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Garmin GPS manual

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The rules should oblige the seller to give the purchaser an operating instrucion of Garmin GPS, along with an item. The lack of an instruction or false information given to customer shall constitute grounds to apply for a complaint because of nonconformity of goods with the contract. In accordance with the law, a customer can receive an instruction in non-paper form; lately graphic and electronic forms of the manuals, as well as instructional videos have been majorly used. A necessary precondition for this is the unmistakable, legible character of an instruction.

What is an instruction?

The term originates from the Latin word „instructio”, which means organizing. Therefore, in an instruction of Garmin GPS one could find a process description. An instruction's purpose is to teach, to ease the start-up and an item's use or performance of certain activities. An instruction is a compilation of information about an item/a service, it is a clue.

Unfortunately, only a few customers devote their time to read an instruction of Garmin GPS. A good user manual introduces us to a number of additional functionalities of the purchased item, and also helps us to avoid the formation of most of the defects.

What should a perfect user manual contain?

First and foremost, an user manual of Garmin GPS should contain:
- informations concerning technical data of Garmin GPS
- name of the manufacturer and a year of construction of the Garmin GPS item
- rules of operation, control and maintenance of the Garmin GPS item
- safety signs and mark certificates which confirm compatibility with appropriate standards

Why don't we read the manuals?

Usually it results from the lack of time and certainty about functionalities of purchased items. Unfortunately, networking and start-up of Garmin GPS alone are not enough. An instruction contains a number of clues concerning respective functionalities, safety rules, maintenance methods (what means should be used), eventual defects of Garmin GPS, and methods of problem resolution. Eventually, when one still can't find the answer to his problems, he will be directed to the Garmin service. Lately animated manuals and instructional videos are quite popular among customers. These kinds of user manuals are effective; they assure that a customer will familiarize himself with the whole material, and won't skip complicated, technical information of Garmin GPS.

Why one should read the manuals?

It is mostly in the manuals where we will find the details concerning construction and possibility of the Garmin GPS item, and its use of respective accessory, as well as information concerning all the functions and facilities.

After a successful purchase of an item one should find a moment and get to know with every part of an instruction. Currently the manuals are carefully prearranged and translated, so they could be fully understood by its users. The manuals will serve as an informational aid.

Table of contents for the manual

  • Page 1

    GPS Field guide © WHO 2002[...]

  • Page 2

    09/25/02 GPS_field_guide 8:19 A9/P9 2 CONTENTS CHAPTER 1: I NTRODUCT ION TO GPS 1.1 What is GPS ?…………………………………………………………...2 1.2 How does GPS work ?…………………………………………………..3 1.3 Source of GPS signal errors……………………………………………...7 CHAPTER 2: [...]

  • Page 3

    09/25/02 GPS_field_guide 8:19 A9/P9 3 CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION TO GPS 1.1 What is GPS? The Global Positioning System (GPS) is a syst e m allowi ng to precise ly identi fy loc ations on the earth 's surface. The GPS system has 3 parts (Figure 1): · The Spac e segment : a network of 24 satellites placed into orb it (Figure 2). The first GPS sate[...]

  • Page 4

    09/25/02 GPS_field_guide 8:19 A9/P9 4 1.2 How does GPS work? GPS satellites circle the Earth twice a day in a very precise orbit at an altitude of around 19 000 Kilo metr es ( Fig ure 2) . T his co nste llatio n al lows a ny u ser to acc ess be twee n fi ve and eight sate llites from any point on the Earth . Figure 2 : The GPS Satellite network Eac[...]

  • Page 5

    09/25/02 GPS_field_guide 8:19 A9/P9 5 The receiver: 1. Calculates the distance to the first satellite he is able to catch. Let's suppose that the receiver calculates a di stance of 17 '000 km between this first satellite and the receive r. This will mean that the receiv er is located somewhere on a sphere that is centred on this first sat[...]

  • Page 6

    09/25/02 GPS_field_guide 8:19 A9/P9 6 3. Repeats the operation mentioned under point 2 with a third satellite. In our ex ample the receiver finds out that it is 20,000 km from the third satellite which narrows its position down even further, to the two poi nts (Figure 5 point b) wher e the 20,000 km sphere cuts through the circle reported on Figure[...]

  • Page 7

    09/25/02 GPS_field_guide 8:19 A9/P9 7 1.3 Sources of GPS signal errors Even if today's GPS receivers a re ext remely accurate, c ertain atmosphe ric factors and other sources of error c an affect the accura cy of GPS recei vers. If most of the sources of e rror are unavoid able, i t is important for the user to be aware o f the ones that he ca[...]

  • Page 8

    09/25/02 GPS_field_guide 8:19 A9/P9 8 There m a y also be so urces o f si gnal mult ipath ( i.e on Fi gure 8) occur ring whe n the GPS signal is reflect ed off these o bj ects before r eaching th e rece iver. This incre ases the travel time of the sign al and c reat es erro rs of d ista nce es timatio n be twee n the satelli te and the receiver. ·[...]

  • Page 9

    09/25/02 GPS_field_guide 8:19 A9/P9 9 CHAPTER 2: WHY USING GPS IN THE CONTEXT OF THE WHO WHS ? The fir st reason for using GPS in the WHS context is the added value it gives to the survey by allowing the geographical dimension to be taken into account without requiring impor tant inve stment (many GPS receivers are inexpensive, GPS data is free, an[...]

  • Page 10

    09/25/02 GPS_field_guide 8:19 A9/P9 10 CHAPTER 3: THE GARMIN ETREX UNIT The Garm in eT rex G PS re ceive r h as be en chos en fo r t he WH O W HS b ecaus e i t i s eas y to use and inexpensive. Its utilisation in the c ontext of diffe rent survey s operated in the field has proven its suitability for this kind of work. This device is completely wat[...]

  • Page 11

    09/25/02 GPS_field_guide 8:19 A9/P9 11 Figure 10 - Back view of the G armin eTrex device Table 1 describes the elements report ed on the Figures 9 and 10 Inside the waterproo f case are located a set of electronic compone nts that allow the receiv er to perform different operations and to disp la y the final result on the L CD screen through a spec[...]

  • Page 12

    09/25/02 GPS_field_guide 8:19 A9/P9 12 1. Intern al GPS Antenna This antenna a llows the receiver to tr ack satellites sig nals. Thus, when using the GPS, the unit should be parallel to the ground and facing upwards. Apart from the cover of the hol ster nothing should be put on this part of the unit as this may stop satellite signal. 2. LCD Displa [...]

  • Page 13

    09/25/02 GPS_field_guide 8:19 A9/P9 13 3.2 Utilisati on of the eT rex unit This se ction presents th e major elements th at will be used in the contex t of the WHO W HS. It introduces you to the basic features of th e eTrex as well as some b asic definitions of terms in a more detailed way tha n presented on the Quic k Reference guide. 3.2.1 Instal[...]

  • Page 14

    09/25/02 GPS_field_guide 8:19 A9/P9 14 3.2.3 The Garmin eTrex Pages Th e eTr ex op erat ing s yst em i s c omp osed o f dif fer ent pa ges or ganise d i n a hi era rchic al wa y starti ng fro m 4 m ain pa ges (Fi gure 12 ). Th e 'NOR MAL S KYV IEW SATELLIT E' p age is one of them. To Switch from one of these main pa ge to the other you ha[...]

  • Page 15

    09/25/02 GPS_field_guide 8:19 A9/P9 15 This information concerns: - The Status of the device. Two t ype of messages can appear: a) "WAIT… LOCATING SATELLITES" indicat ing that the r eceiver is tracking satellite sig nals. b) "READY TO N AVIGATE" i ndicating that the rec eiver has found satellit e signals strong enough to know [...]

  • Page 16

    09/25/02 GPS_field_guide 8:19 A9/P9 16 You can access to these two pa ges by pressing the ENTER button from the 'NORMAL SKYVIEW SATELLITE' page in order to open the 'OPTIONS' w indow. From there you can use the UP and DOWN but tons to h ighli ght the pa ge you want to acces s and press the ENTER button. Once you have finished wo[...]

  • Page 17

    09/25/02 GPS_field_guide 8:19 A9/P9 17 The 'ADVANCED SKYVIEW SATELLITE' page Thi s page con tain s the sam e eleme nts as the ' NORM AL SKYV IEW S ATELLI TE ' page but presented in a different graphical way (Figure 16). This display gives more information about the location of the satellites in the sky (represented as a numbere [...]

  • Page 18

    09/25/02 GPS_field_guide 8:19 A9/P9 18 Figure 17 - The ' MENU' page There are two options of interest for the W HS on the 'MENU' page: the 'MARK' and 'SETUP' ones. The Figure 18 allows you to visualise how to access to the structure of these two options. Figure 18 - Scheme to access the 'MARK' and &[...]

  • Page 19

    09/25/02 GPS_field_guide 8:19 A9/P9 19 The 'MARK WAYPOINT' option page Once the GPS receiver has be en set-up and that the user has found an op en area for the reading, this pag e will allow the user to visualise his location (Figure 19). Th e other information or options re ported on this pag e will not be used in the context of the WHS.[...]

  • Page 20

    09/25/02 GPS_field_guide 8:19 A9/P9 20 The 'UNITS' se tup page This page (Figure 21) allows the user to set up the units of the differ ent parameters. I t is important to make sur e that this pag e contains the setting specific to the WHS as indicated in t he Figure 21 a) and in the Quick R eference Gui de. Figure 21 - The 'UNITS&apo[...]

  • Page 21

    09/25/02 GPS_field_guide 8:19 A9/P9 21 CHAPTER 4: TROUBLESHOOTING 4. 1 eTrex do es not turn on: 1. Check to see if the batter ies a re installe d correctly and if the battery te rminals are clean. 2. If the eTrex does not turn on after point 1: place a fresh set of AA batte ries in the unit (r efer to Quick Reference Guide point n° 3 ' In sta[...]

  • Page 22

    09/25/02 GPS_field_guide 8:19 A9/P9 22 - eTrex then asks: 'IS TODAY dd-mmm-yy?'. Two possibilities: a) The date indicated matches the curr ent date : · Press UP/ DOWN buttons · Highlight 'YES' and press the ENTER button, the eTRe x will conti nue tr acki ng satellite s and sw itch to the Satellite page. b) The date is incor re[...]

  • Page 23

    09/25/02 GPS_field_guide 8:19 A9/P9 23 4.6 eTrex does n ot disp lay the lo cal time in th e 'SE TUP' pa ge The eTrex operate s on universal time (or GMT, Gree nwich Mean Time ). It is not necessary to have your local time display e d. Do not worry about a wron g display ed time. 4.7. T h e geographic coordinat es I get are outside the ran[...]

  • Page 24

    09/25/02 GPS_field_guide 8:19 A9/P9 24 GLOSSARY Accuracy : How close to t he real valu e a measur ement is. Backlight: Se lectable on/off illumination that lig hts the display f or enhanced screen a t night and in low lig ht. Contrast: The di fference betw een the li ghtest and darkest a reas on a displa y screen. Coordinates : The unique descripti[...]

  • Page 25

    09/25/02 GPS_field_guide 8:19 A9/P9 25 Variance: In this context correspond to the errors in magnetic compass re adings caused b y variance in the earth 's magne tic field at different locations on the planet. Waypoint: Current location on the face of the Earth, in terms of the specific latitude/long itude coordinates. BIBLIOGRAPHY / LINKS Thi[...]