 4-35 Bridging Hop Cnt. Exceeded Displays the number of All Paths Explorer frames discar ded at the speciÞed port because they exceeded the number of routing descriptors (bridge hops) speciÞed by the Hop Count Limit. Bridge Spanning T ree The Bridge Spanning T ree window allows you to display and modify the deviceÕs bridge p[...]

Bridging 4-36 Bridge Spanning T ree Figure 4-10. Bridge Spanning T ree W indow Configuring the Bridge Spanning T ree Windo w The Bridge Spanning T ree window displays ST A parameters and allows you to alter parameters for the device bridge as a whole, and for each individual bridging interface. The currently selected bridging interface is highligh[...]

Bridge Spanning T ree 4-37 Bridging Root Bridge Displays the MAC address of the bridge that is curr ently functioning as the Root Bridge. Root Cost Indicates the cost of the data path from this bridge to the Root Bridge. Each port on each bridge adds a ÒcostÓ to a particular path that a frame must travel. For example, if each port in a particular[...]

Bridging 4-38 Bridge Spanning T ree Hello Time This parameter indicates, in seconds, the length of time the Root Bridge (or bridge attempting to become the Root) waits before r esending ConÞguration BPDUs. The range for this Þeld is 1 to 10 seconds, with a default value of 2 seconds. The Root Bridge sets the Hello T ime. Max Age This parameter di[...]

Bridge Spanning T ree 4-39 Bridging A lower assigned value gives the port a higher Priority when BPDUs are compared. The allowable range is 0ÑFF hexadecimal (0Ñ255 decimal); the default is 80 hexadecimal. P ath Cost Displays the cost that this port will contribute to the calculation of the overall Root path cost in a ConÞguration BPDU transmitte[...]

Bridging 4-40 Bridge Spanning T ree Changing Bridge Spanning T ree P arameters The Bridge Spanning T ree window allows you to update the following parameters for your device bridge. When you have Þnished making changes to the following individual parameters, you must click on at the bottom of the Spanning T ree window to write the changes to the d[...]

Bridge Spanning T ree 4-41 Bridging Changing Hello Time If the bridge is the Root Bridge, or is attempting to become the Root, and you want to change the length of time the bridge waits between sending conÞguration BPDUs: 1. Highlight the Hello Time field, and type in a new value . 2. Click on . The IEEE 802.1d speciÞcation recommends that Hello[...]

Bridging 4-42 Filtering Database Changing P or t Priority T o change the part of the Port Priority used in priority comparisons: 1. If necessar y , select the desired por t b y clicking the mouse to highlight the port in the low er r ight quadrant of the windo w . The lower left quadrant of the window will no w allow y ou to edit parameters f or th[...]

Filtering Database 4-43 Bridging The Filtering Database consists of two separate databases: the Static and the Learned Databases. The Static Database contains addresses that ar e entered by a network administrator . Y ou add these addresses dir ectly to the database while the bridge is powered up, or to the deviceÕs battery-backed RAM so that they[...]

Bridging 4-44 Filtering Database A scrollable Address Entry panel allows you to: ¥ V iew the address entries in the Filtering Database. ¥ Alter an entryÕs type (e.g., from Learned to Permanent, Dynamic, or Static). ¥ V iew and conÞgure the bridging action taking place on the packets entering each of the bridging ports. In addition, you can use[...]

Filtering Database 4-45 Bridging Figure 4-1 1. The Filtering Database W indow Filtering Database Windo w Fields The following Þelds are listed in the top portion of the Filtering Database window . List The List checkboxes indicate whether the associated entry type (Permanent, Static, Dynamic, or Learned) will be displayed in the scrollable table o[...]

Bridging 4-46 Filtering Database Aging Time Indicates the length of time, in seconds, that Dynamic and Learned Addresses in the Source Address T able are allowed to r emain inactive before they are dr opped from the database. The allowable time range for these entries is 10 to 1,000,000 seconds. Aging time is not applicable to Static or Permanent e[...]

Filtering Database 4-47 Bridging ¥ Changing the Receive port for the Þlter . ¥ Changing the Port Filtering action at each bridge port. ¥ Adding or deleting individual Filtering Database entries. ¥ Clearing all Permanent, Static, or Dynamic entries from the Filtering Database. Note that although conÞguration changes will appear in the window ,[...]

Bridging 4-48 Filtering Database Changing the Receive P or t Y ou can change the Receive port of an address entry in the scr ollable panel, so that a frame must be received at the speciÞed port for the Þltering action to apply . T o do so, click on the Receive port in the panel. W ith each click, the Receive port will cycle to the next port (e.g.[...]

Ether net and T oken Ring Special Filter Databases 4-49 Bridging T o delete an address: 1. Click to highlight the address entry in the Address Entr y panel that you wish to delete from the filtering database. 2. Click on . Clearing All P ermanent, Static, or Dynamic Entries T o erase all Permanent, Static, or Dynamic entries from the Filtering Dat[...]

Bridging 4-50 Ethernet and T ok en Ring Special Filter Databases Filters provide br oad conÞguration ßexibility . For example, you can deÞne multiple scenarios for a single Þlter by specifying differ ent combinations of receive port/destination port. Y ou can use wildcard characters in Þlter Þelds to force a match with particular bits of the [...]

Ether net and T oken Ring Special Filter Databases 4-51 Bridging Figure 4-13. Ethernet Special Filter Database W indow T oken Ring Special Filter Database Window At the T oken Ring Special Filter Database window , Figure 4-14 , you can view a list of the special Þlters for the selected bridge. There ar e 19 available Þlters in the T oken Ring Spe[...]

Bridging 4-52 Ethernet and T ok en Ring Special Filter Databases from the Chassis View windo w: 1. Click on the Boar d Index of the device of interest; the Board menu will appear . 2. Drag down to select T oken Ring Special Filter Database… . The T oken Ring Special Filter Database window , Figure 4-14 , will appear . Figure 4-14. T oken Ring Spe[...]

Ether net and T oken Ring Special Filter Databases 4-53 Bridging Data T ype Displays the hexadecimal two-byte Þeld for the Þlter which can be used to mask out a speciÞed protocol type Þeld. Examples of pr otocol type are: ¥ 0800 = IP ¥ 8137 = Novell ¥ 0bad = Banyan ¥ 80f3 = AppletalkARP Data Offset Indicates the offset (in bytes, fr om the [...]

Bridging 4-54 Ethernet and T ok en Ring Special Filter Databases 2. Click . The Special Database Filter window , Figure 4-15 , will appear with the f ollowing fields: • Destination Address (six-byte he xadecimal field) • Source Address (six-byte he xadecimal field) • T ype (tw o-byte he xadecimal field) • Data Offset (decimal field) ?[...]

Ether net and T oken Ring Special Filter Databases 4-55 Bridging 6. Click on to sav e the changes you hav e made and exit the Special Database Filter window . Changing the Receive P or ts Y ou can set the receive ports in the Special Filter Database window either befor e or after you deÞne a Þlter . These are the ports at which the frame must be [...]

Bridging 4-56 Ethernet and T ok en Ring Special Filter Databases Clearing the P or t Filtering Action When you clear the port Þltering action of a Þlter , all ports that were conÞgured to forwarding or blocking will be r eset to no action. Note that when you clear port Þltering for a Þlter , the Þltering or blocking action will be simultaneou[...]

Source Route Configuration 4-57 Bridging T o open an existing Þle containing a Þlter set: 1. Click on . A menu will appear . 2. Click on Open… . A standard Microsoft Windows Open File window will appear . 3. T o specify the file: • In the File name field, specify the file to open by path and name , or • Use the Look in drop-down list bo[...]

Bridging 4-58 Source Route Configuration Figure 4-16. Source Route ConÞguration W indow Inf ormation on Source Routing Source Routing is a bridging technique developed by IBM and the 802.5 standar ds committee in which a bridge routes frames based on the contents of their media access control frame header , rather than by maintaining a Þltering [...]

Source Route Configuration 4-59 Bridging ¥ When a source r outing bridge processes the explor er frame, it adds a unique identiÞer to the frame in a reserved portion of the frame. This identiÞes the segment the frame was received fr om, followed by the speciÞc bridge, and Þnally the segment it was forwarded onto. ¥ When the discovery frame ([...]

Bridging 4-60 Source Route Configuration Subnet Mask A subnet mask is used by a device to determine whether a destination address exists within its own subnetwork (logical division of the network by router or gateway) and can be reached dir ectly , or whether it is unknown and ther efore must be delivered to a r outer (as speciÞed by the deviceÕ[...]

Source Route Configuration 4-61 Bridging Y ou can use the Set button at the bottom of the window to change the Hop Count for the port, as explained in the section Making and Setting Changes , page 4-63 . The permissible value for this Þeld is 0 to 28. Spanning T ree Expl. This read-only Þeld displays the action curr ently being applied to Spanni[...]

Bridging 4-62 Source Route Configuration Spanning T ree Mode Indicates how a port on the device will behave with an incoming single-route broadcast (Spanning T r ee ExplorerÑSTE) frame. Y ou can conÞgure this Þeld with the radio buttons and checkboxes, or via the MIBT ools utility or local management. This Þeld allows you to conÞgure a Spanni[...]

Using the Find Source Address F eature 4-63 Bridging Making and Setting Changes The Source Route ConÞguration window allows you to af fect changes for the following Source Route Bridging parameters: Bridge Number , Local Segment, T arget Segment, Hop Count Limit, and the deviceÕs Spanning T r ee Mode. T o make a change to Bridge Number , Local Se[...]

Bridging 4-64 The P or t Source Addresses Windo w Figure 4-17. Find Source Address W indow 3. In the te xt field in the middle of the window , enter a v alid MAC address in he xadecimal format and then click OK . If the address is found in the 802.1d Bridge Filtering Database, the port thr ough which the address is communicating will ßash in the [...]

The P or t Source Addresses Windo w 4-65 Bridging Figure 4-18. Port Source Addresses W indow The Port Source Addresses window displays the MAC addr esses of all devices that have transmitted packets that have been forwarded thr ough the selected bridging interface during the last cycle of the Filtering DatabaseÕs deÞned aging timer (learned addre[...]

Bridging 4-66 Duple x Modes Figure 4-19. Device Aging T ime W indow 2. T ype in the new Aging Time, in seconds, then clic k on . The allowab le range is 10 to 1000000 seconds; the def ault is 300 seconds. Duple x Modes Some of the bridge interfaces on a device will support Full Duplex Switched Ethernet (FDSE) mode. Enabling full duplex mode on an i[...]

Duple x Modes 4-67 Bridging The Duplex Modes Window The bridge-level Duplex Modes window allows you to enable and disable full duplex mode capability for each bridging interface on your device. The window lists each interface on the device and whether full duplex is ÒONÓ or ÒOFFÓ for each interface. T o access the Duplex Modes window from the B[...]

Bridging 4-68 Duple x Modes Full Duplex Displays the current state of full duplex on each interface. Possible values for this Þeld are as follows: Connect A Indicates that the interface is connected to MMAC Channel A and does not support full duplex mode (Interface 1 only). Y ou will not be able to change the value of this Þeld from this window .[...]

Duple x Modes 4-69 Bridging Ethernet P or t Configuration Windo w Y ou can also conÞgure duplex modes fr om the Port ConÞguration window . T o access the Port ConÞguration window: from the Bridge Status windo w: 1. Click on the desired Por t button ( ) to displa y the por t menu. 2. Drag down to select Configuration… . The P or t Configurat[...]

Bridging 4-70 F ast Ether net P or t Configuration Y ou set an interface to use standard or full duplex by selecting the appr opriate mode from this window . When you open the Port ConÞguration window the currently used mode appears selected. T o change the mode from standar d to full duplex mode or from full duplex to standard mode, click in the[...]

F ast Ether net P or t Configuration 4-71 Bridging Figure 4-22. Fast Ethernet ConÞguration Port X W indow From this window you can manually set the operational mode of the port, orÑfor 100Base-TX interfacesÑset the port to auto-negotiation so that the appropriate operational mode can be determined automatically . The mode you set will determine[...]

Bridging 4-72 F ast Ether net P or t Configuration Desired Operational Mode Displays the operational mode that you want to conÞgure for this port. The following operational modes are available for each port: FE-100TX Auto-Negotiation, 10Base-T , 10Base-T Full Duplex, 100Base-TX, and 100Base-TX Full Duplex. FE-100FX 100Base-FX and 100Base-FX Full [...]

F ast Ether net P or t Configuration 4-73 Bridging Setting the Desired Operational Mode f or the FE-100TX Y ou can manually set the FE-100TX to use any one of four operational modes. Y ou can also set the port to auto-negotiation, which allows the port to determine for itself the best operational mode using the Advertised Abilities and Remote Capa[...]

Bridging 4-74 SONET P or t Configuration SONET P or t Configuration The FE100-Sx series of Fast Ethernet Port Interface Modules and the APIM-2x series of A TM Port Interface Modules provide SONET (Synchronous Optical Network) access for some of CabletronÕs devices. The FE100-Sx Port Interface Modules and the APIM-2x Port Interface Modules link h[...]

SONET P or t Configuration 4-75 Bridging T able 4-1. SONET/SDH T ransmission Hierarchies Y ou should be sure that the operational mode for both the local and r emote ends of the SONET connection is set appropriately for your r egion. Setting the wrong operational mode may cause errors to be generated during transmission, since there ar e slight di[...]

Bridging 4-76 SONET P or t Configuration T o set the operational mode of the SONET port via the SONET/SDH ConÞguration window: 1. Click in the r adio box adjacent to the appropriate selection, SONET or SDH , to choose the data transmission standard to be used b y the interface . 2. Click on Appl y to set your change at the interf ace, or Cancel t[...]

SONET P or t Configuration 4-77 Bridging These errors can occur in any of the four optical layers of a SONET network, which are (in or der from lowest to highest layer in the hierar chy) the physical Medium, Section, Line, and Path layers. ¥ The Medium layer is the Photonic layer that physically converts electrical signals to optical signals. ¥ [...]

Bridging 4-78 SONET P or t Configuration T o access the SONET/SDH Statistics window from the Bridge Status windo w: 1. Click on the desired Por t button ( ) to displa y the por t menu. 2. Drag down to select SONET/SDH Statistics… . The SONET/SDH Statistics window f or that interface , Figure 4-24 , will appear . from the Chassis View windo w: 1.[...]

SONET P or t Configuration 4-79 Bridging Note also that these indicators simply show which error conditions have been detected during the last 15-minute interval; they do not alter the display of the statistics above. Loss of P ointer SONET uses ÒpointersÓ to compensate for frequency and phase variations as data is being transmitted across the o[...]

Bridging 4-80 SONET P or t Configuration A Loss of Signal may also be detected if the received signal level (e.g., the incoming optical power) falls below a Bit Error Rate (BER) thr eshold of 1 in 10 3 . A BER is the number of coding violations detected in an interval of time (usually one second). A predicted BER of 1 in 10 3 means that during eac[...]

SONET P or t Configuration 4-81 Bridging Coding V iolations are Bit Interleaved Parity (BIP) err ors that are detected in the incoming signal (as described below). Severel y Errored Seconds The number of Severely Err ored Seconds, or Far -End Severely Err ored Seconds, encountered by a SONET/SDH Path in the speciÞed interval. A Severely Err ored [...]

Bridging 4-82 Configuring Broadcast Suppression Configuring Br oadcast Suppression Excessive broadcasts to all ports, or br oadcast storms, can result in sever e network performance problems, and possibly cause the network to crash. Devices which support the broadcast suppr ession feature pr ovide automatic protection against broadcast/multicast [...]

T oken Ring Bridge Mode 4-83 Bridging T o conÞgure a port for br oadcast storm protection: 1. Click to highlight the entry for the port you wish to configure f or automatic broadcast stor m protection. 2. In the T ime on Selected P orts field, enter the desired time period in seconds. Note that a v alue of 0 will disable the threshold alarm. 3. [...]

Bridging 4-84 T oken Ring Bridge Mode Figure 4-26. T oken Ring Bridge Mode W indow Defining the Bridge Modes T ransparent When the bridge is set to T ransparent mode, the bridge will only transmit transparent frames fr om the T oken Ring connection. If a source r oute frame is received by the bridge, the Sour ce Route information in the frame will[...]

Using the Ph ysical View Windows 4-85 Bridging Using the Ph ysical Vie w Windows ETWMIM Ethernet P or t Ph ysical Vie w The Physical V iew allows you to view the physical state of the Ethernet port when you are monitoring an ETWMIM via SPECTRUM Element Manager . T o use the Physical V iew option from the Bridge Status windo w: 1. Click on the Ether[...]

Bridging 4-86 Using the Ph ysical View Windows ¥ If you have opted to use a front panel EPIM for your Ethernet connection, the X will appear in the EPIM checkbox. Y ou cannot change your active port conÞguration from the window . It must be changed physically on the ETWMIM itself. Epim T ype This Þeld will show the type of EPIM you have installe[...]

Using the Ph ysical View Windows 4-87 Bridging from the Chassis View windo w: 1. Click on the T oken Ring bridge por t (P or t 2). The T ok en Ring bridge por t pull-down men u will appear . 2. Drag down to select Physical Vie w… . The ETWMIM T ok en Ring Ph ys(ical) Status window , Figure 4-28 , will appear . Figure 4-28. T oken Ring Port Physic[...]

Bridging 4-88 Using the Ph ysical View Windows FNB State The FNB State section displays, and lets you conÞgure, the state of the backplane FNB connectors on the ETWMIM. The right-hand side of the window displays the current connection conÞguration for the FNB connectors on the ETWMIM, and lets you alter those options by using the appropriate radi[...]

Using the Interf ace Configuration Window 4-89 Bridging Using the Interface Configuration Windo w The I/F ConÞguration port-level menu option invokes the Interface ConÞguration window , which allows you to select a bridging method for a T oken Ring bridging interface. Y ou can also make this selection via the T oken Ring Bridge Mode window; see[...]

Bridging 4-90 Using the Interf ace Configuration Window Figure 4-29. Interface ConÞguration W indow Defining the Bridge Method T ransparent When the bridge is set to T ransparent mode, the bridge will only transmit transparent frames fr om the T oken Ring connection. If a source r oute frame is received by the bridge, the Sour ce Route informati[...]

Using the Interf ace Configuration Window 4-91 Bridging Source Route T ransparent When the bridge is set to Source Route T ranspar ent, the bridge will transmit both transparent and sour ce route frames. The frames r eceived which have source route information will be transmitted as sour ce route, while frames r eceived that are transpar ent will [...]

Bridging 4-92 Using the Bridge and P or t Configuration Windows T o select T ransparent as the transmission method for TCP/IP , IPX, SNA, NetBIOS or Other protocols: 1. Click on the r adio button ne xt to the transmission method you would lik e your T oken Ring bridge por t to use: T ransparent , Source Route , or Auto . 2. Click on Set to apply t[...]

Using the Bridge and P or t Configuration Windows 4-93 Bridging Figure 4-30. Bridge ConÞguration W indow T o access the Port ConÞguration window from the Bridge Status windo w: 1. Click on the desired Por t button ( ) to displa y the por t menu. 2. Drag down to select P ort Configuration… . The P or t Configuration window , Figure 4-31 , wil[...]

Bridging 4-94 Using the Bridge and P or t Configuration Windows Figure 4-31. Port ConÞguration W indow The Bridge ConÞguration and Port ConÞguration window Þelds are deÞned as follows: Bridge Number Displays the number of the T oken Ring bridge. This value is limited to the range of 0 through 15; a value of 65535 signiÞes ther e is no bridge[...]

Using the Bridge and P or t Configuration Windows 4-95 Bridging P or t Mode Displays the two port mode options that are available, Lobe or Station. Novell T ranslation Displays the three bit-or der options that are availableÑEnable LLC (Logical Link Control T ranslation), Enable DLC (Data Link Layer T ranslation), and Disable (No translation will[...]

Bridging 4-96 Configuring Smar tT runking T o set the Novell T ranslation method globally for all bridge interfaces on a device in the Bridge ConÞguration window or for an individual interface in the Port ConÞguration window: 1. Click on the empty r adio button adjacent to one of the three choices in the Nov ell T r anslation field, Enable LLC [...]

Configuring Smar tT runking 4-97 Bridging T o access the SmartT runk ConÞguration and Status window from the Bridge Status windo w: 1. Click on to display the Bridge menu. 2. Drag down to select Smar tT runk… . The Smar tT r unk Configuration and Status window , Figure 4-32 , will appear . from the Chassis View windo w: 1. Click on the Boar d [...]

Bridging 4-98 Configuring Smar tT runking Mode Displays the connection type for each port, either User or Network . User connections do not participate in SmartT runking; Network connections do. At least two ports (from two separate chassis) must be designated as Network connections to participate in SmartT runking. All FNB interfaces must be desi[...]

Configuring Smar tT runking 4-99 Bridging T o enable or disable Load Sharing on an individual bridge port: 1. Click to select the interf ace number under the P or t column in the list box. The interf ace number will then be listed as “X” in the Enable/Disab le P or t # X field. 2. Click on the empty r adio b utton adjacent to one of the tw o [...]

Bridging 4-100 Configuring Smar tT runking[...]

Inde x-1 Index A Accessing Other Management Options Duplex Modes window 4-11 Ethernet Special Filter Database window 4-11 Filtering Database window 4-10 Module Type window 4-10 Performance Graph 4-10 Spanning Tree window 4-10 Active Monitor 4-88 Active Port 4-85 Address 4-22, 4-46 Admin 2-8 Admin/Link 2-8 Ageing T ime 4-46 Altering 4-47 Alarm ConÞ[...]

Inde x Inde x-2 Destination Address 4-52, 4-54 Device Menu 2-5 Device Name 1-4 Device T ype 2-10 disable a bridge port 4-14 Discarded 4-22 Discarded packets 2-17 Dot5 Error Statistics window 4-6 Dot5 Errors window 4-12 Duplex Mode Setting 4-68 Duplex Modes 4-66 Duplex Modes window 4-6, 4-67 Duplex Modes W indow Fields 4-67 Dynamic entries 4-43 E ed[...]

Inde x-3 Inde x Logical Settings 3-7 Logical Status 2-14 Logical V iew 3-5 Loss of Frame 4-80 Loss of Pointer 4-79 Loss of Signal 4-79 M MAC address 1-5, 2-3 Max Age 4-38 Max Age T ime Changing 4-41 menu structur e 2-4 MIB components 2-9 Mode 4-98 mouse usage 1-5 MTU 3-6 Multicast (Non-Unicast) 2-17 N N/A 4-68 Name 4-97 Network design 4-35 New butt[...]

Inde x Inde x-4 SmartT runk ConÞguration and Status window 4-96 SmartT runk State 4-98 SmartT runks 4-98 SONET 4-74 Sonet Statistics window 4-14 SONET/SDH 4-74 Coding Violations 4-81 configuration 4-74 Errored Second 4-80 errors 4-76 Errors indicators 4-78 Loss of Frame 4-80 Loss of Pointer 4-79 Loss of Signal 4-79 optical layers 4-77 Severely Err[...]