TP-Link TL-SG3216 manuale d’uso

TL-SG3216/TL-SG3424 JetS tream L2 Lite Managed Switch Rev: 1.0.2 1910010512[...]

COPYRIGHT & TRADEMARKS S pecifications ar e subject to change without notice. is a registered trademark of TP-LINK TECHNOLOGIES CO., L TD. Other brands and product names are trademarks or registered trademarks of t heir respective holders. No part of the specificatio ns ma y be reproduced in any form or by any means or used to make any derivati[...]

CONTENTS Package Contents .......................................................................................................................... 1 Chapter 1 About this Guide ........................................................................................................... 2 1.1 Intended Readers .........................................[...]

5.1.2 Port Mirror ........................................................................................................ 30 5.1.3 Port Security .................................................................................................... 32 5.2 LAG ............................................................................................[...]

7.4.1 Port Protect ...................................................................................................... 83 7.4.2 TC Protect ........................................................................................................ 86 7.5 Application Example for STP Function ...........................................................[...]

10.2.3 MAC ACL ....................................................................................................... 126 10.2.4 S tandard-IP ACL ............................................................................................ 127 10.2.5 Extend-IP ACL .....................................................................................[...]

12.3.2 Event Config .................................................................................................. 176 12.3.3 Alarm Config .................................................................................................. 177 Chapter 13 Clus ter ....................................................................................[...]

Package Content s The following items should be found in your box: ¾ One JetStream L2 Lite Managed Switch ¾ One power cord ¾ One console cable ¾ Two mounting brackets and other fittings ¾ Installation Guide ¾ Resource CD for TL-SG3216/TL-SG3424 Switch, including: • This User Guide • Other Helpful Information Note: Make sure that the packa[...]

Chapter 1 About this Guide This User Guide contains in formation for setup and manage ment of TL-SG3216/TL-SG3424 JetS tream L2 Lite Manag ed Switch. Please r ead this guide carefully before operation. 1.1 Intended Readers This Guide is intended for network managers fam iliar with IT concepts and network terminologies. 1.2 Conventions In this Guide[...]

Chapter Introduction Chapter 4 System This module is used to c onfigure system properties of the switch. Here mainly introduces: z System Info: Configure the descr iption, system time and network parameters of the switch. z User Manage: Configure the us er name and password for users to log on to the Web management page with a certain access level.[...]

Chapter Introduction Chapter 9 QoS This module is used to conf igure QoS function to provi de different quality of service for vari ous network applications and requirements. Here mainly introduces: z Diff Se rv: Co nfi gu re priorities, port priorit y , 802.1P priority and DSCP priority . z Bandwidth Control: Configure rate limit feature to contro[...]

Chapter Introduction Chapter 14 Maintenance This m odule is used to assemble t he commonly us ed system tools to manage the switch. Here mainly introduces: z System Monitor: Monitor the me mory and CPU of the switch. z Log: View configuration pa rameters on the switch. z Device Diagnose: T est the c onnection status of the cable connected to the sw[...]

Chapter 2 Introduction Thanks for choosing the TL-SG3216/TL-SG 3424 JetStream L2 Lite Managed Switch! 2.1 Overview of the Switch Designed for workgroups and departments, TL-SG3216/TL-SG3424 from TP-LINK provides wire-speed performance and full set of layer 2 m anageme nt features. It pr ovides a variety of service features and multiple powerfu l fu[...]

2.3 Appearance Description 2.3.1 Front Panel Figure 2-1 Front Panel The following parts are lo cated on the front panel of the Switch: ¾ 10/100/1000Mbps Port s: Designed to connect to the device with a bandwidth of 10Mbps, 100Mbps or 1000Mbp s. Each has a corresponding 1000Mbps LED. ¾ SFP Port s: Designed to install the SFP module. Port 15F share[...]

Note: The TL-SG3424 S witch provides 4 SF P module ports (21F , 22F , 23F , 24F). The port 21F-24F share the same LED w ith the port 21T -24T respectively . 2.3.2 Rear Panel The rear panel of TL-SG3216/TL-SG3424 featur es a power socket and a Grou nding T erminal (marked with ). Figure 2-2 Rear Panel ¾ Grounding T erminal: TL-SG3216/TL-SG3424 alre[...]

Chapter 3 Login to the Switch 3.1 Login 1) T o access the configurat ion utility , open a web-browser and type in the default address http://192.168.0.1 in the address field of the browser , then press the Enter key . Figure 3-1 Web-browser Tips: T o log in to the Switch, the IP address of your PC should be set in the same subnet addresses of the S[...]

Figure 3-3 Main Setup-Menu Note: Clicking Appl y can only make the new conf igurations effective before the switch is rebooted. If you want to keep the configur ations effective even the switch is rebooted, please click Saving Config . Y ou are suggested to click Saving Config before cutting off the power or rebooting the switch to avoid losing the[...]

Chapter 4 System The System module is mainly for system confi guration of the switch, including four submenus: System Info , User Manage, System T ools and Access Security . 4.1 System Info The System Info, mainly for basic proper ties configuration, can be implemented on System Summary , Device Description , Sy stem Time and System IP pages. 4.1.1[...]

Indicates the SFP port is not connected to a device. Indicates the SFP port is at the speed of 1000Mbps. Indicates the SFP port is at the speed of 100Mbps. When the cursor moves on the port, the detailed information of the port will be displayed. Figure 4-2 Port Information ¾ Port Info Port: Displays the port number of the switch. Ty p e : Display[...]

Rx: Select Rx to display the bandwidth utilization of receiving p ackets on this port. Tx: Select Tx to display the bandwi dth utilization of sending p ackets on this port. 4.1.2 Device Description On this page you can configur e the description of t he switch, includin g device name, de vice location and system contact. Choose the menu System → [...]

Figure 4-5 System T ime The following entries are displayed on this screen: ¾ Tim e I nf o Current Sy stem Date: Displays the current date and time of the switch. Current Time Mode: Displays the current time mode of the switch. ¾ Time Config Manual: When this option is selected, you can set the date and time manually . Get GMT : When this option [...]

Note: 1. The system time will be restored to the def ault when the switch is restarted and you need reconfigure the system time of the swi tch. 2. When Get GMT is selected and no ti me server is configured, the switch will get time from th e time server of the Internet if it has connected to the Internet. 4.1.4 System IP Each device in the network [...]

2. The switch o nly possesses an IP address. The IP address configured will replace the original IP address. 3. If the switch get s the IP address from DHCP server , you can see the configuration of the switch in the DHCP server; if DHCP option is selected but no DHCP server exists in the network, a few minutes later , the switch will restore the s[...]

Figure 4-8 User Config The following entries are displayed on this screen: ¾ User Info User Name: Create a name for users’ login. Access Level: Select the access level to login. z Admin: Admin can edit, modify and view all the settings of different functions. z Guest: Guest only can view the settings without the right to edit and modify . User S[...]

4.3 System T ools The System T ools function, allo wing you to manage the configurat ion file of the switch, can be implemented on Config Restore , Config Backup , Firmware Upgrade , System Reboot and Syst em Reset p ages. 4.3.1 Config Restore On this page you can upload a backup configuration file to restore your switch to this previous configurat[...]

Figure 4-10 Config Backup The following entries are displayed on this screen: ¾ Config Backup Backup Config: Click the Backup Config button to save the current configuration as a file to your computer . Y ou ar e suggested to ta ke this measur e before upgrading. Note: It will take a few minutes to backup the configuration. Pleas e wait without an[...]

3. T o avoid damage, please don't turn off the device while upgrading. 4. After upgrading, the devic e will reboot automatically . 5. Y ou are suggested to backup t he configuration before upgrading. 4.3.4 System Reboot On this page you can reboot the switch and return to the login page. Please save the current configuration before rebooting t[...]

Choose the menu System → Access Security → Access Control to load the following page. Figure 4-14 Access Control The following entries are displayed on this screen: ¾ Access Control Config Control Mode: Select the control mode for users to log on to the W eb management page. z IP-based: Select this option to li mit the IP-range of th e users f[...]

Session Timeout: If you do nothing with the Web management page within the timeout time, the system will log out automatically . If you want to reconfigure, pl ease login again. ¾ Access User Number Number Control ； Select Enable/Disable the Nu mber Control function. Admin Number: Enter the maximum number of t he users logging on to the Web mana[...]

Figure 4-15 SSL Config The following entries are displayed on this screen: ¾ Global Config SSL: Select Enable/Disable the SSL function on the switch. ¾ Certificate Download Certificate File: Select the desired certificate to download to the switch. The certificate must be BASE64 encoded. ¾ Key Download Key File: Select the desired SSL Key to dow[...]

information in a remote management being leaked. Comprising server and client, SSH has two versi ons, V1 and V2 which are not compatible with each other . In the communication, SSH server and client can auto-negotia te the SSH version and the encryption algorithm. After getting a successful negotiation, the client sends authentication request to th[...]

Key T ype: Select the type of SSH Key to download. The switch supports three types: SSH-1 RSA, SSH-2 RSA and SSH-2 DSA. Key File: Select the desired key file to download. Download: Click the Download button to download the desired key file to the switch. Note: 1. Please ensure the key length of the downloaded file is in the range of 256 to 3072 bit[...]

Application Example 2 for SSH: ¾ Network Requirements 1. Log on to the switch via password authentic ation using SSH and the SSH function is enabled on the switch. 2. PuTTY client sof tware is recommended. ¾ Configuration Procedure 1. Select the key type and key length, and generate SSH key . Note: 1. The key length is in the range of 256 to 3072[...]

3. On the Web management page of the switch, download the public key file saved in the computer to the switch. Note: 1. The key type should accord with the type of the key file. 2. The SSH key downloading can not be interrupt ed. 4. Download the private key f ile to SSH client software. 27[...]

5. After the public key and private key are dow nl oaded, please log on to the interface of PuTTY and enter the IP address for login. After successful authentication, pl ease enter the login user name. If you log on to the switch without entering password, it indicates t hat the key has been successfully downloaded. Return to CONTENTS 28[...]

Chapter 5 Switching Switching module is used to conf igure the basic functi ons of the switch, in cluding four submenus: Port , LAG , T raffic Monitor and MAC Address . 5.1 Port The Port function, allowing you to configure the basic features fo r the port, is implemented on the Port Config , Port Mirror and Port Security p ages. 5.1.1 Port Config O[...]

Port: Displays the port number . Description: Give a description to the port for identification. Statu s: Allows you to Enable/Dis able the port. When Enable is selected, the port can forward the packet s normally . Speed and Duplex: Select the S peed and Duplex mode for the port. The device connected to the switch s hould be in the same S peed and[...]

Group: Displays the mirror group number . Mirroring: Displays the mirroring port number . Mode: Displays the mirror mode, the value can be "Ingress", "Egress", "Both" or "None". Mirrored Port: Displays the mirrored ports. Operation: Click Edit to configure the mirror group. Click Edit to display the following[...]

Note: 1. The LAG member can not be selected as the mirrored port or mirroring port. 2. A port can not be set as the mirrored port and the mirroring port simultaneously . 3. The Port Mirror function can take ef fect span the multiple VLANs. 5.1.3 Port Security MAC Address T able maintains the mapping relati onship between the port and the MAC addres[...]

Select: Select the desired port for Port Security configuration. It is multi-optional. Port: Displays the port number . Max Learned MAC: S pecify the maximum number of MAC addresses that can be learned on the port. Learned Num: Displays the number of MAC addr esses that have been learned on the port. Learn Mode: Select the Learn Mode for the port. [...]

Tips: 1. Calculate the bandwidth for a LAG: If a LAG consists of th e four ports in the speed of 1000Mbps Full Duplex, the whole bandwidth of the LAG is up to 8000Mbps (2000Mbps * 4) because the bandwidth of each member port is 2000Mbp s counting t he up-linked speed of 1000Mbps and the down-linked speed of 1000Mbps. 2. The traffic load of the L AG[...]

Operation: Allows you to view or modify the information for each LAG . • Edit: Click to modify the settings of the LAG . • Detail: Click to get the information of the LAG . Click the Detail button for the det ailed information of your selected LAG . Figure 5-6 Detail Information 5.2.2 St atic LAG On this page, you can manually c onfigure the LA[...]

The following ent ries are displaye d on this screen: ¾ LAG Config Group Number: Select a Group Number for the LAG . Description: Give a description to the LAG for identification. ¾ LAG T able Member Port: Select the p ort as the LAG member . Clearing all the ports o f the LAG will delete this LAG . Tips: 1. The LAG can be deleted by clearing its[...]

Figure 5-8 LACP Config The following ent ries are displaye d on this screen: ¾ Global Config LACP: Enable/Disable the LA CP feature here. ¾ LACP Config Port Select: Click the Select button to quick-select the corresponding port based on the port number you entered. Select: Select the desired port for LACP conf iguration. It is multi-optional. Por[...]

member . The port with smaller Port Priority will be considered as the preferred one. If the two port pr iorities are equal; the port with smaller port number is preferred. Statu s: Enable/Disable the LACP feat ure for your selected port. LAG: Displays the LAG number which the port belongs to. 5.3 T raffic Monitor The T raffic Monitor function, mon[...]

Refresh Rate: Enter a value in seconds to specify the refresh interval. ¾ T raffic Summary Port Select: Click the Sele ct button to quick-select the corresponding port based on the port number you entered. Port: Displays the port numbe r . Packets Rx: Displays the number of packet s received on the port. The erro r packet s are not counted in. Pac[...]

Auto Refresh: Allows you to Enable/Disable refreshing the Traf fic Summary automatically . Refresh Rate: Enter a value in seconds to specify the refresh interval. ¾ St atistics Port: Enter a port number and click the Select button to view the traffic statistics of the corresponding port. Received: Displays the details of the p ackets received on t[...]

updated by auto-learning. In the stable networks, th e static MAC address entries can facilitate the switch to reduce broadcast packets and enhance the efficiency of packets forwarding remarkably. The address filtering feature allo ws the switch to filter the undesired packets and forbid its forwarding so as to improve the network security. The typ[...]

Figure 5-1 1 Address T able The following ent ries are displaye d on this screen: ¾ Search Option MAC Address: Enter the MAC address of your desired entry . VLAN ID: Enter the VLAN ID of your desired entry . Port: Select the corresponding port number of your desired entry . Ty p e : Select the type of your desired entry . z All: This option allows[...]

MAC Address: Displays the MAC address learned by the switch. VLAN ID: Displays the corresponding VLAN ID of the MAC address. Port: Displays the correspondi ng Port number of the MAC address. Ty p e : Displays the T ype of the MAC address. Aging St atus: Displays the Aging status of the MAC a ddress. 5.4.2 St atic Address The static address t able m[...]

Search Option: Select a Search Option from the pull-down list and click the Search button to find your desired entry in the S tatic Address T able. • MAC: Enter the MAC address of your desired entry . • VLAN ID: Enter the VLAN ID number of your desired entry . • Port: Enter the Port number of your desired entry . ¾ St atic Address T able Sel[...]

Figure 5-13 Dynamic Address The following ent ries are displaye d on this screen: ¾ Aging Config Auto Aging: Allows you to Enable/Disable t he Auto Aging feature. Aging Time: Enter the Aging T ime for the dynamic address. ¾ Search Option Search Option: Select a Search Option from the pull-down list and click the Search button to find your desired[...]

Select: Select the entry to delete the dy namic address or to bind the MAC address to the corresponding port statically . It is multi-optional. MAC Address: Displays the dynamic MAC Address. VLAN ID: Displays the corresponding VLAN ID of the MAC address. Port: Displays the correspondi ng por t number of the MAC address. Ty p e : Displays the T ype [...]

The following ent ries are displaye d on this screen: ¾ Create Filtering Address MAC Address: Enter the MAC Address to be filtered. VLAN ID: Enter the corresponding VLAN ID of the MAC address. ¾ Search Option Search Option: Select a Search Option from the pull-down list and click the Search button to find your desired entry in the Filtering Add r[...]

Chapter 6 VLAN The traditional Ethernet is a data network communication technology based on CSMA/CD (Carrier Sense Multiple Access/Collision Detect) vi a shared communication medium. Through the traditional Ethernet, the overfull hosts in LAN will result in serious collis ion, flooding broadcasts, poor performance or even break down of the Internet[...]

packet s of different VLANs. The switch c an analyze the received untagged p ackets on the port and match the packet s with the MAC VLAN, Protocol VLAN and 802.1Q VLAN in turn. If a packet is matched, the switch will add a corresponding VLAN tag to it and forward it in the corresponding VLAN. 6.1 802.1Q VLAN VLAN tags in the packet s are necessary [...]

（ 2 ） TRUNK: The TRUNK port can be added in multiple VL ANs, and the egress rule of the port is T AG . The TRUNK port is generally used to conn ect the cascaded network devices for it can receive and forward the packets of multiple VLANs. When the p ackets are forwarded by the TRUNK port, it s VLAN tag will not be changed. （ 3 ） GENERAL: Th[...]

IEEE 802.1Q VLAN functi on is implemented on the VLAN Config and Port Config pages. 6.1.1 VLAN Config On this page, you can view the current created 802.1Q VLAN. Choose the menu VLAN → 802.1Q VLAN → VLAN Config to load the following page. Figure 6-3 VLAN T able T o ensure the normal communication of the factory sw itch, the default VLAN of all [...]

Figure 6-4 Create or Modify 802.1Q VLAN The following ent ries are displaye d on this screen: ¾ VLAN Config VLAN ID: Enter the ID number of VLAN. Description: Give a description to the VLAN for identification. Check: Click the Check button to check whether the VLAN ID you entered is valid or not. ¾ VLAN Members Port Select: Click the Select butto[...]

Egress Rule: Select the Egress Rule for the VLAN port member . The default egress rule is UNT AG . • T AG: All packets forwarded by the port are t agged. The packet s contain VLAN information. • UNT AG: Packets forwarded by the port LAG: Displays the LAG to which the port belongs. 6.1.2 Port Config Before creating the 802.1Q VLAN, please acquai[...]

Link T ype: Select the Link T ype from t he pull-down list for the port. • ACCESS: The ACCESS port c an be added in a single VLAN, and the egress rule of the port is UNT AG . The PVID is same as the current VLAN ID. If t he current VLAN is deleted, the PVID will be set to 1 by default. • TRUNK: The TRUNK port can be added in multiple VLANs, and[...]

3 Modify/View VLAN. Optional. On the VLAN → 802.1Q VLAN → VLAN Config page , click the Edit/Det ail button to modify/view the information of the corresponding VLAN. 4 Delete VLAN Optional. On the VLAN → 802.1Q VLAN → VLAN Config page , select the desired entry to del ete the corresponding VLAN by clicking the Delete button. 6.2 MAC VLAN MAC[...]

MAC Address: Enter the MAC address. Description: Give a description to the MA C address for identification. VLAN ID: Enter the ID number of the MAC VLAN . This VLAN should be one of the 802.1Q VLANs the ingress port belongs to. ¾ MAC VLAN T able MAC Select: Click the Select button to quick-select the corresponding entry based on the MAC address yo[...]

¾ Encap sulation Format of Ethernet Dat a This section simply introduces the common us ed encapsulation format of Ethernet data to understand the procedure for the switch to identify the protocol of packet s . At present there are two encapsulation formats of Ethe rnet data, Etthernet II encap sulation and 802.2/802.3 encapsulation, shown as follo[...]

¾ The Implement ation of Protocol VLAN This Switch can match p ackets through protocol template and transmit pa ckets in the specific VLAN according to the protocol. Protocol templa te, comprising encapsulation format and protocol type, is the standard to determi ne the protocol which a packet belongs to. The following table shows the common used [...]

1. When receiving an untagged packet, the switch matches the packet with the current Protocol VLAN. If the packet is matched, the switch will add a corresponding Protocol VLAN tag to it. If no Protocol VLAN is matched, t he switch will add a tag to the packet according to the PVID of the received port. Thus, the packet is assigned aut omatically to[...]

Figure 6-9 Create Protocol VLAN The following ent ries are displaye d on this screen: ¾ Protocol Group Config Protocol: Select the defined protocol template. VLAN ID: Enter the ID number of the Protocol VLAN. This VLAN should be one of the 802.1Q VLANs the ingress port belongs to. ¾ Protocol Group Member Select your desired port for Protocol VLAN[...]

The following ent ries are displaye d on this screen: ¾ Create Protocol T emplate Protocol Name: Give a name for the Protocol T emplate. Ether T ype: Enter the Ethernet protocol type field in the protocol template. Frame T ype: Select a Frame T ype for the Protocol T emplate. ¾ Protocol T emplate T able Select: Select the desired entry . It is mu[...]

z Switch B is connecting to PC B and Server A; z PC A and Server A is in the same VLAN; z PC B and Server B is in the same VLAN; z PCs in the two VLANs cannot communicate with each other . ¾ Network Diagram ¾ Configuration Procedure z Configure Switch A Ste p Operation Description 1 Configure the Link T ype of the ports Required. On VLAN → 802.[...]

6.5 Application Example for MAC VLAN ¾ Network Requirements z Switch A and Switch B are connected to meeting room A and meeting room B respectively , and the two rooms are for all departments; z Notebook A and Notebook B, spec ial for meeting room, are of two different departments; z The two departments are in VLAN10 and VLAN 20 respectively . The[...]

z Configure Switch B Ste p Operation Description 1 Configure the Link T ype of the ports Required. On VLAN → 802.1Q VLAN → Port Config page, configure the link type of Port 21 and Port 22 as GENERAL and TRUNK respectively . 2 Create VLAN10 Required. On VLAN → 802.1Q VLAN → VLAN Config page, create a VLAN with its VLANID as 10, owning Port 2[...]

¾ Configuration Procedure z Configure Switch A Ste p Operation Description 1 Configure the Link T ype of the ports Required. On VLAN → 802.1Q VLAN → Port Config page, configure the link type of Port 1 1 and Port 13 as ACCESS, and configure the link type of Port 12 as GENERAL. 2 Create VLAN10 Required. On VLAN → 802.1Q VLAN → VLAN Config pa[...]

5 Create Protocol VLAN 10 On VLAN → Protocol VLAN → Protocol Group p age, create protocol VLAN 10 with Protocol as IP and tick Port 3. 6 Create Protocol VLAN 20 On VLAN → Protocol VLAN → Protocol Group p age, create protocol VLAN 20 with Protocol as AppleT alk and tick Port 3. 6.7 GVRP GVRP (GARP VLAN Registration Protocol) is an implementa[...]

and deregisters the attribute information if it does not receives a Join message again befor e the timer times out. • LeaveAll Timer: Once a GARP entity starts up, it st arts the LeaveAll time r, and sends out a LeaveALL message after the timer times out, so t hat other GARP entitie s can re-register all the attribute information on this entity. [...]

Figure 6-1 1 GVRP Config Note: If the GVRP feature is enabled for a member port of LAG , please ensure all the member ports of this LAG are set to be in the same status and registration mode. The following ent ries are displaye d on this screen: ¾ Global Config GVRP: Allows you to Enable/Disabl e the GVRP function. ¾ Port Config Port Select: Clic[...]

• Fixed: In this mode, a port cannot register/deregister a VLAN dynamically . It only propagates st atic VLAN information. • Forbidden: In this mode, a port cannot register/deregiste r VLANs. It only propagates VLAN 1 information. LeaveAll Timer: Once the LeaveAll T imer is set, the port with GVRP enabled can send a LeaveAll message after the t[...]

Chapter 7 S p anning T r ee STP (S panning T ree P rotocol), subject to IEEE 802.1 D standard, is to disbranch a ring network in the Data Link layer in a local netwo rk. Devices running STP discover loops in the network and block ports by exchanging inf ormation, in that way , a ring net work can be di sbranched t o form a tree-topologi cal ring-fr[...]

Figure 7-1 Basic STP diagram ¾ STP T imers Hello T ime: Hello T ime ranges from 1 to 10 seconds. It specifie s the interval to send BPDU packets. It is used to test the links. Max. Age: Max. Age ranges from 6 to 40 sec onds. It specifies the maximum time the switch can wait without receiving a BPDU before attempting to reconfigure. Forward Delay: [...]

z Comparing BPDUs Each switch sends out configur ation BPDUs and receives a confi guration BPDU on one of its ports from another switch. The following t abl e shows the comparing operations. Ste p Operation 1 If the priority of the BPDU received on t he po rt is lower than that of the BPDU if of the port itself, the switch discards the BPDU and doe[...]

z The condition for the root port to transit its port state rapidly: The old root port of the switch stops forwarding data and the des ignated port of the up stream switch begins to forward data. z The condition for the designated port to transit its port st ate rapidly: The designated port is an edge port or connecting to a point-to-point link. If[...]

Figure 7-2 Basic MSTP diagram ¾ MSTP MSTP divides a network into several MST r egions. The CST is generat ed betwee n these MST regions, and multiple spanning trees can be generated in each MST region. Each spanning tress is called an instance. As well as STP , MSTP uses BPDUs to generate spanning tree. The only difference is that the BPD U for MS[...]

Figure 7-3 Port roles The S panning T ree module is mainly for spanning tree configuration of the switch, including four submenus: STP Config , Port Config , MSTP Inst ance and STP Security . 7.1 STP Config The STP Config function, for global configuration of spanning trees on the switch, can be implemented on STP Config and STP Summary pages. 7.1.[...]

The following entries are displayed on this screen: ¾ Global Config STP: Select Enable/Disable STP func tion globally on the switch. V ersion: Select the desired STP version on the switch. z STP: S panning T ree Protocol. z RSTP: Rapid S panning T ree Protocol. z MSTP: Multiple S panning T ree Protocol. ¾ Parameters Config CIST Priority: Enter a [...]

4. If the TxHold Count parameter is too large, the number of MSTP p a ckets being sent in each hello time may be increased with occupying too much network resources. The default value is recommended. 7.1.2 STP Summary On this page you can view the related parameters for S panning T ree function. Choose the menu Sp anning T ree → STP Config → ST[...]

Figure 7-6 Port Config The following entries are displayed on this screen: ¾ Port Config Port Select: Click the Select button to quick-select the corresponding port based on the port number you entered. Select: Select the desired port for STP conf iguration. It is multi-optional. Port: Displays the port number of the switch. Statu s: Select Enable[...]

z Designated Port: Indicates the port that forwards packet s to a downstream network segment or switch. z Master Port: Indicates the port that connects a MST region to the common root. The path fr om the master port to the common root is the shortest path between this MST region and the common root. z Alternate Port: Indicates the por t that can be[...]

Figure 7-7 Region Config The following entries are displayed on this screen: ¾ Region Config Region Name: Create a name for MST region identif ication using up to 32 characters. Revision: Enter the revision from 0 to 65535 for MST region identification. 7.3.2 Instance Config Instance Configuration, a property of MST regi on, is used to describe th[...]

The following entries are displayed on this screen: ¾ Inst ance T able Inst ance ID Select: Click the Select button to quick-se lect the corresponding Instance ID based on the ID number you entered. Select: Select the desired Instance ID for c onfiguration. It is multi-optional. Inst ance: Displays Instance ID of th e switch. Statu s: Select Enabl[...]

Figure 7-9 Instance Port Config The following entries are displayed on this screen: ¾ Port Config Inst ance ID: Select the desired inst ance ID fo r its port configuration. Port Select: Click the Select button to quick-select the corresponding port based on the port number you entered. Select: Select the desired port to specify its priority and pa[...]

Note: The port status of one port in dif ferent spanning tree instances can be different. Global configuration Procedure for S panning T ree function: Ste p Operation Description 1 Make clear roles the switches play in spanning tree instances: root bridge or designated bridge Preparation. 2 Globally configure MSTP parameters Required. Enable S pann[...]

A CIST and its secondary root bridges are usually located in the high-bandwidth core region. Wrong configuration or malicious attacks may resu lt in configuration BPD U p ackets with higher priorities being received by the legal root bridge, which causes the cu rrent legal root bridge to lose its position and network topology jitter to occur . In t[...]

Figure 7-10 Port Protect The following entries are displayed on this screen: ¾ Port Protect Port Select: Click the Select button to quick-select the corresponding port based on the port number you entered. Select: Select the desired port for por t protect configuration. It is multi-optional. Port: Displays the port number of the switch. Loop Prote[...]

7.4.2 TC Protect When TC Protect is enabled for the port on Port Protect page, the TC threshold and TC protect cycle need to be configured on this page. Choose the menu Sp anning T ree → STP Security → TC Protect to load the following p age. Figure 7-1 1 TC Protect The following entries are displayed on this screen: ¾ TC Protect TC Threshold: [...]

¾ Configuration Procedure z Configure Switch A: Ste p Operation Description 1 Configure ports On VLAN → 802.1Q VLAN page, configure the link type of the related ports as T runk, and add the ports to VLAN 101 and VLAN 106. The detailed instructions can be found in the section 802.1Q VLAN. 2 Enable STP function On Sp anning T ree → STP Config ?[...]

z Configure Switch C: Ste p Operation Description 1 Configure ports On VLAN → 802.1Q VLAN page, configure the link type of the related ports as T runk, and add the ports to VLAN 101 and VLAN 106. The detailed instructions can be found in the section 802.1Q VLAN . 2 Enable STP function On Sp anning T ree → STP Config → STP Config page, enable [...]

z For Instance 2 (VLAN 102, 104 and 106), the blue paths in the following figure are connected links; the gray paths ar e the blocked links. ¾ Suggestion for Configuration z Enable TC Protect functio n for all the ports of switches. z Enable Root Protect function for a ll the ports of root bridges. z Enable Loop Protect function for the non-edge p[...]

Chapter 8 Multicast ¾ Multicast Overview In the network, packet s are sent in three modes: unicast, broadcas t and multicast. In unicast, the source server sends separate copy information to each receiver . When a large number of users require this information, the serv er must send many pieces of info rmation with the same content to the users. T[...]

1. Multicast IP Address: As specified by IANA (Internet Assigned Numbers Authority), Class D IP addresses are used as destination addresses of multic ast packets. The multicast IP addresses range from 224.0.0.0~239.255.255.255. The following table displays the range and description of several special multicast IP addresses. Multicast IP address ran[...]

¾ IGMP Snooping In the network, the hosts apply to the near Router for joining (leaving) a multicast group by sending IGMP (Internet Group Management Protocol) me ssages. When the up-str eam device forwards down the multicast data, the switch is responsible for sending them to the hosts. IG MP Sn oopin g i s a multicast contr ol mechanism, which c[...]

The host, running IGMPv1, does not send IGMP l eave message when leaving a multicast group, as a result, the switch can not get the leave information of the host momentarily . However , after leaving the multicast group, the host does not send IGMP report message any more, so the switch will remove the port from the corresponding multicast address [...]

Figure 8-4 Basic Config The following entries are displayed on this screen: ¾ Global Config IGMP Snooping: Select Enable/Disable IGMP S nooping function globally on the Switch. Unknown Multicast: Select the operation for the swit ch to process unknown m ulticast, Forward or Discard. ¾ IGMP Snooping S tatus Description: Displays IGMP Snooping stat[...]

Figure 8-5 Port Config The following entries are displayed on this screen: ¾ Port Config Port Select: Click the Select button to qui ck-select the corresponding port based on the port number you entered. Select: Select the desired port for IGMP Snooping feature conf iguration. It is multi-optional. Port: Displays the port of the Switch. IGMP Snoop[...]

Figure 8-6 VLAN Config The following entries are displayed on this screen: ¾ VLAN Config VLAN ID: Enter the VLAN ID to enable IGMP Snooping for the desired VLAN. Router Port Time: S pecify the aging time of the router port. Within this time, if the switch doesn’t receive IGMP query message from the router port, it will consider this port is not [...]

VLAN ID: Displays the VLAN ID. Router Port Time: Displays the router port time of the VLAN. Member Port T ime: Displays the member port time of the VLAN. Leave Time: Displays the leave time of the VLAN. Router Port: Displays the router port of the VLAN. Note: The settings here will be invalid when multicast VLAN is enabled Configuration procedure: [...]

Figure 8-7 Multicast VLAN The following entries are displayed on this screen: ¾ Multicast VLAN Multicast VLAN: Select Enable/Disable Mult icast VLAN feature. VLAN ID: Enter the VLAN ID of the multicas t VLAN. Router Port Time: S pecify the aging time of the router port. Within this time, if the switch doesn’t receive IGMP query message from the [...]

Configuration procedure: Ste p Operation Description 1 Enable IGMP Snooping function Required. Enable IGMP Snooping globally on the switch and for the port on Multicast → IGMP Snooping → Snooping Config and Port Config p age . 2 Create a multicast VLAN Required. Creat e a multicast VLAN and add all the member ports and router ports to the VLAN [...]

¾ Configuration Procedure Ste p Operation Description 1 Create VLANs Create thre e VLANs with the VLAN ID 3, 4 and 5 respectively , and specify the description of VL AN3 as Multicast VLAN on VLAN → 802.1Q VLAN page. 2 Configure ports On VLAN → 802.1Q VLAN function pages. For port 3, configure its link type as GENERAL and its egress rule as T A[...]

8.2.1 Multicast IP T able On this page you can view the multicast IP table on the switch. Choose the menu Multicast → Multicast IP → Multicast IP T able to load the following page. Figure 8-8 Multicast IP T able The following entries are displayed on this screen: ¾ Search Option Multicast IP: Enter the multicast IP address the desired entry mu[...]

Choose the menu Multicast → Multicast IP → St atic Multicast IP to load the following page. Figure 8-9 S tatic Multicast IP T able The following entries are displayed on this screen: ¾ Create St atic Multicast Multicast IP: Enter static multicast IP address. VLAN ID: Enter the VLAN ID of the multicas t IP . Forward Port: Enter the forward port[...]

to restrict users ordering multicast programs via configuring multicast filter rules. When applying for a multicast group, the host will send IGMP report message. After receiving the report message, the switch will firstly check the mu lticast filter rules configured for the receiving port. If the port can be added to the multicast group, it will b[...]

8.3.2 Port Filter On this page you can configure t he multicast filter rules for port. T ake the configuration on this page and the configuration on IP-R ange page together to fu nction to implement multicast filter function on the switch. Choose the menu Multicast → Multicast Filter → Port Filter to load the following page. Figure 8-1 1 Port F[...]

Bound IP-Range (ID): Enter the IP-rang ID the port will be bound to. Max Group s: S pecify the maximum number of mu lticast groups to prevent some ports taking up too much bandwidth. LAG: Displays the LAG number wh ich the port belongs to. Note: 1. Multicast Filter feature can only have effect on the VLAN with IGMP Snooping enabled. 2. Multicast Fi[...]

The following entries are displayed on this screen: ¾ Auto Refresh Auto Refresh: Select Enable/Disable aut o refresh feature. Refresh Period: Enter the time from 3 to 300 in se conds to specify the auto refresh period. ¾ IGMP S tatistics Port Select: Click the Select button to qui ck-select the corresponding port based on the port number you ente[...]

Chapter 9 QoS QoS (Quality of Service) functi ons to provide different quality of service for various network applications and requirements and optim ize the bandwidth resource dist ribution so as to provide a network service experience of a better quality . ¾ QoS This switch classifies the ingr ess packets, map s the packet s to different priorit[...]

Figure 9-2 802.1Q frame As shown in the figure above, each 802.1Q T ag ha s a Pri field, comprising 3 bits. The 3-bit priority field is 802.1p priority in the range of 0 to 7. 802.1P priority determi nes the priority of the packet s based on the Pri value. On the Web management page of the switch, you can configure different priority tags mapping t[...]

Figure 9-4 SP-Mode 2. WRR-Mode: W eight Round Robin Mode. In this mode, pa ckets in all the queues are sent in order based on the weight value for each queue and every queue can be assured of a certain service time. The weight value indicates the occupied proportion of the resource. WRR queue overcomes the disadvantage of SP queue that the packets [...]

The QoS module is mainly for traffic control and priority configuration, including three submenus: DiffServ , Bandwidth Control and V oice VLAN . 9.1 DiffServ This switch classifies the ingr ess packets, map s the packet s to different priority queues and then fo rwar ds th e pac ke ts ac cor din g to sp eci fi ed scheduli ng algorithms to implemen[...]

Ste p Operation Description 1 Select the port priority Requir ed. On QoS → DiffServ → Port Priority page, configure the port priority . 2 Configure the mapping relation between the 802.1P priority and TC Required. On QoS → DiffServ → 802.1P Priority p age, configure the mapping relation between the 802.1P priority and TC. 3 Select a schedul[...]

9.1.3 802.1P Priority On this page you ca n configure 8 02.1P priority . 802.1P gives the Pri field i n 802.1Q tag a recommended definition. Th is field is used to divide p ackets into 8 pr iori ties . When 802.1P Priority is enabled, the packets with 802.1Q tag are map ped to different priority le vels based on 802.1 P priority mode. The untagge d[...]

Figure 9-9 DSCP Priority The following entries are displayed on this screen: ¾ DSCP Priority Config DSCP Priority: Select Enable or Disable DSCP Priority . ¾ Priority Level DSCP: Indicates the priority determined by the DS region of IP dat agram. It ranges from 0 to 63. Priority: Indicates the 802.1P priority the p ackets with tag are mapped to. [...]

9.2 Bandwid th Control Bandwidth function, allowing you to control the traffic rate an d broadcast flow on each port to ensure network in working or der , can be implemented on Rate Limit and Storm Control p ages. 9.2.1 Rate Limit Rate limit functions to control the ingress/egr ess traffic rate on each port via configuring the available bandwidth o[...]

Note: 1. If you enable ingress rate limit feature for t he storm control-enabl ed por t, storm control feature will be disabled for this port. 2. When egress rate limit feature is enabled for one or more ports, you are suggested to disable the flow control on each port to ensure the switch works normally . 9.2.2 Storm Control S torm Control functio[...]

Broadcast Rate (bp s): Select the bandwidth for receiving broadcast packets on the port. The packet traf fic exceeding the bandwidth will be discarded. Select Disable to disable the storm control function for the port. Mulitcast Rate (bp s): Select the bandwidth for receiving multicast p ackets on the port. The packet traf fic exceeding the bandwid[...]

A voice VLAN can operat e in two m odes: automatic mode and manual mode. Automatic Mode: In this mode, the switch automat ically add a port which receives voice packe ts to voice VLAN and determine the priority of the pa ckets through learning the source MAC of the UNT AG packet s sent from IP phone when it is pow ered on. The aging time o f voice [...]

Security Mode Packet T ype Processing Mode UNT AG packet Packet with voice VLAN TA G When the source MAC address of the packet is the OUI address that can be ident ified, the packet can be transmitted in the voice VLAN. Otherwise, the p acket will be discarded. Enable Packet with other VLAN TA G The processing mode for the device to deal with the p[...]

Aging Time: S pecifies the living time of the member port in auto mode after the OUI address is aging out. Priority: Select the priority of the port when sending voice data. 9.3.2 Port Config Before the voice VLAN function is enabled, the parameters of the ports in the voice VLAN should be configured on this page. Choose the menu QoS → V oice VLA[...]

Port Mode: Select the mode for the port to join the voice VLAN. z Auto: In this mode, the switch automatically adds a port to the voice VLAN or removes a port from the voice VLAN by checking whether the port re ceives voice data or not z Manual: In this mode, you can manually add a port to the voice VLAN or remove a port from the voice VLAN. Securi[...]

Select: Select the desired entry to view the detailed information. OUI: Displays the OUI address of the voice device. Mask: Displays the OUI address mask of the voice device. Description: Displays the description of the OUI. Configuration Procedure of V oice VLAN: Ste p Operation Description 1 Configure the link type of the port Required. On VLAN ?[...]

Chapter 10 ACL ACL (Access Control List) is used to filter packet s by configuring match rules and process policies of packet s in order to control the access of the illegal users to the network. Besides, ACL functions to control traffic flows and save network resource s. It provides a flex ible and secured access control policy and facilitates you[...]

10.1.2 T ime-Range Create On this page you can create time-ranges. Choose the menu ACL → Time-Range → Time-Range Create to load the following p age. Figure 10-2 T ime-Range Create Note: T o successfully configure time -ranges, please firstly specify ti me-slices and then time-ranges. The following entries are displayed on this screen: ¾ Create[...]

End Time: Displays the end time of the time-slice. Delete: Click the Delete button to delet e the corresponding time-slice. 10.1.3 Holiday Config Holiday mode is applied as a different secured a ccess control policy from the week mode. On this page you can define holidays according to your work arrangement. Choose the menu ACL → Time-Range → Ho[...]

Packets are classified based on match rules in order of the rules. Once a rule is matched, The ACL Config functi on can be implemented on ACL Summary , ACL Create , MAC ACL , Stand ar d- IP A CL and Extend-IP ACL pages. 10.2.1 ACL Summary On this page, you can view the curr ent ACLs configured in the switch. Choose the menu ACL → ACL Config → A[...]

ACL ID: Enter ACL ID of the ACL you want to create. Rule Order: User Config order is set to be match order in this ACL. 10.2.3 MAC ACL MAC ACLs analyze and process packet s based on a se ries of match conditi ons, which can be the source MAC addresses, destination MAC addresse s, VLAN ID, and EtherT ype carried in the packet s. Choose the menu ACL [...]

User Priority: Select the user priority contained in the rule for the tagged p ackets to match. Time-Range: Select the time-range for t he rule to take ef fect. 10.2.4 S t andard-IP ACL S tandard-IP ACLs analyze and proces s data packe ts based on a series of ma tch conditions, which can be the source IP addresses and destination IP addresses carri[...]

Choose the menu ACL → ACL Config → Extend-IP ACL to load the following p age. Figure10-8 Create Extend-IP Rule The following entries are displayed on this screen: ¾ Create Extend-IP ACL ACL ID: Select the desired Extend-IP ACL for configuration. Rule ID: Enter the rule ID. Operation: Select the operation for the switch to process packet s whic[...]

IP T oS: Enter the IP- T oS contained in the rule. IP Pre: Enter the IP Precedence contained in the rule. Time-Range: Select the time-range for t he rule to take ef fect. 10.3 Policy Config A Policy is used to control the data p ackets those match the corresponding ACL rules by configuring ACLs and actions t ogether for effect. The operations here [...]

10.3.2 Policy Create On this page you can create the policy . Choose the menu ACL → Policy Config → Policy Create to load the following page. Figure 10-10 Create Policy The following entries are displayed on this screen: ¾ Create Policy Policy Name: Enter the name of the policy . 10.3.3 Action Create On this page you can add ACLs and creat e c[...]

Select Policy: Select the name of the policy . Select ACL: Select the ACL for configuration in the policy . S-Mirror: Select S-Mirror to mirror the data pa ckets in the p olicy to the specific port. S-Condition: Select S-Condition to limit the transmi ssion rate of the da ta packe ts in the policy . z Rate: S pecify the forward ing rate of the data[...]

¾ Search Option Show Mode: Select a show mode appropriate to yo ur needs. ¾ Policy Bind T able Select: Select the desired entry to delet e the corresponding binding policy . Index: Displays the index of the binding policy . Policy Name: Displays the name of the binding p olicy . Interface: Displays the port number or VLAN ID bound to the policy .[...]

Figure10-14 Bind the policy to the VLAN The following entries are displayed on this screen: ¾ VLAN-Bind Config Policy Name: Select the name of the po licy you want to bind. VLAN ID: Enter the ID of the VLAN you want to bind. ¾ VLAN-Bind T able Index: Displays the index of the binding policy . Policy Name: Displays the name of the binding p olicy [...]

4. The R&D dep artment and mark eting department can not communicate with each other . ¾ Network Diagram ¾ Configuration Procedure Ste p Operation Description 1 Configure T ime-range On ACL → Time-Range page, create a time-range named work_time. Select Week mode and configure the w eek time from Monday to Friday . Add a time-slice 08:00~18:[...]

3 Configure for requirement 2 and 4 On ACL → ACL Config → ACL Create page, create ACL 100. On ACL → ACL Config → St andard-IP ACL page, select ACL 100, create Rule 1, configure operatio n as Deny , configure S-IP as 172.31.70.1 and mask as 255.255.255. 0, configure D-IP as 172.31.50.1 and mask as 255. 255.255.0, configur e the time-range as[...]

Chapter 11 Network Security Network Security module is to provide the multip le protection measures fo r the network security , including four submenus: IP-MAC Binding , ARP Inspection , DoS Defend and 80 2.1X . Please configure the functions ap propriate to your need. 11.1 IP-MAC Binding The IP-MAC Binding function allows you to bind the IP addres[...]

The following ent ries are displaye d on this screen: ¾ Search Option Source: Select a Source from the pull-down list and click the Search button to view your desired entry in the Binding T able. • All: All the bound entries will be displayed. • Manual: Only the manually added entries will be displayed. • Scanning: Only the entries formed vi[...]

Figure 1 1-2 Manual Binding The following ent ries are displaye d on this screen: ¾ Manual Binding Option Host Name: Enter the Host Name. IP Address: Enter the IP Address of the Host. MAC Address: Enter the MAC Address of the Host. VLAN ID: Enter the VLAN ID. Port: Select the number of por t connected to the Host. Protect T ype: Select the Protect[...]

11.1.3 ARP Scanning ARP (Address Resolution Protocol) is u sed to analyze and map IP addresses to the corresponding MAC addresses so that p ackets can be delivered to their destin ations correctly . IP address is the address of the Host on Network layer . MAC address, the address of the Host on Data link layer , is necessary for the packet to reach[...]

Figure 1 1-4 ARP Scanning The following ent ries are displaye d on this screen: ¾ Scanning Option St art IP Address: S pecify the S tart IP Address. End IP Address: S pecify the End IP Address. VLAN ID: Enter the VLAN ID. If blank, the switch will send the unt agged packet s for scanning. Scan: Click the Scan button to scan the Hosts in the LAN. ?[...]

network configuration protocol optimized and dev eloped based on the BOOTP , functions to solve the above mentioned problems. ¾ DHCP W orking Principle DHCP works via the “Client/Server” communication mode. The Client applies to the Server for configuration. The Server assigns the configuration information, such as the IP address, to the Clien[...]

Figure 1 1-6 Interaction between a DHCP client and a DHCP server （ 1 ） DHCP-DISCOVER St age: The Client broadcasts the DHCP-DISCOVER packet to find the DHCP Server . （ 2 ） DHCP-OFFE R St age: Up on receiving the DHCP-DISCOVER packet, the DHCP Server selects an IP address from the IP pool according to the assigning priority of the IP address[...]

Option 82 can contain 255 sub-options at most. If Option 82 is defined, at least a sub-option should be defined. This Switch s upports two sub-options: Circuit ID and Remote ID. Since there is no universal standard about the content of Op tion 82, different manufacturers define the sub-options of Option 82 to their need. For this Switch, the sub-op[...]

Choose the menu Network Security → IP-MAC Binding → Binding T able to load the following page. Figure 1 1-8 DHCP Snooping Note: If you want to enable the DHCP Snooping feature for the member port of LAG , please ensure the parameters of all the member port s are the same. The following ent ries are displaye d on this screen: ¾ DHCP Snooping Co[...]

DHCP Snooping: Enable/Disable the DHCP Snooping function globally . Global Flow Control: Select the value to specif y the maximum amount of DHCP messages that can be forwarded by the switch per second. The excessive massages will be discarded. Decline Threshold: Select the value to specify the minimum transmission rate of the Decline packets to tri[...]

11.2 ARP Inspection According to the ARP Implement ation Procedure s tated in 1 1.1.3 ARP Scanning , it can be found that ARP protocol can facilit ate the Hosts in t he same network segment to communicate with one another or access to external network via Gatewa y . However , since ARP protocol is implemented with the premise that all the Hosts and[...]

Figure 1 1-10 ARP Attack – Cheating Gateway As the above figure shown, the at tacker sends the fake ARP p ackets of Host A to the Gateway , and then the Gateway will automatically update its ARP table after receiving the ARP p ackets. When the Gateway tries to communicate with Ho st A in LAN, it will encapsulate this false destination MAC address[...]

Figure 1 1-1 1 ARP Attack – Cheating T erminal Hosts As the above figure shown, the atta cker sends the fake ARP packe ts of Host A to Host B, and then Host B will automatically update its ARP table afte r receiving the ARP packets. When Host B tries to communicate with Host A, it will encapsulat e this false destination MAC address for packets, [...]

Figure 1 1-12 Man-In-The-Middle Attack Suppose there are three Hosts in LAN connec ted with one another through a switch. Host A: IP address is 192.168.0.101; MAC address is 00-00-00-1 1-1 1-1 1. Host B: IP address is 19 2.168.0. 102; MAC address is 00-00-0 0-22-22-22. Attacker: IP address is 192.168.0.103; MAC address is 00-00-00-33-33-33. 1. Firs[...]

and the connected Port number of t he Host together when the Host connect s to the switch. Based on the predefined IP-MAC Binding ent ries, the ARP Inspection functi ons to detect the ARP p ackets and filter the illegal ARP packet so as to prevent the network from ARP attacks. The ARP Inspection function is implemented on the ARP Detect , ARP Defen[...]

Configuration Procedure: Ste p Operation Description 1 Bind the IP address, MAC address, VLAN ID and the connected Port number of the Host together . Required. On the IP-MAC Binding page, bind the IP address, MAC address, VLAN ID and the connected Port number of the Host together via Manual Binding, ARP Scanning or DHCP Snooping. 2 Enable the prote[...]

The following ent ries are displaye d on this screen: ¾ ARP Defend Port Select: Click the Select button to quick-select the corresponding port based on the port number you entered. Select: Select your desired port for confi guration. It is multi-optional. Port: Displays the port number . Defend: Select Enable/Disable the ARP Defend feature for the[...]

Figure 1 1-15 ARP S tatistics The following ent ries are displaye d on this screen: ¾ Auto Refresh Auto Refresh: Enable/Disable the Auto Refresh feature. Refresh Interval: S pecify the refresh interval to display the ARP S tatistics. ¾ Illegal ARP Packet Port: Displays the port number . T rusted Port: Indicates the port is an ARP Tr usted Port or[...]

DoS Att ack T ype Description Land Attack The attacker sends a specific fake SYN packet to the destination Host. Since both the source IP address and the destinatio n IP address of the SYN packet are set to be the IP address of the Host, the Host will be trapped in an endless circle for building the in itial connection. The performanc e of the netw[...]

Figure 1 1-16 DoS Defend The following ent ries are displaye d on this screen: ¾ Configure DoS Defend: Enable/Disable DoS Defend function. ¾ Defend T able Select: Select the entry to enable the corresponding Defend T ype. Defend T ype: Displays the Defend T ype name. Tips: Y ou are suggested to take the following furt her step s to ensure the net[...]

802.1X adopts a client/server architecture with three entities: a supplicant system, an authenticator system, and an authentic ation server system, as shown in the following figure. Figure 1 1-17 Architecture of 802.1X authentication （ 1 ） Supplicant System: The supplicant system is an entit y in LAN and is authenticated by the authenticator sy[...]

¾ 802.1X Authentication Procedure An 802.1X authentication can be initiated by suppl i cant system or authent icator system. When the authenticator system detec ts an unauthenticated supp licant in LAN, it will initiate the 802.1X authentication by sending EAP-Reque st/Identity packet s to the supp licant. The supplicant system can also launch an [...]

5. Upon receiving the key (encapsulated in an EAP-Request/MD5 Challenge packet) from the switch, the client program encrypts the passwor d of the supplicant system with the key and sends the encrypted password (contained in an EAP-Response/MD5 Challenge packet) to the RADIUS server through the switch . (The encryption is irreversible.) 6. The RADIU[...]

after the switch sends a request packet to a supplicant system. The switch will resend the request packet to the supplicant system if t he su pplicant system fails to respond in the specified timeout period. （ 2 ） RADIUS server timer ( Server Timeout ): This timer is triggered by the switch after the switch sends an authentic ation request pack[...]

Figure 1 1-20 Global Config The following ent ries are displaye d on this screen: ¾ Global Config 802.1X: Enable/Disable the 802.1X function. Authentication Method: Select the Authentication Me thod from the pull-down list. • EAP-MD5: IEEE 802.1X authentication system uses extensible authenticat ion protocol (EAP) to exchange information between[...]

failed to the 802.1X Authenticat ion, then the switch will not respond to the authentication requ est from the same supplicant during the Quiet Period. Retry Times: S pecify the maximum transfer times of the r epeated authentication request. Supplicant Timeout: S pecify the maximum time for the switch to wait for the response from supplicant bef or[...]

Statu s: Select Enable/Disable the 802.1X authentication feature for the port. Guest VLAN: Select Enable/Disable the Gues t VLAN feature for the port. Control Mode: S pecify the Control Mode for the port. • Auto: In this mode, the port will normally work only after passing the 802.1X Authentication. • Force-Authorized: In this mode, the port ca[...]

Primary IP: Enter the IP address of the authentication server . Secondary IP: Enter the IP address of the al ternate a uthentication server . Authentication Port: Set the UDP port of authentication server(s). The default port is 1812 Authentication KEY : Set the shared password for t he switch and the authentication servers to exchange messages. ¾[...]

Chapter 12 SNMP ¾ SNMP Overvie w SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol) has gained the most extens ive application on the UDP/IP networks. SNMP provides a management frame to monitor and maintain the network devices. It is used for automatica lly managing the various network devices no matter the physical differences of the devices. Curr ently [...]

SNMP v1: SNMP v1 adopts Community Name authentic ation. The community name is used to define the relation between SNMP Management S tation and SNMP Agent. The SNMP packe ts failing to pass community name authentication are discarded. The community name can limit access to SNMP Agent from SNMP NMS, functioning as a password. SNMP v2c: SNMP v2c also [...]

management station. The specif ied User Name and the Auth/Privacy Password are used for SNMP Management S tation to access the SNMP Agent, functioning as the p assword. SNMP module is used to configure the SNMP f unction of the switch, including three submenus: SNMP Config , Notification and RMON . 12.1 SNMP Config The SNMP Config can be implemente[...]

Note: The amount of Engine ID c haracters must be even. 12.1.2 SNMP View The OID (Object Identifier) of t he SNMP packets is used to describe the managed objects of the switch, and the MIB (Management Information Base) is the set of the OIDs. The SNMP View is created for the SNMP management station to manage MIB objects. Choose the menu SNMP → SN[...]

12.1.3 SNMP Group On this page, you can co nfigure SNMP Group to control the network access by providing the users in various groups with different management right s via the Read View , Write View and Notify View . Choose the menu SNMP → SNMP Config → SNMP Group to load the following page. Figure 12-5 SNMP Group The following ent ries are disp[...]

Wri te View : Select the View to be the W rite View . The management access is writing only and changes can be made to the a ssigned SNMP View . The View defined both as the Read View and the Write V iew can be read and modified. Notify V iew : Select the View to be the Notify View . The management station can receive trap messages of the assigned [...]

Figure 12-6 SNMP User The following ent ries are displaye d on this screen: ¾ User Config User Name: Enter the User Name here. User T ype: Select the type for the User . • Local User: Indicates that the user is connected to a local SNMP engine. • Remote User: Indicates that the user is connected to a remote SNMP engine. Group Name: Select the [...]

¾ User T able Select: Select the desired entry to delet e the corresponding User . It is multi-optional. User Name: Displays the name of the User . User T ype: Displays the User T ype. Group Name: Displays the Group Name of the User . Security Model: Displays the Security Model of the User . Security Level: Displays the Security Level of the User [...]

• read-only: Management right of the Community is restricted to read-only, and changes cannot be made to the corresponding View. • read-write: Management right of the Comm unity is read-write and changes can be made to the correspondin g View. MIB Vie w : Select the MIB V iew for the community to access. ¾ Community T able Select: Select the d[...]

2 Create SNMP V iew . Required. On the SNMP → SNMP Config → SNMP View page, create SNMP V iew of the management agent. The default View Name is viewDefault and the default OID is 1. Create SNMP Community directly . 3 Configure access level for the User . Create SNMP Group and SNMP User . Required alternatively . z Create SNMP Community directly[...]

Figure 12-8 Notification Config The following ent ries are displaye d on this screen: ¾ Create Notification IP Address: Enter the IP Address of the management Host. UDP Port: Enter the number of the UDP por t used to send notifications. The UDP port functions with the IP address for the notification sending. The default is 162. User: Enter the Use[...]

Select: Select the desired entry to delete the corresponding management station. IP Address: Displays the IP Address of the management host. UDP Port: Displays the UDP port us ed to send notifications. User: Displays the User name of the management station. Security Model: Displays the Security Model of the management station. Security Level: Displ[...]

The RMON Groups can be configured on the Histor y Control, Event Conf ig and Alarm Config pages. 12.3.1 Histor y Control On this page, you can confi gure the History Group for RMON. Choose the menu SNMP → RMON → History Control to load the following page. Figure 12-9 History Control The following ent ries are displaye d on this screen: ¾ Histo[...]

Figure 12-10 Event Config The following ent ries are displaye d on this screen: ¾ Event T able Select: Select the desired entry for configuration. Index: Displays the index number of the entry . User: Enter the name of the User or the community to which the event belongs. Description: Give a description to the event for identification. Ty p e : Se[...]

Figure 12-1 1 Alarm Config The following ent ries are displaye d on this screen: ¾ Alarm T able Select: Select the desired entry for configuration. Index: Displays the index number of the entry . Va r i a b l e : Select the alarm variable s form the pull-sown list. Port: Select the port on which the Alarm entry acts. Sample T ype: S pecify the sam[...]

Interval: Enter the alarm interval time in seconds. Ow ner : Enter the name of the device or user that defined the entry . Statu s: Select Enable/Disable t he corresponding alarm entry . Note: When alarm variables exceed the Threshold on the same direction continuously for several times, an alarm event will only be generated on the first time, that[...]

Chapter 13 Cluster With the development of network technology , the network scale is getting larger and more network devices are required, which may result in a mo re complicated network m anagement system. As a large number of devices need to be assigned diff erent network addresses and every management device needs to be respectively configured t[...]

z The current switch you create cluster is specified as t he commander switch. z The commander switch discovers and determines candidate switches by collecting related information. z After being added to the cluster , the candidate switch becomes to be the member switch, z After being removed from the cluster , the mem ber switch becomes to be the [...]

Figure 13-2 Neighbor Information The following entries are displayed on this screen: ¾ Neighbor Search Option: Select the information the desir ed entry should contain and then click the Search button to display the desired entry in the following Neighbor Information table. ¾ Neighbor Info Native Port: Displays the port number of the switch. Remo[...]

Figure 13-3 NDP Summary The following entries are displayed on this screen: ¾ Global Config NDP: Displays the global NDP st atus (enabled or di sabled) for the switch. Aging Time: Displays the period for the neighbor switch to keep the NDP packet s from this switch. Hello Time: Displays the interval to send NDP packets. ¾ Port St atus Port: Displ[...]

13.1.3 NDP Config On this page you can configure the NDP function for the switch. Choose the menu Cluster → NDP → NDP Config to load the following page. Figure 13-4 NDP Config The following entries are displayed on this screen: ¾ Global Cofig NDP: Select Enable/Disable NDP function globally . Aging Time: Enter the period for the neighbor switc[...]

13.2 NTDP NTDP (Neighbor T opology Discovery Protocol ） is used for the commander switch to collect NDP information. NTDP transmit s and forwards NTDP topology collection request based on NDP neighbor information table, and collects the NDP information and neighboring connection information of each device in a specific network r ange. The command[...]

Hop s: Displays the hop count from this device to the switch. Neighbor Info: Click the Detail button to view the complete information of this device and its neighbors. Collect T opology: Click the Collect T opology button to collect NTDP information of the switch so as to collect the latest network topology . Click the Detail button to view the com[...]

Figure 13-7 NTDP Summary The following entries are displayed on this screen: ¾ Global Config NTDP: Displays the NTDP status (enabled or disabled) of the switch globally . NTDP Interval T ime: Displays the interval to co llect topology information. NTDP Hop s: Displays the hop count the sw itch topology collects. NTDP Hop Delay: Displays the time b[...]

Choose the menu Cluster → NTDP → NT DP Config to load the following page. Figure 13-8 NTDP Config The following entries are displayed on this screen: ¾ Global Config NTDP: Select Enable/Disable NTDP for the switch globally . NTDP Interval T ime: Enter the interval to collect topol ogy information. The default is 1 minute. NTDP Hop s: Enter the[...]

Enable: Click the Enable button to enable NTDP feature for the port you select. Disable: Click the Disable button to disabl e NTDP feature for the port you select. Note: NTDP function is ef fective only when NTDP f unction is enabled globally and for the port. 13.3 Cluster A commander switch can recognize and add the candi date switch to a cluste r[...]

Figure 13-10 Cluster Summary for Member Switch The following entries are displayed on this screen: ¾ Global Config Cluster: Displays the cluster status (enabl ed or disabled) of the switch. Cluster Role: Displays the role the switch plays in the cluster . Cluster Name: Displays the name of the current cluster the switch belongs to. Commander MAC: [...]

Figure 13-12 Cluster Configur ation for Candi date Switch The following entries are displayed on this screen: ¾ Current Role Role: Displays the role the current switch plays in the cluster . ¾ Role Change Individual: Select this o ption to change the role of the switch to be individual switch. z For a member switch, the following page is displaye[...]

Figure 13-14 Cluster Configurat ion for Individual Switch The following entries are displayed on this screen: ¾ Current Role Role: Displays the role the current switch plays in the cluster . ¾ Role Change Candidate: Select this option to change the role of the switch to be candidate switch. 13.4 Application Example for Cluster Function ¾ Network[...]

Figure 13-15 Network diagram ¾ Configuration Procedure z Configure the member switch Ste p Operation Description 1 Enable NDP function on the switch and for port 1 On Cluster → NDP → NDP Config page, enable NDP function. 2 Enable NT DP function on the switch and for port 1 On Cluster → NTDP → N TDP Config p age, enable NTDP function. z Con[...]

4 Configure the member switch On Cluster → Cluster → Member Config page, select the member switch and click the Manage button to log on to its W eb management page. Or On Cluste r → Cluster → Cluster T opology page, double-click the switch icon to view its detailed information; click the switch icon and click the Manage button to log on to [...]

Chapter 14 Maintenance Maintenance module, assembling the commonly used system tools to manage the switch, provides the convenient method to locate and solve the network problem. （ 1 ） System Monitor: Monitor the utilization stat us of the memory and the CPU of switch. （ 2 ） Log: View the configuration parameters of t he switch and find out[...]

Figure 14-1 CPU Monitor Click the Monitor button to enable the switch to monitor and display its CPU utilization rate every four seconds. 14.1.2 Memor y Monitor Choose the menu Maintenance → S ystem Monitor → Memory Monitor to load the following page. 196[...]

Figure 14-2 Memory Monitor Click the Monitor button to enable the switch to monitor and display its Memory utilization rate every four seconds. 14.2 Log The Log system of switch can re cord, classify and manage the syst em information effectively , providing powerful support for networ k administrator to monito r network operation and diagnose malf[...]

The Log function is implemented on the Log T able , Local Log , Remote Log and Backup Log pages. 14.2.1 Log T able The switch supports logs output to two directions , namely , log buf fer and log file. The information in log buffer will be lost af ter the switch is reboot ed or powered off whereas the information in log file will be kept ef fective[...]

Choose the menu Maintenance → Log → Local Log to load the following page. Figure 14-4 Local Log The following ent ries are displaye d on this screen: ¾ Local Log Config Select: Select the desired entry to conf igure the corresponding local log. Log Buffer: Indicates the RAM for saving system log. The inforamtion in th e log buffer is displayed[...]

Figure 14-5 Log Host The following ent ries are displaye d on this screen: ¾ Log Host Index: Displays the index of the log host. The switch supports 4 log hosts. Host IP: Configur e the IP for the log host. UDP Port: Displays the UDP port used for receiving/sending log information. Here we use the standard port 514. Severity: Specify the severity [...]

The following ent ry is displayed on this screen: ¾ Backup Log Backup Log: Click the Backup Log button to save the log as a file to your computer . Note: It will take a few minutes to backup the l og file. Please wait without any operation. 14.3 Device Diagnose This switch provides Cable T est and Loopback functions for device diagnose. 14.3.1 Cab[...]

Note: 1. The Length displayed here is the length of pair cable not that of the physical cable. 2. The test result is just for your reference. 14.3.2 Loopback Loopback test function, looping the sender and the receiver of the si gnal, is used to test whether the port of the switch is available as well as to check and analyze the physical connection [...]

Choose the menu Maintenance → Netw ork Diagnose → Ping to load the following page. Figure 14-9 Ping The following ent ries are displaye d on this screen: ¾ Ping Config Destination IP: Enter the IP address of the destination node for Ping test. Ping Times: Enter the a mount of times to send test data during Ping testing. The default value is re[...]

Figure 14-10 T racert The following ent ries are displaye d on this screen: ¾ T racert Config Destination IP: Enter the IP address of the destination device. Max Hop: S pecify the maximum number of t he route hops the test data can p ass through. Return to CONTENTS 204[...]

Appendix A: Specifications IEEE802.3 10Base-T Ethernet IEEE802.3u 100Base-TX/100Bas e-FX Fast Ethernet IEEE802.3ab 1000Base-T Gigabit Ethernet IEEE802.3z 1000Base- X Gigabit Ethernet IEEE802.3x Flow Control IEEE802.1p Priority IEEE802.1q VLAN Bridge Standards IEEE802.1X Port-based Access Authentication Ethernet: 10Mbps HD ， 20Mbps FD Fast Etherne[...]

Appendix B: Configuring the PCs In this section, we’ll introduce how to install and configure the TCP/IP correctly in Windows 2000. First make sure your Ethernet Adapter is work ing, refer to the adapter ’s manual if necessary . 1) On the Windows taskbar , click the St a rt button, and then click Control Panel . 2) Click the Network and Interne[...]

Figure B-2 5) The following TCP/IP Properties window will display and the IP Address tab is open on this window by default. 207[...]

6) Select Use the following IP address . And the following items will be available. If the switch's IP address is 192.168.0.1, specify IP address as 192.168.0. x (x is from 2 to 254), and the Subnet mask as 255.255.255.0. Now: Click OK to save your settings. Return to CONTENTS 208[...]

Appendix C: Load Sof tware using FTP If there is something wrong with the firmware of the switch and the switch can not be launched, you can load firmware to the switch via FTP func tion. FTP (File Transfer Pr otocol), a pr otocol in the application layer, is mainly used to transfer files between the re mote server and the local PCs. It is a common[...]

Figure C-2 Open Hyper T erminal 2 ） The Connection Description Window will prompt shown as Figure C-3. Enter a name into the Name field and click OK . Figure C-3 Connection Description 3 ） Select the port to connect in the following figure and then click OK . 210[...]

Figure C-4 Select the port to connect 4 ） Configure the port selected in the step abov e shown as the following figur e. Configure Bit s per second as 38400, Data bit s as 8, Parity as None, S top bits as 1, Flo w control as None, and then click OK . Figure C-5 Port Settings 3. Download Firmware via bootUtil menu T o download firmware to the swit[...]

Figure C-6 bootUtil Menu As the prompt is displayed for a short time, you are suggested not to release the CTRL-B key until you enter into bootUtil menu after powering on the switch. 3 ） After entering into bootUtil menu, please firstly confi gure the IP pa rameters of the switch. The format is: ifconfig ip xxx.xxx.xxx.xx x mask 255.255.255.0 gat[...]

[TP-LINK] : start St art . . . . . . . . . .  * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * User Access Login * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * User : Return to CONTENTS 213[...]

Appendix D: 802.1X Client Sof tware In 802.1X mechanism, the supplicant Client s hould be equipped with the corresponding client software complied with 802.1X protocol st andar d for 802.1X authenticati on. When the switch TL-SG3216 works as the authenticator system, please ta ke the following instructions to inst all the TpSupplicant provided on t[...]

Figure D-3 Welcome to the InstallShield Wizard 4) T o continue, choose the destination location for the installation files and click Next on the following screen. Figure D-4 Choose De stination Location By default, the installation files are saved on t he Program Files folder of system disk. Click the Change button to modify the destinati on locati[...]

Figure D-5 Install the Program 6) The Inst allShield Wizard is installing TpSupplicant-V2.0 shown as the following screen. Please wait. Figure D-6 Setup S tatus 7) On the following screen, click Finish to complete the inst allation. 216[...]

Figure D-7 InstallShield Wizard Complete Note: Please pay attention to the ti ps on the above screen. If you have not installed WinPcap 4.0.2 or the higher version on your computer , the 802.1X Client Softwa re TpSupplicant can not work. It’ s recommended to go to http://www .win pcap.org to download the latest version of WinPcap for installation[...]

Figure D-9 Preparing Setup 3) On the continued screen, click Ye s to remove the application from your PC. Figure D-10 Uninstall the Application 4) Click Finish to complete. Figure D-1 1 Uninstall Complete 3. Configuration 1) After completing inst allation, double click the icon to run the TP-LINK 802.1X Client Software. Th e following screen will a[...]

Figure D-12 TP-LINK 802.1X Client Enter the Name and the Password specified in the Authentic ation Server . The length of Name and Password should be less than 15 characters. 2) Click the Properties button on Figure D-12 to load the followi ng screen for configuring the connection properties. Figure D-13 Connection Properties Send 802.1X protocol p[...]

3) T o continue, click Connect button after entering the Name and Pass w ord on Figure D-12. Then the following screen will appear to prompt that the Radius server is being searched. Figure D-14 Authentication Dialog 4) When pa ssing the authentication, the following screen will appear . Figure D-15 Successfully Authenticated 5) Double click the ic[...]

A1: It’s because the supported DLL file is missing. Y ou are suggested to go to http://www .winpcap.org to download WinPcap 4.0.2 or the higher version f or installation, and run the client software again. Q2: Is this TP-LINK 802.1X Client Software compliable with the switches of the other manufacturers? A2: No. This TP-LINK 802.1X Client Softwa [...]

Appendix E: Glossary Access Control List (ACL) ACLs can limit network traffic and restrict access to certain users or devices by checking each packet for certain IP or MAC (i.e., Layer 2) information. Boot Protocol (BOOTP) BOOTP is used to provide bootup informat ion for netwo rk devices, including IP address information, the address of the TFTP se[...]

GMRP allows network devices to register end stations with multic ast groups. GMRP requires that any participating network devic es or end stations comply with the IEEE 802.1p standard. Group Attribute Registration Protocol (GARP) See Generic Attribute Registration Protocol. IEEE 802.1D Specifies a general method for the operation of MAC bridges, in[...]

Data Link layer in the ISO 7-Layer Data Commun ica tions Protocol. This is related directly to the hardware interface for network devices and passes on traffic based on MAC addresses. Link Aggregation See Port Trunk. Link Aggregation Control Protocol (LACP) Allows ports to automatically negotiate a tr unked link with LACP-c onfigured ports on anoth[...]

switch. Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) The application protocol in the Internet suit e of protocols which o ffers network management services. Simple Network Time Protocol (SNTP) SNTP allows a device to set its in ternal cl ock based on periodic updates from a Network Time Protocol (NTP) server. Updates c an be requested from a specific [...]