Ampro Corporation 486E manual

Little Boar d™/486 e Computer P/N 5001561 R e vision A 4757 H ell yer Avenue , San J ose, CA 95 138 Phone: 4 08 36 0-02 00, FAX : 40 8 360- 02 22, W eb: www. am pro.com[...]

ii TRADEMARKS The Ampr o logo is a registe red trad emark, and Ampro, Co reModul e, Litt le Board, StackP lane, MiniMo dule, an d MiniB ackpla ne are trad emarks of Ampr o Comput ers, Inc . All o ther ma rks are t he prop erty of their re spectiv e comp anies. NOTICE No pa rt of this docu ment ma y be repr oduced , trans mitted, transcrib ed, sto r[...]

iii T able of Contents Preface Introduction ........................................................................................................................................ vii Technical Suppor t .............................................................................................................. ................. vii Introduction [...]

iv I/O Addresse s .................................................................................................................. ........... 2–1 1 Interrupt As signment s .......................................................................................................... .... 2–12 ROM-BIOS Ins tallatio n of the Se rial Ports..........[...]

v Utility Conne ctor (J16) ........................................................................................................ ............ 2–55 PC Speaker..................................................................................................................... ............ 2–5 7 LED Connect ion .................................[...]

vi Onboard Per ipheral s ............................................................................................................ ........ 3–2 Support Software ............................................................................................................... .......... 3–6 Mechanical and Envi ronmental Specif ications .........[...]

vii Preface Introd uctio n This m anu al is f or d esign er s of sy ste ms ba sed o n the Amp ro L ittle Boa rd™/4 86 e sing le bo ard syste m. Th is m anual co ntain s inf orm ation that pe rmi ts use rs to cre ate an e mbed ded syste m custom ized to specif ic requ iremen ts. Inform ation includ es: ! Hardware requirements ! Programm ing in str[...]

viii This pag e lef t in tentio nall y blan k.[...]

1–1 Chapter 1 Introduction General Descr iption The Lit tle Board ™/4 86 e CPU is an exceptionally high integration, high performance, 486DX-based PC/AT comp atible sy stem in the EB X form fac tor. Thi s rugged and h igh qua lity sing le-board system conta ins all the component subs ystems of a PC/ AT motherboard plus the eq uivalent of six PC[...]

Little Bo ard™/48 6 e Technical Manual 1–2 VL-Bus Flat Panel/CRT Display Controller A powe rful and f lexib le loca l bu s video disp lay co ntrol ler in terface s with both flat panel s and CRTs , and offers full software compatibili ty with all popular PC video standards (VGA, Super VG A, and VESA). Al l stand ard re solu tion s up to 128 0 x[...]

Intro ductio n 1–3 Serial Ports Four P C-comp atible RS-2 32C seria l ports are s tanda rd. Se rial Por t fe ature s inclu de: ! 16C550- type UAR Ts ! UARTs are eq uipped with 16-byt e FIFO ! Support f or 115K baud rate s ! Onboard volta ge converters provide the R S-232C volta ge levels from the singl e 5 volt supply ! COM2 can be jumper configu[...]

Little Bo ard™/48 6 e Technical Manual 1–4 Ethernet LAN Interface The Ethernet LAN i nterface uses Carrier Sense, Multipl e Access/Collision Det ect (CSMA/CD) for node access and operat es at a 10M-bits/s econd data rate. The Ethernet i nterface has the followi ng features: ! Contains the logic necessary to send and receive dat a packets ! Cont[...]

Intro ductio n 1–5 Modular PC/104 Expansion Bu s The Lit tle Board /48 6 e CPU p rovid es a PC/1 04-comp atib le ex pansio n bu s for ad ditio nal sys tem functio ns. Th is bu s i s a comp act ve rsion of the st andard PC I SA bu s and of fers compact , self - stacki ng, modular expandability. The growing list of PC/10 4 modules available from Am[...]

Little Bo ard™/48 6 e Technical Manual 1–6 HA LT Testing The Lit tle Board /48 6 e CPU w as subj ecte d to Highly Acce lerated Life Te sting ( HA LT) as a p art of its Engineering Qual ification. An independent fi rm using a standardized procedure performed test ing. HALT testi ng is used during the development of a product t o identify its tem[...]

Intro ductio n 1–7 Software The Lit tle Board /48 6 e CPU can use most commercial and public-domain software developed for the IBM PC and PC/AT. Software development tools such as editors, compilers, and debuggers can be used to d eve lop app lica tion cod e. Sy stem re quireme n ts can be quic kly tailo red to y our n eed s using these standa rd[...]

Little Bo ard™/48 6 e Technical Manual 1–8 Little Boar d Deve lopme nt Plat form Whatever your L ittle Board application, t here is always a need for an engineering devel opment cycle. To help developers quickly assemble an embedded system, Ampro’s Little Board Development Platform provides devel opers with tools to manage development and ass[...]

2–1 Chapter 2 2 2 2 Product Reference Ov e rv ie w This chap ter co ntain s the techn ical inf orm ation re quired to in st all and co nfig ure the Little Bo ard ™/48 6 e CPU . The inform ation inclu des: ! Power Connector ! DRAM memory ! Serial Por ts ! Bi-direct ional parallel port ! Floppy disk interfa ce ! IDE hard disk interface (Compac t [...]

Little Bo ard ™/48 6 e Technical Manual 2–2 Table 2–1 . Connector Us age Summ ary Connector Function Size Key Pin P1A/ B PC/104 Ex pans io n Bus 64-Pin B10 P2C/D PC/104 Ex pans io n Bus 40-pin C19 J2 Compac t Flas h Card 50-pin J3 Flat Pane l Video 50-pin 35 J4 LCD Bias Sup ply Connector 12-pin 3, 10 J5 CRT Vid eo 10-pin None J6 RS-4 85 2-pin[...]

Product Reference 2–3 Shaded connector pi ns indicate key pins. Default settings for jumpers are in parenthesis. ) Figure 2–1. Co nnector and J umper Locati ons J4 LCD Bi as Supply J5 CR T Video J3 F lat Panel V id eo P1 P2 J6 RS -485 J2 Compac t Fl ash Car d J16 Uti l it y/ Keyboa rd J12 IDE Hard Di s k J14 F loppy J7 E thernet J1 1 Serial 1 &[...]

Little Bo ard ™/48 6 e Technical Manual 2–4 Jumper Configuration Option s Ampro inst alls opti onal jumpers in default positions so that t he Little B oard/486 e CPU requires no special jumperin g for immediate operati on. Jumper-pin arrays are designated W1 , W2, and so forth. Jumper pins have a 2mm pitch. A square solder pad i dentifies pin 1[...]

Product Reference 2–5 Table 2–3 . Little Board/ 486e I/O Map I/O A ddress Function 3F8h - 3FFh Prim ar y seria l port 3F2h - 3F 7h Floppy disk controller ports 3F2: FDC D igital outp ut regis ter 3F4: FDC Main s tatus re gister 3F5: FDC D ata reg ister 3F7: FDC Control re gister 3F0h - 3F 1h Ampr o reser ved 3E8h - 3EFh Thir d seri al port 3D0h[...]

Little Bo ard ™/48 6 e Technical Manual 2–6 DC Pow er Power the module by connecting the DC power supply to the PC/104 expan sion bus and connect the voltages to J10. Refer to Table 2 –4 for power connections and Table 2 –5 for mating connector information . Table 2–4. J1 0 Pow er Con nector Pin Connection 1 +12VD C ±5% inpu t 2, 3 G rou[...]

Product Reference 2–7 Power Requirements The Lit tle Board /48 6 e CPU operates on +5VDC (±5 %). The ±9V RS-232 vol tages are generat ed on board. The exa ct power requirement of the Little Board/486 e CPU sys tem d epe nds o n sev eral factors such as: ! Amount of inst alled D RAM ! Number of installe d by te-wide memory devices ! Peripheral c[...]

Little Bo ard ™/48 6 e Technical Manual 2–8 Powerfail Monitor The Lit tle Board /48 6 e CPU has a built-in powerfail circuit that generates a clean reset signal if powe r falls be low 4 .65V. I t guar antee s a minimu m 140 m S rese t sig nal, inde pend ent of how lo ng the po wer fall s belo w the 4.65 V th resh old. To enable the powerfail ci[...]

Product Reference 2–9 DRAM There is no DRAM soldered on b oard. The Little B oard/486 e CPU wil l sup por t up to 64 M byte of system DRA M. A sing le ve rtic al 1 68-pin DI MM socket supp ort ing sy mm etric al E DO 3. 3V m odu les is used . When the syst em boots, the BIOS measures the amount of memory i nstalled a nd configures the internal me[...]

Little Bo ard ™/48 6 e Technical Manual 2–10 Table 2–6 . Little Board/ 486e Memory Map Memory A ddress Function 0100000h – 3FFFFFFh Extended mem ory 00F0000h - 00FFFFFh 64K ROM BIOS 00D0000h - 00EFFFFh Byte-wide socket S0, if enabled, otherwise, f ree 00CC000h – 00CFFFFh Onboard BIOS Expansion Flash device for Ethernet boot PRO M c ode 00[...]

Product Reference 2–11 Serial Ports (J11 , J13) Four RS-232C serial ports are incl uded on the Little Board/486 e CPU. Serial port 2 provides an option al RS-485 seri al interface. Both serial port s support sof tware selec table st andard baud r ates up to 1 15.2K baud , 5-8 d ata bits, an d 1, 1.5, o r 2 st op b its. The IE EE RS2 32C sp ecif i[...]

Little Bo ard ™/48 6 e Technical Manual 2–12 Interrupt Assi gnments Interrupt 4 (IRQ4) is assigne d to Ser ial 1 and Inte rrup t 3 (IRQ 3) to Serial 2 . Th ese assign ment s can be di sabled , but they canno t be ch ang ed. Ser ial 3 and Ser ial 4 c an sh are their in terrup ts, u sing a “wired-or” confi guration, they can use independent I[...]

Product Reference 2–13 ROM-BIOS In stallation of the Serial Ports The RO M BIO S normally sup port s Ser ial 1 as the DOS COM1 d evice , Seri al 2 a s the DOS COM2 device, and so o n. If a seri al por t is disa bled and there i s no sub stitu te ser ial po rt in the sys tem, the ROM-BI OS a ssig ns th e CO M de sig natio ns a s it f ind s th e se[...]

Little Bo ard ™/48 6 e Technical Manual 2–14 Table 2–8. Serial Port C onnec tors (J11, J 13) Ports Pin Signal Name Function In/Out DB25 Pin DB9 Pin Seria l 1 (J11) or Seria l 3 (J13) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 DCD DSR RXD RTS TXD CTS DTR RI GND N/A Data Carr ier Detect Data Set R ead y Receive D ata Request T o Sen d Transm it Data Clea r to Send D[...]

Product Reference 2–15 Configuring Serial 2 for RS-485 (J6, W5, W6) Serial 2 provides circu itry for both an R S-232C and R S-485 interface. The port can be configured to support eit her interface using jumpers . The RS-232C interface a ppears on J11. The RS-48 5 interface appea rs on the two- pin conne ctor, J 6. Tab le 2–10 show s the pinou t[...]

Little Bo ard ™/48 6 e Technical Manual 2–16 The RS -485 interface specif ication req uires that both ends of t he twisted-pai r cable be terminat ed with 100 -ohm resistors. You can terminat e the RS-485 int erface on J6 with a resis tor provided on the Lit tle Bo ard/48 6 e CPU. To termina te the line , in stall a jump er on W6, se e T able 2[...]

Product Reference 2–17 Using the RS-485 Interface The RS- 485 in terface allow s half -duple x op eratio n usin g a 5 VD C dif feren tial interface . Thi s interface provi des greater immunity against noise and interference than singl e-wire interfaces and can drive cable leng ths u p to 4000 fe et rel iably a t 57. 6K bp s. All commun ication , [...]

Little Bo ard ™/48 6 e Technical Manual 2–18 Multidrop Net work More th an two device s sh are an RS-4 85 s ignal pair, f or both tr ansmi ssion and rece ptio n of d ata. Only one device is permitted to talk at any one time. As with simpl e bi-directional communicat ion, the boa rd’s RS-485 trans ceiver is placed i n receive mode unless it is[...]

Product Reference 2–19 Note Some programs that emulate an ASCII terminal do not properly support the ba sic A SCII comm and f unct ions show n in Table 2–14. Ampro provides a s uitable PC terminal emulator progra m, TVTERM, on the Commo n Ut ilitie s di ske tte. The keyboa rd and screen of the terminal become the syst em console after system bo[...]

Little Bo ard ™/48 6 e Technical Manual 2–20 Serial Booting and Serial Programming Serial consol e functionality has been expa nded to incorporate two addit ional features useful i n embedded applicat ions. ! The serial boot f acil ity en able s the Li ttle Board/ 486 e CPU to boot from code downloaded through a serial port in a manner similar [...]

Product Reference 2–21 Bi-Directional Par allel Port The Lit tle Board /48 6 e CPU incorporate s a standard PC b i-directional parallel port a t connector J15. This port supports two modes of operation: ! Standard PC/AT print er port (output only) ! PS/2 comp atible bi-d irecti onal parallel p or t (SP P) Information abo ut para llel po rt con fi[...]

Little Bo ard ™/48 6 e Technical Manual 2–22 ROM-BIOS Installation of Parallel Ports LPT1 is normal ly assigned t o the primary parallel port by the BIOS, LPT2 to t he secondary parallel port if present, and so on. However, t he BIOS scans the standard address es for parallel ports and as signs LP T desig natio ns in th e or der it find s th em[...]

Product Reference 2–23 ;---------------------------------------------------------- ; Code to change the parallel port d irection to input ;---------------------------------------------------------- MOV DX,37Ah IN AL,DX OR AL,20h ;set bit 5 OUT DX,AL ; ;---------------------------------------------------------- ; Code to change the parallel port d[...]

Little Bo ard ™/48 6 e Technical Manual 2–24 Parallel Port Interrupt Enable Bit 4 in the cont rol register (see Tabl e 2–18) enables the para llel port interrupt. If this bit is high, then a rising edge on t he -ACK (IRQ) line produces an interrupt on the interrupt IRQ7 (or IR Q5 if configured as the seconda ry port). . Table 2–1 8. Paralle[...]

Product Reference 2–25 Parallel Port Connector (J15) Conne ction to the p aralle l po rt is throug h conn ector J 15. Table 2–19 de tai ls th e J15 pino ut an d signal d efini tions . Use a flat r ib bon ca ble be twee n J15 an d a f emale DB2 5 conne ctor. The table describe s the co nne ction s fr om the heade r p ins to the D B2 5 conne ctor[...]

Little Bo ard ™/48 6 e Technical Manual 2–26 Note For maximum reliabil ity, keep the cable between t he board and the device it drive s to 10 fee t or less in leng th. Register Bit Definitions Table 2– 21 defines the regi ster bits shown i n the Sign al Name or Func tion column of T able 2–19. Table 2–2 1. Standard an d PS/2 Mode Reg iste[...]

Product Reference 2–27 Flopp y Disk Inter face The onboar d floppy disk controller a nd ROM BIOS support one or two floppy dis k drives in any of the stan dard DOS fo rmat s sh own in Ta ble 2 –22. Table 2–2 2. Supporte d Floppy For mats Capacity Driv e Size Tracks Data Rate 360K 5- 1/4 inc h 40 250 k Hz 1.2M 5-1/4 i nch 80 500 k Hz 720K 3- 1[...]

Little Bo ard ™/48 6 e Technical Manual 2–28 Floppy Interface Configuration The floppy int erface is configured using S ETUP to set the number and type of floppy drives conn ected to the sy stem . Refe r to the SETU P se ctio n la ter in th is ch apter fo r detai ls. If the floppy i nterface is not used, disable it in SE TUP. This frees it s I/[...]

Product Reference 2–29 IDE Hard Disk In terfac e The Lit tle Board /48 6 e CPU provides an interface for one or two Int egrated Device Electroni cs (IDE) hard disk drives. IDE drives, the most popular and cost-effective t ype of hard drive currently available , have an in ternal hard di sk co ntroller . There are also many CD -ROM drive s des ign[...]

Little Bo ard ™/48 6 e Technical Manual 2–30 Table 2–25. IDE Driv e I nterf ace C onnec tor ( J12) Pin Signal Name Function In/Out 1 -HOST RESET Reset s ignal f rom host OUT 2 G ND Ground OUT 3 HOST D7 Data bit 7 I/O 4 HOST D8 Data bit 8 I/O 5 HOST D6 Data bit 6 I/O 6 HOST D9 Data bit 9 I/O 7 HOST D5 Data bit 5 I/O 8 HOST D10 Data bit 10 I/O [...]

Product Reference 2–31 Table 2–25. IDE Driv e I nterf ace C onnec tor ( J12) (c onti nued) Pin Signal Name Function In/Out 33 HOST A1 Drive addr ess 1 OUT 34 RSVD Reserved N/C 35 HOST AD0 Dr ive addr ess 0 OUT 36 HOST AD2 Dr ive addr ess 2 OUT 37 -HOST CS0 Chip se lect OUT 38 -HOST CS1 Chip se lect OUT 39 -HOST SLV/ACT Drive active/drive slave [...]

Little Bo ard ™/48 6 e Technical Manual 2–32 Compact F lash Solid-S tate Disk The Lit tle Board /48 6 e connector J2 supports a Compact Flash device, a solid-state IDE hard-dis k emulator. It act s as a re mova ble ha rd-dis k drive. Y ou c an forma t, read , and wr ite the Comp act Flash device much as you would a standard IDE drive. Enabling [...]

Product Reference 2–33 Flat Panel/C RT Vide o Control ler The Lit tle Board /48 6 e CPU provides an integrated high-performance super VGA video controller that sup por ts bo th CRT and f lat pan el d isp lays. Table 2–27 pro vides a su mmary of th e V ideo Interface connectors a nd their specific use and features are describ ed in the following[...]

Little Bo ard ™/48 6 e Technical Manual 2–34 Table 2–28. CRT Interface Co nnector (J5) J5 Pin Signal Name DB-15 DB-9 1R e d 1 1 2 Ground 6 6 3 Green 2 2 4 Ground 7 7 5B l u e 3 3 6 Ground 8 8 7 Horizo ntal S ync. 13 4 8 Ground 10 9 9 Ver tica l S ync. 14 5 10 +5V Po wer with Fuse _ _ Table 2–2 9. J5 Mating Conn ectors Part Description Matin[...]

Product Reference 2–35 Connecting a Flat Panel (J3) Signals f or a w ide r ange of flat pane l disp lays , bo th color and g ray sca le, ap pear on co nnecto r J3. Although fla t panels of a simila r type use similar sets of signals from the video controll er, they do not share a standardized interface connect or pin configuration. The names of p[...]

Little Bo ard ™/48 6 e Technical Manual 2–36 Table 2–3 0. Flat Panel Vid eo Connect or (J3) Pin Signal Name Description 2, 34, 37 +5V +5 Volt sup pl y from the L ittle Board/ 486 e CPU 3 +12 V +12 Volt sup ply from J10 5 ShfClk Shif t Cloc k. Pix el c lock f or f lat panel data. Som etim es called Video C lock . 7 M M signa l for pan el AC dr[...]

Product Reference 2–37 Table 2–3 1. J3 Mating Conn ectors Part Description Mating Connector Ribbon 3M 4325-7600 Discrete W ire MOLEX Hous ing 5 5-2 2-2502 PIN 16-02-0 103 Power Sequencing Some LCD panels can be damaged when the Vee bias supply is applied to the LCD substrate withou t fir st en ablin g th e co ntrol and d ata line s. Thi s c an [...]

Little Bo ard ™/48 6 e Technical Manual 2–38 BIOS Support of Non-Standard Panels Ampro supplies flat panel BIOS images for many popular LCD panels. The chosen panel BIOS is selected usi ng SETUP. If an unsupported panel is desired, the standard video BI OS must be modified to s upport the panel. Ampro can provide a BIOS modification kit to make[...]

Product Reference 2–39 LCD Bias Supply Option The LC D Bias supp ly o ption i s a small c ircui t board th at sup plie s Ve e po wer to an LCD disp lay. The boa rd converts the +5V from the Littl e Board/486 e CPU to the Vee voltage (bet ween 15V – 35V) requ ired by many LCD p ane ls. Th is v oltage is av aila ble on flat p ane l conne ctor J3.[...]

Little Bo ard ™/48 6 e Technical Manual 2–40 Note Incorrect Vee polarity or voltage can damage an LCD panel. Set the polarit y and voltage on the Vee suppl y before connecting the LCD panel. Attaching an External Contra st Control Vee co ntro ls the contr as t of the LCD di splay . D o no t conf use thi s with a ba cklig ht that i llumin ate s [...]

Product Reference 2–41 Example: Suppose t he following Vee va lues are shown i n the panel’s data sh eet: Vee max = 24V Vee min = 20V Calcula te the required res istor values as follows: Ra = (270 / (24 / 1.5) –1) –12 Ra = 6K ohm s Rb = (270 / (20 / 1.5) –1) –12 –6 Rb = 3.9K ohms[...]

Little Bo ard ™/48 6 e Technical Manual 2–42 Ethernet Ne tw ork Interface This sectio n di scu sse s the hard wa re and so ftwar e co nsid era tion s whe n se tting up a ne two rk u sing the Ethernet LA N interface. Addit ional information on Et hernet standards is a vailable from IEEE Customer S ervice: IEEE Custome r Service 445 Hoe s Lan e P[...]

Product Reference 2–43 Installing an Etherne t Boot PROM Most net work interface cards provide a mea ns for installing a boot PROM. The boot PROM code enables t he node to boot from a network server, much like the BIOS boots from a local hard disk or floppy. Install this devi ce in S0. Boot PR OM code varies from one network operating syst em to [...]

Little Bo ard ™/48 6 e Technical Manual 2–44 Installing a Boot PROM The Lit tle Board /48 6 e CPU c an be config ured for a boot PROM by in stall ing th e bo ot PRO M in byte-wid e socket S0. Installing a Boot PROM in Byte-Wide Socket S0 Install a LAN b oot PROM in byte-wi de socket S 0. The b oot PROM code is run a t boot t ime as a BIOS exten[...]

Product Reference 2–45 many indu stry supplie rs. Stand ard RJ 45 conne cto rs are used fo r all conne ctions in a tw iste d-pair cable ne twork. Twi sted-p air E therne t cable s must be 1 00 mete rs or less betwee n any n ode and hu b or repeater. Using Network Opera ting Systems (NOS) The most common method of us ing the Little Board/486 e Eth[...]

Little Bo ard ™/48 6 e Technical Manual 2–46 Network OS Drivers Etherne t drive rs p rovid ed o n the U til ities d is kette are l isted in Ta ble 2–34. The table which d riv er to use for various NOSs. Driver insta llation procedures vary from one network operating system to anot her. No detailed description can be given here. Follow the ins[...]

Product Reference 2–47 Manufacturer’s Etherne t ID Ethernet ne twor k ad apter and in terface manuf acturer s are assign ed a un ique manuf acturer’ s ID by the IEEE Standa rds Of fice. A netw ork ad dre ss con sists of 48 bits. The up per 24 bi ts are the manufactu rer’s ID and the low er 24 b its are the bo ard’s unique ID. Developers c[...]

Little Bo ard ™/48 6 e Technical Manual 2–48 Byte-Wid e Socke t (S0) The Lit tle Board /48 6 e CPU h as a 32-pin o nbo ard by te-w ide memo ry soc ket des igna ted S0 . T h is socket supports 32-pin DIP JEDEC pin out memory devices, includ ing EPROM, FLASH EPRO M, SRAM, and nonvolatile RAM (NOVRAM) devices. A memory de vice ins talled in th e b[...]

Product Reference 2–49 Addressing the Byte-w ide Socket Use SETUP to sp ecify the size and starting address of the byte-wide socket , and whether the BIOS enables the socke t up on sy stem ini tializ ation . T able 2–36 lis ts the p ossib le se ttin gs for size s and address ranges of t he byte-wide socket . Note When t he byte-wide s ocket is [...]

Little Bo ard ™/48 6 e Technical Manual 2–50 Performance Issues Executing programs di rectly from the byte-wide socket can adversely a ffect system performance. There are a numb er of factors that can contribute to the performance i mpact: ! The byte -wide dev ice i s sub stan tially slow er th an D RAM, as i t is an 8-bit de vice in stead of 3[...]

Product Reference 2–51 Table 2–37. Segm ent A ddres sing i n Lar ge Memory Devic es Device Size 64KB Segments Segment A ddress (Upper Nibble of BH) 128K 2 FIRST BH =00h SECOND BH=1 0h 256K 4 FIRST BH=0 0h SECOND BH=1 0h THI RD B H=20 h FOURTH BH=30h 512K 8 FIRST BH =00h SECOND BH=1 0h THI RD B H=20 h FOURTH BH=30h FIFTH BH=40h SIXT H BH=5 0h SE[...]

Little Bo ard ™/48 6 e Technical Manual 2–52 Jumpering the Byte-Wide Socket You must jumper the byte-wide sock et for the devices you install. Jumper array W2 configures S0 for a par ticular d evice ty pe. Table 2–38 show s ho w to in stal l jumpe rs for supp orted me mory devices. Table 2–3 8. EPROM Jumper ing for S0 (W 2) EPROM Typical De[...]

Product Reference 2–53 Using EPROMs )If you instal l an EPROM in socket S0, make sure t he jumper on W2 is set properly. Some EPROMs draw curren t thro ugh the ir chip sele ct line s (or o ther pin s) whe n pow ered d own. Ta ble 2–40 lis ts the Flash EP ROM jumpering for S0. Table 2–40. F las h EPROM Ju mperin g for S0 Flash EPROM Typical De[...]

Little Bo ard ™/48 6 e Technical Manual 2–54 Using SRAMs The ex tern al ba ttery p owe r i s com bined with the inter nal batte ry u sing low f orwar d vo ltage dro p Schottk y diodes. Table 2 –41 lists the SR AM and NOVRAM jumpering for S0. Table 2–41. SRA M and NO VR AM Jum per ing f or S 0 SRA M Typical Dev ices Pins Jumper Diagram 128K [...]

Product Reference 2–55 Utilit y Connector (J16) 10 func tions appe ar on the 1 6-pin conne ctor at J16 : ! Auxiliary power connections ! Power indicator LED ! PC speake r ! Push- but ton re set swi tch ! Standard PC keyboard interface ! External back-up b attery for the real-time clock Table 2– 42 shows the pinout and si gnal definitions of the[...]

Little Bo ard ™/48 6 e Technical Manual 2–56 Table 2–42. Uti lity Connec tor (J16) Pin Signal Name Function 1 -12V power Con nect extern al –1 2V sup pl y here f or dis tribut ion to expans ion c ards ne edin g this vo ltage 2 G round Ground retur n 3 -5V power Connect extern al –5 V s uppl y here f or dis tr ibution to expans ion c ards [...]

Product Reference 2–57 PC Speaker The Li ttle Board’ s motherboar d logic includes a standa rd AT-compatible sp eaker port. T he speaker logic sig nal is buffe red by a tr ansisto r amp lifier, and pr ovide s abo ut 100 mW o n J16- 9 to an external 8 -ohm speaker. Connect the other si de of the speaker to ground, J16-10 . The audi o output is b[...]

Little Bo ard ™/48 6 e Technical Manual 2–58 Batter y -Bac ked Clock An AT-compatib le battery-backed real -time clock (with CMOS RAM) is sta ndard on the Little Bo ard /486 e CPU . A 3.6-v olt Lith ium batter y con necte d to the U til ity Conn ec tor, J 16, can power the clock. Battery drain for the clock is less than 1 uA. This battery wil l[...]

Product Reference 2–59 Watchd og Timer The purpose of a watchdog timer is to restart the syst em should some mishap occur. Possib le problems in clude: ! A failure to b oot properly ! Application software losing control ! Temporary power su pply problems including spikes, surges, or i nterference ! Failure of a n interface device ! Unexpected con[...]

Little Bo ard ™/48 6 e Technical Manual 2–60 Note If you use the MS-DOS opera ting system, you cannot use the watchdog ti mer to monitor the boot process . MS-DOS resets the alarm clock in the real -time clock at boot time. The fo llowin g as sembly langu ag e rou tine i llustr ate s how to re set the w atch dog time r u sing the standard PC BI[...]

Product Reference 2–61 To use the NMI I/O Channel Check i n a custom Watchdog Ti mer handler routine, the standard NMI handler would have to be replaced with your custom code. If a customer supplied NMI interrupt service routine is ins talled, it can te st to see if the I/O Channel Check NMI occurred by reading I/O port 61h, b it 6. Bit 6 is true[...]

Little Bo ard ™/48 6 e Technical Manual 2–62 AT Expansi on Bus The PC/A T ex pan sion bus app ears o n a p air of h eader conne cto rs at P1 and P 2. P1 is a 64- pin female dual -row header. P2 is a 40-pi n female dual-row header. Pins from both headers extend through the board, providing male connections for PC/104-compli ant peripherals or ot[...]

Product Reference 2–63 Onboard MiniModule Expansion One or more Ampro MiniModule products or other PC/104 modules can be instal led on the Little Bo ard /486 e expansion connectors. When install ed on P1 and P2, the expansion modul es fit within the L ittle Bo ard /486 e ’ s outline dimensions. M ost Ampro MiniModule products have stackthr ough[...]

Little Bo ard ™/48 6 e Technical Manual 2–64 Bus Expansion Guideline s Expandin g a Li ttle Bo ard/48 6 e CPU c an be accomplished by connecting short ribbon cables to the header connectors. There are restrictions when atta ching peripherals to the expansion bus with ribbon c ables. If cables are t oo long or improperly terminated, noise and cr[...]

Product Reference 2–65 Expansion Bus Connector Pinouts Tables 2–34 throug h 2 –37 show th e pin out and sign al func tion s on the PC/104- comp liant e xpan sion bus connectors. The expansion bus pin numbers shown in the following ta bles correspond to the scheme normally used on ISA expansion bus card sockets. Rather than numerical designati[...]

Little Bo ard ™/48 6 e Technical Manual 2–66 Table 2–4 6. AT Expansi on Bus Conn ector, A1-A3 2 (P1) Pin Signal Name Function In/Out Current PU/PD/S * A1 A2 A3 A4 A5 A6 A7 A8 A9 A10 A11 A12 A13 A14 A15 A16 A17 A18 A19 A20 A21 A22 A23 A24 A25 A26 A27 A28 A29 A30 A31 A32 IOCHCK* SD7 SD6 SD5 SD4 SD3 SD2 SD1 SD0 IOCHRDY AEN SA19 SA18 SA17 SA16 SA[...]

Product Reference 2–67 Table 2–4 7. AT Expansi on Bus Conn ector, B1-B3 2 (P1) Pin Signal Name Function In/Out Current PU/PD/S * B1 B2 B3 B4 B5 B6 B7 B8 B9 B10 B11 B12 B13 B14 B15 B16 B17 B18 B19 B20 B21 B22 B23 B24 B25 B26 B27 B28 B29 B30 B31 B32 GND RESETDRV +5V IRQ9 -5V DRQ2 -12V ENDXFR* +12V Key SM EM W * SM EMR * IO W IOR DACK3* DRQ3 DACK1[...]

Little Bo ard ™/48 6 e Technical Manual 2–68 Table 2–4 8. AT Expansi on Bus Conn ector, C0-C1 9 (P2) Pin Signal Name Function In/Out Current PU/PD/S * C0 C1 C2 C3 C4 C5 C6 C7 C8 C9 C10 C11 C12 C13 C14 C15 C16 C17 C18 C19 GND SBHE LA23 LA22 LA21 LA20 LA19 LA18 LA17 MEMR* MEMW * SD8 SD9 SD10 SD11 SD12 SD13 SD14 SD15 Ke y Ground Bus H igh Enab l[...]

Product Reference 2–69 Table 2–4 9. AT Expansi on Bus Conn ector, D0-D1 9 (P2) Pin Signal Name Function In/Out Current PU/PD/S * D0 D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 D8 D9 D10 D11 D12 D13 D14 D15 D16 D17 D18 D19 GND MEMCS16 * IOCS16* IRQ10 IRQ11 † IRQ15 IRQ14 DACK0* DRQ0 DACK5* DRQ5 DACK6* DRQ6 DACK7* DRQ7 +5V MAST ER* GND GND Ground 16-bi t Mem A ccess 1[...]

Little Bo ard ™/48 6 e Technical Manual 2–70 Interrupt and DMA Channel Usage The AT bus provi des several interrupt and DMA control signals. When the system is expanded wit h MiniModule products or plug-in cards that requ ire either interrupt or DMA support, interrupt or DMA chan nels mu st be specif ical ly se lecte d. Thi s typ ically involv [...]

Product Reference 2–71 Table 2–5 1. DMA Channel Assignm ents Channel Function 0 1 2 3 Availa ble f or 8- bit tr ans fer s Availa ble f or 8- bit tr ans fer s (Multim ode Paral lel port) Flopp y contr oll er Availa ble f or 8- bit tr ans fer s 4 5 6 7 Cascade for chann els 0-3 Availa ble f or 1 6-bit tr ans fers Availa ble f or 1 6-bit tr ans fe[...]

Little Bo ard ™/48 6 e Technical Manual 2–72 SETUP Overview This sect ion describes the SETUP function. It describes each opti on that can be set using SET UP. Additional sections describe important options that can be set for each major functional block of the board. Note The SETUP descriptions in the following section also contain much useful[...]

Product Reference 2–73 Table 2–5 3. Functi ons on Ea ch SETUP Pa ge Page Menu Name Functions 1 Standar d (CMO S/EE PROM) Config uratio n Set da te an d t ime Define f lopp y driv es Define ID E h ard dis k s Sele ct vide o ty pe Displ a y DR AM quan tity Set err or ha lt co ndit ions Enab le/dis abl e v ideo sh ado w RAM Set PO ST disp la y opt[...]

Little Bo ard ™/48 6 e Technical Manual 2–74 SETUP Page 1—Standar d (CMOS/EEPROM) Setup The first SETUP page contain s the parame ters normally saved in C MOS RAM p lus some additional parame ter s uni que to the Lit tle Boar d/48 6 e C PU. Th e on ly p ara mete rs no t au to saved in th e EEPROM memory are the real-ti me clock date and time.[...]

Product Reference 2–75 Date and Time The time shown on the fi rst SETUP screen is continuously updat ed and reflects t he curren t state of the har dware re al-t ime clo c k. The new time and d ate ente red is im med iatel y wri tten to th e de vice . Enter the d ate in the f orm m m/dd/yyyy . The year r equ ires al l 4 digi ts. En ter the tim e [...]

Little Bo ard ™/48 6 e Technical Manual 2–76 To configure the syst em for one or two IDE drives, set the drive para meters with SETUP, as outlined here: ! Drive Ty pes —The configuration memory contains a default list of parameters that specify the physical format of each drive. Each type spec ifies the total n um ber of cy linders , numbe r [...]

Product Reference 2–77 Video Specify t he initial video mode b y selecting one of t he following: ! Mono ! Color40 ! Color80 ! EGA/VGA If the video dis play card is VGA, super VGA, or any other high-res olution standard, specify EGA/VGA re gardle ss o f how it is co nfigu red to initi alize . DRAM Memory The ROM BIOS automat ically sets the am ou[...]

Little Bo ard ™/48 6 e Technical Manual 2–78 SETUP Page 2—Op tions/P eripheral Co nfig uration Use SETUP page 2 t o enable or disable many of the funct ions and peripherals provided on t he Little Bo ard /486 e CPU . Figu re 2 –14 sho ws w ha t can be conf igure d on SE TUP p age 2, and the sections that follow describe each parameter. Figu[...]

Product Reference 2–79 Serial Port Use SETUP to in dependently enable or dis able either of t he two onboard serial ports . When SETUP is used t o enable or disable a port, the change does not take effect until the system is rebooted. The I/O ad dre sse s and inter rupt assig nmen ts (I RQs) f or the seri al po rts cannot be ch ange d. T able 2?[...]

Little Bo ard ™/48 6 e Technical Manual 2–80 Floppy Interface Enable Enabl e or disable the onb oard floppy interface. When dis abled, t he I/O ports assigned t o the floppy controller b ecome available, al lowing them to be used by other devi ces installed on the expa nsion bus. T able 2– 56 li sts the re source s used by th e flo ppy co ntr[...]

Product Reference 2–81 Video State Video St ate c an be set to En able d or In hibite d. Inh ibite d blanks the d ispl ay un til an app lic ation program makes a cal l to the Video Restore St ate function in the video BIOS through INT10h. This provid es a me ans of con trolling wh at app ear s on the scre en wh en the sy stem s tarts up . This o [...]

Little Bo ard ™/48 6 e Technical Manual 2–82 Byte-Wide Socket Configuration The byte-wi de socket, S0 can be configured for its starting address and the size of the memory block in which it appears to the processor, or it can be disabled. Whether or not the socket should be enabled during the b oot process can also be specified. Table 2– 58 l[...]

Product Reference 2–83 Flat Panel Display Type There are up to 8 pr e-in stal led flat pan el v ideo BIOS con figur at ions av ailabl e fr om S ETUP, numbered 1 through 8. Select the panel you want by selecting its number. A list of supported panels is p rovid ed o n the Utili tie s diske tte . Installing a Modified BIOS to Support a New Panel If[...]

Little Bo ard ™/48 6 e Technical Manual 2–84 SETUP Page 3—Seri al Con sole Con figuratio n The ROM BIOS i ncludes a unique set of fea tures that allow full access to the system at any time over sta ndard RS-232 serial ports. An embedded system can take advantage of thes e remote access capabil ities using the serial console functions in the f[...]

Product Reference 2–85 This section describes the SETUP parameters found on the Extended Serial Console Confi guration screen. ! Console Out put Devi ce —Select the console output device, either Video, S erial 1, Serial 2, or None. ! Console Input Device —Select the console input device, eit her the PC Keyboard, Serial 1, Serial 2, or N one. [...]

Little Bo ard ™/48 6 e Technical Manual 2–86 The SETUP .COM Progra m The SETUP.COM utilit y can be used from the command line to access the same SETUP functions as the hot key code, CTRL-ALT-ESC. SETUP.COM als o adds additional functionality, such a s the ability to load an d sto re co nfigu ratio n se tting s to a di sk file . Th is sa me f ea[...]

Product Reference 2–87 Operati on w ith DOS The Lit tle Board /48 6 e CPU supports IBM’s PC-DOS or Microsoft’s MS-DOS, Version 3.3 or later, or any versi on of Digital Research’s DR DOS as the disk operati ng system. Any differences b etween these si milar operating syst ems are noted in the text where appl icable. Caution Sometimes MS-DOS [...]

Little Bo ard ™/48 6 e Technical Manual 2–88 Utilit y Soft w are Overview The Lit tle Board /48 6 e Development Kit provid es a number of software utiliti es on the Ampro Common Utili ties diskett e. Some of the programs provided on this diskette are: FLASHWR I —Fl ash P ROM utili ty for w ritin g pro gram imag es to Fl ash d evice s in by te[...]

3–1 Chapter 3 Technical S pecifications Little Board™/48 6 e CPU Speci fications The fo llowing se ction pr ovid es te chni cal spe cifi catio ns for the Little Boa rd™/ 486 e CPU . CPU/Motherboard ! CPU: 3.3 V 100 MHz or 133 MHz 80486 ! System RAM:  Socket for 168-p in DI MM, FP M or EDO only  Suppor ts up to 6 4M by tes to tal RA M ! [...]

Little Bo ard ™/48 6 e Technical Manual 3–2 Onboard Peripherals This sect ion describes standard peripherals found on every L ittle Board/486 e CPU. ! Four buf fere d seri al por ts w ith f ull h andsh akin g:  Implemente d with 165 50-equiv alent contro ller s with built-in 16-by te FIFO buffe rs  Onboard g eneratio n of ± 9 Volts for R[...]

Technica l Spec ifica tions 3–3 Table 3–1 . Supported CRT Video Modes —Stand ard VGA Mode Display Mode Colors Text Font Pixels Clock (MHz) Horiz (KHz) Vert (Hz) 0+, 1 + T ext 16 40x25 40x25 40x25 9x16 8x14 8x8 360x400 320x350 320x200 28.322 25.175 25.175 31.5 70 2+, 3 + T ext 16 80x25 80x25 80x25 9x16 8x14 8x8 720x400 640x350 640x200 28.322 2[...]

Little Bo ard ™/48 6 e Technical Manual 3–4 Table 3–2 . Supported CRT Video Modes —Exte nded Resolut ion Mode Display Mode Colors VES A Mode Font Pixels Clock (M Hz ) Horiz (KHz) Vert (Hz) Mem. 20 Pack Pixel 16 120 8x16 640x 480 25.175 31.5 36 31.5 37.5 43.3 60 75 85 256K 256K 256K 22 Pack Pixel 16 122 8x16 800x 600 36 40 49.5 56025 35.1 37[...]

Technica l Spec ifica tions 3–5 Table 3–2 . Supported CRT Video Modes —Exte nded Resolut ion (cont.) Mode Display Mode Colors VES A Mode Font Pixels Clock (M Hz ) Horiz (KHz) Vert (Hz) Mem . 43 Pack Pixel 64K 114 8x16 800x 600 36 40 49.5 56.25 35.1 37.9 46.9 53.7 56 60 75 85 1024K 1024K 1024K 1024K 44 Pack Pixel 32K 116 8x16 1024 x 768 44.9 6[...]

Little Bo ard ™/48 6 e Technical Manual 3–6 ! Ethernet LAN Interface:  Complies with IE EE 802.3 ( ANSI 8 802-3)  Controller: SMC9000-series  Topology: Et hernet bus, usi ng CSMA/CD  Media inte rface o ptions: 10 BaseT ( twiste d pair), throu gh an on board RJ4 5 conne ctor  Data rate: 10M bits per second  Data buffer: 4 608 b[...]

Technica l Spec ifica tions 3–7 Mechanical and Env ironmental Specifications ! Dimension s: 8.0 x 5.75 x 1.2 inches (146 x 203 x 30 mm .). Refe r to Figure 3–1 for moun ting dimensions. ! Provision for s ystem expansion with one or more Ampro MiniM odule products or other PC/104 expansion modul es. ! Power re quireme nts ( typical , with 16M by[...]

Little Bo ard ™/48 6 e Technical Manual 3–8 Figure 3–1. Me chanical Dimensions 6.1 00 6.8 00 6.9 00 7.5 00 5. 250 4. 800 3. 950 4. 150 3.1 00 .300 .400 .975 1. 000 1. 550 2. 400 2.5 00 2.7 00 0 .100 .200 0 .450 2.3 00 6.6 75 5.8 00 7.6 00 6.3 50 6.7 00 7.1 00 7.5 00 .200 0 .400 . 900 1.375 1. 975 2.0 00 4.80 0 4.95 0 5.00 0 5.35 0 5.55 0 3.00[...]

Technica l Spec ifica tions 3–9[...]

[...]

Index–1 Index # techsupport@ampro.com, vii 1 10Base T, 2-44 A AAN-8805, EEPRO M ac cess, 2-86 AC termin ation, 2-64 advanced power management, 2 -37 analog v ideo, 2-33 AT bus, 2-6 2 Attachment Unit Interface (AUI), 2-42 B backup ba ttery, 2-7 balanced line, 2-17 battery, e xtern al, 2- 57 battery- backe d clock , 2- 58 bi-directi onal communicat[...]

Little Bo ard ™/48 6 e Technical Manual Index–2 expan sion bus, 5, 2-62 expansion bus pinouts, 2 -65 expansi on bus, ribbon cables, 2-64 expansion cards, 2-63 extended BIOS, 2-78 extended memory, 2-10 extern al batte ry, 2- 57 F filtering , PC bus, 2- 64 Flash EPROM pro gramming, 2-53 flat panel display type, 2-83 fla t pane l BIOS suppor t, 2-[...]

Index Index–3 phone numbers, Ampro, vii port, ser ial , 2-11 ports, 2 -87 POST, SE TUP, 2-77 power fail writ e protect, 2-8 power LED, 2-57 power requirements, 2-7 powe r sequen cing, 2- 37 powe r supplie s, sw itch ing, 2-7 power, DC, 2-6 powerfail circuit, 2-8 printer port, 2-21 push bu tton re set, 2-5 7 Q QNX Softwa re Systems, 2-43 R real-ti[...]

Little Bo ard ™/48 6 e Technical Manual Index–4[...]