English dropdown-ico

Nikon HO97859 manual

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24

Go to page of

Similar user manuals

A good user manual

The rules should oblige the seller to give the purchaser an operating instrucion of Nikon HO97859, along with an item. The lack of an instruction or false information given to customer shall constitute grounds to apply for a complaint because of nonconformity of goods with the contract. In accordance with the law, a customer can receive an instruction in non-paper form; lately graphic and electronic forms of the manuals, as well as instructional videos have been majorly used. A necessary precondition for this is the unmistakable, legible character of an instruction.

What is an instruction?

The term originates from the Latin word „instructio”, which means organizing. Therefore, in an instruction of Nikon HO97859 one could find a process description. An instruction's purpose is to teach, to ease the start-up and an item's use or performance of certain activities. An instruction is a compilation of information about an item/a service, it is a clue.

Unfortunately, only a few customers devote their time to read an instruction of Nikon HO97859. A good user manual introduces us to a number of additional functionalities of the purchased item, and also helps us to avoid the formation of most of the defects.

What should a perfect user manual contain?

First and foremost, an user manual of Nikon HO97859 should contain:
- informations concerning technical data of Nikon HO97859
- name of the manufacturer and a year of construction of the Nikon HO97859 item
- rules of operation, control and maintenance of the Nikon HO97859 item
- safety signs and mark certificates which confirm compatibility with appropriate standards

Why don't we read the manuals?

Usually it results from the lack of time and certainty about functionalities of purchased items. Unfortunately, networking and start-up of Nikon HO97859 alone are not enough. An instruction contains a number of clues concerning respective functionalities, safety rules, maintenance methods (what means should be used), eventual defects of Nikon HO97859, and methods of problem resolution. Eventually, when one still can't find the answer to his problems, he will be directed to the Nikon service. Lately animated manuals and instructional videos are quite popular among customers. These kinds of user manuals are effective; they assure that a customer will familiarize himself with the whole material, and won't skip complicated, technical information of Nikon HO97859.

Why one should read the manuals?

It is mostly in the manuals where we will find the details concerning construction and possibility of the Nikon HO97859 item, and its use of respective accessory, as well as information concerning all the functions and facilities.

After a successful purchase of an item one should find a moment and get to know with every part of an instruction. Currently the manuals are carefully prearranged and translated, so they could be fully understood by its users. The manuals will serve as an informational aid.

Table of contents for the manual

  • Page 1

    PC-Nikkor 35mm f/2.8 Nikon INSTRUCTION MANUAL[...]

  • Page 2

    NOMENCLATURE Preset ring alignment index Preset ring Aperture ring Distance scale Depth-of-field indicators In frared index Distance scale index 2[...]

  • Page 3

    Apertu re scale Aperture rin g alignment index Focusing rin g Shift scale Shift knob Maximum p er missible shift value inde x Maximum permissible shift values Mounti index 3[...]

  • Page 4

    CONTENTS Foreword ........ ...... .. .4 Mou nti ng the lens .......... . 5 S etting the aperture . . .. - . . .... 6 Stop-down measurement. .. .. - . 7 Focusing ............ ... .. 8 Depth of field .. ...... .. ... 9 Shift and rotation movement. .. 10 Maximum permissible shift ... 11 Framing ................. 12 Panoramas .. .... ..... .... 16 Dept[...]

  • Page 5

    MOUNTING THE LENS The PC-Nikkor 35mm fj2.8 mounts on all Nikon and Nikkormat cameras. To mount the lens, position it in the camera's bayonet mount so that the mounting index dots on the lens and the camera are aligned. Then, grasp the milled surface of the mounting ring and twist the lens counterclockwise until it clicks and locks into place. [...]

  • Page 6

    SETTING THE APERTURE 6 The PC-Nikkor is provided with a manual diaphragm operable from f/2.8 to f/32 and a spring-loaded preset ring to aid in setting the diaphragm quickly to the shooting aperture; a total of eight click-stop positions, at full - stop intervals, makes for precise placement of the preset ring. Also, identical sets of f/numbers are [...]

  • Page 7

    Stopped-Down Measurement The PC-Nikkor lens must be stopped down to deter- mine the exposure when used on TTL cameras. Because the finder image progressively becomes darker as the lens is stopped down, you should focus first before taking a meter re a ding . It is important to note that exposure measurement must be performed before the lens is shif[...]

  • Page 8

    FOCUSING 8 The aperture and preset rings of the PC-Nikkor enable focusing at full aperture for the brightest viewfinder image, with rapid setting of the diaphragm to the pre- set shooting aperture. Having set the preset ring to the desired aperture setting, focus as follows: Turn the aperture ring to the f/2.8 setting to open the diaphragm fully fo[...]

  • Page 9

    Depth of Field Depth of field refers to the zone of acceptab l e focus extend in g in front of and behind the plane of sharpest focus. Within this zone, image blur is negligible and everything can be considered as being in sharp focus. T a observe the depth of field with the PC-N ikkor lens, it is necessary to manually set the diaphragm to the requ[...]

  • Page 10

    SHIFT AND ROTATION MOVEMENT 10 The front part of the PC-Nikkor shifts up to 11 mm from the center in a plane parallel to the film, and the whole lens mount rotates through a full 360 0 . By combining the parallel shift with the rotation movement of the lens, an infinite variety of adjust - ments can be made. To shift the lens, turn the knurled shif[...]

  • Page 11

    Maximum Permissible Shift Depending on the direction of shift, however, there is a maximum permissible shift, beyond which distortion and/or vignetting may occur in the picture corners, because the film format is rectangular while image area produced by the lens is circular. The amount of maxi- mum permissible shift (7, 8 or 11) is indicated in mil[...]

  • Page 12

    FRAMING As long as the camera is held in a position parallel to the subject when shooting, it reproduces scenes more or less as the eye see s them , with no unpleasant per - spective distortion. However, shooting from this position often produces unbalanced composition, since the camera is usually used close to ground level. Much unwanted foregroun[...]

  • Page 13

    Inevitably, the camera must be tilted in order to include the top of the building and minimize the foreground (Fig. 2). But with the camera tilted , the plane of the film is no longer parallel to the subject, and because the image size varies according to subject distance, the nearer parts of the subject are repro- duced on a scale larger than thos[...]

  • Page 14

    FRAMING - continued The PC-Nikkor's shift and rotation movements enable you to create balanced composition without tilting the camera, so that the film remains parallel to the plane of the subject (Fig. 3). To photograph a tall building, hold the camera parallel to the plane of the building. Rotate the lens mount until the milled knob points d[...]

  • Page 15

    [...]

  • Page 16

    PANORAMAS The shift movement of the PC-Nikkor can also be used for making panoramic pictures by joining exposures. Its advan- tage over the normal lens mounted on panoramic equipment is that it enables you to maintain exactly the same film plane in both exposures so that the fin- ished photographs will match exact l y. With the ordinary lens, the c[...]

  • Page 17

    To take panoramic shots, place the lens in normal position, shift scale facing upward, and operate the milled shift knob to shift the lens as far to the left as possible. Compose, focus, and shoot. With- out moving the camera, wind the film advance lever to advance the film one frame, and rotate the lens mount through 180 0 so that the shift scale [...]

  • Page 18

    PANORAMAS - continued These two exposures together cover a horizontal angle of 78° without turning the camera, 4° more than the range of a 24mm wideangle lens, and with the added advantage of larger image size. The table below gives a comparison of the angles of various wideangle lenses and the PC-Nikkor panorama range. In making a vertical panor[...]

  • Page 19

    PC-Nikkor 35mm 24mm :o~din:;~::-----~ 1 ------------: • • • • • • I • I • • •[...]

  • Page 20

    DEPTH-Of-fiELD TABLES (ttl jZ Reproduction 2.8 4 .0 5.6 8.0 11 .0 16 .0 22.0 32.0 It r atio 10 7" 1" "6- 1 ';(; 13" 1" 1116- 1 '6 13" 3" 11;(;-1'16 11" 1" 11;(;-1'4 5" 3" 11 6 -1'6 1" 9" 11"2- 1 ';(; 11~'-1't 1" 3" 11;(;-1'1;[...]

  • Page 21

    (m) ~ 2.8 4.0 5.6 8.0 11 .0 16 .0 22.0 32 .0 Reproduction rat io 0. 30 0 . 298-0.302 0. 297-0.303 0 . 296-0 . 305 0 . 294-0.307 0 . 292 - 0.309 0.288-0 . 314 0.284-0 . 319 0 . 278 - 0. 329 1/5 .3 0 . 35 0 . 346-0 . 354 0 . 345 -0 . 355 0 . 343 - 0 . 358 0. 340-0 . 361 0 . 336 - 0 . 365 0.331 -0 . 373 0324-0.383 0. 314-0.401 1/6.7 0.40 0 . 395 -0.40[...]

  • Page 22

    CLOSE-UP TABLES Unit · in c h(cm} l e ns in no rmal po s it io n Cl ose-u p attac hm en ts R e produ ct ion S ubj e ct fie ld Foc u se d d is tan ce rati o Cl ose -up Lens No . O 1/39 - 1/ 4 .6 36 .6 x 55 .3 - 4 .5 x 6.6 (93.6 x l40 - 11 .5X 1 7 . 2) 60. 1 - 11 .2 ( 1 53 -26 . 5) Cl ose-u p len s No . 1 1/ 1 9-1/ 4. 3 17.6 x 26 .3 - 4.0 X6 .0 (4 4[...]

  • Page 23

    FEATURES/SPECIFICATIONS Focal length: 35mm Maximum aperture: f/2 .8 Lens construction: 7 ele ments in 7 g roups Picture angle: 62 ° Covering power : 78 ° Distance scale: Graduated in meters and feet from O.3m (1 ft) to infinity (00) Aperture scale: f/2.8 - f/32 Diaphragm: M a nu a l type with preset ring for convenience when setting the diaphragm[...]

  • Page 24

    No reproduction in any form of this manual, in whole or in part (except for brief quotation in critical articles or reviews) , may be made without written authorization from NIKON CORPORAT I ON . NIKON CORPORATION Nikon FUJI BLDG ., 2-3, MARUNOUCHI ~HOME, CH I YODA-KU, TOKYO 100 , JAPAN PHONE : 81-3-214-5311 TELEX: J22601 (NIKON) FAX : 81-3-201-585[...]