IBM ATM OC-3c manuale d’uso

8271 Nw ays E ther net L AN Sw itc h A T M OC-3 c Modu le User ’ s Guide[...]

Before usin g thi s informa tion an d the prod uct it sup ports, b e sure to rea d the ge ner a l in for ma tio n und er Appe nd ix A, “Sa fe ty Info r- m atio n” and Ap pe nd ix F, “N oti ces , T rade mar k s, an d W arr an tie s ”. First Edition (October 1997) Th is ed itio n ap plie s to the IBM 8271 Nw ays E th ern et L AN Swi tch A TM [...]

C ONTE NTS A BO UT T HIS G UI DE Int r oduc t i on 1 T er m inology 1 AT M Te r m i n o l o g y 1 F in din g Inf orma ti on in Th is G ui de 2 Convent ions 2 Rela t ed Doc ument ation 3 1 F EATU R ES AN D B ENE FITS A TM Benef its 1-1 A TM Module Featur es 1-2 2 N ETW ORK L AYER C ONCE PTS The La yere d Ne two rk Archit ectu re 2 -1 Upper Layer Pr [...]

4 P UTTI NG Y OUR AT M N ETWO RK T OG ETHER Pla nning Y our Networ k 4-1 A TM Configur ation R ul es 4-2 Exte nding VLANs Thr ough t he A T M Network 4-2 A TM Co nnec tions Within Y our Network 4-3 5 N ETW ORK C ONFIGUR ATION E X AMPLES A TM B ack bone i n the Bui lding 5-1 Camp us Conf i g uration 5-2 Ma king a Bu ildin g Re silien t to Net work F[...]

A S AFE TY I N FOR MA TI ON S afe ty Not i ces A- 1 W orld T rade Safe ty In fo rmat ion A-1 B S CR EEN A CC ESS R I GHTS C AT M M ODULE T ECHN ICAL S PEC IF ICATI ON S En vi ronmen tal Specifi cat i ons C-1 A TM Cable S pecific atio n C-1 Does the Cabl e Pr ovide Suf f i cien t Bandwidth? C-2 D T R OUB LESHOO TING How to Us e this Gui de to T rou [...]

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A BOUT T HI S G UIDE In tr oduc tion This guide provides the information that you need to install and configure the IBM 8271 Nway s Ether ne t LAN Switc h A TM OC-3c Mod ul e (ag en t soft w ar e version 1.05) within an IBM 8271 Nways Ethern et LAN s witch which ha s version 3.1 agent s oftware insta lled. This guide i s i n tended f o r use b y ne[...]

2 A BOUT T HIS G UIDE Finding I n f ormatio n in This Guide The followin g table shows you where to fin d specific information within this gu ide. Conve ntion s T abl e 1 and T able 2 list conventions that are us ed throughout this guide. Ta s k L o c a t i o n Learn ing concep ts Chapt er 1, ‘Featur es and Benefi t s” Chapt er 2, ‘Netwo rk L[...]

Rela t ed Documentati on 3 Rel ated D ocu ment atio n The A TM OC-3c Mo dule docum etation set in cludes: ■ IBM 8271 Nw a y s Ethernet LAN Switch A T M OC-3c Module Quick Reference Guide. Part N umber 02L 1333 ■ IBM 8271 Nw a y s Ethernet LAN Switch A T M OC-3c Module Release Notes. Part N umber 02L 1334 Words in Italics I talic s empha size a [...]

4 A BOUT T HIS G UIDE[...]

1 F EATU R ES AND B ENEFI TS This c hapter describes the ma in feature s of the IBM 8271 Nways Ethern et LAN Switch A TM OC-3c Module and the benefits of A T M withi n your network. The A T M Mo dule provides a high-speed A TM connection between your IBM 8271 N way s Ether net LAN Switch and the A TM network. Positioned wi thin a wo rkgroup or depa[...]

1- 2 C HAPTER 1: F EATURES AND B ENEF I TS A TM Modu le Featur es The followin g list summ arizes the A TM Module fea tu re s . Th es e f e atu r es are d e scr i b e d in m o re d et ai l in this guide. ■ Conforms to A TM Forum Standards ■ OC-3c 155Mbps Interface ■ SONET ( STS 3c) and SD H ( STM-1) compli ant ■ Multi-mode Fiber , SC connec[...]

2 N ETW ORK L AY ER C ONCEP TS This guide contains several chapters that des cribe the basic c onc epts behin d A T M technol ogy , and integrating A TM into your e x isting network: ■ This c hapter describes some of the concepts behind the network layer ar chitectur e of a ty pica l A TM network. ■ Chapter 3, “Virtual LAN C o ncepts” descr[...]

2- 2 C HAPTER 2: N ETWOR K L AYER C ONCEPTS Up per L aye r P r oto c o ls The Upper Layer i s the laye r in the netw ork archite ctu re tha t r elate s to user appli c a tions and se r vice re qu ests. For exa mple, an a ppli cation c ou ld be fil e tr ansfer s oftwar e, a nd the se rvi ce re quest could be a r eque st to tran sfer a file f r om a [...]

What is LAN Emulat i o n (LANE)? 2- 3 LAN E mula tion Com ponent s Each E mulat ed L AN (ELAN) is c omp os ed of a se t of LAN Emulation c omp one nts. This section de scribes each of these components. LAN Emu lation Clie nt (L EC) Ea c h A TM de vice has a n umber o f L A N Emul atio n clients. Each LAN Emul atio n Client ( LEC) is r e sp o ns ib [...]

2- 4 C HAPTER 2: N ETWOR K L AYER C ONCEPTS LAN E mula tion Com ponent s i n Y our Networ k Each Emul ated LAN consis ts of a singl e LANE Servi ce , and a number of LAN Em ul ation clients. A LANE Service consists of: ■ A L AN Emulation Ser ver (LES) ■ A Broadc ast and Unknown Serve r (BUS) ■ Optional LAN Emulation Configuration Serv er (LEC[...]

What is LAN Emulat i o n (LANE)? 2- 5 Joining the ELAN Before a LAN Emulation C l i ent (LEC) can transmit any Ethe rnet frames on t o the A TM network it must first join an EL A N . T o join t h e EL AN : 1 The L EC must know the name o f the E LAN it is to join. The ELAN name is s peci fied throug h the managem ent softwar e on th e Switch. 2 The[...]

2- 6 C HAPTER 2: N ETWOR K L AYER C ONCEPTS Mappi ng Ethern et and A TM Addr esses Each device connected to an E thernet port has one or mo re MAC addres se s. Each A TM device has a number of LAN Emulation clients, and each LAN Emulation Client (LEC) has an A TM ad dr e ss . An e xa mpl e of t hi s i s s hown i n F i gur e 2- 3. F igur e 2-3 LAN E[...]

What is LAN Emulat i o n (LANE)? 2- 7 LAN Emul a t ion Ad dre ss Res ol uti on Pr oto c o l (LE_ARP) An LE_ ARP re ques t i s se nt to t he LES to l oc ate the destina t ion MA C addr e ss. The LES in turn sends the LE_ARP reque st to all of the LE Cs in the Emulated LAN. LECs repr esent (act a s a prox y) for MAC address devi ces c o nnected to th[...]

2- 8 C HAPTER 2: N ETWOR K L AYER C ONCEPTS A TM Adapt ation Laye r (AAL) Etherne t frames ca n be betwe en 64 and 1514 by tes in length. A T M transmits da ta in fixed l ength cells . Each cell contains 48 bytes of user data. The AT M Adaptation Layer (AAL) c onverts data betw een the Et hernet and A TM formats. The AAL has a Se gmentat ion and Re[...]

Asynchr onous T ransfer Mode ( A TM) Lay er 2- 9 A TM is S ervice T ransp ar ent A TM al lows fo r the hig h sp eed tr ansfer of a w ide range of use r t raff ic, inclu ding v oi ce, vi de o a n d other da ta . The cell fo rmat means that more th an one servi ce (traf fic type ) can be mult iple xed over the sam e physical l ine, se e Figure 2-4. F[...]

2-10 C HAPTER 2: N ETWORK L AYER C ONCEPTS A VC C is defin ed as s panning en d-to-e n d, wher eas a V irt ual Channel (VC) is the name giv en to a section of the VCC, refer to Figure 2-6. F igur e 2-6 Connecti o n T ermin ology Many virtual channels can exist on the same physical li nk. Eac h virtual chann el is identi fie d by a pai r of numbers:[...]

Asynchr onous T ransfer Mode ( A TM) Lay er 2-11 F igur e 2-7 S witching Cell s using VPI a nd VCI value s.[...]

2-12 C HAPTER 2: N ETWORK L AYER C ONCEPTS Swit ch ed V i rtua l Ci rcuits (SV Cs ) SVCs u se the signall i ng protocol to dynamically define conne ctions as they are needed a n d to r elease th em when th ey ar e no l on ger need ed. SVCs use signalling for: ■ Connectio ns initiated by the user/application. ■ Connectio ns established and dropp[...]

Asynchr onous T ransfer Mode ( A TM) Lay er 2-13 Interim Lo cal Mana gemen t Interfa ce (ILM I ) The A TM F orum produced the Interim Local Management Interface (IL M I) to inc rease monitoring and d iagnostic fac ilities, and to pr ov ide A T M address regi s trati on at the U ser -to-Network I nterface (U NI) . ILMI us es a Ma na ge men t I nf o [...]

2-14 C HAPTER 2: N ETWORK L AYER C ONCEPTS The A TM Layer a nd Cell Str uct ur e This section describes the cell structur e, and how the A TM Layer us e s the information stored in the c ell header to pe rform eac h of its task s. The A T M Laye r’ s primary r e sponsib ility i s to m anage the sendi ng and rece iv ing of cells betw een the user [...]

Physi cal Layer 2-15 Physic al La yer The physical layer i s r esp onsible for transmitting and receiving A TM cells over a physic al mediu m . It is also responsible for ch e c king the in t egrity of the bi t s being tr ansferr ed over a physical med ia, and for maki ng sur e that th ey ar e err or -fre e. The A TM Module is co mpli a nt with bot[...]

2-16 C HAPTER 2: N ETWORK L AYER C ONCEPTS[...]

3 V IRTUAL LAN C ONCEP TS This chapter pr o v ides a brief overv i ew of V irtua l LA N (VL AN) concepts, an d describes how to extend VLA Ns into the A TM network. This user guide does not describ e how to create or configure VLANs. VLAN configuration is described in the user g uide th at accompani es yo ur Swi tch. What is a Virtual LAN (VLAN)? A[...]

3- 2 C HAPTER 3: V I RTUAL LAN C ONCEPTS E xte nding VLANs into the A TM N et wo rk Y ou can us e LAN Emulation to define an d extend VLANs seam lessly thr ough the A TM network , as shown i n the e x ample in F igure 3-3. T raff ic from one Emulat ed LAN ( EL AN) is no t seen on another ELAN as they ar e logically se parate doma i ns. For this r e[...]

Exten ding V LANs i nto th e A TM Net work 3-3 F igur e 3-3 Extending VLANs into the A T M N etw ork.[...]

3- 4 C HAPTER 3: V I RTUAL LAN C ONCEPTS[...]

4 P UT TING Y OUR AT M N ETWO RK T OGET HER This chap ter takes y ou thr ough the pr ocess of planning your network. T opi cs include: ■ Planning and tracking your network configuration. ■ A TM C onfiguration Ru les. ■ Extending Vir tual LANs (VLANs ) i nto the A T M network. ■ A TM c onnection types. P lann ing Y our Netw ork Bef ore inst [...]

4- 2 C HAPTER 4: P UTTI NG Y OUR AT M N ETWORK T OGETHER ■ Does yo ur netw or k m eet s afety sp e c i fi catio ns? Y ou sh ould alway s follow safety requir eme nts and ensur e tha t yo ur devi ce env ironment meets all technical specifications . For the A TM Module these requirements are sp e cified in A ppendix A. For other devi ces, refe r to[...]

A TM Connec tions Wit hin Y our Network 4- 3 ■ Virtual circuits r e quired. ■ MAC addresses that can be held in the device LAN Emul ati on ARP T able. When a LAN Emulation Client (LEC) jo ins an ELA N, up to fi ve control co nnections may be required before any data is transfe rr ed o ver a s eparat e d a ta connection (VCC). Each time a L EC c[...]

4- 4 C HAPTER 4: P UTTI NG Y OUR AT M N ETWORK T OGETHER Figure 4-1 shows an example of a network conf igurat ion wher e a r em ote edge-d evice d oes not support L AN Emu l at i on based on SVCs ( i t only supports PVC LA N Emula tion). F igur e 4-1 S VC Signalling Not Supported in R emote Edge-dev ice[...]

5 N ETW ORK C ONFIGURATI ON E XAMPLES This chapter p r ov ides exampl e s of poss ible network configurations usin g the A TM Module. If you ar e unfamiliar w ith A TM, you should r ead thi s chapte r in conjunction with Chapter 4, “Putting Y our A TM Network T ogether”. A TM B ac kb one in t he Bu ildi ng This section gives an example of an A [...]

5- 2 C HAPTER 5: N ETWOR K C ON FIGU RA TION E XAM PLES Camp us Conf igur a tio n The sec ti o n gives an example of A TM withi n a campus environment. The diagram shown in Figure 5-2 on page 5-3 demonstrates a balance between c ost and performanc e r equirements. Buil ding A shows how you can conc entrate IBM 8721 Nways Ethern et LAN Switch Model [...]

Campus Confi gur ation 5- 3 F igur e 5-2 Campus a nd Cost Sens itive Ne twork[...]

5- 4 C HAPTER 5: N ETWOR K C ON FIGU RA TION E XAM PLES Makin g a B uildi ng Re silie nt to Netw ork Failure Y ou can build resilience into your bui lding backbon e as shown in F igur e 5-3. The provision of r esilient links protects y our network against cable and ne twork failur e b y using a main a nd a standby link. Should the main link fa il ,[...]

6 I NST ALLING AND S ETTING U P TH E M ODULE Followin g Sa f ety In format ion A TTENTION : Only hold the A TM Module by the edges to av oid damage from static. Do not touc h the top or bottom of the ci rcuit boar d. DANGER: B efore i nstalling or remo ving anycom ponents of a device, or carrying out anymai ntenan ce w ork, you m ust r ead the safe[...]

6- 2 C HAPTER 6: I NST AL LING AND S ETTING U P THE M ODULE qualquer trabalho de manutenção, deve ler o conteúdo do Apêndic e A, “Informaç ões sobre Segura n ça” , deste m anual. Peligro: Antes de instal ar o extraer cualquiercompone nte de un dispositivo, o re a li zar cualquier trabajo de mantenim iento, debe leer la información de se[...]

Devic e S upport 6- 3 Dev ice Su ppor t The A TM Module a llows y ou to conne c t your IB M 8271 Nways Ethern et LAN Switch to an A TM network. Switches that suppo rt the A TM Module a re lis ted in the “R ele ase Notes” that ac co mpany your A TM Modu le. Pr e-installati on Pr ocedure This section describes the pr ocedures you need to perform [...]

6- 4 C HAPTER 6: I NST AL LING AND S ETTING U P THE M ODULE Ins tallati on This section describes how to i nstall the A TM M odule using the example of an IBM 8271 N ways E thernet LAN Switch Model 624 device. Installation is similar for all dev ic es co m patible wi th this A TM Module. 1 If the Switch is connected to the network, t u rn of f the [...]

Po st-I nstalla tion Chec ks 6-5 Conne ctin g a ca ble to th e A TM Port 1 Ensure that the cable you wish to connect to the po r t meets the correc t spec i fic ati on . For cable specifications, refe r to “A T M Cable Specification” on page C- 1. 2 Each e nd of the fiber c able has a transmit ( Tx) and rec eive (Rx) connec tor . Connect the R [...]

6- 6 C HAPTER 6: I NST AL LING AND S ETTING U P THE M ODULE LED S ummary This section describes the LEDs that provide status and tr o ubleshooting information. T able 6-1 lists the Switch LEDs, and T ab le 6-2 lists A TM Module LED s. Ta b l e 6 - 1 LEDs o n the Switc h LED Na me Colo r/St ate In dicates MG MT (On the front of the Sw itch) Gr een G[...]

Po st-I nstalla tion Chec ks 6-7 Chec king th e Power Supply Check the MGMT LED on the Sw itc h . If the MGMT LED is not lit ther e is a p ower supply pr ob lem. T ry the following tr oubleshooting pr ocedures: 1 Check that the power supply is plugged into the device, using a power outlet that is known to be working . 2 Check that the main power su[...]

6- 8 C HAPTER 6: I NST AL LING AND S ETTING U P THE M ODULE 4 Remove a ny objects obstructing the cable and stra ight en out any kin ks in the cable. 5 If you suspect that t he fiber optic connector i s dirty , refe r to “Cl e a ning Dirty F i ber Optic C onnectors” on page D- 24. 6 Check that your c able mee ts th e spec ifi cations described [...]

7 A CC ESSING M ANAGE MENT F EA TUR E S The men u - driv en user interf ace built into the device is known as the VT 100 or Loca l M a nage me n t int er f a ce . The VT10 0 manage m ent interface ha s a form s-based structur e with pre-defined security levels, enabling access to be restricted to particular users. Accessing a nd navigating the loca[...]

7- 2 C HAPTER 7: A CCESSI NG M ANAG EM ENT F EATURES F igur e 7-1 Screen Map[...]

Logg ing On 7-3 Logging On 1 Connect your terminal to the C ons ole port using a cr oss-over cable for a serial line connec tion. 2 At your term inal, pr ess [Return] two or more t imes until the Main Banner is displayed, as shown in Figure 7-2. F igur e 7-2 Ma in Ban ner The Console port will automatically detect t h e line-speed ( b aud rate), an[...]

7- 4 C HAPTER 7: A CCESSI NG M ANAG EM ENT F EATURES T o find out whic h A TM screens can be accessed for each of the security levels , r efer to Appendix B, “Screen Access Rights”. For acc ess rights to Switch s cr eens, see th e user guide that accompan ies you r Swi tch. When y ou h ave l ogged on, the Main Menu s cr een is displayed, a s sh[...]

8 M AN AGING THE AT M M ODULE This c hapter describes how to ma nage the A TM Module. If y o u wish to view stat istics, refe r to Chapter 9, “Monitoring the A T M M odule”. Figure 8-1 shows the scr een map . Manage ment features are show n in gray to help yo u locate the scr een you need. F igur e 8-1 Managem ent Scr ee n Map[...]

8- 2 C HAPTER 8: M AN AGING THE ATM M ODULE Conf igu rin g an A T M Por t The A TM Module C onfigu ration Scr een shows the settings and standards used by the A TM Module to communic at e wi t h other devi ces on the A TM network. It is unlikely that you wil l nee d to change the valu e of these setti n gs once they have been set. A TTENTION: I f y[...]

Configu ring an A TM Port 8- 3 SONET/SDH Specifies the fram ing used. Sel ect ei ther SONET S TS-3c or SDH ST M-1 . Th e d e f a ul t i s SONET STS-3 c. The MAX VPI Bits an d MAX VCI B its fields de scribed below , a r e used t o determine how many bits c an be used w ithin each cell h ead er to define the value of the VPI and VCI. The value of the[...]

8- 4 C HAPTER 8: M AN AGING THE ATM M ODULE Up gra dab le Sof t war e V ers io n Show s the versio n number of agent s oft w ar e stored on the A TM M odule (i n Flash EP ROM ). Boot Sof tware Version This is the v ersion num ber of the boot software stored o n the A TM M odule. Y ou s hould keep a cop y of these version numbers, i n case you need [...]

Exten ding V LANs i nto th e A TM Net work 8-5 2 If the VLAN is to be connected t o an ELAN, select Ye s . If you do not w ish the VLAN to be connected to an ELAN, selec t No . 3 If there is a LECS con t ro llin g ELAN s on you r netwo rk , it should a utomatically supply the LES address for the ELAN, and you should select th e LECS optio n. Only s[...]

8- 6 C HAPTER 8: M AN AGING THE ATM M ODULE F igur e 8-5 VLAN Sele cted Scr e en F igur e 8-6 Switch VLAN S etup Sc re en Use [C trl ]+[D] keys to s cro ll down the li s t bo x to view the res t of the li s t, including the A TM port. The A TM port is s hown as AT M in the Ty p e field, or as AT M B p if it has been set up as a ba ckbone port. A TM[...]

A TM Port Setup 8- 7 F igur e 8-7 A TM Por t Se tup Scr een The scr een s hows the following fiel ds : Port Identifies the selected port. Port Sp eed Show s the speed of the port connec tion. Port St ate Allows you to turn the port on and off . If you wish to al low traf fi c to pass through this port, sele ct th e Enabl e option. T o prevent t raf[...]

8- 8 C HAPTER 8: M AN AGING THE ATM M ODULE Los t Link s T he numb er of tim es a link was unable to transmit traffi c, that i s, the number of times (since the device was reset) that t he L i nk State became Not Avail ab le . LEC State s Shows th e st atus o f the L EC for each VLA N. Th e stat e can be: LEC A ct iv e — traffi c is p a s sing th[...]

Mapping Far E nd MAC Addr esses 8- 9 VLA N A llow s you t o se le ct a VLA N , and disp la y address information about remote systems connec te d to that VL A N . Port Identifies the selected port. Far MAC Address Shows the MAC Address on the edge-device at the far end of the c onnection. Far A TM Ad dr e s s Shows the A TM Addres s for the LEC on [...]

8-10 C HAPTER 8: M AN AG ING THE AT M M ODULE Fin ding an Ad dres s Ent ry 1 In the Fa r MA C A d dre ss field, type in the MAC addr ess as s o ciate d with the A TM addr ess you are trying to l ocate. 2 Sele ct the FIND A TM AD DRESS but ton. An asteri sk (*) is shown next to the entry in the d atabase lis tbox. Upda ti ng A ddr ess E n t ri es T [...]

Sett ing Up Re silien t Links 8-11 A T M A ddress Shows the A TM address of LEC for either the A T M M odul e or the A TM Switch. If Near is sh own in the End fiel d, t he addr ess is the addr ess of the L EC in th e A TM Module. If Fa r is shown in the End field, i t is the addres s of th e LEC i n the A TM Sw it ch o r attached A TM devic e a t t[...]

8-12 C HAPTER 8: M AN AG ING THE AT M M ODULE Every 2 minutes the Switch checks the r esil i ent lin ks to ensure that the fastest link is the Ma in (acti ve) link in the resi lient link pair . I f the fastest l ink is not the Ma in (a cti ve) lin k, th e Swi tch au toma tic ally ma kes it the Main (active) link, on the c ondi tion that: ■ There [...]

Up gra din g So ftw are 8-13 When the OK bu t ton is sel ecte d, the status of the upgrade i s displayed. The following e rr or and sta tus mes sa ges ar e avai l ab l e: Error Me ssages This s ec t i o n l i s t s err or mess ages th at m a y appear if an error oc curs wh ile downl oading a new software image, and suggests soluti ons to the probl [...]

8-14 C HAPTER 8: M AN AG ING THE AT M M ODULE Status Message s This section list s status messa ges that can a ppear when you download new softwar e images to a device. Active The file is c urr e ntly be ing downloade d to the sel ected device. Allow time fo r the download to c omplete. Dow n lo ad su cce ss fu l The file you c hose to dow nload to[...]

9 M ONITORIN G TH E AT M M OD U LE This chapter descri bes how to monitor th e status and performance of your A T M Mod ule. Figure 9-1 s hows the s c reen map. Monitoring sc reens ar e shaded gra y to help you locate the scre en s you need. F igur e 9-1 Status Monito ring Scr e en Map[...]

9- 2 C HAPTER 9: M O NITO RING THE AT M M ODULE Stat istics Ove r vi ew This section prov ides a brief overview of the addition al st atist i cs th a t are ava i lable when y o u inst all an A TM Module. Re fer to the user guide that accompanies the Swit c h for inform at ion a bout the statist ics that are prov i de d by the Swit ch softwar e . T [...]

A TM Por t Stati s t ics 9- 3 A TM Port Stat ist ics The A TM Port St ati st ics scr ee n pr o vi des a top level summary of tra ffic level s on the A TM Port . Y ou can use the sum mary to estimate the am ount of traf fic on your network backbone, and to check the health of the i ncom ing connectio n. Statistics ar e grouped into: ■ A TM Port Ba[...]

9- 4 C HAPTER 9: M O NITO RING THE AT M M ODULE Recei ve Errors S hows the per c entage of cells r ecei ved th at have errors . For ex am ple, c ells re ceiv ed with c orrupted header information ( H eader E rror Control – H EC ). Receive Errors indicate that there is something wrong with the li nk, and y ou should c heck for the foll owing fault[...]

A TM VLAN LE C Status 9- 5 The scr een al so shows the follow ing A TM statis ti cs: Cells Rec eive d The number of A TM cells r e ceived by the port. Ce ll s T rans mitt ed The numbe r of A TM c e lls transmitted per second by the port. Errored Cel ls The num ber of A TM cells that contain an err o r , for ex ample, ce lls that have Header Er ror [...]

9- 6 C HAPTER 9: M O NITO RING THE AT M M ODULE Port ID Identifies the c urrently select ed port. VLAN Allows you to select t he VLAN you wish to monitor . T he default i s VLAN 1. If y ou wish to revi ew the s t ate of all VLANs o n th e A TM Module, s ee “ A TM Port Setup” on pag e 8-6. LEC State Shows the s tate of the L EC to LES communic a[...]

A TM VLAN LE C Status 9- 7 Invalid Req uest Par ameter s Th e LE S/L ECS has r ejec t ed a requ est fr om the LEC because the r equ est par ameters were incompatible w ith the ELA N. Th e LEC ma y be r eques ting a r esour ce that i s on an E LAN which has a d if fer en t L AN t ype to t he LEC. The f rame siz e used c ould be wrong . Chec k the un[...]

9- 8 C HAPTER 9: M O NITO RING THE AT M M ODULE Insuf ficient Res our c es Ther e are insuf ficient r esour ces to g rant a re que st . T oo many connecti on s have bee n r equ este d and t he table s used b y the L ES may be fu ll, and t he conn ection canno t be set up. The A TM Swi tch is bus y and c annot p ro vide LECS function ality . Ther e [...]

A TM VLAN LE C Status 9- 9 LEC Op eration at Failu re Identi fies the opera ti on that was being carried out when the LEC setup failed. This field s hould be u sed in conjun ction with the Last LEC F ailur e Reason to i dentify th e cause of the problem. The possible op erations a r e show n in Ta b l e 9 - 4 . LE_CON FIG URE Err or Thi s sta te ma[...]

9-10 C HAPTER 9: M O NITO RING THE AT M M ODULE Frames R eceived The nu mber of Ethe rnet frames r ec ei v ed b y the LEC. Frames T ransmi tted The number of Ethe rnet frames transmit ted by the L EC . Octets Received The number of Ethernet octets r ec ei v ed b y the LEC. Octets T rans mitted The numbe r of Ethernet octets transmit ted by the L EC[...]

A TM Physi cal L ayer Stati sti cs 9-11 F igur e 9-5 Physic al La yer Stat istic s Current Sampl e Spe cifies the number of seconds elapsed wi thin the c urr ent sampling period. SONET/S DH co u nt ers are acc u mul ated over a period of 15 m inutes (900 seconds). A t the end of the 15 minute sampl ing period, the s oftw ar e store s the res ul ts [...]

9-12 C HAPTER 9: M O NITO RING THE AT M M ODULE The follow i ng stati stics ar e ava ilab l e: Error ed Seco nds (Near) The number of error ed secon ds at the A T M M odule end of the connection. Error e d Second s (Far) The num ber of se conds at the A TM Switch end of the connec tion. Severe Err ored Sec (Near) The number of severe ly er ror ed s[...]

A TM Physi cal L ayer Stati sti cs 9-13 7 If you s us pect that the fiber o pti c cable is not working, replace the c ab le with a c able know n to be worki ng, a n d check th e Link Status LED. 8 Check that the cab l e has not be en accidently plugged into an FDDI connector at one end of the c onnection. 9 Check that the A TM Module a n d A TM Swi[...]

9-14 C HAPTER 9: M O NITO RING THE AT M M ODULE[...]

A S AFE TY I NFORM ATION Y ou must re ad the following safety information before carrying out any installation or removal of compon e nts , or any maintena nc e pr ocedu r es on the Swi tch. Safe ty No tices Safety notices are pri nted thr o ughout this m anual . DANGER notices warn y ou of c onditions or proc e- dures tha t can r esult in death or[...]

A-2 A PPENDIX A: S AFETY I NFORMATION Gevarr: V oo r dat u begint met het installeren van dit produkt, dient u eerst de v e iligheidsrichtlijnen te lezen die z i jn v e rm eld in de publ i katie C aution: Safety Informtion – Read This First , SD 21-0030. In dit boekje vi ndt u veilige p r ocedu r es v oor het aansl uiten van e l ek trische apprat[...]

S afe ty Not i c es A-3 Vi gyáz at: Mielôtt m egk ezdi a berendez é s üzembe hely ez és ét , olv assa el a Caution: Safety I nfor mation – Read Thi s First, SD 21-0030 könyvecs k é ben leírt biz t on sági info rmác iókat. E z a köny v leírja , milyen bizt o nság i i ntézked éseket kell megtenni az e l ek tro- mos ber end ezés hu[...]

A-4 A PPENDIX A: S AFETY I NFORMATION A TTENTION DANGER: In stallat ion a nd remo val of the unit must be carri ed out by qualified personnel only . DANGER: L' installa tio n et l 'enlèv ement de l'unité doivent être fa i ts seulem e n t par le pe rsonnel quali- fié. DANGER: Ein- und Ausbau des Gerätes ist nur v on Fachpersonal [...]

S afe ty Not i c es A-5 DANG ER : This uni t operate s und e r SE L V c ondition s (Safety Extra Low V oltage) according to IEC 950, the conditions of which are maintained only if the equipment to which it is connected is also opera- tional un der S E L V . DANG ER : Cette unité marche sou s les conditions SEL V ( Safet y Extr a Low V oltage) conf[...]

A-6 A PPENDIX A: S AFETY I NFORMATION Gervaar: Deze ee nheid werkt ond er extra lage spann ing (SEL V , Safety Extr a Low V o l ta ge) volgens norm IEC 950. Er wo r dt ui t s l uitend aa n de ze norm voldaan z ol ang de apparatuur w a a rmee de ee nheid is verbonden, o ok werkt onde r SEL V . V aara : Tämä yksikkö sis ältää kans ainväli sen [...]

S afe ty Not i c es A-7 Это устройство работает по стандарту IEC 950 в условиях Безопасно низкого напряжения (SEL V) только при условии, что все оборудование в цепи отвечает стандартам SEL V .[...]

A-8 A PPENDIX A: S AFETY I NFORMATION[...]

B S CR EEN A CCE SS R IGHTS This appendix lists the security access level you must have to be able to access the A TM Module local managem ent scree n s, a nd lists the type of a ct ion tha t can be perform ed for each security level. This appen dix on ly c overs sc reens spec ific all y associate d with A TM functionality . Refer to the us er guid[...]

B- 2 A PPENDIX B: S CREEN A CCESS R I GHTS[...]

C AT M M ODULE T EC HNICAL S PE CIFICATIONS Envir onmenta l Sp ecificatio ns The environmental sp e cifications for the A TM Module are shown in T a ble C-1. A TM Cable S pecif icati on In addi t ion to adhering to your local sta ndards, all cables must conform to: The Ameri can Nati onal St andard A TM Physic al L ayer Medi um De pendent (PMD) sta[...]

C- 2 A PPENDIX C: A TM M ODULE T ECHNICAL S PECIFI CATIONS Maximum a ttenuation includes attenuation and the loss induced by other components suc h as connectors, splices, and the m ating of unlike fiber types. Althoug h some 2km ( 1.25 miles) c ables have a total attenuation of less than 11dB, the 2km (1.25 mile s) inter-station dista nce m ust be[...]

A TM Cab le Sp ec ifica tio n C-3 T o check tha t the bandwidth of y o ur fi ber is withi n an acceptable range: 1 Divide the amount of bandwid t h available ac cor d ing to the fi ber specificat ion by the total length of fib er (km ). 2 If the result is lo w er than 250 M H z, the link m ay be prone to bit e rr ors. Y ou should shorten the length[...]

C- 4 A PPENDIX C: A TM M ODULE T ECHNICAL S PECIFI CATIONS[...]

D T RO U B L E S H O O T I N G How to Use this Guid e to T roubleshoot This troubl esh ooti ng secti on describes how to identify the cau se of a problem and sugge sts possibl e solutions. T r oubleshooting has been di vi ded into four section s. ■ Usin g LEDs LEDs on the Switch and A TM Module provide valuable status information that can be used[...]

D- 2 A PPENDI X D: T ROUBLESHOOTING Using LEDs T able D -1 describes the L ED s on the Switch, and T able D-2 describes the LEDs on the A TM M odule. T ab le D -1 LE D s o n the Sw it ch LED Na m e Col or /Sta te I ndi cat es MG MT (On the front of the Sw itch) Gree n Gree n fla shing Y ellow Y ellow fla shing OFF Swit ch and A T M Mod ule a r e op[...]

Ident ifying the Problem D-3 Iden tifyin g the Pr oblem This section describes how to identify pr oblems , and suggests poss ibl e solutions. Flow diagrams have been used to sum m arize the pr ocess, an d ea ch step shown in the flo w diag rams is d escrib ed in more det ail in the text. This se ct ion assu mes t h a t the fo llow ing con ditio ns [...]

D- 4 A PPENDI X D: T ROUBLESHOOTING Fig ure D -1 T roub lesho otin g Flow Diag ram[...]

Ident ifying the Problem D-5 The num be red st e ps in th is se ct ion r e la t e to the numbered steps shown in Figure D-1. Access the Physical Layer Stati st ics Screen a Se le ct t he SWITCH MANA G E MENT o pti on f r om the Main Menu. The S witch Man agement sc reen is displayed. b Ensur e that th e Po rt opti on i s sel ected in th e Managemen[...]

D- 6 A PPENDI X D: T ROUBLESHOOTING Check the P h ysical Conn ections Check that the Link Status and F ar End Status LEDs on the A TM M odule are ON and lit green. I f one or both of the L EDs is not lit, ther e is a problem with the physical c onnection. Fo l low the t r oubl eshooting information below: a Ensure that both devices are pow er ed-up[...]

Ident ifying the Problem D-7 Is the A T M Port Enabled? Is the Port State fiel d set to Enable ? Ye s — go to ste p 7. No — go to ste p 6. Enable the A TM Port a Set the Port State fi el d to Enable . b Select the OK button. Access t he A TM Port Statistics Sc r e en a Se le ct t he SWITCH MANA G E MENT o pti on f r om the Main Menu. The S witc[...]

D- 8 A PPENDI X D: T ROUBLESHOOTING Access the A TM VLAN LEC Status Scr een a Fr om the Mai n Menu s elec t the SWI TCH MANAGEM EN T option. The Switch Management screen is d is playe d. b E n s u re th at t he Po rt optio n is se le ct e d in t h e Management Level field. c Ensur e t hat the A TM port number is ente red in the Port ID fie ld . d S[...]

Ident ifying the Problem D-9 Both Devices Must be AAL5 Complian t The A TM Module i s c ompatible w ith AAL5 A TM devices. If the A TM Switch conne c ted to the A TM Module does not support AAL 5, you will not be able to get the two devices to c om municate. Re-configure your networ k t o ensur e that the A TM devic es ar e com patib le. Is IL MI T[...]

D-10 A PPENDIX D: T ROUBLE SHOOTING Is the IL MI Con ne cti on Se t Up C or r ect ly? T o comm unica te with each other , edge-devices mu st use the same Interim Local Management Interface (I LMI) connec tion. On t he A TM Module the ILMI c onne ctio n is s peci fie d in the ILMI VCC fi el d, as sh own in Fi gur e D-6 o n pag e D- 9. Consul t the u[...]

Ident ifying the Problem D-11 Why has the LEC Ope ration Failed ? Ther e ar e two fi elds on the A TM VLAN LEC Status scre en, described in step 9, that can be used to troubl esh oot LEC failure pr oblems. The LEC Ope ra ti on at Failur e fi eld identifi es the operation that was ta king plac e when the LEC fai led to s uccessfu ll y joi n the Emul[...]

D-12 A PPENDIX D: T ROUBLE SHOOTING T ab le D -4 La st LEC Fai lur e Rea so n Stat e Poss ible Cau ses Poss ible Soluti o ns No ne The L EC is ei t her inact ive or ha s succe ssfully c o m p leted the o peration . None requi red. Time out A t ask coul d not be comple ted with in its allotted time frame. The s oftwar e has b een s et up to use a LE[...]

Ident ifying the Problem D-13 Dupli c ated A TM Ad dr ess A s our ce A TM addr ess dupl icates a pr ev iousl y r egis ter ed A TM addr ess. The L ES has r ec eive d a r eques t from a L EC which contai ns a n A TM addr ess alr eady regi st ered to a not her LEC o n the sa me ELA N. For exampl e, if a LE S is f aul ty , when a LEC dis con nec ts fro[...]

D-14 A PPENDIX D: T ROUBLE SHOOTING Is t he LEC Ope rati onal No w? Ye s — Go to step 25. No — C ont a c t T echni c a l S uppor t. R efe r to Appendix E. Invalid Reque stor I D The LEC Identif ier (LECID) is not ze ro, or i s no t r ecogni z ed as t his LEC’ s LECID. Ther e i s a pr oblem with the L EC softwar e. Conta ct T echnica l Supp or[...]

Ident ifying the Problem D-15 Has th e Problem b een Solved? Ye s — No f urther action is r equi r ed. No — There m ay be a configuration problem with your network , see “ELAN Config ura tion Problems”. ELAN C onfigurati on Proble ms Figure D-7 show s a flow diagram to help you r e so lve problems a ssociated w ith Emul ated L AN (ELAN) con[...]

D-16 A PPENDIX D: T ROUBLE SHOOTING An exam ple of the A TM L EC Setup scr een is shown in Fig u re D-8 . b Sele ct the VLA N associ ated with the LEC t h at y ou wis h to m ove. c Either enter the A TM add r ess of t he LES th at the LEC is goi ng to join, o r s ele ct LE CS. d In the ELAN name f ield, enter the name of the ELAN that the L EC is n[...]

S olvi ng K now n Pro ble ms D-17 S olvin g Know n Pr obl em s Use this section if y ou have alr ea dy pin-poi nte d the problem, and wish to l ook up poss ible solutions. Soluti ons ar e pr esented as a series of tab les, and ea ch table relates to a log ical p r oblem a rea: ■ Power Supply problems ■ Power On Self T es t (POST) failu re ■ C[...]

D-18 A PPENDIX D: T ROUBLE SHOOTING Powe r S upply P r obl ems T ab le D -5 Power Su pply Pr oblems Pr ob lem Possi ble Causes Possi ble Soluti o ns Sw i tc h d oes not powe r up ■ Insuffic ient power s upply to the Switch ■ Sys tem is n ot receiv ing power ■ Power supply m alfuncti on ■ Blo wn fuse ■ If th e Swit ch do es not powe r-up c[...]

S olvi ng K now n Pro ble ms D-19 Pow er On Se lf T est ( POST) Failure T ab le D -6 Power On Sel f T est (PO ST) Fail ure Pr ob lem Possi ble Causes Possi ble Soluti o ns Switch Fails Po w e r O n Sel f Te s t ( P O S T ) MG MT LE D is Y ell ow ■ The ver sion of s oftware on your Sw itch is not c o rrect. ■ There is a hardware problem with th [...]

D-20 A PPENDIX D: T ROUBLE SHOOTING Cab le Conne cti on Pr oble ms T ab le D -7 Cable Con necti on Pr oblems Pr ob lem Possi ble Causes Possi ble Soluti o ns Li nk St at us LED indicates that th ere i s a p robl em w ith a li nk . Far End Sta tus LED indicat e s th at t he re i s a prob lem w ith t he A TM Module’ s transmi t connec tion. ■ One[...]

S olvi ng K now n Pro ble ms D-21 A TM Problem s T ab le D -8 AT M P r o b l e m s Pr ob lem Possi ble Causes Possi ble Soluti o ns The A TM Conn ectio n T able i s only show ing r e se rved A TM Conne ctions Sympto ms: ■ The VLA N L EC S tatu s sc re en, des cri b ed i n “A TM V LAN L EC St atus ” on pa ge 9-5, s hows tha t th e LE C is Inac[...]

D-22 A PPENDIX D: T ROUBLE SHOOTING VLAN or ELA N Problem s T ab le D -9 VLAN or E LAN Pr ob lem s Pr ob lem Possi ble Causes Possi ble Soluti o ns The co nfigur ed LEC s ca nno t commu nic ate wit h each oth er Possible symptom: The Las t LE C Fai lure Reason s, des crib ed in T able D -4 on pa ge D-1 2, is LE_ CONFIGURE or similar err or type . ?[...]

S olvi ng K now n Pro ble ms D-23 If you have problem s that are not addressed by troubleshooting informa tion in thi s guide, conta c t T echnical Support, or your ser vice person. For T echnical Support information refe r to Appendix E. Intermitten t failur e of a conf igur ed LEC t o conn ect to th e LE CS or LES Sympto m: ■ Insuff icient re s[...]

D-24 A PPENDIX D: T ROUBLE SHOOTING Clean ing Dirty Fib er Optic Conn ectors T o prevent dirt and dust f rom col lecting on the fiber optic connectors , avoid touc hing all surfaces after cl eani n g the connectors , an d keep all unused ports cov ered . Fiber optic tra nsceivers a r e sensitive optic a l devices that need t o be handled carefully [...]

E T ECHNICAL S UPPORT AND S ERVICE This append i x provides contacts for help if yo u have questions a bout the IBM 8271 Nway s Ether ne t LAN Switch products or if the I BM 8271 Nwa ys Ether net LAN Swi tc h products are not working correctly . It also expl ains ho w to access the IBM e lectr onic s i tes to obtain the latest versions of m icrocod[...]

E- 2 A PPENDIX E: T ECHNI CAL S UPPORT AND S ERVICE[...]

F N OTICE S , T RADE MA RKS , AND W ARRAN T IES Refer ences i n this pu bl ication to IBM products, pro- grams, o r services do n ot i mply tha t IBM i ntends to make these avail able in al l c ountri es i n which I BM operates. Any r efe r e nce to an I BM product, pr o- gram, or servi ce is not intended t o state or im ply that only IBM’ s pr o[...]

F-2 A PPENDIX F: N OTICES , T RADEMARKS , AND W AR R ANTI ES S tatement of Lim ited W arranty The warr anties p rov ided b y IB M in t his Sta te- ment of Limited Warranty apply o nl y to Machines y ou originally pu rc hase f or your use, and no t for resale, from I BM or your reselle r . The term "Machine" means an IBM machin e, it s fea[...]

Stat ement of L imit ed War ran ty F-3 IBM or your r eselle r is unable to repair or replace the Machine, y ou may return it to your place of pur- chas e an d you r mon ey w ill be r ef und e d . If you tran sfer a Machine to anot her user , warranty servi ce is availa ble to that user for the remainder of the warranty period. Y ou should give your[...]

F-4 A PPENDIX F: N OTICES , T RADEMARKS , AND W AR R ANTI ES THESE WARR ANTI ES REP L AC E ALL OTHE R WA RRAN- TIES OR CONDITI ONS, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED , INCL UDING, BUT NOT L I MITED TO, THE I MPLIED W ARRANTI ES OR CON DITIONS OF ME RCHANT ABIL- ITY A ND FITNES S FOR A P ARTI CULAR P URPOSE. THESE WARR ANTI ES GIV E YO U SPECI FIC LE GAL RIG HTS A[...]

Elec t r onic Em issi on Notices F-5 Electronic Emission Notice s Fede ra l Co mmunicati ons Commis sio n (FCC) Statem ent This eq ui pment ha s been te sted and found to com ply w ith th e lim its fo r a Cl ass A d igital device , pursuant t o part 15 of t h e FCC Rules. These limits are de si gne d to provide reasonable protection against harmful[...]

F-6 A PPENDIX F: N OTICES , T RADEMARKS , AND W AR R ANTI ES Europe an Un ion (EU) State ment This pr oduct is in conformity with t he protec tion requir e ments of EU Counc i l Direc tive 89/336.EE C on the appr oximation o f the l aws of the Member St ates relat ing to el ectr o m agneti c compatibil ity . IBM cannot accept r esponsibility for an[...]

Elec t r onic Em issi on Notices F-7 Ja pane se V olu ntary Contr ol C ounc il for Int e r fe r e n ce (VCCI) Statem ent Cl ass B This is a Class B pr o duct based on the s tandard of the V oluntary Con t rol Coun c il for Interfer ence from Information T echnology Equi pment ( V CCI). If this equipment is used nea r a radio or t e levision r ecei [...]

F-8 A PPENDIX F: N OTICES , T RADEMARKS , AND W AR R ANTI ES If necessary , the user should consult the dealer or an experienced radio/te l evision technic i an fo r addi- tional suggestio ns. The user may find the following booklet p r epared by the Federal Com m unic a t i ons Comm iss ion helpf ul: How t o Identify and Resolve Radio-T V Interfer[...]

G LOSSAR Y AAL A TM Adaptation Layer — A set of protoc ols that translate user higher -layer protocols into A TM cell format. The AAL i s div ided i nto the Converg ence Subl ayer ( C S) and th e Segment ation and R eassembl y (S AR) s u bl ay er . ANSI Ame rican Nation al S tandards Instit ute. A Uni ted States technology standards organization.[...]

2 G LOSSARY Byt e A n Octet or 8 bits of data. Cell Ba sic A TM t ransmission unit. I t is a 53-byte packe t, consisting of a 5-byte heade r and a 4 8-byte payload. User traf f ic is segmente d into cells at the sour ce and reasse mb led at th e dest ina t io n. Cell Header The 5-byte A TM cell header contains contr o l information re garding the d[...]

G LOSSARY 3 GFC Generic Flow Control — A 4-bit fi eld in the A TM cell header in or der to su pport multiplexi ng functions. Its default value i s ‘0000’, w hen the GFC pr otocol is not enforc ed. T he GFC mechanism is i ntended to support simple flow control in A TM conne ctions. HEC Head er Er r or Con tr ol o r H eader Err or Chec k — A [...]

4 G LOSSARY mult iple x In this u ser guide, multiplex ing means to take pac kets from several sources and i nte rl e ave them in to one connection. For example, packets from data, voice, and video sources can be fed down one connection. NNI Network Node Interface — Sometim e s known a s Network-to-Network Inter fac e . OAM Operati ons and Mainte[...]

G LOSSARY 5 SONET Synchronou s Optical Network — An ANSI-defined standard f or high speed and high quality digital optical transm ission. It ha s been recogniz ed as the North American standard for SDH. SVC Switched Vi rtual Cir cuit — A co nnecti on whe re contr ol signalling is used to dynam ically establish the connection and remove it when [...]

6 G LOSSARY VC I V irt ual Channel Identifier — A 16-bit value in the A T M cell h eader that provid es a un ique iden tifi er fo r the vi rtual channel ( VC) that carries that particular cell . Vir tua l Ch a nn e l See VC . VLA N Virtual Local Area Network — A group of l ocation and topology independe nt devi ces that communi c ate as if they[...]

B IBLIOGRAPH Y Asyn c hr ono us T ransf er Mode (A TM) Book s “A TM F oundation for Broadband N e tworks” Author: U y less Black . Published by : Prentice Hall ISBN: 0-13-297178-X Standards A TM F orum —- In t egrated Local M anagement Interface (ILMI) Specification (V ersion 3.1 or later ). A T M Forum — A TM User -Network Interface Specif[...]

2 B IBLIOGRAPHY[...]

I NDE X A Addr ess r esoluti on 2-6, 2-1 3 ARP T a ble 8-8 Crea ting an entry 8 -9 Deletin g entries 8-10 Ent ry ty pe 8-9 Locati ng an entry 8-10 U p dat ing ent r ies 8- 10 Async hron ous T ransfer Mode 2-8 AT M Addr ess re solu tion 2-6, 2-13 A TM Layer 2-14 Be nef its 1- 1 Conf igu rati on exampl es 5-1 Bui ldi ng backbon e 5-1 Camp us 5-2 Resi[...]

2 I NDEX E el ect ronic emmi ssi on notices F-5 Emul ated LAN (EL AN) A TM Mod ul e 4- 3 ELAN n am e 8-5, 9- 6 Manual configu ration 8-5 Mappin g to VLANs 3-2, 4- 2 Res our ce pla nnin g 4-2 Ser vice s 4-2 En viro nmen ta l Sp ecif ica tion s C -1 Err or detection Header Error Check ( H EC) 2-14 Err or messages Sof tware upgrade 8-13 Err or statis [...]

I NDEX 3 Por t C onfi gur at ion 8- 2 Set up 8-6 Speed 8-7 State 8-7 Stati stics 9 -3 Powe r su pply 6-3, 6 -7 PTI 2 -14 R Resili ent Links 8-11 Conf igu rati on e xample 5-4 Routi ng 2-4, D-1 5 Rul es for A T M conf iguration 4-2 S Safet y informatio n 6-1 Scr een acc ess rights B-1 SD H 2- 15 C onfi gur in g 8-3 Stati stic s 9-10 Segm entation an[...]

4 I NDEX[...]