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Table of contents for the manual
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Page 1
User ’ s Guide for the Constant Q Graphic Equalizers Crate Pro Audio’ s Live Sound Graphic Equalizers feature constant Q circuits which, unlike inferior broad band EQs, let you boost or cut only the frequencies you choose. Combined with a switchable equalization range, these EQs allow greater system control and accuracy whether using them for h[...]
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2 LS1-131/LS2-215/LS3-231 Constant Q Graphic Equalizers CAUTION RISK OF ELECTRIC SHOCK DO NOT OPEN CAUTION: TO REDUCE THE RISK OF ELECTRIC SHOCK, DO NOT REMOVE COVER. NO USER-SERVICEABLE PARTS INSIDE. REFER SERVICING TO QUALIFIED SERVICE PERSONNEL. A TTENTION RISQUE D'ELECTROCUTION NE PAS OUVRIR ATTENTION: POUR REDUIRE D'ELECTROCUTION NE [...]
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3 LS1-131/LS2-215/LS3-231 Constant Q Graphic Equalizers Figure 1: Constant Q Response: 0 200 500 1k 2k 5k 200 500 1k 2k 5k Amplitude (dB) Frequency (Hz) Inferior broad band filters: width of filter changes with amplitude. 0 200 500 1k 2k 5k 200 500 1k 2k 5k Amplitude (dB) Frequency (Hz) ƒ L ƒ L = lower frequency ƒ C = center frequency ƒ H = hig[...]
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These filters have a relatively low “Q” thus preventing “ringing”. Ringing occurs when a filter instantaneous - ly receives an input signal and hangs on to the signal for a period of time after it has stopped (see Figure 2 below). All three equalizers have a flat phase response (see Figure 3 below) for accurate sound reproduction with no co[...]
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Page 5
The LS1-131/LS3-231 both feature variable Low Cut and High Cut controls. The low cut control is not only useful for subsonic filtering, but provides a wider range of control for low frequency “ringing” in some sub-woofer systems and controls “wind” noises in microphones. This filter is extremely useful in using amplifi- er power more effici[...]
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The LS1-131/LS3-231 Front and Rear Panels: NOTE: The LS1-131 is shown; the LS3-231 is identical, except it has two channels, one over the other , in a 2 rack-space enclosure. 1 - POWER: Use this switch to turn the unit on and off. 2 - EQ SLIDERS: Use these slide controls to make adjustments at the standard ISO 1/3-octave frequencies indicated above[...]
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The LS2-215 Front and Rear Panels: 1 - POWER: Use this switch to turn the unit on and off. 2 - EQ SLIDERS: Use these slide controls to make adjustments at the standard ISO 2/3-octave frequencies indicated above each slider . Each slider adjusts the signal ±6dB or ± 12dB depending on the setting of the RANGE switch (#3). Moving a slider up boosts [...]
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Using an Equalizer: Mixing and equalizing music requires an experienced ear and knowledge of the different tonal characteristics of each instrument. The voice characteristics of some common instruments are compared to a conventional 88-note piano keyboard in figure 5 below . As indicated on the chart, the piano has the widest frequency range among [...]
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Upper-Mid Range: (4kHz-8kHz) This region is the “presence” range which can determine whether the mix or instrument is “harsh” and “piercing” or “distant” and “muffled”. This range will also help voices and other instruments cut through a mix when boosted. When high frequency “feedback” occurs, this region is one of the most [...]
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Page 10
APPLICA TIONS: SOME METHODS OF CONNECTION (Continued): APPLICA TIONS: ROOM EQUALIZA TION: Any sound system, whether it is a home stereo, a large sound reinforcement system, or recording studio moni- tors, will vary in its perceived reproduction depending on its environment; its room. When sound is produced, some frequencies are reflected and some a[...]
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FEEDBACK CONTROL: Feedback can be a major problem in live sound reproduction. Feedback occurs when an outgoing signal finds its way back into the system via a microphone or a guitar pickup and gets re-amplified. The outgoing signal is the transmitter and the microphone or pickup is the receiver . The best and most effective way to eliminate feedbac[...]
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www .crateamps.com © 1999 SLM Electronics, Inc. • A Division of St. Louis Music, Inc. 1400 Ferguson Avenue • St. Louis, MO 63133 47-056-01 • 05/99 LS1-131/LS2-215/LS3-231 Constant Q Graphic Equalizers T echnical Specifications Due to ongoing product development and improvement, the specifications contained herein are subject to change withou[...]