Casio fx-991ES PLUS manuale d’uso

E f x - 570ES PLUS f x - 991ES PLUS User’ s Guide CASIO Worldwide Education Website http://edu.casio.com CASIO EDUCATIONAL FORUM http://edu.casio.com/forum/[...]

Contents Important Information ............................................................. 2 Sample Operations .................................................................. 2 Initializing the Calculator ........................................................ 2 Safety Precautions ..............................................................[...]

E-2 Important Infor mation • The displays and illustrations (such as key markings) shown in this User’s Guide are for illustrative purposes only, and may differ somewhat from the actual items they represent. • The contents of this manual are subject to change without notice. • In no event shall CASIO Computer Co., Ltd. be liable to anyone f[...]

E-3 • Never try to take the calculator apar t. • Use a soft, dry cloth to clean the e xterior of the calculator . • Whenever discarding the calculator or batteries, be sure to do so in accordance with the laws and regulations in y our particular area. * Company and product names used in this manual may be registered trademarks or trademarks o[...]

E-4 Reading the Display The display of the calculator shows expressions you input, calculation results, and various indicators. Input expression Indicators Calculation result • If a  indicator appears on the right side of the calculation result, it means the displayed calculation result continues to the right. Use C and B to scroll the calcula[...]

E-5 Disp The display currently shows an intermediate result of a multi-statement calculation. Important: For some type of calculation that takes a long time to execute, the display may show only the above indicators (without any value) while it performs the calculation internally. Using Menus Some of the calculator’s operations are performed usin[...]

E-6 Linear Display (LineIO) causes fractions and other expressions to be displayed in a single line. Note: • The calculator switches to Linear Display automatically whenever you enter the STAT, BASE-N, MATRIX, or VECTOR Mode. • In this manual, the  symbol next to a sample operation indicates Natural Display, while the 1 symbol indicates Line[...]

E-7 Initializing Calculator Settings Perform the following procedure to initialize the calculator, which returns the calculation mode to COMP and returns all other settings, including setup menu settings, to their initial defaults.   (CLR)  (Setup)  (Yes) Inputting Expressions and V alues Basic Input Rules Calculations can be input in t[...]

E-8 1st Parenthetical expressions 2nd Functions that require an argument to the right and a closing parenthesis “)” following the argument. 3rd Functions that come after the input value ( x 2 , x 3 , x –1 , x !, °’ ”, °, r , g , %,  t ), powers ( x 9 ), roots (  ) 4th Fractions 5th Negative sign (–), base- n symbols (d, h, b, o)[...]

E-9 Using V alues and Expressions as Ar guments (Natural Display onl y) A value or an expression that you have already input can be used as the argument of a function. After you have input 7 6 , for example, you can make it the argument of  , resulting in 7 6 ' . To input 1 + 7 6 and then change it to 1 + 7 6 '  1  7  6 BBBB ?[...]

E-10 P ÷ 6 = 1 6  = 0.5235987756    ( P )  6  1 6  f 0.5235987756 ( ' 2 + 2) s ' 3 = ' 6 + 2 ' 3 = 5.913591358    2 C  2   3  ' 6 + 2 ' 3 f 5.913591358 While Linear Display is selected, each press of 5 will toggle the currently displayed calculation result between its decim[...]

E-11 P ercent Calculations Inputting a value and pressing   (%) causes the input value to become a percent. 150 s 20% = 30 150  20   (%)  30 Calculate what percentage of 880 is 660. (75%) 660  880   (%)  75 Increase 2500 by 15%. (2875) 2500  2500  15   (%)  2875 Discount 3500 by 25%. (2625) 3500  3[...]

E-12 Transform the value 123 to engineering notation, shifting the decimal point to the left. 123  123 $ ( k ) 0.123×10 3 $ ( k ) 0.000123×10 6 Calculation History In the COMP, CMPLX, or BASE-N Mode, the calculator remembers up to approximately 200 bytes of data for the newest calculation. You can scroll through calculation history conte[...]

E-13 V ariab les (A, B, C, D , E, F , X, Y) Your calculator has eight preset variables named A, B, C, D, E, F, X, and Y. You can assign values to variables and also use the variables in calculations. To assign the result of 3 + 5 to variable A 3  5 = (STO) E (A) 8 To multiply the contents of variable A by 10 (Continuing) E (A)  10  80 T[...]

E-14 °, r , g : These functions specify the angle unit. ° specifies degrees, r radians, and g grads. Input a function from the menu that appears when you perform the following key operation:  (DRG  ). See 3 .  ,  : Exponential functions. Note that the input method is different depending upon whether you are using Natural Display or[...]

E-15 x ! : Factorial function. See 12 . Abs : Absolute value function. Note that the input method is different depending upon whether you are using Natural Display or Linear Display. See 13 . Ran# : Generates a 3-digit pseudo random number that is less than 1. The result is displayed as a fraction when Natural Display is selected. See 14 . RanInt# [...]

E-16 Tips for Successful Integration Calculations When a periodic function or integration interval results in positive and negative f ( x ) function values Perform separate integrations for each cycle, or for the positive part and the negative part, and then combine the results. When integration values fluctuate widely due to min ute shifts in the [...]

E-17 To calculate ' 2 × 3 (= 3 ' 2 = 4.242640687...) to three decimal places (Fix 3)  (SETUP)  (Fix)    2 C  3  3 ' 2   4.243 1  2   3  4.243  1 e ln( x ) = 1   2  (X)  C 1 C  ( e )  1 1  2  (X)    (,) 1   (,)  ( e )   1 To obtain the deriva[...]

E-18 To generate random integers in the range of 1 to 6  (RanInt) 1   (,) 6  2  6  1 (Results shown here are for illustrative purposes only. Actual results will differ.) To determine the number of permutations and combinations possible when selecting four people from a group of 10 Permutations: 10   ( n P r ) 4  5040 C[...]

E-19 To obtain the conjugate complex number of 2 + 3 i (Complex number format: a + b i )   (CMPLX)  (Conjg) 2  3 $ ( i )  2–3 i To obtain the absolute value and argument of 1 + i B Absolute Value: @ (Abs) 1  $ ( i )  ' 2 Argument:   (CMPLX)  (arg)1  $ ( i )  45 Using a Command to Specify the Ca[...]

E-20 7  20  To exit CALC:  To store A + B i and then determine ' 3 + i , 1 + ' 3 i using polar coordinates ( r  θ ) B   (CMPLX)  (A)  4 (B) $ ( i )   (CMPLX)  (  r  θ ) <  3  1  < (or  ) 1   3  To exit CALC:  Note: During the time from when you press < until y[...]

E-21 0  1   2  Current value of X Input an initial value for X (Here, input 1): 1  To exit SOLVE:  Solution screen Note: During the time from when you press < (SOLVE) until you exit SOLVE by pressing  , you should use Linear Display input procedures for input. Important: • Depending on what you input for the initial val[...]

E-22 3  Input an initial value for X (Here, input 1): 1   7   13  Statistical Calculations (ST A T) To start a statistical calculation, perform the key operation   (STAT) to enter the STAT Mode and then use the screen that appears to select the type of calculation you want to perform. T o select this type of statistica[...]

E-23 Note: Use the FREQ (frequency) column to input the quantity (frequency) of identical data items. Display of the FREQ column can be turned on (displayed) or off (not displayed) using the Stat Format setting on the setup menu. To select linear regression and input the following data: (170, 66), (173, 68), (179, 75)   (STAT)  (A+BX) 170 [...]

E-24 • See the table at the beginning of this section of the manual for the regression formulas. • K , K 1 , K 2 and L are not variables. They are commands of the type that take an argument immediately before them. See “Calculating Estimated Values” for more information. Minimum V alue: minX*, minY, Maxim um V alue: maxX*, maxY   (STA[...]

E-25 Calculating Estimated V alues Based on the regression formula obtained by paired-variable statistical calculation, the estimated value of y can be calculated for a given x -value. The corresponding x -value (two values, x 1 and x 2 , in the case of quadratic regression) also can be calculated for a value of y in the regression formula. To dete[...]

E-26   (STAT)  (Distr)  (P()   Results: Normalized variate (  t ): –0.762 P( t ): 0.223 Base- n Calculations (BASE-N) Press   (BASE-N) to enter the BASE-N Mode when you want to perform calculations using decimal, hexadecimal, binary, and/or octal values. The initial default number mode when you enter the BASE-N Mode [...]

E-27 Hexadecimal Positive: 00000000  x  7FFFFFFF Negative: 80000000  x  FFFFFFFF Specifying the Number Mode of a P articular Input V alue You can input a special command immediately following a value to specify the number mode of that value. The special commands are: d (decimal), h (hexadecimal), b (binary), and o (octal). T[...]

E-28 To determine the bitwise complement of 1010 2 (Not(1010 2 ))   (BASE)  (Not) 1010  1111111111110101 To negate (take the two’s complement) of 101101 2 (Neg(101101 2 ))   (BASE)  (Neg) 101101  1111111111010011 Note: In the case of a negative binary, octal or hexadecimal value, the calculator converts the val[...]

E-29 EQN Mode Calculation Examples x + 2 y = 3, 2 x + 3 y = 4   (EQN)  (a n X + b n Y = c n ) 1  2  3  2  3  4   (X=) –1 A (Y=) 2 x – y + z = 2, x + y – z = 0, – x + y + z = 4   (EQN)  (a n X + b n Y + c n Z = d n ) 1   1  1  2  1  1   1  0   1  1  1  4  [...]

E-30 1. Press   (MATRIX) to enter the MATRIX Mode. 2. Press  (MatA)  (2 s 2). • This will display the Matrix Editor for input of the elements of the 2 s 2 matrix you specified for MatA. “A” stands for “MatA”. 3. Input the elements of MatA: 2  1  1  1  . 4. Perform the following key operation:   (MATRIX)  ([...]

E-31 3. Use the Matrix Editor that appears to input the elements of the matrix. To assign 1 0 –1 0 –1 1 to MatC   (MATRIX)  (Dim)  (MatC)  (2 s 3) 1  0   1  0   1  1  T o edit the elements of a matrix v ariable: 1. Press   (MATRIX)  (Data), and then, on the menu that appears, select the matrix var[...]

E-32 Obtain the absolute value of each element of MatB (Abs(MatB)). @ (Abs) MatB  Determine the square and cube of MatA (MatA 2 , MatA 3 ). Note: You cannot use  for this input. Use 7 to specify squaring, and  7 ( x 3 ) to specify cubing.  MatA 7   MatA  7 ( x 3 )  Creating a Number T able from a Function (T ABLE) T[...]

E-33  (X) V  1  2   1  1  0.5  Note: • You can use the number table screen for viewing values only. Table contents cannot be edited. • The number table generation operation causes the contents of variable X to be changed. Important: The function you input for number table generation is deleted whenever you display the se[...]

E-34 V ector Ans wer Memory Whenever the result of a calculation executed in the VECTOR Mode is a vector, the VctAns screen will appear with the result. The result also will be assigned to a variable named “VctAns”. The VctAns variable can be used in calculations as described below. • To insert the VctAns variable into a calculation, perform [...]

E-35 3 × VctA (Vector scalar multiplication), 3 × VctA – VctB (Calculation example using VctAns)  3  VctA   VctB  VctA • VctB (Vector dot product)  VctA   (VECTOR)  (Dot) VctB  VctA s VctB (Vector cross product)  VctA  VctB  Obtain the absolute values of VctC. @ (Abs) VctC  Determine the a[...]

E-36 To input the scientific constant C 0 (speed of light in a vacuum), and display its value   (CONST)  (C 0 )  To calculate C 0 = 1  0  0    1 A    (CONST)  ( E 0 )   (CONST)  ( μ 0 )  The following shows the two-digit numbers for each of the scientific constants. 01: (mp) proton mas[...]

E-37 33: ( μ 0 ) magnetic constant 34: ( F 0 ) magnetic flux quantum 35: (g) standard acceleration of gravity 36: (G 0 ) conductance quantum 37: (Z 0 ) characteristic impedance of vacuum 38: (t) Celsius temperature 39: (G) Newtonian constant of gravitation 40: (atm) standard atmosphere The values are based on CODATA recommended values (March 2007)[...]

E-38 25: atm  Pa 26: Pa  atm 27: mmHg  Pa 28: Pa  mmHg 29: hp  kW 30: kW  hp 31: kgf/cm 2  Pa 32: Pa  kgf/cm 2 33: kgf • m  J 34: J  kgf • m 35: lbf/in 2  kPa 36: kPa  lbf/in 2 37: °F  °C 38: °C  °F 39: J  cal 40: cal  J Conversion formula data is based on the “NIST Special Publication 811 ([...]

E-39 tanh –1 x 0  x  9.999999999 s 10 –1 log x /ln x 0  x  9.999999999 s 10 99 10 x –9.999999999 s 10 99  x  99.99999999 e x –9.999999999 s 10 99  x  230.2585092 ' x 0  x  1 s 10 100 x 2 x   1 s 10 50 x –1 x   1 s 10 100 ; x & 0 3  x x   1 [...]

E-40 Errors The calculator will display an error message whenever an error occurs for any reason during a calculation. There are two ways to exit an error message display: Pressing B or C to display the location of the error, or pressing  to clear the message and calculation. Displaying the Location of an Err or While an error message is display[...]

E-41 Action: Make necessary corrections. Argument ERROR Cause: There is a problem with the argument of the calculation you are performing. Action: Make necessary corrections. Dimension ERROR (MA TRIX and VECT OR Modes only) Cause: • The matrix or vector you are trying to use in a calculation was input without specifying its dimension. • You are[...]

E-42 For details about initialized settings, see “Configuring the Calculator Setup”. 4. Initialize all modes and settings by performing the following operation:   (CLR)  (Setup)  (Yes). Replacing the Battery A low battery is indicated by a dim display, even if contrast is adjusted, or by failure of figures to appear on the display i[...]

E-43 Appro ximate Weight: fx-570ES PLUS: 100 g (3.5 oz) including the battery fx-991ES PLUS: 95 g (3.4 oz) including the battery Frequently Asked Questions I How can I perf orm input and display results the same wa y I did on a model that does not have Natural T extbook Displa y? Perform the following key operation:  (SETUP)  (LineIO). See[...]

Manufacturer: CASIO COMPUTER CO., LTD. 6-2, Hon-machi 1-chome Shibuya-ku, Tokyo 151-8543, Japan Responsible within the European Union: CASIO EUROPE GmbH Bornbarch 10 22848 Norderstedt, Germany This mark applies in EU countries only.[...]

CASIO COMPUTER CO ., L TD. 6-2, Hon-machi 1-chome Shibuya-ku, T okyo 151-8543, Japan SA0802-A[...]