HP (Hewlett-Packard) 2610 manuale d’uso

Adv anced T raffic Management Guide 261 0 261 0-PWR Pr oCurv e Switches R. 11.XX www .procurv e.com[...]

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ProCurve Switch 2610 Series Switch 2610-PWR Series December 2007 Advanced T raffic Management Guide[...]

© Copyright 2007 Hewlett-Packar d Development Company, L.P . The information c ontained herein is subject to chan ge without notice. Publication Number 5991-8641 December 2007 Applicable Products ProCurve Switch 2 610-24 (J9085A) ProCurve Switch 2 610-48 (J9088A) ProCurve Switch 2 610-24-PWR (J9087A) ProCurve Switch 2 610-48-PWR (J9089A) ProCurve [...]

Contents Product Documentation Software Feature Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xiv 1 Getting Started Contents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [...]

Multiple VLAN Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-10 Single-Forwa rding Database Operatio n . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-12 Example of an Unsup ported Configurat ion and How to Correct It . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-12 Multiple-Forwar[...]

Per-Port Options fo r Dynamic VLAN Advertising and Joining . . . . . . 3- 8 GVRP and VLAN Access Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-10 Port-Leave From a Dynamic VLAN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-10 Planning f or GVRP Ope ration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-[...]

Using the Switch as Querier . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-22 Querier Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-22 Excluding Multicast Addresses from IP Mult icast Filtering . . . . . . . . . . . 4-23 5 Spanning-Tree Operation Contents . . . . . . . .[...]

How MSTP Operates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-49 Regions, Legacy STP and RSTP Switches, and the Common Configuring Basic Port Connectivity Parameters MST Regions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-49 Spanning Tree (CST) . . . . . . . . . . . .[...]

Planning a QoS Co nfigurati on . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-15 Prioritizin g and Monitor ing QoS Conf iguration Op tions . . . . . . 6-15 Policy Enforcement Engine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-15 QoS Resource Usage and M onitoring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-15 [...]

QoS Messages in the CLI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-65 QoS Operating Notes and Restrictions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-66 7 IP Routing Features Contents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-[...]

Displaying IRDP Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-25 Configuring DHCP Relay . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-26 Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-26 DHCP Packet Forwarding . . . [...]

Operating Rules for Stacking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-7 General Rules . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-7 Specific Rules . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-8 Configuring Stack Management . . . . . .[...]

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Product Documentation Note For the latest version of all ProCurve switch documentation, including release notes covering recently added features, visit the ProC urve Networking website at www .procurve.com . Click on T echnical support , and then c lick on Product manuals . Printed Publications The two public ations listed below are prin ted and sh[...]

Product Documentation Software Feature Index For the software manual set supporting y our switch model, t he following feature index indicates wh ich manual to consult fo r information on a given software feature. (Note that some soft ware features are not supported on all switch models.) Feature Management and Configuration Advanced T raffic Manag[...]

Product Documentation Feature Management and Configuration Advanced T raffic Management Access Security Guide File T ransfers X - - Friendly Port Names X GVRP - X - IGMP - X - Interface Access (T elnet , Console/Serial, Web) X - - Jumbo Packets X - - IP Addressing X - - IP Routing - X - LACP X - - Link X - - LLDP X - - LLDP-MED X - - MAC Address Ma[...]

Product Documentation Feature Management and Configuration Advanced T raffic Management Access Security Guide Port-Based Access Control - - X Port-Based Priority (802.1Q) X - - Power over Ethernet (PoE) X - - Quality of Service (QoS) - X - RADIUS ACLs - - X RADIUS Authenticat ion and Accounting - - X Routing - X - Secure Copy X - - sFlow X SF TP X [...]

Product Documentation Feature Management and Configuration Advanced T raffic Management Access Security Guide VLANs - X - W eb-based Authentication - - X Xmodem X - - xvii[...]

Product Documentation xviii[...]

1 Getting Started Contents Contents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-2 Conventions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .[...]

Getting Started Introduction Introduction This Advanced T raffic Management Guide describes how to manage and configure advanced tr affic management features on your swit ch. It supports the following switches: ■ ProCurve Series 2610 ■ ProCurve Series 2610-PWR For an overview of other product docu mentation f or the above switches, refer to “[...]

Getting Started Conventions ■ Braces within square brackets ( [ < > ] ) indicate a required element within an op tional choice. ■ Boldface indicat e s use of a CLI command , part of a CLI command syntax, or other displayed element in genera l text. For example: “Use the copy tftp command to download the key from a TF TP server .” ■ [...]

Getting Started Sources for More Information Port Identity Examples This guide describes software applicable to both chassis- based and stackable ProCurve switches. Where port identities are needed in an ex ample, this guide uses the chassis-based port id entity system, such as “A 1”, “B3 - B5”, “C7”, etc. However , unless otherwise not[...]

Getting Started Need Only a Quick Start? ■ For information on a specific comm and in the CLI, type the co mmand name follo wed by “h elp”. For example: Figure 1-3. Getting Help in the CLI ■ For information on specific featur es in the W eb browser interface, use the online help. For m ore information, refer to the Management and Configurati[...]

Getting Started Need Only a Quick Start? T o Set Up and In stall the Switch in Y our Network Important! Use the Installation and Getting Started Guide shippe d with your swit ch for the followin g: ■ Notes, cauti ons, and warn ings related to installi ng and usin g the switch and its related modules ■ Instructions fo r physically i nstalling th[...]

2 Static V irtual LANs (VLANs) Contents Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-3 Port-Based Virtual LANs (Static VLANs) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-4 Overview of Using VLANs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [...]

Static Virtual LANs (VLANs) Contents Effect of VLANs on Other Sw itch Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-38 Spanning Tree Op eration with VLANs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-38 IP Interfaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-39 VLAN MAC Addresses . . . . . . . . .[...]

Static Virtual LANs (VLANs) Overview Overview This chapter describes h ow to configure an d use static, po rt-based VLANs on the switches covered by this manual. For general information on how to use th e switch’ s built-in interfaces, refer to these chapters in the Management and Configurat ion Guide for your switch: ■ Chapter 3, “Using the [...]

Static Virtual LANs (VLANs) Port-Based Virtual LA Ns (Static VLANs) Port-Based V irtual LANs (Static VLANs) VLAN Features Feature Default Menu CLI Web view existing VLANs n/a page 2-15 thru 2-21 page 2-22 page 2-29 configuring static default VLAN with page 2-15 page 2-21 page 2-29 VLANs VID = 1 thru 2-21 configuring dynamic disabled See the chapter[...]

Static Virtual LANs (VLANs) Port-Based Virtual LA Ns (Static VLANs) General Use and Operation. Port-based VLANs are typically used to reduce broadcast traffic and to increas e security . A group of network users assigned to a VLAN forms a broadcast domain that i s separate from other VLANs that ma y be configured o n a sw itch. On a given switch, p[...]

Static Virtual LANs (VLANs) Port-Based Virtual LA Ns (Static VLANs) ProCurve Switch Figure 2-2. Example of Overlapping VLANs Usin g the Same Server Similarly , usin g 802.1Q-complia nt switches, you can connect mult iple VLANs through a single switch-to-sw itch link. ProCurve Switch ProCurve Switch Figure 2-3. Example of Connect ing Multiple VLANs [...]

Non-802.1Q- compliant switch Switch Switch 2524 Static Virtual LANs (VLANs) Port-Based Virtual LA Ns (Static VLANs) ProCurve Switch ProCurve Switch Untagged VLAN Links T agged VLAN Link Figure 2-4. Example of T a gged and Untagged VLAN T echnology in the Same Network For more information on VLANs, refer to: ■ “Overview of Using VLANs” (page 2[...]

Static Virtual LANs (VLANs) Port-Based Virtual LA Ns (Static VLANs) features and ensure that m ultiple instances of DHCP or Bootp on different VLANs do not result in confl icting configuration values for the swi tch. The primary VLAN is the VLAN the switch uses to run and manage these features and data. In the factory-default config uration, the sw[...]

Static Virtual LANs (VLANs) Port-Based Virtual LA Ns (Static VLANs) Per -Port Static VLAN Configuration Options The followi ng figure and table show the options you have for assigning individual ports to a stat ic VLAN. Note that GVRP , if config ured, affects these options and VLAN b ehavior on the switch . The display be low shows the per - port [...]

Static Virtual LANs (VLANs) Port-Based Virtual LA Ns (Static VLANs) General Steps for Using VLANs 1. Plan your VLAN strategy and create a map o f the logical to pology that wi ll result from configuring VLANs. Incl ude consideration fo r the interac tion between VLANs an d other fe atures such as Spanning T ree Protocol , load balancing, and IGMP .[...]

Static Virtual LANs (VLANs) Port-Based Virtual LA Ns (Static VLANs) showing th e (differe nt) sour ce VLAN and source port . Other switch models have a single-forwarding database , which means they allow only one data- base entry of a unique MAC address, along with the source VLAN and source port on which it is found (see T able 2- 6). Not all VLAN[...]

Static Virtual LANs (VLANs) Port-Based Virtual LA Ns (Static VLANs) Series 2600/2600-PWR switches Multiple-Forwarding Databases* Single-Forwarding Database* Series 2510 switches *T o determine whether other vendors’ devices use single-forwarding or multiple-forwarding database architectures, refer to the documentation provided for those devices. [...]

Static Virtual LANs (VLANs) Port-Based Virtual LA Ns (Static VLANs) Switch 8000M VLAN 1 VLAN 2 Multiple-Forwarding Database Switch Routing Enabled (Same MAC address for all VLANs.) VLAN 1 VLAN 2 This switch has mult iple forwarding databa ses. This switch ha s a single forwarding database. PC “A” PC “B” A1 B1 C1 D1 Figure 2-8. Example of In[...]

Static Virtual LANs (VLANs) Port-Based Virtual LA Ns (Static VLANs) The Solution. T o avoid the preceding problem, use only one cable or port trunk between th e single-forward ing and multiple -forwardin g database devices, and configure th e link with multiple, tagged VLANs. Switch 8000M VLAN 1 VLAN 2 Multiple-Forwarding Database Switch (Routing E[...]

Static Virtual LANs (VLANs) Port-Based Virtual LA Ns (Static VLANs) 2610 Swi tch VLAN 1 VLAN 2 Multiple-Forwarding Database Switch VLAN 1 VLAN 2 Both switches have multiple fo rwarding databases. Figure 2-10. Example of a Valid T o pology for Devices Having Multi ple-Forwarding Databases in a Multiple VLAN Environm ent Menu: Configuring VLAN Parame[...]

Static Virtual LANs (VLANs) Port-Based Virtual LA Ns (Static VLANs) Figure 2-11. The Default VLAN Su pport Screen 2. Press [E] (for E dit ), then do one or more of the following: ■ T o change the maximum number o f VLANs, type the new number . (For the maximum number of VLANs allowed, refer to table 2-1 on page 2-4.) ■ T o designate a differe n[...]

Static Virtual LANs (VLANs) Port-Based Virtual LA Ns (Static VLANs) An asterisk indicates you must reboot the switch to impl ement the new Maximum VLANs setting. Figure 2-12. VLAN Menu Screen In dicating the Need T o Reboot the Switch – If you changed the VLAN Support option, yo u must reboot the switch before the Maximum VLANs change can ta ke e[...]

Static Virtual LANs (VLANs) Port-Based Virtual LA Ns (Static VLANs) Default VLAN and VLAN ID Figure 2-13. The Defa ult VLAN Names Screen 2. Press [A] (for A dd ). Y ou will then be prompted for a new V L AN name and VLAN ID: 802.1Q VLAN ID : 1 Name : _ 3. T ype in a VID (VLAN ID number). Th is can be any number from 2 to 4094 that is not already be[...]

Static Virtual LANs (VLANs) Port-Based Virtual LA Ns (Static VLANs) Example of a New VLAN and ID Figure 2-14. Example of VLAN Names Sc reen with a New VLAN Added 6. Repeat steps 2 through 5 to add more VLANs. Remember that you can add VLANs un til you reach the number specified in the Ma ximum VLANs to support field on the VLAN Support screen (see [...]

Static Virtual LANs (VLANs) Port-Based Virtual LA Ns (Static VLANs) A port can be assigned to several VLANs, but only one of those assignments can be “Untagged”. Default: In this example, the “VLAN-22” has been defined, but no ports have yet been assigned to it. (“No” means the port is not assigne d to that VLAN.) Using GVRP? If you pla[...]

Static Virtual LANs (VLANs) Port-Based Virtual LA Ns (Static VLANs) Ports A4 and A 5 are assigned to both VLANs. Ports A6 and A7 are assigned onl y to VLAN-22. All other por ts are assigned onl y to the Default VLAN. Figure 2-16. Example of VLAN Assignment s for Specific Ports For information on VLAN tags (“U ntagged” and “T agged”), refer [...]

Static Virtual LANs (VLANs) Port-Based Virtual LA Ns (Static VLANs) VLAN Commands Used in this S ection show vlans below show vlan < vlan-id > page 2-23 max-vlans page 2-26 primary-vlan < vlan-id > page 2-26 [no] vlan < vlan-id > page 2-26 name < vlan-name > page 2-28 [no] tagged < port-list > page 2-28 [no] untagged &[...]

Static Virtual LANs (VLANs) Port-Based Virtual LA Ns (Static VLANs) Displaying the Configuration for a Particular VLAN This comman d uses the VID to identify an d display the data for a specific static or dynamic VLAN. Syntax : show vlan < vlan-id > Figure 2-18. Example of “Show VLAN ” for a Specific Static VLAN Show VLAN lists this data [...]

Static Virtual LANs (VLANs) Port-Based Virtual LA Ns (Static VLANs) Showing Port Details for VLANs The show vlan ports detail option al lows you to display VLAN memberships on a per -port ba sis when a ra nge of ports i s specified in the co mma nd. In addi tion, user -specified port name s will be displ ayed (if assigned), along with tagged or unt[...]

Static Virtual LANs (VLANs) Port-Based Virtual LA Ns (Static VLANs) The follow examples illust rate the displayed output depend ing on whether the detail option is used. ProCurve(config)# show vlan ports a1-a3 3 Status and Counters - VLAN Information - for ports A1-A33 VLAN ID Name | Status Voice Jumbo ------- ----------------- + ---------- ----- -[...]

Static Virtual LANs (VLANs) Port-Based Virtual LA Ns (Static VLANs) Changing the Number of VLANs Allowed on the Switch By default, t he switch allo ws a maxi mum of 8 VLANs. Y ou can specify any value from 1 to th e upper limit f or the sw itch. (Refer to table 2-1 on page 2-4 .) If GVRP is enabled, t his setting i ncl udes any dynami c VLANs on th[...]

Static Virtual LANs (VLANs) Port-Based Virtual LA Ns (Static VLANs) Syntax : vlan < vlan-id > [name < name-str >] Creates a new static VLAN if a VLAN with that VID does not already exist, and places you in that VLAN’ s context level. If you do not use the name option , the switch uses “VLAN” and the new VID to automatically name t[...]

Static Virtual LANs (VLANs) Port-Based Virtual LA Ns (Static VLANs) For example, suppo se a dynamic VLAN with a VID of 125 exists on the switch. The following command converts the VLAN to a static VLAN. ProCurve(config)# static-vlan 125 Configuring Static VLAN Name and Per -Port Settings The vlan < vlan-id > command, used with the opti ons li[...]

Static Virtual LANs (VLANs) Port-Based Virtual LA Ns (Static VLANs) ProCurve(config)# vlan 100 name Blue_Team ProCurve(config)# vlan 100 tagged 1-5 T o move to the vlan 100 context le v el and execute th e same commands: ProCurve(config)# vlan 100 ProCurve(vlan-100)# name Blue_Team ProCurve(vlan-100)# tagged 1-5 Similarly , to change the tagged por[...]

Static Virtual LANs (VLANs) Port-Based Virtual LA Ns (Static VLANs) 802.1Q VLAN T agging VLAN tagging enabl e s traffic from more than one VLAN to use the sam e port. (Even when two or more VLANs use the same port they re main as separate domains and cannot receive traffic from each other without going through an external router .) As me ntioned ea[...]

Static Virtual LANs (VLANs) Port-Based Virtual LA Ns (Static VLANs) ■ In switch X: • VLANs assigned to ports X1 - X6 ca n all be untagged because there is only one VLAN assignment per port. Red VLAN traffic will go out only the Red ports; Green VLAN traf fic wi ll go out only the Green ports, and so on. Devices connected to these port s do not [...]

Static Virtual LANs (VLANs) Port-Based Virtual LA Ns (Static VLANs) VLAN tagging gives you several options: ■ Since the purp ose of VLAN taggin g is to allow multiple VLAN s on the same port, any port that has only one VLAN assigned to it can be configured as “Untagged” (the default). ■ Any port that has two or more VLAN s assigned to it ca[...]

Static Virtual LANs (VLANs) Port-Based Virtual LA Ns (Static VLANs) The VLANs assigned to ports X3, X4, Y2, Y3, and Y4 can all be untagged because there is only one VLAN assigned per port. Port X1 has multiple VLANs assigned, which means that one VLAN a ssigned to this port can be untagged and any others must be tagged. The same applies to ports X2[...]

Static Virtual LANs (VLANs) Port-Based Virtual LA Ns (Static VLANs) The Secure Management VLAN Configures a secure Management VLAN by creating an isol ated network for managing the following ProCurve swit ches that support this feature: • Series 2600 switches • Series 4100gl switches • Series 2600-PWR switches • S eries 4200vl swi tches •[...]

Static Virtual LANs (VLANs) Port-Based Virtual LA Ns (Static VLANs) Links with Ports Belo nging to the Management VLAN and othe r VLANs Links Between Port s on a Hub and Ports belonging to the Manage ment VLAN Links Not Belonging to the Management VLAN Links to Ot her Device s Hub Y Switch A Hub X Switch B Server Switch C Management W orkstations ?[...]

Static Virtual LANs (VLANs) Port-Based Virtual LA Ns (Static VLANs) Figure 2-28. Example of Manage ment VLAN Control in a LAN T able 2-3. VLAN Membership in Figure 2-28 Switch A1 A3 A6 A7 B2 B4 B5 B9 C2 C3 C6 C8 Management VLAN (VID = 7) Y N N Y Y Y N N Y N N N M a r k e t i n g V L A N ( V I D = 1 2 ) N N N N N N N N N Y Y Y Shipping Dept. VLAN (V[...]

Static Virtual LANs (VLANs) Port-Based Virtual LA Ns (Static VLANs) Configuration Syntax : [ no ] m anagement-vlan < vlan-id | vlan-name > Default: Disabled T o confirm the Management VL AN configuration, use the show running-config command. For example, suppose you have al ready configured a VLAN name d My_VLAN with a VID of 100. Now you wan[...]

Static Virtual LANs (VLANs) Port-Based Virtual LA Ns (Static VLANs) ■ During a T elnet session to the switch, if you configure th e Ma nagement- VLAN to a VID that excludes the port thr ough which you are connected to the switch, you will continue to have access only until you terminate the session by logging ou t or rebooting the swit ch. ■ Du[...]

Static Virtual LANs (VLANs) Port-Based Virtual LA Ns (Static VLANs) links are in separate VLANs. However , you can use por t trunking to preven t Spanning T ree from unnecessarily bl ocking ports (and to improve overall network performance). Refer to “RSTP and STP Operation with 802.1Q VLANs” on page 5-9. Note that Spanning T ree operates diff [...]

Static Virtual LANs (VLANs) Port-Based Virtual LA Ns (Static VLANs) Port T runks When assigning a port trunk to a VLAN, all ports in the trunk are automatically assigned to the same VLAN. Y ou cannot split trunk members across multiple VLANs. Also, a port trunk is tagged, untagged, or excl uded from a VLAN in the same way as for individual, unt run[...]

3 GVRP Contents Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-2 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-3 General Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [...]

GVRP Overview Overview This chapter describes GVRP and how to configure it with the sw itch’ s built- in interfaces, and assumes an understanding of VLANs, which ar e described in Chapter 2, “Static V irtual LANs (VLANs)”. For general information on how to use th e switch’ s built-in interfaces, refer to these chapters in the Management and[...]

GVRP Introduction Introduction Feature Default Menu CL I We b view GVRP configuration n/a page 3-12 page 3-13 page 3-16 list static and dynamic VLANs n/a — page 3-15 page 3-16 on a GVRP-enabled switch enable or disable GVRP disabled page 3-12 page 3-14 page 3-16 enable or disable GVRP on enabled page 3-12 page 3-14 — individual ports control ho[...]

GVRP Introduction General Operation When GVRP is enabled on a switch, the VID for any static VLANs configured on the switch is advertised (using BPDUs—Bridge Prot ocol Data Units) out all ports, regardless of whether a port is up or assigned to any p articular VLAN. A GVRP-aware port on an other device th at receives the adve rtisements over a li[...]

GVRP Introduction Note that if a static VLAN is configu r ed on at least one port of a switch, and that port has established a link wi th anot her device, then all other ports of that switch will send adve rtis ements for that VLAN. For example, in the follo wing figure, T agged VLAN ports on switch “A” and switch “C” advertise VLANs 22 and[...]

GVRP Introduction ■ If the switch already has a static VLAN assignment with the same VID as in the advertisement, and the port is configured to Auto for that VLAN, then the port will dy namically jo in the VLAN and begin moving that VLAN’ s traffic. (For more detail on Auto , see “Per -Port Options for Dynamic VLAN Advertising and Joining” [...]

GVRP Introduction T able 3-1. Options for Ha ndling “Unknown VLAN” Advertisem ents: Unknown VLAN Mode Operation Learn Enables the port to become a member of any unknown VLAN for which it (the Default) receives an advertisement. Allows the port to advertise other VLANs that have at least one other port on the same switch as a member . Block Prev[...]

GVRP Introduction Per -Port Options for Dyna mic VLAN Advertising and Joining Initiating Advertisements. As described in the pr eceding section, to enable dynamic joins, GV RP must be enabled and a port must be configured to Learn (the defaul t). However , to send advertisements i n your network, one or more static ( T agged , Untagged , o r Auto )[...]

GVRP Introduction T able 3-2. Contro lling VLAN Behavio r on Ports wit h Static VLANs Per -Port “Unknown VLAN” (GVRP) Configuration Static VLAN Options—Per VLAN Specified on Each Port 1 Port Activity: T agged or Untagged (Per VLAN) 2 Port Activity: Auto 2 (Per VLAN) Port Activity: Forbid (Per VLAN) 2 Learn (the Default) The port: • B elongs[...]

GVRP Introduction As the preceding table indicates, when you enable GVRP , a port that has a T a gged or Untagged stati c VLAN has the option for both gene rating adve rtise- ments and dyna mically joinin g other VLANs. Note In table 3- 2, above, the Unknown VLAN parameters are configured on a per - port basis using the CLI. The T agged, Untagged, [...]

GVRP Introduction Planning for GVRP Operation These steps outline the proc edure for setting up dynamic VLANs for a seg- ment. 1. Determine the VLAN topol ogy you want for each segm ent (broadcast domain) on your network. 2. Determine the VLANs that must be static and the VLANs that can be dynamically propagated. 3. Determine the device or dev ices[...]

GVRP Introduction Menu: Viewing and Configuring GVRP 1. From the Main Menu, select: 2. Switch Configuration . . . 8. VLAN Menu . . . 1. VLAN Support Figure 3-4. The VLAN Support Sc reen (Default Confi guration) 2. Do the f ollowing to enable GVRP and di splay the Unknown VLAN fields: a. Press [E] (for E dit ). b. Use [v] to move the cursor to the G[...]

GVRP Introduction 3. Use the arrow keys to sel ect the port you want, and the Space ba r to select Unknown VLAN option for any po rts you want to change. 4. When you finish making config uration changes, press [Enter] , then [S] (for S ave ) to save your changes to the Startup-Config file. CLI: Viewing and Configuring GVRP GVRP Commands Used in Thi[...]

GVRP Introduction This example i ncludes non-default settings for the Unknown VLAN field for some ports. Figure 3-7. Example of Show GVRP Listing w ith GVRP Enabled Enabling and Di sabling GVRP on th e Switch. This command enables GVRP on the switch. Syntax : gvrp This example enables GVRP: ProCurve(config)# gvrp This example disables GVRP operatio[...]

GVRP Introduction Figure 3-8. Example of Prevent ing Specific Ports from Joining Dyna mic VLANs Displaying the Static and Dyna mi c VLANs Active on the Switch. The show vlans command lists all VLANs present in the switch. Syntax : show vlans For example, in t he following illustration , switch “B” has one static VLAN (the default VLAN), with GV[...]

GVRP Introduction Dynamic VLANs Learned from Switch “A” through Port 1 Figure 3-10. Example of Listing Showing Dynamic VLANs Converting a Dynamic VLAN to a Static VLAN. If a port on the switch has joined a dyna mic VLAN, you can us e the following comman d to convert that dynamic VLAN to a static VLAN : Syntax : static < dynamic - vlan-id &g[...]

GVRP Introduction GVRP Operating Notes ■ A dynamic VLAN must be co nverted to a static VLAN before it can have an IP address. ■ The total num ber of VLANs on the switch (st atic and dyna mic combine d) cannot exceed the current Maximum VL ANs setting. For example, in the factory default state, the sw itch supports eight VLANs. Thus, in a case w[...]

GVRP Introduction 3-18[...]

4 Multimedia T raffic Control with IP Multicast (IGMP) Contents Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-2 General Operation an d Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-3 IGMP Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .[...]

Multimedia Traffic Contro l with IP Multicast (IGMP) Overview Overview This chapter desc ribes Multi media T raffi c Control with IP Mu lticast (IGMP) , and explains how to configure IGMP controls to re duce unnecessary bandwidth usage on a per -port basis. For the latest inf ormation on IGMP , see the software release notes posted on the ProCurve [...]

Multimedia Traffic Control with IP Multicast (I GMP) General Operation and Features General Operation and Features IGMP Features Feature Default Menu CLI W eb view igmp configuration n/a — page 4-6 — show igmp status for multicast n/a — Y es — groups used by the selected VLAN enabling or disabling IGMP disab led — page 4-8 page 4-11 (Requ[...]

Multimedia Traffic Contro l with IP Multicast (IGMP) General Operation and Features Enabling IGMP allows detection of IGMP queries and report packets in order to manage IP mu lticast traffic th rough the switch . If no other querier is detected, the switch w ill then also func tion as the querier . (If you need to disable the querier featur e, you [...]

Multimedia Traffic Control with IP Multicast (I GMP) General Operation and Features IGMP Operating Features Basic Operation In the facto ry default co nfiguration, I G MP is disab led. If multiple VLANs are not configured, you mu st configure IGM P on the default VL AN (DEF AUL T_VLAN; VID = 1). If multip le VLANs are configured, you must configure[...]

Multimedia Traffic Contro l with IP Multicast (IGMP) CLI: Configuring and Displaying IGMP Notes Whenever IGMP is enabled, the swit ch generates an Event Log message indicating whet her querie r functionality is enabled. IP multicast traffi c groups are i dentified by IP ad dresses in the range of 224.0.0.0 to 239 .255.255.255. Also, in coming IGMP [...]

Multimedia Traffic Control with IP Multicast (I GMP) CLI: Configuring and Displaying IGMP V iewing the Current IGMP Configuration . This command lists the IGMP configuration fo r all VLANs configured on the switch or for a specific VLAN. Syntax: show ip igmp config IGMP configuration for al l VLANs on the switch. show ip igmp < vid > config I[...]

Multimedia Traffic Contro l with IP Multicast (IGMP) CLI: Configuring and Displaying IGMP IGMP Conf iguration for the Sele cted VLAN IGMP Configuration On the Individua l Ports in the VLAN Figure 4-2. Example Listing of IGMP Configuration for A Specifi c VLAN Enabling or Disabling IGMP on a VLAN. Y ou can enable IGMP on a VLAN, along with the last-[...]

Multimedia Traffic Control with IP Multicast (I GMP) CLI: Configuring and Displaying IGMP Y ou can also combine the ip igmp command with other IGMP-related commands, as described in the following sections. Configuring Per -Port IGMP Packet Control. Use this command in the VLAN contex t to specify ho w each port should handle IGMP traffic. Syntax : [...]

Multimedia Traffic Contro l with IP Multicast (IGMP) CLI: Configuring and Displaying IGMP Configuring IGMP T raffic Priority . This command allows you to prioritize IGMP traffic as eit her “high” or “normal” (the default ). Syntax : [ no] vlan < vid > ip igmp high-p riority-forward Assigns “high” priority to IGMP traffic. The “ [...]

Multimedia Traffic Control with IP Multicast (I GMP) Web: Enabling or Disabling IGMP W eb: Enabling or Disabling IGMP In the web browser interface you can e n able or disable IGMP on a per -VLAN basis. T o configure other IGMP features , telnet to the swit ch console and use the CLI. T o Enable or Disable IGMP 1. Click on the Configuration tab. 2. [...]

Multimedia Traffic Contro l with IP Multicast (IGMP) How IGMP Operates assume this function in order to elic it group membership informatio n from the hosts on the netw ork. (If you need to disable the querier feat ure, you can do so through the CLI, usin g the IGMP configuration MIB. See “Configuring the Querier Function” on page 4-10.) ■ Re[...]

Multimedia Traffic Control with IP Multicast (I GMP) How IGMP Operates Supported Standards and RFCs ProCurve’ s implementation of IGMP support s the following standards and operating capabilities: • RFC2236 (IGMP V .2, with backwards support for IGMP V .1) • IETF draft for IGMP and MLD snooping switches ( for IGMP V1, V2 V3) • Full IGMPv2 s[...]

Multimedia Traffic Contro l with IP Multicast (IGMP) How IGMP Operates T able 4-1.Comparison of IGMP Ope ration With and Without I P Addressing IGMP Function Av ailabl e With IP Addressing Configured on the VLAN Availab l e Without IP Addressing? Operating Differences Without an IP Address Forward multicast group traffic to any port on Y es None th[...]

Multimedia Traffic Control with IP Multicast (I GMP) How IGMP Operates 4-2.Switches Supporte d for IGMP Features Switch Model Data- IGMP Fast- Default IGMP Behavior or Series Driven Leave Setting IGMP Included? Switch 8212zl Y es Alway s Drops unjoined mulitcast traffic except for Switch 6400cl Enabled alway s-fowarded traffic toward the Querier or[...]

Multimedia Traffic Contro l with IP Multicast (IGMP) How IGMP Operates Querier's processing of that Leave. For more on this topic, refer to “Forced Fast-Leave IGMP” on page 4-17. ProCurve recommends that the following settings be used. ■ Use Delayed Group Flush on the Seri es 2610 switc hes whenever Fast Leave or Forced Fast Leave are se[...]

Multimedia Traffic Control with IP Multicast (I GMP) How IGMP Operates does not wait for the actual Querie r to verify that there are no other group members on port A3. If the switch itself is the Querier, it does n ot query port A3 for the presence of other group members. Note that Fast-Leave operati on does not distinguish between end nodes on th[...]

Multimedia Traffic Contro l with IP Multicast (IGMP) How IGMP Operates “X” member on that port. If the port does not rece ive a join reques t for that group within the forced-leave interval, the switch the n blocks any further group “X” traffic to the port. Setting Fast-Leave and Forced Fast-Leave from the CLI In previous software ve rsions[...]

Multimedia Traffic Control with IP Multicast (I GMP) How IGMP Operates Note on VLAN Numbers In the ProCurve switches co vered in this guide, the walkmib and setm ib commands use an internal VLAN number (and n ot the VLAN ID, or V ID) to display or change many per -vlan features , such as the Forced Fast-Leave state. Because the internal VLAN number[...]

Multimedia Traffic Contro l with IP Multicast (IGMP) How IGMP Operates T o List the Forced Fast-Leave State for a Single Port. (See the “Note on VLAN Numbers” on page 4-19.) Go to the switch ’ s c omm and prompt and use the getmib command, as shown below . Syntax : getmib hpSwitchIgmpPortFor cedLeaveSta te.<vlan number> <.port number[...]

Multimedia Traffic Control with IP Multicast (I GMP) How IGMP Operates Syntax : setmib hpSwitchIgmpPortForced LeaveState.< vlan numbe r > < .port number > -i < 1 | 2 > - OR - setmib 1.3.6.1.4.1.11.2.14.11.5.1.7.1.15.3.1.5.< vlan number > < .port nu mber > -i < 1 | 2 > where : 1 = Forced Fast-Leave enabled 2 = For[...]

Multimedia Traffic Contro l with IP Multicast (IGMP) Using the Switch as Querier Using the Switch as Querier Querier Operation The function of the IGMP Queri e r is to poll other IGMP-enabled devi ces in an IGMP-enabled VL AN to elicit group memb ership informat ion. The switch performs this fun ction if there is no other device in the VLAN, such a[...]

Multimedia Traffic Control with IP Multicast (I GMP) Excluding Multicast Addresses from IP M ulticast Filtering Excluding Multicast Addresses from IP Multicast Filtering Each multicast host group is identified by a single IP ad dress in the range of 224.0.0.0 throug h 239.255.255.2 55. Specifi c groups of consecu tive addresses in this rang e are t[...]

Multimedia Traffic Contro l with IP Multicast (IGMP) Excluding Multicast Addresses fr om IP Multicast Filtering 4-24[...]

5 Spanning-T ree Operation Contents Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-3 The RSTP (802.1w) and STP (802.1D) Spanni ng Tree Options . . . . . . . . . 5-7 RSTP (802.1w) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-7 STP[...]

Spanning-Tree Operation Contents How MSTP Operates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-49 Regions, Legacy STP and RSTP Swit ches, and the Common Spanning Configuring Basic Port Connectivity Parameters MST Regions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-49 [...]

Spanning-Tree Operation Overview Overview This chapter describes the operation of the Spanning T ree Protocol (STP) and how to configure it wit h the switches’ built-in i nterfaces. T able 5-1. STP Support Spanning T ree Protocol 2610 26 10-PWR 802.1D Y es Y es 802.1w Y es Y es 802.1s Y es Y es T able 5-2. 802.1D STP Features 802.1D Spanning T re[...]

Spanning-Tree Operation Overview 802.1w Spanning T ree Protocol Default Menu CLI We b Reconfiguring Whole- Switch V alues Reconfiguring Per -Port V alues Protocol V ersion: RSTP Force V ersion: RSTP-operation Switch Priority: 8 Hello T im e: 2 s Max Age: 20 s Forward Delay: 15 s Path Cost: Depends on port type Priority: 8 Edge Port: Y es Point-to-p[...]

Spanning-Tree Operation Overview W ithout spanning tree, having more than one acti ve path between a pair of nodes causes loops in the net w ork, which can result in duplication of mes- sages, leading to a “broadcast storm” that can bring down the network. Single-Instance spanning tree opera tion (802.1D STP and 802.1w RSTP) ensures that only o[...]

Spanning-Tree Operation Overview The logical an d physical topologies resu lting from thes e VLAN/Instance groupings result in blocking on d ifferent l inks for di fferent VLANs: Switch “C” Instance 1 VLANs: 10, 11, 12 Switch “A” Root for Instance 1 VLANs: 10, 11, 1 2 Switch “B” Instance 1 VLANs: 10, 11, 1 2 Switch “C” Instance 2 VL[...]

Spanning-Tree Operation The RSTP (802.1w) and STP (802 .1D) Spanning Tree Options Note for 8 02.1 D and 802.1w Spann ing-Tree Operation Y ou should enable sp anning tree operat ion in any switch that is part of a redundant physical li nk (loop topology). (ProCurve recommen ds that you do so on all swit ches belonging to a lo op to polo gy .) This t[...]

Spanning-Tree Operation The RSTP (802.1w) and STP (802.1D) Spanning Tree Options RSTP (802.1w) The IEEE 802.1D version of spanning tree (S TP) can take a fairly long time to resolve all the possible pa ths and to select the most effic ient path through the network. The IEEE 802.1w Rapid Rec onfiguration Spanning T ree (RSTP) significantly reduces t[...]

Spanning-Tree Operation The RSTP (802.1w) and STP (802 .1D) Spanning Tree Options How STP and RSTP Operate The switch automatically senses port identity and type, and automaticall y defines span ning-tree paramet ers for ea ch type, as well as parameters that apply across the switch. Y ou can use the default values for these parameters, or adjust t[...]

Spanning-Tree Operation The RSTP (802.1w) and STP (802.1D) Spanning Tree Options dant links by using a p ort trunk. The following example shows how you can use a por t trunk with 802.1Q (tagged) VLANs and sp anning tree wi thout unnecessarily blocking any li nks or losing any bandwidth. Problem: STP enabled with 2 separate (non-trunked) links block[...]

Spanning-Tree Operation Configuring Rapid Reconfiguration Spanning Tree (RSTP) Configuring Rapid Reconfiguration Spanning T ree (RSTP) This section describes the operation of the IEEE 802.1w Rapid Spanning T ree Protocol (RST P). Overview RSTP Feature Default Menu CLI Web Viewing the RSTP/STP configuration n/a p age 5-20 page 5-14 n/a enable/disabl[...]

Spanning-Tree Operation Configuring Rapid Reconfigur ation Spanning Tree (RSTP) T ransitioning from STP to RSTP IEEE 802.1w RSTP is designed to be co mpatible wi th IEEE 802.1D STP . Even if all the other devices in your networ k are using STP , you can enable RSTP on your switch, and even us ing the default configurat ion values, your switch will [...]

Spanning-Tree Operation Configuring Rapid Reconfiguration Spanning Tree (RSTP) Configuring RSTP The default switch configuration has spanning tree disabled w i th RSTP as the selected protocol . That is, when spanni ng tree is enabled, RSTP is the version of spanning tree that i s enabled, b y default. Optimizing the RSTP Configuration T o optimize[...]

Spanning-Tree Operation Configuring Rapid Reconfigur ation Spanning Tree (RSTP) CLI: Configuring RSTP Spanning T ree Commands in This Section STP RSTP Page for RSTP Use show spanning-tree config Y Y Below on this page spanning-tree Y Y page 5-15 protocol-version <rstp | stp> Y Y page 5-16 force-version N Y page 5-16 <rstp-operation | stp-c[...]

Spanning-Tree Operation Configuring Rapid Reconfiguration Spanning Tree (RSTP) Figure 5-4. Exa mple of the Spanning T ree Configuration Display Enabling or Disabling RSTP. Issuing the command to enable spanning tree on the swit ch implements, by default, the RSTP ver sion of spanning tree for all physical ports on the swi t ch. Di sabling spanning [...]

Spanning-Tree Operation Configuring Rapid Reconfigur ation Spanning Tree (RSTP) Reconfiguring Whole-Swi tch Spanning T ree V alues. Y ou can configure one or more of the following paramete rs, which affect the spanning tree operation of the whole switch: T able 5-1. Whole-Switch RSTP Parameters Parameter Default Description protocol-version RSTP Id[...]

Spanning-Tree Operation Configuring Rapid Reconfiguration Spanning Tree (RSTP) Note Executing the spanning-t ree command alone enables sp anning tree. Execu ting the command with one or mo re of the whole-switch RSTP parameters show n in the table on the previous page, or with any of the per -port RSTP parameters shown in the table on page 18, does[...]

Spanning-Tree Operation Configuring Rapid Reconfigur ation Spanning Tree (RSTP) Reconfiguring Per -Port Spanning T ree V alues. Y ou can configure one or more of the fol lowing parameters, which affect th e spanning tree operation of the specified po rts only: T able 5-2. Per -Port RSTP Parameters Parameter Default Description edge-port Y es Identi[...]

Spanning-Tree Operation Configuring Rapid Reconfiguration Spanning Tree (RSTP) Syntax: Abbreviations: spanning-tree [ethernet] < port-list > span < port-list > path-cost < 1 - 200000000 > path <1 - 200000000> point-to-point-mac < f orce-true | forc e-false | auto > force < force-t | force-f | auto > priority <[...]

Spanning-Tree Operation Configuring Rapid Reconfigur ation Spanning Tree (RSTP) Menu: Configuring RSTP 1. From the console CLI prom pt, enter the menu command. ProCurve# menu 2. From the switch console Main Menu, select 2. Switch Configuration … 4. Spanning T ree Op eration 3. Press [E] (for E dit ) to hi ghlight the Protoc ol V ersi on parameter[...]

Spanning-Tree Operation Configuring Rapid Reconfiguration Spanning Tree (RSTP) Figure 5-5. Exa mple of the RSTP Configura tion Screen 7. Press the [T ab] key or use th e arrow keys to go to the next parameter you want to change, then type in the new value or press the Space bar to select a value. (T o get help on this screen, press [Enter] to selec[...]

Spanning-Tree Operation Configuring Rapid Reconfigur ation Spanning Tree (RSTP) W eb: Enabling or Disabling RSTP In the web browser interface, you can en able or disable spanning tree on the switch. If the de fault configurat ion is in e ffect such that RSTP is the selected protocol version, enabl ing spanning tree through the web browser interface[...]

Spanning-Tree Operation 802.1D Spanning-Tree Protocol (STP) 802.1D Spanning-T ree Protocol (STP) Menu: Configuring 802.1D STP 1. From the Main Menu, sele ct: 2. Switch Configuration … 4. Spanning T ree Op eration Use this field to sel ect the 802.1D version of STP . Figure 5-6. The Default “Span ning T ree Operation” Scre en 2. Press [E] (for[...]

Spanning-Tree Operation 802.1D Spanning-Tree Protocol (STP) Use this field to enable spanning tree. Read-Only Fiel ds Figure 5-7. Ena bling Spanning-T ree Ope ration 6. If the remain ing STP pa rameter settings are a dequate fo r your netw ork, go to step 10. 7. Use [T ab] or the arrow keys to select the next parameter you want to change, then type[...]

Spanning-Tree Operation 802.1D Spanning-Tree Protocol (STP) Figure 5-8. The Configu ration Menu Indicating a Reboot Is Need ed to Implement a Configuration Change 11. Pre ss [0] to return to the Main m enu. Figure 5-9. The Main Menu Indicating a Rebo ot Is Needed T o I mplement a Configuration Change 12. Pre ss [6] to reboot the switch. This im ple[...]

Spanning-Tree Operation 802.1D Spanning-Tree Protocol (STP) CLI: Configuring 802.1D STP STP Commands Used in This Section show spanning-tree config Below spanning-tree protocol-version page 5-27 forward-delay < 4 - 30 > page 5-28 hello-time < 1 - 10 > page 5-28 maximum-age < 6 - 40 > page 5-28 priority < 0 - 65535 > page 5-2[...]

Spanning-Tree Operation 802.1D Spanning-Tree Protocol (STP) Configuring the Switch T o Use the 802.1D Spanning T ree Protocol (STP). In the default confi guration, the swit ch is set to RSTP (that is, 802.1w Rapid Spanning T ree), and spanning tree operat ion is disabled. T o reconfigure the switch to 802.1D spanning tree, you must: 1. Change the s[...]

Spanning-Tree Operation 802.1D Spanning-Tree Protocol (STP) Enabling STP implem ents the spanning tree protocol for all physical ports on the switch, regardless of whether mult iple VLANs are configu red. Disabling STP removes protection against redundant loops that can significantly slow or halt a network. This command enables STP with the curre n[...]

Spanning-Tree Operation 802.1D Spanning-Tree Protocol (STP) Note Executing spanning-tree alone enables STP . Executin g spanning-tree with one or more of the above “STP Operat ing Pa rameters” does not enable STP . It only configures the STP parameters (regardl ess of whether STP is actually running (enabled) on the switch ). Syntax: spanning-t[...]

Spanning-Tree Operation 802.1D Spanning-Tree Protocol (STP) Y ou can also include STP general para meters in this command. See “Recon- figuring Genera l STP Operation on the Switch” on page 5-28. For example, the follo wing configures ports C5 and C6 to a path cost of 15 , a priority of 100 , and fast mode: ProCurve(config)# spanning-tree c5-c6[...]

Spanning-Tree Operation 802.1D Spanning-Tree Protocol (STP) T o Enable or Disable Fast Mode for a Switch Port: Y ou can use either the CLI or the menu in terface to to ggle between STP Fast mode and STP Normal mode. (T o use the menu interf ace, see “Menu: Configuring 802.1D STP” on page 5-23.) Syntax: spanning-tree < port-list > mode <[...]

Spanning-Tree Operation 802.1D Spanning-Tree Protocol (STP) Caution In general, fast-uplink span ning tree on the switch is useful when runn ing STP in a tiered topology that has well-define d edge sw itches. Also, ensure that an interior switch is used for the root switch and for any lo gical backup root switches. Y ou can accomplish this by using[...]

Spanning-Tree Operation 802.1D Spanning-Tree Protocol (STP) T erminology Te r m Definition downlink port A switch port that is linked to a port on anot her switch (o r to an end node) that is sequentially (downstream port) further away from the STP root device. For ex ample, port “C” in figure 5-12, above, is a downlink port. edge switch For th[...]

Spanning-Tree Operation 802.1D Spanning-Tree Protocol (STP) In figure 5-13, STP is enabled and i n its default configur ation on all switches, unless otherwise indicated in table 5-5, below: T able 5-5. STP Parameter Settings for Figure 5-13 STP Parameter Switch “1” Switch “2” Switch “3” Switch “4” Switch Prior ity 0 1 1 2 32,7 68 ([...]

Spanning-Tree Operation 802.1D Spanning-Tree Protocol (STP) ■ Edge switches cannot be directly link ed together using fast-uplink po rts. For example, the connecti on between sw itches 4 and 5 in figure 5-14 is not allowe d for fast-u plink operat ion. Switch 4 (5304-Edge) Switch 3 Switch 1 (Root) Switch 2 Link blocke d by STP: LAN Switch 5 (5304[...]

Spanning-Tree Operation 802.1D Spanning-Tree Protocol (STP) T o V iew and/or Configure Fast-Uplink STP . This procedure uses the Spanning T ree Operation scree n to enab le STP and to se t the Mode for fast - uplink STP op eration. 1. From the Main Menu sel ect: 2. Switch Configuration … 4. Spanni ng T ree Operation 2. In the default STP configur[...]

Spanning-Tree Operation 802.1D Spanning-Tree Protocol (STP) 3. If the Protocol V ersion is set to RSTP (as shown in figure 5-15), do the following: a. Press [E] ( E dit ) to move the cursor to the Protocol Version field . b. Press the Space bar once to change the Protocol V ersion fiel d to STP . c. Press [Ent er] to return to the command line . d.[...]

Spanning-Tree Operation 802.1D Spanning-Tree Protocol (STP) In this example, ports 2 and 3 have already been co nfigured as a port trunk ( Tr k 1 ), which app ears at the end of the port listing. All ports (a nd the trunk) are i n their default STP configur ation. Note: In the actual menu scr een, you must scroll the cu rsor down the port list to v[...]

Spanning-Tree Operation 802.1D Spanning-Tree Protocol (STP) STP is enabled. Port A1 and T rk1 are now configured for fast-uplink STP . Figure 5-18. Exampl e of STP Enabled with T wo Red undant Links Configured for Fast-Uplink STP 5. Press [S] (for S ave ) to save the configuration changes to flash (non-vol atile) memory . T o V iew Fast-Uplink STP [...]

Spanning-Tree Operation 802.1D Spanning-Tree Protocol (STP) Indicates which uplink is the active path to the STP root device. Note: A switch using fast-uplink STP must never be the STP root device. Figure 5-19. Exampl e of STP Status with T rk1 (T runk 1) as the Path to th e STP Root Device 2. Press [S] (for S how ports ) to display the stat us of [...]

Spanning-Tree Operation 802.1D Spanning-Tree Protocol (STP) In figure 5-20: • Port A1 an d T rk1 (trunk 1; formed from ports 2 and 3) are redundant fast-uplink STP links, with trunk 1 for w arding (the active l ink) and port A1 blocking (th e backup link). (T o view the configuratio n for port A1 and T rk1, see figure 5-18 on page 5 -39.) • If [...]

Spanning-Tree Operation 802.1D Spanning-Tree Protocol (STP) Redundant STP link in the Forwardin g state. (See the “Root Port field, ab ove. This is t he currently active path to the STP root device .) Indicates that T rk1 (T runk 1) provides the curren tly active path to the STP root de vice. Redundant STP lin k in the Blocking state. Links to PC[...]

Spanning-Tree Operation 802.1D Spanning-Tree Protocol (STP) Fast-Uplink STP Configured on Port 1 and T runk 1 (T rk1) STP Enabled on the Switch Figure 5-23. Exampl e of a Configuration Supp orting the STP T opolog y Shown in Figure 5-21 Using the CLI T o Configure Fast-Uplink STP . This example uses the CLI to configure th e switch for the fast-upl[...]

Spanning-Tree Operation 802.1D Spanning-Tree Protocol (STP) Lists STP configuration. Shows the default STP protocol 1. Changes the Spanning-T ree protocol to STP (required for Fast-Uplink). 2. Saves the change to the startup-configuration 3. Reboots the switch. (Required for this configuration Figure 5-24. Example of Changing the STP Configuration [...]

Spanning-Tree Operation Web: Enabling or Disabling STP Note When you add a port to a trunk, the port t akes on the STP mo de configured for the trunk, regardless of which STP m ode was configured on the port before it was added to the trunk. Thus, all por ts belonging to a trunk co nfigured with Uplink in the STP Mode field wil l operate in the fas[...]

Spanning-Tree Operation 802.1s Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol (MSTP) 802.1s Multiple Spanning T ree Protocol (MSTP) The 802.1D and 802.1w spanning tree protocols operate wi thout regard to a network’ s VLAN configuration, and maintain one common spanning tree throughout a bridged network. Thus, t h ese protocols map one loop-free, logical topolo[...]

Spanning-Tree Operation 802.1s Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol (MSTP) MSTP Structure MSTP map s active, separate paths th r ough separate spanning tree instances and between MST regions. Each MST region comprises one or more MSTP switches. Note that MSTP recognizes an STP or RSTP LAN as a distinct spanning-tree region. IST Instance MSTI (Optional) [...]

Spanning-Tree Operation 802.1s Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol (MSTP) MST Region: An MST region comprises the VL ANs conf igured on physically connected MSTP switches. All switches in a given regio n must be configured with the sam e VLANs and Multiple Spanning T ree Instances (MSTIs). Internal Spanning T ree (IST): The IST administers the topology[...]

Spanning-Tree Operation 802.1s Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol (MSTP) Caution When you enable MSTP on the switch, the default MSTP sp anning tree configuration settings comply with the values recommended in the IEEE 802.1s Multiple Spanni ng T ree Protocol (MSTP) standard. No te that inappro- priate cha nges to these settings can result in severely[...]

Spanning-Tree Operation 802.1s Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol (MSTP) How Separate Instances Affect MSTP Operation. Assigning different groups of VLANs to different instances ensures that those VLAN groups use independen t forwarding pa ths. For exam pl e, in figure 5-26 eac h instance has a different forwa rding path. Figure 5-26. Active T opologi[...]

Spanning-Tree Operation 802.1s Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol (MSTP) W ithin a region, traffic ro uted between VLANs i n separate instances can take only one physical path. T o ensure that traffic in all VLANs within a region can travel between regions, all of the boundary ports for each region should belong to all VLANs configured in the region. [...]

Spanning-Tree Operation 802.1s Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol (MSTP) an instance by using a port trunk. Th e followin g example shows how you can use a port trunk with 802.1Q (tagged) V LANs and MSTP w ithout unne cessarily blocking any links o r losing a ny bandwid th. Problem: An MST inst ance with two separate (non-trunked) links blocks a VLAN [...]

Spanning-Tree Operation 802.1s Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol (MSTP) and designated port for each region. Th e CIST includes the Common Spanning T ree (CST), the Internal Spanning T r ee (IST) within each region, and any multiple spanni ng-tree instan ces (MSTIs) in a region. Common Spanning T ree (CST): Refers to the sing le forwarding path the s[...]

Spanning-Tree Operation 802.1s Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol (MSTP) Operating Rules ■ All switches in a region must be conf igured with the same set of VLANs, as well as the same MST configur ation name and MST configu ration number . ■ W ithin a region, a VLAN can be allocated t o e it he r a s i ng le M S T I or to th e region’ s IST inst[...]

Spanning-Tree Operation 802.1s Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol (MSTP) the same instance, all but one of thos e paths will be blocked for th at instance. However , if there are differen t paths in different instanc es, all such paths are available for traffic. Separate forwarding paths exist through separate spanni ng tree instances. ■ A port can [...]

Spanning-Tree Operation 802.1s Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol (MSTP) incompatibility between devices runn ing the older 802.1D STP and your switch runnin g MSTP or RSTP . Please see the “Note on Path Cost” on page 5-19 for more inform ation on adjustin g to this incomp atibility . T ips for Planning an MSTP Application ■ Ensure that the VLAN[...]

Note on MSTP Rapid State T ransitions Note Spanning-Tree Operation 802.1s Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol (MSTP) Under some circumstances th e rapid state transitions employ ed by MSTP (and RSTP) can increa se the rates of fram e duplicati on and misorderin g in the switched LAN. T o allow MSTP switches to support applications and p rotocols that m[...]

Spanning-Tree Operation 802.1s Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol (MSTP) – Force-V ersion operation spanning-tree force-versi on – F o r w a r d D e l a y spanning-tree forwa rd-delay – Hello T ime (used if the switch opera tes as the root device.) spanning-tree hel lo-time – Maximum age to allow for ST P packets before discarding spanning-tre[...]

Spanning-Tree Operation 802.1s Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol (MSTP) Configuring MSTP Operat ion Mode and Global Parameters Command Page spanning-tree protocol-version mstp page 5-60 spanning-tree config-name < ascii-string > page 5-60 spanning-tree config-revision < revision-number > page 5-61 spanning-tree max-hops < hop-count >[...]

Spanning-Tree Operation 802.1s Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol (MSTP) Note Syntax: spanning-tree-protoc ol-version mstp Changes the current spanning-tree prot ocol on the switch to 802.1s Multiple Spanning T ree. Must be followed by write mem and reboot to activate the change. After rebooting, the switch i s r e a d y t o o p e r a t e a s a n M S [...]

Spanning-Tree Operation 802.1s Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol (MSTP) Syntax: spanning-tree c onfig-revision < revision-number > This command configures the re vision number you designate for the MST region in which yo u want the switch to reside. This setting must be the same for all switches residing in the same region. Use this setting to [...]

Spanning-Tree Operation 802.1s Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol (MSTP) Syntax: spanning-tree f orce-version < stp-compat ible | rstp-operation | mstp- operation > Sets the spanning-t ree compatibility mode. When the switch is configured with MSTP mo de, this command forces the switch to emulate beha vior of earlier versi ons of spanning tree p[...]

Spanning-Tree Operation 802.1s Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol (MSTP) Configuring Basic Port Connectivity Parameters Command Page spanning-tree < port-list > edge-port below spanning-tree mcheck below hello-time < global | 1..10 > 64 spanning-tree path-cost < auto | 200000000 > page 5-67 spanning-tree point-to-point-mac < force[...]

Spanning-Tree Operation 802.1s Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol (MSTP) [ mcheck ] Forces a port to send RSTP BP DUs for 3 seconds. This allows for another switch connected to the port and running RSTP to establish its connection quickly and for identifying switches running 802.1D STP . If the whole- switch force-version parameter is set to stp-compa[...]

Spanning-Tree Operation 802.1s Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol (MSTP) [ path-cost < auto | 1..200000000 > ] Assigns an individual port co st that the switch uses to determine which ports are fo rwarding ports in a given spanning tree. In the defaul t configuration ( auto ) the switch determines a port’ s path cost by the port’ s type: –[...]

Spanning-Tree Operation 802.1s Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol (MSTP) Syntax: spanning-tree < port-list > root-guard MSTP only . When a port is enabled as root-guard , it cannot be selected as the root port ev en if it receives superior STP BPDUs. The port is assigned an “alternate” po rt role and enters a blocking state if it receives su[...]

Spanning-Tree Operation 802.1s Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol (MSTP) Syntax: spanning-tree in stance < 1..16 > priority < 0 .. 15 > This command sets the switch (b ridge) priority for the desig- nated instance. This priority is compared with the priorities of other switches in the same instance to determine the root switch for the inst[...]

Spanning-Tree Operation 802.1s Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol (MSTP) Syntax: spanning-tree p riority < 0 .. 15 > This command sets the switch (bridge) priority for the designated region in which th e switch resides. The switch compares this priority with the priorities of other switches in the same region to determine th e root switch for th[...]

Spanning-Tree Operation 802.1s Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol (MSTP) Configuring MST Instance Per -Port Parameters Command Page spanning-tree instance < 1..16 > < port-list > path-cost < auto | 1..2000000 00 > page 5-69 spanning-tree instance < 1..16 > < port-list > priority < priority-multiplier > page 5-70 spa[...]

Spanning-Tree Operation 802.1s Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol (MSTP) Syntax: spanning -tree instance < 1..16 > [e] < port-list > priorit y < priority-multiplier > This command sets the priority for the specified port(s) in the specified MST instance. (For a given port, the priority setting can be different for different MS T inst[...]

Spanning-Tree Operation 802.1s Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol (MSTP) Syntax: spanning-tree [ e] < port-list > priority < priority-multiplier > This command sets the priority for the specified port(s) for the IST (that is, Instance 0) of the region in wh ich the switch resides. This priority i s compa red with the priorities of other po[...]

Spanning-Tree Operation 802.1s Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol (MSTP) Enabling or Disabling Sp anning T ree Operation This command enables or disables span ning tree operation for any spanning tree protocol ena bled on the switc h. Before using this comm and to enable spanning tree, ensure that the version yo u want to use is active on the sw itch.[...]

Spanning-Tree Operation 802.1s Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol (MSTP) 1. Configure the VLANs you want incl uded in any instances in the new region. When you create the pendi ng region, all VLANs configured on the switch will be assigned to the pend ing IST instance unless assigned to other , pending MST instances. 2. Configure MSTP as the spanning [...]

Spanning-Tree Operation 802.1s Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol (MSTP) 9. T o view the current pending MSTP configu ration, use the show spanning- tree pending command (page page 5-80). Displaying MSTP Statis tics and Configuration Command Page MSTP Statistics: show spanning-tree [< port-list >] below show spanning-tree inst ance < ist | 1.[...]

Spanning-Tree Operation 802.1s Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol (MSTP) Switch’ s Spannin g T ree Confi guration and Identity of VLANs Co nfigured in the Switch for the IST Instance Lists the switch’ s MSTP root data for connectivity with other re gions and STP or RSTP devices. Internal Spanning T ree Data (IST Instance) for the re gion in whi ch[...]

Spanning-Tree Operation 802.1s Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol (MSTP) Displaying Switch Statistics for a Specific MST Instance. Syntax: show spann ing-tree instance < ist | 1..16 > This command displays the M STP statistics for either the IST instance or a numbered MST inst ance running on the switch. Figure 5-29. Exampl e of MSTP Statistics [...]

Spanning-Tree Operation 802.1s Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol (MSTP) Displaying the MSTP Configuration Displaying the Global M STP Configu ration. This command displays the switch’ s basic and MST region spanning -tree configuration, including basic port connectivity settings. Syntax: show spann ing-tree config The upper part of this output show[...]

Spanning-Tree Operation 802.1s Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol (MSTP) Displaying Per -Instance MSTP Configurations. These commands dis- plays the per -instance port configurat ion and current state, along with instance iden tifiers and regional root data. Syntax: show spann ing-tree config instance < ist | 1..16 > The upper part of this outpu[...]

Spanning-Tree Operation 802.1s Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol (MSTP) Displaying the Region-Level Configurati on in Brief. This com mand output is useful for quickly verifying the allocation of VLAN s in the switch’ s MSTP configurat ion and for viewing th e configured region identifiers. Syntax: show spann ing-tree mst-config This command displa[...]

Spanning-Tree Operation 802.1s Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol (MSTP) Displaying the Pending MSTP Configuration. This command displays the MSTP config uration the switch will implement if you execute the span- ning-tree pending apply command (Refer to “Enabling an Entire MST Region at Once or Exchan ging One Region Configuration for Another” on[...]

Spanning-Tree Operation 802.1s Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol (MSTP) Operating Notes SNMP MIB Support for MSTP . MSTP is a superset of the STP/802. 1D and RSTP/802.1w protocols and uses the MIB objects defined for these two protocols. T roubleshooting Duplicate packets on a VLAN, or packets not arriving on a LAN at all. The allocation of VLANs to [...]

Spanning-Tree Operation 802.1s Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol (MSTP) 5-82[...]

6 Quality of Service (QoS): Managing Bandwidth More Effectively Contents Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-3 Terminology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-6 Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .[...]

Quality of Service (QoS ): Managing Bandwidth More Effectively Contents QoS IP Type-of- Service (ToS ) Policy and Prio rity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-34 Assigning an 802.1p Priority to IP v4 Packets on the Basis of the ToS Assigning an 802.1p Priority to IP v4 Packets on the Basis of Incoming Assigning a DSCP Policy on the Ba sis of the DSCP [...]

Quality of Service (Q oS): Managing Bandwidth More Effectively Introduction Introduction QoS Feature Default Menu CLI Web TCP/UDP Priority Disabled — page 6-21 Refer to the Online Help. IP-Device Priority Disable d — page 6-28 “ T ype-of-Service IP Disabled — page 6-34 “ Precedence Mode VLAN-ID Priority Disabled — page 6-46 “ Source-P[...]

Quality of Service (QoS ): Managing Bandwidth More Effectively Introduction Quality of Service is a genera l term fo r classifying and priori tizing traffic throughout a network. That is, QoS enables you to establish an end-t o-end traffic priority po licy to improv e control and t hroughput of i mportant data . Y ou can manage available bandwi dth[...]

Quality of Service (Q oS): Managing Bandwidth More Effectively Introduction QoS is implemented in the fo rm of rules or policies th at are configured on the switch. While you can use QoS to pr ioritize only the outbound traff ic while it is moving thro ugh the switch, you der i ve the maximum benef it by using QoS in an 802.1Q VLAN environment (wit[...]

Quality of Service (QoS ): Managing Bandwidth More Effectively Introduction T erminology Te r m Use in This Document 802.1p priority A traffic priority setting carried by a VLAN-tagged packet moving from one device to another through ports that are tagged members of the VLAN to wh ich the packet belongs. This setting can be from 0 - 7. The switch h[...]

Quality of Service (Q oS): Managing Bandwidth More Effectively Introduction Te r m Use in This Document outbound port For any port, a buffer that holds outbound traffic unti l it can leave the switch through that port. There queue are four outbound queues for each port in the switch: high, medium, normal, and low . T raffic in a port’ s high prio[...]

Quality of Service (QoS ): Managing Bandwidth More Effectively Introduction ■ Configuring a priority for outbo und packets and a service (prior- ity) policy for use by do wnstream devices: • DSCP Policy: This feature enables you to set a priority policy in outbound IP packets. (Y ou can conf igure downstream devices to read and use this poli cy[...]

Quality of Service (Q oS): Managing Bandwidth More Effectively Introduction But if the packet is in a VLAN-tagged environment, then the a bove setting is also added to the packet as an 802.1p priority for use by downstre am devices and applications (shown in ta ble 6-3). In ei ther case, an IP packet can also carry a priority policy to downstream d[...]

Quality of Service (QoS ): Managing Bandwidth More Effectively Introduction T able 6-4. Switch Cl assifier Search Order and Prec edence Search Order Precedence QoS Classifier 1 6 (lowest) Incoming 802.1p Priority (present in tagged VLAN environments) 2 5 Incoming source-port on the switch 3 4 VLAN Priority 4 3 IP T ype of Service (T oS) field (IP p[...]

1 2 Quality of Service (Q oS): Managing Bandwidth More Effectively Introduction T able 6-5.Precedence Criteria for QoS Classifiers Precedence Criteria Overview UDP/TCP T akes precedence based on a layer 4 UDP or T CP application, with a user -specified application port number (for example, T elnet). Default state: Disabled If a packet does not meet[...]

6 Quality of Service (QoS ): Managing Bandwidth More Effectively Introduction Precedence Criteria Overview Incoming Where a VLAN-tagged packet enters the switch thr ough a port that is a tagged member of that 802.1p VLAN, if QoS is not configured to override the pa cket’ s priority setting, the switch uses the Priority packet’ s existing 802.1p[...]

Quality of Service (Q oS): Managing Bandwidth More Effectively Preparation for Configuring QoS Preparation for Configuring QoS QoS operates in VLAN-tagged and VL AN-untagged environments. If your network does no t use multiple VLAN s, you can still impl ement the 80 2.1Q VLAN capability for packet s to carry their 8 02.1p priority to the next downs[...]

Quality of Service (QoS ): Managing Bandwidth More Effectively Preparation for Configuring QoS For more on how QoS operates with the preceding traffic types, see ‘ ‘Pre cedence Criteria for QoS Classi fiers’ ’, on page 6-11.) 2. Select the QoS option you want t o use. T able 6-7 lists the traff ic types (QoS classifiers) and the QoS options[...]

Quality of Service (Q oS): Managing Bandwidth More Effectively Preparation for Configuring QoS Planning a QoS Configuration QoS uses resources in a way that requ ires attention to rule usage when planning a QoS configurat ion. Otherwise, there is an increased possibility of oversubscribing resources, which means that at some point the swi tch would[...]

Quality of Service (QoS ): Managing Bandwidth More Effectively Preparation for Configuring QoS T oS Diff-Services QoS Up to 64 rules per switch, depending on how the switch is configured QoS Classifier Rules Used VLAN QoS 1 rule per port membership in a QoS-spe cified VLAN. If a port belongs to multiple, QoS-specified VLANs, then 1 rule is used for[...]

Quality of Service (Q oS): Managing Bandwidth More Effectively Preparation for Configuring QoS Configuring a Pol icy When There Ar e Not Enough Rule s A vailable. Attempting to confi gure a QoS policy on the switch or a VLAN when there are not enough rules available results in the following: ■ The policy is not config ured. ■ The CLI displays a[...]

Quality of Service (QoS ): Managing Bandwidth More Effectively Preparation for Configuring QoS 2. Use the show qos comman ds to identify the curre ntly configured QoS policies. 3. Determine which of the exi sting poli cies you can remove to free up rule resources for the QoS polic y you want to implement. Depending on yo ur network topology and con[...]

Quality of Service (Q oS): Managing Bandwidth More Effectively Preparation for Configuring QoS How the Switch Uses Resources in DSCP Configurations. In the default config uration, the DSCP map is configured with one DSCP policy (Expedited Forwarding; 101110 with a “7” priority) but, because no T oS Diff- Services options are configured, no ru l[...]

Quality of Service (QoS ): Managing Bandwidth More Effectively Using QoS Classifiers To Configure QoS for Outbound Traffic Using QoS Classifiers T o Configure QoS for Outbound T raffic QoS Feature Default Menu CLI Web UDP/TCP Priority Disabled — page 6-21 Refer to Online Help. IP-Device Priority Disable d — page 6-28 “ IP T ype-of-Service Pri[...]

Quality of Service (Q oS): Managing Bandwidth More Effectively Using QoS Classifiers To Conf igure QoS for Outbound Traffic vlan-priority Displays the current VLAN priority configuration. Refer to figure 6-23 on page 6- 48. port-priority Displays the current so urce-port priority configuration. Ref er to figure 6-28 on page 6- 53. No Override By de[...]

Quality of Service (QoS ): Managing Bandwidth More Effectively Using QoS Classifiers To Configure QoS for Outbound Traffic Options for Assigning Priority . Priority control options for TCP or UDP packets carrying a specified TC P or UDP port number include: ■ 802.1p priority ■ DSCP policy (Assign ing a new DSCP an d an associated 802.1p priorit[...]

Quality of Service (Q oS): Managing Bandwidth More Effectively Using QoS Classifiers To Conf igure QoS for Outbound Traffic no qos < udp-port | tc p-port > < tcp-udp port num ber > Deletes the specified UDP or TCP port number as a QoS classifier . show qos tcp-udp-p ort-priority Displays a lis ting of all TCP and UDP QoS classifiers cur[...]

Quality of Service (QoS ): Managing Bandwidth More Effectively Using QoS Classifiers To Configure QoS for Outbound Traffic Assigning a DSCP Policy Base d on TCP or UDP Port Number This option assigns a previously configured DSCP pol icy (codepoint and 802.1p priority) to (IPv4) TCP or UDP packets having the specified port number . That is, the swit[...]

Quality of Service (Q oS): Managing Bandwidth More Effectively Using QoS Classifiers To Conf igure QoS for Outbound Traffic Note A codepoint must have an 802.1p priority assignment (0 - 7) before you can configure a policy for prioritizing packet s by TCP or UDP port numbers. If a codepoint you w ant to use shows No-o verride in the Priority column[...]

Quality of Service (QoS ): Managing Bandwidth More Effectively Using QoS Classifiers To Configure QoS for Outbound Traffic For exampl e, suppose you wanted to assi gn these DSCP policies to the packets identified by t he indicated UDP and TDP port ap plications: Port Applications DSCP Policies DSCP P riority 23-UDP 000111 7 80-TCP 000101 5 914-TCP [...]

Quality of Service (Q oS): Managing Bandwidth More Effectively Using QoS Classifiers To Conf igure QoS for Outbound Traffic DSCP Policies Configured i n this Step Figure 6-8. Assign Prior ities to the Selecte d DSCPs 3. Assig n the DSCP policies to the se lected UDP/TCP port applica tions and display the result. Classifier DSCP Policy Figure 6-9. T[...]

Quality of Service (QoS ): Managing Bandwidth More Effectively Using QoS Classifiers To Configure QoS for Outbound Traffic QoS IP-Device Priority QoS Classifier Precedence: 2 The IP device option, whi ch applies only to IPv4 packets, uses tw o rules per IP address on all ports in the switch . Where a particular device-IP address classifier has the [...]

Quality of Service (Q oS): Managing Bandwidth More Effectively Using QoS Classifiers To Conf igure QoS for Outbound Traffic Assigning a Priority Based on IP Address This option assigns an 802 .1 p pr iority to all IPv4 p ackets having the specified IP address as either a sour ce or destin ation. (If bo th match, t he priority for the IP destination[...]

Quality of Service (QoS ): Managing Bandwidth More Effectively Using QoS Classifiers To Configure QoS for Outbound Traffic Figure 6-10. Example of Configuring and Listing 802.1p Priority Assignments for Packets Carrying Specif ic IP Addresses Assigning a DSCP Policy Based on IP Address This option assigns a previously configured DSCP pol icy (codep[...]

Quality of Service (Q oS): Managing Bandwidth More Effectively Using QoS Classifiers To Conf igure QoS for Outbound Traffic 2. Determine the DSCP policy for packet s carrying the selected IP address: a. Determine the DSCP you want to assi gn to the selected packets. (This codepoint w ill be used to overwr ite the DSCP carri ed in packets received f[...]

Quality of Service (QoS ): Managing Bandwidth More Effectively Using QoS Classifiers To Configure QoS for Outbound Traffic no qos device-priority < ip-address > Deletes the specified IP address as a QoS classifier . show qos device-priority Displays a listing of all Qo S Device Priority classifiers currently in the running-config file. For ex[...]

Quality of Service (Q oS): Managing Bandwidth More Effectively Using QoS Classifiers To Conf igure QoS for Outbound Traffic 2. Configure the priorities fo r the DSCPs you want to u se. DSCP Policies Configured in this ste p. Figure 6-12. Assigning 802.1p Pr iorities to the Selected DSCPs 3. Assign the DSCP polic ies to the se lected device IP ad dr[...]

Quality of Service (QoS ): Managing Bandwidth More Effectively Using QoS Classifiers To Configure QoS for Outbound Traffic QoS IP T ype-of-Service (T oS) Policy and Priority QoS Classifier Precedence: 3 This feature applies only to IPv4 traffic and performs either of the following: ■ T oS IP-Precedence Mode: All IP packets generated by upstream d[...]

Quality of Service (Q oS): Managing Bandwidth More Effectively Using QoS Classifiers To Conf igure QoS for Outbound Traffic Assigning an 802.1p Priority to IPv4 Packets on the Basis of the T oS Precedence Bits If a device or application upstream of the switch sets the precedence bits in the T oS byte of IPv4 packets, you can us e this fea ture to a[...]

Quality of Service (QoS ): Managing Bandwidth More Effectively Using QoS Classifiers To Configure QoS for Outbound Traffic T o replace this option with the T o S diff-services option, just configure diff- services as described below , which au toma ticall y disables IP-Precedence. T o disable IP-Precedence with out enabling the diff-services option[...]

Quality of Service (Q oS): Managing Bandwidth More Effectively Using QoS Classifiers To Conf igure QoS for Outbound Traffic Note on DSCP Use Different appl ications may use the same DSCP in th eir IP packets. Also, the same application may u se multiple DSCPs if the ap plication origina tes on different clients, servers, or other de vices. Using an[...]

Quality of Service (QoS ): Managing Bandwidth More Effectively Using QoS Classifiers To Configure QoS for Outbound Traffic . Syntax: qos type-of-service diff-services < codepoint > Causes the switch to read the < codep oint > ( DSCP) of an incoming IPv4 packet and, when a match occurs, assign a corresponding 802.1p priority , as configu[...]

Quality of Service (Q oS): Managing Bandwidth More Effectively Using QoS Classifiers To Conf igure QoS for Outbound Traffic Executing this co mmand display s the current T oS configuration and sh ows that the selected DSCP is not curre ntly in use. The 000110 codepoint is unused, and thus availab le for directly assigning an 802.1p priority without[...]

Quality of Service (QoS ): Managing Bandwidth More Effectively Using QoS Classifiers To Configure QoS for Outbound Traffic Assigning a DSCP Policy on the Basis of the DSCP in IPv4 Packets Received from Upstream Devices The preceding section describes how to forw ard a policy set by an edge (or upstream ) switch. This op tion changes a DSCP polic y [...]

Quality of Service (Q oS): Managing Bandwidth More Effectively Using QoS Classifiers To Conf igure QoS for Outbound Traffic no qos type-of-service Disables all T oS classifier op eration. Current T oS DSCP policies and priorities remain in the configuration and will become available if you re- enable T oS diff-services. no qos type-of-service [diff[...]

Quality of Service (QoS ): Managing Bandwidth More Effectively Using QoS Classifiers To Configure QoS for Outbound Traffic The DSCPs f or this example have not yet been assi gned an 802.1p priority level. Figure 6-18. Display the Cu rrent DSCP-Map Configuration 2. Configure the policies in the DSCP table: Figure 6-19. Example of Policie s Configure[...]

Quality of Service (Q oS): Managing Bandwidth More Effectively Using QoS Classifiers To Conf igure QoS for Outbound Traffic The specified DSCP policies overwrite the original DSCPs on the selected packets, and use the 802.1p priorities previously configur ed in the DSCP policies in step 2. Figure 6-20. Example of Policy Assignmen t to Outbound Pack[...]

Quality of Service (QoS ): Managing Bandwidth More Effectively Using QoS Classifiers To Configure QoS for Outbound Traffic b. Configure the switch to mark a specific type of inbound traffic with that DSCP (and thus create a policy for that traffic type). c. Configure the internal switches in your LAN to honor the policy . (For example, you co uld c[...]

Quality of Service (Q oS): Managing Bandwidth More Effectively Using QoS Classifiers To Conf igure QoS for Outbound Traffic T able 6-9. How the Sw itch Uses the T oS Configuration Outbound Port T oS Option: IP Precedence (V alue = 0 - 7) Differentiated Services IP Packet Sent Out an Untagged Port in a VLAN Depending on the value of the IP Precedenc[...]

Quality of Service (QoS ): Managing Bandwidth More Effectively Using QoS Classifiers To Configure QoS for Outbound Traffic QoS VLAN-ID (VID) Priority QoS Classifier Precedence: 5 The QoS VLAN-ID opti on supports up to 120 VLAN IDs (VIDs) as QoS classifiers, depending on rule use by other QoS op tions. Where a particular VLAN-ID classifier ha s the [...]

Quality of Service (Q oS): Managing Bandwidth More Effectively Using QoS Classifiers To Conf igure QoS for Outbound Traffic Syntax: vlan < vid > qos priority < 0 - 7 > Configures an 802.1p priori ty for outbound packets belonging to the specified VLA N. This priority determines the packet’ s queue in the outbound port to which it is s[...]

Quality of Service (QoS ): Managing Bandwidth More Effectively Using QoS Classifiers To Configure QoS for Outbound Traffic Figure 6-23. Configuring and Disp laying QoS Priorities on VLANs If you then decided to remove VLAN_20 f rom QoS prioritization. In this instance, No- override indicates that VLAN 20 is not prioritized b y QoS. Figure 6-24. Ret[...]

Quality of Service (Q oS): Managing Bandwidth More Effectively Using QoS Classifiers To Conf igure QoS for Outbound Traffic Note On switches covered in this guide, “mixing” T oS DSCP polici es and 802.1p priorities is not recommended. Refer to the Note on page 6-10. For more on DSCP , refer to “T erminology” on page 6-6. Steps for Creating [...]

Quality of Service (QoS ): Managing Bandwidth More Effectively Using QoS Classifiers To Configure QoS for Outbound Traffic Syntax: vlan < vid > qos dscp < codep oint > Assigns a DSCP policy to packe ts carrying the specified IP address, and overwrites the DSCP in these packets with the assigned < codepoint > value. This poli cy in[...]

Quality of Service (Q oS): Managing Bandwidth More Effectively Using QoS Classifiers To Conf igure QoS for Outbound Traffic 2. Configure the priorities fo r the DSCPs you w ant to use. Priorities Configured in this ste p. Figure 6-26. Assign Priori ties to the Selecte d DSCPs 3. Assig n the DSCP policies to the se lected VIDs and di splay the resul[...]

Quality of Service (QoS ): Managing Bandwidth More Effectively Using QoS Classifiers To Configure QoS for Outbound Traffic QoS Source-Port Priority QoS Classifier Precedence: 6 The QoS source-port opti on enables you to use a packet’ s source-port on the switch as a QoS classifier . Where a part icular source-port classifier ha s the highest prec[...]

Quality of Service (Q oS): Managing Bandwidth More Effectively Using QoS Classifiers To Conf igure QoS for Outbound Traffic For example, suppose that you want to prioritize inbound traffic on the following source-ports: Source-Port Priority 1 - 3 2 4 3 5, 8 5 9 - 11 6 1. Execute the following comma nds to prio ritize traffic received on the above p[...]

Quality of Service (QoS ): Managing Bandwidth More Effectively Using QoS Classifiers To Configure QoS for Outbound Traffic Assigning a DSCP Policy Based on the Source-Port This option assigns a previously configured DSCP pol icy (codepoint and 802.1p priority) t o outbound IP packet s (received from the specified source- ports). That is, the switch[...]

Quality of Service (Q oS): Managing Bandwidth More Effectively Using QoS Classifiers To Conf igure QoS for Outbound Traffic Note A codepoint must have an 802.1p priority assignment (0 - 7) before you can configure that codepo int as a criteria for prioriti zing packets by source-port. If a codepoint show s No-override in the Priority column of the [...]

Quality of Service (QoS ): Managing Bandwidth More Effectively Using QoS Classifiers To Configure QoS for Outbound Traffic For example, suppose you wanted to assign this set of priorities: Source-Port DSCP Priori ty 2 000111 7 5 - 7 000101 5 8, 10 000010 1 1. Determine whether the DSCPs alread y have priority assignments, which could indicate use b[...]

Quality of Service (Q oS): Managing Bandwidth More Effectively Using QoS Classifiers To Conf igure QoS for Outbound Traffic Priorities Configured in this step. Figure 6-31. Assign Priori ties to the Selecte d DSCPs 3. Assig n the DSCP policies to the selected source-ports and display the result. Figure 6-32. The Completed Source-Port DSCP-Priority [...]

Quality of Service (QoS ): Managing Bandwidth More Effectively Using QoS Classifiers To Configure QoS for Outbound Traffic Differentiated Services Codepoint (DSCP) Mapping The DSCP Policy T able associates an 802.1p priority with a specific T oS byte codepoint in an IPv4 packet. This enables you to set a LAN policy that operates independently of 80[...]

Quality of Service (Q oS): Managing Bandwidth More Effectively Using QoS Classifiers To Conf igure QoS for Outbound Traffic T able 6-11.The Default DSCP Pol icy T able DSCP Policy 802.1p Prio rity DSCP Policy 802.1p Prio rity DSCP Policy 802.1p Priority 000000 000001 000010 000011 000100 000101 000110 000111 001000 001001 001010 001011 001100 00110[...]

Quality of Service (QoS ): Managing Bandwidth More Effectively Using QoS Classifiers To Configure QoS for Outbound Traffic Quickly Listing Non-Defa ult Codepoint Settings T a ble 6-11 lists the switch’ s default co depoint/prio rity sett ings. If you change the priority of any codepo int setting to a non-defa ult value and then execute write memo[...]

Quality of Service (Q oS): Managing Bandwidth More Effectively Using QoS Classifiers To Conf igure QoS for Outbound Traffic Effect of “ No-override ” In the QoS T y pe-of-Service di ff erentiated services mode, a No-override assignment for t he codepoint of an outbound packet means th at QoS is effectively disabled for such packets. Th at is, Q[...]

Quality of Service (QoS ): Managing Bandwidth More Effectively Using QoS Classifiers To Configure QoS for Outbound Traffic Example of Changing the Priority Setting on a Policy When One or More Classifiers Are Currently Using the Policy Suppose that co depoint 000001 is in use by one or more classifiers. If you try to change its priority , you see a[...]

Quality of Service (Q oS): Managing Bandwidth More Effectively Using QoS Classifiers To Conf igure QoS for Outbound Traffic Three classifiers use the codepoint that is to be changed. T wo classifiers do not use the codepoint that is to be chang ed. Figure 6-35. Example of a Sea rch to Identify Classifi ers Using a Codepoint Y ou Want T o Change 2. [...]

Quality of Service (QoS ): Managing Bandwidth More Effectively Using QoS Classifiers To Configure QoS for Outbound Traffic c. Assig n the port-priority classifier to the new DSCP policy . d. Assign the udp-port 1260 classifier to an 802.1 p priority . 3. Reconfigure the desired prio rity for the 00000 1 codepoint. ProCurve(config)# qos dscp-map 000[...]

Quality of Service (Q oS): Managing Bandwidth More Effectively IP Multicast (IGMP) Interaction with QoS IP Multicast (IGMP) Interaction with QoS IGMP high-p riority- forward causes the swi tch to service the subscribed IP multicast group traffic at hi gh priority , even if QoS on the switch has relegated the traffic to a lower priorit y . This does[...]

Quality of Service (QoS ): Managing Bandwidth More Effectively QoS Operating Notes and Restrictions QoS Operating Notes and Restrictions T able 6-12. Details of Pack et Criteria and Restrictions for QoS Support Packet Criteria or Restriction QoS Classifiers DSCP Overwrite (Re- Marking) UDP/TCP Device Priority (IP Address) IP T ype-of- Service VLAN [...]

Quality of Service (Q oS): Managing Bandwidth More Effectively QoS Operating Notes and Restrictions ■ Maximu m QoS Config uration Entr ies: The switches covered in this guide accept the maximum o utbound priorit y and/or DSCP po licy config- uration entries of 128 rul es per QoS feature. Attempting to exceed th e above limits gene rates the follo[...]

Quality of Service (QoS ): Managing Bandwidth More Effectively QoS Operating Notes and Restrictions 6-68[...]

7 IP Routing Features Contents Overview of IP Routing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-3 IP Interfaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-3 IP Tables and Caches . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .[...]

IP Routing Features Contents Enabling IRDP Globally . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-23 Enabling IRDP on an Individual VLAN Inte rface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-23 Displaying IRDP Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-25 Configuring DHCP Relay . . . . . . .[...]

IP Routing Features Overview of IP Routing Overview of IP Routing The switches covered in this guide offer IP static ro uting, supporting up to 16 static routes. IP static routing is configurab le through the switch’ s console CLI. This chapter refers the switch as a “rout ing switch”. When IP routing is e nabled on your switch, it behaves ju[...]

IP Routing Features Overview of IP Routing Note Y our ProCurve switch supports IP addr esses in classical sub-net format, which includes the IP address an d the subnet m ask (example: 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0), and Classless Interdomain R outing (CIDR) format (example: 192.168.1.1/24). Y ou can use either format when configuring IP address informa[...]

IP Routing Features Overview of IP Routing IP Route T able The IP route t able contains routing path s to IP destinati ons. Note The default gateway , which is configured as part of the IP address configura- tion described in chapt e r 7, “IP Addressin g ”, is used only wh en routing is n ot enabled on the switch. The IP route table can rece iv[...]

IP Routing Features Overview of IP Routing ■ If the cache contains an entry with the de stination IP addr ess, the device uses the information in th e entry to forward the packet out the ports listed in the entry . The de stination IP address is the ad dress of the packet’ s fina l destination. The port numbers are th e ports throu gh which the[...]

IP Routing Features Overview of IP Routing Parameter Description Default See page ICMP Router Discovery Protocol (IRDP) An IP protocol that a router can use to advertise the IP addresses of its router interfaces to directly attached hosts. Y ou can enable or disable the protocol at the Gl obal CLI Config level. Y ou also can enable or disable IRDP [...]

IP Routing Features Configuring IP Parameters for Routing Switches Configuring IP Parameters for Routing Switches The following sectio ns describe how to configure IP parameters. Some param- eters can be configured globally while others can be configured on indivi dual VLAN interfaces. Some pa rameters can be configured globally and overridden for [...]

IP Routing Features Configuring IP Parameters for Routing Switches table or forwarding ca che. The routing switch needs to know the MAC a ddress that corresponds with the IP address of either the packet’ s locally attached destination or the next-hop router that l eads to the des tination. For example, to forward a packet whos e destinatio n is m[...]

IP Routing Features Configuring IP Parameters for Routing Switches routers, incl uding ProCurve rout ing sw itches, can be configured t o reply to ARP requests fr om one network on beh alf of devices on another network. See “Enabl ing Proxy ARP” be low . Note If the routing switch receive s an ARP re quest packet that it is unab le to deliver t[...]

IP Routing Features Configuring IP Parameters for Routing Switches ProCurve(config)# show ip Internet (IP) Service IP Routing : Disabled Default Gateway : 15.255.120.1 Default TTL : 64 Arp Age Domain Suffix : 1000 : DNS server : VLAN | IP Config IP Address Subn et Mask Proxy ARP -------------------- + ---------- ---- ----------- --------------- ---[...]

IP Routing Features Configuring IP Parameters for Routing Switches Y ou can set or display the arp-age value using the menu interface ( Menu > Switch Configuration > IP Config ). ProCurve 12-June-2007 14:45:31 ===========================- TELNET - MAN AGER MODE ====================== Switch Configuration - Internet (IP) Ser vice IP Routing : [...]

IP Routing Features Configuring IP Parameters for Routing Switches An ARP request from o ne subnet can reach another subnet wh en both subnets are on the same physical segment (Ethernet cable), since MAC-layer broad- casts reach all the d evices on the segment. Proxy ARP is disabl ed by default on ProCurve routing swi t ches. T o enable Proxy ARP ,[...]

IP Routing Features Configuring IP Parameters for Routing Switches T o enable forwarding of IP directed broadcasts, enter the following CL I command: ProCurve(config)# ip directed-broadcast Syntax : [no] ip directed-broa dcast ProCurve software makes the forwarding d ecision based on the routi ng switch's knowledge o f the destinatio n network[...]

IP Routing Features Configuring IP Parameters for Routing Switches Disabling Replies to Broadcast Ping Requests By default, ProCurve devices are enabled t o respond to broadc ast ICMP echo packets, which are ping reques ts. Y ou can disable response to pi ng requests on a global basis using th e following CL I method. T o disable respons e to broad[...]

IP Routing Features Configuring Static IP Routes ■ Protocol – The TCP or UDP protocol on the destination host is not running. This message is different from the Port Unreachable message, which indica tes that the prot ocol is runni ng on the host but the requ ested protocol port is un available. ■ Source-route-failure – The device re ceived[...]

IP Routing Features Configuring Static IP Routes ■ Default network route – This is a specific sta t ic route that the routing switch uses if othe r routes to the destination are not availabl e. Refer to “Configuring the Default Rout e” in th e chapter titled “IP Routing Features” in the Management and Configuration Guide for your switch[...]

IP Routing Features Configuring Static IP Routes This feature allows the routing switch to adjust to ch anges in network topology . The routing switch does not continue trying to use routes on unavailable paths but instead uses routes only wh en their path s are available. Configuring a Static IP Route T o configure an static IP rout e with a desti[...]

IP Routing Features Configuring Static IP Routes Configuring a “Null” Route Y ou can configure the routin g switch to drop IP packets to a specific network or host address by configuri ng a “null” static route for the address. When the routing switch recei ves a packet destined for the address, the routing switch drops the packet instead of[...]

IP Routing Features Configuring Static IP Routes For example, Figure 7-7 illustrates a routing topology w ith two possible gateways to support a static route from switch “A” to the 10.31.224.0 network in switch “C”. VLAN 29: 10.29.224.1 VLAN 30: 10.30.224.3 Switch “A” VLAN 29: 10.29.224.2 VLAN 30: 10.30.224.1 Switch “B” VLAN 30: 10.[...]

IP Routing Features Configuring Static IP Routes Default Loopback Network Default Loopback Interface Default Null Route Configured Static Route Destinations Directly Connected to the Switch Lists the Data for the Specified Route Figure 7-8. Exa mples of the Show IP Route Co mmand 7-21[...]

IP Routing Features Configuring IRDP Configuring IRDP The ICMP Route r Discovery Protocol (IRDP) is used by ProCurve routing switches to advertise the IP addresses of its router interfaces to directly attached hosts. IRDP is enabled by de fault. Y ou can enable the feature on a global basis or on an individual VLAN interface basis. When IRDP is ena[...]

IP Routing Features Configuring IRDP messages from other routers at th e sa me time. The interval on each IRDP- enabled routing sw itch interface is independent of the interval on ot her IRDP-enabled interfaces. The default ma ximum message interval is 600 seconds. The default minimum message interv al is 450 seconds. ■ Preference - If a host rec[...]

IP Routing Features Configuring IRDP Syntax : [n o] ip irdp Enables or disables (the default) ip irdp on the specified VLAN. [broadcast | multicast] This parameter specifies the packet type the routing switch uses to send th e Router Advertisement: broadcast - The routing switch sends Router Advertisements as IP broadcasts. multicast - The routing [...]

IP Routing Features Configuring IRDP [ minadvertinterval < seconds > ] This parameter specifies the mi nimum amount of time the routing switch can wait between sending Router Advertisements. Default: three-fourths (0.75) the value of the maxadvertinterva l parameter . If you change the maxadvertinterval parameter , the software automatica lly[...]

IP Routing Features Configuring DHCP Relay Configuring DHCP Relay Overview The Dynamic Host Configuratio n Protocol (DHCP) is used for configuring hosts with IP address an d other conf iguration parameters witho u t human intervention. The prot ocol is composed of three component s: the DHCP client, the DHCP server , and the DHCP relay agent. The D[...]

IP Routing Features Configuring DHCP Relay Minimum Requ irements fo r DHCP Relay Operation In order for the DHCP Relay agent to work, the follow in g steps must be completed: 1. DHC P Relay is enabled on the routing switch 2. A DHCP server is servic ing the routing switch 3. IP Routing is ena bled on the routing switch 4. There is a route f rom the[...]

IP Routing Features Configuring DHCP Relay Note DHCP Option 82 DHCP operat ion modifies client IP address request p ackets to the extent needed to forward the packets to a DHC P server . Option 82 enhances this operation by enabling the ro uting switch to append an Option 82 field to such client requests. This fi eld includes tw o suboptions for id[...]

IP Routing Features Configuring DHCP Relay However , Option 82 relay agents should be positioned at the DHCP policy boundaries in a networ k to provide maximum support and securit y for the IP addressing polici es conf igured in the server . Option 82 Server Support T o apply DHCP Option 82, the routing sw itch must operate in conjunction with a se[...]

IP Routing Features Configuring DHCP Relay DHCP Policy Boundary: For Option 82 applications, an area of a network as defined by conn ection to a gi ven routing switch or subnet and/or a specific port belongin g to the routing sw itch or subnet. DHCP relay agent: See Relay Agent. Forwarding Policy: The Option 82 met hod the ro uting switch uses to p[...]

IP Routing Features Configuring DHCP Relay ■ routing switch access to an Opti on 82 DHCP server on a different subnet than the clients requesting DHCP Option 82 support ■ one IP Helper address configur ed on each VLAN supporting DHCP clients General DHCP-R elay Operati on with Option 8 2. T ypically , the first (primary) Option 82 relay agent t[...]

IP Routing Features Configuring DHCP Relay Option 82 Field Content The Remote ID and Circu it ID subfields comp rise the Option 82 field a rel ay agent appends to client requests. A DHCP server configured to apply a different IP addressing po licy to different are as of a network uses the va lues in these subfie lds to determ ine which DHCP policy [...]

IP Routing Features Configuring DHCP Relay ■ Circuit ID: This nonconfigurable subfi eld identifies the port number of the physical port through which th e routing switch received a given DHCP client request, and is necessa ry to identify if you want t o configure an Option 82 DHCP server to use the Circuit ID to se lect a DHCP policy to assign to[...]

IP Routing Features Configuring DHCP Relay For example, suppose you wanted port 10 on a g i ven relay agent to support no more than five DHCP cli ents simu ltaneously , you could configure the server to allow only five IP addressing assignments at an y one time for the circuit ID (port) and remote ID (MAC address) corresponding to port 10 on the se[...]

IP Routing Features Configuring DHCP Relay Option 82 Configuration DHCP Client Request Packet Inbound to the Routing Switch Packet Has No Option 82 Field Packet Includes an Option 82 Field Replace Append an Option 82 Field Replace replaces any existing Option 82 fields from downstream relay agents (and/ or the originating client) with an Option 82 [...]

IP Routing Features Configuring DHCP Relay the next two relay agent ho ps (“B” and “C”). The se rver can then enforce an IP addressing policy based on the Opti on 82 field generated by the edge relay agent (“A”). In this example, the DH CP policy boundary is at relay agent 1. VLAN 10 DHCP Option 82 Server Client DROP VLAN 20 VLAN 20 VLA[...]

IP Routing Features Configuring DHCP Relay Server response val i dation is an o pti on you can specify when configuring O p t i o n 8 2 D H C P f o r app end , replace , or drop operation. (Refer to “Forwarding Policies” on page 7-34.) Enab ling valid a tio n on the rout ing switch can enhance protection against DHCP server respons es that are [...]

IP Routing Features Configuring DHCP Relay Multinetted VLANs On a multinetted VLAN, eac h interface can form a n Option 82 policy boundary within that VL AN if the routin g switch is config ured to use IP fo r the remote ID suboption. That is, if the routin g switch is configured with IP as the remote ID option and a DHCP client req uest pack et is[...]

IP Routing Features Configuring DHCP Relay drop: Configures the routing switch to uncon ditionally drop any client DHCP packet received with existing Option 82 field(s). This means that such packets will not be forwarded. Use this option where access to the routing switch by untrusted clients is possible. If the routing switch receives a client DHC[...]

IP Routing Features Configuring DHCP Relay Operating Notes ■ This implem entation of DHCP relay with Option 82 co mplies with t he following RFCs: • RFC 2131 • RFC 3046 ■ Moving a clie nt to a different port allows the client to continue operating as long as th e port is a member of the same VLAN as the port through which the client r eceiv[...]

IP Routing Features Configuring DHCP Relay ■ Relay agents without Option 82 can ex ist in the path between Opti on 82 relay agents and an Option 82 server . The agents without Option 82 will forward client requests and server responses without any effect on Option 82 fields in the packets. ■ If the routing swit ch is not able to add an Option 8[...]

IP Routing Features UDP Broadcast Forwarding UDP Broadcast Forwarding Overview Some applications rely on cli e nt requ ests sent as l imited IP broadcast s addressed to a UDP applicat ion port. If a se rver for the applica tion receives such a broadcast, the server c an repl y to the client. Since typical router behavior , by default, does not al l[...]

IP Routing Features UDP Broadcast Forwarding T able 7-5. Example of a UDP Packet-Forwarding Environment Interface IP Address Subnet Mask Forwarding Address UDP Port Notes VLAN 1 15 .75.10.1 255.25 5.255.0 15 .75.11.43 11 88 Unicast address for forwarding inbound UDP packets with UDP port 1188 to a specific device on VLAN 2. 15.75.11.25 5 18 12 Broa[...]

IP Routing Features UDP Broadcast Forwarding Configuring and Enabling UDP Broadcast Forwarding T o configure and enable UDP broa dcast forwarding on the switch: 1. Enable routi ng. 2. Globall y enable UDP broadcast forwarding. 3. On a per -VLAN basis, configure a fo rwarding address an d UDP port type for each type of i ncoming UDP broadcast yo u w[...]

IP Routing Features UDP Broadcast Forwarding — Continued from the preceding page. — < ip-address >: This can be either of the following: • The unicast address of a dest ination server on another subnet. For exampl e: 15.75. 10.43. • The broadcast address of the subnet on which a destination server operates. Fo r example, the following[...]

IP Routing Features UDP Broadcast Forwarding Displaying the Current IP Forward-Protocol Configuration Syntax show ip fo rward-protocol [ vlan < vid >] Displays the current status of UDP broadcast forwarding and lists the UDP forwarding address(es) configured on all static VLANS in the switch or on a specific VLAN . Global Display Showin g UDP[...]

IP Routing Features UDP Broadcast Forwarding Operating Notes for UD P Broadcast Forwarding Maximum Number of Entrie s. The number of UDP broadcast entrie s and IP helper addresses combined can be up to 16 per VLAN, with an overall maximum of 2048 on the switch. (IP helper add resses are used wi th the switch’ s DHCP Relay operatio n. For more inf[...]

IP Routing Features UDP Broadcast Forwarding 7-48[...]

8 ProCurve Stack Management Contents Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-3 Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-4 Which Devices Support Stacking? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [...]

ProCurve Stack Management Contents Using the CLI To Disable or Re-Enable Stac king . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-46 Transmission Interval . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-46 Stacking Operatio n with Multiple VLAN s Configured . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-46 Web: Viewing and Conf iguring Stacking . . .[...]

ProCurve Stack Management Overview Overview This chapte r describes how to use your net work to stack switches wit hout the need for any specialized cabling. For an overview of stacking feature s, refer to the table on page 8-4. For general information on how to use the switch’ s built-in interfaces, see: ■ Chapter 3, “Using the Menu Interfac[...]

ProCurve Stack Management Operation Operation Stacking Features Feature Default Menu CLI We b view stack status view status of a si ngle switch n/a page 8-27 page 8-32 page 8-46 thru page 8-29 view candidate status n/a page 8-32 view status of commander and its n/a page 8-33 stack view status of all stacking-enabled n/a page 8-33 switches in the ip[...]

ProCurve Stack Management Operation ■ Simplify m anagement of small wo rkgroups or wiring closets while scaling your network to handle increased bandwidth demand. ■ Eliminate any specialized cables for stacki ng connectivity and remove the distance barriers that ty pically limit your topo logy options when using other stac king technologies. ?[...]

ProCurve Stack Management Operation Components of ProCurve Stack Management T able 8-1. Stacking Defi nitions Stack Consists of a Commander swit ch and any Member switches belong ing to that Commander’ s stack. Commander A switch that has been manually configured as t he controlling device for a stack. When this occurs, the switch’ s stacking c[...]

ProCurve Stack Management Operation Member Switch 1 IP Address: None Assigned Manager Password: le ader Candidate Switch IP Address: None Assi gned Manager Password: francois Non-Member Switch IP Address: 14.28.227.1 05 Manager Password: donald Member Switc h 2 IP Address: None Assigned Manager Pa ssword: l eader Wiring Closet "B" Wiring [...]

ProCurve Stack Management Operation ■ If multip le VLANs are configure d , stacking uses only the primary VLAN on any switch. In the fact ory-defa ult configur ation, the DEF AUL T_VLAN is the primary VLAN. (See “Stacking Operation with Multiple VLANs Configured” on pa ge 8-45 and “The Primary VLAN” on page 2-7.) ■ Stacking allows in te[...]

ProCurve Stack Management Operation IP Addressing and Stack Name Number Allowed Per Stack Passwords SNMP Communities Member IP Addr: Optional. Configuring an IP address allows access via T elnet or web browser interface without going through the Commander switch. This is useful, for example, if the stack Commander fails and you need to convert a Me[...]

ProCurve Stack Management Configuring Stack Managemen t Configuring Stack Management Overview of Configuring and Bringing Up a Stack This process assumes that: ■ All switch es you want to i nclude in a stack are connected to the same subnet (broadcast domain). ■ If VLANs are enabled on the switches you want to include in the stack, then the por[...]

ProCurve Stack Management Configuring Stack Management T able 8-3. Stacking Confi guration Guide Join Method 1 Commander (IP Addressing Required) Candidate (IP Addressing Optional) Auto Grab Auto Join Passwords Automatically add Candidate to Stack (Causes the first 15 eligible, discovered switches in the subnet to automatically join a stack.) Ye s [...]

ProCurve Stack Management Configuring Stack Managemen t General Steps for Creating a Stack This section describes th e general stack creation process. For the detail ed configuration pro cesses, see pages 8-13 through 8-37 for the menu interfac e and pages 8-30 throug h 8-42 for the CLI. 1. Determine the nami ng conventions for the stack. Y o u wil[...]

ProCurve Stack Management Configuring Stack Management join the stack, assign IP addresse s to these devices. Otherwise, IP addressing is optional for Candidat es and Members. (Note that once a Candidate becomes a member , you can acce ss it through the Commander to assign IP addressin g or make other configur ation changes.) 4. Make a record of an[...]

ProCurve Stack Management Configuring Stack Managemen t Figure 8-5. The Default Stac king Menu 3. Display the Stack Conf iguration menu by pressing [3] to select Stack Configuration . Figure 8-6. The Default Stac k Configuration Screen 4. Move the cursor to the Stack State field by pressing [E] (for Edi t ). Then use the Space bar to select the Com[...]

ProCurve Stack Management Configuring Stack Management Figure 8-7. The Default Comm ander Configuration in the Stack Configurati on Screen 6. Enter a unique stack name (up to 15 characters; no spaces) and press the downarrow key . 7. Ensure that the Commander has the desired Auto Grab setting, then press the downarrow key: • No (the default) prev[...]

ProCurve Stack Management Configuring Stack Managemen t ■ Convert the Candidate to a Commander ■ Disable stacking on the Candidate so that it operates as a standalone switch In its default stacking conf igurati on, a Candidate switch can either automati- cally join a stack or be manually added (“pulled”) into a stack by a Commander , depend[...]

ProCurve Stack Management Configuring Stack Management Figure 8-8. The Default Stac k Configuration Screen 3. Move the cursor to the Stack State field by pressing [E] (for Edi t ). 4. Do one of the following: • T o disable stacking on the Candidate, use the Space bar to select the Disabled option, then go to step 5. Note: Using the menu interface[...]

ProCurve Stack Management Configuring Stack Managemen t 5. press [Enter] to return the cursor to the Actions line. 6. Press [S] (for Save ) to save your configuration changes and return to the Stacking menu. Using the Commander T o Manage The Stack The Command er normally operates as yo ur stack m anager and point of entry into other sw itches in t[...]

ProCurve Stack Management Configuring Stack Management For status descri ptions, see th e table on pag e 8-47. Figure 8-9. Example of the Stack Mana gement Screen 2. Press [A] (for Add ) to add a Candidate. Y ou will then see this screen listing the available Candidates: The Commander auto matically sele cts an available switch number (SN). Y ou ha[...]

ProCurve Stack Management Configuring Stack Managemen t • If the desired Candidat e has a Manager password, press the downarrow key to move the cursor to t he Candidate Password field, then type the password . • If the desired Candi date does not have a password, go to step 6. 6. Press [Enter] to retu rn to the Actions line, th en press [S] (fo[...]

ProCurve Stack Management Configuring Stack Management 2. T o learn or verify the MAC address of the Member you want to move, display a listing of all Commanders , Members, and Ca ndidates in the subnet by selecting: 2. Stacking Status (All) Y ou will then see the St acking Status (All) screen: For status descriptions, see the tabl e on page 8-47. [...]

ProCurve Stack Management Configuring Stack Managemen t 7. Use the downarrow key to move the cursor to the MA C Address field, then type the MAC addres s of the desired Member you wa nt to move from another stack. 8. Do one of the following: • If the stack containing th e Member you are moving has a Manager password, press the downarrow key to se[...]

ProCurve Stack Management Configuring Stack Management T o remove a Member from a stack, use the Stack Manageme nt screen. 1. From the Mai n Menu, select: 9. Stacking... 4. Stack Managemen t Y ou will then see th e Stack Management screen: For status descriptions, see the table on page 8-47. Stack Member List Figure 8-13. Example of Stack Mana geme[...]

ProCurve Stack Management Configuring Stack Managemen t 4. T o conti nue deleting the selected Member , press the Space bar once to select Ye s for the prompt , then press [Enter] to complete the deletion. Th e Stack Management screen updates to sh ow the new stack Member list. Using the Commander T o Access Member Switches for Configuration Change[...]

ProCurve Stack Management Configuring Stack Management Main Menu for stack Member name d “Coral Se a” (SN = 1 from figure 8-16) Figure 8-17. The eXecut e Command Display s the Console Main Men u for the Selected Stack Member 2. Y ou can now make configuration change s and/or view status data for the selected Member in the same way th at you wou[...]

ProCurve Stack Management Configuring Stack Managemen t 4. T o display Sta ck Configurat ion menu for the switch you are moving, select 3. Stack Configura tion 5. Press [E] (for E dit ) to select the Sta ck State parameter . 6. Use the Spa ce bar to select Member , then press [v] to move to th e Com- mander MAC Address field. 7. Enter the MAC addre[...]

ProCurve Stack Management Configuring Stack Management Using Any Stacked Switch T o V iew the Status for All Switches with Stacking Ena bled. This procedure displa ys the general status of all sw itches in the IP subn et (broadcast do main) that have stacking enabled. 1. Go to the console Main Menu for an y switch conf igured for stacking a nd sele[...]

ProCurve Stack Management Configuring Stack Managemen t Figure 8-19. Example of the Comm ander’ s Stacking Status Screen V iewing Member Status. This procedure di splays the Member’ s stacking information plus the Commander’ s status, IP address, and MAC address. T o display the status for a Member: 1. Go to the console Main Menu of the Comma[...]

ProCurve Stack Management Configuring Stack Management Figure 8-20. Example of a Me mber’ s Stacking Stat us Screen V iewing Candidate Status. This procedure displ ays the Candidate’ s stacking conf iguration. T o display the status for a Candidate: 1. Use T elne t (if the Candidate has a val id IP address fo r your network) or a direct serial [...]

ProCurve Stack Management Configuring Stack Managemen t Using the CLI T o View Stack Status and Configure Stacking The CLI ena bles you to do all of the stacking t asks availabl e through the m enu interface.) T able 8-6. CLI Commands for Con figuring Stacking on a Switch CLI Command Operation show stack [candidates | view | all] Commander: Shows C[...]

ProCurve Stack Management Configuring Stack Management CLI Command Operation [no] stack member <switch-num> mac-address <mac-addr> [password <password-str> ] Commander: Adds a Candidate to stack membership. “No” form removes a Member from stack membership. T o easily determine the MAC address of a Candidate, use the show stack[...]

ProCurve Stack Management Configuring Stack Managemen t Using the CLI T o View Stack Status Y ou can list the st ack status for an individual switch and f or other switches that have been discover ed in the sa me subn et. Syntax : show stack [candidates | view | all] V iewing the Status of an Individual Swi tch. The follow ing example illustrates h[...]

ProCurve Stack Management Configuring Stack Management V iewing the Status of all Stack-Enabled Swit ches Discovered in the IP Subnet. The next example lists all the stac k-configured switches discovered in the IP subnet. Because the switch on which the show stac k all command was execute d is a candidate , it is includ ed in the “O thers” cate[...]

ProCurve Stack Management Configuring Stack Managemen t Using the CLI T o Configure a Commander Switch Y ou can configure any stacking- e nabled sw itc h to be a Commander as long as the intended stack name does not already exis t on the broadcast domain. (When you config ure a Commander , you automatic ally creat e a corresponding stack.) Before y[...]

ProCurve Stack Management Configuring Stack Management The stack command er command configures the Command er and names the stack . The Commander appe ars in the stack as Swi tch Number (SN) 0. Figure 8-26. Example of the Commander’ s Show Stack Screen wi th Only the Commander Discovered Using a Member’ s CLI to Convert the Member to the Comman[...]

ProCurve Stack Management Configuring Stack Managemen t Figure 8-27. Example of Using a Mem ber’ s CLI T o Convert the Member to t he Commander of a New Stac k Removes the Member from the “Big_W aters” stack. Converts the former Member to the Com- mander of the new “Lakes” stack. The output from th is command tell s you the MAC address of[...]

ProCurve Stack Management Configuring Stack Management Using the Commander’ s CLI T o Manually Add a Cand idate to the Stack. T o manually add a candidate, you will use: ■ A switch number ( SN ) to assign to the new member . Member SNs range from 1 to 15. T o see which SNs are al ready assign ed to Members, use show stack view . Y ou can use an[...]

ProCurve Stack Management Configuring Stack Managemen t For example, if the ProCurve 8000M in the above listing did not have a Manager password and you want ed to make it a stack Member wi th an SN of 2 , you would execute the following command: ProCurve(config)# stack member 2 mac-address 0060b0- dfla00 The show stack view command then lists the M[...]

ProCurve Stack Management Configuring Stack Management Using a Candidate CLI T o Manually “Push” the Candidate Into a Stack . Use this method if any of the following appl y: ■ The Candidate’ s Auto Join is set to Ye s (and you do not want to enable Auto Grab on the Commander) or the Candidate’ s Auto Join is set to No . ■ Either you kno[...]

ProCurve Stack Management Configuring Stack Managemen t Syntax : stack member < switch-number > mac-address < mac-addr > [ password < password-str >] In the destination Commander , use show stac k all to find the MAC address of the Member you wan t to pull into the de stination stac k. For example, supp ose you created a new C omm[...]

ProCurve Stack Management Configuring Stack Management Syntax : no stack name < stack name> stack join < mac-address > If you don’ t know the MAC address of th e destination Command er , you can use show stack all to identi fy it. For example, suppose you have a switch operating as the Commander for a temporary stack named “T e st?[...]

ProCurve Stack Management Configuring Stack Managemen t Use show sta ck view to list the stack M embers. For example, suppose that you wanted to use the Command er to remove the “North Sea” Me mber from the following stac k: Remove this Member from the stack. Figure 8-34. Example of a Com mander and Three Switches in a Stack Y ou would then exe[...]

ProCurve Stack Management Configuring Stack Management Y ou would then execute this com m and in t he “North Sea” switch’ s CLI to remove the switch from the stack: North Sea(config)# no stack join 0030c1-7fec40 Using the CLI T o Access Member Switches for Configuration Changes and T raffic Monitoring After a Candidate becomes a Member , yo u[...]

ProCurve Stack Management Configuring Stack Managemen t SNMP Community Operation in a Stack Community Membership In the default stacking co nfiguratio n, when a Ca nd idate joins a stack, it automatically becomes a Member of any SNMP community to which the Commander belo ngs, even though an y community names configu red in the Commander are not pro[...]

ProCurve Stack Management Configuring Stack Management Note that in the above example (fig ure 8- 37) you cannot use the public community thro ugh the Comma nder to access any of the Member switches. For example, you can use the public co mmunity to ac cess the MIB in switches 1 and 3 by using their unique IP addre sses. However , you must use the [...]

ProCurve Stack Management Configuring Stack Managemen t When using stacki ng in a multiple-VLA N environme nt, the following crit eria applies: ■ Stacking uses only the primary VLAN on each switch in a stack. ■ The primary VLAN can be tagged or untagged as needed in the stacking path from switch to swi tch. ■ The same VLAN ID (VI D) must be a[...]

ProCurve Stack Management Configuring Stack Management Status Messages Stacking screens and li stings display these status messages: Message Condition Action or Remedy Candidate Auto-join Indicates a switch configured with Stack State set to None required Candidate, Auto Join set to Ye s (the default), and no Manager password. Candidate Candidate c[...]

ProCurve Stack Management Configuring Stack Managemen t 8-48[...]

Index Numerics 802.1p priority (QoS) definition … 6-6 802.1Q VLAN standard … 5-7 802.1w as a region … 5-54 A active path … 5-5 address IP … 7-8 advertisement … 3-3 applicable products … 1-ii ARP age setting … 7-10 cache … 7-4 cache table … 7-4 configuring parameters … 7-8 how it works … 7-8 proxy … 7-12 assigning IP addres[...]

DHCP-Relay operation with Option 82 … 7-31 directed broadcasts … 7-13 disclaimer … 1-ii displaying information IRDP … 7-25 domain … 2-15, 2-21 downstream device (QoS) definition … 6-6 effect of priority settings … 6-9 DSCP Policy Table … 6-59 policy, defined … 6-6 See also priority. E enabling RSTP CLI … 5-15 menu interface … [...]

configuration … 4-11 configure per VLAN … 4-5 data-driven … 4-15 delayed group flush … 4-17 Exclude Source … 4-13 Fast-Leave … 4-14 forced fast-leave … 4-17 high-priority forwarding … 4-5 Include Source … 4-13 leave group … 4-12 multicast group … 4-11 multimedia … 4-3 operation … 4-11, 4-12 port states … 4-5 query … 4-[...]

multiple … 2-10 multiple forwarding database … 2-10 N notes on using VLANs … 2-10 notices … 1-ii null static route … 7-19 O optimizing RSTP configuration … 5-13 Option 82 (DHCP) … 7-28 outbound port (QoS) definition … 6-6 outbound port queue (Qo S) definition … 6-7 overview, IP routing … 7-3 P parameters IP global … 7-6 IP int[...]

quick start … 1-5 R reboot … 3-10 redundant path … 5-9, 5-50 spanning tree … 5-9 region … 5-49 See spanning-tree, 802.1s. report See IGMP revision number … 5-53 router … 4-11 routing configuring static routes … 7-16 default route … 7-18 DHCP Relay configuration … 7-26 IP static routes … 7-17, 7-18 IRDP configuration … 7-22 n[...]

activation … 5-60 active path … 5-50 active paths … 5-54 bandwidth loss … 5-51 blocked traffic … 5-51 boundary port, region … 5-53, 5-54 boundary port, VLAN membership … 5-51 BPDU … 5-51, 5-57, 5-61, 5-62, 5-64 BPDU requirement … 5-53 BPDU, function … 5-53 bridge … 5-53 bridge, designated for region … 5-53 caution … 5-46, [...]

rapid state transitions … 5-55, 5-57 redundant links … 5-51 region … 5-5, 5-47, 5-48 region name … 5-53, 5-60 region root switch … 5-48 region, configuration name … 5-81 region, Configuration Revision number … 5 -81 region, defined … 5-53 region, enabling … 5-72 region, root bridge … 5-52 region, RSTP bridge … 5-54 region, swi[...]

configure … 7-44 global enable … 7-44 invalid entry … 7-43 IP helper address, effect … 7-42 maximum entries … 7-42 port-number ranges … 7 -47 show command … 7-46 subnet address … 7-42 subnet masking … 7-43 UDP/TCP port number listing … 7-47 unicast address … 7-42 VLAN, subnetted … 7-42 upstream device QoS) definition … 6-7[...]

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© Copyright 200 7 Hewlett-Packar d Development Company , L.P . December 200 7 Manual Part Number 599 1-864 1[...]