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AB Soft ii manual

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  • Page 1

    The Brie f Pain Inv ento ry User Gu ide Char les S. Cleelan d, P hD ii C opyright and T e r m s of Us e The B rie f Pain In vento ry (BPI) copy r igh t is held by Dr. C harles S. Cleelan d (19 91) . The c opyrig ht appl ies to t he BPI a nd all it s der iv at ives in any l ang u age. The B PI may no t be us ed or repro duce d wit hout perm ission f[...]

  • Page 2

    i Tab l e of Co n ten ts C hap te r 1 ... ....... ....... ....... ........ ....... ....... .... ....... ....... . 1 D evel opm ent o f th e Br ie f P a in In ven tor y ...... ....... . 1 Ba ckgr ound ..... ....... ....... ....... ........ ....... ....... ....... . 1 Devel op ing a Measur ement Mo del an d It ems 2 Tes t C on str uct ion S t a nda r[...]

  • Page 3

    1 Chapt er 1 De ve l op m en t o f th e Br ie f P a in I nven tor y The B rie f Pain In vento ry ( BPI) h as beco me one of the most w i d ely use d measur ement t ools for asse ssing cl inical p ain. Th e BPI allow s pat i e nts to r ate t h e s e ve r it y o f th eir pa in a nd t he d egr ee t o wh ich t heir p ain i nter feres wit h comm on d im[...]

  • Page 4

    3 would b e e asil y tra nslate d for no n-Engl ish- spea k ing p atients; a n d (e) w ou ld cap t ure no t only pai n sev erity, b ut also the p e r ception of how pai n inte rfe red with daily life . Test Constructio n Standards As a gu id e to sca l e co nst r uctio n, we used then -curr ent psy c hom e t r ic stand ards fou nd in t he St and a [...]

  • Page 5

    5 E arl y V ersi on : T he Wis c onsi n Bri ef Pai n Q ues ti onn ai re The fi r st v ersion of ou r pain measu re was the Wi sconsi n B r ief Pai n Question nair e (BPQ ; Daut & Cleelan d, 1982 ; Daut , Cleel and, & Fla nery , 1983 ) . In t he init i al p hase of sc ale de v e l opment , 667 patient s with c ancer and 32 patient s with r h[...]

  • Page 6

    7 in cl i n ical and r esear ch a ppl icatio ns. The shor t form is t yp i c all y wha t is ref erre d to when the BPI is ci ted in researc h, a nd it is the ve rsio n we descri be b elow . Most p sychome tric e va luatio ns of the BPI have b een perf orme d on the short form. Scoring the Brief Pain Inven t o r y as an Outcome Measure A rec ent con[...]

  • Page 7

    9 from 8 0 cent e r s were enr olled i n t h e study (Cleela nd e t al., 199 4). Fact o r analys i s v er i fie d the tw o separat e factors, pain se v er ity an d interf e r ence, found in th e pre v ious study . Int ern al s tabilit y (Cr o nb a c h al pha ) was also examin ed in this stu dy . Alpha s s howed go od in t e rna l c onsi stency , ra[...]

  • Page 8

    11 Tes t-Retes t Reliab ility and A lternate-Fo rms Reli ability : the H indi T ran sla tio n Finall y, one st udy comb ine d an e xaminat i on of bot h t est-ret est rel i ab i l i t y and alt ernate-f orms rel iab i lity (Saxena et al ., 19 99). I n th is stud y, 100 pat ie nts wit h cancer w ho s p o ke both Engl ish and Hind i compl eted both l[...]

  • Page 9

    13 cl in ical t rial s: IMMPAC T rec o mm endation s. J P a in 9 (2): 105 - 1 21, 2/200 8. Food and Dru g Administr ation. Gui deline s for Indust ry (draft ). Pat ient-R epor ted Out c om e Mea s ur es: Use in Med ic al Prod u ct Deve lopmen t to Supp ort Label ing Claims. 2 006. Rockv il le MD, U.S . Departm ent of Health and H uman Ser vi c es. [...]

  • Page 10

    15 Chapt er 2 BPI Ref erenc e s: Use of the B P I in Various St udies The Brief Pai n Inve ntory ha s been u sed in more tha n 40 0 studi es wo rldwi de. Here we pre sen t BPI refer ences cat egor iz e d b y typ e of stud y . Can cer Bo ne P ai n .... ........ ....... ....... ....... ....... ....... ..16 Can cer E pide mi ol o gy .. .... ....... ..[...]

  • Page 11

    17 indu ced pain flar e after pall iat ive r a d ioth er apy for bone met astases-a pilot st udy. Sup port Care Canc e r 15 (6): 643-647 , 6/20 07. 8. Cleel and CS. The m easurem e nt of pai n from m e t astatic bone d iseas e: capt uring t he patient' s exper i e nce. Cl in Canc er Res 12(20 Pt 2): 6236s-6 242s, 10/200 6. 9. Co le lla J, Sc r[...]

  • Page 12

    19 met ast ases i n can cer pat ients]. Nippon Iga ku Hosha sen Gakk ai Zassh i 65(4 ): 399-410 , 10/200 5. 24. Pi stevo u-Gomp aki K, Kou lou l ias V E, V arv eris C, Mystak idou K, Georga kop o ulos G, E l efthe r iadi s N, Gompaki s N, Ko uva ris J. Rad iotherap y plus either tr ansderm al fenta nyl or p ara cetam ol and codein e for pa i n fu l[...]

  • Page 13

    21 9. Holtan A, A ass N , Nordoy T, Haugen DF , Ka asa S , Moh r W, Ko n g s ga ard UE. Pre valen c e o f pain in hosp italised cancer pat i e nts in Nor way: a nat ional sur vey. P all i a t Med 21(1 ): 7-13, 1/20 07. 10. Kong sg aard UE, Holta n A, Aa ss N. Prev al ence of cancer pain in ou t pat ients at a N o r wegian c o m prehe nsive can cer [...]

  • Page 14

    23 Cooperat iv e On cology Gr oup. Ann Oncol 16( 6) : 972-98 0, 6/20 05. 11. Du Pen SL, Du Pe n AR, Po lissa r N, Ha nsbe rry J, K raybi ll BM, Sti llma n M, Panke J, Ev erly R, Syrj ala K. I mple menti ng gu i d elines for can cer p ain mana gement : r esults of a r andomiz e d controlled clinical trial. J Clin Oncol 17(1 ): 361- 370, 1/1999. 12. [...]

  • Page 15

    25 28. Li ang SY , Ya t e s P, Edwa rds H, Ts ay SL. Facto r s in fluenci ng op io id -ta k ing self-eff i c ac y and an alg esic adh erence in Ta iwa nese outp atients with ca ncer. Psy c hoonc o l ogy, 3/200 8. 29. Lin CC. C omp ar iso n of the e ffects of p e r ceived self-ef fica cy on co ping w ith ch roni c cance r pain and coping with c hro [...]

  • Page 16

    27 mor ph i n e p r e -t re ated an d o pioid naive pat ients w ith tr ansdermal f entanyl. Int J Ca ncer 1 07(3 ): 4 86-49 2, 11 /2003. 46. Mysta k id ou K, Par pa E, Kat souda E, Galanos A, V l ahos L . Influ ence o f p a in and q uali t y of life on desir e for hasten ed death in patie nts wi th adv an c ed cance r. In t J Pa lliat Nu rs 10(10 )[...]

  • Page 17

    29 popula tion o f men w ith pros tate cance r. B r J Cance r 85(4) : 497-50 3, 8/2001. 62. Sa ndb l om G , Carlss on P, Sennf alt K , V arenho rst E. A populatio n-base d study of pai n and quali ty of l i fe during the year befor e d e ath in m en wi t h prost ate can cer. Br J Canc e r 90(6): 1163 - 1168, 3 /2004. 63. Sei dman AD , Porte noy R, [...]

  • Page 18

    31 Depressive Disorders 1. Bran nan SK, Ma llinck r odt CH, B rown EB, Woh lreich M M, Watk in JG, Scha tzbe rg AF . Dulox e ti ne 6 0 mg once -dai ly in the tr e atm ent of painful physical symptom s in pat ients w i t h major dep r ess iv e dis ord er . J Ps ychi a tr R es 39 (1) : 43- 53 , 1/20 0 5. 2. Brecht S, Court ecuis se C, Deb i e u v r e[...]

  • Page 19

    33 7. Schif f m an n R, K opp JB , Austin H A, II I, Sabni s S, Moore D F, Weibel T, Ba low JE, B rady RO . Enzyme r eplace ment the rapy i n Fa bry dis ea se: a ran dom ize d co ntr oll ed t r ial. JA MA 285 (21 ): 2743 -2749 , 6/2001. F ibro mya lgia 1. Arms trong DG , Chapp ell AS, Le TK, Kaj dasz DK, B ackonj a M, D'Sou za DN , Russel l JM[...]

  • Page 20

    35 8. New shan G, L e fko w itz M. Tran sderm al fent anyl f o r chronic pain in AIDS: a pi l o t stu dy. J Pain Symp tom Manage 21 (1): 69- 77, 1/20 01 . 9. Sim monds M J, Nov y D, San dov al R. The di ffere ntia l inf luenc e o f pain and fat igu e on phy s ical perform ance a nd healt h statu s in ambu latory pat ients w i t h huma n imm un odef[...]

  • Page 21

    37 8. Chae J , Masc aren has D , Yu D T, Ki rstein s A, E lovi c EP, F lan agan SR , Harv ey RL, Zo rowit z RD, F ang ZP. Pos tstro ke shou lder pain : its re lati onshi p to motor i mpa i rmen t, ac tiv i t y limi ta tio n, and qual i ty of life. A r ch Ph ys Med Rehab i l 88(3 ) : 298-30 1, 3 / 200 7. 9. Dalp iaz AS, D o d ds TA. M y ofas cial pa[...]

  • Page 22

    39 28. Renzen brink G J, IJz erman MJ. Per cutaneo us ne uromus cular electr i cal stimulation (P-NMES) for tr eating shoulde r pain in chro nic he miplegi a. Ef fects on sho ulde r pai n and qu ality of l i fe. Cl in Rehab i l 18(4 ) : 359-3 65, 6/2004. 29. Saw atzky BJ, Sloboge an GP, Rei lly CW, Cham bers CT, Hol A T. Pr eva l ence of sho ulder [...]

  • Page 23

    41 val pro ate in p at ients with can cer-r e l at ed neuro pathic pain. J Pa i n Symptom M ana ge 21(3 ) : 204 -209, 3 / 20 01. 9. Katz N P, G ammaito ni AR, Da vis MW, Dwo rkin R H. Lid o caine pat ch 5 % redu ce s p a in int ensit y and inter fer enc e with qual ity o f l i fe in pat ie nts with post herpet ic neur algia : an ef fectivenes s tr [...]

  • Page 24

    43 5. Cowan DT, Wi lson-B arne tt J, Griffi ths P , Vau ghan DJ , Gon dhia A, Allan LG. A random ized, double-b l ind, placebo-controlled, cro ss-over pilot study to asse s s the eff ects of long-t e rm op ioid drug co nsum pti on and sub se quent a bs tine nce i n ch roni c non c a ncer pa in pat ients r eceiving controll e d-releas e morph i n e.[...]

  • Page 25

    45 fi nd ings f ro m a pi lo t study. J Opioid Manag 3(3) : 145-154 , 5/20 07. 22. Thi e NM , Pras ad NG, Ma jor PW. Ev aluatio n of glucos amin e sulf ate com pared t o ibupro fen fo r the tre atm e nt o f tem porom and i b ular joint osteoart hrit is: a ran do m ized doubl e bli nd contro lled 3 month clin ica l tri al. J Rhe umato l 28(6) : 1347[...]

  • Page 26

    47 5. Da v ison SN. P ain in hem odial y sis pat ients: pre val ence, cau se, se ve r ity, an d mana gement . A m J Ki dne y Di s 42(6 ): 1239 -1247, 12/2 003. 6. Dell D D, We ave r C, Ko zempel J , Ba rsevi ck A. Re cove ry af t e r tr ansverse r ectus abdom inis m y ocutan eous flap brea st r econ stru ct io n sur gery. Oncol Nu rs Forum 3 5(2): [...]

  • Page 27

    49 placebo-c ontrolled clinical trial. J E p id em io l B ios t a t 5(6 ): 359- 365, 2000. 23. Ti ttle MB, M cM i llan SC, Hag an S. V alid ating the brief pain inve n tory f or use wit h surgical patient s with can cer. Oncol Nur s Fo rum 30 (2): 325 - 330, 3/2003. 24. V an T o ngeren RB, Ha mming JF , Fib be WE , Van W, V , Frerichs SJ, Stigg elb[...]

  • Page 28

    51 acute onc ol og y settin g . A sia-Pa cific Journ al of Clinical Onc o l ogy 3(2 ) : 8 9-94, 6/20 07. 12. Cleelan d CS, Ry an KM. Pain a ssessment: glob a l use of th e Brief Pain In v en t ory. A nn Acad Med Singap ore 23(2 ): 129-1 38 , 3/19 94. 13. Cleelan d CS. P ain assessm ent: t he ad v ant ages of using pai n scal es in ly sosom al stora[...]

  • Page 29

    53 To o l s: Is th e Conte nt Appr opr iate f or Us e in Palli at ive Care ? J Pa i n Symptom M ana ge 32(6 ) : 567 -580, 12 / 2 006. 29. J anjan N A, Payn e R , Gilli s T, Podolo ff D, Libshi tz HI, Lenzi R, Ther iault R, M art in C, Ya sko A. Pre senting sym ptoms in pat ients r e ferr ed to a m ultid is ciplinar y c l inic for bone m etast ases.[...]

  • Page 30

    55 the t i m e tr ade- o ff. Jour nal of Cl inical E pid em iol ogy 60 ( 10 ): 1029 -1033 , 10/2007. 46. Ra dbruch L, Lo i ck G, Kie ncke P, Lin dena G, S abatow ski R , Gr ond S, Lehm ann KA , Cl e eland CS . V al idat i o n of t he Germ an v er sion of th e Br i ef P ain Inventor y . J Pain Sy mptom Ma nage 18( 3) : 1 80-187, 9 /1999. 47. Radbruc[...]

  • Page 31

    57 osteoa rth r i tic pain. J Pai n Symptom M anage 3 1(1): 48-5 7, 1/20 06. 64. Wu EQ , B orton J , Sai d G, Le TK, Mon z B, Rosi l io M, Avo inet S. Estim ated pre valen ce of p eripheral neur op at hy and asso ciated p a i n i n adult s with diab ete s in F r ance. Curr Med Res Opin 23(9 ) : 2 035-2042, 9/2007. 65. Yun YH, Me ndoza T R , Heo DS,[...]

  • Page 32

    59 9. U ki J, Me ndo za T , Cl eel and C S, Na kam ura Y , T ake da F. A br ief can cer pa i n a ssessment tool i n Japan ese: the uti l ity of t he Jap a n e se Br ief P ain In v en t ory--B PI-J. J Pa in Sym ptom Mana ge 16(6): 364-37 3, 12 / 1998. 10. Wa ng X S , Mendo za TR, G ao SZ , Clee land CS. The Chines e ver sion of the Br ief Pain In v [...]

  • Page 33

    61 16. Cleelan d CS. Measurem ent a nd pr ev al ence of pain i n can cer. Sem i n O ncol N urs 1(2 ): 87-92 , 5/1985. 17. Cle ela nd CS. How to t r e at a " cons truc t " . J Pai n Sympt om Ma nage 1(3 ) : 16 1-162, 1986. 18. Cleelan d CS, Lad i n sky JL, Serli n RC, Nugy en CT. Mult i d imens i o nal mea surement of can cer pain: compar [...]

  • Page 34

    63 BR, Stauffe r JW , vo n ST, W hi t e RE, Wi tt er J, Z avis i c S. Int erpretin g th e cl inical imp ortanc e o f treatm ent ou tco m es in chro nic pai n cli nica l trials : IMM P ACT rec ommendati ons . J Pai n 9(2) : 105-121 , 2/2008 . 35. Ewi ng G, Todd C, Rogers M, Barc lay S, M cCabe J , Ma r tin A. Val idation of a s ymptom m easure su i [...]

  • Page 35

    65 51. Li KK, Harri s K, Hadi S, C how E. What s h ou ld be the op tima l cut po int s for m ild, moderat e, and se vere pain ? J ournal of Pall i at iv e Medic i ne 10(6 ) : 1338 - 1 346, 12/200 7. 52. Li KK, Hadi S, Ki r ou-Mau ro A, Chow E. Whe n shou ld we defin e the respons e rates in the tre atment o f bone m etast ases by pa l liativ e radi[...]

  • Page 36

    67 69. Ta n G, J ense n MP, Tho rnby JI, Sh anti BF. V a lidati on of t he Bri ef Pai n In v entory f or chro nic nonmalig nant pain. J Pai n 5(2): 133- 137, 3/2004. 70. Yun YH, P a rk YS , Lee E S , Bang S M , Heo DS, Park S Y, Yo u CH, Wes t K. Vali dati o n of the Ko r ean ve r sion of t he EO RTC Q LQ- C30. Qual L i fe Res 1 3(4): 86 3-868, 5 /[...]