Cisco Systems 78-11741-02 manuale d’uso

170 West Tasman Drive San Jose, CA 951 34-1706 USA http://www.cisco.com Cisco Systems, In c. Corporate Headquarters Tel: 800 553-NETS (6387) 408 526-4000 Fax: 408 526-4100 Cisco IOS IP Conf iguration Guide Re lease 12. 2 Customer Order Number: DO C-7811741= Text Part Number: 78 -11741-02[...]

THE SPECIFICATION S AND INFORMATION RE GARDING THE P RODUCTS IN THIS MA NUAL ARE SUBJECT TO CHANGE WITH OUT NOTICE. ALL STATEM ENTS, INFORMATION, AN D RECOMMENDATIONS IN TH IS MANUAL ARE BELIEVED TO BE ACCURATE BUT ARE PRESENTED WITH OUT WARRANTY OF A NY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED. USERS MUST TAKE FULL RESPO NSIBILITY FOR THEIR APPLICA TION OF AN Y P[...]

iii Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide CONTENTS About Cisco IOS Software Documentation xxix Documentation Objectives xxix Audience xxix Documentation Organization xxix Documentation Modules xxix Master Indexes xxxii Supporting Documents and Resou rces xxxii New and Changed Info rmation xxxiii Document Conventions xxxiii Obtaining Documentation xxxv W[...]

Contents iv Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide Determining a Routing Process IPC-2 Interior and Exterior Gateway Protocols IPC-2 Interior Gateway Protocols IPC-3 Exterior Gateway Protocols IPC-3 Multiple Routing Protocols IPC-3 IP Multicast IPC-4 IP ADDRESSING AND SERVICES Configuring IP Addressing IPC-7 IP Addressing Task List IPC-7 Assigning IP Add[...]

Contents v Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide Suppressing Forward and Reverse Re cord Options IPC-26 Specifying the NHRP Responder Address IPC-26 Changing the Time Period NBMA Addresses Are Advertised as Valid IPC-26 Configuring a GRE Tunnel for Multipoint Opera tion IPC-27 Configuring NHRP Server-Only Mode IPC-27 Enabling IP Routing IP C-27 Routing [...]

Contents vi Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide Displaying System and Network Statistics IPC-48 Monitoring and Maintaining NHRP IPC-49 IP Addressing Example s IPC-49 Creating a Network from Separated Su bnets Example IP C-50 Serial Interfaces Config uration Example IPC-50 IP Domains Example IPC-51 Dynamic Lookup E xample IPC-51 HP Hosts on a Network S[...]

Contents vii Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide Configuring the Address Lease Time IP C-71 Configuring Manual Bindin gs IPC-71 Configuring a DHCP Server Boot File IP C-73 Configuring the Number of Ping Packets IPC-73 Configuring the Timeout Value for Ping Pack ets IPC-73 Enabling the Cisco IOS DHCP Client on E thernet Interfaces IPC-73 Configuring DH[...]

Contents viii Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide Applying Time Ranges to Access Lists IP C-97 Including Comments About Entries in Access Lists IPC-98 Applying Access Lists IPC-98 Controlling Access to a Line or Interface IPC-99 Controlling Policy Rou ting and the Filtering of Rout ing Information IPC-99 Controlling Dialer Functio ns IPC-99 Configurin[...]

Contents ix Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide Enabling CEF IPC-1 16 Enabling NetFlow Switching IPC-117 Enabling IP Mu lticast Routing IPC-1 17 Configuring the Router as a Forwarding Agent IPC-1 18 Monitoring and Maintaining the IP Network IPC-118 Clearing Caches, Tables, an d Databases IPC-11 8 Monitoring and Maintaining the DRP Server Agent IPC-119[...]

Contents x Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide Port-Bound Servers IPC-136 Client-Assigned Load Balancing IPC-136 Content Flow Monitor Support IPC-136 Sticky Connections IPC-1 36 Maximum Connections IPC-136 Delayed Removal of TCP Conn ection Context IPC-137 TCP Session Reassignmen t IPC-137 Automatic Server Failure Detection IPC-137 Automatic Unfail IP[...]

Contents xi Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide Verifying Server Failure Detection IPC-149 Troubleshooting IOS SLB IPC-150 Monitoring and Maintaining IOS SLB IPC-1 51 Configuration Examples IPC-1 51 IOS SLB Network Configuration Example IP C-152 NAT Configuration Example IPC-153 HSRP Configuration Example IP C-155 IOS SLB Stateless Backup Configuratio[...]

Contents xii Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide Enabling HSRP IPC-171 Configuring HSRP Group Attributes IPC-171 Enabling HA Redundan cy for a Physical Network IPC-172 Enabling HA Redundan cy for a Virtual Network Using One Physic al Network IPC-172 Enabling HA Redundan cy for a Virtual Network Using Multiple Physical Networks IPC-173 Enabling HA Redu[...]

Contents xiii Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide Restrictions to RIP Route Su mmarization IPC-205 Configuring Route Summarization on an Interface IPC-20 5 Verifying IP Route Summarization IP C-205 Disabling Automatic Route Summarization IPC-206 Running IGRP and RIP Concurrently IPC-20 6 Disabling the Validatio n of Source IP Addresses IPC-2 07 Enabli[...]

Contents xiv Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide Enabling OSPF IP C-225 Configuring OSPF Interface Parameters IPC-225 Configuring OSPF over Different Phys ical Networks IPC-226 Configuring Your OSPF Network Type IPC-226 Configuring Point-to-Multi p oint, Broadcast Networks IPC-227 Configuring OSPF for Nonbroadcas t Networks IPC-227 Configuring OSPF Ar[...]

Contents xv Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide Basic OSPF Configuration Example fo r Internal Router, ABR, and ASBRs IPC-246 Complex Internal Router, ABR, and ASBRs Example IPC-246 Complex OSPF Configuration for ABR Examp les IPC-249 Route Map Examples IPC-250 Changing OSPF Administrative Distance Example IPC-252 OSPF over On-Demand Routing Exam ple [...]

Contents xvi Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide Configuring Integrated IS-IS IPC-277 IS-IS Configuration Task List IPC-277 Enabling IS-IS and Assigning Are as IPC-277 Enabling IP Routing for an Area on an Interface IP C-279 IS-IS Interface Parameters Configuration Task Lis t IP C-279 Configuring IS-IS Link-State Metrics IP C-280 Setting the Adverti s[...]

Contents xvii Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide How BGP Selects Paths IPC-294 BGP Multipath Support IPC-295 Basic BGP Configuration Task List IPC-295 Advanced BGP Configuration Task List IPC-296 Configuring Basic BGP Features IP C-297 Enabling BGP Routing IPC -297 Configuring BGP Neighbors IP C-297 Managin g Routing Poli cy Chang es IPC-298 Resettin[...]

Contents xviii Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide BGP Conditional Adve rtisem ent Configuration Task List IPC-315 Conditional Advertisement of a Set of Routes IPC-31 5 Verifying BGP Conditional Advertiseme nt IPC-315 BGP Conditional Adve rtisem ent Troubleshooting Tips IP C-316 Configuring a Routing Domain Confederation IP C-316 Configuring a Route R[...]

Contents xix Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide Inbound Soft Reset Using Stored Information Example IPC-339 BGP Synchronization Examples IPC-340 BGP Path Filtering b y Neighbor Examples IP C-340 BGP Aggregate Route E xamples IPC-3 41 BGP Community with Route Maps Examples IPC-341 BGP Conditional Advertisement Configuration Examp les IPC-3 43 BGP Conf[...]

Contents xx Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide Specifying a Default Network IPC-36 5 Understanding Gate way of Last Resort IPC-366 Changing the Max imum Number of Paths IPC-366 Configuring Multi-Interface Load Splitting IPC-366 Redistributing Routing In formation IPC-367 Understanding Sup ported Metric Translations IPC-3 69 Filterin g Routing In form[...]

Contents xxi Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide Default Passive Inte rface Example IPC-393 Policy Routing Example IPC-393 Key Management Examples IPC-394 IP MULTICAST Configuring IP Multicast Routing IPC-399 The Cisco IP Multicast Routing Implementation IPC-400 IGMP IPC-400 IGMP Versions IPC-401 PIM IPC-401 CGMP IPC-402 Basic IP Multicast Routin g Co[...]

Contents xxii Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide Restrictions IPC-412 Changing the IGMP Qu ery Timeout IPC-413 Changing the Max imum Query Response Time IPC-413 Configuring the Router as a Statically Connected Member IPC-413 Configuring IGMP Leave Latency IP C-414 Configuring the TTL Threshold IPC-415 Disabling Fast Switching of IP Multicast IPC-4 15[...]

Contents xxiii Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide Controlling the Trans mission Rate to a Multicast Group IPC-430 Configuring RTP Header Compression IPC-43 0 Enabling RTP Header Compression on a Serial Interface IPC-432 Enabling RTP Header Compression with Frame Relay Enc apsulation IPC-432 Changing the Numbe r of Header Compression Connections IPC-4[...]

Contents xxiv Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide Express RTP Header Compression with Fram e Relay Encapsulation Example IPC-453 IP Multicast over ATM Poin t-to-Multipoint VC Example IPC-454 Administratively Scoped Boundary Example IPC-455 IP Multicast Helper Example IPC-455 Stub IP Multi cast Exampl e IPC-4 56 Load Splitti ng IP Mult icast Tra ffic A[...]

Contents xxv Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide DF Election IPC-473 Bidirectional Group Tree Building IPC-474 Packet Forwarding IPC-474 Bidir-PIM Configuration Task List IPC-474 Prerequisites IPC-474 Configuring Bidir-PIM IPC-475 Verifying Bidirectional Groups IPC-475 Monitoring and Maintaining Bidir-PIM IP C-476 Bidir-PIM Configuration Example IPC-4[...]

Contents xxvi Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide Enabling PGM Host IPC-495 Enabling PGM Host with a Virtual Host Interface IPC-496 Enabling PGM Host with a Physical Interface IPC-496 Verifying PG M Host Configurat ion IPC-496 PGM Router Assist Co nfiguration Task List IPC-4 98 Prerequisites IPC-498 Enabling PGM Router Assist IPC-4 98 Enabling PGM Rou[...]

Contents xxvii Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide Integrated UDLR Tunnel, IGMP UDLR, and IGMP Proxy Example IPC-518 Using IP Multicast Tools IPC-521 Multicast Routing Monitor Overview IPC-521 Benefits IPC-521 Restrictions IPC-522 MRM Configuration Task List IPC-522 Configuring a Test Sender and Test Receiver IPC-522 Monitoring Multiple Groups IP C-52[...]

Contents xxviii Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide Monitoring and Maintaining DVMRP IPC-545 DVMRP Configuration Examples IPC-545 DVMRP Interoperability Example IPC-545 DVMRP Tunnel Ex ample IPC-545 INDEX[...]

xxix Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide About Cisco IOS Software Documentation This chapte r discusses th e objecti ves, audience , org anization, and co n v entions of Cisco I OS software documentation . It also pro vides sources for obtaini ng documentation from Ci sco Systems. Documentation Objectives Cisco IOS software documentat ion describes th[...]

About Cisco IOS Software Documentation Documentation Or ganization xxx Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e Figure 1 sho ws the Cisco IOS softwar e documentation modules. Note The abbrev iations (for exampl e, FC and FR) next t o the book icons are page designators, which are defi ned in a ke y in the inde x of each document to help you with na vigati[...]

About Cisco IOS Software Documen tation Documentation Organization xxxi Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide Cisco IOS Voice, Video, and Fax Configuration Guide Cisco IOS Voice, Video, and Fax Command Reference Module VC/VR: • Voice over IP • Call Control Signalling • Voice over Frame Relay • Voice over ATM • Telephony Applications • Trunk [...]

About Cisco IOS Software Documentation Documentation Or ganization xxxii Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e Master Indexes T wo master inde xes pro vide inde xing information f or the Cisco IOS softw are documentati on set: an inde x for the co nfigu ration guides and an index for the command references. Indi vidual books also contain a book-specifi[...]

About Cisco IOS Software Documen tation New and Changed Information xxxiii Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide New and Changed Information The follo wing is ne w or changed information since the last release o f the Cisco IOS IP an d IP routing publications: • The title of the Cisco IOS IP and IP Rout ing Conf igura tion Guide has been changed to Ci[...]

About Cisco IOS Software Documentation Document Conv entions xxxiv Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e Command syntax descript ions use the follo wing con ventions: Nested sets of squa re brackets or braces indicate optional or re quired choices within optional or required elements. For example: Examples use the follo wing con ventions: The follo win[...]

About Cisco IOS Software Documen tation Obtaining Documentation xxxv Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide Obtaining Documentation The follo wing sections p rovide sources for o btaining documentation from Cisco Sy stems. World Wide Web The most current Cisco documentation is a v ailable on the W orld W ide W eb at the follo wing website: http://www .ci[...]

About Cisco IOS Software Documentation Obtaining Technica l Assistance xxxvi Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e T o submit your comments by mail, use th e response card behind the fro nt cov er of your docu ment, or write to the follo wing ad dress: Cisco Systems, Inc. Document Resource Connection 170 W est T asman Driv e San Jose, CA 95134-9883 W e[...]

About Cisco IOS Software Documen tation Obtaining Te chnical Assistance xxxvii Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide P3 and P4 le v el problems are defi ned as follo ws: • P3—Y our network performan ce is degraded. Network functio nality is noticeably im paired, but most b usines s operation s continu e. • P4—Y ou need info rmation or assis tanc[...]

About Cisco IOS Software Documentation Obtaining Technica l Assistance xxxviii Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e[...]

xxxix Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide Using Cisco IOS Software This chapter pr ovides h elpful ti ps for understand ing and conf igur i ng Cisco IOS softw are using the command-line interface (CLI ). It contains the fo llo wing sections: • Understanding Command Modes • Getting Help • Using the no and d efault F orms of Co mmands • Sav ing [...]

Using Cisco IOS Software Getting Help xl Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e T able 1 describes how to access and exit va rious common comman d modes of the Cisco IOS softw are. It also sho ws ex amples of the prompts displayed fo r each mode. For more in formation on command modes, refer to th e “Using the Command-Line Interf ace” chapter in the[...]

Using Cisco IOS Software Getting Help xli Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide Example: How to Find Command Options This section pr ovides an example of how to displa y syntax for a c ommand. Th e syntax can consist of optional or req uired ke yw ords and ar guments. T o display k eyw ords and ar guments for a comman d, enter a question mark ( ? ) at t[...]

Using Cisco IOS Software Getting Help xlii Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e Router(config-if)# ? Interface configuration commands: . . . ip Interface Internet Protocol config commands keepalive Enable keepalive lan-name LAN Name command llc2 LLC2 Interface Subcommands load-interval Specify interval for load calculation for an interface locaddr-pri[...]

Using Cisco IOS Software Using the no and default Forms o f Commands xliii Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide Using the no and default Forms of Commands Almost e very conf iguration command h as a no form. In general, use the no for m to disable a function. Use the command without the no ke yword to reenable a disabled func tion or to enable a fun ct[...]

Using Cisco IOS Software Saving Configuration Change s xliv Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e hav e v ariables set to certain de fault values. In these cases, the default form of the command enables the command and sets the variables to thei r def ault v alues. The Cisco IOS sof tware command r eference publications describe th e ef fect of the def[...]

Using Cisco IOS Software Identifying Supported Pla tforms xlv Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide Identifying Supported Platforms Cisco IOS soft ware is pack aged in feat ure sets co nsisting of so ftware images that supp ort specif ic platforms. The feature sets av ailable for a specif ic platform depend on which Cisco IOS softw are images are includ[...]

Using Cisco IOS Software Identifying Supported Platforms xlvi Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e[...]

IPC-1 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide IP Overview The Internet Protocol (IP) is a pack et-based protocol used to exchange data o ve r computer networks. IP handles addressing, frag mentation, reassembly , and protocol demultiple xing. It is the foundati on on which all other IP protocols (collecti vely referred to as the IP Protocol suite) are bu [...]

IP Overvi ew IP Routing Protocols IPC-2 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide Server load balancing allo ws a network ad ministrator to def ine a virt ual server to represen t a group of real servers. F or more informati on on this feature, see the “Configurin g Serv er Load Balancing” chapter . Mobile IP , which allows u sers to roam and maintain c[...]

IP Overview IP Routing Protocols IPC-3 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e Note Many routin g protocol specif ications refer to routers as gate ways , so the word gateway often appears as part of routing proto col names. Ho we ver , a rout er usually is def ined as a Layer 3 internet working device, whereas a protocol translation gate way us ually is[...]

IP Overvi ew IP Multicast IPC-4 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide For e xample, RIP uses a hop-count metric and IGRP us es a f i ve-el ement vector o f metric information. If routing infor mation is being e xchanged between dif ferent netw orks that use dif ferent routin g protocols, you can use man y conf iguration options to filter th e exchange o[...]

IP A ddressing and S ervices[...]

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IPC-7 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide Configuring IP Addressing This chapter describes how to conf igure IP addressi ng. For a complete description of the IP addressi ng commands in this chapter , refer to the “IP Addressing Commands” chapter of the Cisco IOS IP Command Refer ence, V olume 1 of 3: Addr essing and Services publicat ion. T o loc[...]

Configuri ng IP Addressi ng Assigning IP Addresses to Network Inter faces IPC-8 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide The of fi cial description of IP addr esses is found in RFC 1166, Internet Number s . T o recei ve an assigned netw ork number , cont act your Internet service pro vider (ISP). An interface can ha ve one primary IP address. T o a ssign a[...]

Configuring IP Addr essing Assigning IP Addresses to Network Interfaces IPC-9 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e Assigning Multiple IP Addresses to Network Interfaces Cisco IOS software supports multipl e IP addresse s per interface. Y ou can specify an unlimite d number of secondary addresses. Secondary IP addresses can be used in a vari ety of sit[...]

Configuri ng IP Addressi ng Assigning IP Addresses to Network Inter faces IPC-10 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide Y o u can use t he all 0s and all 1s subnet (13 1.108.255.0), e v en though it is d iscouraged. Conf iguring interfaces for the all 1s subnet is expl icitly allo we d. Ho we ver , if you need the entire subnet space for your IP address,[...]

Configuring IP Addr essing Assigning IP Addresses to Network Interfaces IPC-11 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e Figure 2 No IP Cl assless Routing T o prevent the Cisco IOS software f rom forwarding pack ets destined for unrecogni zed subnets to the best supernet route possible, use the follo wing comm and in global conf igur ation mode: Enabling I[...]

Configuri ng IP Addressi ng Configuring Address Resolution Meth ods IPC-12 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide Note Using an unnumbered s erial line between different major networks requires special care. If, at each end of the link, dif ferent major ne tworks a re assigned to t he interf aces you specified as unnumbered, any routi ng protocols runnin[...]

Configuring IP Addr essing Configuring Address Reso lution Methods IPC-13 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e The software uses three forms of address resolution: Address Resol ution Protocol (ARP), proxy ARP , and Probe (simil ar to ARP). The s oftware a lso uses the Re verse A ddress Reso lution Protocol (RARP). ARP , proxy ARP , and RARP are defin[...]

Configuri ng IP Addressi ng Configuring Address Resolution Meth ods IPC-14 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide Use the follo wing command in interface conf iguration mode to set the length of time an ARP cache entry will stay in the cache: T o display the type of ARP being used on a particul ar in terface and also d isplay the ARP timeout v alue, use [...]

Configuring IP Addr essing Configuring Address Reso lution Methods IPC-15 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e Configuring Loca l-Area Mobility Local-area mobility pro vides the ability to relocat e IP hosts withi n a limited area without reassig ning host IP addresses and w ithout changes to the host softw are. Local-area mobility is supported on Eth[...]

Configuri ng IP Addressi ng Configuring Address Resolution Meth ods IPC-16 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide T o keep track of domain names, IP has def ined the concept of a name server , whose job is to hold a cache (or database) of names mapped to IP addresses. T o map domain names to IP addresses, you must f irst identify the host names, then spe[...]

Configuring IP Addr essing Configuring Address Reso lution Methods IPC-17 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e Specifying a Name Server T o specify one or more host s (up to six) that can funct ion as a name server to supply name info rmation for the DNS, use the fol lo wing command in global conf iguration mode: Enabling the DNS If your network de vi[...]

Configuri ng IP Addressi ng Configuring Address Resolution Meth ods IPC-18 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide Configuring HP Probe Proxy Name Requests HP Probe Proxy supp ort allo ws the Cisco I OS softwa re to respo nd to HP Probe Proxy name requests. These requests are typically used at sites that have HP equi pment and are already using HP P robe [...]

Configuring IP Addr essing Configuring Address Reso lution Methods IPC-19 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e Figure 3 illustrates four routers connected to an NBMA ne twork. W ithin the network are A TM or SMDS switches necessary for the routers to communicate with each other . Assume that the switches hav e virtual circuit (VC) connections rep rese[...]

Configuri ng IP Addressi ng Configuring Address Resolution Meth ods IPC-20 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide Each Nex t Hop Server serv es a set of destinat ion ho sts, which might be direct ly connected to the NBMA network. Ne xt Hop Serv ers cooperat iv ely resolv e the NBMA ne xt hop addresses w ithin their NBMA network. Ne xt Hop Serv ers typica[...]

Configuring IP Addr essing Configuring Address Reso lution Methods IPC-21 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e Enabling NHRP on an Interface T o enable NHRP for an interface on a router , us e the following co mmand in interface conf iguration mode. In general, all NHRP stations withi n a logical NBMA netw ork must be conf igured with th e same networ[...]

Configuri ng IP Addressi ng Configuring Address Resolution Meth ods IPC-22 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide Configuring NHRP Authentication Config uring an authenticatio n string ensures that only routers conf igured with the same string can communicate using NHRP . Therefore, if the authentication scheme is to be used, the same string must be conf[...]

Configuring IP Addr essing Configuring Address Reso lution Methods IPC-23 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e Triggering NHRP on a per-Destination Basis By default, when the softw are attempts to send a data pack et to a destin ation for whi ch it has determined that NHRP can be used, it sends an NHRP request for that destination. T o conf igure the [...]

Configuri ng IP Addressi ng Configuring Address Resolution Meth ods IPC-24 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide NHRP Configuration Task List T o conf igure the NHRP triggering and teardo wn of SVCs based on traf fic rate, perform the tasks described in the follo wing sections. The tasks in the f irst section are required, the tasks in the remaining sec[...]

Configuring IP Addr essing Configuring Address Reso lution Methods IPC-25 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e If your Cisco hardw are has a V irt ual Inte rface Processor , v ersion 2 adapter , you must perform the follo wing task to change the sampling ti me. By default, th e port adapter sends the traf f ic statistics to the Route Processor e v ery[...]

Configuri ng IP Addressi ng Configuring Address Resolution Meth ods IPC-26 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide Suppressing Forward and Reverse Record Options T o dynamically detect l ink layer f iltering in NBMA networks (for example, SM DS address screens), and to provide loop detec tion and diagnost ic capabilities, NH RP incorporates a Rout e Recor[...]

Configuring IP Addr essing Enabling IP Routing IPC-27 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e Configuring a GRE Tunnel for Multipoint Operation Y ou can enable a generic routing en capsulation (GRE) tunnel to operate in multipoint f ashion. A tunnel network of multipoint tunnel interf aces can be thoug ht of as an NBMA network. T o configure the tu nnel,[...]

Configuri ng IP Addressi ng Enabling IP Routing IPC-28 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide Routing Assistance When IP Routing Is Disabled The Cisco IOS software provides t hree methods by which the router can lear n about routes t o other networks when IP routi ng is disabled and the de vice is acting as an IP host. These methods are described in the [...]

Configuring IP Addr essing Enabling IP Routing IPC-29 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e ICMP Router Di scovery Protocol The Cisco IOS software pro vides a third method, called r outer discovery , by which the router dynamically learns about routes t o other networks using th e ICMP Router Disco very Protocol IRDP). IRDP allows hosts to lo cate rout[...]

Configuri ng IP Addressi ng Enabling IP Bridging IPC-30 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide The Cisco IOS softw are can proxy-adv ertise other machin es that use IRDP; ho we ver , this practice is not recommended because it is possibl e to advertise nonexistent machin es or machines that are down. Enabling IP Bridging T o transparently bridge IP on an[...]

Configuring IP Addr essing Configuring Broadcast Pa cket Handling IPC-31 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e Configuring Broadcast Packet Handling A br oadcast is a data packet destined for all hosts on a parti cular physical network. N etwork hosts recognize broadcasts by special addresses. Broadcas ts are heavily u sed by some pr otocols, including[...]

Configuri ng IP Addressi ng Configuring Broa dcast Packet Handling IPC-32 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide T o enable forwarding of IP directed broadcast s, use the follo wing command in interface conf iguration mode: Forwarding UDP Broadcast Packets and Protocols Network hosts occasionally use User Datagram Pr otocol (UDP) broadcasts to determine [...]

Configuring IP Addr essing Configuring Broadcast Pa cket Handling IPC-33 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e Establishing an IP Broadcast Address The Cisco IOS software supports IP broadcasts on both LANs and W ANs. There are se veral w ays to indicate an IP broadcast address. Curr ently , the most popul ar way , and the default, is an address consis[...]

Configuri ng IP Addressi ng Configuring Broa dcast Packet Handling IPC-34 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide In order to be considered for f looding, packets must meet the follo wing criteria . (Note that these are the same conditions used to consider p acket forwardi ng using IP helper addresses.) • The packet must be a MA C-le vel broadcast. • [...]

Configuring IP Addr essing Configuring Network Address Translation IPC-35 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e Configuring Network Address Translation T wo key problems facing t he Internet are depletion of IP address space and scaling in routing. Network Address T ranslation (N A T) is a feature that allows th e IP network of an organization to appe [...]

Configuri ng IP Addressi ng Configuring Network Address Tr anslation IPC-36 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide A router conf igured with N A T must not advertise the l ocal networks to th e outside. Ho we v er , rout ing information th at N A T receiv es from the outside can be advertised i n the stub domain as u sual. NAT Terminology As mentioned pr[...]

Configuring IP Addr essing Configuring Network Address Translation IPC-37 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e Translating Inside Source Addresses Y ou can translate your own IP addresses into globa lly unique IP ad dresses when communicatin g outside of your network . Y ou can conf igure static or dynamic inside sou rce translation as follo ws: • S[...]

Configuri ng IP Addressi ng Configuring Network Address Tr anslation IPC-38 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide Host 1.1.1.1 recei v es the packet and cont inues the con versation. The router pe rforms Steps 2 through 5 for each packet. Configuring Static Translation T o configure static inside source address translation, use the follo wing commands i[...]

Configuring IP Addr essing Configuring Network Address Translation IPC-39 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e Packets that enter the router th rou gh the inside interface and p a ckets sourced from the router are checked against the access list for possible NA T candi dates. The access list is used to specify which traff ic is to be translated. Confi[...]

Configuri ng IP Addressi ng Configuring Network Address Tr anslation IPC-40 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide Figure 5 NA T Over loading I nside Global Addresses The router performs the follo wing process in o ver loading inside global ad dresses, as shown in Figur e 5 . Both host B and ho st C belie ve the y are communicatin g with a single host at[...]

Configuring IP Addr essing Configuring Network Address Translation IPC-41 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e Note The access list must permit only thos e addresses that a re to be transl ated. (Remember that there is an implicit “deny all” at the end of each access list.) An access list that is too permis si ve can lead to unpredictable results.[...]

Configuri ng IP Addressi ng Configuring Network Address Tr anslation IPC-42 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide Figure 6 NA T T ranslating Over lapping Addresses The router performs the fo llowing process when transl ating ov erlapping addresses: 1. The user at host 1.1.1 .1 opens a connection to host C by name, request ing a name-to-address look up f[...]

Configuring IP Addr essing Configuring Network Address Translation IPC-43 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e Configuring Static Translation T o conf igure static SA address translation, use the follo wing co mmands in global conf iguration mode: Configuring Dynamic Translation T o configure dynamic outsid e source address translation, use the fo llo[...]

Configuri ng IP Addressi ng Configuring Network Address Tr anslation IPC-44 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide addresses from a rotary pool. Allocatio n is done on a round-robin basis, an d only when a ne w connection is opened fro m the outside to th e inside. Non-TCP t r af f ic is passed untranslated (unless other translations are in effect). Figu[...]

Configuring IP Addr essing Configuring Network Address Translation IPC-45 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e Note The access list must permit only thos e addresses that a re to be transl ated. (Remember that there is an implicit “deny all” at the end of each access list.) An access list that is too permis si ve can lead to unpredictable results.[...]

Configuri ng IP Addressi ng Configuring Network Address Tr anslation IPC-46 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide Monitoring and Maintaining NAT By default, dynamic address translati ons will time ou t from the N A T translation table at so me point. T o clear the entries before the timeo ut, use th e follo wing commands in EXEC mode as needed: T o disp[...]

Configuring IP Addr essing Monitoring and Maintaining IP Ad dressing IPC-47 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e T o specify a port other than the default port, use the follo wing command in global conf iguration mode: Monitoring and Maintaining IP Addressing T o monitor and maintain your netwo rk, perform the tasks descr ibed in the follo wing sectio[...]

Configuri ng IP Addressi ng Monitoring and Main ta ining IP Addressing IPC-48 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide T o specify the format in which netmasks appear for the cu rrent session, use the follo wing co mmand in EXEC mode: T o conf igure the format in which netmasks appear for an i ndi vidual line, use t he follo wing command in line conf igura[...]

Configuring IP Addr essing IP Addressing Examples IPC-49 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e See the “ ping Command Example ” section at the end of this ch apter for an example of pinging. Monitoring and Maintaining NHRP T o monitor th e NHRP cache or traf f ic, use either of the follo wing commands in EXEC mode: The NHRP cache can contain static[...]

Configuri ng IP Addressi ng IP Addressing Examples IPC-50 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide • Changing the Rate for T riggering SVCs Example • Applying NHRP Rates to Specif ic Destination s Example • NHRP on a Multipoint T unnel Example • Broadcasting Examples • N A T Configuration Ex amples • ping Comma nd Example Creating a Network fro[...]

Configuring IP Addr essing IP Addressing Examples IPC-51 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e ip address 145.22.4.67 255.255.255.0 interface serial 1 ip unnumbered ethernet 0 IP Domains Example The follo wing e xample establishes a domain li st with se ve ral alternate domain names: ip domain list csi.com ip domain list telecomprog.edu ip domain-list [...]

Configuri ng IP Addressi ng IP Addressing Examples IPC-52 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide Figure 9 T wo Logical NBMA N etwor ks over One Physical NBMA Networ k The physical conf iguration of the f i ve rou ters in Figure 9 might actually b e that sho wn in Figure 10 . The source host is connect ed to Ro uter A and the destination host is connected[...]

Configuring IP Addr essing IP Addressing Examples IPC-53 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e Figure 1 0 Physical Configuration of a Sample NBMA Networ k Refer a gain to Figure 9 . Initially , be fore NHRP has re solved an y NBMA addresses, IP packets from the source host to the destinatio n host travel through all fi v e routers connected to th e swi[...]

Configuri ng IP Addressi ng IP Addressing Examples IPC-54 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide The signif icant portions of the conf igurations for routers A, B, and C follo w: Router A Configuration interface ATM0/0 ip address 10.1.0.1 255.255.0.0 ip nhrp network-id 1 map-group a atm nsap-address 11.1111.11.111111.1111.1111.1111.1111.1111.1111.11 atm [...]

Configuring IP Addr essing IP Addressing Examples IPC-55 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e map-list a ip 10.1.0.1 atm-nsap 11.1111.11.111111.1111.1111.1111.1111.1111.1111.11 map-list b ip 10.2.0.2 atm-nsap 22.2222.22.222222.2222.2222.2222.2222.2222.2222.22 Changing the Rate for Triggering SVCs Example Figure 11 and th e example conf iguration follo[...]

Configuri ng IP Addressi ng IP Addressing Examples IPC-56 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide interface Fddi1/0/0 ip address 10.2.1.55 255.255.255.0 no ip directed-broadcast no ip mroute-cache no keepalive ! router ospf 1 passive-interface Fddi1/0/0 network 10.2.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 1 network 140.206.58.0 0.0.0.255 area 1 ! router bgp 7170 no synchroniz[...]

Configuring IP Addr essing IP Addressing Examples IPC-57 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e Router C Configuration ip cef ip cef accounting non-recursive ! interface Loopback0 ip address 140.206.58.131 255.255.255.255 no ip directed-broadcast no ip mroute-cache ! interface ATM0/0 no ip address no ip directed-broadcast no ip mroute-cache atm pvc 5 0 [...]

Configuri ng IP Addressi ng IP Addressing Examples IPC-58 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide NHRP on a Multipoint Tunnel Example W ith multipoint tunnels, a single tunnel interface may be connected to multiple neig hboring routers. Unlike point-t o-point tunnels, a t unnel destination need not be co nf igured. In fact, if conf igured, the tunnel dest[...]

Configuring IP Addr essing IP Addressing Examples IPC-59 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e ip nhrp network-id 1 ip nhrp nhs 11.0.0.4 tunnel source ethernet 0 tunnel mode gre multipoint tunnel key 1 interface ethernet 0 ip address 10.0.0.3 255.0.0.0 Router D Configuration interface tunnel 0 no ip redirects ip address 11.0.0.4 255.0.0.0 ip nhrp map 1[...]

Configuri ng IP Addressi ng IP Addressing Examples IPC-60 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide A directed broadcast address includes the networ k or subnet fi elds. For e xample, if the netw ork address is 128.1.0.0, the add ress 128.1.255.255 indi cates all hosts on netw ork 128.1.0.0, which w ould be a directed broadcast. If netw ork 128.1.0.0 has a [...]

Configuring IP Addr essing IP Addressing Examples IPC-61 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e Figur e 13 IP Helper Ad dr esses The follo wing e xample sho ws the conf iguration: ip forward-protocol udp ! interface ethernet 1 ip helper-address 10.44.23.7 interface ethernet 2 ip helper-address 192.168.1.19 NAT Configuration Examples The follo wing secti[...]

Configuri ng IP Addressi ng IP Addressing Examples IPC-62 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide ip nat inside source route-map provider1-map pool provider1-space ip nat inside source route-map provider2-map pool providere2-space ! interface Serial0/0 ip nat outside ! interface Serial0/1 ip nat outside ! route-map provider1-map permit 10 match ip address[...]

Configuring IP Addr essing IP Addressing Examples IPC-63 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e TCP Load Distribution Example In the follo wing e xample, the goal is to def ine a virtual address, connections to which are dist ribut ed among a set of real hosts. The pool defines the add r esses of the real hosts. The access list de f ines the virtual add[...]

Configuri ng IP Addressi ng IP Addressing Examples IPC-64 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide[...]

IPC-65 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide Configuring DHCP This chapter describes ho w to configure Dyn amic Host Conf iguration Protocol (DHCP). F or a complete description of the DHCP commands l isted in this chapter , refer to the “DH CP Commands” chapter of the Cisco IOS IP Command Refer ence, V olume 1 of 3: Addr essing and Services publicat[...]

Configuri ng DHCP DHCP Server Overview IPC-66 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide Figure 14 sho w s the basic steps that occur when a DHC P client requests an IP address from a DHCP Server . The client, Host A, sends a DHCPDISC O VER broadcast message to locate a Cisco IOS DHCP Server . A DHCP Serv er of fers conf iguration paramete rs (such as an IP [...]

Configuring DHCP DHCP Client Overview IPC-67 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e Using automatic IP address assignment at eac h re mote site substantially reduces Int ernet access costs. Static IP addresses are considerably more expensi v e to purchase than are aut omatically allocated IP addresses. • Reduced client conf iguration tasks an d cost s[...]

Configuri ng DHCP DHCP Configuration Task List IPC-68 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide DHCP Configuration Task List The DHCP Server database is organized as a tree. Th e root of the t ree is the address pool for n atural networks, branches are subnetw ork address pools , and lea ves are manual bin dings to clients. Subnetworks inheri t network para[...]

Configuring DHCP DHCP Configura tion Task List IPC-69 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e Configuring a DHCP Database Agent or Disabling DHCP Conflict Logging A DHCP database agent is any host—for example, an FTP , TFTP , or rcp serv er—that stores the DH CP bindings database. Y ou can configur e multiple DHCP da tabase agents and you can conf ig[...]

Configuri ng DHCP DHCP Configuration Task List IPC-70 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide Configuring the DHCP Addr ess Pool Subnet and Mask T o conf igure a subnet and mask for the ne wly created DHCP address pool, which contains the range of av ailable IP addresse s that the DHCP Serv er may a ssign to clients, use the follo wing command in DHCP poo[...]

Configuring DHCP DHCP Configura tion Task List IPC-71 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e Configuring the NetBIOS Node Type for the Client The NetBIOS node type for Microsoft DHCP clients can be one of four setti ngs: broadcast, peer -to-peer , mixed, or h ybrid. T o configure th e NetBIOS node type for a Microsoft DHCP , use the followin g command i[...]

Configuri ng DHCP DHCP Configuration Task List IPC-72 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide Manual bindings are IP addresses that hav e been manually mapped to the MA C addresses of hosts that are found in the DHCP database. Manual bindings are stored in NVRAM on the DHCP Serv er . Manual bindings are just special addr ess pools. There is no limit on th[...]

Configuring DHCP DHCP Configura tion Task List IPC-73 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e Configuring a DHCP Server Boot File The boot f ile is used to store the boot image for the client. The boot image is generally the operating system the client uses to load. T o specify a boot file for the DHCP client, use the follo w ing command in DHCP pool con[...]

Configuri ng DHCP DHCP Configuration Task List IPC-74 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide Configuring DHCP Server Options Import and Autoconfiguration The Cisco IOS DHCP server can dynamically conf ig ure options such as the DNS and WINS addresses to respond to DHCP requests from local clients behind the customer premises equipment (CPE). Pre viously [...]

Configuring DHCP Monitoring and Maintaining th e DHCP Server IPC-75 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e Configuring the Relay Agent Information Option in BOOTREPLY Messages T o conf igure the DH CP Server to v alidate the rel ay agent information optio n in forwarded BOO TREPL Y messages, use the follo wing command in global configur ation mode: Conf[...]

Configuri ng DHCP Configuration Examples IPC-76 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide T o enable DHCP Server deb ugging, use the follo wing command in privile ged EXEC mode: T o display DHCP Ser ver informatio n, use the follo wing commands in EXEC mode, as needed: Configuration Examples This section pro vides the follo wing configuratio n examp les: ?[...]

Configuring DHCP Configuration Example s IPC-77 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e DHCP Database Agent Configuration Example The follo wing e xample stores bindi ngs on host 172.16.4.253. The f ile transfer protocol i s FTP . The server should w ait 2 minutes (120 seconds) before writing dat abase changes. ip dhcp database ftp://user:password@172.16[...]

Configuri ng DHCP Configuration Examples IPC-78 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide Manual Bindings Configuration Example The follo wing exampl e creates a manual binding f or a client named Mars.cisco.com. The MA C address of the client is 02 c7.f800.0422 and the IP ad dress of the client is 172.1 6.2.254. ip dhcp pool Mars host 172.16.2.254 hardware[...]

Configuring DHCP Configuration Example s IPC-79 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e DHCP Server Options Import and Autoconfiguration Example The follo wing e xample sho ws a remote an d central server con figured t o support DHCP options imp ort and autoconfiguration. The central server is config ured to automatically update DHCP options, such as DNS[...]

Configuri ng DHCP Configuration Examples IPC-80 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide speed auto[...]

IPC-81 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide Configuring IP Services This chapter describe s how to conf igure optiona l IP services. For a complete descript ion of the IP services commands in this chap ter , refer to the “I P Services Commands” chapter of the Cisco IOS IP Command Refer ence, V olume 1 of 3: Addr essing and Services . T o locate doc[...]

Configuring IP Services Managing IP Connection s IPC-82 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide T o manage v arious aspects of IP co nnections, perf orm the op tional tasks descri bed in the follo wing sections: • Enabling ICMP Protocol Unreacha ble Messages (Optional) • Enabling ICMP Redirect Messages ( Optional) • Enabling ICMP Mask Reply Messages[...]

Configuring IP Services Managing IP Connections IPC-83 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e T o enable the send ing of ICMP redirect messages if t his feature was disabled, use t he follo wing command in interface configuration mode: Enabling ICMP Mask Reply Messages Occasionally , network de vices must kno w the subn et mask for a particul ar subnetw[...]

Configuring IP Services Managing IP Connection s IPC-84 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide because the 512-byte router is unable to forw ard it. Al l packets larger than 512 bytes are dropped in this case. The second router return s an ICMP destination unreachable message to the source of the da tagram with its Co de field i ndicating, “Fragmentat [...]

Configuring IP Services Managing IP Connections IPC-85 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e IP provid es a pro vision kno wn as sour ce r outing that allo ws the source IP host to specify a route th rough the IP network. Source rou ting is specif ied as an opti on in the IP header . If s ource routing is specified, the software forwards the pack et ac[...]

Configuring IP Services Managing IP Connection s IPC-86 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide T o conf igure and maintain the DRP Server Agent, pe rform the tasks described in th e follo wing section s. The task in th e first section is required ; the tasks in th e remaining sec tions are optio nal. • Enabling the DRP Server Agent (Requir ed) • Limi[...]

Configuring IP Services Filtering IP Packets Using Access Lists IPC-87 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e When config uring your ke y chains and k e ys, be aw are of the follo wing guidelin es: • The key chain conf igured for the DRP Server Agent in Step 1 must mat ch the ke y chain in Step 2. • The ke y conf igured in the primary ag ent in the [...]

Configuring IP Services Filtering IP Packets Using Access Lists IPC-88 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide 2. Apply the access list to interf aces or terminal lines. These and other tasks are descri bed in this section and are l abeled as required or optio nal. Either the f irst or second task is required, depend ing on whethe r you identify your acce[...]

Configuring IP Services Filtering IP Packets Using Access Lists IPC-89 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e T o create a standard access list, use the foll owing commands in global conf iguration mode: The Cisco IOS software can pro vide logging messages about packets permitted or denied by a standard IP access list. That is, any packet that matches t[...]

Configuring IP Services Filtering IP Packets Using Access Lists IPC-90 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide T o create an extended access list, use the fo llo wing commands in glob al configuration mode: Note The fragments keyw ord is descri bed in the Speci fying IP Extended Access Lists with Fragment Control section. After you create an access list, [...]

Configuring IP Services Filtering IP Packets Using Access Lists IPC-91 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e Note In a standard access list, if you omit the mask from an associat ed IP host address access list specificat ion, 0.0.0.0 is assumed to be the mask. Note Autonomous switching is not used when you ha ve extended access lists. After creating an[...]

Configuring IP Services Filtering IP Packets Using Access Lists IPC-92 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide T o create an extended access l ist, use the follo wing commands beginning in global conf iguratio n mode: Note Autonomous switching is not used when you ha ve extended access lists. Note The fragments keyw ord is descri bed in the Speci fying IP[...]

Configuring IP Services Filtering IP Packets Using Access Lists IPC-93 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e Note When making the standard and extended access list, remember that, by default, the end of the access list contains an implicit deny statemen t for e ver ything if it did not find a match befo re reaching the end. Further , with standard acce[...]

Configuring IP Services Filtering IP Packets Using Access Lists IPC-94 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide The behavior of access-list entries rega rding the presence or absence of the fragments keyword can be summarized as follo ws: Be aw are that you should not simply add th e fragments ke yword to e very access list entry because the first f ragmen[...]

Configuring IP Services Filtering IP Packets Using Access Lists IPC-95 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e The fragments ke yword can be applied to dynamic access list s also. Packet fragments of IP datagrams are considered in di vidual packets and each counts indi vidually as a packet in access list accounting and acce ss list violation co unts. Not[...]

Configuring IP Services Filtering IP Packets Using Access Lists IPC-96 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide Enabling Turbo Access Control Lists The T urbo A ccess Control Lists (T urbo ACL) featur e processes access lists more expediently than con v entional access l ists. This feature enables Cisco 7200 an d 7500 series rout ers, and Cisco 12 000 seri[...]

Configuring IP Services Filtering IP Packets Using Access Lists IPC-97 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e Verifying Turbo ACLs Use the show access-list compiled EXEC comma nd to verify that the T urbo A C L feature has been successfully configured on your ro uter . This command also displays the memory overhead of the T urbo A CL tables for each acc[...]

Configuring IP Services Filtering IP Packets Using Access Lists IPC-98 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide time-range command is described in the “Performing Basic System Man agement” chapter of the Cisco IOS Conf igur ation Fund amentals Conf igur ation Guide . See the “T ime Rang e Applied to an IP Access List Example” section at the end of [...]

Configuring IP Services Filtering IP Packets Using Access Lists IPC-99 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e Controlling Access to a Line or Interface After you create an access list, you can apply it to on e or more interfaces. Access lists can be applied on either outbound or inbound interfaces. This section describes guidelines on ho w to accomplish[...]

Configuring IP Services Configuring the Hot Standby Router Proto col IPC-100 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide Configuring the Hot Standby Router Protocol The Hot Standby Router Protocol (HSRP) provides high network av ailability because it routes IP traf f ic from hosts on Ethernet, FDDI, or T oken Ring networks withou t relying on the a v ailabili[...]

Configuring IP Services Configuring the Hot St andby Router Protocol IPC-101 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e Note The Cisco 1000 series, Cisco 2500 series, Cisco 3000 series, Cisco 400 0 series, and Cisco 4500 routers that use Lance Ethernet hardw are do not support multiple Hot Standb y groups on a single Ethernet interface. The Cisco 800 series[...]

Configuring IP Services Configuring the Hot Standby Router Proto col IPC-102 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide Configuring HSRP Group Attributes T o configure other Ho t Standby g roup attrib utes that af fect how the local ro uter participates in H SRP , use the follo wing commands in interf ace configuration mode as needed: Changing the HSRP MAC R[...]

Configuring IP Services Configuring the Hot St andby Router Protocol IPC-103 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e For e xamples of this feature, see th e section “ HSRP MA C Refresh Interval Examples ” at the end of this chapter . Enabling HSRP MIB Traps W ith Cisco IOS Release 12.0 (3)T , the softw are supports the HSRP Management MIB feature. HS[...]

Configuring IP Services Configuring the Hot Standby Router Proto col IPC-104 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide Each VPN is associated with one or more VPN routing/ forwarding (VRF) instances. A VRF consist s of the following elements: • IP routing table • Cisco Express Forwarding (CEF) table • Set of interfaces that use the CEF forwarding tabl[...]

Configuring IP Services Configuring the Hot St andby Router Protocol IPC-105 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e Verifying HSRP Support for MPLS VPNs The follo wing e xample sho ws how to use show EXEC commands to v erify that the HSRP virtual IP address is in the correct ARP and CEF tables: Router# show ip arp vrf vrf1 Protocol Address Age (min) Har[...]

Configuring IP Services Configuring the Hot Standby Router Proto col IPC-106 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide Figur e 1 8 N etwor k Supporting the HSR P ICMP Redir ection Filt er If the host want s to send a packet t o another host on Net D, then it f irst sends it to its def ault gate way , the virtual IP address of HS RP group 1. The follo wing i[...]

Configuring IP Services Configuring the Hot St andby Router Protocol IPC-107 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e Redirects to Passive HSRP Routers Redirects to passi ve HSRP routers are not permitted. Red undancy may be lost if hosts learn the real IP addresses of HSRP routers. In the previous e xample, redirects to router R8 are not allo wed because[...]

Configuring IP Services Configuring IP Acco unting IPC-108 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide The IP source address of an ICMP pa cket must match the gate way ad dre ss used by the host in the pac ket that triggered the ICMP packet, ot herwise the host will reject the ICMP redirect packet. An HSRP router uses the destinat ion MA C address to determin[...]

Configuring IP Services Configuring IP Accounting IPC-109 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e T o configure other IP account ing functions, use the follo wing commands in global confi guration mode, as needed: T o display IP access violations for a specif ic IP accounting database, use the following command in EXEC mode: T o display IP access vi olat[...]

Configuring IP Services Configuring TCP Performance Par ameters IPC-110 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide T o remo ve IP accounting based on the MA C address from the interface, use the no ip accounting mac-address command. Use the EXEC command show interfac e mac to display M A C ac counting information for interfaces confi gured for MA C accountin[...]

Configuring IP Services Configuring TCP Performance Parame ters IPC-111 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e Compressing TCP Packet Headers Y ou can compress the headers of your TCP/IP packets in order to reduce thei r size, thereby increasing performance. Header compre ssi on is particularly usefu l on networks with a l arge percentage of small packe[...]

Configuring IP Services Configuring TCP Performance Par ameters IPC-112 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide The CEF and fast-switchi ng aspects of the Express TC P Header Compression feature are related to these documents : • Cisco IOS Switchi ng Services Conf igur ation Guide • Cisco IOS Switchi ng Services Command Refer ence For informati on abo[...]

Configuring IP Services Configuring TCP Performance Parame ters IPC-113 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e T o enable Path MTU Disco very , use the following command in global conf iguration mode: Customers using TCP connecti ons to mov e b ulk data between systems on distinct subnets w ould benefit most b y enabling this feature. Customer s using r[...]

Configuring IP Services Configuring TCP Performance Par ameters IPC-114 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide Enabling TCP Time Stamp The TCP time-stamp option pro vides better TCP roun d-trip time measurements. Because the t ime stamps are always sent and echoed in both directions and the time -stamp value in the header is always changing, TCP header c[...]

Configuring IP Services Configuring IP over WANs IPC-115 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e Setting the TCP Outgoing Queue Size The default TCP out going queue size per connection is 5 se gments if the con nection has a TTY associated with it (like a T elnet co nnection). If no TTY connection is a ssociated with it, the default queue size is 20 segm[...]

Configuring IP Services Configuring the MultiNode Load Balancing Forw arding Agent IPC-116 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide Config ure the Forw arding Agent only if you are in stalling the MNLD Feature Set for LocalDirector . If you are installing the MNLD Feature Set for LocalDirector , refer to the MultiNode Lo ad Balancing F eatur e Set for Loca[...]

Configuring IP Services Configuring the MultiNo de Lo ad Balancing Forwarding Agent IPC-117 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e Enabling NetFlow Switching Y ou must enable NetFlo w switching on all interfaces that will carry ContentFlo w traf fic. T o enable NetFlow switching, use the follo wing command s beginning in interface conf iguration mode: N[...]

Configuring IP Services Monitoring and Main ta ining the IP Network IPC-118 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide See the “Conf iguring IP Multicast Routing ” chapter of this document for more infor mation on ho w to confi gure IP multicast routin g. Configuring the Router as a Forwarding Agent T o configure the rout er as a Fo rwarding Agent , use [...]

Configuring IP Services Monitoring and Maintaining the IP Network IPC-119 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e T o clear caches, tables, and databases, use the following commands in EXEC mode, as needed: Monitoring and Maintaining the DRP Server Agent T o monitor and mai ntain the DRP Server Ag ent, use the follo wing commands in EXEC mode: Clearing t[...]

Configuring IP Services IP Services Configuration Ex amples IPC-120 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide Monitoring the MNLB Forwarding Agent T o monitor the status of the Forw arding Agen t, use the follo wing co mmands in EXEC mode, as need ed: Monitoring and Maintaining HSRP Support for ICMP Redirect Messages T o disp lay the status of ICMP redirect[...]

Configuring IP Services IP Services Configuration Examp les IPC-121 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e • T ime Range Applied to an IP Access List Example • Commented IP Access List Entry Examples • IP Accounting Exampl e • HSRP Load Sharing Example • HSRP MA C Refresh Interv al Examples • HSRP MIB Trap Example • HSRP Support for MPLS V[...]

Configuring IP Services IP Services Configuration Ex amples IPC-122 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide ip address 128.9.1.2 transmit-interface ethernet 1 ! interface ethernet 1 ip address 128.9.1.2 ! !use show interfaces command to find router1-MAC-address-E1 arp 128.9.1.1 router1-MAC-address-E1 arpa DRP Server Agent Example The follo wing example en[...]

Configuring IP Services IP Services Configuration Examp les IPC-123 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e Turbo Access Control List Example The follo wing is a T urbo A CL configuration e xample. The access-list compiled global conf igurat ion command output indicates th at T urbo A CL is enabled. interface Ethernet2/7 no ip address ip access-group 20 [...]

Configuring IP Services IP Services Configuration Ex amples IPC-124 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide Extended Access List Examples In the follo wing e xample, the f irst line permits an y incoming TCP connections with destin ation ports greater than 1023. The second l ine permits incoming TCP connecti ons to the Simple Mail T ransfer Protocol (SMTP[...]

Configuring IP Services IP Services Configuration Examp les IPC-125 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e IP Extended Access List with Fragment Control Example The fir st statement will mat ch and deny only noninitial fragments destined for host 1.1.1.1. The second statement will match and permit only the remain ing nonfragmented and initial frag ments[...]

Configuring IP Services IP Services Configuration Ex amples IPC-126 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide deny tcp 171.69.0.0 0.0.255.255 any eq telnet IP Accounting Example The follo wing example enables IP accounting based on the source and dest ination MA C address and based on IP precedence for received and transmitted pack ets: interface Ethernet0/[...]

Configuring IP Services IP Services Configuration Examp les IPC-127 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e Router A Configuration hostname RouterA ! interface ethernet 0 ip address 10.0.0.1 255.255.255.0 standby 1 ip 10.0.0.3 standby 1 priority 110 standby 1 preempt standby 2 ip 10.0.0.4 standby 2 preempt Router B Configuration hostname RouterB ! interf[...]

Configuring IP Services IP Services Configuration Ex amples IPC-128 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide HSRP MIB Trap Example The follo wing e xample sho ws ho w to configure HSRP on t wo routers and enable the HSRP MIB trap feature. As in many en vironments, one router is preferred as the activ e one by conf igurin g it at a hig her priority le vel a[...]

Configuring IP Services IP Services Configuration Examp les IPC-129 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e Router PE1 Configuration configure terminal ! ip cef ! ip vrf vrf1 rd 100:1 route-target export 100:1 route-target import 100:1 ! interface ethernet0 ip vrf forwarding vrf1 ip address 10.2.0.1 255.255.0.0 standby 1 ip 10.2.0.20 standby 1 priority 1[...]

Configuring IP Services IP Services Configuration Ex amples IPC-130 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide ip address 1.0.0.11 255.0.0.0 standby redirects standby 1 priority 100 standby 1 preempt delay minimum 20 standby 1 ip 1.0.0.1 standby 2 priority 120 standby 2 preempt delay minimum 20 standby 2 ip 1.0.0.2 MNLB Forwarding Agent Examples This section[...]

Configuring IP Services IP Services Configuration Examp les IPC-131 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e service tcp-small-servers ! hostname FA2 ! ! microcode CIP flash slot0:cip26-5 microcode reload ip subnet-zero no ip domain-lookup ! ip cef distributed ip casa 206.10.20.34 224.0.1.2 forwarding-agent 1637 ! interface Ethernet0/0 ip address 172.26.5[...]

Configuring IP Services IP Services Configuration Ex amples IPC-132 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide mtu 0 1500 mtu 1 1500 mtu 2 1500 mtu 3 1500 multiring all no secure 0 no secure 1 no secure 2 no secure 3 ping-allow 0 ping-allow 1 ping-allow 2 ping-allow 3 ip address 172.26.56.19 255.255.255.248 route 172.26.10.249 255.255.255.255 172.26.56.20 1 [...]

IPC-133 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide Configuring Server Load Balancing This chapter describes ho w to configure the IOS Ser ver Load Bal ancing (SLB) feature. For a complete description of the SLB commands in t his chapter , refer to the “Server Load Balancing Commands” chapter of the Cisco IO S IP Command Reference, V olu me 1 of 3: Addres[...]

Configuring Server Load Balancing IOS SLB Functions and Capabilities IPC-134 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide Security of the real server is pr ovided because its add ress is nev er announced to the external network. Users are familiar onl y with the virtual IP addr ess. Y ou can filter unwa nted flo ws based on both IP address and TCP or UDP port [...]

Configuring Server Lo ad Balancing IOS SLB Functions and Capabilities IPC-135 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e • SynGuard • Dynamic Feedback Prot ocol for IOS SLB • Alternate I P Addresse s • T ransparent W eb C ache Balancing • NA T • Redundancy Enhancement—Stateless Backup Algorithms for Server Load Balancing IOS SLB provid es two [...]

Configuring Server Load Balancing IOS SLB Functions and Capabilities IPC-136 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide Port-Bound Servers When you def ine a virtual ser ver , you must specify the TCP or UDP port handled by th at virtual serv er . Howe ver , if you con f igure NA T on the server farm, you can also configure port -bound servers . Port-bound s[...]

Configuring Server Lo ad Balancing IOS SLB Functions and Capabilities IPC-137 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e Delayed Removal of TCP Connection Context Because of IP packet ordering anomalies, IOS SLB might “see ” the termination of a TCP connection (a fini sh [FIN] or reset [RST]) follo wed by other packets for t he connection. This problem [...]

Configuring Server Load Balancing IOS SLB Functions and Capabilities IPC-138 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide Dynamic Feedback Protocol for IOS SLB The IOS SLB Dynamic Feedback Protocol (DFP) is a mechanism that allo ws host agents in load-balan ced en vironments to dynami cally report th e change in status of the host systems that prov ide a virtu[...]

Configuring Server Lo ad Balancing Restrictio ns IPC-139 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e The main disadv antage of dispatched mode is that the virtual serv er IP address is not mo dif ied, which means that the real servers must be Layer 2 adjacent with the load balancer or int ervening routers may not be able to route to the chosen real server . [...]

Configuring Server Load Balancing IOS SLB Configuration Task List IPC-140 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide • Does not support coordinating serv er load-bal ancing stat istics among dif ferent IOS SLB instances for backup capability . • Supports FTP only in dispatched mode. • Does not support l oad balancing of fl ow s between cl ients and rea[...]

Configuring Server Lo ad Balancing IOS SLB Configuration Task List IPC-141 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e • Enabling the Real Serv er for Service (Required) • Specifying a V irtual Serv er (Required) • Associating a V irtual Serv er with a Server F a rm (Required) • Config uring V irtual Serv er Attrib utes (Required) • Adjusting V irt[...]

Configuring Server Load Balancing IOS SLB Configuration Task List IPC-142 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide Specifying a Bind ID T o conf igure a bind ID on the server fa rm for use by DFP , use the follo wing command in SLB server farm conf iguration mode: Specifying a Real Server A server farm comprises a number of real serv ers. The real servers [...]

Configuring Server Lo ad Balancing IOS SLB Configuration Task List IPC-143 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e Enabling the Real Server for Service T o place the real server into serv ice, use the follo wing command in SL B real serv er configuration mode: Specifying a Virtual Server T o specify a virtual server , use the follo wing command in global[...]

Configuring Server Load Balancing IOS SLB Configuration Task List IPC-144 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide Adjusting Virtual Server Values T o change the default settings of t he virtual serv er v alues, use the following commands in SLB virtual server conf iguration mode as needed: Preventing Advertisement of Virtual Server Address By default, vir[...]

Configuring Server Lo ad Balancing IOS SLB Configuration Task List IPC-145 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e Configuring IOS SLB Dynamic Feedback Protocol T o configure IOS SLB DFP , use the follo wing commands b eginni ng in global conf igurati on mode: Configuring NAT T o configure IOS SLB N A T mode for a specific server f arm, use the follo win[...]

Configuring Server Load Balancing IOS SLB Configuration Task List IPC-146 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide HSRP uses a priority scheme to determine whi ch HS RP-conf igured Layer 3 switch is to be th e default activ e Layer 3 switch. T o configure a Layer 3 switch as activ e, you assi gn it a priority hig her than that of all other HSRP-conf igured[...]

Configuring Server Lo ad Balancing IOS SLB Configuration Task List IPC-147 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e Step 7 Customize group attributes. See the “Customizing Gro up Attrib utes” section earlier in this ch apter . Step 8 V erify the IOS SLB HSRP co nfigu ration. See the “V erifying the IOS SLB Stat eless Back up Config uration” sectio[...]

Configuring Server Load Balancing IOS SLB Configuration Task List IPC-148 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide VS1 TCP 10.10.10.12:23 INSERVICE 2 VS2 TCP 10.10.10.18:23 INSERVICE 2 Router# show ip slb vservers detail VS1, state = INSERVICE, v_index = 10 virtual = 10.10.10.12:23, TCP, service = NONE, advertise = TRUE server farm = SERVERGROUP1, delay = [...]

Configuring Server Lo ad Balancing IOS SLB Configuration Task List IPC-149 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e h. Restart the connection, after w aiting no longer than the stick y timeout v alue. i. Enter the show ip slb conns EXEC command ag ain. j. Examine the real server connection counts again, and ve rify that th e sticky conn ection is assigned[...]

Configuring Server Load Balancing IOS SLB Configuration Task List IPC-150 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide Troubleshooting IOS SLB Ta b l e 6 lists questions and answers that can help you tro ubleshoot IOS S LB. T able 6 IOS SLB T roub leshooting Guidelines Question Answer Why can I connect to real servers directly , b ut not to the virtual serv er[...]

Configuring Server Lo ad Balancing Monitoring and Maintaining IOS SLB IPC-151 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e Monitoring and Maintaining IOS SLB T o obtain and display run-time informat ion about IOS SLB, use the follo wing commands in EXEC mode as needed: Configuration Examples This section pro vides the follo wing IOS SLB configuratio n examp l[...]

Configuring Server Load Balancing Configuration Examples IPC-152 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide IOS SLB Network Configuration Example This section pro vides a conf igurat ion example based on the network l ayout sho wn in Figure 24 . Figur e 24 IOS SLB Networ k Configuration As sho wn in the follo wing sample code, the example topo logy has three[...]

Configuring Server Lo ad Balancing Configuration Example s IPC-153 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e ip slb vservers PUBLIC_HTTP Unrestricted Web virtual server virtual 10.0.0.1 tcp www Handle HTTP requests serverfarm PUBLIC Use public Web server farm inservice ip slb vservers RESTRICTED_HTTP Restricted HTTP virtual server virtual 10.0.0.1 tcp www [...]

Configuring Server Load Balancing Configuration Examples IPC-154 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide • Server 4 has multi ple HTTP serv er applications listenin g on ports 8080, 8081, and 8082. Servers 1 and 2 are load balanced using Switch A, which is pe rforming serv er address translation. Servers 3 and 4 are load balanced using Switches B and C.[...]

Configuring Server Lo ad Balancing Configuration Example s IPC-155 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e real 10.4.1.1 port 8082 inservice ! ip slb vservers HTTP2 ! Handle HTTP (port 80) requests virtual 128.4.0.1 tcp www serverfarm FARM2 inservice HSRP Configuration Example Figure 26 sho ws the topology of an IP network w ith two Layer 3 switches conf[...]

Configuring Server Load Balancing Configuration Examples IPC-156 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide Figure 26 HSRP Example Networ k T opology The configuration for De vice A is as follo ws: hostname Device A interface GigabitEthernet 41 ip address 1.0.0.1 255.0.0.0 standby 1 ip 1.0.0.3 standby 1 preempt standby 1 priority 110 standby 1 authentication[...]

Configuring Server Lo ad Balancing Configuration Example s IPC-157 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e standby 1 timers 5 15 standby 1 name Web-Group interface FastEthernet 41 ip address 2.0.0.1 255.0.0.0 router eigrp 1 network 1.0.0.0 network 2.0.0.0 The standby ip interface configuration command enables HSRP and establishes 1.0.0.3 as the IP addres[...]

Configuring Server Load Balancing Configuration Examples IPC-158 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide[...]

IPC-159 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide Configuring Mobile IP This chapter d escribes how to configure Mobile IP . For a comple te descriptio n of the Mobile IP commands in this chapter , refer to the “Mobile IP Co mmands” chapter of the Cisco IOS IP Command Refer ence, V olume 1 of 3: Addr essing and Services . T o locate documentation of oth[...]

Configuri ng Mobile IP Mobile IP Overview IPC-160 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide IP routing decision s are based on the network pref ix of the IP address to be scal able for the Internet. All nodes on the same link share a common network pr ef ix . If a node mov es to another link, t he network pref ix does not equal th e network pref ix on the n[...]

Configuring Mobile IP How Mobile IP Works IPC-161 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e Figur e 27 Mobile IP Components and Relationships An MN is a node, for e xample, a PD A, a laptop comp uter , or a data-ready cell ular phone, that can change its point of attachmen t from one network or subnet to another . This node can maint ain ongoing communicat[...]

Configuri ng Mobile IP How Mobile IP Works IPC-162 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide If an MN determines that it is connected to a foreign link, it acquires a care-of address . T wo types of care-of addresses exist: • F A care-of address • Collocated ca re-of ad dress An F A care-of address is a temporary , loaned IP address that the MN acqu ire[...]

Configuring Mobile IP How Mobile IP Works IPC-163 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e Figur e 28 Mobile IP T ypical P ac k et Forw arding Mobile IP Security Mobile IP pro vides the follo wing guidel ines on security between its component s: • Communication between MN and HA must be authenticated. • Communication between MN and F A can optionally [...]

Configuri ng Mobile IP How Mobile IP Works IPC-164 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide This authentication p rocess begi ns when a MN send s the regist ration request. Th e MN adds the time stamp, computes the message digest, and appends the MHAE to the registration request. The HA recei ves the requ est, checks that the time stamp is v alid, computes[...]

Configuring Mobile IP How Mobile IP Works IPC-165 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e Storing SAs on AAA A AAA server can store a lar ge number of SAs and scal e well for f uture SA storage. It can accommodate not only the SAs for MN-HA aut horization, b ut SAs for authorizati on between other Mobile IP components as well. Storing all SAs in a centra[...]

Configuri ng Mobile IP Prerequisites IPC-166 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide For MNs on virtual networks, the active and standby HAs are peers—e it h er HA ca n h and le r e gi str a ti o n requests from the MN and update the mobility binding table on the peer HA. When a standby HA comes up, it must request all mo bil ity binding in formation fr[...]

Configuring Mobile IP Mobile IP Conf iguration Ta sk List IPC-167 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e Because Mobile IP requires support on the host de vice, each mobile node must be appropriatel y configured for t he desired Mobile IP service with client software. Plea se refer to the manual entri es in your mobile a ware IP stack v endor documentat[...]

Configuri ng Mobile IP Mobile IP Configuration Task List IPC-168 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide Enabling Foreign Agent Services Foreign agent services need to be enabled on a router attached to any subnet into whi ch a mobile node may be roaming. Therefore, you n eed to conf igure foreign agent fun ctionality on routers connected to conference ro[...]

Configuring Mobile IP Mobile IP Conf iguration Ta sk List IPC-169 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e Configuring RADIUS in the Mobile IP Environment Remote Authentication Dial-in User Service (RA DIUS) is a method fo r def ining the e xchange of AAA information in the netw ork. In the Cisco implementation, RADIUS clients run on Cisco r outers and se[...]

Configuri ng Mobile IP Mobile IP HA Redundanc y Configuration T ask List IPC-170 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide Monitoring and Maintaining Mobile IP T o monitor and maintain Mobile IP , use any of the foll o wing EXEC commands: Shutting Down Mobile IP T o shut down Mobil e IP , use the following commands in global co nf iguration mode: Mobile IP [...]

Configuring Mobile IP Mobile IP HA Redunda ncy Configuration Task List IPC-171 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e • Enabling HSRP (Required) • Enabling HA Redundan cy for a Physi cal Network (Requi red) Depending on your network conf iguration , perform one of the opt ional tasks described in the f ollo wing sections: • Enabling HA Redundan cy[...]

Configuri ng Mobile IP Mobile IP HA Redundanc y Configuration T ask List IPC-172 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide Enabling HA Redundancy for a Physical Network T o enable HA redundancy for a p hysical netw ork, use follo wing commands beginning in interface confi guration mode: Enabling HA Redundancy for a Virtual Ne twork Using One Physical Networ[...]

Configuring Mobile IP Mobile IP HA Redunda ncy Configuration Task List IPC-173 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e Enabling HA Redundancy for a Virtual Network Using Multiple Physical Networks T o enable HA redundancy for a v irtual network us ing multiple ph ysical network s, use the follo wing commands beginn ing in interf ace conf iguration mo de:[...]

Configuri ng Mobile IP Mobile IP HA Redundanc y Configuration T ask List IPC-174 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide Enabling HA Redundancy for Multiple Virtual Networks Using One Physical Network T o enable HA redundancy for mul tiple virtual netw or ks using one phy sical network, u se the follo wing commands beginn ing in interf ace conf iguration [...]

Configuring Mobile IP Mobile IP HA Redunda ncy Configuration Task List IPC-175 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e Verifying HA Redundancy T o verify that the Mobile IP Home Agent Redundan cy feature i s conf igured correctl y on the router , perform the follo wing steps: Step 1 Enter the show ip mobile glo bals EXEC command. Step 2 Examine global in[...]

Configuri ng Mobile IP Mobile IP Configuration Examples IPC-176 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide Monitoring and Maintaining HA Redundancy T o monitor and maintain HA redundancy , use th e followi ng commands in EXEC mode, as need ed: Mobile IP Configuration Examples This section pro vides the follo wing Mobile IP configuratio n examp les: • Home [...]

Configuring Mobile IP Mobile IP Config uration Examp les IPC-177 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e ! ! The next ten lines specify security associations for mobile hosts ! on virtual network 10.0.0.0 ! ip mobile secure host 10.0.0.1 spi 100 key hex 12345678123456781234567812345678 ip mobile secure host 10.0.0.2 spi 200 key hex 8765432187654321876543[...]

Configuri ng Mobile IP Mobile IP Configuration Examples IPC-178 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide aaa new-model aaa authorization ipmobile radius ! ip mobile home-agent ip mobile virtual-network 20.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 ip mobile host 20.0.0.1 20.0.0.3 virtual-network 20.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 aaa load-sa ! radius-server host 1.2.3.4 radius-server key cisco Fore[...]

Configuring Mobile IP Mobile IP Config uration Examp les IPC-179 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e V irtual n etwork Mult iple ip mobile home-agent addr ess addr e ss In this conf iguration , addr ess is the loopback interface ad dress. ip mobile home-agent standby hsrp-gr o up-name1 virtual-network ip mobile home-agent standby hsrp-gr o up-name2 v[...]

Configuri ng Mobile IP Mobile IP Configuration Examples IPC-180 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide HA Redundancy for Physi cal Networks Example Figure 30 sho ws an example network topology for physical networks. The configuration example supports home agents that are on the s ame or a dif ferent ph ysical network as the mobi le node. Multiple virt ua[...]

Configuring Mobile IP Mobile IP Config uration Examp les IPC-181 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e Figur e 30 T opolog y Sho wing HA Redund anc y on a Ph ysical Networ k HA1 is fav ored to provide home agent service for mobile nodes on physical network e0 because the priority is set to 110, which is abov e the def ault of 100. HA1 will preempt any [...]

Configuri ng Mobile IP Mobile IP Configuration Examples IPC-182 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide HA2 Configuration interface ethernet0 ip address 1.0.0.2 255.0.0.0 standby ip 1.0.0.10 standby name SanJoseHA ip mobile home-agent standby SanJoseHA ip mobile secure home-agent 1.0.0.1 spi 100 key hex 00112233445566778899001122334455 HA Redundancy for a[...]

Configuring Mobile IP Mobile IP Config uration Examp les IPC-183 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e Mobile Node and Home Age nt on Same Subnet In this e xample, a loopback address is conf igured on the HA to be on the same subnet as the virt ual network. A mobile node on a virtual network uses th e HA IP address=loopb ack address conf igured for the[...]

Configuri ng Mobile IP Mobile IP Configuration Examples IPC-184 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide Mobile nodes are conf igured with a home ag ent address 10.0.0.10. When r egi strations come in, either home agent processes them (depend ing on routing pr otocols) and updates th e peer home agent. The home agent that receiv es the regist ration finds [...]

Configuring Mobile IP Mobile IP Config uration Examp les IPC-185 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e ip mobile secure home-agent 1.0.0.1 spi 100 key hex 00112233445566778899001122334455 ip mobile secure home-agent 2.0.0.1 spi 100 key hex 00112233445566778899001122334455 Mobile Node and Home Age nt on Same Subnet In this e xample, a loopback address i[...]

Configuri ng Mobile IP Mobile IP Configuration Examples IPC-186 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide HA Redundancy for Multiple Virtual Networks Using One Physical Network Example This section presents tw o conf iguration e xamples: • The mobile no de and home ag ent are on different subnets. • The mobile no de and home ag ent are on the sa me subn[...]

Configuring Mobile IP Mobile IP Config uration Examp les IPC-187 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e Figur e 32 T opolog y Sho wing HA Redundanc y on Mu ltiple V irt ual Netw or ks Using One Ph ysical Networ k (Same Subnet) Mobile Node and Home Ag ent on Different Subnets HA1 and HA2 share responsibilit y for prov iding home agent ser vice for mobile[...]

Configuri ng Mobile IP Mobile IP Configuration Examples IPC-188 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide standby ip 1.0.0.10 standby name SanJoseHA ! specifies global HA address=HSRP group address to be used by all mobile nodes ip mobile home-agent address 1.0.0.10 ip mobile virtual-network 20.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 ip mobile virtual-network 30.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 ! [...]

Configuring Mobile IP Mobile IP Config uration Examp les IPC-189 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e HA Redundancy for Multiple Virtual Networks Using Multiple Physical Networks Example This section presents tw o conf iguration e xamples: • The mobile no de and home ag ent are on different subnets. • The mobile no de and home ag ent are on the sa[...]

Configuri ng Mobile IP Mobile IP Configuration Examples IPC-190 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide Note All routers must ha ve identical loopback interf ace addresses, which will be used as the gl obal HA address. Ho we ver , do not use this address as the router ID for routing protocols. When the peer home agent receiv es the registration u pdate, b[...]

Configuring Mobile IP Mobile IP Config uration Examp les IPC-191 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e Mobile Node and Home Age nt on Same Subnet For each vi rtual network, a loopb ack address is conf ig ured on the HA to be on the same subnet as the virtual network. It is on ly necessary to configure one lo opback interface and assign dif ferent IP ad[...]

Configuri ng Mobile IP Mobile IP Configuration Examples IPC-192 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide ip mobile virtual-network 30.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 address 30.0.0.1 ip mobile virtual-network 40.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 address 40.0.0.1 ! used to map to the HSRP groups SanJoseHANet1 and SanJoseHANet2 ip mobile home-agent standby SanJoseHANet1 virtual-network ip mo[...]

IP Routing P r otocols[...]

[...]

IPC-195 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide Configuring On-Demand Routing This chapter describes how to conf igure On-Demand Routing (ODR). F or a complete description of th e ODR commands in this chapter , refer to the “On-Demand Routing Commands” chap ter of the Cisco IOS IP Command Refer ence, V olume 2 of 3: Routing Pr otocols publ ication. T [...]

Configuring On-Demand Routing IPC-196 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide T o identify the har dware platform or softw are imag e information associated with a feature, use the Feature Na vigator on Cisco.com to search for inform ation about the feature or refer to the software release notes for a specifi c release. For more info rmation , see the “[...]

Configuring On-D emand Routing IPC-197 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e Filtering ODR Information The hub router wil l attempt to populat e the IP routing table with ODR routes as the y are learned dynamically from stub routers. The IP next hop for these routes is the IP ad dress of the neighboring router as advertised through CDP . Use IP fil ter[...]

Configuring On-Demand Routing IPC-198 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide Other CDP features are described in the Cisco IOS Conf igur ation Fundamenta ls Conf igur ation Guide , in the “Monitoring the Router and Netw ork” chapter . Using ODR with Dialer Mappings For interf aces that specify dialer mappings, CDP p ackets will make use of dialer map[...]

IPC-199 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide Configuring Routing Information Protocol This chapter describes ho w to configure Rou ting Info rmation Protocol (RIP). For a complete descri ption of the RIP commands that appear in this chapter , refer to the “RIP Commands” chapter of the Cisco IOS IP Command Refer ence, V olume 2 of 3: Routi ng Pr oto[...]

Configuring Routing Information Protocol RIP Configuration Task List IPC-200 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide T o identify the har dware platform or softw are imag e information associated with a feature, use the Feature Na vigator on Cisco.com to search for inform ation about the feature or refer to the software release notes for a specifi c relea[...]

Configuring Routing Info rmation Protocol RIP Configuration Task List IPC-201 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e Allowing Unicast Updates for RIP Because RIP is normally a broadcast proto col, in order for RI P routing updates to reach n onbroadcast networks, you must conf igure the Cisco IOS software to permit this exchang e of routing informatio n[...]

Configuring Routing Information Protocol RIP Configuration Task List IPC-202 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide T o adjust the timers, use the follo wing command in router conf iguration mod e: See the “ Address Family T imers Example ” section at the end of this ch apter for examples of adjusting timers for an address family (VRF). Specifying a [...]

Configuring Routing Info rmation Protocol RIP Configuration Task List IPC-203 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e Enabling RIP Authentication RIP V ersion 1 does not support authentication. If you are sending and receiving RIP V ersion 2 packets, you can enable RIP authen tication on an interface. The key chain determines the set of ke ys that can be[...]

Configuring Routing Information Protocol RIP Configuration Task List IPC-204 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide • As specifically conf igured, adver tisi ng a summarized local IP address pool on th e specifi ed interface (on a network access server) so that the addres s pool can be provided t o dialup clients. Automatic summary addressing al ways s[...]

Configuring Routing Info rmation Protocol RIP Configuration Task List IPC-205 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e Restrictions to RIP Route Summarization Supernet advert isement (adv ertising an y network pref ix less than its classful major network) is not allo wed in RIP route summar ization, other than adver tising a supernet learned in the rou ti[...]

Configuring Routing Information Protocol RIP Configuration Task List IPC-206 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide Invalid after 180 seconds, hold down 180, flushed after 240 Outgoing update filter list for all interfaces is Incoming update filter list for all interfaces is Redistributing: rip Default version control: send version 2, receive version 2 I[...]

Configuring Routing Info rmation Protocol RIP Configuration Task List IPC-207 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e Disabling the Validation of Source IP Addresses By default, the softw are vali dates the source IP ad dress of incoming RIP routing updates. If that source address is not v alid, th e software di scards the routing upd ate. Y ou might wa [...]

Configuring Routing Information Protocol RIP Configuration Task List IPC-208 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide Configuring Interpacket Delay By default, the so ftware adds no delay between pa ckets in a multiple-pac ket RIP update being sent. If you ha ve a high-end ro uter sending to a lo w-speed router , you might want to add such in terpacket del[...]

Configuring Routing Info rmation Protocol RIP Configuration Task List IPC-209 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e T o display the contents of the RIP pri v ate database, use the f ollo wing command in EXEC mode: RIP Configuration Examples The follo wing section provides RIP configuration e xamples: • Route Summarization Examples, page 209 • Split[...]

Configuring Routing Information Protocol RIP Configuration Task List IPC-210 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide Example 2: Incorrect Configuration The follo wing e xample sho ws an illegal use of the ip summary-address ri p router conf iguration command, because both addresses to b e summarize d hav e the same major ne twork. Each route summarization[...]

Configuring Routing Info rmation Protocol RIP Configuration Task List IPC-211 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e Figur e 35 Disabled Spli t Horiz on Example for Fr ame Relay Networ k In this ex ample, split horizon is di sabled on all serial interf aces. Ho we v er , split horizon must be disabled on Router C in order for net work 128.125.0.0 to be [...]

Configuring Routing Information Protocol RIP Configuration Task List IPC-212 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide Address Family Timers Example The follo wing e xample sho ws ho w to adjust indiv idual address family timers. Note that the address f amily “notus ingtimers” will use the syst em defaults of 30, 180, 180, and 240 e ven though timer v a[...]

IPC-213 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide Configuring IGRP This chapter describes ho w to confi gure the Interior Gate way Routing Protocol (IGRP). F or a complete description of the IGRP commands in this chapte r , refer to the “IGRP Commands” chapter of the Cisco IOS IP Command Refer ence , V olume 2 of 3: Routing Pr otocols . T o locate docum[...]

Configuring IGRP IGRP Configuration Task List IPC-214 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide Figure 36 Inter ior , Syst em, and Exter ior Routes IGRP Updates By default, a router running IG RP sends an update broadca st e very 90 seconds. It declares a route inaccessible if it does not rece i ve an update from the f irst router in the route within three [...]

Configuring IGRP IGRP Config uration Task List IPC-215 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e • Disabling Hold do wn (Optional) • Enforcing a Maximum Netw ork Diameter (Optional) • V alidating Source IP Addresses (Optional) • Enabling or Disabling Split Horizon (Optional) Also see the examples in the “IGRP Conf iguration Examples” section at[...]

Configuring IGRP IGRP Configuration Task List IPC-216 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide T o control the set of interfaces with which you want to e xchange routing upda tes, you can disable the sending of routing upd ates on specif ied interfaces b y conf iguring the pa ssiv e-interf ace router confi guration command. See the d iscussion on f ilterin[...]

Configuring IGRP IGRP Config uration Task List IPC-217 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e T o control ho w traff ic is distrib uted among multiple routes of uneq ual cost, use the follo wing command in router configuration mode: Adjusting the IGRP Metric Weights Y ou ha ve the o ption of altering the def ault beha vior of IGRP r outing and metric co[...]

Configuring IGRP IGRP Configuration Task List IPC-218 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide T o adjust the timers, use the follo wing command in router conf iguration mod e: Disabling Holddown When the Cisco IOS software l earns that a netw ork is at a greater dist ance than was pre viously known, or it learns the network is down, the route to that netw[...]

Configuring IGRP IGRP Configuration Examples IPC-219 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e Enabling or Disabling Split Horizon Normally , routers that are connected to broadcast-type IP networks and that use distance-vector routing protocols emplo y the split horizon mechanism to reduce the possibility of rou ting loops. Split h orizon blocks informati[...]

Configuring IGRP IGRP Configuration Examples IPC-220 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide IGRP Feasible Successor Relationship Example In Figure 37 , the assigned metrics meet the conditions re quired for a feasible su ccessor relationship, so the paths in this e xample can be included i n ro uting tables and be used for load balancin g. Figur e 37 Ass[...]

Configuring IGRP IGRP Configuration Examples IPC-221 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e Figur e 38 Disabled Sp lit Hor izon Example In this e xample, split horizon must b e disabled in order f or network 128.125 .0.0 to be adv ertised into network 131.108.0.0, and vice versa. These subnets ov erlap at Router C, serial interface 0. If split horizon w[...]

Configuring IGRP IGRP Configuration Examples IPC-222 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide[...]

IPC-223 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide Configuring OSPF This chapter describes ho w to conf igure Open Shortest P ath First (OSPF). F or a complete description of the OSPF commands in this chapter , refe r to the “OSPF Commands” chapter of the Cisco IOS IP Command Refer ence, V olume 2 of 3: Routi ng Pr otocols publication. T o locate documen[...]

Configuring OSPF OSPF Configuration Task List IPC-224 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide • V irtual links—V irtual links are sup ported. • Not so stubb y area (NSSA)—RFC 1587. • OSPF ov er demand circuit—RFC 1793. OSPF Configuration Task List OSPF typically requires coor dination among man y internal routers: Area Border Router s (ABRs), [...]

Configuring OSPF Enabling OSPF IPC-225 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e Enabling OSPF As with other routing protocol s, enabling OSPF requi res that you create an OSPF routing process, specify the range of IP addresses to be associated with the routing pr ocess, a nd assign area IDs to be associated with that range of IP addresses. T o do so, use [...]

Configuring OSPF Configuring OSPF over D ifferent Physic al Networks IPC-226 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide Configuring OSPF over Different Physical Networks OSPF classif ies dif ferent media into the fo llo wing three types of netw orks by default: • Broadcast networks (Ethernet, T oken Rin g, and FDDI) • Nonbroadcast multiaccess (NBMA) netw[...]

Configuring OSPF Configuring OSPF over Different Physic al Networks IPC-227 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e T o conf igure your OSPF network t ype, use the follo wing command in interface conf igurat ion mode: See the “ OSPF Point-to-Mul tipoint Example ” section at the end of this chapter for an example of an OSPF point-to-multipoint netw or[...]

Configuring OSPF Configuring OSPF Area Parameters IPC-228 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide These parameters need only be conf igured in those de vices that are themselves eligible to become the designated ro uter or backup de signated router (in o ther words, routers with a non zero router priority va lu e ) . T o configure routers that interconnec[...]

Configuring OSPF Configuring OSPF NSSA IPC-229 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e Stub ar eas are areas into which information on e xternal routes is not sent. Instead, there is a def ault external rou te generated by t he ABR, into the stub area for destinations outs ide the autonomous system. T o take adva ntage of the OSPF stub area support, defa[...]

Configuring OSPF Configuring Route Summarization Between O SPF Areas IPC-230 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide T o control summarization and f iltering of t ype 7 LS As into type 5 LSAs, use the foll ow ing command in router configuration mo de on the ABR: Implementation Considerations Ev aluate the follo wing considerations befor e you implement th[...]

Configuring OSPF Creating Virtual Links IPC-231 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e T o have the sof tware adv ertise one summar y route for all redistrib uted rout es cov ered b y a network address and mask, use the foll o wing command in router con fi guration mode: Creating Virtual Links In OSPF , all areas must be connected to a backbone area. If[...]

Configuring OSPF Configuring Look up of DNS Names IPC-232 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide Configuring Lookup of DNS Names Y ou can confi gure OSPF to look up Domain Na ming System (DNS) names for use in all OSPF show EXEC command displays. This feature makes it easi e r to identify a router , beca use the router is displayed by name rath er than b[...]

Configuring OSPF Changing the OSPF Ad ministrative Distances IPC-233 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e Changing the OSPF Administrative Distances An administrati v e distance is a rating of the trustw orthiness of a routing informati on source, such as an indi vidual rout er or a group of rout ers. Numerically , an administrati ve distance is an in[...]

Configuring OSPF Configuring OSPF over On-Dema nd Circuits IPC-234 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide Configuring OSPF over On-Demand Circuits The OSPF on-demand circuit is an enhancement t o the OSPF protocol th at allo ws efficient operation ov er on-demand circuits li ke ISDN, X.25 switched virtual circuits (SVCs), an d dialup lines. This feature [...]

Configuring OSPF Logging Neighbors Go ing Up or Down IPC-235 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e Implementation Considerations Ev aluate the follo wing considerations befor e implementing this feature: • Because LSAs that include topol ogy changes are flooded o v er an on-demand circuit, we recommend that you put demand circui ts within OSPF st ub [...]

Configuring OSPF Changing the LSA Grou p Pacing IPC-236 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide OSPF LSA group pacing is enabled by def ault. For t ypical customers, the def au lt group pacing interv al for refreshing, checksumming, an d aging is appropri ate and you need not co nfi gure this feature. Original LSA Behavior Each OSPF LSA has an age, which [...]

Configuring OSPF Blocking OSPF LSA Flooding IPC-237 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e Figure 40 OSPF LSAs on Indi vidual Timers with Gr oup P acing The group pacing interv al is inv ersely p roportional to t he number of LSAs the ro uter is refreshing, checksumming, and aging. F or e xample, if you ha ve approximately 10,000 LSAs, decreasing the pa[...]

Configuring OSPF Reducing LSA Flooding IPC-238 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide On point-to-multipoint netw orks, to pre vent floo ding of OSPF LSAs, use the follo w ing command in router configuration mo de: For an e xample of blocking LSA flooding, see the section “ Block LSA Floo ding Example ” at the end of this chapter . Reducing LSA Flood[...]

Configuring OSPF Displaying OSPF Update Packe t Pacing IPC-239 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e Displaying OSPF Update Packet Pacing The former OSPF implementation for sending update packet s needed to be more ef ficient. Some update packets were getting lost in cases where the link wa s slo w , a neighbor could not recei ve t he updates quickly e[...]

Configuring OSPF Monitoring and Maintaining OSPF IPC-240 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide Monitoring and Maintaining OSPF Y ou can display spec ifi c statisti cs such as the cont ents of IP routing tables, caches, and databases. Information pro vided can be used to determine r eso urce utilization and sol ve netw ork problems. Y ou can also display[...]

Configuring OSPF OSPF Configuration Examples IPC-241 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e T o restart an OSPF process, use the follo wing command in EXEC mode: OSPF Configuration Examples The follo wing sections pro vide OSPF conf iguration e xamples: • OSPF Point-to-Multipoint Example • OSPF Point-to-Multipoint, Broadcast Example • OSPF Point-t[...]

Configuring OSPF OSPF Configuration Examples IPC-242 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide Figur e 41 OSPF P o int-t o-Multipoint Example Mollie Configuration hostname mollie ! interface serial 1 ip address 10.0.0.2 255.0.0.0 ip ospf network point-to-multipoint encapsulation frame-relay frame-relay map ip 10.0.0.1 201 broadcast frame-relay map ip 10.0.0[...]

Configuring OSPF OSPF Configuration Examples IPC-243 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e Jelly Configuration hostname jelly ! interface serial 2 ip address 10.0.0.3 255.0.0.0 ip ospf network point-to-multipoint encapsulation frame-relay clock rate 2000000 frame-relay map ip 10.0.0.2 301 broadcast ! router ospf 1 network 10.0.0.0 0.0.0.255 area 0 OSPF[...]

Configuring OSPF OSPF Configuration Examples IPC-244 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide U - per-user static route, o - ODR Gateway of last resort is not set C 1.0.0.0/8 is directly connected, Loopback0 10.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 4 subnets, 2 masks O 10.0.1.3/32 [110/100] via 10.0.1.3, 00:39:08, Serial0 C 10.0.1.0/24 is directly connected, Seri[...]

Configuring OSPF OSPF Configuration Examples IPC-245 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e In the following e xample, a 30-bit subnet mask is used, leaving two bi ts of address space reserv ed for serial line host addresses. Th ere is suff icient host address space for two host endpoints on a point-to-point serial link . interface ethernet 0 ip address[...]

Configuring OSPF OSPF Configuration Examples IPC-246 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide Basic OSPF Configuration Example fo r Internal Router, ABR, and ASBRs The follo wing e xample illustrates th e assignment of four area IDs to four IP address ranges. In the example, OSPF r outing process 109 is initialized, and four OSPF areas are def ined: 10.9.5[...]

Configuring OSPF OSPF Configuration Examples IPC-247 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e Figur e 42 Sample OSPF A ut onomous S ystem Netw or k Map In this conf iguration, f iv e routers are conf igured with OSPF: • Router A and Router B are both internal r outers wit hin area 1. • Router C is an OSPF ABR. Note that for Router C, Area 1 is assigne[...]

Configuring OSPF OSPF Configuration Examples IPC-248 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide Note It is not necessary to include definit ions of all areas in an OSPF autonomous system in the confi guration of all routers in the autonomous system. Y ou must only def ine the dir ectly connected areas. In the example that follo ws, routes in area 0 are learn[...]

Configuring OSPF OSPF Configuration Examples IPC-249 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e router bgp 109 network 131.108.0.0 network 10.0.0.0 neighbor 11.0.0.6 remote-as 110 Complex OSPF Configuration for ABR Examples The follo wing e xample conf iguration accomplishes se v eral tasks in setting up an ABR. These tasks can be split into tw o general ca[...]

Configuring OSPF OSPF Configuration Examples IPC-250 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide interface ethernet 0 ip address 192.42.110.201 255.255.255.0 ip ospf authentication-key abcdefgh ip ospf cost 10 ! interface ethernet 1 ip address 131.119.251.201 255.255.255.0 ip ospf authentication-key ijklmnop ip ospf cost 20 ip ospf retransmit-interval 10 ip o[...]

Configuring OSPF OSPF Configuration Examples IPC-251 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e The follo wing e xample redistrib utes RIP routes with a h op count equal to 1 into OSPF . These routes will be redistrib uted into OSPF as e xternal LSAs with a me tric of 5, a metric type of type 1, and a tag equal to 1. router ospf 109 redistribute rip route-m[...]

Configuring OSPF OSPF Configuration Examples IPC-252 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide route-map 1 permit match tag 3 set metric 5 ! route-map 1 deny match tag 4 ! route map 1 permit match tag 5 set metric 5 In the follo wing conf iguration, a RIP learned route for netwo rk 160.89.0.0 and an ISO-IGRP learned route with pref ix 49.0001.0002 w ill be [...]

Configuring OSPF OSPF Configuration Examples IPC-253 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e Figur e 44 OSPF Administrativ e Distance Router A Configuration router ospf 1 redistribute ospf 2 subnet distance ospf external 200 ! router ospf 2 redistribute ospf 1 subnet distance ospf external 200 Router B Configuration router ospf 1 redistribute ospf 2 subn[...]

Configuring OSPF OSPF Configuration Examples IPC-254 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide Figur e 45 OSPF over On-Demand Cir cuit Router A Configuration username RouterB password 7 060C1A2F47 isdn switch-type basic-5ess ip routing ! interface TokenRing0 ip address 140.10.20.7 255.255.255.0 no shut ! interface BRI0 no cdp enable description connected PB[...]

Configuring OSPF OSPF Configuration Examples IPC-255 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e LSA Group Pacing Example The follo wing e xample changes the OSPF paci ng between LSA groups to 60 seconds: router ospf timers lsa-group-pacing 60 Block LSA Flooding Example The follo wing e xample pre vents fl ooding of OSPF LSAs to broadcast, nonbroadcas t, or [...]

Configuring OSPF OSPF Configuration Examples IPC-256 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide[...]

IPC-257 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide Configuring EIGRP This chapter describe s ho w to configure Enhanced Interior G ate way Routing Protocol (EIGR P). For a complete description of the EIGRP commands listed in this chapter , refer to the “EIGRP Comman ds” chapter of the Cisco IOS IP Comma nd Refer ence, V o lume 2 of 3: Routing Pr otocols [...]

Configurin g EIGRP The Cisco EIGRP Implementation IPC-258 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide Note Redistrib ution between EIGRP and IGRP dif fers from normal redi strib ution in that the metri cs of IGRP routes are compared with the metrics of external EIGRP routes. The rules of normal administrativ e distances are no t follo wed, and routes with the[...]

Configuring EIGRP EIGRP Conf iguration Ta sk List IPC-259 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e con v ergen ce time. Recomputation is processor -inte nsi v e; it is adv antageo us to av oid unneeded recomputation. When a topology ch ange occurs, DUAL will test fo r feasible successors. If there are feasible successors, it will use an y it f inds in ord[...]

Configurin g EIGRP EIGRP Configuration Task List IPC-260 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide Making the Transition from IGRP to EIGRP If you ha v e routers on your netw ork that are conf igured for IGRP , and you want to make a tr ansition to routing EIGRP , you must designate transition ro uters that ha ve both IGRP and EIGRP conf igured. In these ca[...]

Configuring EIGRP EIGRP Conf iguration Ta sk List IPC-261 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e T o adjust the EIGRP metric weights, use the fol lo wing command in router conf iguration mode: By default, the EIGRP comp osite metric is a 32-bit q u antity that is a sum of the se gment delays and the lo west segmen t bandwidth (scaled an d in verted) for[...]

Configurin g EIGRP EIGRP Configuration Task List IPC-262 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide • The K-v alue mismatch error message can also be di splayed if one of the two peers has transmitted a “goodbye” message, and the recei ving router does not support this messag e. In this case, the recei ving router will interp ret this message as a K-v [...]

Configuring EIGRP EIGRP Conf iguration Ta sk List IPC-263 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e Route summarization w orks in conjunction with the ip summary-address eigrp interface configuration command, in which additio nal summarization can be pe rformed. If aut omatic summarization is in ef fect, there usually is no need to conf igure network le ve[...]

Configurin g EIGRP EIGRP Configuration Task List IPC-264 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide Figure 46 Floating Su mmary Route is Applied t o Rout er -B The confi guration of the default su mmary route on Router -B sends a 0.0.0.0/0 summary route to Router-C an d blocks all other routes, incl uding the 10. 1.1.0 /24 route, from being adv ertised to Ro[...]

Configuring EIGRP EIGRP Conf iguration Ta sk List IPC-265 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e Figure 47 Floa ting Summary Route Applied for Dual-Homed Remot es Ho we ver , if the link between Router -D and Router-E f ails, the network may b lackhole traf f ic because Router-E will continue to ad vertise th e default r oute( 0.0.0.0/ 0) to Router-C, a[...]

Configurin g EIGRP EIGRP Configuration Task List IPC-266 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide Each ke y has its o wn k ey identif ier (specified with the key number k ey ch ain conf igurat ion command), which is stored locally . The combination of the ke y iden tifier and the interface associated with the message uniquely iden tifies th e authenticatio[...]

Configuring EIGRP EIGRP Conf iguration Ta sk List IPC-267 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e By default, hell o packets are sent e v ery 5 seconds. The e xception is on lo w-speed, nonb roadcast multiaccess (NBMA) media, where the defau lt hello inte rv al is 60 seconds. Low speed is considered to be a rate of T1 or slo wer , as specified with the b[...]

Configurin g EIGRP EIGRP Configuration Task List IPC-268 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide Configuring EIGRP Stub Routing The EIGRP Stub Routing feat ure improv es networ k stability , reduces resource utilization, and simplif ies stub router configuration. Stub routing is commonl y used in a hub-and-spoke netw ork topolog y . In a hub-and-spoke net[...]

Configuring EIGRP EIGRP Conf iguration Ta sk List IPC-269 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e only a default ro ute to the remote router . The EIGRP Stub Routing feature does not automatically enable summarization on t he distrib ution router . In most cases, the netw ork administrator wi ll need to conf igure summarization on the distrib ution route[...]

Configurin g EIGRP EIGRP Configuration Task List IPC-270 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide Dual-homed routing can i ntroduce instabilit y into an EIGRP netwo rk. In Figure 50 , distrib ution router 1 is directly connected to netw ork 10.3.1.0/24. I f summarization or f iltering is appl ied on distrib ution router 1, the router will advertise ne twor[...]

Configuring EIGRP EIGRP Conf iguration Ta sk List IPC-271 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e Figure 51 Dual-Homed Remote T opology with a Failed Rout e to a Distr ib ution Router It is not desirable for traf fic from distrib ution router 2 to t rav el throug h any remote rou ter in order to reach network 10.3.1.0/24. If the li nks are sized to handl[...]

Configurin g EIGRP Monitoring and Maintaining EIGRP IPC-272 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide EIGRP Stub Routing Configuration Task List T o configure EIGRP Stub Routin g, perform the tasks described in t he follo wing sections. The tasks in the fi rst section are r equired; the task in the last section is opt ional. • Conf iguring EIGRP Stub Rout[...]

Configuring EIGRP EIGRP Configuration Examples IPC-273 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e T o display various rou ting statistics, use the f ollo wing commands in EXEC mode, as needed: T o enable EIGRP St ub Routing packet deb ugging, use the foll ow ing command in pri vile ged EXEC mode: EIGRP Configuration Examples This section contains the follow[...]

Configurin g EIGRP EIGRP Configuration Examples IPC-274 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide instead, this traf fic will be sent to the null 0 interf ace where it is dropped. The recommended way to sen d only the default route out a gi v en interface is to use a distrib ute-list command . Y ou can conf igure this command to f ilter all out bound route [...]

Configuring EIGRP EIGRP Configuration Examples IPC-275 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e Route Authentication Example The follo wing example enables MD5 authentication on EIGRP packets in autonomous system 1. Figure 52 sho w s the scenario. Figure 52 EIGRP Route A u thentication Scenar io Router A Configuration interface ethernet 1 ip authenticatio[...]

Configurin g EIGRP EIGRP Configuration Examples IPC-276 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide Stub Routing Example A router that is configured as a stub with the eigr p stub command sh ares conn ected and su mmary routing information w ith all neighbor rout ers by def ault. Fo ur optional k eywo rds can be used with the eigrp stub command to modify thi [...]

IPC-277 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide Configuring Integrated IS-IS This chapter describes ho w to conf ig ure Inte grated Intermediate System -to-Intermediate System (IS-IS). For a complete descr iption of the inte grated IS-I S commands listed in this chapter , refer to the “Integrated IS-IS Commands” chapter of the Cisco IOS IP Command Ref[...]

Configuring Integrated IS-IS IS-IS Configuration Task List IPC-278 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide Small IS-IS networks are built as a si ngle area that includes all the routers in the n etwork. As the netw ork gro ws larger , it is usually reorg anized into a backb one area made up of the connected set of all Le vel 2 routers from all areas, whic[...]

Configuring Integrated IS-IS IS-IS Interface Parameters Con figuration Task List IPC-279 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e Enabling IP Routing for an Area on an Interface T o enable IP routing and specify th e area for each instance of the IS-I S routin g process, use the follo w ing commands beg inning in global conf igur ation mode: See the “ I[...]

Configuring Integrated IS-IS IS-IS Interface Parameters Configuration Task List IPC-280 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide Configuring IS-IS Link-State Metrics Y ou can configure a cost for a specif ied interf ace. Y ou can configure the defa ult-metric v alue for Le vel 1 or Le vel 2 routi ng. T o configure the metric for the specified in terface, u[...]

Configuring Integrated IS-IS IS-IS Interface Parameters Con figuration Task List IPC-281 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e Setting the Retransmission Interval Y ou can configure the number of s econds between retransmission of IS -IS link-state packets (LSPs) for point-to-point links. T o set the retransmission lev el, use the follo wing command in[...]

Configuring Integrated IS-IS IS-IS Interface Parameters Configuration Task List IPC-282 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide Setting the Hello Multiplier T o specify the nu mber of IS-IS hello packets a neighbor mu st miss before the ro uter should declare the adjacency as down, use th e follo wing command in interf ace conf iguration command. The def [...]

Configuring Integrated IS-IS IS-IS Interface Parameters Con figuration Task List IPC-283 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e Limiting LSP Flooding Limiting LSP floodin g is important to IS-IS net works in gen eral, and is not limi ted to conf iguring multiarea IS-IS netw orks. In a netw ork with a high degr ee o f redundancy , such as a fully meshed [...]

Configuring Integrated IS-IS Miscellaneous IS-IS Paramete rs Configuration Task List IPC-284 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide Miscellaneous IS-IS Parameters Configuration Task List The following tasks dif fer from the preceding inte rface-specif ic IS-IS tasks because they conf igure IS-IS itself, rather than the in terface. T o configure optional [...]

Configuring Integrated IS-IS Miscellaneous IS-IS Paramete rs Configuration Task List IPC-285 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e Configuring IS-IS Authentication Passwords Y ou can assign password s to areas and domains. The area authentication password is inserted in Le vel 1 (station router level) LSPs, and the routing domain authentication passwor[...]

Configuring Integrated IS-IS Miscellaneous IS-IS Paramete rs Configuration Task List IPC-286 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide Unless you specify the on-sta rtup keyw ord, this command sets the o verl oad bit immediately and it remains set until the no set-ov erload-bit command is specif ied. If you sp ecify the on-startup ke yword, you must indicat[...]

Configuring Integrated IS-IS Miscellaneous IS-IS Paramete rs Configuration Task List IPC-287 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e T o change the LSP refresh interv al or li fetime, use the appropriate com mand in router conf iguration mode: Customizing IS-IS Throttling of LSP G eneration, SPF Calculation, and PRC Partial Route Computation (PRC) PRC is[...]

Configuring Integrated IS-IS Miscellaneous IS-IS Paramete rs Configuration Task List IPC-288 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide Other commands are a v ailable to control the delay be tween successi ve LSPs, th e retransmission of the same LSA, and the retransmission of LSPs on a point-to-poi nt interface. Perform this task to customize t h rottling o[...]

Configuring Integrated IS-IS Monitoring IS-IS IPC-289 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e Area A3253-01: System Id Interface SNPA State Holdtime Type Protocol 0000.0000.0053 Et1 0060.3e58.ccdb Up 22 L1 IS-IS 0000.0000.0003 Et1 0000.0c03.6944 Up 20 L1 IS-IS -------------- Area A3253-02: System Id Interface SNPA State Holdtime Type Protocol 0000.0000.0[...]

Configuring Integrated IS-IS IS-IS Configuration Examples IPC-290 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide interface serial 0 ip router isis Router C Configuration router isis net 49.0001.0000.0000.000c.00 interface ethernet 1 ip router isis interface ethernet 2 ip router isis Figure 53 IS-IS Routing Multiarea IS-IS Configuration for CLNS Network Example T[...]

Configuring Integrated IS-IS IS-IS Configuration Examples IPC-291 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e router isis BB ! Defaults to "is-type level-1-2" net 49.2222.0000.0000.0005.00 ! router isis A3253-01 net 49.0553.0001.0000.0000.0005.00 is-type level-1 ! router isis A3253-02 net 49.0553.0002.0000.0000.0005.00 is-type level-1 Figure 54 Mul[...]

Configuring Integrated IS-IS IS-IS Configuration Examples IPC-292 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide[...]

IPC-293 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide Configuring BGP This chapter descri bes ho w to configure Border Gateway Protocol (BGP). For a complete description of the BGP commands in this chapter , refe r to the “BGP Co mmands” chapter of the Cisco IOS IP Command Refer ence, V olume 2 of 3: Routi ng Pr otocols . T o locate documentation of other c[...]

Configuring BGP The Cisco BGP Impleme ntation IPC-294 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide BGP V ersion 4 supports classless int erdomain routing (CIDR), whi ch lets you reduce the size of your routing tables by creating ag gregate routes, resulting in supernets . CIDR elimi nates the concept of network classes within BGP and suppo rts the adverti sin [...]

Configuring BGP Basic BGP Configuration Task List IPC-295 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e 10. Prefer the route that can be re ached through the closest IGP neighbor (the lo west IGP metric). The router will prefer the shor test internal path within the autonomous system to reach the destination (the shortest p ath to the BGP ne xt hop). 11. If th[...]

Configuring BGP Advanced BG P Configuration Task List IPC-296 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide • Disabling Ne xt Hop Processing on BGP Updates (Opt ional) • Config uring the BGP V ersion (Optional) • Config uring the MED Metric (Optional) Advanced BGP Configuration Task List Adva nced, optional BGP conf iguration tasks are described in the fo[...]

Configuring BGP Configuring Basic BGP Feature s IPC-297 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e Configuring Basic BGP Features The tasks described in this section are for conf iguring basic BGP f eatures. Enabling BGP Routing T o enable BGP routing and establ ish a BGP rou ting process, use the follo wing commands begi nning in global conf iguration mode[...]

Configuring BGP Configuring Basic BGP Features IPC-298 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide Managing Routing Policy Changes Routing policies for a peer include all the conf igurations such as route-map , distrib ute-list, pref ix-list, and fil ter-list th at may impact inbound or outbo und routing table updates. Whene v er there is a change in the rout[...]

Configuring BGP Configuring Basic BGP Feature s IPC-299 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e A soft reset updates the routing table f or inbound and o utbound routing updates. Cisco IOS sof tware Release 12.1 and later re leases support soft reset with out any prior conf iguration. This soft reset allo ws the dynamic exchange of route refresh requests[...]

Configuring BGP Configuring Basic BGP Features IPC-300 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide Resetting a Router Using BGP Outbound Soft Reset Outbound soft resets do not require an y preconf iguration. Using the soft ke yword specifies that a soft reset be performed. T o perform an outbound soft reset, use the follo wing command i n EXEC mode: Configuri[...]

Configuring BGP Configuring Basic BGP Feature s IPC-301 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e Verifying BGP Soft Reset T o v erify whether a soft reset is successful and ch eck information abou t the routing tabl e and about BGP neighbors, perform the fol lo wing steps: Step 1 Enter the show ip bgp EXEC command to display ent ries in the BGP routing ta[...]

Configuring BGP Configuring Basic BGP Features IPC-302 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide Connection state is ESTAB, I/O status: 1, unread input bytes: 0 Local host: 172.16.232.178, Local port: 179 Foreign host: 172.16.232.179, Foreign port: 11002 Enqueued packets for retransmit: 0, input: 0 mis-ordered: 0 (0 bytes) Event Timers (current time is 0x2C[...]

Configuring BGP Configuring Basic BGP Feature s IPC-303 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e In most circumstances, you al so will not w ant to redistrib ute your IGP into BGP . List the networks in your autonomous system wi th netw ork router conf iguration commands and you r networks will be advertis ed. Networks that are listed this way ar e referr[...]

Configuring BGP Configuring Basic BGP Features IPC-304 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide Configuring BGP Route Filtering by Neighbor Y ou can filter BGP advertis ements in two way s: • Use autonomous system path filters, as with the ip as-path access-list global config uration command and the neighbor f ilter -list router co nf iguration command ?[...]

Configuring BGP Configuring Basic BGP Feature s IPC-305 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e • More user-friend ly command-line interface (CLI). The command-line interface for using access lists to fi lter BGP updates is dif ficult to understand and use because it us es the packet f iltering f ormat. • Greater flex ibility Before using a pref ix l[...]

Configuring BGP Configuring Basic BGP Features IPC-306 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide Configuring a Prefix List Entry Y ou can add entries to a pref ix list individually . T o configure an entry in a prefix list, u se the follo wing command in router conf iguration mo de: The optional ge and le k eyw ords can be used to sp ecify the range of the [...]

Configuring BGP Configuring Basic BGP Feature s IPC-307 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e If you disable automatic generation of sequence numbers in a pref ix list, you must specify the sequence number for each entry usin g the sequence-value argument of the ip pref ix-list global conf iguration command. Reg ardless of wh ether the d efault s equen[...]

Configuring BGP Configuring Basic BGP Features IPC-308 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide Clearing the Hit Count Table of Prefix List Entries T o clear the hit count table of prefi x list entries, use the follo wing command in EXEC mode: Configuring BGP Path Filtering by Neighbor In addition to filteri ng routing upda tes based on network nu mbers, y[...]

Configuring BGP Configuring Basic BGP Feature s IPC-309 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e Disabling Next Hop Processi ng Using a Specific Address T o disable next hop processin g and provi de a specif ic address to be used instead of th e next hop address, use the follo wing command in r outer conf iguration mode: Config uring this command cau ses [...]

Configuring BGP Configuring Basic BGP Features IPC-310 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide The configuration of this feature in conjunctio n with the iBGP Multipath Load Sharing feature allo ws you to use an outbound ro ute map to include BGP rout e reflectors in th e forwarding path. The BGP Next Hop Propagation feature allo ws you to p erform the fo[...]

Configuring BGP Configuring Adv anced BGP Features IPC-311 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e Configuring Advanced BGP Features The tasks in this section are for configuring advanced BGP features. Using Route Maps to Modify Updates Y o u can use a route map on a p er-n eighbor basis to f ilter updates and modify v arious attrib utes. A route map can[...]

Configuring BGP Configuring Adva nced BGP Features IPC-312 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide T o create an aggre gate address in the routing table, use the follo wing commands in router conf iguration mode: See the “ BGP Aggregate Route Examples ” section at the end o f this ch apter for e xamples of using BGP aggregate routes. Disabling Automat[...]

Configuring BGP Configuring Adv anced BGP Features IPC-313 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e The communities attrib ute is an option al, transiti v e, global at tribu te in the numerical rang e from 1 to 4,294,967,200. Along with Internet community , there are a few predef ined, well-known communities, as follows: • internet—Adv ertise this rou[...]

Configuring BGP Configuring Adva nced BGP Features IPC-314 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide Specifying the Format for the Community A BGP community is displayed in a two-part format 2 b ytes long in the show ip bgp community EXEC command output, and wherev er communi ties are displa yed in the router configuration, such as router maps and community[...]

Configuring BGP Configuring Adv anced BGP Features IPC-315 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e BGP Conditional Advertisement Configuration Task List See the follo wing section for conf iguration tasks fo r the BGP Conditi onal Adve rtisement feature. Each task in the list indicates if th e task is optional or required. • Config ure the route-maps t[...]

Configuring BGP Configuring Adva nced BGP Features IPC-316 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide Inbound soft reconfiguration allowed NEXT_HOP is always this router Community attribute sent to this neighbor Condition-map old-route, Advertise-map new-route, status:Uninitialized 2 accepted prefixes consume 72 bytes Prefix advertised 7, suppressed 0, withd[...]

Configuring BGP Configuring Adv anced BGP Features IPC-317 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e In order to treat the neighbor s from other autonomou s systems within the conf ederation as special eBGP peers, use the follo wing command in router conf iguration mode: See the “ BGP Community with Route Maps Examples ” section at the end of this chap[...]

Configuring BGP Configuring Adva nced BGP Features IPC-318 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide Figur e 56 Simple BGP Model with a Rout e Reflect or The internal peers of the route refl ector are di vided into two g roups: client peers and all the other rou ters in the autonomous system (nonclient peers). A route reflector reflects routes between these[...]

Configuring BGP Configuring Adv anced BGP Features IPC-319 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e Figure 57 illustr ates a more comple x route reflector scheme . Router A is the route reflector in a cluster with routers B, C, and D. Rout ers E, F , and G are fully meshed, nonclient ro uters. When the route reflector re ceiv es an advert ised route, depe[...]

Configuring BGP Configuring Adva nced BGP Features IPC-320 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide T o disable client-to-client route r eflection, use the no bgp client-to-cl ient reflecti on command in router confi guration mode: As the iBGP le arned routes are refle cted, routing information may loop. The route reflector model has the follo wing mechani[...]

Configuring BGP Configuring Adv anced BGP Features IPC-321 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e Assigning Options to the Peer Group After you create a peer grou p, you conf igure the peer gro up with neighbor co mmands. By default, members of the peer gro up inherit all the conf iguratio n options of the peer group. Members can also be confi gured to [...]

Configuring BGP Configuring Adva nced BGP Features IPC-322 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide If a peer group is not conf igured with a remote-as attrib ute, the members can be conf igured with the neighbor remote-as rou ter confi guration command. This command allo ws you to create p eer groups containing eBGP neighb ors. Y ou can customize inbound [...]

Configuring BGP Configuring Adv anced BGP Features IPC-323 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e Configuring MD5 Authentication for BGP Pe ering Sessions Y ou can configure MD 5 authenticati on between two BG P peers, meaning that each segment sent on the TCP connection between th e peers is v erif ied. MD5 au thenti cation must be co nfigu red with th[...]

Configuring BGP Configuring Adva nced BGP Features IPC-324 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide See the “ BGP Peer Group Examples ” at the end of this chapter for an example of enabling MD5 authentication. BGP through PIX Firewalls When config uring BGP peers wit h MD5 authentication that pass throug h a PIX f ire wall you must also disable the TCP[...]

Configuring BGP Configuring Adv anced BGP Features IPC-325 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e Indicating Backdoor Routes Y ou can indicate which networks are reachable by using a bac kdoor route that th e border router shoul d use. A backdoor network is treated as a local networ k, except that it is not advertised. T o configure backdoor routes, use[...]

Configuring BGP Configuring Adva nced BGP Features IPC-326 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide T o adjust BGP timers for all neighbo rs, use the follo wing comman d in router conf iguration mode: T o adjust BTP keepali ve and hold-time timers for a specif ic neighbor , use the follo wing command in router configuration mo de: Note The timers conf igur[...]

Configuring BGP Configuring Adv anced BGP Features IPC-327 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e Configuring the Router to Consider a Missing MED as Worst Path T o configure the rout er to consider a path with a missi ng MED attrib ute as the w orst path, use the follo wing comman d in router conf igurat ion mode: Selecting Path Based on MEDs from Othe[...]

Configuring BGP Configuring Adva nced BGP Features IPC-328 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide In this case, p ath 1 would be ch osen if the bgp bestpath med confed rout er conf iguratio n command is enabled. The f ourth path has a lower MED, but it is not in volved in the MED co mparison bec ause there is an external autonomous system is in t his pat[...]

Configuring BGP Configuring Adv anced BGP Features IPC-329 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e to advertise th e status of the route t o neighbors. The penalties are cumulati ve. When the route flaps so often that the penalty e xceeds a conf igurab le suppress limit, the router stops adv ertising t he route to network A, re gardless of ho w many time[...]

Configuring BGP Configuring Adva nced BGP Features IPC-330 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide T o change the defaul t v alues of v arious dampening f actors, use the follo wing command in address family or router conf iguration mode: Monitoring and Maintaining BGP Route Dampening Y ou can monitor the flaps of all the paths that are fl apping. The sta[...]

Configuring BGP Monitoring and Maintaining BGP IPC-331 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e Once a route is dampened, you can display BGP route dampening information, i ncluding the time remaining before the dampened routes will be un suppressed. T o display the information, use the follo wing command i n EXEC mode: Y ou can clear BGP route dampen ing[...]

Configuring BGP BGP Configuration Exa mples IPC-332 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide T o display various rou ting statistics, use the f ollo wing commands in EXEC mode, as needed: Logging Changes in Neighbor Status T o enable the logging of messages generat ed when a BGP neighbor resets, comes up, or goes down, use the follo wing command in r outer[...]

Configuring BGP BGP Configuration Examples IPC-333 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e • BGP Prefix List Filtering Examples • BGP Soft Reset Examples • BGP Synchronization Examples • BGP Path Fi ltering by Neighbor Examples • BGP Aggregate Route Examples • BGP Community with Route Maps Ex amples • BGP Conditional Ad vertisement Conf igu[...]

Configuring BGP BGP Configuration Exa mples IPC-334 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide set local-preference 25 set metric 127 set weight 30000 set next-hop 192.92.68.24 set origin igp ! access-list 1 permit 131.108.0.0 0.0.255.255 access-list 1 permit 160.89.0.0 0.0.255.255 access-list 1 permit 198.112.0.0 0.0.127.255 It is proper beha vior to no t a[...]

Configuring BGP BGP Configuration Examples IPC-335 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e Inbound route maps could perform pref ix-based matc hing and set v arious parameters of the update. Inbound pref ix matching is a v ailable in addition to autonomo us system path and commun ity list matching. The foll o wing examp le show s ho w the set local-prefe[...]

Configuring BGP BGP Configuration Exa mples IPC-336 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide neighbor 1.1.1.3 remote-as 300 neighbor 1.1.1.3 route-map set-peer-address out route-map set-peer-address permit 10 set ip next-hop peer-address Router C Configuration router bgp 300 neighbor 1.1.1.2 remote-as 200 BGP Neighbor Configuration Examples The follo wing [...]

Configuring BGP BGP Configuration Examples IPC-337 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e Figur e 58 Assigning Int er nal and Exter nal BGP Neighbors BGP Prefix List Filtering Examples The follo wing e xamples sho w route f ilter ing using a single pref ix list and a g roup of pref ix es, and ho w to add or delete an indi vidual entry from a pref ix lis[...]

Configuring BGP BGP Configuration Exa mples IPC-338 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide The follo wing e xample conf iguration sho ws ho w to conditionally originate a default route (0.0.0.0/0) in RIP when a pref ix 10.1.1.0/24 e xists in the routin g table: ip prefix-list cond permit 10.1.1.0/24 ! route-map default-condition permit 10 match ip addres[...]

Configuring BGP BGP Configuration Examples IPC-339 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e Added or Deleted Prefix List Entries Examples Y ou can add or delete in div idual entries in a pref ix list if a pref ix list has the follo wing initial configuration: ip prefix-list abc deny 0.0.0.0/0 le 7 ip prefix-list abc deny 0.0.0.0/0 ge 25 ip prefix-list abc[...]

Configuring BGP BGP Configuration Exa mples IPC-340 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide BGP Synchronization Examples The example sho w n in Figure 59 sho w s ho w to use the no synchronization router conf iguration command. In the f igure, synchron ization is on, and Router B does not adv ertise networ k 198.92.68.0 to Router A until an IGRP r oute fo[...]

Configuring BGP BGP Configuration Examples IPC-341 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e BGP Aggregate Route Examples The follo wing e xamples sho w ho w you can use aggre g ate routes in BGP either by redistribu ting an aggreg ate route into BGP or b y using the BGP Condit ional Aggre gate r outing feature. In the following e xample, the redistribute [...]

Configuring BGP BGP Configuration Exa mples IPC-342 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide The second example sho ws how the route map named set-commun ity is applied to the outb ound updates to neighbor 171.69.232. 90. All the routes that or iginate from autonomous system 70 ha v e the community v alues 200 200 added to their already existing va lues. A[...]

Configuring BGP BGP Configuration Examples IPC-343 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e The next e xample sho ws how the rout e map named set-community is applied to t he outbound updat es to neighbor 171.69.232.5 0 and the local-as community attrib ute is used to filter th e routes. The routes that pass access list 1 ha ve the sp ecial community at t[...]

Configuring BGP BGP Configuration Exa mples IPC-344 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide T o conditionally advertis e a set of routes, use the follo wing comman ds in router conf iguration mode: ip prefix-list BLUE permit 172.16.0.0 ip prefix-list RED permit 192.168.7.0 ! route-map map1-name permit 10 match ip address prefix-list BLUE ! route-map map2-[...]

Configuring BGP BGP Configuration Examples IPC-345 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e The follo wing is a pa rt of the conf iguration from the BGP speaker 200 .200.200.205 from autono mous system 701 in t he same example. Neighbor 171.69.232.56 is con fi gured as a normal eBGP speak er from autonomous system 60000. The int ernal di vision of the aut[...]

Configuring BGP BGP Configuration Exa mples IPC-346 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide neighbor 171.69.232.110 peer-group external-peers neighbor 171.69.232.110 filter-list 400 in TCP MD5 Authentication for BGP Examples The follo wing example enables the au thentication feature between this router and the BGP neighbor at 10.108.1.1. The password that[...]

IPC-347 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide Configuring Multiprotocol BGP Extensions for IP Multicast This chapter describes the mul tiprotocol Border Gate wa y Protocol (BGP) based upo n RFC 2283, Multipro tocol Exte nsions for BGP- 4 . For a comp lete description of the multiprot ocol BGP commands in this chapter , refer to the “Multiprotocol BGP [...]

Configuring Multiprotocol BG P Extensions fo r IP Multicast IPC-348 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide In BGP , the only way to perform interdomain multicast routing was to use the BGP infrastructure that was in place for unicast routing. If those routers were not multicast-capable, or there were d iff ering policies where you w anted multicast traf [...]

Configuring Multiprotocol BG P Extensions for IP Multicast Multiprotocol BGP Configuratio n Task List IPC-349 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e Figure 61 Multicast BGP Envir onment Multiprotocol BGP Configuration Task List T o configure multip rotocol BGP , perform the follo wing tasks descri bed in the follo wing sections. Each section in the list[...]

Configuring Multiprotocol BG P Extensions fo r IP Multicast Multiprotocol BGP Con figuration Task List IPC-350 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide Understanding NLRI Keywords and Address Families Multiprotocol BGP wa s introduced in Cisco IOS Re lease 11.1(20)CC and Cisco IOS Release 12.0(2)S prior to it being integrated into Cisco IOS Rel ease 12.1. [...]

Configuring Multiprotocol BG P Extensions for IP Multicast Multiprotocol BGP Configuratio n Task List IPC-351 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e Note By default, neighbo rs that are def ined using the neighbor remote-as command in router configuration mo de exchange only unicast addres s pref ixes. T o exchan ge other address pref ix types, such as [...]

Configuring Multiprotocol BG P Extensions fo r IP Multicast Multiprotocol BGP Con figuration Task List IPC-352 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide Note Peer groups that are defi ned in router conf igurat ion mode using the neighbor peer -gr oup command exchange on ly unicast address pref ix es by def ault. T o exchange other address prefix types, such[...]

Configuring Multiprotocol BG P Extensions for IP Multicast Multiprotocol BGP Configuratio n Task List IPC-353 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e Configuring Route Maps for Multiprotocol BGP Prefixes T o configure a route map for multiprotocol BGP p refix es, use the f ollo wing commands be ginning i n global conf iguration mode: Note By default, nei[...]

Configuring Multiprotocol BG P Extensions fo r IP Multicast Multiprotocol BGP Con figuration Task List IPC-354 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide T o inject prefixes from a rout ing protocol into multipr otocol BGP , use th e following commands begin ning in global conf iguration mode: Note Route maps that are applied in router conf iguration mode us[...]

Configuring Multiprotocol BG P Extensions for IP Multicast Multiprotocol BGP Configuratio n Task List IPC-355 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e subject it to route m ap conditions. If you supply a route map, you can specify v arious match criteria options for the multi protocol BGP routes. If the route passes the route map, then the route is redist[...]

Configuring Multiprotocol BG P Extensions fo r IP Multicast Multiprotocol BGP Con figuration Task List IPC-356 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide Configuring a Multiprotocol BGP Route Reflector T o conf igure a local router as a route reflector of multipro tocol BGP pref ixes, u se the follo w ing commands beg inning in global conf igur ation mode: N[...]

Configuring Multiprotocol BG P Extensions for IP Multicast Multiprotocol BGP Configuratio n Task List IPC-357 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e T o configure an aggre gate address for multiprotocol BGP , use the follo wing commands be ginning i n global conf iguration mode: Note Aggregate addresses that are defined in router configuration mode usin[...]

Configuring Multiprotocol BG P Extensions fo r IP Multicast Multiprotocol BGP Con figuration Task List IPC-358 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide Step 2 Enter the show ip bgp ipv4 multi cast summary EXEC command to display a summary of multicast database info rmation: Router# show ip bgp ipv4 multicast summary BGP router identifier 10.0.33.34, local [...]

Configuring Multiprotocol BG P Extensions for IP Multicast Multiprotocol BGP Configuratio n Task List IPC-359 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e • Multiprotocol BGP Peer Examples • Multiprotocol BGP Peer Group Examples • Multiprotocol BGP Netw ork Adve rtisement Examples • Multiprotocol BGP Route Map Examp les • Multiprotocol BGP Route Red[...]

Configuring Multiprotocol BG P Extensions fo r IP Multicast Multiprotocol BGP Con figuration Task List IPC-360 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide Multiprotocol BGP Network Advertisement Examples The follo wing e xamples sho w ho w to use an address f amily to inject a netw ork number and mask into the unicast database and the mu lticast database: rou[...]

Configuring Multiprotocol BG P Extensions for IP Multicast Multiprotocol BGP Configuratio n Task List IPC-361 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e Multiprotocol BGP Route Reflector Examples The follo wing e xample sho ws ho w to use an address famil y to conf igure internal BGP peer 10.1.1.1 as a route reflector client for both unicast an d multicast [...]

Configuring Multiprotocol BG P Extensions fo r IP Multicast Multiprotocol BGP Con figuration Task List IPC-362 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide[...]

IPC-363 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e Configuring IP Routi ng Protocol-Independent Features This chapter describes ho w to configure IP routing protocol-i ndependent feat ures. For a compl ete description of the IP routing protocol-indep endent commands in this chapter , refer to the “IP Routing Protocol-Independent Command s” chapter of th[...]

Configuring IP Routing Pr otocol-Inde pendent Features Using Variable-Length Su bnet Masks IPC-364 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide Using Variable-Length Subnet Masks Enhanced IGRP (EIGRP), Intermediate System-to-Intermediate System (IS-IS) Int erdomain Routing Protocol, Open Shortest Path First (OSPF), Routing Inf ormation Protocol (RIP) V ersion [...]

Configuring IP Routing Pr otocol-Independent Features Specifying De fault Routes IPC-365 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e Static routes that point to an i nterface will be advertised via RIP , IGRP , and other dy namic routin g protocols, regardless of whether redistrib ute static router conf iguration commands were specif ied for those routing pr[...]

Configuring IP Routing Pr otocol-Inde pendent Features Changing the Maximum Nu mber of Paths IPC-366 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide T o def ine a static route to a network as the static default ro ute, use the follo wing command in glo bal confi guration mode: Understanding Gateway of Last Resort When default in formation is being passed along th[...]

Configuring IP Routing Pr otocol-Independent Features Redistributing Routing Information IPC-367 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e protocols, the number of paths is controlled b y the maximum-paths r outer conf igurat ion command. The static route source can al ways install six path s. If more paths are av ailable, the extra paths are discarded. If[...]

Configuring IP Routing Pr otocol-Inde pendent Features Redistributing Routing Information IPC-368 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide One or more match commands and one or more set commands should follo w a r oute-map router confi guration command. T o define con ditions for redistrib uting routes from one routing protoc ol into another , use at least[...]

Configuring IP Routing Pr otocol-Independent Features Redistributing Routing Information IPC-369 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e See the “BGP Route Map Examples” section in the “C onfiguring BGP” chapte r for examples of BGP route maps. See the “BGP Community with Rou te Ma ps Examples” section in the “Conf iguring BGP” chapter fo[...]

Configuring IP Routing Pr otocol-Inde pendent Features Filtering Routing Information IPC-370 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide • IGRP can automatically redistribute static ro utes and i nformation from other IG RP-routed autonomous systems. IGRP assigns static routes a metric that iden tif ies them as directly connecte d. IGRP does not change the [...]

Configuring IP Routing Pr otocol-Independent Features Filtering Routing Information IPC-371 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e Configuring Default Passive Interfaces In Internet service pro vider (ISP) and lar ge enterprise netwo rks, many of the d istrib ution routers ha ve more than 200 interfaces. Befo re the introduction of the Def ault P assi v[...]

Configuring IP Routing Pr otocol-Inde pendent Features Filtering Routing Information IPC-372 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide Controlling the Advertising of Routes in Routing Updates T o pre v ent other routers fro m learning one or more routes, you can su ppress routes from being adv ertised in routing updates. Su ppressing routes in route up date[...]

Configuring IP Routing Pr otocol-Independent Features Enabling Policy Routing (PBR) IPC-373 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e For e xample, consider a router using I GRP and RIP . Suppose you trust the IGRP-deri v ed routing information more than the RIP-deri ved routing information. In this example, because the default IGRP administrati ve distanc[...]

Configuring IP Routing Pr otocol-Inde pendent Features Enabling Policy Routing (PBR) IPC-374 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide T o define th e criteria by whi ch pack ets are e xamined to learn if the y will be pol icy-ro uted, use either one or both of the fo llo wing commands in rout e-map conf igurat ion mode. No match clause in the route map ind[...]

Configuring IP Routing Pr otocol-Independent Features Enabling Policy Routing (PBR) IPC-375 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e The set commands can be used wi th each other . They are e v aluated in the ord er sho wn in the pre v ious task table. A usable next hop implies an interface. Once the local router finds a next hop and a usable interface, i[...]

Configuring IP Routing Pr otocol-Inde pendent Features Enabling Policy Routing (PBR) IPC-376 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide • The directly connected next hop must be a Cisco device with CDP enabled. • It is not supported for use in conjunction with dCEF , due to the dependency of the CDP neighbor database. If you want t o selecti vely verify [...]

Configuring IP Routing Pr otocol-Independent Features Managing Authentication Keys IPC-377 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e Enabling Local Policy Routing Packets that are generated b y the router are not no rmally polic y routed. T o enable local polic y routing for such packets, indi cate which route map the router sho uld use by using the follo [...]

Configuring IP Routing Pr otocol-Inde pendent Features Monitoring and Main ta ining the IP Network IPC-378 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide Use the show k ey chain EX EC command to display ke y chai n information. F or ex amples of ke y management, see the “ K e y Management Examples ” section at the end o f this chapter . Monitoring and Mainta[...]

Configuring IP Routing Pr otocol-Independent Features IP Routing Protocol-Indepen dent Configuration Examples IPC-379 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e IP Routing Protocol-Indepen dent Configuration Examples The follo wing secti ons provid e routing proto col-independent conf igurat ion examp les: • V ariable-Length Subnet Mask Example • Overri[...]

Configuring IP Routing Pr otocol-Inde pendent Features IP Routing Protocol-Ind ependent Configuration Examples IPC-380 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide Overriding Static Routes with Dynamic Protocols Example In the follo wing example, pack ets for network 10.0.0.0 fro m Router B (where the stati c route is instal led) will be routed through 17 2.18[...]

Configuring IP Routing Pr otocol-Independent Features IP Routing Protocol-Indepen dent Configuration Examples IPC-381 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e Assigning adminis trati ve distances is a pro blem unique to each netw ork and is done in response t o the greatest perceived threats to the connected network. Even when gene ral guidelines exist, t[...]

Configuring IP Routing Pr otocol-Inde pendent Features IP Routing Protocol-Ind ependent Configuration Examples IPC-382 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide RIP and IGRP Redistribution Example Consider a W AN at a university that uses RIP as an i nterior routing protocol. Assume that t he uni versi ty wants to connect it s W AN to a regional network , 1[...]

Configuring IP Routing Pr otocol-Independent Features IP Routing Protocol-Indepen dent Configuration Examples IPC-383 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e RIP and EIGRP Redistribution Examples This section pro vides a simple RIP redist rib ution ex ample and a comple x redistrib ution e xample between Enh anced IGRP (EIGRP) and B GP . Simple Redistrib[...]

Configuring IP Routing Pr otocol-Inde pendent Features IP Routing Protocol-Ind ependent Configuration Examples IPC-384 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide redistribute bgp 50000 OSPF Routing and Route Redistribution Examples OSPF typically requires coordinati on among man y internal routers, ABRs, and Autonomous System Boundary Routers (ASBRs). At a m[...]

Configuring IP Routing Pr otocol-Independent Features IP Routing Protocol-Indepen dent Configuration Examples IPC-385 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e ! ! Ethernet interface 3 is in area 3: interface ethernet 3 ip address 172.18.10.5 255.255.255.0 ! ! Ethernet interface 4 is in area 0: interface ethernet 4 ip address 172.19.1.1 255.255.255.0 ! ! E[...]

Configuring IP Routing Pr otocol-Inde pendent Features IP Routing Protocol-Ind ependent Configuration Examples IPC-386 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide Figure 63 Ex ample OSPF A utonomous Syst em Networ k M ap In this conf iguration, f iv e routers are conf igured in OSPF autonomous system 1: • Router A and Router B are both internal r outers wit[...]

Configuring IP Routing Pr otocol-Independent Features IP Routing Protocol-Indepen dent Configuration Examples IPC-387 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e Note It is not necessary to include def i nitions of al l areas in an OSPF aut onomous system in the configurat ion of all routers i n the autonomous system. Y ou must def ine only the dir ectly con[...]

Configuring IP Routing Pr otocol-Inde pendent Features IP Routing Protocol-Ind ependent Configuration Examples IPC-388 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide router bgp 50000 network 192.168.0.0 network 10.0.0.0 neighbor 172.16.1.6 remote-as 60000 Complex OSPF Configuration Example The follo wing e xample conf igurat ion accomplishes se v eral tasks in s[...]

Configuring IP Routing Pr otocol-Independent Features IP Routing Protocol-Indepen dent Configuration Examples IPC-389 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e interface ethernet 0 ip address 192.168.110.201 255.255.255.0 ip ospf authentication-key abcdefgh ip ospf cost 10 ! interface ethernet 1 ip address 172.19.251.201 255.255.255.0 ip ospf authenticatio[...]

Configuring IP Routing Pr otocol-Inde pendent Features IP Routing Protocol-Ind ependent Configuration Examples IPC-390 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide Default Metric Values Redistribution Example The follo wing example sho ws a router in a utonomous system 1 using both RIP and IGRP . The example advertises IGRP-deri ved routes using RIP and assi g[...]

Configuring IP Routing Pr otocol-Independent Features IP Routing Protocol-Indepen dent Configuration Examples IPC-391 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e redistribute iso-igrp nsfnet route-map 3 ! route-map 2 permit match route-type external match tag 5 set metric 5 set level level-2 ! route-map 3 permit match address 2000 set metric 30 W ith the fol[...]

Configuring IP Routing Pr otocol-Inde pendent Features IP Routing Protocol-Ind ependent Configuration Examples IPC-392 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide See more route map examples in the “BGP Route Map Examples” and “BGP Community with Route Maps Examples” sections of the 12.4 BGP docume ntation. Passive Interface Examples The follo wing e [...]

Configuring IP Routing Pr otocol-Independent Features IP Routing Protocol-Indepen dent Configuration Examples IPC-393 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e The passi ve-interface router conf iguration co mmand is typically used when the wildcard speci fi cation on the network router config uration command conf igures more interfaces than is desirable. [...]

Configuring IP Routing Pr otocol-Inde pendent Features IP Routing Protocol-Ind ependent Configuration Examples IPC-394 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide interface async 1 ip policy route-map equal-access ! route-map equal-access permit 10 match ip address 1 set ip default next-hop 172.16.6.6 route-map equal-access permit 20 match ip address 2 set ip[...]

Configuring IP Routing Pr otocol-Independent Features IP Routing Protocol-Indepen dent Configuration Examples IPC-395 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e interface Fddi0 ip address 10.1.1.1 255.255.255.0 no keepalive ! interface Fddi1 ip address 172.16.1.1 255.255.255.0 ip rip send version 1 ip rip receive version 1 no keepalive ! router rip version [...]

Configuring IP Routing Pr otocol-Inde pendent Features IP Routing Protocol-Ind ependent Configuration Examples IPC-396 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide[...]

IP Multicast[...]

[...]

IPC-399 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide Configuring IP Multicast Routing This chapter describes ho w to configure IP multicast rou ting. For a comp lete description of the IP multicast routing commands in this chapter , refer to the “IP Multicast Routing Commands” chapter of the Cisco IOS IP Command Refer ence, V olu me 3 of 3: Multicast . T o[...]

Configuring IP Multicast Routing The Cisco IP Multicast Routing Implementation IPC-400 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide The Cisco IP Multicast Routing Implementation The Cisco IOS software supports the f ollo wing protocols to impl ement IP multicast r outing: • IGMP is used between hosts on a LAN and the routers on that LAN to track the multicas[...]

Configuring IP Multicast Routing The Cisco IP Multicast Routing Implementation IPC-401 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e Multicast addresses in the range 2 24.0.0.0 to 224.0.0.2 55 are reserved for use by routi ng protocols and other network co ntrol traf f ic. The address 224.0.0.0 i s guaranteed not to be assigned to an y group. IGMP packets are [...]

Configuring IP Multicast Routing Basic IP Multicast Routing Configuration Task List IPC-402 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide PIM can operate in dense mode or sp arse mode. It is possible for the ro uter to handle both spar se groups and dense groups at the same time. In dense mode, a router assumes that all other router s want t o forward multicast[...]

Configuring IP Multicast Routing Enabling IP Mu lticast Routing IPC-403 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e • Config uring IP Multi cast ov er A TM Point-to-Multipoint V irtual Circuits (Optional) • Config uring an IP Multicast Bou ndary (Optional) • Config uring an Intermediate IP Multicast Helper (Opt ional) • Storing IP Multicast Headers ([...]

Configuring IP Multicast Routing Enabling PIM on an Interface IPC-404 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide See the “ PIM Dense Mode Example ” section later in this chapter for an e xample of ho w to configure a PIM interface in dense mode. Enabling Sparse Mode T o conf igure PIM on an interface to be in sparse mode, use the following command in int[...]

Configuring IP Multicast Routing Enabling PIM on an Interface IPC-405 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e Configuring PIM Dense Mode State Refresh If you ha ve PIM dense mode (PI M-DM) enabled on a rou ter interface, the P IM Dense Mode State Refresh feature is enabled by default. PIM-DM builds so urce-based multicast distrib ution trees that operate[...]

Configuring IP Multicast Routing Configuring Auto- RP IPC-406 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide Configuring a Rendezvous Point If you conf igure PIM to operate in sp arse mode, you must also cho ose one or more routers to be rendezv ous points (RPs). Y ou need not config ure the routers to be RPs; the y learn ho w to become RPs themselves. RPs are u[...]

Configuring IP Multicast Routing Configuring Auto-RP IPC-407 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e Setting Up Auto-RP in a New Internetwork If you are settin g up Auto-RP in a ne w internetw ork, you do not need a defa ult RP because you conf igure all the interfaces for sparse-d ense mode. Follo w the process described in the section “ Adding Aut o-[...]

Configuring IP Multicast Routing Configuring Auto- RP IPC-408 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide Find a router whose connecti vity is not likely to be interrupted an d assign it the role of RP-mapping agent. All routers within time-to-li v e (TTL) number of hops from the source router recei v e the Auto-RP discove ry messages. T o assign the role of [...]

Configuring IP Multicast Routing IGMP Features Configuration Task List IPC-409 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e IGMP Features Configuration Task List T o conf igure IGMP features, perform the tasks described in the fol lo wing sections. The tasks in the f irst section are required; t he tasks in the remaining sections are optio nal. • Config uri[...]

Configuring IP Multicast Routing IGMP Features Configuration Task List IPC-410 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide Changing the IGMP Version By default, th e router uses I GMP V ersion 2 (IGMPv2 ), which allo w s such features as the IGMP query timeout and the maximu m query response time. All routers o n the subnet must support t he same version. The[...]

Configuring IP Multicast Routing IGMP Features Configuration Task List IPC-411 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e Routers That Run IGMP Version 2 IGMPv2 impro ved the q uery messaging capabilities of IGMPv1. The query and membership report me ssages in IGMPv2 are identical to the IGMPv1 messages with tw o exceptio ns. 1. IGMPv2 query messages are br[...]

Configuring IP Multicast Routing IGMP Features Configuration Task List IPC-412 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide IGMPv3 is the industry -designated standard protocol for hosts to sign al channel subscriptions i n Source Specif ic Multicast (SSM). Fo r SSM to rely on IGMPv3, IGMPv3 must be a vailable in last hop routers and host operating sy stem net[...]

Configuring IP Multicast Routing IGMP Features Configuration Task List IPC-413 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e If IGMPv3 is needed to support SSM, then you ha v e two conf igurat ion alternati v es as follo ws: • Config ure only the interf ace for IGMPv2 and use IGMP v 3lite and URD. • Enable IGMPv 3 and accept the h igher leave latencies thr[...]

Configuring IP Multicast Routing IGMP Features Configuration Task List IPC-414 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide Configuring IGMP Leave Latency In IGMPv2 and IGMPv3, hosts send IGMP messages to indicate that they do not wish to recei ve a particular group , source, or channel an y more. The l ength of time between the host wa nting to lea v e and th[...]

Configuring IP Multicast Routing Configuring the TTL Threshold IPC-415 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e Configuring the TTL Threshold The TTL value contr ols whether packets are forwarde d out of an interf ace. Y ou specify the TTL value in hops. Only multicast packets with a TTL greate r than the interface TTL threshold are forw arded on the inte[...]

Configuring IP Multicast Routing Enabling the Functio nal Address for IP Multicast over Token Ring L ANs IPC-416 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide properties (for ex ample, cont act informat ion, sessio n lifetime, and the media) bei ng used in the session (for ex ample, audio, video, and wh iteboard) with their specif ic attrib ut es like TTL scope[...]

Configuring IP Multicast Routing Configuring PIM Version 2 IPC-417 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e If you conf igure this feature, IP multicast trans missions o ver T oken Ring interfaces are more ef ficient than they formerly were. Th is feature reduces the load on other ma chines that do not participate in IP multicast because they do not proce[...]

Configuring IP Multicast Routing Configuring PIM Version 2 IPC-418 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide The Cisco PIM V ersion 2 implementation allo ws inte roperability and transition between V ersion 1 and V ersion 2, although there might be some minor problems. Y ou can upgrade to PIM V ersion 2 incrementally . PIM V ersions 1 and 2 can be confi gur[...]

Configuring IP Multicast Routing Configuring PIM Version 2 IPC-419 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e Specifying the PIM Version All systems using Cisco IOS Release 11.3(2)T or lat er start in PIM V ersion 2 mode by defa ult. T o reenable PIM V ersion 2 or specify PIM V ersion 1 for some reason, contro l the PIM versio n by u sing the follo wing com[...]

Configuring IP Multicast Routing Configuring PIM Version 2 IPC-420 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide T o pre vent BSR messages from being sent or receive d throu gh an interface, use the follo wing command in interface conf iguration mode: T o pre v ent Auto-RP messages from being sent or recei ved through an interface, use the follo w ing commands [...]

Configuring IP Multicast Routing Configuring PIM Version 2 IPC-421 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e Note The Cisco IOS implementation of PIM BSR uses the v alue 0 as the def ault priority for candidate RPs and BSRs. This implementation predates th e draft-ietf-pim-sm-bsr IETF draf t, the f irst IETF draft to specify 192 as the def ault priority v [...]

Configuring IP Multicast Routing Advanced PIM Features Configuration Task List IPC-422 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide Dense Mode Dense mode groups in a mix ed V ersion 1/V ersion 2 re gion need no special conf iguration; th ey will interoperate automatically . Sparse Mode Sparse mode groups in a mix ed V ersion 1/V ersion 2 regio n are possible b[...]

Configuring IP Multicast Routing Advanced PIM Features Con figuration Task List IPC-423 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e Understanding PIM Shared Tree a nd Source Tree (Shortest-Path Tree) By default, memb ers of a group recei ve data from se nders to the group acr oss a single data distrib ution tree rooted at the RP . This type of distribu tion [...]

Configuring IP Multicast Routing Advanced PIM Features Configuration Task List IPC-424 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide Understanding Reverse Path Forwarding Re verse P ath Forwarding (RPF) is an algorithm used for forwarding multicast datagram s. It functions as follo ws: • If a router receiv es a datagram on an interface it us es to send unicas[...]

Configuring IP Multicast Routing Advanced PIM Features Con figuration Task List IPC-425 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e Assigning an RP to Multicast Groups If you ha ve co nf igured PIM sparse mode, you must conf igure a PIM RP for a multicast gr oup. An RP can either be configured statically in each box, or learned throu gh a dynamic mechanism. [...]

Configuring IP Multicast Routing Advanced PIM Features Configuration Task List IPC-426 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide Understanding the PIM Registering Process IP multicast sources do not use a signalling mech anis m to announ ce their presence. Sources ju st send their data into the attached netwo rk, as opposed to rece i vers that use IGMP to a[...]

Configuring IP Multicast Routing Advanced PIM Features Con figuration Task List IPC-427 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e Limiting the Rate of PIM Register Messages T o set a limit on the maximum number of PIM-SM re gister messages sent per second for each (S, G) routing entry , use the follo wing glob al conf iguration comman d on the DR: Dataless[...]

Configuring IP Multicast Routing Advanced PIM Features Configuration Task List IPC-428 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide For traf fic from D VMRP neighbors, proxy regist ering is alw ays acti ve and cannot be influenced b y the ip pim dense-mode proxy- register i nterface conf igurat ion command. F or dense mode or D VMRP regio ns, proxy registeri n[...]

Configuring IP Multicast Routing Configuring an IP Multicast Static Route IPC-429 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e Configuring an IP Multicast Static Route IP multicast static routes (mro utes) allo w you to ha ve multicast paths di verge fr om the unicast paths. When using PIM, the router expects to recei ve packets on the same interf ace where i[...]

Configuring IP Multicast Routing Controlling the Transmission Rate to a Multicast Group IPC-430 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide A multicast static route allo ws you to use the configu ration in Figure 68 b y conf iguring a stat ic multicast source. The Cisco IOS softw are uses the conf igurati on info rmation instead of the unicast rou ting table.[...]

Configuring IP Multicast Routing Configuring RTP Header Compression IPC-431 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e Figur e 70 RTP Header Compr ession The R TP header compression feature compresses the IP/UD P/R TP header in an R TP data packet from 40 bytes to appr oximately 2 to 5 b ytes, as sho wn in Figure 70 . It is a hop-b y-hop compression scheme [...]

Configuring IP Multicast Routing Configuring RTP H eader Compressio n IPC-432 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide Enabling RTP Header Compression on a Serial Interface T o enable R TP header compression for serial en capsulation HDLC or PPP , use the following command in interface conf iguration mode: If you include the passi ve ke yword, th e softwar[...]

Configuring IP Multicast Routing Configuring RTP Header Compression IPC-433 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e By default, for PPP or HDLC encapsulation, the software allo ws 32 R TP header compression connectio ns (16 calls). This defa ult can be increased to a maximu m of 1000 R TP header compression connections on an interface. T o change the num[...]

Configuring IP Multicast Routing Configuring IP Multicast over ATM Point-to-Multipoint Virtual Circuits IPC-434 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide In order for the Express R TP Header Compression feature t o work, the f ollo wing conditions must exi st: • CEF switching or f ast switching must be enabled on the interface. • HDLC, PPP , or Frame Re[...]

Configuring IP Multicast Routing Configuring IP Multicast over ATM Point- to-Multipoint Virtual Circuits IPC-435 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e Figure 71 Environment f or IP Mult icast ov er A TM Point-to-Multipoint V C s W ith the ad vent of IP mul ticast, where high-rate multica st traf f ic can occur , that approach does not scale. Furthermor[...]

Configuring IP Multicast Routing Configuring IP Multicast over ATM Point-to-Multipoint Virtual Circuits IPC-436 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide Y o u must ha v e A TM configured for multip oint signalling. Refer t o the “Conf iguring A TM” chapter in the Cisco IOS W ide-Ar ea Networking Conf iguration Guide for mor e information on ho w to con[...]

Configuring IP Multicast Routing Configuring IP Multicast over ATM Point- to-Multipoint Virtual Circuits IPC-437 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e Idling Policy An idling polic y uses the ip pim vc-count number interface conf iguration command to limit the number of VCs created by PIM. When the r outer stays at or belo w this number v alue, no idli[...]

Configuring IP Multicast Routing Configuring an IP Multicast Boundary IPC-438 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide Configuring an IP Multicast Boundary Y ou can set up an administ rati vely sco ped boundary on an interf ace for multicast grou p addresses. A standard access list defines the range of addresses af fe cted. When a boundary is set up , no m[...]

Configuring IP Multicast Routing Storing IP Multicast Headers IPC-439 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e T o conf igure an intermediate IP multicast helper , the f irst hop router and the last hop router must be confi gured. T o configure the f irst hop router , use the follow ing commands be ginning in global confi guration mode: After conf iguring[...]

Configuring IP Multicast Routing Enabling CGMP IPC-440 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide T o allocate a circular buf fer to store IP multicas t packet headers that the router recei ves, use the follo wing co mmand in global co nf iguration mode: Note The ip multicast cache-head ers global conf iguration command allocates a circular buf fer of approx[...]

Configuring IP Multicast Routing Load Splitting IP Multicast Traffic Across Equal-Cost Paths Configuration Task List IPC-441 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e Stub IP multicast rou ting allo ws stub sites to be conf igured quickly and easily for basic multicast connecti vity , without the flooding of multicast pack ets and subsequent group pru ning[...]

Configuring IP Multicast Routing Load Splitting IP Multicast Traffic Across Equ al-Cost Paths Config uration Task List IPC-442 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide Enabling Native Load Splitting If two or more equal-cost paths from a source are av ailable, unicast tra f f ic will be load split acro ss those paths. Ho we ve r , by default multicast traf[...]

Configuring IP Multicast Routing Load Splitting IP Multicast Traffic Across Equal-Cost Paths Configuration Task List IPC-443 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e If a tunnel is con figured between Router A and Router B, and multicas t traf f ic is made to re verse path forward o ver th e tunnel, then the mu lticast packets are sent encapsul ated into [...]

Configuring IP Multicast Routing Load Splitting IP Multicast Traffic Across Equ al-Cost Paths Config uration Task List IPC-444 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide Configuring Both Routers to RPF Because the use of the tunnel mak es the multicast to po logy incongruent with the unicast topo logy , and only multicast traf fic tra verses the t unnel, you[...]

Configuring IP Multicast Routing Monitoring and Maintaining IP Multica st Routing Configuration T ask List IPC-445 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e Verifying the Load Splitting Load splitting w orks for both f ast switching an d process switching, b ut splitt ing the traf fic among the physical interfaces is perform ed differently for each case. F[...]

Configuring IP Multicast Routing Monitoring and Maintaining IP Multi cast Routing Configuration Task List IPC-446 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide Clearing Caches, Tables, and Databases Y ou can remov e all contents of a particular cache, tabl e, or database. Clearing a cache, table, or database can become necessary when the conten ts of the partic[...]

Configuring IP Multicast Routing Monitoring and Maintaining IP Multica st Routing Configuration T ask List IPC-447 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e Using IP Multicast Heartbeat The IP multicast heartb eat feature enables y ou to monitor the deli v ery of IP multi cast packets and to be alerted if the deli very fails to meet certai n parameters. Al[...]

Configuring IP Multicast Routing IP Multicast Configuration Examples IPC-448 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide IP Multicast Configuration Examples This section pro vides the follo wing IP mu lticast routing configuration examples: • PIM Dense Mode Example • PIM Sparse Mode Example • PIM Dense Mode State Refresh Example • Functional Address f[...]

Configuring IP Multicast Routing IP Multicast Config uration Examples IPC-449 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e PIM Dense Mode State Refresh Example The follo wing e xample sho ws a PIM router that is o riginating, processing, and fo rwarding PIM Den se Mode State Refresh control messages on Fast Ethernet interface 0/1 e very 60 seconds: ip multica[...]

Configuring IP Multicast Routing IP Multicast Configuration Examples IPC-450 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide ip pim sparse-dense-mode ! router ospf 1 network 172.21.24.8 0.0.0.7 area 1 network 172.21.24.16 0.0.0.7 area 1 ! ip pim bsr-candidate Ethernet2 30 10 ip pim rp-candidate Ethernet2 group-list 5 access-list 5 permit 239.255.2.0 0.0.0.255 Bor[...]

Configuring IP Multicast Routing IP Multicast Config uration Examples IPC-451 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e Inconsistent candidate RP selection b etween Cisc o and non-Ci sco RFC 2362-compli ant routers in the same domain if multiple candidate RPs with part ia lly o verlappi ng group address ranges are co nf igured can occur . Inconsistent cand[...]

Configuring IP Multicast Routing IP Multicast Configuration Examples IPC-452 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide no keepalive clockrate 64000 frame-relay map ip 1.0.0.1 17 broadcast rtp header-compression connections 64 frame-relay ip rtp header-compression frame-relay ip rtp compression-connections 32 Express RTP Header Compression with PPP Encapsula[...]

Configuring IP Multicast Routing IP Multicast Config uration Examples IPC-453 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e no ip route-cache shutdown clockrate 2015232 ! ip default-gateway 9.1.72.1 ip classless ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 9.1.72.1 ! router igrp 1 network 15.0.0.0 ! line con 0 exec-timeout 0 0 transport input none line aux 0 line vty 0 4 password[...]

Configuring IP Multicast Routing IP Multicast Configuration Examples IPC-454 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide ! interface Serial4/0 ip address 15.3.0.1 255.255.255.0 encapsulation frame-relay frame-relay map ip 15.3.0.2 100 broadcast compress connections 16 frame-relay ip rtp header-compression frame-relay ip tcp header-compression frame-relay ip r[...]

Configuring IP Multicast Routing IP Multicast Config uration Examples IPC-455 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e atm nsap-address 47.00918100000000410B0A1981.333333333333.00 atm pvc 1 0 5 qsaal atm pvc 2 0 16 ilmi atm multipoint-signalling map-group mpvc router ospf 9 network 171.69.214.0 0.0.0.255 area 0 ! ip classless ip pim rp-address 171.69.10.1[...]

Configuring IP Multicast Routing IP Multicast Configuration Examples IPC-456 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide The configurations for Router A and Router C are as follows: Router A—First Hop Router Configuration interface ethernet 0 ip directed-broadcast ip multicast helper-map broadcast 224.5.5.5 120 ip pim dense-mode ! access-list 120 permit udp[...]

Configuring IP Multicast Routing IP Multicast Config uration Examples IPC-457 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e Router B Configuration ip multicast-routing ip pim dense-mode : or ip pim sparse-mode ip pim neighbor-filter 1 access-list 1 deny 10.0.0.1 Load Splitting IP Multicast Traffic Across Equal-Cost Paths Example The follo wing e xample sho ws [...]

Configuring IP Multicast Routing IP Multicast Configuration Examples IPC-458 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide ip address 100.1.3.3 255.255.255.0 bandwidth 125 clock rate 125000 IP Multicast Heartbeat Example The follo wing e xample sho ws ho w to monitor IP multicast packets forw arded through this router to group address 244.1.1.1. If no packet fo[...]

IPC-459 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide Configuring Source Specific Multicast This chapter describe s how to conf igure Source Specific Multicast (SSM ). For a complete description of the SSM commands in this chapter , refer to the “IP Multicast Routi ng Commands” chap ter of the Cisc o IOS IP Command Refer ence, V olume 3 of 3: Mult icast . T[...]

Configuring Source Spe cific Multicast How SSM Differs from In ternet Standard Multicast IPC-460 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide deploy recei v er applications that are not yet SSM enabled (thr ough support for IGMPv3 ). IGMPv3, IGMP v3lite, and URD interoperate with each other , so that both IGMP v3lite and URD can eas ily be used as transitional[...]

Configuring Sour ce Specific Multicast IGMPv3 Host Signalling IPC-461 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e If SSM is deploy ed in a netw ork already conf igured for P IM-SM (Cisco IOS Release 12.0 or later releases is recommended), then only the last hop routers must be upgraded to a Cisco IOS software image that support s SSM. Routers that are not di[...]

Configuring Source Spe cific Multicast URD Host Signalling IPC-462 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide Applications must be compiled wi th the Host Side IGMP Library (HSIL) for IGMP v3lite. This softwa re provides applications with a subset of the IGMPv3 applications pr ogramming interface (A PI) that is required to write SSM applications. HSI L was d[...]

Configuring Sour ce Specific Multicast URD Host Signalling IPC-463 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e When the bro wser of a host encoun ters a URD intercept URL, it will try to open a TCP connection to the web server on port 465. If the last hop r outer is enabled for URD on t he interface wher e the router recei ves the TCP p ackets from the host [...]

Configuring Source Spe cific Multicast Benefits IPC-464 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide Because the router returns a Conten t-T y pe of text and HTML, the best way to include the URD intercept URL into a web page is to use a frame. By def ining the size of the frame, you can also hide the URD intercept URL on the displayed page. By default, URD i [...]

Configuring Sour ce Specific Multicast Restrictio ns IPC-465 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e deployment. Anothe r factor that cont ribut es to the ease of installation of SSM is t he fact that it can le verage pr eexisting PIM-SM network s and requires only the up grade of last hop routers to support IGMPv3, IGMP v3lite, or URD. Ideal for Interne[...]

Configuring Source Spe cific Multicast Restrictions IPC-466 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide receiv ers will recei ve all (S, G) channel traf fic (and f ilter out the u nwanted traf fic on input). Because of the ability of SSM to reuse t he group addresses in the SSM ran ge for many independent applicat ions, this situation can lead to less than ex[...]

Configuring Sour ce Specific Multicast SSM Configura tion Task List IPC-467 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e compiled with the HSIL wi ll then dynamically b ind to the ne west ve rsion of the HSIL, which sho uld support the che ck for IGMPv3 in t he operating system kernel. Upgrading the HSIL can be done independently of upg rading the applicat io[...]

Configuring Source Spe cific Multicast SSM Configuration Examples IPC-468 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide SSM Configuration Examples This section provides the follo wing SSM con fig uration e xamples: • SSM with IGMPv3 Example • SSM with IGMP v3lite and URD Example • SSM Filtering Example SSM with IGMPv3 Example The follo wing e xample sho w[...]

Configuring Sour ce Specific Multicast SSM Configuration Examples IPC-469 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e ip pim accept-register list no-ssm-range ip access-list extended msdp-nono-list deny ip any 232.0.0.0 0.255.255.255 ! SSM Range ! . ! . ! . ! See ftp://ftpeng.cisco.com/ipmulticast/config-notes/msdp-sa-filter.txt for other SA ! messages that [...]

Configuring Source Spe cific Multicast SSM Configuration Examples IPC-470 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide[...]

IPC-471 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide Configuring Bidirectional PIM This chapter describe s how to conf igure the Bidire ctional PIM (bidir-PIM) feature. Bidir -PIM is a v ariant of the Protocol Independent Multi cast (PIM) suite o f routing protocol s for IP multicast and is an extension o f the ex isting PIM sparse mo de (PIM-SM) feature. Bidi[...]

Configuring Bidirectional PIM Bidir-PIM Ov erview IPC-472 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide Membership to a bidirect ional group is signalled via e xplicit join m essages. T raf f ic from sources i s unconditional ly sent up the shared tree to w ard the RP and passed do wn the tree to ward the recei vers on each branch of the tree. Bidir- PIM is des[...]

Configuring Bidirectional PIM Bidir-PIM Overview IPC-473 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e Figure 77 Bidirectional Shar ed T ree When packets are forwarded do wnst ream from the RP to ward recei v ers, there are no fundamental dif ferences between bidir -PIM and PIM-SM. Bidir -PIM deviates substantiall y from PIM-SM when passing traffi c from sourc[...]

Configuring Bidirectional PIM Bidir-PIM Configuration Task List IPC-474 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide Bidirectional Group Tree Building The procedure for joining the shared tree o f a bidirectional group is almost id entical to that used in PIM SM. One main dif ference is that, for bidirectional groups, the role of the DR is assumed b y the DF f[...]

Configuring Bidirectional PIM Bidir-PIM Configuration Task List IPC-475 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e Configuring Bidir-PIM Most of the configuration requirements for bidir-PI M are the same as those fo r configuring PIM-SM. You need not enable or disable an interface for carrying traffic fo r multicast groups in bidirectional mode. Instead, yo[...]

Configuring Bidirectional PIM Bidir-PIM Configuration E xample IPC-476 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide Monitoring and Maintaining Bidir-PIM T o display bidir-PI M information, use the foll o wing commands in EXEC mode, as needed: Bidir-PIM Configuration Example By default a bidirecti onal RP advertises all gr oups as bidirectional. An access list [...]

IPC-477 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide Configuring Multicast Source Discovery Protocol This chapter describes the Multicast Source Discove ry Protocol (MSDP) feature. F or a complete description of the MSDP com mands in this chapter , refer to the “Multicast Source Di scov ery Protocol Commands” chapter of the Cisco IOS IP Command Refer ence,[...]

Configuring Multicast Source Discovery Protocol How MSDP Works IPC-478 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide and the address or the originator ID of the RP , if configured. If the p eer is an RP and has a member of that multicast group, the data pack et is decapsulated and forwarded do wn the shared-tr ee in the remote domain. The PIM designated router [...]

Configuring Multicast So urce Discovery Protocol Benefits IPC-479 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e Benefits MSDP has the follo wing benef its: • It breaks up the shared multicas t distribut ion tree. Y ou can make the shared tree local to your domain. Y our local members join the local tree, and join messages for th e shared tree ne ver need to [...]

Configuring Multicast Source Discovery Protocol MSDP Configuration Task List IPC-480 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide Configuring an MSDP Peer Y ou enable MSD P by configuring an MSDP peer to the local router . Note The router you specify b y Domain Naming System (DNS ) name or IP address as an MSDP peer is probably a Border Gate way Protocol (BGP)[...]

Configuring Multicast So urce Discovery Protocol MSDP Config uration Task List IPC-481 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e Requesting Source Information from an MSDP Peer Local RPs can send SA requests and get immediate re sponse for all active sources for a gi ven group. By default, t he router does not send any SA request me ssages to its MSDP peer[...]

Configuring Multicast Source Discovery Protocol MSDP Configuration Task List IPC-482 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide T o further restrict which registered sources are adv ertised, use the f ollo wing command in g lobal configuration mode. The access list or auton omous system path access li st determines whic h (S, G) pairs are advertised. Note Th[...]

Configuring Multicast So urce Discovery Protocol MSDP Config uration Task List IPC-483 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e T o apply an MSDP filter , use the follo wing comma nds i n global configur ation mode as needed: Using TTL to Limit the Multicas t Data Sent in SA Messages Y ou can use TTL to control what data will be encapsulated in the first [...]

Configuring Multicast Source Discovery Protocol MSDP Configuration Task List IPC-484 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide Configuring a Default MSDP Peer An MSDP peer of the local ro uter is probably a BGP peer also. Ho we v er , if you do not want to h av e or cannot hav e a BGP peer , you could defi ne a default MSDP pe er from which to accept all SA[...]

Configuring Multicast So urce Discovery Protocol MSDP Config uration Task List IPC-485 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e If you specify a prefix list, the peer will be a default peer only for t he prefi xes in the li st. Y ou can have multiple activ e default peers when you ha ve a pref ix list associated with each. When you do not hav e any pref i[...]

Configuring Multicast Source Discovery Protocol MSDP Configuration Task List IPC-486 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide Including a Bordering PIM Dense Mode Region in MSDP Y o u might hav e a router that b orders a PIM-SM re gion with a den se mode re gion. By def ault, sources in the dense mode re gion are not included in MSDP . Y ou could conf igur[...]

Configuring Multicast So urce Discovery Protocol Monitoring and Ma intaining MS DP IPC-487 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e Monitoring and Maintaining MSDP T o monitor MSDP SA messages, peers, state, or p eer status, use the follo w ing commands in EXEC mode as needed: T o clear MSDP connections, statistics, or SA cac he entries, use the follo win[...]

Configuring Multicast Source Discovery Protocol MSDP Configuration Examples IPC-488 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide MSDP Configuration Examples This section contains the followi ng MSDP conf igurations e xamples: • Default MSDP Peer • Logical RP Default MSDP Peer The follo wing e xample is a partial conf iguration of Router A and Ro uter C in [...]

Configuring Multicast So urce Discovery Protocol MSDP Configuration Examples IPC-489 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e Figur e 80 Logical RP Using MSDP RouterA Configuration ! hostname RouterA ! ip routing ! ip subnet-zero ip multicast-routing ! ! interface Loopback0 ip address 192.168.1.2 255.255.255.255 no shutdown ! interface Loopback10 ip addre[...]

Configuring Multicast Source Discovery Protocol MSDP Configuration Examples IPC-490 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide ip address 171.69.2.2 255.255.255.0 ip pim sparse-dense-mode no shutdown ! interface Ethernet4/0/0 description LANethernet3 ip address 171.69.3.2 255.255.255.0 ip pim sparse-dense-mode no shutdown ! router ospf 10 network 171.69.0.0 [...]

Configuring Multicast So urce Discovery Protocol MSDP Configuration Examples IPC-491 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e no shutdown ! interface Loopback10 ip address 10.10.10.10 255.255.255.255 ip pim sparse-dense-mode no shutdown ! interface Ethernet2 description LANethernet 0 ip address 171.69.0.3 255.255.255.0 ip pim sparse-dense-mode no shutdown[...]

Configuring Multicast Source Discovery Protocol MSDP Configuration Examples IPC-492 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide interface Loopback0 ip address 192.168.1.6 255.255.255.255 no shutdown ! interface Ethernet2 description LANethernet 3 ip address 171.69.3.6 255.255.255.0 ip pim sparse-dense-mode no shutdown ! interface Ethernet5 description LANethe[...]

IPC-493 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide Configuring PGM Host and Router Assist Note Support for the PGM Host featur e has been remov ed. Use of th is feature is not recommende d. This chapter describes the PGM Host and Router Assist feature. PGM Host and Router Assist enables Cisco routers to support multicast app lications th at operate at the PG[...]

Configuring PGM Host and Rout er Assist PGM Overview IPC-494 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide Note PGM contains an element that assist s router s and switches in handl ing PGM transport data as it flo ws through a ne twork. Unlike the Rout er Assist eleme nt, the Host el ement does not hav e a current practica l applicatio n. PGM is network-laye r [...]

Configuring PGM Host and Router Assist PGM Host Config uration Task List IPC-495 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e PGM Host Configuration Task List Note Support for the PGM Host featur e has been remov ed. Use of th is feature is not recommende d. T o configure PGM Host, perfo rm the tasks descr ibed in the follo wing section s. The tasks in the f [...]

Configuring PGM Host and Rout er Assist PGM Host Configuration Task List IPC-496 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide Enabling PGM Host with a Virtual Host Interface T o enable PGM Host globally on the router and to conf igure the rout er to source PGM packets th rough a vif, use the follo wing command in global conf iguration mode: See the “PGM Host[...]

Configuring PGM Host and Router Assist PGM Host Config uration Task List IPC-497 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e 2 9CD72EF099FA 1025 source conn 48059 224.1.1.1 Specifying a traf f ic session number or a multicast IP address with the show ip pgm host sessions command displays infor mation specif ic to that PGM tran sport session: Router> show [...]

Configuring PGM Host and Rout er Assist PGM Router Assist Conf iguration Task List IPC-498 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide packets received in error 0 valid bytes received 0 Total valid bytes received 0 Total bytes received in error 0 ADPUs received 0 SPM packets received 0 packets received in error 0 NCF packets received 0 packets received in err[...]

Configuring PGM Host and Router Assist Monitoring and Maintaining PGM Host and Router Assist IPC-499 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e Enabling PGM Router Assist w ith a Virtual Host Interface T o enable PGM Router Assist on a vif, use the follo wing co mmand in interface conf iguration mode: See the “PGM Router Assist with a V irtual Interface E[...]

Configuring PGM Host and Rout er Assist PGM Host and Router Assist Configura tion Examples IPC-500 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide T o enable PGM Host debugging, use the follo wing command in privile ged EXEC mode: T o display PGM Host information, use the following commands in user EXEC mode, as needed: Monitoring and Maintaining PGM Router Assis[...]

Configuring PGM Host and Router Assist PGM Host and Ro uter Assi st Configuration Examples IPC-501 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e Note For clarity , extraneous informatio n has been omitted from the e xamples in the follo wing sect ions. PGM Host with a Virtual Interface Example Note Support for the PGM Host featur e has been remov ed. Use of th[...]

Configuring PGM Host and Rout er Assist PGM Host and Router Assist Configura tion Examples IPC-502 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide no ip directed-broadcast no ip mroute-cache media-type 10BaseT interface ethernet2 ip address 10.2.0.1 255.255.255.0 ip pim dense-mode no ip directed-broadcast no ip mroute-cache media-type 10BaseT PGM Router Assist wi[...]

Configuring PGM Host and Router Assist PGM Host and Ro uter Assi st Configuration Examples IPC-503 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e interface ethernet2 ip address 10.2.0.1 255.255.255.0 ip pim dense-mode ip pgm router no ip directed-broadcast no ip mroute-cache media-type 10BaseT[...]

Configuring PGM Host and Rout er Assist PGM Host and Router Assist Configura tion Examples IPC-504 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide[...]

IPC-505 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide Configuring Unidirectional Link Routing This chapter describes t he unidirectional l ink routin g (UDLR) feature. UDLR provides mechanisms for a router to emulate a bidirectiona l link to enable the routin g of unicast and multicast pack ets ov er a physical unidirectional interface, such as a broadcas t sat[...]

Configuring Unid irectional Link Routing UDLR Overv iew IPC-506 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide UDLR enables a router to emulate the beha vior of a bidi rectional link f or IP operations ov er UDLs. UDLR has three complementary mechanisms for bidirect ion al link emulat ion, which are described in the follo wing sections: • UDLR T unnel • IGMP[...]

Configuring Unidirectional Link Routing UDLR Overview IPC-507 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e In a lar ge enterprise netwo rk, it is not possible t o be able to recei v e IP multicast traf f ic via satellite and forward the traf f ic throughout the network. This limitation exists because recei ving hosts must be directly connected to the downst r[...]

Configuring Unid irectional Link Routing UDLR Tunnel Configuratio n Task List IPC-508 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide In the scenario in Figure 82 , the follo wing sequence of ev ents occurs: 1. User 1 joins multicast grou p G. 2. Router C sends a Protocol Independent Multi cast (PIM) join message hop-b y-hop to the rendezv ous point (Router B). 3[...]

Configuring Unidirectional Link Routing UDLR Tunnel Configuration Task List IPC-509 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e • On the upstream ro uter , where the UDL can o nly se nd, you must configure th e tunnel to rece i ve. When packets are receiv ed ov er the tunnel, the upper -layer protocols treat t he packet as though it is recei ved o v er the[...]

Configuring Unid irectional Link Routing IGMP UDLR Configuration Task List IPC-510 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide IGMP UDLR Configuration Task List T o conf igure IGMP UDLR, perform the tasks described in the follo wing sections. Th e tasks in the f irst section are required; t he tasks in the remaining sections are optio nal. • Config uring th[...]

Configuring Unidirectional Link Routing IGMP Proxy Configuration Task List IPC-511 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e See the “IGMP UDLR Example” section later in t his chapter fo r an example o f ho w to conf igure IGMP UDLR. See the “Integrated UDLR T unnel, IGMP UDLR, and IGMP Proxy Example” section l ater in this chapter for an example o[...]

Configuring Unid irectional Link Routing IGMP Proxy Configuration Task List IPC-512 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide Prerequisites Before conf iguring IGMP Proxy , ensure that the follo wing conditi ons exist: • All routers on the UDL have the same subnet address. If all routers on the UDL cannot ha v e the same subnet address; the upstr eam rout[...]

Configuring Unidirectional Link Routing UDLR Configuration Examp les IPC-513 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e UDLR Configuration Examples This section provides the follo wing UDLR examples: • UDLR T unnel Example • IGMP UDLR Example • IGMP Proxy Example • Integrated UDLR T unnel, IGMP UDLR , and IGMP Proxy Example UDLR Tunnel Example The f[...]

Configuring Unid irectional Link Routing UDLR Configuration Examples IPC-514 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide tunnel udlr receive-only serial 0 ! ! Configure OSPF. ! router ospf <pid> network 10.0.0.0 0.255.255.255 area 0 Router B Configuration ip multicast-routing ! ! Serial1 has receive-only capability ! interface serial 1 encapsulation hdl[...]

Configuring Unidirectional Link Routing UDLR Configuration Examp les IPC-515 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e Figur e 84 IGMP Unidir ection al Link Routing E xample Uplink Router (uplink-rtr) Configuration ip multicast-routing ! ! Interface that source is attached to ! interface ethernet 0 description Typical IP multicast enabled interface ip addr[...]

Configuring Unid irectional Link Routing UDLR Configuration Examples IPC-516 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide ! helpered for the unidirectional interface. ! interface ethernet 0 description Typical IP multicast-enabled interface ip address 14.0.0.2 255.0.0.0 ip pim sparse-dense-mode ip igmp helper-address udl serial 0 ! ! Back channel ! interface e[...]

Configuring Unidirectional Link Routing UDLR Configuration Examp les IPC-517 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e Figure 85 IGMP Mroute Pr o xy T opology Router A Configuration interface ethernet 0 ip address 10.1.1.1 255.255.255.0 ip pim dense-mode ! interface ethernet 1 ip address 10.2.1.1 255.255.255.0 ip pim dense-mode ip igmp unidirectional link [...]

Configuring Unid irectional Link Routing UDLR Configuration Examples IPC-518 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide ! interface ethernet 1 ip address 10.5.1.1 255.255.255.0 ip pim sparse-mode ip igmp mroute-proxy loopback 0 ! interface ethernet 2 ip address 10.6.1.1 255.255.255.0 Router C Configuration ip pim rp-address 10.5.1.1 5 access-list 5 permit 23[...]

Configuring Unidirectional Link Routing UDLR Configuration Examp les IPC-519 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e no ip directed-broadcast ip pim dense-mode ip nhrp network-id 5 ip nhrp server-only ip igmp unidirectional-link fair-queue 64 256 31 ip rsvp bandwidth 1000 100 ! router ospf 1 network 9.1.92.96 0.0.0.15 area 1 ! ip classless ip route 9.1.9[...]

Configuring Unid irectional Link Routing UDLR Configuration Examples IPC-520 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide no keepalive no cdp enable ! router ospf 1 network 9.1.90.0 0.0.0.255 area 1 network 9.1.92.96 0.0.0.15 area 1 ! ip classless ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 9.1.95.1 ! set rpf to be the physical receive-only interface ip mroute 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 9.[...]

IPC-521 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide Using IP Multicast Tools This chapter describes IP mult icast tools that allo w you to trace a multicast path or test a multicast en viron ment. For a comp lete description of the command s in this chapter , refer to the “IP Multicast T ools Commands” chapter in the Cisco IOS IP Command Refer ence, V olu[...]

Using IP Multicast Tools MRM Configuratio n Task List IPC-522 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide • Can verify a multicast en vironment prior to an e v ent—Y ou need not wait for real multi cast traf f ic to fail in or der to fin d out that a problem e xists. Y ou can test the multicast routing en vironment before a planne d e vent. • Easy diagn[...]

Using IP Multicast Tools MRM Configura tion Task List IPC-523 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e Monitoring Multiple Groups If you ha ve more than one multicast gro up to monitor , you could conf igure an interf ace that is a T est Sender for one group and a T est Receiv er for another group. Figure 86 illustrates an en vironment where the router on[...]

Using IP Multicast Tools MRM Configuratio n Task List IPC-524 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide Configuring a Manager T o configure a router as a Manage r in order for MRM to function , use the follo wing commands beginni ng in global co nf iguration mode. A host cannot b e a Manager . Conducting an MRM Test T o start and subsequen tly stop your MRM[...]

Using IP Multicast Tools Monitoring IP Multicast Routing IPC-525 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e When the test begins, the Manager sends a unicast cont rol packet to the T est Se nder and T est Receiver , and then the Manager starts sending beacons. The T e st Sender and T est Receiver send ackno wledgments to the Manager and be gin sending or re[...]

Using IP Multicast Tools MRM Configuration E xample IPC-526 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide MRM Configuration Example Figure 87 illustrates a T est Sende r , a T est R ecei ver , an d a Ma nager in an MRM en vi ronment. The partia l configurations for the three de vices follow the f igure. Figure 87 Multicast Routing Monitor Example Test Sender Co[...]

IPC-527 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide Configuring Router-Port Group Management Protocol This chapter describes the Rout er -Port Group Management Pro tocol (RGMP). RGMP is a Cisco protocol that restricts IP multicast traf fic in switched networks . RGMP is a Layer 2 protocol that enables a router to communicate to a switch (or a n etworking d e [...]

Configuring Route r-Port Group Managemen t Protocol RGMP Overview IPC-528 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide Figure 88 sho ws where these protocols operate within the IP multicast en vironment. Figure 88 IP Multicast Routi ng Prot ocols Note CGMP and RGMP cannot interoperate on the same switched network. If RGMP is enabled on a switch or router inter[...]

Configuring Router-Po rt Group Manag ement Protocol RGMP Overview IPC-529 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e Figur e 89 RGMP in a Switc hed Netw or k In Figure 89 , the sources for the t wo dif feren t multicast groups (the so urce for group A and the source for group B) send traf f ic into the same switched netw ork. W ithout RGMP , traff ic from s[...]

Configuring Route r-Port Group Managemen t Protocol RGMP Overview IPC-530 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide Figure 90 RGMP Messag es The router sends si multaneous PIM hello ( or a PIM query message if PIM V ersion 1 is configured) and RGMP hello messages to the switch. The PIM hello message is used to locate neighboring PIM routers. The RGMP hello [...]

Configuring Router-Po rt Group Manag ement Protocol RGMP Configur ation Task List IPC-531 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e Note An RGMP-enabled router cannot send an RGMP lea v e <G> message until t he router does not recei ve or forward traf fic from an y source for a specif ic multicast group (i f multiple sources e xist for a specific mul[...]

Configuring Route r-Port Group Managemen t Protocol RGMP Configuration Task List IPC-532 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide Enabling RGMP T o enable RGMP , use the follow ing commands on all routers in your network b eginning in global confi guration mode: See the “RGMP Configuration Example” section la ter in this chapter for an example of h o w[...]

Configuring Router-Po rt Group Manag ement Protocol Monitoring and Ma intaining RGMP IPC-533 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e Monitoring and Maintaining RGMP T o enable RGMP deb ugging, use the following command in pri vileged EXEC mode: Figure 91 sho w s the debu g messages that are logged by an RGMP-enabled router as the route r sends RGMP join [...]

Configuring Route r-Port Group Managemen t Protocol RGMP Configuration Example IPC-534 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide RGMP Configuration Example This section prov ides an RGMP conf iguration e xample that sho ws the individual con figurati ons for the routers and switches shown in Figure 92 . Figure 92 RGMP Configuration E xample Router A Configu[...]

Configuring Router-Po rt Group Manag ement Protocol RGMP Configuration Example IPC-535 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e no shutdown Router C Configuration ip routing ip multicast-routing interface ethernet 1/0 ip address 10.4.0.1 255.0.0.0 ip pim sparse-dense-mode no shutdown interface ethernet 1/1 ip address 10.5.0.1 255.0.0.0 ip pim sparse-dense[...]

Configuring Route r-Port Group Managemen t Protocol RGMP Configuration Example IPC-536 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide[...]

IPC-537 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide Configuring DVMRP Interoperability This chapter describes the Distance V ector Mu lt icast Routing Protocol (D VMRP) Interoperability feature. For a complete description of the D V MRP co mmands in this chapter , refer to the “IP Multicast Routing Commands” chapter of the Ci sco IOS IP Comma nd Refer enc[...]

Configuring DVMRP In teroperability Basic DVMRP Interoperability Configuration Tas k List IPC-538 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide Configuring DVMRP Interoperability Cisco multicast routers using PIM can interoperate with non- Cisco multicast routers that use the DV M R P . PIM routers dynamically disco ve r D VMRP multicast routers on attached net[...]

Configuring DVMRP Interoperability Basic DVMRP Interoperabilit y Configurati on Task List IPC-539 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e 171.69.214.203 -> 0.0.0.0 [1/0/pim/querier/down/leaf] 171.69.214.18 -> 171.69.214.20 (mm1-45e.cisco.com) [1/0/pim] 171.69.214.18 -> 171.69.214.19 (mm1-45c.cisco.com) [1/0/pim] 171.69.214.18 -> 171.69.214.17[...]

Configuring DVMRP In teroperability Advanced DVMRP Interoperability Configuration Task List IPC-540 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide See the “ D VMRP T unnel Example ” section later in this chapter for an e xample of ho w to conf igure a D VMRP tunnel. Advertising Network 0.0.0.0 to DVMRP Neighbors The mrouted protocol is a public domai n imple[...]

Configuring DVMRP Interoperability Advanced DVMRP Interoperabilit y Configurati on Task List IPC-541 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e When D VMRP unicast rout ing is enabled, the ro uter caches routes learned in DVMRP report messages in a D VMRP routing table. PIM prefers D VMR P routes to unicast routes b y def ault, bu t that preference can be c[...]

Configuring DVMRP In teroperability Advanced DVMRP Interoperability Configuration Task List IPC-542 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide Note At least one, more-specific route must be present in the unicast routing table befo re a confi gured summary address will b e adv ertised. Disabling DVMRP Automatic summarization By default, the Cisco IOS softw a[...]

Configuring DVMRP Interoperability Advanced DVMRP Interoperabilit y Configurati on Task List IPC-543 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e Rejecting a DVMRP Nonpruning Neighbor By default, Cisco routers accept a ll DVMRP neighbors as peers, rega rdless of their D V MRP capability or lack of. Ho we v er , some non-Cisco machines run old v ersions of D V[...]

Configuring DVMRP In teroperability Advanced DVMRP Interoperability Configuration Task List IPC-544 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide Figur e 94 Router Reje cts Nonpr uning D VMRP Neigh bor Note that the ip dvmrp r eject-non-pruners command pre vents peering with neighbors only . If there are any nonp runing routers multiple ho ps away (d ow nstream[...]

Configuring DVMRP Interoperability Monitoring and Main taining DVMRP IPC-545 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guid e Monitoring and Maintaining DVMRP T o clear routes from the D VMRP routing table, use the follo wing command in EXEC mode: T o disp lay entries in the D VMRP routing table, use the followi ng command in EXEC mode: DVMRP Configuration Exampl[...]

Configuring DVMRP In teroperability DVMRP Configuration Examples IPC-546 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide ip unnumbered ethernet 0 ip pim dense-mode tunnel source ethernet 0 tunnel destination 192.70.92.133 tunnel mode dvmrp ! interface ethernet 0 description Universitat DMZ-ethernet ip address 192.76.243.2 255.255.255.0 ip pim dense-mode[...]

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IN-549 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide INDEX Symbols <cr> xli ? command xl A accept-lifetime command DRP route authentication IPC-87 EIGRP route authentication IPC-266 access-class command IPC-99 access control, IP IPC-88, IPC-99 access groups, IP IPC-99 access-list compiled command IPC-96 access lists IP BGP access list filters IPC-308 conf[...]

Index IN-550 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide timeout IPC-14 tables IP contents, displaying IPC-14 defining static IPC-13 arp arpa comma nd IPC-14 arp probe command IPC-14 arp snap command IPC-14 arp timeout command IPC-14 ATM SVC, point-to-multipo int IPC-434, IPC-436 VC status, displaying IPC-447 atm multipoint-sig naling (IP multicast) IPC-436 a[...]

Index IN-551 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide configuring IPC-293 to IPC-327 connections immediately, resetting EBGP IPC-311 status, displaying IPC-332 default local prefer ence value, changing IPC-326 enabling IPC-297 filter IPC-321 IP routing table, u pdating IPC-325 mesh reduction confederation method IPC-316 route reflec to r method IPC-317 met[...]

Index IN-552 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide types IPC-31 C carriage return (<cr>) xli cautions, IP access lists IPC-91 cautions, us age in text xx xiv CDP (Cisco Discovery Protocol) dialer mappings, using with IPC-19 8 ODR routing informat ion IPC-196 ODR timers, relationship to IPC-19 7 reconvergence of IP routes IPC-197 timer IPC-198 upda[...]

Index IN-553 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide clear ip pim auto-rp command IPC-446 clear ip route command IPC-47, IPC-378 clear ip route dhcp command IPC-76 clear ip rtp header-compr ession command IPC-446 clear ip sap command IPC-446 clear tcp statistics command IPC-119 client command IPC-144 client hardware address, specifying IPC-73 client-ident[...]

Index IN-554 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide messages dhcpack IPC-66 dhcpdecline IPC-66 dhcpdiscover IPC-66 dhcpoffer IPC-66 dhcprequest IPC-66 options, autoconfiguri ng IPC-74 server boot file, specifying IPC-73 dialer mappings and CDP packets IPC-198 distance bgp command IPC-325 distance command IPC-372 DistributedDirect or See DRP Server Agent [...]

Index IN-555 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide split horizon, enabling IPC-267 stub routing benefit s IPC-271 configuration tasks IPC-272 configuring IPC-268 overview IPC-268 restrictions IPC-271 verifying IPC-272 timers, adjusting IPC-266, IPC-267 eigrp log-neighbor-changes command IPC-260 eigrp stub comm and IPC-272 encapsulations split horizon fo[...]

Index IN-556 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide helper addresses IP (example) IPC-60 configuring IPC-32 hit table count, clearing prefix list entries IPC-308 holddown definition IPC-214 disabling, IGRP IPC-218 hold time, EIGRP I PC-267 home agent redundan cy, Mobile IP IPC-165 Home Agent services, enabling (Mo bile IP) IPC-167 host command IPC-72 HP [...]

Index IN-557 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide IP traffic, routing IPC-30 interface configuration mode, summary of xl interfaces circuit typ e, IS-IS, settin g IPC-282 IP addresses assigning multiple IPC-9 primary IPC-8 secondar y IPC-9 interface tunnel command IPC-509 Interior Gateway Routi ng Protocol See IGRP IPC-213 IP access lists (caution) IPC[...]

Index IN-558 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide named access lists IPC-91 name server, specifying IPC-17 performance parameters IPC-110 PIM See IP multicast routing, PIM policy routin g IPC-373, IPC-376 fast switched IPC-377 precedence IPC-374 (table) IPC-375 primary address IPC-8 processing on serial interfaces IPC-11 tunnel interfaces IPC-11 protoc[...]

Index IN-559 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide ip dvmrp metric mbgp command IPC-355 ip dvmrp metric-offset command I PC-542 ip dvmrp reject-non -pruners command IPC-544 ip dvmrp routeh og-notificat ion command I PC-541 ip dvmrp route- limit command IPC-541 ip dvmrp summary-address com mand IPC-542 ip dvmrp unicast-r outing command IPC-541 IP Enhance[...]

Index IN-560 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide CGMP clearing IPC-446 enabling IPC-440 proxy IPC-440 debug messages, logging IPC-415 designated router IPC-425 diagnostic tool IPC-521 DVMRP automatic summar ization IPC-542 definition IPC-400, IPC-527 description IPC-402 interoperability IPC-538 mrouted p rotocol IPC-538 peering with neighbo rs IPC-543[...]

Index IN-561 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide mroute IPC-429 mrouted advertising rout es IPC-540 description IPC-538 tunnel interface desti nation address IPC-539 MSDP benefit s IPC-479 enabling IPC-480 overview IPC-477 peer, configuring IPC-480 prerequis ites IPC-479 multicast groups controlling host access to IPC-409 displayin g IPC-446 joining I[...]

Index IN-562 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide description IPC-528 monitoring and maint aining IPC-53 3 prereq uisites IPC-531 verifying IPC-532 RP (rendezvous point) address, configuring IPC-406 Auto-RP groups covered IPC-407 mapping agent IPC-408 displayin g IPC-447 filter RP announcements IPC-408 group-to-RP mapp ing, displayi ng IPC-408 PIM Vers[...]

Index IN-563 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide ip nhrp holdti me command IPC-26 ip nhrp interest command IPC-22 ip nhrp map comman d IPC-21, IPC-49 ip nhrp max-send command IPC-25 ip nhrp ne twork-id com mand IPC-21 ip nhrp nhs command IPC-21 ip nhrp re cord command IPC-26 ip nhrp resp onder comma nd IPC-26 ip nhrp server-only command IPC-27 ip nhrp[...]

Index IN-564 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide ip tcp chunk-size command IPC-114 ip tcp compression-connection s command IPC-112 ip tcp finwait-time command IPC-114 ip tcp header-c ompression comman d IPC-111 ip tcp path-mtu-discovery command IPC-113 ip tcp queuemax command IPC-115 ip tcp selective-ack command I PC-113 ip tcp synwait-time command IP[...]

Index IN-565 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide lock-and-key access, dynamic access list IPC-88 log-adj-changes command IPC-235 log neighbor ad jacencies,EIGRP IPC-260 loopbacks, use with OSPF IPC-232 lsp-gen-interval command IPC-288 lsp-refresh-interval command IPC-287 M MAC addresses, determining IPC-12 manager command IPC-524 masks format in displ[...]

Index IN-566 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide overview IPC-115 port number, speci fying IPC-118 related documentation IPC-116 specifying IP and IGMP address IPC-118 wildcard blocks, di splaying I PC-120 MNLB services manage r, overview IPC-115 Mobile IP AAA server IPC-164 agent advertisements IPC-161 agent discovery IPC-161 agent solicitations IPC-[...]

Index IN-567 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide N named IP access lists IPC-91 NAT (Network Address Translation) configuring IPC-35 displayin g translations IPC-46 dynamic entries, clearing IPC-46 dynamic translations IPC-38, IPC-39 inside global ad dress IPC-36 local addr ess IPC-36 source translation IPC-37 source translation (example) IPC-61 IP Ph[...]

Index IN-568 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide enabling OSPF IPC-225 enabling RIP IPC-200 network diam eter, enforc ing (IGRP) IPC-218 network masks, format IPC-47 network numbers BGP IPC-293 OSPF IPC-230 new information in this release x xxiii Next Hop Resolutio n Protocol See NHRP for IP Next Hop Server See NHRP for IP, Next Hop Server; NHRP for I[...]

Index IN-569 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide broadcast or nonbroadcast net works, configuring for IPC-226 checksum pacing IPC-236 Cisco implementation IPC-223 complex configuration ( example) IPC-249, IPC-388 conditional default or igination (example) IPC-252, IPC-391 configuring IPC-231 configuration (examples) IPC-241 configuration task list IPC[...]

Index IN-570 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide permit command IPC-91 PGM (Pragmatic General Multicast) See IP multicast routing, PGM PIM (Protocol Independen t Multicast) See IP multicast routing, PIM ping command IPC-446 IP privileged IPC-4 8 user IPC-48 ping reply, specifyi ng how long to wait IPC-73 ping timeout, specif ying duration IPC-73 platf[...]

Index IN-571 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide subnetting IPC-9 RFC 792 Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) IPC-81 RFC 826 ARP IPC-13 RFC 862, Echo TC P and UDP service IPC-1 RFC 863, Discard TCP a nd UDP service IPC-1 RFC 903 RARP IPC-13 RFC 919 Broadcasting Internet Datagrams IPC-31 RFC 922 Broadcasting IP Datagrams in the Presence of Subnets[...]

Index IN-572 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide automatic route su mmarization, di sabling IPC-206 enabling IPC-200 hop count IPC-199 redistribution (exampl e) IPC-382 route summ arization IPC-203 (examples) IPC-209 configuring IPC-205 disabling IPC-206 EIGRP IPC-205 restrictions IPC-205 specified interfaces IPC-205 verifying IPC-205 running with IGR[...]

Index IN-573 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide description IPC-430 enabling IPC-432 express IPC-433 Frame Relay enc apsulation (example) IPC-453 using IPC-432 Frame Relay statistics, displaying IPC-446 passive IPC-432 PPP encapsulation (example) IPC-452 prereq uisites IPC-431 statistics clearing IPC-446 displayin g IPC-447 supported protocols IPC-43[...]

Index IN-574 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide show ip aliases command IPC-48 show ip arp command IPC-48 show ip bgp ci dr-only command IPC-332 show ip bgp command IPC-332 show ip bgp community comman d IPC-332 show ip bgp community-l ist command IPC-332 show ip bgp dampen ed-paths command IPC-331 show ip bgp filter- list command IPC-332 show ip bgp[...]

Index IN-575 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide show ip pim rp command IPC-408, IPC-447, IPC-476 show ip pim rp-hash command IPC-422 show ip pim rp mapping command IPC-475 show ip pim vc command IPC-447 show ip policy command IPC-378 show ip prot ocols command IPC-378 show ip redirects command IPC-48, IPC-120 show ip rip database command IPC-209 show[...]

Index IN-576 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide IP, creating network from separated, (exampl e) IPC-50 use of subnet zero, enabling IPC-9 variable length subn et masks (example) IPC-244, IPC-379 definition IPC-364 summary-address (OSPF) command IPC-231 summary-address command IPC-285 summary addresses aggregate IPC-263 entries, checking for IPC-206 s[...]

Index IN-577 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide tunnel udlr recei ve-only command I PC-509 tunnel udlr send- only command IPC-509 Turbo ACL (Access Control List) IPC-96 turbo flooding IPC-34 U UDLR (unidirecti onal link routi ng) See IP multicast routing, UDLR UDP (User Datagram Protocol) broadcast addresses, establishing IPC-33 datagrams flooding IP[...]

Index IN-578 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide[...]