Garmin 250 manuale d’uso

GNC 250 TM Pilo t ’ s Guide ® O WNER’S MANU AL & REFERENCE ACTV STBY GNC 250 NAV WPT RTE NRST SQ MSG CLR ENT CRSR 250 real 7/14/98 9:31 AM Page i[...]

250 real 7/14/98 9:31 AM Page ii[...]

i INTRODUC TIO N Forewor d GARMIN™, GNC 250™, Spell’N’Find™, AutoLocate™, MultiT rac8™, GPSCOM™ and AutoStor e™ are trademarks of GARMIN and may only be used with permission. NavData ® is a r egistered trademark of Jeppesen Sanderson, Inc. All rights r eserved. Software V ersion 2.06 or above © 1995 GARMIN International 9875 W i[...]

C AUTION The Global Positioning System is operated by the United States government, which is solely responsible for its accuracy and maintenance. The system is subject to changes which could affect the accuracy and performance of all GPS equipment. Although the GARMIN GNC 250 is a precision electr onic NA Vigation AID (NA V AID), any NA V AID can b[...]

Accessories & P acking List Congratulations on choosing the finest, most advanced panel mount VFR GPSCOM available. The GNC 250 represents GARMIN’ s commitment to pr ovide an accurate, easy-to-use GPS for all of your aviation needs. Before installing and getting started with your unit, please check to see that your package includes the follow[...]

T o obtain warranty service, see your local dealer or call the GARMIN Customer Service department for a r eturned merchandise tracking number . The unit should be securely packaged with the tracking number clearly marked on the outside of the package, and sent fr eight pr epaid and insured to a GARMIN authorized warranty service facility . Every GA[...]

P AR T ONE: INTRODUCTION Forewor d . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .i Cautions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .ii Accessories/Packing List . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .i[...]

Section 6: Messages and Unit Settings ( M key) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .71 Appendix A: NavData ® and User Data Card Use . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .81 Appendix B: Installation and Maintenance of the GNC 250 . . . . . . . . . .83 Appendix C: Simulator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .84 Appendix [...]

vii INTRODUC TION Key and Knob Functions K ey and Knob Functions B The power/volume knob controls unit power and radio volume. Q The squelch button activates automatic squelch control. D The direct-to key performs an instant direct-to, allows you to enter a waypoint, and sets a direct course to the destination. T The nearest key is used to obtain i[...]

M The message key is used to view system messages. The M key is also used to access the GNC 250’ s unit settings. See Section 6 for more infor- mation on messages and unit settings. @ The transfer key flip-flops the active and standby frequencies. The clear key is used to erase information or cancel an entry . E The enter key is used to approve[...]

Database Confirmation Page W elcome Page The GARMIN GNC 250 is a powerful navigational tool that pr ovides pilots with accurate navi- gational data and communication capability , along with a host of database infor mation at your fin- gertips. The T akeoff T our is designed to familiarize you with the operation of the GNC 250, including powering up[...]

Enter the altitude manually if necessary . Satellite Status Page Sear ching the Sky Once the database has been acknowledged, the satellite status page will appear , and the GNC 250 will begin to collect satellite information. An ‘Acquiring’ status will be displayed on the Satellite Status page, and the signal values on the bottom line of the pa[...]

Switching the active and standby fr equencies will not r emove the cursor from the comm window . Status page with cursor active in comm window . While the GNC 250 is acquiring a position, let’ s take a minute to dial in the active and standby frequencies you’ll be using for the first phase of your flight. The GNC 250’ s display can be broken [...]

Navigation Communications Page The CDI page with active destination. After the GNC 250 acquires satellites and computes a position, the position page will appear automatically , and you’ll be informed with a ‘Ready for navigation’ message on the message page. The position page displays your present latitude and longitude, altitude and a refer[...]

Entering the dir ect-to waypoint identifier . The CDI page without a dir ect-to destination. Dir ect-to Confirmation Page The GNC 250 uses direct point-to-point navigation to guide you fr om takeoff to touchdown in the VFR environment. Once a destination is selected, the unit will pr o- vide speed, course and distance data based upon a direct cours[...]

In addition to the destination field and graphical CDI, the GNC 250 CDI page fea- tures four selectable fields for various navigation data so that the page may be config- ured to your own prefer ences (see Section 1 for more information). The default set- tings for the CDI page are: • Gr ound Speed (gs)— Y our present speed over the gr ound in [...]

Once a direct-to is activated, the CDI page will provide navigation to the destina- tion until the direct-to is cancelled or another direct-to destination is activated. T o cancel a direct-to fr om the CDI page: 1. Press the C key twice to activate the cursor in the destination field. 2. Press . 3. Press E . The GNC 250’ s NRST key pr ovides th[...]

Once the nearest airport (or any other nearest waypoint) page is displayed, the selected waypoint can be quickly reviewed or selected as a direct-to destination. T o review the selected waypoint fr om the nearest waypoint list : 1. Press C twice to activate the waypoint field. 2. Press E to display the waypoint identification page. 3. Rotate O to v[...]

Section 1 Navigation K ey The GNC 250 features six navigation pages to pr ovide various position, course, speed, status and planning information. The pages may be viewed by pressing the NA V key and rotating the outer knob, or by pressing the NA V key repeatedly . The CDI , NA VCOM and position pages are the primary pages used during in- flight nav[...]

The TO/FROM ar row will indicate whether you ar e ‘to’ or ‘from’ the destination waypoint. The GNC 250’ s CDI page pr ovides you with the important information needed to navigate directly to your destination. The destination field, located at the bottom left of the page, displays the current destination waypoint or active r oute leg being[...]

The following functions may be displayed in the ground speed field: • gs— Y our present speed over the ground. • str— Steer direction and distance, or digital cr osstrack error . An ‘L ’ or ‘R’ indicates which direction to steer , while the distance value indi- cates how far you are of f course. The following functions may be displa[...]

T o change any of the selectable fields on the CDI page: 1. Press C twice to activate the cursor in the GPS window . 2. Rotate O to highlight the field you would like to change. 3. Rotate K to change the field to display the desired information. 4. Rotate O to highlight another field, or C to finish. The next page available from the GNC 250’ s NA[...]

If a frequency has sector or altitude restrictions, the fr equency will be followed by a ‘brg?’ indication. T o view restrictions on a frequency: 1. Press C twice to activate the cursor in the GPS window . 2. Rotate O to highlight the ‘brg?’ next to the frequency you wish to view . 3. Press E to begin viewing restrictions. Once you begin vi[...]

The GNC 250 position page displays your pr esent latitude and longitude, alti- tude and a reference waypoint field. The altitude and r eference waypoint fields are selectable to configure the page to your own prefer ences and current navigation needs. The altitude field can display either the present altitude, minimum safe altitude (MSA) or enroute[...]

The position page also features a refer ence waypoint field , located at the bottom of the page, to indicate your bearing and distance from a selected waypoint. The r ef- erence waypoint field can display the following: • Range, bearing and identifier fr om the nearest airport, VOR, NDB, intersection, or user waypoint • Range, bearing, and iden[...]

The GNC 250’ s satellite status page pr ovides satellite information to monitor GPS coverage and receiver performance. This is helpful when you may be experienc- ing low signal levels due to poor coverage or installation problems. T o view the satellite status page: 1. Press N and rotate O until the satellite status page appears. The top line of [...]

T o change the DOP/EPE field: 1. Press N and rotate O to display the satellite status page. 2. If the desired field (EPE or DOP) is not displayed, press C twice. 3. Use K to change between ‘epe’ and ‘dop’. Press C to finish. The receiver status field , located at the top left of the page, can display the fol- lowing messages under various c[...]

The second and third lines of the satellite status page pr ovide the satellite number and signal strength of each satellite in view . Additional information regarding each satellite’ s azimuth, elevation and other data is also available. T o view individual satellite information: 1. Press N and use O to display the satellite status page. 2. Press[...]

In addition to the other four pages, the GNC 250 features two menu pages to per- form a host of planning and navigation functions. NA V Menu 1 pr ovides access to the following functions: • T rip Planning • Density altitude/true air speed calc. • Fuel Planning • Winds aloft calculations • VNA V Planning • Checklists T o display NA V Men[...]

The density altitude/tr ue airspeed function is also accessed fr om NA V Menu 1. Density altitude is the altitude at which your air craft will perform depending on several environmental conditions, including air pr essure and total air temperature (the tempera- ture including the ef fect of speed, read on a standar d outside temperature gauge on mo[...]

T o perfor m fuel planning operations: 1. Press N and rotate O until NA V Menu 1 is displayed. 2. Press C twice and rotate O until ‘Fuel Plan?’ is highlighted. Press E . 3. Rotate K to select either ‘wpt’ for direct navigation or the desired route number . Press E . 4. For waypoint-waypoint navigation, use K and O to enter the ‘to’ and [...]

The GNC 250’ s winds aloft function is used to calculate the true dir ection and speed of the any winds, and indicates whether you are flying with a head wind or tail wind, and the wind speed. T o calculate winds aloft: 1. Press N and rotate O until NA V Menu 1 is displayed. 2. Press C twice and rotate O until ‘Winds?’ is highlighted. Press E[...]

Y ou will now notice that the vertical speed field has been calculated, based on your present speed. If you desire a mor e rapid climb or descent: 8. Use K and O to enter the new desired vertical speed, or press E to accept the calculated value. 9. Press E to activate the vertical navigation function. If you enter a greater value, the GNC 250 will [...]

T o execute a checklist: 1. Press N and rotate O until NA V Menu 1 is displayed. 2. Press C twice and rotate O until ‘Chklist?’ is highlighted. Press E . 3. Use O to highlight the checklist you would like to see. Press E . 4. Press E to check off list items. T o delete a checklist item or an entire checklist: 1. T o delete a checklist item, hig[...]

When the count down timer reaches zer o, you will be informed with a ‘Timer expired’ message. The timer will then begin to count up, keeping track of how long it has been since it expired. The timers run, if not altered, anytime the GNC 250 is on. The GNC 250 clock function keeps track of both UTC time (Gr eenwich Mean T ime or Zulu Time calcul[...]

The RAIM Prediction function allows you to confirm that GPS coverage is available for a specific location or waypoint any day of the year . R eceiver A utonomous I ntegrity M onitoring performs checks to ensure that the GNC 250 will have adequate satellite geometry to work with during your flight. RAIM availability will be near 100% in Oceanic, En [...]

The scheduler function will display reminder messages after a certain elapsed time such as Change oil, Switch fuel tanks, Overhaul, etc. For example, if you enter ‘Change Oil’ to be displayed in 30 hours, the message ‘Change Oil’ will be displayed after the GNC 250 has been on in Normal operating mode for 30 hours. After appearing, the mess[...]

28 Sunrise/Sunset Planning Page SEC TION 1 NA V KEY Sunrise/Sunset Calculations The GNC 250’ s sunrise/sunset planning function allows you to calculate the time of sunrise or sunset at any waypoint or your present position for a specified date. T o calculate sunrise and sunset times at a waypoint or at your present location: 1. Press N and rotate[...]

Section 2 Communicating with the GNC 250 The GNC 250 features a digital VHF radio that pr ovides a seamless transition from communication to navigation, bringing the two most important functions in flying together in one panel-mount unit. The GNC 250 operates in the aviation voice band, from 118.000 to 136.975 MHz, in 25 kHz steps. Communication fr[...]

T o auto-tune fr om the nearest airport page, pr ess ENT . T o select a fr equency from a list, highlight the desir ed frequency and pr ess ENT . During the course of navigating with the GNC 250, there may be times when you need to quickly select a comm frequency while you are entering data in the GPS win- dow . Whenever data entry in the GPS windo[...]

T o auto-tune a frequency fr om a list displayed in the GPS window: 1. Press C twice to activate the cursor in the GPS window . 2. Rotate O to highlight the desired frequency . 3. Press E to make the selected frequency the standby frequency . Another useful feature integrating the GNC 250’ s navigation and communication capabilities is the Naviga[...]

The GNC 250’ s emergency channel select featur e provides a quick method of selecting the 121.5 MHz frequency as the active frequency in the event of an in-flight emergency . The emergency channel select is available whenever the unit is on, regar d- less of GPS or cursor status, or loss of the display . T o automatically tune for emergency trans[...]

Section 3 W aypoint and Database Information The GNC 250 uses a Jeppesen NavData® card to pr ovide position and facility infor- mation for thousands of airports, VORs, NDBs and intersections. Each facility in the database is stored as a waypoint with its own latitude/longitude, identifier (up to five let- ters and/or numbers), and other pertinent [...]

Airport Position Page VOR Position Page W aypoint Menu Page The GNC 250 organizes waypoints into one of five waypoint categories for your convenience. Each waypoint category provides dif ferent types of detailed information for a selected facility: • Airports - Identifier , city/state, country , facility name, position (lat/lon), elevation, fuel [...]

After a waypoint category is selected, information for a waypoint may be viewed by entering the identifier or name of the desired waypoint. Airports, VORs and NDBs may be entered by either the identifier , name or the location (city) of the facility . Intersections and user waypoints must be entered by the identifier . T o enter a waypoint identifi[...]

Once a waypoint category and identifier have been selected, the GNC 250 will provide extensive information thr ough a set of waypoint pages for the selected cate- gory . W e’ll now go through the pages available for each waypoint category in the order they appear on the waypoint menu page: airports, VORs, NDBs, intersections and user waypoints. A[...]

The GNC 250 features five airport pages: airport identification— allows entry of desired airport by identifier , facility name or city; displays region and/or country of facility . airport position— allows entry of desired airport by identifier; displays latitude, longitude and elevation; indicates usage and fuel availability; displays availabl[...]

1 2 3 6 5 4 The airport position page displays the latitude, longitude and elevation of the selected airport, as well as usage or fuel availability , available approaches and airport control/radar capability . The following descriptions and abbreviations are used on the airport position page: Elevation— In feet or meters Usage/Fuel— If the airp[...]

Airport Communications Page for KCL T . Fr equency Page with Sector Restrictions. Airport Communication Page for 3VS. The airport communication page displays the radio fr equencies and usage for the selected airport, as well as sector and altitude restrictions. T o view the communication page from any of the airport information pages: 1. Rotate O w[...]

The airport runway page displays runway designations, length, surface and lighting for the selected airport, as well as ILS/localizer and/or pilot-controlled light- ing frequencies. T o view the runway page from any of the airport information pages: 1. Rotate O with the flashing cursor removed to display the runway page. 2. T o view additional runw[...]

VOR Information The GNC 250 features three VOR waypoint pages: VOR identification— allows entry of desired VOR by identifier , facility name or city; displays region and/or country of facility . VOR position— allows entry of desired VOR by identifier; displays latitude, longitude and frequency; pr ovides magnetic variation, weather broadcasts a[...]

NDB Information The GNC 250 also uses identification, position and comments pages for NDB information. The NDB waypoint pages are used in the same manner as VOR pages: NDB information is accessed by entering the desired facility’ s identifier , city or name (see page 35) on the NDB identification page. T o scr oll through the NDB pages: 1. Make s[...]

Intersection Information The last database waypoint category available is intersections. T wo intersection pages are available: intersection position and intersection comments. Intersections may be entered by identifier only (not city or name) on either intersection page. T o scr oll through the Intersection pages: 1. Make sure the cursor is not fl[...]

User W aypoint Infor mation In addition to the airport, VOR, NDB and intersection waypoints contained in your NavData® car d, the GNC 250 allows you to store up to 1,000 user -defined waypoints. Once a user waypoint is created, two user waypoint pages will display the following information: • W aypoint identifier • Position in latitude and lon[...]

If the waypoint identifier entered does not exist in the database, you will be prompted to select a method to enter the new waypoint’ s position into the database. If the waypoint exists (you’re just reviewing or editing a user waypoint), skip step 4 and move on to the next set of instructions. 4. Select the desired waypoint entry method using [...]

T o enter/edit a user waypoint position from a r eference waypoint: 1. Use K and O to enter the reference waypoint’ s identifier . 2. Press E . The waypoint’ s position will appear . 3. Use K and O to enter the bearing from the reference waypoint. 4. Press E . 5. Use K and O to enter the distance from the reference waypoint. 6. Press E . The la[...]

The GNC 250’ s AutoStore TM function provides another method of cr eating user waypoints. AutoStore is used to instantly capture your pr esent position as a user way- point with a touch of a button and add the new waypoint to the end of a specified route if desir ed. T o perfor m an AutoStore: 1. Press N and rotate O to display the position page.[...]

The second page available from the GNC 250’ s WPT key is the proximity way- points page . This page allows you to define an alarm circle ar ound a selected waypoint and is useful in defining alarm circles ar ound towers or obstructions. Up to nine prox- imity waypoints can be entered, with an alarm radius of up to 99.9 nm. T o create or edit a pr[...]

The third page available fr om the GNC 250’ s WPT key is the user waypoint list , which can be used to quickly scan, review , rename or delete user waypoints. T o display the user waypoint list: 1. Press W and use O to display the user waypoint list. 2. T o scroll through the list, rotate K . The total number of user waypoints is displayed at the[...]

The last page available through the GNC 250’ s WPT key is the waypoint com- ments page , which lists all waypoints that have a user comment. User comments may be added to 250 waypoints stored in the user or NavData ® database, and allow you to note two lines of special information concerning a particular waypoint. T o enter user comments: 1. Ent[...]

The GNC 250’ s extensive waypoint database makes it possible for several way- points to share the same identifier . T o ensure that you are selecting the waypoint desired, the GNC 250 will always of fer the waypoint confir mation page (which shows the waypoint’ s position) when an identifier is entered for a particular function. T o accept the [...]

Because the GNC 250 relies on a NavData car d for most waypoint information, there may be instances when waypoint information is not available for use. Locked waypoints exist when a waypoint contained in a route or used as a pr oximity way- point is not contained on the NavData card, or no car d is inserted in the unit. If this condition exists, yo[...]

The GNC 250’ s NRST key pr ovides detailed information on the nine nearest airports, VORs, NDBs, intersections and user waypoints within 200 nm of your current position. In addition, it will display the two nearest Flight Service Station (FSS) points of commu- nication and alert you to any Special Use Airspace (SUA) you may be in or near . The NR[...]

The next page available under the GNC 250’ s NRST key is the SUA alert page . The SUA alert page will alert you with up to nine controlled or r estricted airspaces near or in your flight path, according to the following conditions: • If your pr ojected course will take you inside an SUA within the next 10 minutes, the message ‘ SUA ahead <[...]

The SUA alert page contains the following information: The ‘SUA number’ field displays which SUA you ar e viewing (you may be alerted with up to nine SUAs). SUAs are ranked with ‘sua1’ being the highest priority , and ‘sua9’ being the lowest priority fr om your current position. The ‘SUA alert’ field displays the cor responding aler[...]

The following SUA types can appear in the SUA type field: Message Airspace T ype alrt - Alert caut - Caution cl B - Class B cl C - Class C cta - ICAO Contr ol Area dngr - Danger moa - Military Operations Area proh - Prohibited rstc - Restricted tma - ICAO T erminal Control Ar ea trng - T raining trsa - T erminal Radar Ser vice Area unsp - Unspecifi[...]

All SUA alert messages except for prohibited ar eas may be tur ned on or off through the GNC 250’ s unit settings options, found under the MSG key (see page 77). Alerts for prohibited ar eas will always be displayed, regardless of unit settings or operating mode. SUA alerts may be turned off so the pilot can avoid continuous alerts in areas with [...]

Section 5 Dir ect-to & R out e Navigation One of the many benefits of GPS navigation is the ability to fly directly to a way- point or fly a chain of waypoints without using ground-based navigation aids. T o take advantage of the convenience and efficiency pr ovided by point-to-point GPS naviga- tion, the GNC 250 provides two basic methods of s[...]

The GNC 250’ s direct-to function provides a quick method of setting a course to a destination waypoint. Once a direct-to destination is activated, the GNC 250 will establish a point-to-point route line along the gr eat circle from your pr esent position to the destination and provide steering guidance and navigation data to the waypoint until it[...]

Whenever you perform a direct-to, the GNC 250 will set a point-to-point great circle course to your destination. Y ou can also manually define the magnetic course to your destination with the GNC 250’ s course select feature. The course select featur e is available from the bottom line of the dir ect-to confir mation page and works like selecting[...]

2 1 4 5 3 The GNC 250 lets you create up to 20 r outes (numbered 0 through 19), with up to 31 waypoints each. Routes are created, copied and edited thr ough the R key , which features two r oute pages selectable from the GNC 250’ s outer knob: the active route page and the route catalog page . The active r oute page provides information and editi[...]

The route action field , located at the top right of the page, is used to select the desir ed route operation. The following functions ar e available: • Activate - activate the route for navigation • Reverse - activate a route in r everse order • Edit - create a new r oute, or edit an existing route • Delete - delete a route • Copy - copy[...]

T o delete a waypoint: 1. Rotate O to highlight the waypoint you wish to delete. 2. Press to remove the name, then press E to delete. 3. Repeat steps 1 and 2 to delete additional waypoints, or press C to finish. T o delete an entire r oute: 1. Use K to display the route number you would like to delete (route 0 for the active route). 2. Press C tw[...]

The route action field also featur es a copy function that permits you to copy any route to another open storage r oute. The copy function can be used to save the con- tents of the active route (r oute 0) to an open storage route. T o copy a r oute: 1. Press R and use O to display the route catalog page. 2. Use K to display the route to which you w[...]

The GNC 250’ s search and rescue function pr ovides navigation guidance for search and r escue operations, navigating in a ladder patter n to maximize coverage and efficiency . This is done in reference to two waypoints called ‘anchor waypoints’. The first leg will be a specified distance from the line connecting the anchor waypoints. This is[...]

During route navigation, it is sometimes desirable to navigate a specified distance away from the ‘active leg’ to help avoid certain airspaces or r egions. The GNC 250’ s parallel track feature will automatically guide you along a selected offset from the active leg. T o use offset navigation, or parallel track: 1. Press R and use O to displa[...]

Flying and Modifying the Active Route Once a route has been cr eated and activated, the GNC 250 will provide navigation to each route waypoint thr ough the active route and CDI pages. Fr om the active route page, you may also create and modify the active r oute. The CDI page will display detailed navigation data on your progr ess to each route wayp[...]

The leg field can be selected to display cumulative distance or the distance for each route leg. If cumulative is selected, the first leg’ s distance will be displayed. The second leg will represent the first leg’ s distance plus the second leg, and so on. The time field may be configured to display the estimated time enr oute (ete), estimated [...]

T o delete a waypoint fr om the active route: 1. Press C twice, if necessary , to activate the cursor . 2. Use O to highlight the waypoint you would like to delete from the active route. 3. Press , followed by E . The next route waypoint (if available) will move up to take the position of the deleted waypoint. The active route page also allows yo[...]

T o ‘hold’ on the active-to waypoint: 1. Press D . The direct-to confirmation page will appear . 2. Rotate O to highlight the waypoint sequencing field, and rotate K to select ‘hold’. 3. Press E . The cursor will advance to the course select field where you may manually enter the desired course to the ‘hold’ waypoint. The default course[...]

Section 6 Messages and Unit Settings The GNC 250’ s MSG key provides access to system messages and allows you to cus- tomize your GPSCOM to your own preferences thr ough a settings submenu. Whenever the GNC 250 needs to alert you to a navigation, communication or system message, the annunciator light next to the M key will flash. Some messages ar[...]

T o change the CDI scale : 1. Press and hold M , and rotate O to select the ‘CDI Settings’ page. 2. Press C twice and rotate K to select ‘Auto’, ‘ + - 5.0 nm’, ‘ + - 1.0 nm’ or ‘ + - 0.3 nm’. 3. Rotate O to highlight ‘ok?’ and press E to approve. Note: the selected CDI scale will not take effect until approved. The scale val[...]

If ‘auto’ mag var is selected, all track, course and heading information will be corrected with the variation computed by the GPS. The ‘true’ setting will reference all information to true north, and the ‘user’ setting will correct information to an entered value. The GNC 250’ s arrival alarm can be set to notify the pilot with a mess[...]

The GNC 250’ s battery saver featur e can be programmed to automatically turn off the display when using the optional remote battery pack. This will increase the remote battery life in event of power failure. During this time, the GNC 250 will continue to navigate and track satellites, but will not display information until a key is pressed or a [...]

The trip timer pr ovides a running clock on NA V Menu 2 (see page 25), and can be configured to run when power is on or when your gr ound speed exceeds a user -defined minimum. T o change the trip timer settings: 1. Press and hold M , and use O to display the trip timer settings page. 2. Press C twice to activate the cursor . 3. Use K to select eit[...]

The available units of measure are: position : • degrees, minutes and seconds (dms) [hddd° mm’ ss.s”] • degrees and minutes (dm) [hddd° mm.mmm’] altitude : • feet (ft) • meters (mt) vertical speed : • feet per minute (fpm) • meters per minute (mpm) • meters per second (mps) nav units : • nautical miles and knots (nm, kt) •[...]

The Special Use Airspace settings page will allow you turn the controlled/restrict- ed airspace message alerts on or off. This will not af fect the alerts being listed on the nearest page. It will simply turn off the warning when you are appr oaching or near an SUA. W arnings can be tur ned off for the following airspaces: class B/cta : ICAO contro[...]

The GNC 250 NavData ® card contains over 100 map datums for you to use when navigating. By default, your unit calculates positions using the WGS-84 map datum. If you are using charts based on another datum, you must set the GNC 250 to use the same datum. Using a map datum that does not match the sectionals you are using can result in significant d[...]

The last page available under the GNC 250’ s setup menu is the I/O setup page . The I/O setup page lets you configure the GNC 250 to output to a RS-232 mapping device or a PC (with the optional GARMIN PC Kit or other mapping softwar e) and select the appropriate baud rate. The I/O setup page only pr ovides access to I/O chan- nel 2 output. For in[...]

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Appendix A NavData ® and User D ata Installation and Oper ation The NavData card supplied with your GNC 250 can be installed or r emoved when the GNC 250 is on or off. Insert the car d with the thumb tab at the top, and the beveled corner at the bottom. If the NavData card is not present when the unit is powered on, you will receive a ‘No Jeppes[...]

T o restor e user data from a user data card to the GNC 250: 1. Install the user data card. 2. Rotate O to highlight ‘Restore user data?’. 3. Press E . The GNC 250 will ask you which type of data to replace. Y ou may choose check- lists, scheduler messages, user waypoints, proximity waypoints, r outes, waypoint comments, or all data. 4. Rotate [...]

Appendix B Installation, R emo val and Maintenance of the GNC 250 The aviation rack is designed to allow easy removal of the GNC 250. This enables you to use the unit at home to create r outes, interface to a PC, etc. using an optional AC adapter . T o install the GNC 250 into the aviation rack: 1. Insert a 3/32” allen wrench in the small hole ad[...]

The GNC 250’ s simulator mode allows you to plan and practice flights in your home and office using an optional r emote batter y pack or AC adapter . The simulator is not accessible when the GNC 250 is running off the master avionics switch. All waypoint and route planning done in simulator mode will be saved in the unit’ s inter- nal memory . [...]

T o enter an initial position reference by waypoint identifier: 1.Rotate O to highlight the waypoint identifier field. 2. Use K and O to spell out the identifier of the desired airport, navaid or user waypoint. 3. Press E to confirm the identifier . The waypoint confirmation page will appear , display- ing the waypoint’ s position. 4. Press E to [...]

Altitude input fail - The altitude serializer input is not available for the GNC 250. Check the I/O settings and/or the serializer installation. If enough satellites are available for a 3D position fix, no pilot action is required, pr oviding no RAIM warnings are pre- sent. If only a 2D fix is possible, the pilot should maintain the GPS altitude wi[...]

Comment memory full - The waypoint comment memory is full. Y ou must delete existing waypoint comments before adding new ones. Configuration reset - The GNC 250 has detected a failure in its installation configuration memory . Data fr om the user memory has been used to reset the configuration. Check the installation settings for correctness. If th[...]

Leg not smoothed - The upcoming leg is too short for smooth waypoint transitions. Expect a rapid change in the CDI. Memory battery low - The battery that sustains user memory is low and should be replaced by an authorized GARMIN service center as soon as possible. Failure to do so may result in loss of stor ed data, including all user waypoints and[...]

RAIM not available - The GNC 250 is unable to cross-check its position using RAIM. Y ou may continue to navigate using visual flight rules. Y our posi- tion should be verified every 15 minutes using other navigation sources. If you have selected a CDI scale other than ‘Auto’, select- ing a larger CDI scale may r emove the condi- tions causing t[...]

Searching the sky - The GNC 250 is in the sear ch-the-sky mode. Allow the unit to complete data collection before turning it off. Start altitude chng - The altitude change entered on the VNA V Planning page is about to begin. Steep turn ahead - This message appears appr oximately 90 sec - onds prior to a turn that requires a bank angle in excess of[...]

91 APPENDIX D Messages & Abbreviations This section of Appendix D provides a complete list of GNC 250 abbr eviations and their meanings. AL T - Altitude APP- Approach APR- Approach APT - Airport W aypoint AR V - Arrival A TF- Aer odrome T raffic Frequency A TS- Automatic T erminal Information Service (A TIS) A VGS- A viation Gas AZM- Azimuth (b[...]

92 APPENDIX D Messages & Abbreviations SEC TION D MESS AGES & ABBREVIA TIONS JET A- Jet Fuel - T ype A JET B- Jet Fuel - T ype B KH- Kilometers Per Hour KM- Kilometers KT- Knots LB- Pounds LCL- Local LEN- Length LFOB - Leftover Fuel On Board LFLOW- Left Fuel Flow LOC- Localizer LT - Liters MAG V AR - Magnetic V ariation MB- Millibars Of Pre[...]

93 APPENDIX E Specifications R TE- Route RX- Receive Only SAR- Sear ch And Rescue SEC- Seconds SEQ- Sequence SGL- Signal SLCT - Select SRFC- Surface STR- Steer T o T ACAN- T ACtical Air Navigational Aid T AS- T rue Airspeed TAT - T otal Air T emperature TEMP- T emperature TMA- ICAO T erminal Control Area TRK- T rack Angle TRN- T ur n Angle TRSA- T [...]

94 APPENDIX F Map Datums SEC TION E SPECIFIC A TIONS Appendix E Specifications PHYSICAL Size: 6.25”W x 5.8”D x 2”H (159mm x 147mm x 51mm) W eight: 39 ounces (1.11kg) Rack Size: 6.32”W x 5.64”D x 2”H (161mm x 143mm x 51mm) Rack W eight: 11 ounces (0.31kg) POWER Input: 10-15V DC with power cable (aircraft power) Optional remote battery pa[...]

Appendix F Map Datums 95 APPENDIX F Map Datums ADINDAN Ethiopia, Mali, Senegal, Sudan AFGOOYE Somalia AIN EL ABD 1970 Bahrain Island, Saudi Arabia ANNA 1 ASTRO 1965 Cocos Islands ARC 1950 Botswana, Lesotho, Malawi, Swaziland, Zaire, Zambia, Zimbabwe ARC 1960 Kenya, T anzania ASCENSION IS 1958 Ascension Island ASTRO B4 SOROL A TOLL T ern Island ASTR[...]

96 LUZON PHILIPPINES Philippines (excluding Mindanao Isl.) MAHE 1971 Mahe Island MARCO ASTRO Salvage Islands MASSA W A Eritrea (Ethiopia) MERCHICH Morocco MIDW AY ASTRO 1961 Midway Island MINNA Nigeria NAD27 ALASKA North American 1927- Alaska NAD27 BAHAMAS Bahamas (excluding San Salvador Island) NAD27 CANADA Canada (including Newfoundland Island) N[...]

97 APPENDIX G Index Appendix G Index A Abbreviations 91-93 Accessory list iii Activating a direct-to 5, 58-60 Activating a route 63 Activating a route in r everse 63 Active frequency 3, 29 Active to & from waypoints 58 Active route page 61, 67 Adding waypoints to a route 62, 68 Airport comments page 36, 37 Airport communications page 37, 39 Air[...]

98 APPENDIX G Index E Editing routes 62-63, 67-69 Editing user waypoints 44,46,49 ENT key viii Entering waypoints 35,46 EPE 16 Emergency channel select 32 F Forewor d i Flying the active route 67-70 Fuel planning 20, 21 G Going to a nearest airport 53 GPS planning 26 Ground speed (setting) 85 I Inner knob viii Initial position reference page 84-85 [...]

99 APPENDIX G Index R RAIM prediction 26 RAIM protection 72 Radar information 38 Receiver status 16-17 Removal of the GNC 250 83 Renaming user waypoints 47,49 Restoring user data 81-82 Reversing a route 63 Route catalog page 61 Route comments 61 Route key vii Route navigation 58 Routes 61-70 Runway page 40 Runway surface 40, 73 S Satellite acquisit[...]

100 APPENDIX G Index W aypoint scanning 52 W aypoint sequencing 69-70 W aypoints with comments 50 W inds aloft 22 SEC TION G INDEX 250 real 7/14/98 9:33 AM Page 100[...]

250 real 7/14/98 9:33 AM Page 101[...]

© 1995 GARMIN International 9875 W idmer , Lenexa, KS 66215, USA GARMIN/Europe L TD Robert House, Station Approach Romsey , Hampshire SO51 8DU UK Part No. 190-00067-50 Rev . A ® 250 real 7/14/98 9:33 AM Page 102[...]