Garmin 238 manual

owner’ s manual and r efer ence guide chartplotting receiver & depth-fi nder GPSMAP 188/188C/238 Sounder (GPSMAP 188C Shown) 188Ccover.indd 1 6/30/2003, 3:24:39 PM[...]

© Copyright 2003 Garmin Ltd. or its subsidiaries Garmin International, Inc. 1200 East 151 st Street, Olathe, KS 66062, U.S.A. T el. 913/397.8200 or 800/800.1020 Fax 913/397.8282 Garmin (Europe) Ltd. Unit 5, The Quadrangle, Abbey Park Industrial Estate, Romsey SO51 9DL, U.K. T el. 44/1794.519944 Fax 44/1794.519222 Garmin Corporation No. 68, Jangshu[...]

i Introduction Preface and Registration ) Preface Congratulations on choosing one of the most advanced marine navigation systems available! The Garmin GPSMAP ® 188/188C/238 Sounders utilize the proven performance of Garmin GPS and full fea- tured mapping to create an unsurpassed marine navigation chartplotters. This manual covers instructions for [...]

ii Introduction FCC Compliance FCC Compliance The GPSMAP 188/188C/238 Sounder complies with Part 15 of the FCC interference limits for Class B digital devices FOR HOME OR OFFICE USE. These limits are designed to pr ovide more reason- able protection against harmful interfer ence in a residential installation, and are mor e stringent than “outdoor[...]

iii Introduction W arnings and Cautions The GPS system is operated by the United States government, which is solely responsible for its accuracy and maintenance. The system is subject to changes which could affect the accuracy and performance of all GPS equipment. Although the Garmin GPSMAP 188/188C/238 is a precision electr onic NA Vigation AID (N[...]

iv Introduction W arranty and Serial Number The GPSMAP 188/188C/238 Sounder is fastened shut with scr ews. Any attempt to open the case to change or modify the unit in any way will void your warranty and may r esult in permanent damage to the equipment. , Serial Number Use this ar ea to r ecord the serial number (8-digit number located on the back [...]

v Introduction Software License Agreement Software License Agreement BY USING THE GPSMAP 188/188C/238, YOU AGREE TO BE BOUND BY THE TERMS AND CON- DITIONS OF THE FOLLOWING SOFTW ARE LICENSE AGREEMENT . PLEASE READ THIS AGREE- MENT CAREFULL Y . Garmin grants you a limited license to use the software embedded in this device (the “Software”) in bi[...]

, GPSMAP 188/188C/238 Sounder Standard and Optional T ransducers Unit part numbers 010-00268-01, 010-00239-02, 010- 00239-03, and 010-00250-11 include a 200/50kHz, 10/40 degr ee, plastic, depth and temp, transom mount transducer . For a complete list of optional transducers, see page 96. For the most recent list of available accessories for your GP[...]

vii Introduction Capabilities Designed for detailed electronic charting capability , the Garmin GPSMAP 188/188C/238 Sounder is a powerful navigation device that can give you the information you need: Precision Perfor mance • 188C: High-contrast, 16-color LCD screen with backlighting; 188/238: High-contrast, ten-level gray , LCD screen with backli[...]

viii Introduction T able of Contents Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . i-viii Preface and Registration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . i FCC Compliance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ii W ar nings and Cautions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . iii W arranty . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [...]

1 Getting Started K eypad Usage Using the Keypad ZOOM IN Key— adjusts the map scale to display a smaller area with more detail (Zooms in). ZOOM OUT Key— adjusts the map scale to display a larger ar ea with less detail (Zooms out). NA V Key— displays the Go T o and Follow navigation menu. P AGE Key— selects the main pages in sequence and ret[...]

2 Initializing the Receiver/ P ower On Getting Started The GPSMAP 188/188C/238 Sounder’ s advanced keypad system is designed to allow for fast, con- venient selection of navigation options and data entry . The Getting Started T our will intr oduce you to the keypad and provide a ‘hands-on’ lesson in using the GPSMAP 188/188C/238 Sounder . W e[...]

3 Getting Started Initializing the Receiver T o graphically initialize the GPSMAP 188/188C/238 Sounder: 1. Press the MENU k ey twice for the Main Menu. Press Up or Down on the ARROW KEYP AD until the ‘GPS’ tab is highlighted, then press the MENU k ey once. 2. Using the ARROW KEYP AD , highlight ‘Initialize P osition’ and press ENTER to init[...]

4 Getting Started Selecting Options Selecting Options and Entering Data Before moving ahead into the features of the GPSMAP 188/188C/238 Sounder , you will need to learn basic operations. Y ou can select and activate options and enter data to customize the GPSMAP 188/188C/238 Sounder to fi t your requirements. Y ou can use the ENTER/MARK key and A[...]

5 Getting Started Entering Data Naming a waypoint or placing any sort of data that has not been predefi ned requires the use of both the ARROW KEYP AD and the ENTER/MARK key . T o enter a name or number in a data fi eld: 1. Once you have accessed a page with programmable data fi elds (i.e . ‘ Waypoint Edit’) you can use the ARROW KEYP AD to [...]

6 Getting Started T our/Backlighting GPSMAP 188/188C/238 Sounder Getting Started T our The Garmin GPSMAP 188/188C/238 Sounder is a powerful electronic navigation system that pr o- vides detailed map coverage and convenient control of many advanced featur es right from the scr een display . This tour is designed to take you through the basic pages a[...]

7 Getting Started Simulator Mode Y ou may also adjust the screen contrast (GPSMAP 188/238 monochrome only). T o adjust the screen contrast: 1. Press POWER and the Light and Contrast window appears . 2. To decrease or increase the screen contr ast, press left or right on the ARROW KEYP AD . 3. Press the ENTER/MARK k ey to fi nish. Each page of the [...]

8 Getting Started Main P ages/ Map P age Main Pages The Map Page is one of six main pages used in the GPSMAP 188/188C/238 Sounder’ s system. The six main pages are the Map Page, Sonar Page, Compass Page, Numbers Page, Highway Page, and Active Route Page. All six pages are linked together in a simple chain, which allows you to scr oll through the [...]

9 Getting Started Map Cursor Using the Map Cursor W orking fr om the Map Page is a simple process that centers ar ound the use of the cursor . Controlled by the ARROW KEYP AD , the cursor is an important tool that can be used to pan to other map locations, mark and edit waypoints and routes, and r eview position data of on-screen map items and wayp[...]

10 Getting Started Marking W aypoints T o mark your present position: 1. Hold down the ENTER/MARK key until the ‘New Waypoint’ window appears then release the k ey . T he window will show a default three-digit waypoint name/number (001), symbol (dot), and position. Y ou can leave the name as the auto-assigned number , but for this exercise , le[...]

11 Getting Started Using the NA V K ey Going to a Destination GPS is all about marking positions as waypoints and navigating to them using the receiver’ s steering guidance and map displays. W e’ve already seen how to use the ENTER/MARK key to store your present position, so it’ s time to move on to the fun part—going to a destination. The [...]

12 Getting Started Simulated T our T o activate the practice route stored in memory for navigation: 1. Press NAV . A list of options appear . 2. Use the ARROW KEYP AD to highlight ‘F ollow Route’ and press ENTER . 3. The Select Route page appears , with the ‘GPSMAP TOUR’ route highlighted. 4. Press ENTER , highlight ‘ Activate’, and pre[...]

13 Getting Started Reviewing/Creating Map W aypoints Y ou’ll now have a clearer picture of the route you ar e navigating. Keep in mind that when you exceed the usable range of the built-in database or the optional MapSource or BlueChart data in use, the range fi eld displays ‘overzoom’ to indicate that you should exercise extreme caution usi[...]

14 Getting Started Sonar P age Sonar Page The Sonar Page is where your GPSMAP 188/188C/238 Sounder becomes a powerful fi shfi nder/ fl asher . The top left of the screen contains data fi elds, while the Adjustment Bar above the data fi elds allows direct access to the settings most commonly changed while using the Sonar Page. The middle of the[...]

15 Getting Started Sonar P age Using the Adjustment Menu The Adjustment Menu allows direct access to the settings and features most commonly used on the Sonar Page. There are 10 main adjustment options available: Range, Zoom, V iew/Span, Gain, T arget Level, Whiteline, Frequency , Depth Line, Noise Reject, and Scroll. The curr ently selected option[...]

16 Getting Started Compass P age/ Numbers P age Compass Page Numbers Page Curr ent Destination Data Fields Compass Ring Pointer Arr ow Now that we’re navigating to an actual destination, let’ s move on to the GPSMAP 188/188C/238 Sounder’ s navigation pages by pr essing the P AGE key . Compass Page The Compass Page provides graphic steering gu[...]

17 Getting Started Numbers P age/ Highway P age T o split the data fi elds: 1. Press MENU , then press ENTER . Highlight the ‘SPEED’ data fi eld and press MENU . 2. Highlight ‘Split Numbers’, then press ENTER . Y ou will now see four new data fi elds . Press QUIT when done . 3. To return to the original confi guration, repeat the above [...]

18 Getting Started Highway P age Whenever the GPSMAP 188/188C/238 Sounder is in simulator mode, you can also adjust your speed and course from the Highway Page using the ARROW KEYP AD . As you head toward each waypoint in the tour route, try adjusting your boat speed and course to get a feel for how the highway works. T o adjust the simulated boat [...]

19 Getting Started Changing Data Fields/ Active Route P age Changing Data Fields The data fi elds on the main pages may also be confi gured to display several different information categories (see pages 26-27 for the complete list). On the Highway Page, let’ s change the ‘TIME TO NEXT’ fi eld to ‘TIME OF DA Y’. T o change a data fi el[...]

20 Getting Started Main Menu P age/ Deleting W aypoints Main Menu Page As you’ve seen, the primary pages provide map and navigation information. The tour’ s last page is the Main Menu page, which allows access to the GPSMAP 188/188C/238 Sounder’ s waypoint, r oute, and planning functions, as well as various operational and navigation setup fe[...]

21 Getting Started P owering Off Unit Congratulations! Y ou’ve now gone through the basic operation of the Garmin GPSMAP 188/188C/ 238 Sounder . Y our new digital chartplotter is a powerful tool with many advanced features not covered in the Getting Started tour . For detailed instructions on using these features or performing a specifi c task, [...]

22 Reference Map P age Map Page The GPSMAP 188/188C/238 Sounder’ s Map Page provides a comprehensive display of electronic cartography , plotting and navigational data. When using the unit with the optional BlueChart data or MapSource softwar e, the map display shows your boat on a digital chart, complete with geographic names, map items, navaids[...]

23 Reference Map P age Cursor T o activate and move the cursor: 1. Press the ARROW KEYP AD in an UP , DOWN, LEFT or RIGHT direction. As you move the cursor , the distance and bearing from your pr esent position to the cursor are- displayed in the data window , along with the cursor’ s position coordinates. When you zoom in cursor mode, the cursor[...]

24 Reference Map P age: Cur sor and Zooming The cursor may also be used to create new waypoints directly fr om the map. T o create a waypoint with the cursor on an open map location: 1. Use the ARROW KEYP AD to move the cursor to the desired map position. 2. Press and quickly release the ENTER key to capture the cursor location (pressing and holdin[...]

25 Reference Map P age Options The GPSMAP 188/188C/238 Sounder’ s system has a built-in worldwide database to 20 mi, with more detailed coverage available thr ough the use of the optional BlueChart or MapSource data. The GPSMAP 188/188C/238 Sounder displays cartography as long as there is chart information available for the range you’ve selecte[...]

26 Reference Map P age Options • Full Screen Map/Show Data — toggles between a full screen map or a map with sonar information and/or data fi elds on the top half of the display . This allows for quick viewing of a full screen map. • Change Numbers — allows you to specify the type of data displayed in each data fi eld used on the map disp[...]

27 Map P age Options Reference • POINTER – Arrow points to your destination • POSITION – Current position coor dinates • SONAR – Compressed view of sonar data • SPEED – Speed over ground • TIME OF DA Y – Current time • TIME TO DESTINA TION – T ime to fi nal waypoint • TIME TO NEXT – T ime to next waypoint • TO COURSE [...]

28 Reference Map P age Options Y ou may also choose to ‘merge’ the four medium, default data fi elds to a single, large fi eld for better readability , or ‘split’ any or all of the default data fi elds to show 4 small data fi elds. This option is avail- able from any of the main pages with the exception of the Numbers Page. One the Numb[...]

29 Reference Map P age Options • Size Split — enables height adjustment of the Map Page sonar split screen. Y ou may adjust the size of the map/sonar split window anywhere fr om 1/3 to 2/3 height from the top of the scr een. Y ou must be showing sonar information to use this option. T o resize the Map P age sonar split screen: 1. From the Map P[...]

30 Reference Map P age Options General T ab Detail— Most, Mor e, Normal, Less, Least: controls how much map detail you will see. This setting only applies to any map feature set to “Auto”. Those features which have a specifi ed scale or turned “Off” ar e unaffected by this setting. Orientation— North Up: fi xes the top of the map disp[...]

31 Reference Map P age Options W aypoints T ab— W aypoints/Active Route T ext— None, Small, Medium, and Large: controls the scr een size of the name. Zoom— Auto, Of f, 20 ft.–800 ft., 0.2 nm–800 nm: sets the maximum scale at which the feature appears on the screen. Some types of data will only show up to certain zoom scales. Points T ab ?[...]

32 Reference Map P age Options T rack T ab— Saved T racks/T rack Log Zoom— Auto, Of f, 20 ft.–800 ft, 0.2 nm–800 nm.: sets the maximum scale at which the feature appears on the screen. Some types of data will only show up to certain zoom scales. Other T ab Accuracy Cir cle— On/Off: toggles the circle “On” and “Of f”. The circle re[...]

33 Reference Sonar P age Sonar Page The Sonar Page is where your GPSMAP 188/188C/238 Sounder becomes a powerful fi shfi nder/ fl asher . Fish are displayed as colored ar ches or as fi sh icons in three differ ent sizes. Thermoclines are shown as shades of blue. The area of str ongest sonar return (or whiteline) is displayed as solid white. T yp[...]

34 Reference Sonar P age: Adjustment Menu T o change a setting back to ‘Normal’ or ‘ Auto’: 1. On the adjustment window for the desired option, press MENU . 2. Select the desired setting and press ENTER . Adjustment Menu Options Range— sets the display depth range used for viewing. The unit can be set to automatically track the bottom or [...]

35 Sonar P age: Adjustment Menu Reference Once activated, the zoomed picture becomes the Sonar Page display . Y ou may also cycle through the sonar zoom display levels by pressing the IN or OUT keys. The Zoom function can be deactivated by pressing the OUT key until the ‘No Zoom’ setting appears. View/Span— available when a Zoom scale other t[...]

36 Sonar P age Options Reference Depth Line— adds a horizontal depth line across the display which is used to measur e the depth of underwater objects. The depth of the line appears in a box on the right side of the line. Press UP or DOWN on the ARROW KEYP AD to control the position of the line on the graph. The depth is displayed in a window on [...]

37 Reference Sonar P age Options ‘Show Pointer’ option enabled Data Window Pointer ‘Show Numbers’ option enabled • Show/Hide Pointer — allows you to reference sonar items and mark underwater waypoints. This makes it easier to fi nd and use an object such as a stump for a future fi shing location. When using this feature, the Sonar Pag[...]

38 Reference Sonar P age Options • Size Split — enables width adjustment of the Sonar Page split screen. This option is only available when a split screen zoom scale is selected. Y ou may adjust the size of the split window anywhere from 1/4 to 3/4 width of the right half of the Sonar Page. T o resize the Sonar P age split screen: 1. From the S[...]

39 Reference Sonar T ab Options , W ater T ype — since sound waves travel through ‘Fr esh’ and ‘Salt’ water at differ ent rates it is necessary to select the ‘W ater T ype’ to ensure accurate readings on the unit. Depth Number — controls the effi ciency of the digital depth update rate.’Fast Update’ will update more quickly and[...]

40 Reference Sonar P age Options Calibrate W ater Speed — this is only available if you ar e using a speed-capable transducer/sensor . Calibration is required to ensur e that the W ater Speed displayed on your unit will be accurate. The unit will automatically use the GPS ground speed, if it is available, for comparison on the calibra- tion. If a[...]

41 Compass Page The GPSMAP 188/188C/238 Sounder features two dif ferent navigation pages: Compass and High- way . Whenever a NA V , Follow T rack (T racBack), or Follow Route have been activated, the GPSMAP 188/188C/238 Sounder’ s Compass Page will guide you to your destination with digital readouts and a graphic compass display , which includes [...]

42 Reference Numbers P age/ Highway P age Numbers P age The Numbers Page provides a quick r eference for the important data you want to display . The default page displays three lar ge, user -selectable data fi elds showing a compass ribbon, speed and cur - rent position coor dinates. Y ou may also choose to show the three data fi elds in large l[...]

43 Reference Highway P age Options The Highway Page options menu provides access to functions and featur es relating to the Highway Page and the layout options. The data window , located at the top of the page, provides a user -selectable layout of various types of useful data. Each data fi eld may be confi gured to display several data options. [...]

44 Reference Creating W aypoints Creating and Using W aypoints The Garmin GPSMAP 188/188C/238 Sounder stores up to 3000 alphanumeric waypoints with a user -defi ned icon, comments and depth available for each waypoint. W aypoints can be created using three basic methods: • ENTER/MARK key– used primarily for marking your present position, the E[...]

45 Reference Creating W aypoints 6. To manually enter a set of coordinates , highlight the coordinates and press ENTER , then use the ARROW KEYP AD to enter the new coordinates and press ENTER when done . 7. When done, use the ARROW KEYP AD to highlight the ‘OK’ prompt and press ENTER to save the waypoint into memory . Creating W aypoints Graph[...]

46 Reference Creating W aypoints Additional Options For Cr eating W aypoints W aypoints may also be created by manually entering position coordinates thr ough the Points tab of the Main Menu. This method can be useful for creating a waypoint at a specifi c latitude/longitude position from a chart. T o create a new waypoint by entering location coo[...]

47 Reference Creating W aypoints 3. To select another location from which to project a w aypoint, highlight the fi eld next to ‘From’ and press ENTER . The ‘Find’ screen appears . Highlight the desired type of location (waypoints , cities , etc.) and press ENTER . Use the submenus to narrow down your search (for more information see ‘Fin[...]

48 Reference Reviewing/Editing W aypoints W aypoint Review Page— Highlight ‘OK’ and pr ess ENTER to exit/save changes and r eturn to the Map Page. W aypoint Review Page for a waypoint located on multiple map featur es. Reviewing and Editing W aypoints Once you have created and stored a waypoint, it may be modifi ed, reviewed, r enamed, moved[...]

49 Reference Editing W aypoints T o change the comment/position coordinates/depth: 1. Highlight the desired fi eld and press ENTER . 2. Use the ARROW KEYP AD to edit/enter the data. To drop to the next line , press to the right on the ARROW KEYP AD . Press ENTER when done . On the W aypoint Review and W aypoint Edit pages, you may also delete the [...]

50 Reference W aypoint Lists Main Menu—Points T ab W aypoint Lists The GPSMAP 188/188C/238 Sounder’ s Main Menu Page features two waypoint submenu tabs, ‘User’ and ‘Proximity’, that let you manage a lar ge number of waypoints quickly and effi ciently . The submenu tabs also provide a continuously updated pr oximity waypoint alarm funct[...]

51 Reference W aypoint Lists ) Y ou can also search for a waypoint by name: 1. Highlight the name fi eld and pr ess ENTER . 2. Use the ARROW KEYP AD to select the fi rst letter of the name. 3. Move to the RIGHT and enter the second letter if you do not see it on the list below . 4. Repeat this until the name appears. Pr ess ENTER when you see the[...]

52 Reference W aypoint Lists T o add a proximity waypoint: 1. Use the ARROW KEYP AD to highlight an empty space on the Proximity list and press ENTER . Th e ‘Find’ screen appears . Highlight ‘W aypoints’ and press ENTER . 2. Use the ARROW KEYP AD to highlight the desired waypoint from the ‘By Name’ or ‘Nearest’ tab lists . The Waypo[...]

53 Reference Going to a Destination Going to a Destination Using the NA V key , the GPSMAP 188/188C/238 Sounder provides three ways to navigate to a destination: Go T o Point, Follow Route, and Follow T rack (T racBack). Once you are actively navigat- ing, you will see a straight line that always runs from your curr ent location to the destination [...]

54 Reference Going to a Destination/ T racBack Navigation ‘Go T o MAP Point’ allows you to navigate to a spot on the map that is not a waypoint or map item. Highlight ‘Save’ and pr ess ENTER to save an active track log. T o activate an existing waypoint or map item as a ‘Go T o’ from the map display: 1. Use the ARROW KEYP AD to highligh[...]

55 Reference T racBack Navigation 2. Use the ARROW KEYP AD to select ‘Save’ and press ENTER . 3. On the ‘Save Back Through’ window , highlight the desired time , date , or ‘Entire Log’ and press ENTER. 4. Next, the tr ack will begin saving and then display the ‘Saved T rack’ window when done . T he default name , distance and number[...]

56 Reference T racBack Navigation/ MOB: Man OverBoard • If the track log interval is set to the ‘T ime’ option, the route may not follow your exact path (keep the interval set to ‘resolution’ for best performance). • If the receiver is turned of f or satellite coverage is lost during your trip, the T racBack will draw a straight line be[...]

57 Reference Creating a Route Creating a Route The last way to navigate to a destination is to create a user -defi ned route. The Garmin GPSMAP 188/188C/238 Sounder lets you create and store up to 50 r eversible routes (number ed 1-50), with up to 254 waypoints each. Routes can be created in two ways. The fi rst way is by selecting points from th[...]

58 Reference Creating a Route/ F ollowing a Route T o create a route using text: 1. Press the MENU k ey twice to display the Main Menu page . Use the ARROW KEYP AD to highlight the ‘Route’ tab . 2. Press the MENU k ey to display the route options page . Select the ‘New Route’ option and press ENTER . Or , highlight the fi rst available bla[...]

59 Reference Route List P age 2. Highlight the route you wish to navigate and press ENTER . 3. Choose ‘ Activ ate’ or ‘Invert and Activate’ and press ENTER . (‘ Activate’ will use the route as is , ‘Invert and Activate’ will reverse the route then activate it.) T o deactivate (stop navigation) of a route: 1. Press the NA V key , hig[...]

60 Reference Route Review P age Route Review Page Once you have created a r oute, the Route Review page allows you to edit a selected route. T o access the Route Review page: 1. Press MENU twice and highlight the ‘Route’ tab . 2. Highlight the name of the route you wish to review and press ENTER . The Route Review page also allows you to enter [...]

61 Reference Editing Routes • Edit on Map — review and modify the r oute displayed for each point (waypoint or map item) on a map page. Y ou may also use the cursor to insert a new route point on a route leg, r eview the waypoint or map item. T o edit a route on the map: 1. From the Route Review page , press MENU , highlight ‘Edit on Map’ a[...]

62 Reference Editing Routes The GPSMAP 188/188C/238 Sounder’ s route edit mode also allows you to insert a new route point in any route leg using the map cursor . T o insert a new point between two existing route waypoints: 1. Use the ARROW KEYP AD to select the leg in which you want to insert the new waypoint (the route line will highlight and c[...]

63 Reference Editing Routes • T rip Planning — The Route Review and Active Route pages also display trip-planning information for each leg or the entire r oute. A vailable information includes Course, ET A, Fuel (to point), Leg Distance, Leg Fuel, Leg T ime, Sunrise and Sunset (at point location) and T ime T o (point). T o use the trip planning[...]

64 Reference Active Route P age Active Route Page Whenever you have activated a route in the GPSMAP 188/188C/238 Sounder , the Active Route page shows each point (waypoint or map item) of the active route, with the point name, distance and choice of Course, ET A, Fuel to point, Leg Distance, Leg Fuel, Leg Time, Sunrise and Sunset at point location,[...]

65 Reference Find K ey Find Key The FIND key allows you to search the units for user waypoints, map items, and any optional BlueChart or MapSource information loaded on a data car d. Press the FIND key to search for items from your curr ent location by default. Y ou may also search from other locations. When you pr ess FIND , a list of available it[...]

66 Reference Find Options T o view details about an item: 1. With the desired item highlighted in the search results list, press ENTER . 2. An Information page appears with details about the item organized in a tabbed format. Depending on the type of item, additional options are available for viewing the item on the map , viewing notes on a MapSour[...]

67 Reference Main Menu P age Main Menu Page The GPSMAP 188/188C/238 Sounder’ s Main Menu Page pr ovides access to various waypoint, system, navigation and interface management, and setup menus in an easy to use “tab” format. The Main Menu page is available from any page in the GPSMAP 188/188C/238 Sounder’ s system, and is accessed through t[...]

68 Reference Main Menu: GPS T ab • Pages – enables main pages to be shut off, turned on, or ‘jumped to’. • Map – sets up Map Page features, zooms, and text size. See pages 29-32. • T emp – sets up and shows the water temperature log. • Hiway – sets up Highway Page features. See pages 42-43. • Sonar – sets up Sonar Page featu[...]

69 Reference Main Menu: GPS T ab WAAS Capability The GPSMAP 188/188C/238 Sounder is capable of receiving W AAS (Wide Area Augmentation System) satellite signals. W AAS is an F AA (Federal A viation Administration) funded project to impr ove the overall accuracy and integrity of the GPS signal for aviation use, but land/sea based users may also bene[...]

70 Reference Main Menu: GPS T ab The status fi eld will show one of the following conditions: • Looking For Satellites – the receiver is looking for any satellites. • AutoLocate – the receiver is looking for any satellite whose almanac has been collected. This process can take up to fi ve minutes. • Acquiring Satellites – the receiver[...]

71 Reference Main Menu: GPS T ab The Differ ential SNR (Signal to Noise Ratio) indicates, on a scale to 0-30db with 30db being the best, the strength of the DGPS signal being received. If no optional DGPS r eceiver is used with the GPSMAP 188/188C/238 Sounder , the ‘DGPS Rcvr’ fi eld displays ‘Off. The SNR will depend upon the mounting of yo[...]

72 Reference Main Menu: Tide T ab Tide T ab— shows a graphical chart that displays tide station information in a 24-hour span starting at midnight station time. Y ou can choose from differ ent dates and over 3000 tide stations around the USA coastline, Alaska, Hawaii, western Canada and several of the Caribbean islands. The top of the page displa[...]

73 Reference Main Menu: Tide T ab T o view the chart for a tide station nearest to your current location: 1. From the T ide tab , highlight the ‘ At’ fi eld and press ENTER . 2. Press MENU , select ‘Nearest to Boat’ and press ENTER . 3. Select the desired station from the list and press ENTER . 4. Highlight ‘Show Chart’ or ‘OK’ and[...]

74 Reference T rip T ab— displays T rip Odometer , Moving A verage Speed, T otal A verage Speed, Maximum Speed, Stopped T ime, Moving T ime, T otal T ime, and Odometer . T o reset the trip data: 1. Highlight ‘Reset T rip’, ‘Reset Max Speed’, ‘Reset Odometer’ or ‘Reset All’ and press ENTER . Celes (Celestial) T ab— displays celes[...]

75 Reference Main Menu— Active T rack T ab Points T ab— contains the ‘User’ and ‘Proximity’ waypoint lists. See pages 50-52. Route T ab— contains a list of available routes. See pages 57-63. T rack T ab— lets you specify whether or not to record a track log (an electr onic ‘breadcrumb trail’ recor ding of your path), defi ne ho[...]

Reviewing a saved track 76 Reference Main Menu: T rack T ab • V alue— defi nes the distance or time used to recor d the track log. • Save— allows you to save the current active track log. • Erase— allows you to clear the active track log currently stored in memory . Saved T ab The ‘Saved’ tab displays and manages a list of any save[...]

77 Reference Main Menu: DSC T ab DSC T ab— allows to control and set up DSC (Digital Selective Calling) features on the unit. What is Digital selective calling (DSC)? Digital Selective Calling (DSC) uses marine VHF radio and Global Positioning System (GPS) technolo- gies to transmit and receive location information. DSC is used by mariners to ass[...]

78 Main Menu: DSC T ab Reference HOW ARE MMSI ASSIGNMENTS OBT AINED? Non-commercial users (e.g. r ecreational users who remain in domestic waters and only carry VHF , EPIRB (Emergency Position Indicating Radio Beacons), and Radar) ar e not required to have a FCC ship station license. The FCC and Coast Guard have authorized some second and thir d pa[...]

79 Main Menu: DSC T ab Reference MMSI number attached to the call (if you have DSC support). Any DSC-equipped mariner (on sea or land) within range can receive the call. When the Garmin GPSMAP 188/188C/238 is connected to a VHF with DSC support, the GPS unit displays a Call List, Log, and a Directory available to store incoming information received[...]

80 Main Menu: DSC T ab Reference DSC Call List The DSC Call List displays the current calls received. The GPS can manage up to 50 calls. When ‘calls’ are received, they ar e updated constantly to give the most current information, even if the unit is left unattended. Any entry from the Call List can be selected to show an Entry Review . DSC Log[...]

81 Main Menu: DSC T ab Reference T here are two ways to add a new entry into the directory . T o add a new Directory entry: 1. Press Menu, then highlight ‘New Item’ and press ENTER/MARK . 2. Or , with the Directory T ab highlighted press the Arrow Keypad DO WN , highlight an empty fi eld and press ENTER/MARK to access the New Directory Item wi[...]

82 Main Menu: DSC/Card T abs Reference Car d T ab A user also has the ability to simulate a Distress Call or a Position Report on this page. This is help- ful for practice before connecting to the real system. The Distr ess Call simulator also helps to check if alarms are working pr operly . T o run a simulation: 1. Place the chartplotter into simu[...]

83 Reference Time T ab— displays the current time and date, allows you to adjust the 12 or 24-hour time format, enter a time zone, and adjust for daylight savings to show correct local time. The following options are available: • T ime Format – choose from 12 or 24-hour (military) time format. • T ime Zone – choose your correct time zone [...]

84 Reference Main Menu: T emp T ab/ System T ab Map T ab— contains setup options for the Map Page. See pages 29-32. Hiway T ab— contains setup options for the Highway Page. See pages 42-43. T emp (T emperature) T ab— displays the water temperature log (if equipped with a temperature transducer/sensor). The chart reads fr om right to left, so [...]

85 Reference Main Menu: System T ab/ Units T ab T rack* – lets you enter a heading. Speed* – lets you enter a speed. T ransducer* – lets you simulate using a Depth Only , T emp Only , or T emp/Speed transducer . * These fi elds will only appear when the unit is in Simulator Mode. • System Information – displays the unit’ s software, ba[...]

86 Reference Main Menu: Units T ab • Map Datum – allows you to manually select the datum refer ence used to determine a given posi- tion. The default setting is ‘WGS 84’. The unit will automatically choose the best datum depending upon your chosen position format. Datums are used to describe geographic positions for surveying, mapping, and [...]

87 Reference Main Menu: Comm T ab Comm (Communications) T ab— lets you control the input/output format used when connecting your GPSMAP 188/188C/238 Sounder to external NMEA devices, a DGPS beacon receiver , a personal computer , another Garmin GPSMAP 188/188C/238 Sounder , etc. If a DGPS receiver is used, W AAS capability will automatically be t[...]

88 Reference Main Menu: Comm tab T o select a transfer mode: 1. Use the ARROW KEYP AD to select ‘Garmin Data T ransfer’ in the ‘Serial Data Format’ fi eld. 2. Highlight the ‘T ransfer Mode’ fi eld and press ENTER . 3. Use the ARROW KEYP AD to select the desired setting and press ENTER . Y ou may also adjust the NMEA output to enable/d[...]

89 Reference Main Menu: Comm T ab The “Status” fi eld will show one of the following: • T uning – unit is attempting to tune to the specifi ed frequency and bit rate. • Scanning – unit is automatically scanning thr ough the frequencies and bit rates. • Receiving – unit is receiving DGPS signal and r eady for operation. • Check W[...]

90 Reference Main Menu: Comm T ab/ Alarm T ab Advanced NMEA Output Setup The GPSMAP 188/188C/238 Sounder NMEA data transmission can be customized to change the precision of the Lat/Lon minutes, set up the waypoint IDs, and keep the output rate at two seconds. If the unit is set up to output all of the available NMEA sentences, the output rate may e[...]

91 Reference Main Menu: Alarm T ab Battery – sets an alarm to sound when the battery is reaching a critical state of dischar ge. DGPS – sets an alarm to sound when the unit loses a dif ferential fi x. Accuracy – sets an alarm to sound when the GPS position accuracy falls outside the user -set value. Nav T ab Anchor Drag – sets an alarm to [...]

92 Appendix A Antenna Installation Installing the GPSMAP 188/188C/238 Sounder The GPSMAP 188/188C/238 Sounder must be properly installed accor ding to the following instructions to get the best possible performance. T o complete the installation, you’ll need the appr o- priate fasteners and a 1” x 14-thread marine antenna mount available at mos[...]

93 Appendix A Unit Installation Mounting the GPSMAP 188/188C/238 Sounder Unit The GPSMAP 188/188C/238 Sounder’ s compact, waterpr oof case is suitable for mounting in exposed locations or at the nav station. The unit comes with a gimbal bracket that can be used for surface or overhead mounting. When choosing a location for the display unit, make [...]

94 Appendix A Unit Installation The GPSMAP 188/188C/238 Sounder can be fl ush mounted on a fl at panel. When fl ush mounting the GPSMAP 188/188C/238 Sounder , be sure to choose an appr opriately sized location for the unit and leave 1.25” (32mm) clearance below the data card slot for inserting/r emoving data cards. For fl ush mounting the GPS[...]

95 Appendix A Wiring and Interfacing Connecting the Power/Data Cable The power/data cable connects the GPSMAP 188/238 Sounder to a 8-35 (GPSMAP 188C 10-35) volt DC system and provides interface capabilities for connecting external devices. The color code in the diagram below indicates the appropriate harness connections. Interfacing The following f[...]

96 Appendix A Selecting a T ransducer T ransducers The transducer acts as the eyes and ears of your new sonar . Proper transducer selection and installation are critical to the operation of your unit. The transducer transmits sound waves towar d the bottom in a cone shape. The larger the cone angle, the lar ger the coverage area at a given depth. A[...]

97 Appendix A Mounting the T ransducer Proper transducer installation is key to getting the best performance fr om your new unit. If the transducer lead is too short, extension cables are available fr om your Garmin dealer . DO NOT cut the transducer lead or any part of the transducer cable, as this will void your warranty . The cable cannot be spl[...]

98 Appendix A Mounting the T ransducer T o avoid drilling a hole to mount a thru-hull transducer , a transom mount transducer may be used with epoxy inside a boat (“shoot-thru-hull” installation). For a transducer to be mounted inside the hull (shoot-thru, not thru-hull), the boat must be fi berglass, no core (contact your boat manufactur er i[...]

99 Appendix A T esting the Installation T esting the Installation While it is possible to perform some checks with the boat trailered, the boat should be in the water to properly test the sonar portion of the installation. Press the POWER button and the GPSMAP 188/188C/238 Sounder should power on. If the unit fails to power on, verify that the wiri[...]

100 Appendix B Installing and Removing Data Cards Once the data car d has been r ead, a summary scr een appears. Pr ess ENTER to acknowledge. Installing and Removing Data Cards The GPSMAP 188/188C/238 Sounder uses optional Garmin marine BlueChart and MapSource data cards to display digital charts and maps on-scr een. Y ou may also transfer user dat[...]

101 Appendix C Maintenance Cleaning The GPSMAP 188/188C/238 Sounder is constructed of high quality materials and does not require user maintenance other than cleaning. Clean the unit using a cloth dampened with a mild detergent solution and then wipe dry . A void chemical cleaners and solvents that may damage plastic components. WARNING: T he GPSMA[...]

On the Units T ab of the Main Menu, pr ess MENU , then highlight ‘Loran TD On’ and pr ess ENTER to select Loran TD. Or , highlight the Position Format fi eld, highlight ‘Loran TD’ and pr ess ENTER to select Loran TD. 102 Appendix D Loran TD Loran TD System LORAN C is a radio navigation aid operated and maintained in the United States by th[...]

103 Appendix D Loran TD T o select the Loran TD position format: 1. On the Units tab of the Main Menu, press MENU , highlight ‘Loran TD On’ and press ENTER . OR: 1. On the Units tab of the Main Menu, highlight the P osition F ormat fi eld and press ENTER . 2. Highlight ‘Loran TD’ and press ENTER . The ‘LORAN TD Setup’ window contains t[...]

104 Appendix E Map Datum Adindan Adindan- Ethiopia, Mali, Senegal, Sudan Afgooye Afgooye- Somalia AIN EL ABD ‘70 AIN EL ANBD 1970- Bahrain Island, Saudi Arabia Anna 1 Ast ‘65 Anna 1 Astr o ‘65- Cocos I. ARC 1950 ARC 1950- Botswana, Lesotho, Malawi, Swaziland, Zaire, Zambia, Zimbabwe ARC 1960 Kenya, T anzania Ascnsn Isld ‘58 Ascension Island[...]

105 Appendix E Map Datum Kandawala Kandawala- Sri Lanka Kerguelen Islnd Ker guelen Island Kertau 1948 W est Malaysia, Singapore L. C. 5 Astro Cayman Brac Island Liberia 1964 Liberia 1964- Liberia Luzon Mindanao Luzon- Mindanao Island Luzon Philippine Luzon- Philippines (excluding Mindanao Isl.) Mahe 1971 Mahe 1971- Mahe Island Marco Astr o Marco As[...]

106 Appendix F Messages Battery V oltage High Please Check Connection— Input DC voltage is too high for unit. Battery V oltage Low Please Check Connection— Input DC voltage is too low for unit. Boat is Not Moving Fast Enough to Calibrate— Speed wheel is not turning. Check for debris or boat speed is too slow . Database Error— Internal pr ob[...]

107 Appendix F Messages Proximity Alarm List is Full— Y ou have used all ten proximity waypoints. Proximity Alarm W aypoint— Y ou have entered the alarm radius for the proximity waypoint indicated. Proximity Overlaps Another Pr oximity W aypoint— The alarm radius specifi ed overlaps the area specifi ed for another proximity waypoint. Adjust[...]

108 Appendix G Navigation T erms A vg Speed— The average of all second-by-second speed readings since last reset. Bearing (BRG)— The compass direction fr om your present position to a destination waypoint. Course— The desired course between the active ‘fr om’ and ‘to’ waypoints. Distance (Dist)— The ‘great cir cle’ distance from[...]

109 Appendix G Navigation T erms position readings. Off Course— The distance you are of f a desired course in either direction, left or right. Also r eferred to as ‘cross-track err or’ or ‘course error’. Speed— The current velocity at which you are travelling, r elative to a ground position. Also r eferred to as ‘ground speed’. Time[...]

110 Time Offsets Appendix H The chart below gives an approximate UTC (Universal T ime Coordinate) time of fset for the various longitudinal zones. Check with local charts for more detailed information. If you are in daylight savings time, add one hour to the offset. Longitudinal Zone Offset W180.0º to W172.5º -12 W172.5º to W157.5º -11 W157.5º[...]

111 Appendix I Understanding Sonar Understanding Sonar If you are unfamiliar with basic sonar , or need help determining what is displayed on the graph, this section may be for you. This section is intended to help the novice user gain some understand- ing of how the GPSMAP 188/188C/238 Sounder operates and how it can help improve their fi shing p[...]

112 Appendix I T ransducer Cover age T ransducer Cover age The area covered by the transmitted sound waves is determined by the cone angle of the transducer and the water depth. Cone angles may vary between different types of transducers. For example, a 50kHz frequency may pr ovide a “wide” 40° cone angle, with a coverage width that is approxi[...]

113 Appendix I Understanding the Chart Understanding the Gr aph It is important to understand that the unit does not display a 3-D representation of the underwater environment. The unit can display multiple things at the same time, but cannot determine wher e the return originated – only when it was received. Examples 1 and 2 provide a look at th[...]

114 Appendix I Understanding the Chart Whiteline The GPSMAP 188/188C/238 can help you to determine if the bottom is hard or soft. When the sonar soundwaves are refl ected back by the bottom, a har d bottom will return a stronger signal than a soft bottom. A thin whiteline indicates a softer bottom while a thick whiteline indicates a harder bot- to[...]

115 Appendix I Understanding the Chart Thermoclines One of the unique features of fered by Garmin is See-Thru technology . See-Thru technology allows the GPSMAP 188/188C/238 to “see” through thermoclines and helps locate fi sh where they live; and fi sh love thermoclines! A rough defi nition of a thermocline is a break in water where the wat[...]

116 Appendix J Specifi cations Physical Specifi cations Size: 188: 6.2" H x 6.3" W x 2.6" D (15.8cm x 16.0cm x 6.6cm) 188C: 6.2" H x 6.3" W x 3.7" D (15.8 cm x 16.0 cm x 9.4 cm) 238: 7.5" H x 7.7" W x 2.6" D (19.1 x 19.6 x 6.6 cm) W eight: 188: 1.7 lbs. (.77Kg); 188C: 2.6 lbs. (1.18 kg); 238: 2 lbs. (.[...]

117 Appendix J Specifi cations DGPS (W AAS) Accuracy Position: 3 meters (10 feet), 95% typical* V elocity: 0.05 meters/sec steady state Dynamics: 6g's * W arm = all data known; Cold = position, time and almanac known; AutoLocate = almanac known, position and time unknown; Skysearch = no data known. ** Subject to accuracy degradation to 100m 2[...]

118 Index Appendix K A Accessories . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vi Accuracy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69 Accuracy Alarm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91 Accuracy Circle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 Active Route Page . . . . .[...]

119 Appendix K Index GPS Status . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3, 68-70 ‘Go T o’ a Point . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 3- 54 Going to a Destination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-12, 53-54 H Heading . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 6 Heading Line . . . . . . . . . . .[...]

120 Appendix K Index Registration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . i Restore Unit Defaults . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85 Reviewing W aypoints . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48 Route List Page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59 Route Review Page . . . . . . . . [...]

121 Appendix K Index W arnings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . i i i W arranty . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . i v W ater Immersion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 0 1 W ater Speed, Calibrating . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 0 W ater T emp Alarm . . .[...]

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