Adaptec RAID 3085 manual

Installation and User’ s Guide SAS, SA T A, and SCSI RAID C ontr ollers[...]

● 2 Copyright ©2007 Adapt ec, Inc. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be re produced, stored in a r etr ieval system, or transm itted in any form or by an y means, electronic, mechanical, photoc opy ing, recor ding or otherwise, w ithout the prior w ritten con sent of Adapt ec, Inc., 691 South Milpitas Bl vd., Milpitas, CA 9503[...]

● 3 Adaptec Customer Suppor t If yo u have questions about installing or using y our Adaptec pr od uct, che ck this document first— you w ill find answers to most o f your q uestions. If you need further assistance, use the support options listed belo w . T o expedite y our ser vice, hav e your compu ter in front of you. T echnical Suppor t Ide[...]

● 4 Limited 3-Y ear Hardw are W arr anty 1. Adaptec, Inc. (“Adaptec”) warrants to the pur chaser of this product that it will be free from d efects in material and workman ship for a period of three (3) years from the date of purchase. If the pr oduct should beco me defective within the w a rranty pe riod, Adapt ec, at its option, will repair[...]

● 5 Regulator y Compliance Statements Federal Communications Commis sion Radio Frequency Interference Statement W ARNING: Changes or modifications to this unit not expressly approved by the party responsible for compliance could void the us er ’s authority to operate the equipment. This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the lim[...]

Contents About This Guide What You Need to Know Before You Begin ................................................... 12 Terminology Used in this Guide ...................................................................... 12 How to Find More Information ....................................................................... 12 Kit Contents and Syst[...]

Contents ● 7 Getting Started Choosing a RAID Level ..................................................................................... 31 Selecting Disk Drives ........................................................................................ 32 Disk Drives for SAS Controllers...............................................................[...]

Contents ● 8 Installing with UnixWare ................................................................................. 53 Installing with VMware .................................................................................... 53 Installing with Fr eeBSD .................................................................................... 54 I[...]

Contents ● 9 Direct-attach Connections ......................................................................... 72 Backplane Connections .............................................................................. 72 SAS Expander Conn ections ........................................................................ 73 How is SAS Different from [...]

Contents ● 10 About Playback Mode ................................................................................ 95 About Record Mode ................................................................................... 96 Creating the Script File Manually .............................................................. 96 Array Definition Block Ke[...]

1 About This Guide In this chapter ... W hat Y ou Need t o Know Befo re Y ou Begin .................................................................... ...... 12 T erminology U sed in this Guide ................................................................... ......................... 12 Ho w to Find M ore Information ...........................[...]

Chapter 1: About This Guide ● 12 What Y ou Need to Know Bef ore Y ou Begin Y ou should be familiar with computer har dwa re, data storage, RAID technology , and the input/output (I/O) technolog y—Small Computer Sy stem Int erface (SCSI), SAS, or Serial A T A (SA T A)—used by your c ontroller . (F or an introduction to SAS, see page 68 .) Y ou[...]

2 Kit Contents and System Requirements In this chapter ... Kit C ontents ................................................................................................................... ......... 14 Syst em Require ments ............................................................................................................ .1 4 This chapter[...]

Chapter 2: Kit Contents and System Requirements ● 14 Kit Cont ents ● Ada p t e c R A I D c on t r ol le r ● RAID Installa t ion CD (bootable), incl uding controller drive rs, and this Gu id e ● Ad aptec Stor age Manage r Installation CD (not bootable), including user guides for Ad aptec Storage Manager and the AR CCONF command line utility [...]

3 About Y our RAID Controller In this chapter ... Abou t the Adaptec 3085 ................................................................................ ......................... 18 Abou t the Adaptec 3405 ................................................................................ ......................... 19 Abou t the Adaptec 3805 ........[...]

Chapter 3: About Y our RAID Controller ● 16 Standard RAID Controller F eatures ● Flash R OM for updates to contr oller firmwar e, BIOS, and the Adaptec R AID Configuration utility ● Disk drive ho t-swapping ● E vent logging and broadcasting including email and SNMP messages ● M ultip le optio ns for cr eating a nd managin g RAID ar rays?[...]

Chapter 3: About Y our RAID Controller ● 17 ● Dual Drive F ailure Pr otect ion (RAID 60 1 ) —A RAID 60 array is similar to a RAID 50 array ex cept that it includes four independe nt sets of par ity data instead of tw o. Adding Enhanced F eatures As y our storage needs change, you can e nhance data prot ection and improv e performance by upgra[...]

Chapter 3: About Y our RAID Controller ● 18 About the Adaptec 3085 The Ad aptec 3085 is a SAS RAID contr oller w ith these features: Form F actor Low-profile MD2 Bus compatibility PCIe PCIe bus width x8 PCIe bus speed 2.5 Gb/s PHYs 8 Standard cache 256 MB DDR2 Connectors, exter nal T wo SAS x4 (SFF-8088) RAID levels 0, 1, 1E, 10, 5, 5EE, 50,6, 60[...]

Chapter 3: About Y our RAID Controller ● 19 About the Adaptec 3405 The Ad aptec 3405 is a SAS RAID contr oller w ith these features: Form F actor Low-profile MD2 Bus compatibility PCIe PCIe bus width x4 PCIe bus speed 2.5 Gb/s PHYs 4 Standard cache 128 MB DDR2 Connectors, inter nal One SAS x4 (SFF-8087) RAID levels 0, 1, 1E, 10, 5, 5EE, 50,6, 60,[...]

Chapter 3: About Y our RAID Controller ● 20 About the Adaptec 3805 The Ad aptec 3805 is a SAS RAID contr oller w ith these features: Form F actor Low-profile MD2 Bus compatibility PCIe PCIe bus width x4 PCIe bus speed 2.5 Gb/s PHYs 8 Standard cache 128 MB DDR2 Connectors, inter nal T w o SAS x4 (SFF-8087) RAID levels 0, 1, 1E, 10, 5, 5EE, 50,6, 6[...]

Chapter 3: About Y our RAID Controller ● 21 About the Adaptec 3 1 205 The Ad aptec 31205 is a SAS RAID contr oller w ith these features: Form F actor Half-size Bus compatibility PCIe PCIe bus width x8 PCIe bus speed 2.5 Gb/s PHYs 12 Standard cache 256 MB DDR2 Connectors, inter nal Three SAS x4 (SFF-8087) RAID levels 0, 1, 1E, 10, 5, 5EE, 50,6, 60[...]

Chapter 3: About Y our RAID Controller ● 22 About the Adaptec 3 1605 The Ad aptec 31605 is a SAS RAID contr oller w ith these features: Form F actor Half-size Bus compatibility PCIe PCIe bus width x8 PCIe bus speed 2.5 Gb/s PHYs 16 Standard cache 256 MB DDR2 Connectors, inter nal Four SAS x4 (SFF-8087) RAID levels 0, 1, 1E, 10, 5, 5EE, 50,6, 60, [...]

Chapter 3: About Y our RAID Controller ● 23 About the Adaptec 4000 The Ad aptec 4000 is a low-profile SAS Zero Channel RAID c ontroller with these features: Form F actor Low-profile MD2 Bus compatibility PCI-X PCI-X bus width 64-bit PCI-X bus speed 133MHz Standard cache 128 MB DDR2 Connectors N/A RAID levels 0, 1, 1E, 10, 5, 5EE, 50,6, 60, JBOD S[...]

Chapter 3: About Y our RAID Controller ● 24 About the Adaptec 4800SAS The A daptec 4800SAS is a SAS RAID controller with these features: Form factor 3/4 length Bus compatibility PCI -X, 3.3 V PCI-X bus width 64-bit PCI-X bus speed 133 MHz PHYs 8 Standard cache 128 MB DDR2 1 1 256 MB also a vailable Connectors One e xter nal 4x multilane (SFF-84 7[...]

Chapter 3: About Y our RAID Controller ● 25 About the Adaptec 4805SAS The A daptec 4805SAS is a SAS RAID contr oller with these features: Form F actor 3/4 length Bus Compatibility PCIe PCIe bus width x8 PCIe bus speed 2.5 Gb/s PHYs 8 Standard cache 128 MB DDR2 1 1 256 MB also a vailable Connectors One e xter nal 4x multilane (SFF-84 70), T wo int[...]

Chapter 3: About Y our RAID Controller ● 26 About the Adaptec 2 420SA The A daptec 2420SA is a SA T A II RAID contro l ler with these features: Note: A low-profile bracket is included with this contro ller . However , this controller ma y not fit in all low-profile systems. Form F actor Half-size Bus compatibility PCI-X, 3.3 V PCI-X bus width 64-[...]

Chapter 3: About Y our RAID Controller ● 27 About the Adaptec 2820SA The A daptec 2820SA is a SA T A II RAID contro l ler with these features: Note: A low-profile bracket is included with this contro ller . However , this controller ma y not fit in all low-profile systems. Form F actor Half-size Bus compatibility PCI-X, 3.3 V PCI-X bus width 64-b[...]

Chapter 3: About Y our RAID Controller ● 28 About the Adaptec 2 130SLP The Ad aptec 2130SLP is a low-profile SCSI c ontroller with these features: F o rm F actor Low-profile MD2 Bus compatibility PCI-X, 3.3 V PCI-X bus width 64-bit PCI-X bus speed 133 MHz Standard cache 128 MB yte embedded DDR me mor y (optional 256MB) Connectors Internal = One 6[...]

Chapter 3: About Y our RAID Controller ● 29 About the Adaptec 2230SLP The Ad aptec 2230SLP is a low-profile SCSI c ontroller with these features: F o rm F actor Low-profile MD2 Bus compatibility PCI-X, 3.3 V PCI-X bus width 64-bit PCI-X bus speed 133 MHz Standard cache 128 MB yte embedded DDR me mor y (optional 256MB) Connectors Internal = T wo 6[...]

4 Getting Star ted In this chapter ... Choosing a RAID Level .......................................................................................................... 31 Selecting Disk Drives .................................................................. ........................................ .... 32 Selecting Cables ........................[...]

Chapter 4: Getting Star ted ● 31 Choosing a RAID Lev el This section provides a brief overvi ew of the RAID levels supported by your A daptec RAID contr oller , including the minimum and maximum numbe r of disk dr iv es required by each. ● RAID 0 (N on-red undant A rray) —Stripes data across multiple disk drives. I mproved performance bu t no[...]

Chapter 4: Getting Star ted ● 32 Selecting Disk Drives W hen selec ting disk drives for y our RAID ar ray , ensure that all th e disk drives ha ve the same performance level. Y ou can use different- sized disk dr iv es in the ar ray , but the array will be limited t o the capacit y of the smallest and slow est disk drive. For mo re information, r[...]

Chapter 4: Getting Star ted ● 33 Selecting Cables This section describes the cable options an d re qu ire me nt s f or yo ur Ada pte c co nt rol l er : ● For SAS cables, see this page. ● SA T A cables, see page 34 . ● SCSI cables, see page 35 . SAS C abl es Y ou need one SAS cable fo r each disk dr iv e you are c onnecting to your A daptec [...]

Chapter 4: Getting Star ted ● 34 Cable c onnectors are k eyed so that yo u can ’t insert them inc or rectly . Ad aptec recommends using only A daptec SAS cabl es. F or more information or to purchase cables, visit the Adaptec W eb site at www .adaptec.c om . SA T A Cabl es Y ou need one straight connector t o st raight connector SA T A cable fo[...]

Chapter 4: Getting Star ted ● 35 All SA T A straig ht connect or to straig ht connect or cables hav e the same connectors, as sho w n in the follo w ing figure, and th e connectors ar e keyed so that y ou can ’t insert them inc or rectl y . Ad aptec recommends using only A daptec SA T A cables. For more info r mation or to purchase cables, visi[...]

Chapter 4: Getting Star ted ● 36 4 Install y our operating system and the c ontroller driver (see page 48 .) 5 Install A daptec Storage Manager and begin to manage y our data storage (see page 61 ). Note: Currently , Adaptec Storage Manager is not suppor ted on F reeBSD. T o create and manage arrays, use the AR C utility . S ee page 63 for more i[...]

5 Installing the Controller and Disk Drives In this chapter ... Before Y o u Begin ............................................................................................................... ..... 38 Installing the Contr oller ...................................................................................................... ... 38 Connectin[...]

Chapter 5: Installing the Controller and Disk Drives ● 38 Before Y ou Begin ● Rea d Safety Information on page 129 . ● Familiarize yourself with your A daptec RAID controller’ s physical featur es and the RAID levels that it supports (see page 15 ). ● Ensure y ou have the right quantit y of disk drives for the RAID level y ou want to use [...]

Chapter 5: Installing the Controller and Disk Drives ● 39 6 Optional —Connect your RAID c ontroller’ s I2C connect or (not available on all models) to an I2C connector on an int ernal backplane or enclosure, using an I2C cable. F or more connection details, see A bout Y our RAID Controller on page 15 . 7 Pr epare and install your int ernal di[...]

Chapter 5: Installing the Controller and Disk Drives ● 40 2 U se internal SAS or mini-SAS cables to attach the disk driv es to the controller . 3 W hen all internal disk drives ha ve been instal led and attached t o the controller , close your computer cabinet, reattach the power cor d, then continue w ith Connecting External Dev ices on page 42 [...]

Chapter 5: Installing the Controller and Disk Drives ● 41 3 W hen all internal disk drives ha ve been installed and connected, close y our computer cabinet, reattach the po wer c ord, then c ontinue with Connecting Ex ternal Dev ic es on page 42 . Connecting Disk Drives t o SA T A RAID Controllers 1 Install your SA T A disk drives, follo w ing th[...]

Chapter 5: Installing the Controller and Disk Drives ● 42 2 Install a terminat or (or enable termination) on the disk drive at the end of each cable, or the end of the cable itself. Re move an y terminators (or disable termination) on disk drives between the ends of eac h cable. Install your SCSI disk drives, follo w ing the instructions in your [...]

6 Creating a Bootable Ar ra y In this chapter ... Setting the Boot Controller .............................................................................................. ...... 44 Creating an A r ray ....................................................................... ....................................... ..... 44 Making Y our Ar ray Bootab[...]

Chapter 6: Creating a Bootable Array ● 44 Setting the Boot Controller Note: If your system won’ t contain more than one bootable controller , skip to the next section, Creating an Array . Y our Adapt ec RAID controlle r suppor ts bootable disk dr iv es and bootable ar rays. T o enable your syst em to boot from either a disk drive or an array co[...]

Chapter 6: Creating a Bootable Array ● 45 4 Select Initialize Drives , then press Ent er . 5 Select at least thr e e disk driv es for the array , press Inse r t for each selected disk drive, then press Ente r . Cautio n: During initialization, all data is delet ed from the disk. Befo re continuing , back up any da ta you want to kee p. 6 Pr ess Y[...]

Chapter 6: Creating a Bootable Array ● 46 Creating an Array with Adapt ec Storage Manager This section describes how to use the A daptec Storage Ma nager configuration w izard to build a RA ID 5 arra y . Note: Y ou will need the Adaptec Storage Manager In stallation CD to complete this task. T o create a RAID 5 array: 1 Insert the Adapt ec Stor a[...]

Chapter 6: Creating a Bootable Array ● 47 7 Review the information that is displayed. Note: In DAS en vironments, Adaptec St orage Manager uses the term lo gical drives when referring to ar rays (see page 12 ). In this example, A daptec Storage M anager has used thir teen equal-sized disk driv es to automaticall y create one logical drive with RA[...]

7 Installing the Driver and an Operating System In this chapter ... Before Y o u Begin ............................................................................................................... ..... 49 Creating a Driv er Disk ............................................................... .......................................... .. 49 Insta[...]

Chapter 7: Installing the Driver and an Operating System ● 49 Before Y ou Begin ● Install and c onnect your Ad aptec RAID contro ller and internal disk drives (see page 37 ). ● Cr eate a bootable array (see page 43 ). ● Crea te a driver disk (see the follo w ing section). Note: For up- to-date operating system ver sion suppor t, visit the A[...]

Chapter 7: Installing the Driver and an Operating System ● 50 ● For OpenSer ver , see page 52 . ● For Solaris, see page 52 ● For U nixW are, see page 53 . ● For VMwar e, see page 53 . ● For Fre e BS D , s e e page 54 . Installing with Windows Note: Y ou will need your Windows Installation CD to complete this task. T o install the Adapt [...]

Chapter 7: Installing the Driver and an Operating System ● 51 Installing with SUSE Linux T o install the Adaptec RAID c ontroller driver while installing SUSE Linux: 1 Insert the first SUSE Installation CD . 2 Res t a r t yo u r c om p ut e r . 3 W hen the SUSE installation selection screen appears, choose the type of installation you want, then [...]

Chapter 7: Installing the Driver and an Operating System ● 52 8 Fr om the lower window menu, select Conti nue , then press Ent er . If the driv er installation process fails, the server console is display ed so you can see the cause of the failure. T o modify disk partitions, apply hot fix es, or perform volume maintenanc e, refer t o your N etW [...]

Chapter 7: Installing the Driver and an Operating System ● 53 Installing with UnixW are Note: Y ou will need your UnixW are Installation CD to complete this task. T o install the dr iv er when installing UnixW are: 1 Insert the U nixW are I nstallation CD . 2 Res t a r t yo u r c om p ut e r . 3 Follo w the on-screen instructions to begin the U n[...]

Chapter 7: Installing the Driver and an Operating System ● 54 Installing with F reeBSD Note: Y ou will need your FreeBSD Installation CD to c omplete this task. T o install the dr iv er when installing FreeBSD: 1 Insert the Fr eeBSD Installation CD . 2 Res t a r t yo u r c om p ut e r . 3 W hen the FreeBSD start screen opens, select 6 to escape t[...]

8 Installing the Driver on an Existing Operating System In this chapter ... Before Y o u Begin ............................................................................................................... ..... 56 Creating a Driv er Disk ............................................................... .......................................... .. [...]

Chapter 8: Installing the Driver on an Existing Operating System ● 56 Before Y ou Begin Before y ou begin, install and connect your A d aptec RAID contr oller and internal disk drives (see page 3 7 ). Y ou must also create a driv er disk (see page 49 ) before you begin installing the controller driv er . Note: For up- to-date operating system ver[...]

Chapter 8: Installing the Driver on an Existing Operating System ● 57 ● For VMwar e, see page 59 . ● For Fre e BS D , s e e page 60 Installing on Windows T o install the dr iv er on Windo ws: 1 Star t or restart Windo ws. Th e Fou nd New Hardw are Wiz ard open s a nd sea rche s fo r t he dr iver . 2 Insert the driver disk, select Floppy drive[...]

Chapter 8: Installing the Driver on an Existing Operating System ● 58 6 At th e Ad d it i o n a l D r i ve r O pt i o n s me n u , s e l e c t Mod i fy , then press Ent er . 7 If aacraid.ham has alread y been detected, delete it. 8 At the Driv er N a me menu, pr ess the Ins er t key. 9 Insert the driver disk, press the Inser t key , then press F3[...]

Chapter 8: Installing the Driver on an Existing Operating System ● 59 Installing on UnixW are T o install the dr iv er on UnixW are: 1 Start your co mputer , then inser t the drive r disk. 2 Begin the dr iv er package installer: pkgadd -d dis kette1 3 At th e i n s ta l l e r p r om p t , t y p e go . 4 Select 1 for the aacraid package. 5 W hen t[...]

Chapter 8: Installing the Driver on an Existing Operating System ● 60 Installing on F reeBSD T o install the dr iv er on FreeBSD: 1 Star t your c omputer . 2 Insert and mount the driver disk: mount -t msdos /dev/fd0 /mnt 3 Copy the driv er package to the /tmp direct or y : cp /mnt/aac-02.0 0.00-x.tgz /tmp 4 Install the drive r package: pkg_add /t[...]

9 Managing Y our Storage Space In this chapter ... About A daptec Storage Manage r .................................................................. ......................... 62 About the A daptec RAID Controller Co nfigur ation Utility ................................................ 62 About the A daptec RAID Configuration Utility ..............[...]

Chapter 9: Managing Y our Storage Space ● 62 About Adapte c Storage Manager Note: Currently , Adaptec Storage Manager is not suppor ted on F reeBSD . T o create and manage arrays, use the AR C utility . See page 63 for more information. Ad aptec Storage Manager is a full-featured softwa re application that helps you build a storage space for y ou[...]

Chapter 9: Managing Y our Storage Space ● 63 About the Adaptec RAID Conf iguration Utility The Ad aptec RAID Configuration (ARC) utility is a BIOS-based utility that yo u can use to create and manage co nt rollers, d isk dr ive s and other d e vices, and arrays. The AR C utility comprises these tools: ● Array Configurat ion Utility (A CU) —Fo[...]

10 Solving Problems In this chapter ... T roubleshooting Checklist ..................................................................................................... 6 5 Silencing the Alarm .................................................................... ........................................ .... 65 Rec overing fr om a Disk Dr ive F ailur[...]

Chapter 10: Solving Problems ● 65 T roubleshooting Checklist If y ou encounter difficulties installing or using y our Adapt ec RAID controller , check these items fir st: ● W ith your comput er powe red off, check the connections to eac h disk dr ive, po wer supply , LED connector , and so on. T r y disconnecting and r e connecting disk driv es[...]

Chapter 10: Solving Problems ● 66 F ailed Disk Drive Prot ected by a Hot Spare W hen an ar ray is pr otected by a hot spar e, if a disk dr iv e in that ar ray fails the hot spar e is automati cally incorporated into the ar ray and tak es over fo r the failed drive. T o reco ver from the failur e: 1 Re move and r epla ce the failed disk driv e (fo[...]

Chapter 10: Solving Problems ● 67 Multiple F ailures in the Same Array Ex cept in RAID 6 and RAID 60 arrays (see page 7 5 ), if more than one disk drive fails at the same time in the same array , the data can ’t be rec over ed. Correct the cause of the failur e or replac e the failed disk dr iv es. Then, restor e your data (if ava il ab l e) . [...]

A Introduction to Serial Attached SCSI In this appendix... T erminolog y U sed in This Chapter ....................................................................................... 69 W hat is SAS? ............................................................. ...................................................... ........ 69 Ho w Do SAS Dev ices [...]

Appendix A: Introduction to Serial Attached SCSI ● 69 T erminology Used in This Chapter For c onv enience, SAS HBA s and SAS RAID controller s are r eferred to generically in this chapte r as SAS cards . HBAs, RAID c ontrollers, disk driv es, and external disk drive e nclosures are r eferred to as end dev ices and expanders ar e referred to as ex[...]

Appendix A: Introduction to Serial Attached SCSI ● 70 How Do SAS De vices Communicate? SAS devices comm unicate w ith each other th rough links. A link is a physical c onnection between tw o phys. As sho w n in the following figure, SAS dev ices c ontain p orts (see page 71 ), ports contain phys , and each ph y contains one transmitter and one re[...]

Appendix A: Introduction to Serial Attached SCSI ● 71 What’s a SAS Port? Note: Because the ph ysical link between SAS devices is from ph y to phy , rather than por t to por t, a “por t” is more of a vir tual concept, di fferent from what is normally considered a por t on other types of RAID controllers and storage devices. A port is one or [...]

Appendix A: Introduction to Serial Attached SCSI ● 72 How are Disk Driv es Identified in SAS? In the BIOS and in the management u t ilities (see Identify ing D isk Dr ives on page 91 ), disk drives ar e identified in the following formats: ● C N X : D e v Y = D e v i c e Y i s a t t a c h e d t o C o n n e c t o r X ( s e e Dir ect-at tach C on[...]

Appendix A: Introduction to Serial Attached SCSI ● 73 Some backplanes support daisy-chain e xpansion to other backplanes. F or example, y ou can daisy-chain (connect one to the next) up t o nine Adaptec S50 enclosures t o a sing le SAS card in a host system. SAS Expander Connections A SAS expander device literally expands the numbe r of end devic[...]

Appendix A: Introduction to Serial Attached SCSI ● 74 How is SAS Different from Parallel SCSI? In summary , although SAS and par allel SCSI both use the SCSI command set, how they mo ve data from one place to another is ve r y different. T o suppor t point-to-point ser ial data transpor t, SAS introduces new typ es of connect ors, cables, connect[...]

B Under standing RAID In this appendix... U nderstanding Drive Segments ............................................................................................. 76 N on-redundant Arr a ys (RAID 0) .................................................................................... ...... 76 RAID 1 Arrays .................... ..................[...]

Appendix B: Understanding RAID ● 76 Understanding Drive Segments A drive s egme nt is a disk dr iv e or portion of a disk dr iv e that is used to create an array . A disk drive can incl ude both RAID seg ments (segments that are part of an array) and available segments. Ea ch segment c an be part of only one lo gical dev ice at a time. If a disk [...]

Appendix B: Understanding RAID ● 77 RAID 1 Arra ys A RAID 1 array is built fr om two disk driv es, where one disk driv e is a mi rror of the other (the same data is stored on each disk driv e). Comp ared to indep endent di sk dr ives, R AID 1 ar rays pro v ide impro ved performance, with tw ice the read rate and an equal write rate of single disk[...]

Appendix B: Understanding RAID ● 78 RAID 10 Arra ys A R AI D 10 a r r ay i s b u il t fro m t wo o r m ore e qu a l- si z ed RA I D 1 a rr a ys . D a ta i n a RA I D 1 0 ar r ay is both str iped and mi rrored. Mirroring provides data protection, and stripi ng improv es performance. Drive segment size is limited t o the size of the smallest disk d[...]

Appendix B: Understanding RAID ● 79 RAID 5 Arra ys A RAID 5 array is bui lt from a minimum o f three disk driv es, and uses data striping and parity data to pr ovide redundancy . P ar ity data pro v ides data prot ection, and str iping impr oves performance. P ar ity data is an error-c orrecting redundancy that’ s used to re-create data if a di[...]

Appendix B: Understanding RAID ● 80 RAID 5EE Arra ys A RAID 5EE array—also known as a hot space —is similar to a RAID 5 array e xcept that it includes a distributed spare drive and must be built from a minimum of four disk driv es. U nlike a hot spar e, a dist ributed spare is striped evenly across the disk driv es w ith the stored data and p[...]

Appendix B: Understanding RAID ● 81 RAID 50 Arra ys A RAID 50 array is built fr om six to fort y-eight disk drives configur ed as two or more RAID 5 arrays, and stripes stored dat a and par ity data across all disk driv es in both RAID 5 arrays. (Fo r more inf or mation, see RAID 5 A r ra y s on page 79 .) Note: Because they support four disk dri[...]

Appendix B: Understanding RAID ● 82 RAID 6 Arra ys A RAID 6 array—also known as dual drive fail ure protection—is similar to a RAID 5 array because it uses data striping and par ity data to provide redundancy . How e ver , RAID 6 arr ays include tw o independent sets of parity data instead of one. Both sets of parit y data are striped separat[...]

Appendix B: Understanding RAID ● 83 Selecting the Best RAID Le vel U se this table to select the RAID levels that ar e most appropri ate for the logical drives on your st or age space, based on the number of available disk driv es and your requirements fo r perfor mance and reliab ilit y . Disk drive usage, read perf or mance, and write performan[...]

C Using the Adaptec RAID Configuration Utility In this appendix... Introduction t o the ARC U t ility ............................................................................................ 85 R unning the ARC U tilit y........................................................................................................ 85 U sing the A CU to[...]

Appendix C: Using the Adaptec RA ID Configuration Utility ● 85 Introduction t o the ARC Utility The AR C utilit y comprises these tools: ● The Array Configuration U t ility (A CU) —F or creating and managing ar rays, and initializing and rescanning disk drives (see page 85 ). Note: Also av ailable—ACU for DOS. See page 93 . ● A -Select Ut[...]

Appendix C: Using the Adaptec RA ID Configuration Utility ● 86 Managing Existing Arra y s T o v iew or modify existing ar rays, select Mana ge Ar r ays from the main A CU menu. Fr om the Manage Arrays menu, y ou can: ● V i ew the proper ti es of an ar ray . Note: F ailed drives are displayed in a different text color . ● Mak e an array bootab[...]

Appendix C: Using the Adaptec RA ID Configuration Utility ● 87 Secure Erasing Disk Drives W hen you perform a secure erase on a disk driv e, al l data on that disk drive is completely and irretrievably eradicated. Secure e r ase performs three distinct writing passes to the disk driv e being erased—it does not just wr ite ze ros. P erforming a [...]

Appendix C: Using the Adaptec RA ID Configuration Utility ● 88 Modifying Y our Contro ller’s Configuration Note: Default controller settings are suitable for most computers. Adaptec recommends that you do not change the default setting. T o modify your co nt roller’ s settings, select Cont roller Con figur ation from the main -Select utility [...]

Appendix C: Using the Adaptec RA ID Configuration Utility ● 89 SAS-specif ic Controller Settings In add ition to the ge neral settings listed on page 88 , y our Adaptec SAS controller has SAS- specific settings that can be modified if r equired. (Fo r more information ab out SAS, see page 68 .) Note: This feature is not av ailable with the Adapte[...]

Appendix C: Using the Adaptec RA ID Configuration Utility ● 90 SCSI-specific Controller Settings In addition to the general settings listed on page 88 , y our Adaptec SCSI c ont roller has SCSI- specific settings that can be modified if required. T o modify SCSI-specific settings, select SCSI Configuration fr om the SCSI Select main menu. SCSI De[...]

Appendix C: Using the Adaptec RA ID Configuration Utility ● 91 F ormatting and V erifying Disk Driv es Y ou can use the disk utilities to low-level format or ve r ify your disk drives. (N ew disk dr iv es are lo w-le vel formatted at the factory and do not need to be low-level formatted again.) Cautio n: Before you format a disk drive, back up al[...]

Appendix C: Using the Adaptec RA ID Configuration Utility ● 92 The location information o f a disk dr iv e is determined by thr ee ty pes of connections: ● Direct attached driv es —The connection is determined by the cable connected to a device, for example CN1 (connector 1) is connected to DEV1 (device 1). F or more infor mation, see Direct-[...]

D Using the Ar ra y Configuration Utility for DOS In this appendix... Getting Star ted ................................................................................................................ ....... 94 W orking in the A CU Using M enus........................................................................................ 94 R unning the A[...]

Appendix D: Using the Array Configuration Utility for DOS ● 94 Getting Started Note: Y ou need a bootable floppy disk to complete this task. The A CU for D OS runs from a floppy disk whic h y ou can create using the R AID Installation CD that came in your A daptec RAID contr ol ler kit. T o create the A CU floppy disk: 1 Inser t your RAID In stal[...]

Appendix D: Using the Array Configuration Utility for DOS ● 95 Running the A CU Using Scripts T o w ork in the A CU usi ng scri pts: 1 Insert the A CU floppy disk (see page 94 ), then star t or restar t your co mputer . The comp uter boots to the DOS comm and line. 2 Ty p e ACU on the command line, sp ecify a script file, and specify eithe r the [...]

Appendix D: Using the Array Configuration Utility for DOS ● 96 About Record Mode Note: Y ou can also create a script file manually (see the following section). In R ecord M ode, the A C U wr ites a RAID c ont roller’ s existing array configuration to a sp ecified script file, which lets you create the same c o nfigur ation by running the A CU i[...]

Appendix D: Using the Array Configuration Utility for DOS ● 97 Arra y Definition Block Ke ywords The array definition block alwa ys beg ins with the keyword A r ray and ends with the keywor d End. The other requ ired ar ray definition k e ywords ar e Dr iv es and T y pe. Array definition keywords and descriptions ar e listed in this table. Array [...]

Appendix D: Using the Array Configuration Utility for DOS ● 98 End K eyword End is a required k eyword, indicating the end of the block. HotspareDrives K eyword Ho tspare Drives is an optional k eyword, specifying the hot spares to assign to the array . The syntax for listing hot spares is the same as the Dr ives K e yword on page 97 . If H otspa[...]

Appendix D: Using the Array Configuration Utility for DOS ● 99 Method Ke yword M ethod is an optional keywo rd, indicating which method t o use when creating a redu ndant (RAID 1, 1E, 10, 5, 5EE, 50, 6 and 60) array . P ossible values: ● Build (the default )—P erform a Build/V er ify pr ocess on the array . T akes longer than Clear , but allo[...]

Appendix D: Using the Array C onfiguration Utility for DOS ● 100 T ype K eyword T y pe is a required keywor d, indicating the ar ray ty pe. There is no default value. The possible values: V olume, RAID0, RAID1, RAID5, RAID10, or RAID50. Depending on the RAID levels supported by y our RAID controller , additional possible values are: RAID1E, RAID5[...]

Appendix D: Using the Array C onfiguration Utility for DOS ● 101 ControllerID K eyword Contr o llerID is an optional k e ywor d to change the SCSI ID of the controller . N or mally , the SCSI controller is assigned SCSI ID 7 on each of its channels. Y ou can spe cify an y ID value between 0 and 7. Cautio n: Do not change the SCSI ID of the contro[...]

Appendix D: Using the Array C onfiguration Utility for DOS ● 102 Sample Scripts This command in vok es the ACU and cr eates arr ay s on controller 1 based on the array keywords defined in the script file A:RAID .A CU . It also configures Channel 0 and sa ves a log of the operation in the log file C:RAID .L O G: A:> ACU /P A :RAID.ACU /L C:[...]

Appendix D: Using the Array C onfiguration Utility for DOS ● 103 # Clear the a rray (don’t buil d/verify it) Method=Clear # Don’t wait for clear to com plete Wait=No # Use drives 0, 1, 2 Drives=0:0:0, 0:1:0, 0:2:0 End Sample Script for SA T A Controllers This is a sample A CU file that w ill initialize all disk dr ives c onnected to the SA T [...]

E Using the Adaptec Flash Utility In this appendix... Syst em Require ments ........................................................................................................... 1 05 Before Y o u Begin ............................................................................................................... ... 105 R unning the Menu-base[...]

Appendix E: Using the Ad aptec Flash Utility ● 105 System R equirements ● MS–DOS version 5.0 or later . Note: Y ou can’t run the AFU from a DOS command prompt window under an y version of Windows. ● At least 8 MB of exte nde d memor y . Compatibility Notes ● Supports HIMEM.SYS; compatible with other DO S drivers running under HIMEM.SY S[...]

Appendix E: Using the Ad aptec Flash Utility ● 106 Creating the Firmware Flopp y Disks Note: Y ou will need at least two bootable MS-DOS floppy disks to complete this task. Y ou can’t create a bootable flopp y disk using Windows 2000. T o create the firm ware floppy disks: 1 Cr eate a bootable MS–DOS floppy disk and c opy these files to it: ?[...]

Appendix E: Using the Ad aptec Flash Utility ● 107 6 Complete the flash operation and restar t your co mputer before tr y ing to use the RAID contr oller again. ( Y ou can not use your RAID con t roller while y ou are updating its flash.) Runni ng th e AFU from the Comm and Line Note: Y ou can also r un a menu-based AFU (see page 106 ). T o run t[...]

Appendix E: Using the Ad aptec Flash Utility ● 108 These switches are a vailable: ● /C <Controller ID> —O ne or more RA ID co nt rol l er I Ds repre se nt in g t he s et of RAI D contr ollers on which to perform the specified c ommand. The default is 0; if the comput er has multiple RAID contro l lers, the AFU defa ults to co nt roller [...]

Appendix E: Using the Ad aptec Flash Utility ● 109 Ve r i f y Compar es the contents of each of the fla sh components on a RAID contr oller to the correspo nding image in a UFI file, and indicates whether they match. Aft er using the VERIFY command, y ou must restart the computer . The command syntax for the VERIFY command is as follows: AFU VERI[...]

Appendix E: Using the Ad aptec Flash Utility ● 110 Updating the Flash Using the AFU Command Line 1 Creat e t he firmware floppy disks (see page 106 ). 2 P owe r off your computer , insert the first AFU floppy disk, then po wer on your c omputer . If your comp uter is n ’t set u p to b oot f rom the bootable floppy disk, ent er the system setup [...]

F Adaptec Serial Controller LED and I2C Connector Reference In this appendix... Ad aptec 2420SA Activity LED and I2C Connector Specification...................................... 112 Ad aptec 2820SA Activity LED and I2C Connector Specification...................................... 113 Ad aptec 3085 LED and I2C Connector Specification ..............[...]

Appendix F: Adaptec Serial Controller LED and I2C Connector Reference ● 112 Adapte c 2 420SA Activity LED and I2C Connect or Specification ● A daptec 2420SA LED B oard Connector: M olex 53398-0490 or equivalent ● LED Mating Cable Connec tor: Molex 5 1021-0400 or equivalent J11: Note: Board circuitr y suppor ts COMMON ANODE backplane implement[...]

Appendix F: Adaptec Serial Controller LED and I2C Connector Reference ● 113 Adapte c 2820SA Activity LED an d I2C Connect or Specification ● A daptec 2820SA LED B oard Connector #1: M olex 53398-0490 or equivalent ● LED Mating Cable Connector #1: Molex 51021-0 400 or equivalent J11: Note: Board circuitr y suppor ts COMMON ANODE backplane impl[...]

Appendix F: Adaptec Serial Controller LED and I2C Connector Reference ● 114 J14: Adapte c 3085 LED and I2C Connector Specification ● A daptec 3085 LED B oard Connector: Mole x 10-89-7162 2.54mm 2x8 Header or equivalent ● LED Mating Cable Connec tor: Molex 22-55-2161 or equi valent J10: Adapte c 3405 LED and I2C Connector Specification ● A d[...]

Appendix F: Adaptec Serial Controller LED and I2C Connector Reference ● 115 ● LED Mating Cable Connec tor: Molex 22-55-2081 or equivalent. J10: ● A daptec 3405 Agg regate A ctiv ity LED B oard Connector: Mo lex 22-28-8022 2.54mm 1x2 RA Header or equi valent. ● LED Mating Cable Connec tor: Molex 50-57-9002 or equi valent. J12: ● A daptec 3[...]

Appendix F: Adaptec Serial Controller LED and I2C Connector Reference ● 116 Adapte c 3805 LED and I2C Connector Specification ● A d aptec 3805 LED Board Connector: Mo l e x 10-89-7162 2.54mm 2x8 Header or equivalent ● LED Mating Cable Connec tor: Molex 22-55-2161 or equi valent J10: ● A daptec 3805 Agg regate A ctiv ity LED B oard Connector[...]

Appendix F: Adaptec Serial Controller LED and I2C Connector Reference ● 117 ● A daptec 3805 Agg regate A ctiv ity LED B oard Connector: Mo lex 22-28-8022 2.54mm 1x2 RA Header or equi valent ● LED Mating Cable Connec tor: Molex 5 0-57-9002 or equivalent J12: ● A d aptec 3805 I2C Board Connector: Mole x 22-43-6030 or equivalent ● I2C Mating[...]

Appendix F: Adaptec Serial Controller LED and I2C Connector Reference ● 118 SFF-8087 Connector J5: Adapte c 3 1 205 LED and I2C Connect or Specification ● A daptec 31205 LED B oard Connector: Mole x 10-89-7162 2.54mm 2x8 Header or equivalent ● LED Mating Cable Connec tor: Molex 2 2-55-2161 or equivalent J10: ● A daptec 31205 LED B oard Conn[...]

Appendix F: Adaptec Serial Controller LED and I2C Connector Reference ● 119 J17: ● A d aptec 31205 Aggregate A c tiv ity LED Board Connector: Mo lex 22-28-8022 2.54mm 1x2 RA Header or equi valent ● LED Mating Cable Connec tor: Molex 5 0-57-9002 or equivalent J11: ● A d aptec 31205 Aggregate A c tiv ity LED Board Connector: Mo lex 22-28-8022[...]

Appendix F: Adaptec Serial Controller LED and I2C Connector Reference ● 120 J7: The following pins are tied t o Sideband Signals of SFF-8087 connector J3 (P orts 0-3) ● A d aptec 31205 I2C Board Connector: Mole x 22-43-6030 or equivalent ● I2C Mating Cable Connect or : Mole x 22-43-3030 or equivalent J8: The following pins are tied t o Sideba[...]

Appendix F: Adaptec Serial Controller LED and I2C Connector Reference ● 121 SFF-8087 Connector J5: SFF-8087 Connector J18: Adapte c 3 1605 LED and I2C Connect or Specification ● A daptec 31605 LED B oard Connector: Mole x 10-89-7162 2.54mm 2x8 Header or equivalent ● LED Mating Cable Connec tor: Molex 2 2-55-2161 or equivalent J10: Pin Number [...]

Appendix F: Adaptec Serial Controller LED and I2C Connector Reference ● 122 ● A daptec 31605 LED B oard Connector: Mole x 10-89-7162 2.54mm 2x8 Header or equivalent ● LED Mating Cable Connec tor: Molex 2 2-55-2161 or equivalent J17: ● A d aptec 31605 Aggregate A c tiv ity LED Board Connector: Mo lex 22-28-8022 2.54mm 1x2 RA Header or equi v[...]

Appendix F: Adaptec Serial Controller LED and I2C Connector Reference ● 123 ● A d aptec 31605 Aggregate A c tiv ity LED Board Connector: Mo lex 22-28-8022 2.54mm 1x2 RA Header or equi valent ● LED Mating Cable Connec tor: Molex 5 0-57-9002 or equivalent J12: ● A d aptec 31605 Aggregate A c tiv ity LED Board Connector: Mo lex 22-28-8022 2.54[...]

Appendix F: Adaptec Serial Controller LED and I2C Connector Reference ● 124 The following pins are tied t o Sideband Signals of SFF-8087 connector J5 (P orts 0-3) ● A d aptec 31605 I2C Board Connector: Mole x 22-43-6030 or equivalent ● I2C Mating Cable Connect or : Mole x 22-43-3030 or equivalent J19: The following pins are tied t o Sideband [...]

Appendix F: Adaptec Serial Controller LED and I2C Connector Reference ● 125 SFF-8087 Connector J5: SFF-8087 Connector J18: SFF-8087 Connector J14: Pin Number Signal I2C Description SGPIO Description B8 SB0_CONB SB0 - 2W_SCL SB0 - SClock B9 SB1_CONB SB1- 2W_SDA SB1- SLoad B10 GND SB2 - Ground SB2 - Ground A9 GND SB3 - Ground SB3 - Ground A10 SB4_C[...]

Appendix F: Adaptec Serial Controller LED and I2C Connector Reference ● 126 Adapte c 4800SAS LED and I2C Connect or Specification ● A daptec 4800SAS Activit y LED Board Connector: M olex 10-89-7102 2.54mm 2x5 H ea der or equivalent ● LED Mating Cable Connec tor: Molex 22-552101 or equi valent J10: Note: Board circuitr y suppor ts COMMON ANODE[...]

Appendix F: Adaptec Serial Controller LED and I2C Connector Reference ● 127 Adapte c 4805SAS LED and I2C Connect or Specification ● A daptec 4805SAS Activit y LED Board Connector: M olex 10-89-7102 2.54mm 2x5 H ea der or equivalent ● LED Mating Cable Connec tor: Molex 22-552101 or equi valent J10: Note: Board circuitr y suppor ts COMMON ANODE[...]

Appendix F: Adaptec Serial Controller LED and I2C Connector Reference ● 128 SFF-8484 Connector J7: 18 INT A_P18 SB4 - Reset 19 INT A _P19 SB5 - Backplane Ad dress Pin Number Signal Description 14 INTB_P14 SB0 - 2W_SCL 15 INTB_P15 SB1- 2W_SD A 16 GND SB2 - Ground 17 GND SB3 - Ground 18 INTB_P18 SB4 - Reset 19 INTB_P19 SB5 - Backplane Addres s Pin [...]

G Safety Infor mation T o ensure your personal safety and the safet y of your equipment: ● K eep your w ork area and the compu ter clean and clear of debris. ● Before opening the syst em cabinet, unplug the power cor d. Electr ostatic Discharge (ESD) Cautio n: ESD can damage electronic components when they are improperly handled, and can result[...]

H T echnical Specifications In this appendix... Envir onmental Spe cifications .............................................................................................. 131 DC P ower R equirements ...................................................................................................... 131 C ur rent R equirements..................[...]

Appendix H: T echnical Specifications ● 131 Environmental Specif ications Note: With a Batter y Backup Unit (BBU), the ambient temperature should not exceed 40 °C Note: Forced airflow is rec ommended. DC Po wer Requirements Current Requirements Ambient temperature without force d airflow 0 °C to 40 ° C Ambient temperature with forced airflow 0[...]

Index A ACU arrays 44 creating arrays 44 , 85 creating bootable arrays 86 initializing d isk drives 86 managing arrays 86 rescanning disk drives 86 secure erasing disk drives 87 stopping a secure erase 87 ACU for DOS 93 to 103 array definition block keywords 97 creating a flo ppy disk 94 menus 94 playback mode 95 record mode 96 sample scripts 102 s[...]

Index ● 133 creating 43 , 86 C cables 33 cards. See controllers CD-ROM Boot Support setting 88 command line in terface (flash utility) 107 command line utility 62 connectors 72 , 91 contents of controller kit 14 Controller SCSI Channel I D setting 90 Controller SCSI Channel Termination setting 90 controllers Alarm Control setting 88 Array Backgro[...]

Index ● 134 E electrostatic discharge 129 Enable Disconnection setting 90 end devices 69 End property 98 enhanced feat ures 17 event log 92 expander connections 73 expander devi ces 69 external devices 42 F failed disk drives 65 multip le arrays 66 multip le disk drives 67 RAID 0 arrays 66 without hot spare 66 feature keys 17 firmware 105 creatin[...]

Index ● 135 P Packetized setting 90 parity 31 Phy Rate setting 89 phys 70 Physical Drives Display During POST setting 88 playback mode 95 Q QAS setting 90 R RAID 16 , 17 non-redundant arrays 76 RAID 0 76 RAID 1 77 RAID 10 78 RAID 1E 16 , 77 RAID 5 79 RAID 50 81 RAID 5EE 16 , 80 RAID 6 16 , 82 RAID 60 17 , 82 RAID controllers. See controllers RAID[...]

Index ● 136 disk driv es 32 Enable Disconnection setting 90 Initiate Wide Negotiation setting 90 Maximum Transfer Rate setting 90 modifying with -Select utilities 90 Packetized setting 90 QAS setting 90 SCSI Parity Checking setting 90 SCSI Parity Checking setting 90 SCSI Select 87 secure erasing disk drives 87 stopping a secure eras e 87 -Select [...]

A daptec, Inc. 691 South Milpitas Boulevard Milpitas, CA 95035 USA ©2005 Adaptec, Inc. All rights reserved. Adaptec and the Adaptec logo are trademarks of Adaptec, Inc. which may be registered in some jurisdictions. Part Number: CDP-00185-01-A, Rev A JB 02/07[...]