Casio fx-85MS manuale d’uso

E http://world.casio.com/edu/ fx-82MS fx-83MS fx-85MS fx-270MS fx-300MS fx-350MS User's Guide[...]

CASIO ELECTRONICS CO., LTD. Unit 6, 1000 North Circular Road, London NW2 7JD, U.K.[...]

E-1 Removing and Replacing the Calculator’ s Cover • Before starting ..... 1 Holding the cover as shown in the illustration, slide the unit out of the cover . •A fter you are finished ..... 2 Holding the cover as shown in the illustration, slide the unit out of the cover . •A lways slide the keyboard end of the unit into the cover first. Ne[...]

E-2 Safety Pr ecautions Be sure to read the following safety precautions before using this calculator . Keep this manual handy for later ref- erence. Caution This symbol is used to indicate information that can result in personal injury or material damage if ignored. Batteries •A fter removing the battery from the calculator , put it in a safe pl[...]

E-3 • The contents of this manual are subject to change with- out notice. •I n no event shall CASIO Computer Co., Ltd. be liable to anyone for special, collateral, incidental, or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the purchase or use of these materials. Moreover , CASIO Computer Co., Ltd. shall not be liable for any clai[...]

E-4 • Never drop the calculator or otherwise subject it to strong impact. • Never twist or bend the calculator . Av oid carrying the calculator in the pocket of your trou- sers or other tight-fitting clothing where it might be sub- jected to twisting or bending. • Never try to take the calculator apart. • Never press the keys of the calcula[...]

E-5 Contents Removing and Replacing the Calculator ’ s Cover .................................. 1 Safety Precautions .................................. 2 Handling Precautions ............................. 3 T wo-line Display ...................................... 7 Before getting started... .......................... 7 k Modes ...................[...]

E-6 k Common and Natural Logarithms/ Antilogarithms ...................................................... 19 k Square Roots, Cube Roots, Roots, Squares, Cubes, Reciprocals, Factorials, Random Numbers, π , and Permutation/Combination ......................... 19 k Angle Unit Conversion ......................................... 20 k Coordinate Conv[...]

E-7 To perform this type of Perform this T o enter calculation: key operation: this mode: Basic arithmetic calculations F 1 COMP Standard deviation F 2 SD Regression calculations F 3 REG T wo-line Display The two-line display makes it possible to view both the calculation formula and its result at the same time. • The upper line shows the calcula[...]

E-8 Note! •T o return the calculation mode and setup to the initial defaults shown below , press A B 2 (Mode) = . Calculation Mode: COMP Angle Unit: Deg Exponential Display Format: Norm 1 Fraction Display Format: a b / c Decimal Point Character: Dot • Mode indicators appear in the upper part of the display . •B e sure to check the current cal[...]

E-9 k Replay Function • Every time you perform a calculation, the replay function stores the calculation formula and its result in replay memory . Pressing the [ key displays the formula and result of the calculation you last performed. Pressing [ again back steps sequentially (new-to-old) through past calculations. •P r e ssing the e or r key [...]

E-10 k Exponential Display Formats This calculator can display up to 10 digits. Larger values are automatically displayed using exponential notation. In the case of decimal values, you can select between two formats that determine at what point exponential notation is used. •T o change the exponential display format, press the F key a number of t[...]

E-11 COMP •P ress the number key ( 1 or 2 ) that corresponds to the setting you want to use. 1 (Dot): Period decimal point, comma separator 2 (Comma): Comma decimal point, period separator k Initializing the Calculator • Perform the following key operation when you want to initialize the calculation mode and setup, and clear re- play memory and[...]

E-12 • Results of calculations that mix fraction and decimal val- ues are always decimal. u Decimal ↔ Fraction Conversion •U se the operation shown below to convert calculation results between decimal values and fraction values. • Note that conversion can take as long as two seconds to perform. 1 2 • Example 4:  1.6  2.1 1 C 2 + 1.6[...]

E-13 u Mixed Fraction ↔ Improper Fraction Conversion • Example: 1 ↔ 1 C 2 C 3 = A B A B 5 3. 00 1 2 3. 00 5 3 2 3 1 2 3. 00 •Y ou can use the display setup (Disp) screen to specify the display format when a fraction calculation result is greater than one. •T o change the fraction display format, press the q key a number of times until you[...]

E-14 • Example 5: To discount the sum of 168, 98, and 734 by 20% (800) 168 + 98 + 734 = g A j 1 p 1 - 20 A v , *A s shown here, if you want to use the current Answer Memory value in a mark up or discount calculation, you need to assign the Answer Memory value into a variable and then use the variable in the mark up/discount calculation. This is b[...]

E-15 k FIX, SCI, RND •T o change the settings for the number of decimal places, the number of significant digits, or the exponential dis- play format, press the F key a number of times until you reach the setup screen shown below . 1 2 3 Fi x S c i N or m •P ress the number key ( 1 , 2 , or 3 ) that corresponds to the setup item you want to cha[...]

E-16 COMP Memory Calculations Use the F key to enter the COMP Mode when you want to perform a calculation using memory . COMP ............................................................. F 1 k Answer Memory •W henever you press = a fter inputting values or an ex- pression, t he calculated result automatically updates Answer Memory contents by st[...]

E-17 COMP • Example: 23  9  32 23 + 9 A j 3 ( M+) 53  6  47 53 , 6 |  ) 45  2  90 45 - 2 A { (T otal) –1 1 0 3 (M+) k V ariables • There are nine variables (A through F , M, X and Y), which can be used to store data, constants, results, and other values. •U se the following operation to delete data assigned to a particu[...]

E-18 k Tr igonometric/Inverse T rigonometric Functions •T o change the default angle unit (degrees, radians, grads), press the F key a number of times until you reach the angle unit setup screen shown below . 1 2 3 De g Rad G ra •P ress the number key ( 1 , 2 , or 3 ) that corresponds to the angle unit you want to use. (90 ° = radians = 100 gr[...]

E-19 k Common and Natural Logarithms/ Antilogarithms • Example 1: log 1.23  0.0899051 1 1 R 1.23 = • Example 2: In 90 (= log e 90) = 4.49980967 T 90 = ln e  1 T p P = • Example 3: e 10  22026.46579 A U 10 = • Example 4: 10 1.5  31.6227766 A Q 1.5 = • Example 5: 2  3  0.125 2 W D 3 = • Example 6: (  2) 4  16 R D 2[...]

E-20 • Example 9: 3 π  9.424777961 3 A x = • Example 10: To determine how many different 4-digit values can be produced using the numbers 1 through 7 • Numbers cannot be duplicated within the same 4-digit value (1234 is allowed, but 1 123 is not). (840) 7 A m 4 = • Example 1 1: To determine how many different 4-mem- ber groups can be or[...]

E-21 SD REG SD • Example 2: To convert rectangular coordinates (1, 3) to polar coordinates ( r ,  ) (Rad) r  2 f 1 P L 3 T = θ  1.047197551 0 o •P r e ss 0 n to display the value of r , or 0 o to dis- play the value of  . k Engineering Notation Calculations • Example 1: To convert 56,088 meters to kilometers → 56.088  10 3 5[...]

E-22 Data Input Precautions • S S inputs the same data twice. •Y ou can also input multiple entries of the same data using A G . T o input the data 1 10 ten times, for example, press 1 10 A G 10 S . •Y ou can perform the above key operations in any order , and not necessarily that shown above. •W hile inputting data or after inputting data [...]

E-23 •Y ou can then edit the displayed data, if you want. Input the new value and then press the = key to replace the old value with the new one. This also means that if you want to perform some other operation (calculation, recall of statistical calculation results, etc.), you should always press the t key first to exit data display . •P ressi[...]

E-24 Regression Calculations Use the F key to enter the REG Mode when you want to perform statistical calculations using regression. REG ................................................................ F 3 •I n the SD Mode and REG Mode, the | key operates as the S key . • Entering the REG Mode displays screens like the ones shown below . •P r[...]

E-25 • The following table shows the key operations you should use to recall results in the case of quadratic regression. To recall this type of value: Perform this key operation: Σ x 2 A U 1 Σ x A U 2 n A U 3 Σ y 2 A U r 1 Σ y A U r 2 Σ xy A U r 3 o A X 1 x σ n A X 2 x σ n -1 A X 3 p A X r 1 y σ n A X r 2 y σ n -1 A X r 3 Regression coe[...]

E-26 • Example: Atmospheric Pressure vs. T emperature Perform linear regression to de- termine the regression formula terms and correlation coefficient for the data nearby . Next, use the regression formula to esti- mate atmospheric pressure at –5 ° C and temperature at 1000 hPa. Finally , calculate the coef fi- cient of determination ( r 2 ) [...]

E-27 u Logarithmic, Exponential, Power , and Inverse Regression •U se the same key operations as linear regression to re- call results for these types of regression. • The following shows the regression formulas for each type of regression. u Quadratic Regression • The regression formula for quadratic regression is: y = A + B x + C x 2 . • [...]

E-28 Data Input Precautions • S S inputs the same data twice. •Y ou can also input multiple entries of the same data using A G . T o input the data “20 and 30” five times, for example, press 20 P 30 A G 5 S . • The above results can be obtained in any order , and not necessarily that shown above. •P recautions when editing data input fo[...]

E-29 Math ERROR •C auses • Calculation result is outside the allowable calculation range. • An attempt to perform a function calculation using a value that exceeds the allowable input range. • An attempt to perform an illogical operation (division by zero, etc.) • Action • Check your input values and make sure they are all within the al[...]

E-30 k Order of Operations Calculations are performed in the following order of prec- edence. 1 Coordinate transformation: Pol ( x , y ), Rec ( r , θ ) 2 Ty pe A functions: With these functions, the value is entered and then the function key is pressed. x 3 , x 2 , x  1 , x !, ° ’ ” m , m 1 , m 2 , n Angle unit conversions (DRG ' ) 3 [...]

E-31 • Example: 1 2 3 45 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Numeric Stack Command Stack 1 2 3 4 5 2 3 4 5 4     1 2 3 4 5 6 7 k Stacks This calculator uses memory areas, called “stacks,” to tem- porarily store values (numeric stack) and commands (com- mand stack) according to their precedence during calcu- lations. The numeric stack has 10 levels and [...]

E-32 k Input Ranges Internal digits: 12 Accuracy * : As a rule, accuracy is ± 1 at the 10th digit. Functions Input Range sin x DEG 0   x   4.499999999  10 10 RAD 0   x   785398163.3 GRA 0   x   4.999999999  10 10 cos x DEG 0   x   4.500000008  10 10 RAD 0   x   785398164.9 GRA 0 [...]

E-33 Functions Input Range n C r 0  n  1  10 10 , 0  r  n ( n , r are integers) 1  [ n !/{ r !( n – r )!}]  1  10 100 Pol( x , y )  x  ,  y   9.999999999  10 49 ( x 2 + y 2 )  9.999999999  10 99 Rec( r ,  ) 0  r  9.999999999  10 99 θ : Same as sin x  a  , b , c  1  10 100 °[...]

E-34 Power Supply The type of battery you should use depends on the model number of your calculator . fx-85MS/fx-300MS The TWO W A Y POWER system actually has two power supplies: a solar cell and a G13 T ype (LR44) button battery . Normally , calculators equipped with a solar cell alone can operate only when relatively bright light is present. The [...]

E-35 fx-83MS/fx-270MS/fx-350MS This calculator is powered by single G13 T ype (LR44) button battery . •R eplacing the Battery Dim figures on the display of the calculator indicate that battery power is low . Continued use of the calculator when the battery is low can result in improper operation. Replace the battery as soon as possible when displ[...]

E-36 fx-82MS This calculator is powered by a single AA-size battery . •R eplacing the Battery Dim figures on the display of the calculator indicate that battery power is low . Continued use of the calculator when the battery is low can result in improper operation. Replace the battery as soon as possible when display figures become dim. • T o r[...]

E-37 Specifications Power Supply: fx-82MS: Single AA-size battery (R6P (SUM-3)) fx-83MS/fx-270MS/fx-350MS: Single G13 T ype button battery (LR44) fx-85MS/fx-300MS: Solar cell and a single G13 T ype button battery (LR44) Battery Life: fx-82MS: Approximately 17,000 hours continuous display of flashing cursor . Approximately 2 years when left with pow[...]

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