Sony SF-10000 manual

P r o 1 0 Sound For ge ™ User Manual[...]

[...]

Revised February 4, 2010 What’ s new in version 10? • Event -based editing. F o r more information, see Using the Event T ool on page 161 . • Disc-at-once CD bur ning. F or more information, see Burning disc- at- once (DAO) CDs on page 292 . • Enhanced timestret ch and pitch shifting with th e élastique Timestret c h plug-in. For more info[...]

Customer service/sales F or a de tailed list of Customer Service options, we encourage you to visit http://www.son ycreativesoftware.com/su ppor t/custserv.asp . Use the following numbers for telephone suppor t during normal weekday business hours: T elephone/F ax Country (800) 577-6642 (toll-free) US, Canada, and Virgin Islands (608) 204-7703 for [...]

Dolby , Dolby Digital A C-3, and AAC enc o ding This product contains one or more programs protected under intern ational and U .S. copyright laws as unpublished works. They are confidential and proprietary to Dolby Laboratories. Their reproduction or disclosu re, in whole or in part, or the production of derivative works therefrom without the expr[...]

Sony Cr eative Sof tware Inc. 1617 Sherman Avenue Madison, WI 53704 USA The information contained in this manual is subject to change without notice and does not represent a guarant ee or commitment o n behalf of Sony Creative Software Inc. in any way . All updates or additional information relating to the contents of this manual will be pos ted o [...]

T able of C onten ts Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 Introducing Sound Forge Pro software . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 Sample files . . . . . . . . . . . [...]

Metadata windows (continued) Summary Inf ormation win dow (Ctrl +Alt+M, 7) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 Data windows . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 Data window c omponen ts[...]

Multichannel files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51 Working w ith multic hannel file s . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51 Selecting da ta in multic hannel f[...]

Selecting status formats . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79 Experiment ing with status formats . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80 Configuring th e Measure s & Beats fo rmat[...]

Changing File Properties and Form ats . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99 Editing file properties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99 Editing file pro perties in the File Propertie s window . . . [...]

Using markers (continued) Triggering a marker us ing MIDI comm ands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116 Using marke rs to create regions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 6 Detecting and marking clipping[...]

Recording and Extracting Aud io . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135 Recording audio . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135 Specifyi ng recording and play back option s . . . . . . .[...]

Editing events (continued) Pasting events . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 163 Mixing events . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [...]

Sound Forge processes (continued) Fade - Fade O ut . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 84 Invert/Flip . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [...]

Adjusting envelopes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 207 Adding envelop e points . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 207 Flipping an en velope . . . . . . . . [...]

Using impulse files in creative ways (continued) Recreating spa ces for fo ley effects and dialog replac ement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 224 Panning with head-related t ransfer fu nctions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 224 Troubleshooting the Acoustic[...]

Sending and receiving samples. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 244 Sending a sample . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 244 Receiving a sample . . . . . . . . . . . . .[...]

Looping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 261 Loops . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 261 Sustaining and r elease [...]

Using a spectrum graph . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 280 Displaying a spectrum g raph . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 280 Monitoring an input and o utput sou rce . . . [...]

Turning off the playback cursor and reco rd counter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 307 Turning off the channel (output) meters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 307 Turning on passive updating for time and video displays . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [...]

Keyboard shortcuts (continued) Navigation and playback shor tcuts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 2 Event tool ke yboard shor tcuts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 333 Record dialo [...]

Chapt Chapte er 1 r 1 Introduction Introducing Sound For ge Pro soft ware Thank you f or purchasing Sound Forge® P ro software and for your c o ntinued suppor t of the Sony Creative Software Inc. family of products. The soft ware provides you with the pow er ful features you have com e to e x pe c t, as we ll as a nu mb er of n ew fe at ure s de s[...]

Installing Sound F orge Pr o sof tware The install utility, setup .exe, located on the Sound F orge ap plic ation disc, creates the necessary folders and copies all files required to operate Soun d Forge software. 1. Place the Sound Fo rge application disc in the drive. The setup sc reen is displayed (if AutoPlay is enabled for your DVD drive). Not[...]

Inter ac tive tut orials Y ou can learn more about many of the f eatures in Sound F orge by using the interactive tutorials installed with the software. Y o u can access the tutorials at any time by choosing Inter active T utoria ls from the Help menu. Help on the W eb Additional Sound F orge information is available on the Sony Creativ e Software [...]

20 | CHAPTE R 1[...]

Chapter 2 Learning the Sound F orge P ro W orkspac e This chapter provides a detailed ov er view of Sound F orge® Pro toolbars and controls. Using the mouse The following table defines the mou se -related terms used throughout this man ual. Mouse T erm Descripti on Pointing Moving the mouse pointer over an item. Clicking Pointing to an item and qu[...]

The main windo w When you start the application, the main window is displayed. T he main wi ndow’ s workspace is where you per form all audio editin g. Channel Meters (docked) Standard toolbar Tr a n s p o r t b a r Menu ba r Wo r k s p a c e Status bar Main window c omponents The following table describes the major components of the main window.[...]

Floating and docking windows Y o ur workspace can become cl uttered quickly if you have several windows and toolbars visible. Y o u can create multiple window docks to organize y our Sound For ge win dows . These docks can be anchored to the perimeter of the Sound For g e workspace, or they can float over the w or kspace or on a secondary monitor .[...]

Hiding the window dock ing areas Y ou can double- click the separator between the workspace and window docking area to hide the docking area. Y ou can also use the following shor tcut keys to manage the wor kspace: Note: These shortcuts do not apply to floating docks. Shor tcut key Description F11 Show/hide windows docked at bottom of workspace. Sh[...]

Plug-In Chainer window ( Alt+9) The Plug-In Chainer window allows you to link up to 32 DirectX and VST plug-ins into a single processing chain. F rom the View menu, choose Plug-In Chainer to show or hide th e Plug-In Chaine r window . For more information, see Using the P lug-In Chainer on page 196 . Plug-In Manager window ( Ctrl+Alt+0) The Plug-In[...]

If you want to customize the f or mat for cop ying metada ta to the clipboard, right-click the window and choose Cus t om Co py to Clipboard from the shortcut menu. The Copy Metadata dialog is displayed to let you choose whether you want to cop y the data as formatt ed text or delimited text, set a delimiter , and choose whether you want to include[...]

ACID P roper ties window (Ctrl+A lt+M, 3) Fro m t h e View menu, choose Metadata , and then choose ACID Properties from the submenu to display the ACID P roper ties window , where you can view and edit A CID -specific information in a sound file. F or more information about creating ACID loops, see Creating loops for ACID softw are on page 267 Ite [...]

CD Information window (Ctrl+Alt+M, 5) Fro m t h e View menu, choose Metadata , and then choose CD Information from the submenu to display the CD I nformation window, where you can view and edit inf or mation about a disc-at-once audio CD. It em De scr ipt io n Universal Product Code/Media Catalog Number Universal product codes (UPC ) or media ca ta[...]

Ite m Des crip tion Sustain end Displays the end of the sustaining loop. Y ou can double -click the value to edit it. Editing the end will automatically update the Sustain length value. Sustain length Sustain count Release start Release end Displays the length of the sustainin g loop. Y ou can double - click the va lue to edit it. Ed iting the leng[...]

Fo urCC C ode Name Description ICMS Commissioned The name of the pe rson or organization that commissioned the subject of the file. ICMT Comments General comments about the file or the subject of the file. If the comment is severa l sentences long , end each sentence with a period. Do not include new-line characters. ICOP Copyright Copyright inform[...]

Data windows Data windows c o ntain audio data (as a wavef orm) as well as a nu mber of controls and commands us ed t o edit and process audio . Tit le ba r Time r uler Edit T ool Selector Lock Channel Selec tion Leve l ru le r Po si t i o n sc r o ll b a r Level zo om in/ out Overview bar Marker bar Wav e f o r m d i s p l ay CD layout bar Time zo[...]

Component Desc ription CD layout bar The CD layout bar displays information about the tracks you’ve cr eated for a disc-at-once CD . Ea ch CD track shows the track’ s number and leng th. A red indicator is dr awn at the end of the CD layout bar to rep resent the end of the disc (if the disc length is known). End-of- disc indicator Y ou can use [...]

Displaying data window components Y o u can customize the appearance of individual data windows. Fro m t h e Opt io ns menu , choose Data Window , and then choose components from the submenu to display or hide those components. Choose Set as D efault to set the current configuration as the d efault data window appearance . Tip : Right-click the Edi[...]

Playbar The playbar is located in the bottom-lef t corner of a data wind ow . Y ou can use the playb ar to na vigate and play audio files in a variety of ways. Go to Start Moves the cursor to the start of the file. Go to Next T rack Moves the cursor to the next disc-at- once track or index. Hold Ctrl while click ing to skip index markers, or press [...]

T oolbars Sound Forge t oo lbars contain buttons used to quickl y per form many of the program ’ s commands and functions. T oolbars can be dragged throughout the workspace, docked, resized, hidden, and customized. Y o u can use the To o l b a r s tab in the Pr eferences dialog to specify which toolbars you w ant to display . P erform either of t[...]

Docking a toolbar When you drag a floating toolbar to any edge o f the main screen, the toolbar docks on that edge . Floating a toolbar When you drag a docked toolbar away from an edge, the toolbar becomes a floating toolbar . Standard toolbar The Standard toolbar is displayed by default when you start the application. The buttons on this toolbar p[...]

T ransport toolbar The T ranspor t toolbar also displays by default and contains basic audio transpor t buttons. Record Click t o display the Record dialog. Go to Start Moves the cursor to the start o f the file. Loop Pl ayba ck T oggles Loop Playback mode on and off. Go to Prev iou s Track Moves the cursor to th e previous disc-at-once track or in[...]

Navigation toolbar The Navigation toolbar c ontains buttons used to navigate within the current da ta window. Zoom In Full Magnifies the selected area to a 24:1 ratio . Zoom Nor mal Resets the audio data to its original magnif ication. Zoom Sel ec tio n M aximizes the selec tion vertically and horizontally . Custom Zoom 1 S ets the audio data to a [...]

Regions/Playlist t oolbar The Regions/Playlist toolbar contains the Regions List and Playlist buttons as well as buttons corresponding to synchronization commands and status displays. Regions List Displays the Reg ions List. Fo r mo r e information, see Us ing the Regions List on page 127 . Playli st Display s the playlist . For more information , [...]

Proc ess toolbar The Pr ocess tool bar contains buttons corr esponding to all commands locat ed in the Process menu. Auto Trim/ Crop Removes silence and automaticall y fades in/out the end-po ints of each phrase. For more information, see Auto T rim/ Crop on page 175 . Bit-Depth Conv er ter Conv er ts a file to a different bit depth. F or more info[...]

Effects toolbar The Effects toolbar contains buttons correspondin g to all Sound Forge built-in XFX™ plug-ins. Acoustic Mirror A dds environmental coloration to your existing recordings. For m ore informati on, see What are the Aco ustic Mirr or effects? on page 215 . Amplitude Modula tion Ap plies a sinusoidal or square- shaped periodic gain to [...]

T ools toolbar The T oo ls toolbar contains buttons corresponding to commands in the To o l s menu. Extrac t Audio from CD Extracts a udio from CD and opens for editin g. F o r more info rmation, s ee Extractin g audio from CDs on page 144 . Burn Track-at-Once CD Burns the selected audio track to CD . For mo re informati on, see Burning track- at- [...]

Scripting toolbar The Scripting toolbar all ows you to sho w , hide, or ac tivate the Script Editor and display the Batch Converter window . Y ou can a lso add buttons for scripts to the toolbar . For mor e information, see Using the S cripting toolbar on page 23 6 . Script E ditor Allows you to crea te, ed it, or run scripts. Fo r Batch Converter [...]

Digital versus anal og levels When record ing to an analog medium such as magnetic tape, reco r ding engineers t ypically try to keep VU (volume unit) meters as close to zero as possible. This ensur es a high signal -to-noise ratio wh ile preser ving adequate headroom to keep the tape from saturat ing and distor ting. In addition, occasional peaks [...]

Showing or hiding meters Y o u can display a peak meter , VU/PPM, a phase scope, and mono- compatibility meter for each channel. T o toggle the display of ea ch meter , right- click the Channel Meters or Ha rdware Mete rs window and choose a command from the shortcut menu. A check mark appears to ind icate which meters are currently visible. • Fo[...]

T o change the la yout of the mete rs in the Cha nnel Meters window , right click the meters, choose Lay out from the shor tcut menu, and then choose a command from the submenu. Command Description Horizontal/V ertical/Auto Choose a command to change the or ientation of the meters in the Channel Meters window . Stretc h to Fit Stre tche s the mete [...]

Choosing a VU or PPM scale T o change the scale of the meter , choose Channel Meters from the Opt io ns menu , choose VU/PPM Scale , and then choose a setting from the submenu (you can also right- click the meter to set its options). VU and PPM scales ar e most useful for displaying the average v o lume of the signal. The meter represents the RMS a[...]

Using phase scopes Y ou can display a phase scope in the Channel Meters and Hardware Meters windows to find phase cancellation among the channels i n an audio file. F or more information on channel meters, see Using the channel meters on page 44 . F or more information on hardware meters, see Using the hardware meters on page 111 . Right- click the[...]

Con t ro l s A major step in mastering Sound For ge software is becoming familia r with the contr ols used to set and adju st featur e parameters , including faders, sliders, and envelope gr aphs. F aders and sliders F aders and sliders are frequently used to edit effect and process parameters . T o use either control, drag the c ontrol to the de s[...]

Understanding the envelope graph T o use the en velope graph, you must first understand what it represents . In the previous example, the horizontal axis represent s time, with the leftmost point represen ting the start of the selec tion and the rightmost point represen ti ng the end of the selec tion. The ver t ic al axis represents either amplitu[...]

Delete all points Delete all envelope points b y c licking the Reset Envelope button. Displaying the wav eform on an envelope graph Certain envelope graphs (such as in the Graphic F ade dialog) allo w you to view the audio wavef orm on the graph. I f the selection is small, the wavef or m is automatically displayed. Other wise, selecting an option [...]

Selecting data in multichannel files When editing a multichannel file, you can use the mouse to select data by clicking an d dragging in a data window . There are sev er a l options for da ta selection in multichannel files. 1. Open a multichannel fil e. 2. Fro m t h e Edit menu, choose To o l , and t hen choose Edit from the submenu to select the [...]

T oggling channel selections After you place the cursor or create a selection in a multichannel file, you can cycle through channel options by pressing T ab. Previewing channels The single channel selection option al lows you to preview channels in a multichannel file individually. 1. Open a multichannel file and select all data. 2. Click the Play [...]

54 | CHAPTE R 2[...]

Chapter 3 Getting Started The Sound F orge® Pro digital audio editing tool is fo r users from all musical backgrounds. It is an extremely deep program, con taining featur es that may only be required by the most adv anced or specialized users. Nonethel es s, a firm grasp of Sound Forge basics i s essential. This chapter is designed t o provide you[...]

Using the Open dialog 1. Fro m t h e Fil e menu, choose Ope n . Th e Open dial og appears . Tip : Y ou c an also click the Ope n button ( ) on the Standard toolbar or press Ctrl+O. Fil e i n fo r m a ti o n Select to au tomatically preview files The Open dialog contains several featur es that al low you t o locate and open audio files . These featu[...]

3. T o preview the file bef ore adding it to your project, click the Play button. Note: If you have the Au to pl ay check box selected, your file will automatic ally begin previewing when you select it. 4. Click Ope n . The file is opened and a data window containing the wavef orm ap pears. Using the Ex plorer window In addition to using the Explor[...]

Using the F avorites folder Select the Fa vorites f older ( ) or choose F avorites from the Address Bar to view the contents o f the F avorites folder . This f older contains shor tcuts to folders that you use often. Tip : F avorites are saved in the following folders: • Windo ws XP: C:Documents and Settings<user name>Applic ation DataS[...]

3. Choose a method for completing the CD information: • I f none of the possible matches is appropriate, click the Submit New button. The Gracenote MusicID Disc Information dialog appears, allowing you to complete inf or mation for the CD and submit it f or inclusion in the Gracenote Media Database. F or help on submitting CD information, click t[...]

W orking with video files The Sound F orge application has the ability to open and sav e many video file formats. The video files cannot be edited within t he software, but this functionality allows you to attach, detach, and edit audio for the video . Once you ’ve edited the audio , you can preview the audio and video together . When you open a [...]

Playing a file Afte r yo u ope n a f ile , you can play it by cli ck ing the Play All butt on ( ) on the transport bar . For more information, see T ransport toolbar on page 37 . Viewi n g the current posi tion As a file plays, the current p layback position is indicated in the data window in three ways: • A cursor travels across the visible por [...]

Playing a file from a specified point Y ou can begin pla yback fr om any po int in a file. 1. Click to position the cursor in the data window . A flas hing curs or (spanning the height of the wavef orm display) is displayed. 2. Click the Play button ( ) on the transpor t bar . The file plays from the cursor position. If you do n ot h ear p layb ack[...]

Vi ew i n g s e l e c t i o n st a t u s When a selection exists, the box e s in the select ion status bar in the bottom-r ight corner of the data window contain values. Th ese va lues indicate the star t, end, and length of the selec tion. Double - click a box to edit the value. No select ion Selection Cursor position Selection star t Selec tion e[...]

Viewing select ion statistics Choosing Statistics from the To o l s menu displays a Statistics window showing informat ion about the cur rent selection or , if there is no selection, on the entire file. The foll owing table describes all statistica l categories disp laye d in the Statistics wind ow. Statistical Categor y Descript ion Ruler Format C[...]

Creating data windo ws 1. Fro m t h e Fil e menu, choose New . The New Window dialog appears . 2. Complet e the New Wind ow dialog: a. Fro m t h e Sample rate drop-down list, choose a sample rate. b. Fro m t h e Bit - depth drop- down list, choose a bit depth. c. Choose a setting from the Channels drop- down list to select the number of channels st[...]

W orking with files Y ou can sav e a file in a variet y of formats, including popular audio f o rmats such as W A V and AIFF , and streaming media formats such as Windows Media®. Y ou can save a file using a standard template, or y ou can customize the settings to suit your needs. Once you c reate custom settings, you can sav e those settings as a[...]

1. Click anywhere in the data window to ac tivate it. 2. Fro m t h e Fil e menu, choose Save As to display the Sav e As dia log. If you’ re w orking with a Sound Forge pr oject file, you can use the Sav e As dialog t o save y our project to a differ ent name or location. Choose Render As to save your project as a med ia file. 3. Select the folder[...]

Creati ng custom t emplates If the file type you select suppor ts it, you can create custom settings for sa ving files by clicking the Cus to m button. Note: If a file t ype suppor ts custom templ ates, a Cust om button appears next to the Te m p l a t e drop- down list after you choose the file type . When you click the Cus to m button, a Custom S[...]

T o make a template a vailab le on another computer or user account, copy the .sft file to the same location in another accou nt. F or exampl e, to make JSmith ’ s custom wave t emplate available for the AJones user account in Windows XP , copy the appropriate .s ft2 file from this folder: C:Documents and SettingsJSmithApplic ation DataSonyR[...]

W orking with projec ts Projects are new to Sound Forge software; however , if you ’ve used ACID or V egas software, then you’ll be quite familiar with ho w to use Sound Fo rge projects. Y ou should note that Sound F orge projects do func tion slightly different than A CID and Vegas projects. A project file is not a mu ltimedia file. It contain[...]

Editing a med ia file’ s so urce project When your Sound F orge project uses source media files that are render ed with an embedded project path reference , you can easily open the source project in the associated application if you need to edit the media. By saving y o ur project path refer ence when yo u render files in ACID , Sound For ge, or [...]

Editing audio New Sound Forge users should r emember that even the most comple x editing is derived from a f e w simple operations: copy , paste, cut, delete (clear), trim/crop, and mix. The f ollowing table prov ides a brief description of the basic editi ng operations. Editing Operation Description Copy Copies data from the window to the clipboar[...]

Pa s ti n g Once audio data is on the clipboard, you can paste or mix it into an existing data window or use it to create a new data windo w . Pa sting data in an existing data windo w Notes: • P asting i nto a multichannel file wi ll inser t data to all channels —the channels in a multichannel f ile must always be equal in length. Silence is p[...]

4. When you release the mouse butt on to drop the selection, the selection is pasted. Pasting in a new data windo w T o us e dat a f rom t he cli pbo ard t o cre ate a new dat a wi ndow, go to th e Edi t menu, choose Paste Special, and choose Paste to New from the submenu . A new window containing the clipboard da ta is created. Cut ti n g Cutting [...]

Previewing a cut Y o u can preview cuts prior to per forming the edit. This option allo ws you to determine if you made the selection accurately and if the results are desirable by playing the data before and after the current s election. 1. Create a selection anywhere in V oiceover .pca. 2. Fro m t h e Tr a n s p o r t menu, choose Preview Cut/C u[...]

T rimming/ Cropping T rimming allows you to retain a selection while deleting all surr ounding data. 1. Create a selection containing “Wo w , sound editing just gets easier ” in Voiceov er.pca, but do not selec t the second “ and easier . ” 2. Fro m t h e Edit menu, choose Trim/Cr op (or press C trl+T ). Only “Wo w, sou nd editing ju st g[...]

T o customize y our mix settings, choose a setting from the Pre se t drop- down list in the Mix/Replace dialog, or adjust the controls as needed: Ite m Des cri ptio n Sour ce Drag the Sou rce fader to adjust the volume of the selection you want to mix. Changing this setting has the same eff ec t as dragging the su stain portion of the wet gain enve[...]

6. V erify that the Source and Destination volume faders are set to 0 dB and click OK . The drum hit is mixed equally with the spoken passage. Preview the file a nd notice that mixing do es not change the leng th of the file. Using Undo and Redo Y ou can easily undo and redo edit o perations, even prior to y our last save operation. • Y ou can un[...]

Undoing and redoing 1. V e rify that the V oiceover .pca data wi ndow is active and choose Undo/Redo History from the Vie w menu. The Undo/Redo History window appears. If you hav e per formed the previous proc edures, the window should look like the figure below: Notice that the Mix operation appe ars at the top of the Undo pane. The most r ecent o[...]

6. Double- click the Cu t operation in the Undo pane. T h e Cut and Tr i m / C r o p operations are both undone in the waveform and moved to the Redo pane. Tip : T o quickly undo and redo operations in the Un do/Redo History window , double - click the operation. Clearing the Undo/Re do History for the cur rent file Clearing the current file’ s U[...]

Experimenting with status f ormats Y o u can experiment with the Voic eover .pc a file to see how status formats aff ect values in the selection status bar di splay box e s. 1. Open the V oiceover .pca file. 2. Fro m t h e Opt io ns menu , choose Status Format , an d choose Samples from the submenu . 3. Select all d ata in the V oiceover .pca windo[...]

Changing the default beat values The previous proc edure changes the beat values for the current audio file only . Use the following steps to change the Sound For ge default beat values . 1. Fro m t h e Opt io ns menu, choose P references . The P references dialog a ppears. 2. Click the Status ta b. 3. T ype an app ropriate value in the Default bea[...]

Chapter 4 Naviga ting, Z ooming, and Selec ting This chapter intr oduces some of the Sound Fo rge® P ro navigation and selection features. Setting the curs or position While you can click anywhere in the waveform to position the curs or , there are times when y o u may need to position the cursor m or e precisely . Y ou can use the Go T o dialog t[...]

Usin g the ov er view bar When navigating or editing a file, the ov er view bar changes to reflect the current position in the file. Tit le ba r Overview bar Time ru ler The overview bar represents the length of the en tire file zoomed out to its maximum position. By observin g the overview bar , yo u can determine the following items: • The sect[...]

4. Click the Zoom In button ( ) twice. The dark gray area in the ov er view ba r becomes incrementally sm a ller as less of the wavef orm appears in the data window . Zooming in on a selection decreases the size of the dark gray area However , the selection remains the same size and does not move . This allows y ou to quickly locate a selec tion, e[...]

Scrubbing Scrubbing is a type of timel ine playback that gives you precise con t rol over the speed and direction of playback. Both l inear a nd logarithmic scale scrubbing are allowed. Tip : Choose a setting from the JKL/shuttle speed drop-down list on the Editing tab of the Pr eferences dialog to contr ol the scrub speed and range when using the [...]

Scrubbing with the audio ev ent locator Dragging the mouse within the overview bar initiates playback of small audio loops adjacent to th e cursor position. This is not technically a scrub function, but it serves a similar pur pose. It allows you to audition brief audio segments and quickly locat e specific events within a file. Pla yback stop s wh[...]

Wa veform at 24:1 zoom ratio Changing the zoom ratio T o edit the zoom ra tio, use the Z oom In/Out spin control located adjacent to the zoom ratio display . • Clicking the plus/minus buttons increases/decreases the zoom ratio by sin gle-step increments. • Dragging the spin control incr ements the zoom ratio quickly in the corresponding directi[...]

At high zoom lev els, only low -level samples ar e visible because the peaks of the waveform move beyond the vertical scope of the data window . Consider the following data windows . Level z oom out maximum Level zoom i n maximum Both data windows display the same audio file at a 1:1 zoom ratio . The window on the left shows the level ruler zoomed [...]

Using zooming shor tcuts Zooming t o a selection 1. Create a selection. If n o selection is created, the Zoom S el ec ti on function is not available. 2. Right- click the waveform and choose Zoo m S el ec tio n from the shor tcut menu. The minimum zoom ratio that allows the full selection to appear in the window is calculated, and the selection is [...]

Zooming the time ruler with the Magnify tool 1. Drag the Magnify tool on the wavef orm to make a small sel ection box. 2. T oggle- click the mouse until t he selection bo x is the same height as the data window . 3. Drag the Magnify tool to create a time zoom selection and rele ase the mouse button. T he zoom ratio of the selec tion increases. Sele[...]

Selecting audio using star t and end values Y ou can select audio by dragging th e mo use or by using keyboard shortcuts. (For more information, see Data selection shor tcuts on page 331 . ) F o r the sake of accurac y , however , it is often us eful to create selections by entering specific star t and end point va lues. The Set Selectio n dialog a[...]

Selecting audio during pla yback Y o u can create selections during playback using the Mark In and Mark Out commands. These commands place t emporar y markers in the data window , which are then used to create a loop region. While you can place these markers by choosing Mark In and Mar k Out from the Sele c tion submenu und er the Edit menu, the ke[...]

Using selection grid lines Fro m t h e Opt io ns menu, choose Selection Grid Lines to displ ay grid lines that divide the select ion into four equal parts. These lines make creating loops from existing ma teria l easier . T o change the number of divisions that will be used , choose Opti on s > Set Grid Divisions , and then choose a setting from[...]

Understanding snapping If, when extending a selection, the end points seem to “jump ” to a different position, an auto snap option is turned on. T urn snapping on or off Fro m t h e Opt io ns menu , choose Snapping , and then choose Enable from the submenu to turn snapping on or off . When snapping is enabled, objects will sna p to the followin[...]

Snapping to zero crossings When snapping is enabled, you can also choose to have elements in the timeline snap to z ero crossings. Fro m t h e Opt io ns menu, choose Snapping , and th en choose Zero Crossings from the submenu to toggle snapping to ze ro crossings . Tip : T o turn snapping to zero crossings on and off , press Ctrl+B. Snapping the cu[...]

Command Extend to Next Zero Description This option forces both edges of a selectio n to the next zero-crossing of the wavef orm. Per forming edits at zero- crossings reduces the possibility of introducing glitches in your sound file. Tips : • Y ou can also pr ess Z. •T h e Editing tab in the Prefere nces dialog al lows you t o choose whether t[...]

Creating and using view s Views are used to save and recall selections, zoom ratios, and wavef orm display positions. Sound Forge software can retain eigh t different views f or any audio file, each containing any or all of the f ollowing elements: • Selection • Cursor position • M a g n i f i c a t i o n • Position scroll bar placement Tip[...]

Chapter 5 Changing F ile Properties and F ormats This chapter deals with the suppor ted fil e propert ies and formats in Sound Forge® P ro soft ware and discusses file summar y infor mation. Editing file properties When you open or cr eate a file, its pr operties are displayed in the f irst four bo xes of the status bar at the bottom of the Sound [...]

It em File name De scr ipt io n The name of the file saved on disk. Location The f older where the file is saved. File size The size of the file on disk. File attrib utes Last saved Indicates whether file attributes (read-only , hidden, etc.) have been set. The date and time the file was saved. File type Audio format The file type for the file. The[...]

Cop ying file proper t ies to the clipboard If you want to copy file properties to the clipboa rd, right click the F i le Properties window and choose Copy to Clipboar d from the shor tcut menu. If you want to customize the f ormat for c opying file properties to the clipboard , right-click the File P roper ties window and ch oose Custom Cop y to C[...]

Changing the bit depth Bit depth refers to the number of bits used to represent a sound. Y ou can increase or decrease a file’ s bit depth. Increasing bit depth Increasing the bit depth does not impro ve the quality of a file, but it allows subsequent processing to be performed with incre ased precision. 1. Open a file with a small bit depth. 2. [...]

Understanding dither and noise shaping Yo u c a n a d j u s t Dither and Noise shaping settings when decreasing a file ’ s bit depth. Dither The Dither value determines the randomness of the dither (generated no ise) used to mask quantization distor tion resulting from conv ersion to a lower bit dept h. This drop- down list requires y o u to sele[...]

Noise gating Fr equently , low-level signals become noise when a file’ s bit depth is decreased . F or this reason, it is pref erable to have comp let e silence between sounds in an audio file. 1. Fro m t h e Effects menu, choose Nois e Gat e . The Noise Gate dialog appears 2. Choose a noise gate preset from the Pr es et drop- down list and click[...]

Con ver ting mono/stereo channels Y o u can conv er t mono files to stereo or stereo files to mono. T o per form quick channel conversion without specifying the mix, u se the Aud io ch an ne ls box on the F ile Properties window or right- click the Channels b ox in the status bar and choose 2 (Stereo) or 1 (Mono) from the shortcut menu. For more in[...]

Specifying the audio source The Sourc e radio buttons in the Stereo T o Mono dialog allow you to spec ify what ster eo data is used to create the mono file. T he following table describes the available data sources . Sourc e Descriptio n Left Channel Mono data is taken only from the left channel of the stereo file. Right Channel Mono data is taken [...]

Adding summary information Specific audio file typ es allow you to stor e text fields of su mmary information in addition to the audio and video data. File t ypes offering this featur e include W A V , A VI, ASF , and RealMedia™ fi le f ormats. Y o u can view and edit these text fields. Viewing and edit ing summar y information The Summary window[...]

Removing additional embedded informa tion T o save a fil e without additional embedded information, choose Save As fr om the Fi le menu and clear the Save metadata with file check bo x. 108 | CHAPTER 5[...]

Chapter 6 Editing Multichannel A udio With Sound F orge® Pro software , you can edit multichannel audio files in the same way you work with mono or ster eo files. Sound Forge software suppor ts multichannel fil es in the following formats: • Dolby AC-3 (.ac3) (A C-3 is available as a render format only) • R a w A u d i o ( . r a w ) • Sony A[...]

Routing channels to hardwar e outputs If you’ re working with multichannel files and have a sound card with multiple outputs, Sound F orge provides you with a gr eat de al of flexibility in routing the channel s to the outputs on your sound card: you can route each channel to a separate output, or you can route all the stereo pairs to a single se[...]

Recording multichannel audio files With Sound Forge, y ou have the ability to record multic hannel audio if your hardware supports this feature . For more information, see Recording manually on page 136 . Using the hardware meters Fro m t h e View menu, choose Hardware Mete rs to toggle the display of the Har dware Meters window . Y ou can use this[...]

Showing or hiding meters Y ou can display a peak meter , VU/PPM, a phase scope, and mono -compatibilit y meter for each hardware output. T o toggle the displ ay of each meter , right-click the Hardware Meters window and choose a c ommand from the shortcut menu. A check mark is displayed to indicat e whi ch meters are curren tly visible. F o r more [...]

Chapter 7 Using Mark ers, Regions , and the Pla ylist/C utlist This chapter describes the use of markers, command markers, th e Regions List, and the Playlist/Cutlist. These tools allow you t o tag and organize audio data and ma ke audio editing more efficient. S ound Forge® P ro sof tware can save marker , Regio ns List, and Playlis t/Cutlist inf[...]

Usin g markers A marker is a tag placed in an aud io file that is used as a ref erence point. Markers make navigating a file easier and more eff icient. Markers can be quickly selected from the list in the Go T o di alog. Also, markers are displayed in the Regions List f or quick pl ayback . Inserting markers 1. Click to position the cursor in the [...]

Customizing marker labeling Y o u can set Soun d F org e to automatically label new markers as t hey are created. 1. Fro m t h e Opt io ns menu , choose Pref e rences . The P refer ences dialog ap pears. 2. Click the Labels tab. 3. In the Marker l abels area, adjust the labeling controls as desired: Cont rol De scr ip tio n Label Markers Select thi[...]

Deleting all markers within the selec ted area Right- click above the loop region, choose Mark ers/Region s , and choose Delete All in Select ion from the submenu. All markers and regions in the selected area are remo ved. Previewing a mark er Click a marker ’ s Play button ( ) in the Regions List. —or — 1. Right- click the marker tag ( ) and[...]

Detecting and mark ing clipping The clip indicators in the channel meters help y ou determin e whether clipping occurs in your file, and y ou can use the Fi n d co mmand to find audio that matches levels y ou specify. For more c o ntrol, howe ver , you can use the Detect Clipping tool. Fro m t h e To o l s menu, choose Detect Clip ping to scan a se[...]

Using c ommand markers in streaming media files Command markers add interactivity to media streamed ov e r the Internet by inserting metadata into streaming media files. As y o ur file plays, an y number of other ac tions can be programmed to occur . These commands are a p art of the Windows Media Audio , Windows Media Video , and RealMedia s tream[...]

Defining Scott Studios data c ommands F or W AV file s using Scott Studios data, command markers ca n be used to define inf ormation about the W A V file. Command Description SCO T T EOM Calculat es when the next queued clip starts playing in a Scott Studios system . Fo r more information, ref er to your Scott Studios documentation. SCO T T Cue In [...]

3. Click the Save T em pl ate button ( ). Tip : Y our metadata command templates ar e saved in the cmdtemp.xml file in the locations belo w . Y ou can edit this file directly to m odify your templates. • Windows XP: C:Documents and Settings<user name>L ocal SettingsApplication DataSonySound For ge Pro10.0 • Windows Vista or W indo[...]

Region tags Inser ting regions by dragging selections One of the easiest ways to insert a region is to drag a sele ction from a data window into the Regions List. 1. Create a selection containing the opening drum roll in F ill.pca. 2. Drag the selection from the d ata window to the Regions List. The region is inserted. Inser ting regions using the [...]

Inserting regio ns while r ecor ding The most efficient w ay of inserting regions is to do it while reco r din g your audio . This is especially useful when work ing on a project that you will piece together fr om multiple takes. T o create r egions while recording, specify Multiple takes creating Regions from the Mode drop- down list in the Record[...]

Inserting regions based on rapid sound attacks 1. Open the Fill .pca file. 2. Fro m t h e To o l s menu, choose Auto Re gio n . The Auto Region dialog appears. 3. Clear the Build regions using the current tempo check box if it is selected. 4. Specify a preset from the Preset drop-down list or configure a new setting using the dialo g’ s active pa[...]

Inserting regions b ased on marker positions 1. Open the F ill.pca file. This file is lo cate d in the same folder as the application. 2. Play the file and drop several ma rkers using the M key . 3. Fro m t h e Edit menu, choose Regions List , and choose Markers to Regions from the submenu (or right-click the Regions List and choose Markers to Regi[...]

Moving a r egion 1. Drag the desired region tag ( ) to a new position. Both a ssociated region tags are highlighted. 2. Release the mouse button . The region ’ s values update in the Re gions List. Tip : T o move both region tags at once, press Alt while dragging. Deleting a r egion Right-click the regi on tag ( ) and choos e Delete from the shor[...]

T riggering a region using MIDI commands 1. Right-clic k the region tag ( ) and choose Edit from the shor tcut menu. The Regions List appears. 2. Click the down arrow ( ) in the region ’ s Tr i g g e r column and choose a trigger type from the drop- down list. T rigger t ype Description Note On - Play The region will be pl ayed when the specified[...]

4. If the path in the Destination folder box is not appropriate, click the Bro wse button and browse to the desired destination folder . 5. T ype the desired prefix in the File name prefix box. 6. If desired, clear the Use l ong file names f or destination file names check box and ent er an appropriate numeric value in the Start file counter inde x[...]

Changing region order By default, the Re gions List displays regions in alphabet ical order by name, but you can specify an alternate order by click ing the column heading to sort in ascending ( ) or descending ( ) order . 128 | CHAPTER 7[...]

Saving a Region s List file Y o u can sav e a file’ s Regions List to an external file. This of f ers the flexibilit y of using multiple Regions Lists for the sa m e audio f ile. 1. Fro m t h e Edit menu, choose Regions List , and choose Save As from the submenu (or right-click the Regions List and choose Save As from the shor tcut menu). 2. Use [...]

Usin g the Playl ist After you create regions, y ou can arrange them in the Playlist. Unlike the Regions List, which d isplays its conten ts in alphabe tical or chronological order , the Playlist displays and plays its regions in a user-specified arrangement. In addition, you can rearrang e and audition regions endlessly in the Playlist without pe [...]

Arranging the Playl ist Moving regions Afte r yo u have a dde d reg ion s to t he Pl ayli st, you c an ar ran ge t hem usin g d rag- and - drop. Replicating a region in the Playlist A major advantage of arranging the Playlist is the ability to repeat a region in mult iple places without ac tually copying the a ud io data. This feature is called rep[...]

Using stop points Y ou can attach stop points to regions in the Playlist. When a stop point is encountered during playback, the corresponding regi on is repeated the number of times specified by the Cou nt value and playback is halted . Creating a stop point Perform one of the following actions to set the stop point for a Playlist: • Right-clic k[...]

T reating the Playlist as a Cutlist 1. Fro m t h e View menu, choose Metadata , and then choose Play list from the submenu. T he Pl aylist window is displayed. 2. Right- click the Playlis t and choose T reat as Cutlist from the shortcut menu. A check mar k appears adjacent to the command in th e shor tcut menu and the Cutlist appears. The Play as C[...]

Op ening a Playlist/C utlist file Impor ting a Playlist file offers the flexibility of using multip le Playlists for a file. Opening a new P laylist file clears the current Playlist. Make sure you have saved the current Pla ylist before continuing. 1. Fro m t h e Edit menu, choose Pl aylist/Cutlist , and choose Ope n fr om the submenu (or right-cli[...]

Chapter 8 Recor ding and Ex tracting Audio This chapter describes the processes for recor ding audio and extracting audio from a CD in Sound Forge® P ro sof tware. Recording audio Sound Forge provides two central m ethods for re cording: ma nual (normal) and automatic. In normal recording, you ch oose your settings and control y our recording sess[...]

Recording manually Y ou can record into an existing window or create a new window at the time of recor d ing. If yo u have an aud io device that suppor ts multiple inputs, you can use Sound F orge to per form multichannel recording . Tip s: • Sound F orge is not a multitrack editor . Check out our Vegas and A CID families of products for full mul[...]

4. Fro m t h e Method drop- down list, choose Normal . 5. Choose the destination data window f o r your recor ding. By defaul t, the application records into the active data window . If this is not where you want t o record, use one of the f o llowing methods to prepar e for recording: If The n Y ou want to record into a Click the Win d ow button a[...]

12. Click the Record button ( ) in the Record dialog (or press Alt+R). Recording begins. Stop button appears Recording message Time re cord ed va lue incre ase s 13. Click the Stop button ( ) to stop recording . 14. Click the Close button to close the Re cord dialog. Recordi n g automati cally In addition to the normal recording method, ther e are [...]

5. Use the Tim e O p t io ns tab at the bottom of the Record dialog to set the timer: a. Click the Add button ( ) to create a timer setting. The Record Timer E vent dialog ap pears. b. T ype a name in the Name field to create a name to identify the preset. c. Choose a setting from the Recurrence drop- down list to indicate whether you want to recor[...]

Setting a prerecord buffer f or threshold recording On the Adva nc ed tab at the bo ttom of the Record dialog, select the Prer ecord bu ffer check box and type a value in the edit bo x to maintain a set amount of time in a buffer when Sound F orge soft ware is armed for recording. A prerecording buffer helps to ensu re you won ’ t miss a per fect[...]

Cho osi ng a record ing mo de Y o u can choose any of sev eral recording modes in the Record dialog’ s Mode drop-down list: Mode Description Automatic retake (automatically rewind) Automatic re take mode is the easiest method of recor ding. Recording begins at the position displayed in the Start box when you click the Recor d button ( ) and conti[...]

Recalibrating the DC adjustment If you have multiple sound cards, you should recalibrate the DC adjust each time you select a new recording device. C er tain so und cards must also be recalibrated ea ch time th e sample rate changes or when switching between mono and multichannel r ecording . Tip : Y ou can rec alibrate at any time, ev en during re[...]

Monitoring audio input The input meters in the Met e rs tab at the bottom of the Record dialog show the level of the inc oming signal. F or recording purposes, the incoming audio should remain primarily in th e yellow , only occasionally entering the red. Enabling the recording meters Record ing meter s are dis playe d in the M eters tab at the bot[...]

T o tog gle between the blinking status sett in gs, right-click the Record dialog and choose Blinking Status from the shortcut menu. A check mark displays adjacen t to the command to indicate that the frame is c onfigured to flash. Extrac ting audio from CDs Y ou can extract data from CDs and open tracks in the Sound Forge workspace . Tip : Double-[...]

6. Select t he Create CD tracks from full subcode scan check box if you want to create a disc-a t-once CD track for each extrac ted track . Note: When you select the Creat e CD tracks from full subcode scan check box, the softw are will create a disc- at- once track list based on the PQ data on the disc. ISRC data is added to each track if the data[...]

146 | CHAPTER 8[...]

Chapter 9 Editing , Repairing, and S ynthesizing Audio This chapter intr o duces some of the Sound F orge® Pro advanced editing , repair , and synthesis features. Over writing and replicating Earlier in this manual, paste and mix w ere described as ways of adding clipboard contents to the current da ta window. As y our a udio editing projects beco[...]

5. Fro m t h e Edit menu, choose Paste Special , and choose Over write from the submenu or right- click the data window and choose Overw rite from the shortcut menu. The selection is overwritten with the clipboard contents. Note: If any of the selection data remains, it is because the leng th of the clipboard contents w as less than the length of t[...]

5. Fro m t h e Edit menu, choose Paste Special and choose Replica te from the submenu. T he Replicate dialog is displayed . 6. Select th e Copy pa r ti al s radio button and click OK . The selec tion is overwritten with multiple copies of the clipboard contents . A partia l copy of the clipboard c o ntents is used wher e app ropriate. Repeating an [...]

3. Perform one of the following actions: • F r o m t h e Preset drop- down list, choose a preset that has been stored f or the plug-in. • Specify the length o f silence that you want to add in the Insert box and choose a setting from the at drop - down list to specify where the silence should be inserted. Setting D escription Cursor I nserts si[...]

Create a selection in the source window Drag the selection into the destination window and then press and hold Ctrl 3. Hold the Ctrl key and drag the selection to the Voic eover data window . • A vertical line representing the leading edge of th e source selection appears in the destination window. • The letter “P” appears in the box adjace[...]

Mixing 1. Open the V oiceover .pca and Drumhit.pca audio files. 2. Select all audio data in the Drumhit data windo w. 3. Drag the selection to the Voic eover data window . • A shaded region representing the sourc e selection appears in the destination window . • An “M” appears in the box adjacent to the pointer . Tip : When dragging a selec[...]

4. Continue holding the left mouse button while click ing the right mouse button. The mouse icon and the appearance of the selection region change to indic ate the current drag-and-drop mod e. 5. Release the left mouse button. The source audio data is pasted , mixed, or inserted as a CD track. Creati ng new windows b y dragg ing and dropping a sele[...]

6. Click OK . The first glitch in the file is found and its location is marked with the cursor . Tip : If you can hear glitches that the Fin d tool does not locate, decrease the T hreshold slope and increase the Sensitiv ity . Locating additional glitches using the same settings Once you have configu red the settings in the Find dialog , you ca n f[...]

4. Fro m t h e To o l s menu, choose Repair , and choose Interpola te from the submenu. The glit ch data is r eplaced with interpolated data. Data is interpolated within the selection Replacing audio with preceding data The Replace tool allow s you to r epair audio files by replacing the damaged data with the data immediately pr eceding it. This re[...]

4. Drag to dra w a new waveform section. The new section is integrated into the original wavef orm, replacing the section containing the glitch. Repairing audio using Audio Restoration plug-in Sound F orge soft ware includes an Dir ec tX plug-in (part of the Noise Reduc tion plug-in) called Audio Restoration that you can us e to remov e surf ace no[...]

Generating audio with frequency modulation The Sound For ge FM Synthesis feature can be used to create comp lex sounds from simple wa veforms using frequency modulation (FM) . In frequency modulation, the fr equenc y of a wav eform (carrier) is modulated by the out put of another waveform (modu lator) to cr eate a new wavef orm. I f the frequency o[...]

Modifyin g an opera tor 1. Select t he Curr ent opera tor radio button corresponding to the operator to be modified . 2. Use the env e lope graph to modify the amplitude of the operator o ver time. For more information, see Envelo pe grap hs on page 49 . 3. Fro m t h e Ope ra to r s ha pe drop - down list, choose a waveform shape. 4. Specify the fr[...]

7. Fro m t h e Insert new wav eform at drop-down list, choose a position to determine where the waveform is placed in the data window . 8. Click OK . EDITING, REPAIRING, AND SYNTHESIZIN G AUDIO | 159[...]

160 | CHAPTER 9[...]

Using the E vent T ool Chapter 10 The Event tool ( ) in Sound For ge® Pr o software allows you to edit multiple audio events in a single data window , which can be a n easier way to edit edges and fades and lay out tracks for disc-at-once CDs. Notes: • Events do not loop and cannot exceed the star t, end, or cha nnels of the underlying media. F [...]

6. Choose the Event tool ( ). Notice that the file contains two events: one event f or the p asted “ W ow ” and o ne event f or the origin al par t of the file. Event #1 Event #2 • Selected events are highlighted . • Events are separated by a thin line. Moving ev ents Y ou can mov e events horizontally along the timeline by dragging them. M[...]

Cutting ev ents Cutting ev ents removes them from the file, but places the cut information on the clipboard. After the even ts are on the clipboa rd, you can paste them into an y data window. Events befor e cut Clipboard contents Events after cut 1. Select the events to be cut. For more information, see Selecting events on page 168 . 2. Fro m t h e[...]

Dragging channel boundaries Y ou can drag the top and bottom edges of events if you want to use only a subset of the channels in a multichannel file. This m ethod is also useful for duplicating or rearranging channels without using the Channel Conv er ter , which always processes the entire file . Drag the bottom edge of a multichannel event to hid[...]

Crossfading events Y o u can crossfade between two events on the same channel. Cro ssfading fades out one event’ s volume while another event’ s volume fades in. Fa d e i n vo l u m e l i n e F ade out volume line Note: Y ou can show or hide the crossfade length T o olTip by selecting Eve nt and then Show Crossfade L e ngths from the Op ti on s[...]

Changing crossfade curves Y ou can change the crossfade curves that are used to fade in and out between two events . Right-click a crossfade to choose a different crossfade curve. 1. Right-clic k anywhere in the crossfade region to display a shortcut menu. 2. Fr om the shor tcut menu, choose Fad e Ty p e , and then choose the desired fade type from[...]

Setting an event’ s fade in and fade out The event handles allo w you to change an event’ s fade in and out volume. Y ou can also change the type of cur ve that the event u ses to control the v olume’ s fade in or fade ou t. 1. Place the mouse pointer on a handle (upper corners of the even t). The pointer changes to the fade cursor ( 2. Click[...]

Selecting events When working with the Event tool ( ), you can select one or more even ts, but you cannot create time selections. T o select an event, click it. Double -click an event to select it and adjust the loop bar to the length of the ev ent. Selecting events using menu commands Fro m t he Edit menu, choose Event , and then choose Select Nex[...]

Select ing a range of events 1. Hold the Shift key . 2. Click the first event that you want to select. 3. Click the last event that you want to select. All events between the first and last selected events are selected. Zooming ev ents T o zoom an even t, r ight-click the event and choose Zoo m Even t from the shor tcut menu, or press Ctrl+Up Arro [...]

170 | CHAPTER 1 0[...]

Chapter 11 Pr ocessing A udio This chapter provides descriptions of processing presets and previ ews as w ell as an overview of all func tions in the Sound Forg e® P ro Proces s menu. Applying presets Many Sound Forge dialogs co ntain drop- down lists of presets used to quickly apply processes and effects. Presets are especially useful when you ar[...]

Creating pr esets Y ou can also create custom eff ec ts and save them as pr esets. 1. Open the Voiceo ver .pca file. 2. Fro m t h e Proce ss menu, choos e Fa d e , and then choose Graphic from the submenu. The Graphic F ade dialog is displayed. 3. Fro m t h e Preset drop- down list, choose the -3 dB exponential fade out preset. The dialog’ s cont[...]

Managing presets After you hav e created custom pr esets, you can use the Sound F org e Preset Manager to back up, tr ansfer , or delete custom preset s from any of the installed effects, pr ocesses, tools and plug-ins. Y ou can also use the Preset Manager to manage your A CID® and Vegas ® presets. F or more information, see Using the Preset Mana[...]

Adju sti ng th e d ata wi ndow se le c tio n Y ou can easily adjust your data window selection from within most processing dialogs by clicking the More button on the right side of the dialog and specifying the selection parameters explained below . Clicking t he Mor e button displays additi onal information you can use to adjust your data window se[...]

Sound F orge processes The remainder of this chapter describes the functions located in the Proce ss menu. Aut o Trim /C rop Auto T rim/Cr op removes silence fr om an audio file. In addition , this function automatically fades the endpoints of a phrase. Usin g Auto Trim/Cro p 1. Open the V oiceover .pca file. 2. Fro m t h e Proces s menu, choose Au[...]

Control Descripti on Minim um inter-phrase When you choose t he Remove s ilence b et ween phr ases mode, the Minimum inter-phrase silence value silence determines the minimum am ount of silence needed between phr ases for a new region to be creat e d. Minimum length When you cho ose the Remove data beyond loop points mode , the Minimum length follo[...]

Bit-Depth Con verter controls The follo win g controls ar e located in the Bit-Depth Conv er ter dialog. Cont rol Des cr ipti on Bit depth C hoose a setting to specif y the number of bits that should be used to store each sample. Dither This control allows you to specify the randomness of the dither (generated noise) used to mask quantization disto[...]

iZotope MBIT+ Dither Fro m t h e Proce ss menu, choos e Bit Depth , and then choose iZotope MBIT+ Dither f rom the submenu to convert sound fil es to different bit depths and apply dithering. Tip : Because the signal-to-noise ratio decr eases when you decrease the bit depth of a file, y ou should maximize the volume of the so und file using the V o[...]

Ite m Des crip tion Dither bits/amount When Ty p e 1 or Ty p e 2 is selected in the Dither mode drop-down list, you can choose a setting from the Dither bits drop- down list to choose whether you want to use 1 or 2 dither bits. 1 works wel l for most applications . When MBIT+ is selec ted in the Dither mode drop- down list, you can choose a setting[...]

3. Choose a setting from the Preset drop -down list, or adjust the controls as needed: a. Choose a setting from the Output channels drop- down list t o indicate the number of channels in the c onverted file. b. Click in the Output box f or eac h output channel and type a gain value (or drag the fader) to adjust the amount of the orig inal mono file[...]

Channel Con ver ter contr ols The follo wing controls ar e located in the Channel Converter dialog. Cont rol De scr ipt io n Output channels This drop-down determines the number of channels in the ou tput file. Source Determines the amount of the original cha nnel data that will be mixed to the new file. Invert Mix Select this check box to re verse[...]

DC Offset controls Choose DC Offse t from the Proces s menu to display the DC Offset dialog. The f ollowing contr ols are located in the DC O ffset dialog. Control Descr iption Automa tic ally detec t a nd Calculates and corr ects the DC offset for each channel individually . remove Adjust DC offset by Allows you to sp ecify a DC of fset value m an[...]

6. Click OK . The specified fade is applied to the selection. Creating a custom graphic fade 1. Open the Musicbed.pca file. 2. Select the first half of the audi o (appro ximately five seconds). 3. Fro m t h e Proces s menu, choose Fa d e , and choose Graphic from the submenu. The Graphic F ade dialog is displayed. 4. Fro m t h e Show wav e drop- do[...]

F ade - F ade In The F ade I n command is used to li nearly fade a sele ction from a volume of -Inf. to a volume of 0 dB. The siz e of the selection d etermines the length of the fade . 1. Open the Musicbed.pca file. 2. Fro m t h e Proces s menu, choose Fa d e , and choose In fr om the submenu. The fade is ap plied, and volume increases over the le[...]

Mute The Mute com mand forces the selection to a volume of -Inf . dB (silence). Muting an audio selection 1. Create a selection in the data window . 2. Fro m t h e Proces s menu, choose Mute . The selection is muted. PROCESSING AUDIO | 185[...]

Normalize The Normalize command maximizes the ov erall volume of a file wi thout introducing clipping. When y ou nor malize a file, the entir e file is scanned and a constant gain is applied to raise the file ’ s level to a specified value. Normalizing audio 1. Open the Musicbed.pca file. 2. Fro m t h e Proce ss menu, choos e Normalize . The Norm[...]

Cont rol Normalize to De scr ipt io n This fader specifies the level to which the highest peak should be set. With Pe ak l e ve l , if the peak level i s -10 dB and the Normalize to value is -3 dB, a constant boost of 7 dB is applied to the en tire file. With Ave r a ge R M S l e ve l , normalizing to 0 dB means boosting t he signal until it has th[...]

Pan / Ex pa n d Pan/Expand allows y ou to create panning effects and stereo compression/expansion in selec tions. Creating a pan A pan is used to control the apparent position of a sound bet ween the left and right channels of a stereo file. 1. Open the Musicbed.pca file. 2. Fro m t h e Proce ss menu, choos e Pan/Expand . The Pan/Expand dialog is d[...]

Pan/Expand controls The f ollowing contr ols are locat ed in the P an/Expand dialog. Cont rol D esc ri pti on Process mode The Proces s mod e drop- down list contains the following options: • P an (preserve stereo separ ation) Applies the pan effect without mixing the channels, ther eby simulating the spectral positioning of stereo recor dings. ?[...]

Downsampling audio 1. Open the Musicbed.pca file. 2. Right-click the data window and choose Fil e Pr oper ties from the shortcut menu. The F ile Properties window is displayed . Notice that this file has 44,100 Hz sa mple rate and a file size of 0.48 MB. 3. Click OK . 4. Fro m t h e Proce ss menu, choos e Resample , and then choose Resample fr om t[...]

iZotope 64-Bit SRC Y o u can use the iZotope 64-Bit SRC process to change the sample rate of an existing sound file. 1. Fro m t h e Proces s menu, choose Resample , and then choose iZotope 64-Bit SRC from the submenu. The iZotope 64-Bit DSRC dialog is displayed. 2. Choose a setting from the Preset drop-down list, or adjust the controls as needed. I[...]

It em De scr ipt io n Prering Low-pass filters ar e characterized b y the amount of ringing they introduce into their output. Hi gher Steepness settings produce increased ringing . A setting of 100% produces a linear phas e filter with equal pre and post ringing. A setting of 0% produces a minimum phase filt er that offers no preringing but has non[...]

Vo l u m e The V olume command alters the volume of an audio selection. Increasing the volume of a selec tion 1. Open the V oiceover .pca file. 2. Create a selection containing the word “Wow . ” 3. Fro m t h e Proces s menu, choose Vo l u m e . The V olume dialog is displayed. 4. Fro m t h e Prese t drop- down list, choose 6 dB boost (200%) and[...]

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Chapter 12 W ork ing with Effects Effe ct s, o r pl ug- ins, can be u sed to i mprove the qua li ty of t he a udi o or to c reat e sp eci al a r ti sti c ef fec ts. Ad dit ion al D irec tX ® and VST plug- in effects, both from Sony and other third-par ty vendors, can also b e used. Adding eff ects Y ou can choose an effect from the Effects menu to[...]

4. Click the Previ ew button to test out t he effect. Adjust the settings as needed and click Stop to end the preview . Tip s: • If the selection you made in the data window needs to be adjusted , click the Selec tion button to adjust the selection. • When using the Event tool ( ), click the Go to Previous Event ( ) and Go to Next Event ( ) but[...]

Creating a plug-in chain 1. Select the data you want to process. If no data is selected, the effect chain is applied to the entire file. 2. Fro m t h e View menu, choose Plug-In Chainer or click the Open Plug-In Chainer button ( ) on the data window . The Plug-In Chainer window is displayed . 3. T o use an existing chain preset, choose the chain fr[...]

Removing a plug-in from a chain T o re move a specific plug-in fr om a chain, selec t it and click the Remov e Sel ected Plug-In button ( ). The plug-in is removed and the remaining plug-ins are adjusted. Tip : Y ou can also remove plug-ins by pe rforming one of the following actions: • Press Ctrl+T ab to select the next plug-in or Ctrl+Shift+T a[...]

Bypassing effects Y o u can bypass single effects or all effects in a chain while pr eviewing the file. Bypassing a plug-in on a chain T o bypass a plug-in, clear its check box in the Plug-In Chainer window . A bypassed plug-in does not process the audio signal, a llowing you to preview the eff ec t of the remaining plug-ins. Bypassed plug-in Notes[...]

Saving plug-in chains After you’ve set up an effect chain, you may want to save it fo r later use . When you save a plug-in chain, y ou not only sav e th e order of the effects in the chain but also the parameters of each individual effect. 1. Create an eff ec ts chain in the Plug-In Chainer window . 2. T ype a name for the new chain in the Chain[...]

Loading plug-in chains or plug-in presets Once you hav e saved a plug-in chain, you ca n easily load it into the Plug-In Chainer . Loadi ng a plug-in chai n preset Choose a setting from the Chain drop-down list. The preset chain loads into the wind o w using the saved settings for each Direc tX and VST plug-in in the chain. Loading an individual Di[...]

Usin g the Plug-In Manag er Y ou have several tools to help you manage your plug-ins, including the Plug-I n Manager , FX F avorites menu, and the Preset Manager . The Plug-In Manager window not only allows you to add plug-ins an d sav ed plug-in chains, but it also provides a way t o ma nage y our plug-in files—to rename plug-ins, hide plug-ins,[...]

4. Drag the plug-ins from the Plug-I n Manager window to the Plug-I n Chainer window . The selected plug-ins are added to the chain. Tip : Y ou c an also drag plug-ins or a plug-in chain from the Plug-In Manager window to a data window . The Plug-In Chainer window is opened with the selected effects in a new chain. 5. Use the Plug-In Chainer to pre[...]

Automat i cally adding and organizing plug-ins Y ou can automatically add all the plug-ins on your computer to y our FX F avorites folder and organize them by the first wor d in the plug- in name (usually the company name). This replaces an y menu structure you ma y have created with a r ebuilt FX Fa vorites menu. 1. Fro m t h e FX F avorites menu,[...]

Automating effec t parameters When you add an effect that supports automation to th e Plug-In Chainer , a list of the effect’ s automatable parameters is displa yed on the right side of the window . Y ou can use these controls to add , show/hide, and enable/bypass automation envelopes . Plug-in parameters can be edited using the aut omation envel[...]

Adjusting effect parameters with envelopes An envelope is displayed in the data window f or each effect parameter that you’v e chosen to automate. Env elope points represent plug- in parameter settings at a specific point in time. Y ou can add poin ts, adjust th eir positi ons, a nd chang e the fade cur ves between points to modify effect paramet[...]

Adjusting en velopes When the En velope tool ( ) on the main wo r kspace is selected, you can add, remove , sel ect or adjust envelope points on effect automation env elopes. The Edit tool ( ) allows you to add, remo ve, or adjust envelope poin ts, but you cannot select envelope points with the Edit tool . By default , a new en velop e will co ntai[...]

). Cutting , copying, and pasting env elope points 1. Select t he Envelope tool ( 2. Click within a data window to select it. 3. Drag horizontally in a data window to select envelope points. 4. Fro m t h e Edit menu, choose Cu t or Co py . 5. Click to position the cursor where you want to paste en velope points. Tip : Click within a different data [...]

Sound F o rge effects The remainder of this chapter describes the functions located in the Effects menu. Acousti c M irror The Acoustic Mirror effect is a pow er ful digital signal processi ng tool t hat allows you to add environmental colorat ion to your existing reco rdi ng s. For more information, see What are the Acoustic Mirror effects? on pag[...]

Env elope Fro m t h e Effects menu, choose Env elope to apply a n envelope to vary t he amplitude of a wavef or m over time . Unlike the Graphic F ade command, which simply fades a wa veform by a specific amoun t over time , the gain at each point is dynamically calculated to achi eve the exact specified envelope. Applying an amplitude envelope 1. [...]

Displaying the wavef o rm Choose a command from the Show wave drop-down list if you want to display the wav eform in the envelope graph. If you’ re working with a multichannel file, you can choos e t o view individual channels or the mixed wa veform. Note: The wav eform is unavailable when the sel ection is greater than 300,000 samples . Flange/W[...]

3. Adjust the en velope to achieve the desir e d sound: • Drag the s mall envelope points up or down. • T o create a new envelope point, double- click the envelope. • T o delete an envelope point, right-click it and choo se Delete from the shortcut menu. • T o change the fade cur ve between two points, right-click an envelope segment and ch[...]

Reverb Fro m t h e Effects menu, choose Reverb to simulate various acoustic spaces. Reve rb co nsists of early reflections, which are the first reflections that ar rive back to your ear , and the reverb itself. F or information about using the Reverb plug-in, click the Help button ( ) in the Sony Reverb dialog or ref er to the Sound F orge online h[...]

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Chapter 13 Using A coustic Mirror and W av e Hammer This chapter is designed to familiar ize you with the So und Forge® P ro Acoustic Mirror™ and Wav e Hammer™ effects. The Acoustic Mirror effect is a pow er ful digital signal processi ng tool t hat allows you to add environmental colorat ion to your existing reco rdi ng s. The W ave Hammer ef[...]

4. Drag the Dry Out fader up. Notice the audible change in output as the balance between the Wet O u t and Dr y O ut values changes. Tip : If you are experiencing difficulty previe wing processing in real-time, decrease the Qua lity/speed va lu e. 5. Drag the Response delay slider to the right. Notice the au dible change in the reverb’ s delay . [...]

Env elope tab contr ols The following sections describe all controls located on the Enve lope tab. Cont rol De scr ipt ion Impulse This control is identical to the Impulse drop-down list on the General tab . This allows you to view the envelope g raphs for the specified impulse file. F or more informatio n, see Impulse on page 216 . Dry Out This co[...]

Summar y tab controls The Summar y tab provides information about the impulse file. The following section describes all controls located on the Summary tab. Control Descripti on Impuls e This control is identical to the Impulse drop- down list on the Genera l tab. For m o re i n fo r m a t io n , see Impulse on pag e 216 . Dry Out This control is i[...]

Impulse recovery mode Y ou can choose from three Impulse recov er y mode options to determine the method used to recov er the impulse: Use the start and end of the recorded file as timing spikes , Auto-detect timing spikes , or Do not use timing spikes . Each of these modes is described below. • U s e the start and end of the re corded file as ti[...]

Creating impulse files Y ou can obtain impulse responses from an ything that accepts test tone input and supports recording the output. This includes ph ysical spaces as well as electronic audio equipment. Crea ting custom impulse files requires planning, work, and additional audio equip ment. Note: Impulses derived from electronic devic es that p [...]

Setting levels After the devices are positioned, y ou should begin playback of the test tone. The test tone should be play ed as loudly as possi ble (or practical ) to produce the best signal-to-no ise ratio. W i th the test tone playing at optimu m volume, set the levels on the recor ding device. Recording devices lev els should also be s et as hi[...]

Naming, configuring, and reco vering the impulse 1. Fro m t h e Effects menu, choose Acoustic Mirror . The A coustic Mirror dial og is displayed . 2. Click the Recover tab . 3. Enter the name and path of your impulse file in the Re corded F i le box or c lick Bro wse and locate the file. 4. Enter the name of the original test tone file in the Te s [...]

Adding summary information to your impulse file If you plan on sharing impulses with other Sound Forge users, we recommend adding summar y information and BMP images t o your files. 1. Open the impulse file in the soft ware. 2. Fro m t h e View menu, choose Metadata , and then choose Summary I nformation from the submenu. The Summary window is disp[...]

Recreating spaces f or foley effects and dialog replacement Fr eque ntly , dialogue recorded in the field is rendered unusable b y ambient noi se. If you are shooting in the field and realiz e that over dubbing will be necessar y , you should create an impulse in ea ch filming loc ation. Th is allows y ou to o ver dub dialog during post- production[...]

Increase the DirectX buffering size 1. Open the Acoustic Mirror dialog. 2. Right-click a n empty area of the dialog outside of the four tabs and choose Con fi gu rat ion from the shortcut menu. The Real- Time Preview C onfiguration dialog is displayed. 3. Reconfigur e the Buffers to process per second and T otal playback buffers controls. T ypicall[...]

The level of the first spike is low . Do you wish to use it as a timing spike? This typically means that no actua l timing spike was detected. V e rify that the first spike is within one second of the start of th e recorded file. If the recor ding is noisy and the spike is not very pron ounced, you can aid detection by muting the audio immediately [...]

What is the W av e Hammer plug-in? The W ave Hammer DirectX plug-in is an audio mastering tool consisting of a classic comp ressor and a volume maximiz er . The W ave Hammer tool can be used in any Microsoft DirectX-compatible host ap plication (for example, Sound F orge and ACID® Pro software), and the quality an d functionality of th e W ave Ham[...]

Control Smart release Scan mode Auto g ain comp ensa te Descri ption The Smart Release slider allows y ou to configure the compre ssor to automatically increase the release time for sustained notes and decrease the release time f or shar p transients. Setting this value higher incr eases the internal variability of the sp ecified Release value . Ge[...]

V olume Maximizer tab The contr ols on the Volume Maximizer tab are used to limit the peak amplitude of an audio file or to boost the ov erall level without clipping the waveform and distorting the audio. These controls are explained below. Cont rol De scr ipt ion Threshol d The Threshol d fader is used to adjust the audio level at which the volume[...]

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Chapter 14 Using Scripting Y o u can use scripting to streamline repetitive tasks and implemen t customized featur es. When the Scr ipt Editor window displays , yo u can use it to create, edit, or run scripts. Sound Forge® software can use scripts written using JScr ipt, VBScri pt, or C# as well as scripts th a t have been compiled as DLLs . Scrip[...]

Using the Script Editor window Fro m t h e View menu, choose Script E ditor to display the Script Editor window . Y ou can use the Script Editor window to open, run, create, or edit scripts . Splitter pan el Scrip t area Outpu t area • Script area - Displays the current script s written code. • Output area - Displays t e xt results for the curr[...]

). O pening and running a script Y o u can open and run a script that has already been developed. Wa r n i n g : Scripts can pose a security risk to your comput er. A script has the power to dele te files, read fil es, write fil es, execute pr ograms, access the Interne t, access files on your network, and so on. Alwa ys examine the c o ntents of a[...]

Script ar guments A script can accept arguments to dynamically change the behavior of a script. Ar guments allow you t o develop a single script th at per forms multiple functions controlled by the arguments sent to the script. Each argument is a key/value pair . The key is a string that identifies th e argument’ s valu e . Multiple arguments are[...]

Creating a script Sound Forge scripting uses the Microsoft .NE T framework for script ing. Y ou can write scripts in JScript, Visual Basic .NET , or C#. 1. Fro m t h e View menu, choose Script Editor to display the Scr ipt Editor wind ow if it isn’t already displayed . 2. Click the New Script T e mplate button ( ) and choose C# , JScript , or VBS[...]

Using the Scripting toolbar Addin g or removin g toolbar bu ttons 1. Fro m t h e View menu, choose T oolbars . The Pr eferences dialog a ppears with a list of available toolbars . 2. Select t he Scripting check box. 3. Click Custo mi ze . The Customize T ool bar dialog appears. 4. Use the controls in the Customiz e T oolbar dialog to add, remove , [...]

Creating custom button images Y o u can display custom b utton images for the scri pts that you have adde d to the toolbar by add ing .png files to your S cript M en u folder . 1. Create a .png file with the icon that you want to use. Note: Icons should be 16x16 pixels . Tr ansparenc y is suppor ted. 2. Save the .png file in y our Script Menu folde[...]

Using the Ba tch Con ver ter Y ou can use the Batch Conv er ter to modify and manipulate audi o files without having to process each file individually . Con ver ting using an existing bat ch job 1. Fro m t h e To o l s menu, choose Batch C onverter . The Batch Con ver ter window is displayed . 2. Open the batch job that you want to run. a. Click th[...]

6. Select th e Save tab and verify the file output setting s. For more information, see Creating or editing a batch job on page 23 9 . Note: If you want to c onvert to multiple formats at once, click the Add Sa ve O ptions button to create a setting for each file type that you want to conver t. 7. Click the Run Job button to start processing. The B[...]

4. Select t he Metadata tab and type values fo r any metada ta (file informat ion) that you want to save in the output files. If The n The Overwrit e check box is n ot selecte d and the destina tion The existing information is preserved (keywords; how ever , will file already includes information for a metadata item be appended). The Overwrit e che[...]

Chapter 15 Sampling Used in conjunction with the Sampler T ool, Sound Forge® P ro sof tware’ s power ful editing capabilities allow you to create, e dit, and transfer samples between external and internal samplers. This ch apter describes the procedures used to transfer (dump ) samples between th e comput er and sampler with the Sampler T ool . [...]

Configuring the Sampler T ool Configuring the Sampler T ool is fairly straightforward, especial ly if the desired configura tion exists in the list of presets. 1. Fro m t h e To o l s menu, choose Sampler . The Sampler dialog appears. 2. Fro m t h e Configuration drop- down list, choose the desired configuration. If th e desired configuration is no[...]

4. Specify input/output set tings for the sampler: If Then Y our sampler uses MIDI/SDS transfer Select the MIDI radio button and choose input and output por ts in the MIDI In and MIDI Out boxes Y our sampler use s SCSI/SMDI trans fer Select the SCSI radio button and selec t your sampler in the Sampler box. Note: The Sampler box lists all devices co[...]

Saving sampler configurations Once you complete a sampler configuration, you can sav e it as a preset and quickly access it in the future. 1. Fr om the Sampler Configuration dialog, click Sa ve As . The Save P reset dialog appears. 2. Enter a descriptive name in the New preset name bo x and click OK . The new configuration is sav ed and can now be [...]

Editing MID I unity note and F ine tune Bot h val ues can be e dite d an d us ed w ith sam ple rs t hat s up por t tun ing info rmat ion in the Samp ler Loop s wi ndow. For more information, see Sampler Loops window ( Ctrl+Al t+M, 6) on page 28 . Note: The software does not use this information. Proc essing musical i nstrument files Sound Forge can[...]

If you want to open a sample’ s audio data, browse to an instrument file in the Explorer window . Click the down arrow next to th e V iews button ( ) and choose Region View fr om the menu. Each wave is then display ed at the bottom of the Explorer wi ndow . Y ou can double-click a wave to open it as a wave file: Previ ew ing sam ple s Playback fo[...]

Y o u can select all sa mples in a bank by click ing the bank in the left pane: Y o u can select all of an instrument ’ s samples by click ing the instrument in the left pane: Y o u can select all sa mples within a note range by click ing the note range in the left pane: Y o u can select individual sampl es by expanding a note range or the Sample[...]

Proc es sing selections 1. Select the samples you want to process . If no samples are selec ted, processing will be applied to all samples. 2. Choose a command from the Process , Effects , or FX F avorites menu. 3. Choose a preset from the Preset drop- down list or adjust the dialog contr ols as needed. F o r more information, see Applying presets [...]

Using the MIDI keyboard With the MIDI keyboard, you can control internal/external synthe si zers and samplers from the Sound F orge application. The MIDI keyboard can also be used to listen to the sounds on a synthesizer or in the synthesis sec tion of the sound card. Displaying the MIDI keyboar d T o display the MIDI keyboard , cho ose Keyboard fr[...]

Specifyin g instrume nts 1. Choose Send Program Changes from t he MIDI Out button ( ) menu. A check mark appears adjacent to the command to ind icate that this option is turned on. If this optio n is turned off , patches cannot be switched. 2. Fro m t h e Vo i c e drop-down list, choo se the new voice and click any key . Note: Pat ch names are arra[...]

Setting up MIDI/SDS hardware T o us e MIDI/SDS prot ocol wi th an external s ampler that suppor ts MIDI/SDS, you must install a MIDI card with MIDI input and out p ut por ts in the system. 1. Using a MIDI cable , connec t the MIDI output port of the sampler to the MIDI inpu t port of the MIDI card. 2. Connect the MIDI input por t of the sampler to [...]

Periodi c transfer failures Messages such as “ The SCSI Device is not r esponding” or “ A pr oblem was encountered while transferring the sample” may indicate a problem with a SCSI bus. 1. Fro m t h e To o l s menu, choose Sampler . The Sampler dialog is display ed. 2. Click Conf ig ure . The Sampler Configuration dialog is display ed. 3. R[...]

Chapter 16 W ork ing with MIDI/SMPTE This chapter describes using Sound F o rge® Pr o soft ware in conjunction with internal and external MIDI devices. What is M ID I? The musical instrument digital interface (MIDI) is a set of comm an ds or a langu age that mu sic softwar e and hardwa re use to communicate . The most common way to utilize MIDI is[...]

Configuring the MIDI device 1. Fro m t h e View menu, choose Keyb oard . The MIDI Keyboard appears. On/Off Voice Note/Chord Output Channel MIDI Out Octav e Outpu t Vel ocity 2. Open the Voiceo ver .pca file. 3. Click the MIDI Out button ( ) and choo se the appropriate MIDI router from the menu. 4. Set the keyboard’ s Output channel value to 1 . T[...]

Starting playback 1. Fro m t h e Opt io ns menu , choose MIDI In/Out , and choose T rigger from MIDI Timec ode from the submenu . A check mark appears adjacent to the command, indicating that it is active and the sof tware is ready to rec eive MIDI commands. 2. Click the C4 key on the MIDI Keyboard. The V oiceover .pca file is played in its entiret[...]

6. Ty p e 1 in the Channel box and C4 in the No te box . A small mus ical note appears ad jacent to the “W ow” region in the Regions List to indicate that a trigger has been configured. A small musical note indicates a region trigger 7. Repeat steps 4 through 6, providing each r egion with a uniq ue MIDI trigger . Using region playba ck trigger[...]

Sound F o rge software and MI DI timecode synchronization MIDI timecode (MT C) is a method of using SMPTE timing signals to synchronize multiple devices. Al though MIDI timecode is typica lly used to synchronize audio and video , it can also be used to synchronize pla yback devices. Y ou can synchronize to external MT C o r generate M TC for other [...]

6. Click OK . 7. Fro m t h e Opt io ns menu, choose MIDI In/Out , and choose T rigger from MIDI T i mecode from the s ubmenu. A check mark appears adjacent to the command t o indicate that synchronization to M TC is ready . Configuring the sequencer 1. Set the sequencer’ s MIDI output port to correspond with t he Sound F orge MIDI input port. 2. [...]

Conf iguring the sequence r 1. Specify the sequencer’ s MIDI input por t that corresponds to the Sound Forge MIDI output port. 2. Set the sequencer ’ s SMPTE off set time value as needed. Note: Sound Fo rge software uses 00:0 0:00:00 as its output star t po int, but certain sequencers rec o mmend a SMPTE offset time of at least four seconds to [...]

260 | CHAPTER 1 6[...]

Chapter 17 Loo p i n g Sound Forge® P ro soft ware is an ex cellent tool for creating loops and provides the perfect compliment to the revolutionary ACID ® line of loop-based music creation tools. Creating loop regions in files is useful only when you intend to transfer the files to a hardware sampler that supports the lo o p regions. Loops A loo[...]

3. Fro m t h e Insert menu, choose Sample Loop (or press Alt+L). The data window displays the appropriate tags in the ruler t o specify the loop ’ s start and end points. The Play as Sample button ( ) ap pears on the playbar . Loop start and end tags 4. Right-clic k the sustaining loop and choose Edit Sample Loop from the shor tcut menu (or press[...]

Looping techniques Depending upon the source mater ial, creating a natural-sounding loop can be a difficult task. Many factors beyond your c o ntrol may produce distracting pops and glitches, thereb y calling unwant ed at tention t o the loop. Although looping skill is largely the pr oduct of practice and experimentation, there are some guidelines [...]

The left side of the Loop Tuner window displays the end of the loop, while the right side d isplays the start of the loop. This arrangement allows you to fine-tune loops by viewing a graphical representation of the junction between the end and the start of a loop. Displaying the Loop T uner 1. Open the Loop .pc a file. A sustaining loop appears in [...]

Vie wing loop amplitude The sample amplitude at the loop ’ s star t and end points appears in the low er-right corner of the Loop T uner . End Loop Amplitude Start Loop Amplitude Although it is dependent on the specific wav eform, a good rule of thumb is that the closer these two amplitude values are, the more natural the resulting loop sounds. F[...]

Locking loop length The Lock Loop Length button ( ) allows you to freely move the start and end points of a loop without alteri ng its length. When the button is selected, any editing that mov e s a loop point affects both loop points, thereby keeping the loop length constant. Clicking the Lock Loop Length button a second time turns this feature of[...]

Creating loops for A CID sof tware The Sound F o rge application is an excellent tool for crea ting and editi ng loops to be impor ted into any of the ACID family o f p roducts. Y o u can create thr ee different types of files for ACID use: • One-shot fil e • Loop file • ACID 3.0 or later beatmapped file Creating an A CID one -shot file One -[...]

Creating an ACID beatmapped file ACID beatmapped files can change tempo and pitch to match an ACID project. Y ou must specify the file’ s original tempo and root note for transposing upon configuration. I f you do not specify these values , no tempo or ke y changes occur . Beatmapped files are typ ically used in ACID software ve rsion 3.0 or late[...]

Editing loops for A C ID software Y o u can use a number of tools to prepare audio f or use in ACID software. Halving or doubling a loop These commands allow you to quickly change the size of a selec tion. Loop Half loop Double loop Halving a loop Fro m t h e Edit menu, choose Selection , and choose Halve from the submenu . Tip : Y ou can also clic[...]

Rotating audio Y ou can mov e the beginning of a loop to the end, or the end of a loop to the beginning by rotating the audio . From the Process menu, choose Rotate Audio . Notes: • Y ou can also click the Rotate A udio button ( ) on the Process toolbar or press : ( colon). • If the selec ted audio does not originate from the start or end of a [...]

Setting loop tempo Y o u can calculate, and if necessary edit, the tempo of your loop s. Loop tempo is especially impor tant if the loop will be used fo r b u il di ng a project in any ACID product. F or more information, see Creating loops for ACID software on page 267 . Calculati ng loop te mpo 1. Select the loop. 2. Fro m t h e Opt io ns menu , [...]

272 | CHAPTER 1 7[...]

W ork ing with V i deo Chapter 18 Sound Forge® Pro soft ware supports openi ng and saving Microsoft® Audio and V ideo Interleave ( A VI), Windows Med ia® Video ( WMV ), QuickTime® (MOV ), and MPEG video files. Y ou can edit a video file’ s au dio track with single -frame accurac y. V iewing video Y o u can view the video portion of a file in [...]

Using the cursor to select a frame When frame animation is turned on, clicking anywhere within the audio portion of the data window displays the corr esponding vid eo frame in the video strip . T o move the cursor b y single frames, press Alt+Right Arrow or Alt+L ef t Arrow . Viewing frame numbers Y ou can display fr ame numbers on each frame in yo[...]

Prev iewing files with video If you are working with a media file that contains video , you can use the Video Preview windo w for previewing. Y ou must have th e Video Preview windo w displayed to preview the audio stream. Y ou ca n hide or display the Video Preview window by choosing Video Pr e view from the Vie w menu. T o begin previewing the cu[...]

Resizing the Video Preview window Double -click the title bar of the Video Pr eview window to automa tically resize the window to fit the curr ent video file . Double -cl ic k th e title bar again to resize the window to half its previous siz e. This smaller size window allows for faster video frame previewi ng. Using an ex ternal monitor Y ou hav [...]

Setting video options Video file pr oper ties The video properties for a file affect how video is displayed an d rendered when you sa ve the file. In most situations, y ou can leave these settings at their default values. Ho wever , you can adjust the video proper ties of a file as needed. 1. Fro m t h e View menu, choose F ile Prop er ties . The F[...]

Saving a video file 1. Fro m t h e Fil e menu, choose Sav e As . The Save As dialog appears. 2. Fro m t h e Save as t ype drop- down list, choose a video file format. 3. Name the file in the F ile name box. 4. Select or clear the following check box es as needed: • St retch video to fill output frame size (do not letterbox) : Selecting this check[...]

Chapter 19 Using Spectrum Analysis This chapter in troduces you t o the concept of frequency and desc ribes the Sound F orge® Pro Spectrum Analysis. Spectrum Analysis allows you to examine audio fr equencies and over tones using either spectrum graphs or sonograms. W orking in the frequenc y domain Unlike the waveform display , which represents au[...]

Using a spectrum graph In the spectrum graph, the horizontal axis represents frequency in Her tz (Hz), while the vertical axis represents amplitude in decibels (dB). Displaying a spectrum gr aph 1. Open an audio file. 2. Select the por tion of the waveform you want to analyze. The soun d or note you want to anal yze should be in the center of the h[...]

Monitoring an input and ou tput source Click the Real Time Monitoring button ( ) to turn real-time spectrum analysis on or off. Click the down arrow next to the button and choose a command from the menu to specify whether you want to monitor your sound card’ s input or output : • When you choose Monitor Input , S ound F orge will monitor the re[...]

Naviga ting a spec trum graph After a spec trum graph is displayed, Grab/Pan mode allows you to scroll vertically and horizontally. T o enabl e Grab/Pan mode, r ight-click the Spectrum Analysis dialog and choose Grab/Pan from the shortcut menu. A check mark appears next to this option when Grab/Pan mode is enabled. The cursor appears as a hand ( ),[...]

Viewing mult iple spe ctr um graph s Once you create a selection in the d ata window , you ca n display up to 64 individual spectrum graphs (eac h representing a specif ic point in time). 1. Open an audio file. 2. Fro m t h e View menu, choose Spectrum Analysis . The Spectrum Analysis window appears. 3. Click the Setti ngs butt on ( ). The Spectrum[...]

Erasing snapshots Y ou don ’ t need to erase individual snapshots to update or replace them. Simply click the Set Snaps hot button ( ), and the n click a snapshot button ( ) in the Spec trum Analysis toolbar to update its image. If you want to erase all snapshots, click the Clear all snapshots button ( ). Viewing snapshot statistics Information a[...]

If there is no selection in the waveform display windo w, the sonogram analyzes the sound data from the current cursor position to the end of the file. Displaying fr equency and amplitude values, note s and statistics As you move the cursor through the sonogram, the amplitude and frequenc y values at the current position are display ed in a T ool T[...]

T uning a sonogram It is frequ ently necessar y to experi ment with the control pa rame ters in the Spectrum Set tings dialog to produce the best possib le sonogram. For mor e information, see Adjusting Spectrum Analysis settin gs on page 287 . Improvin g the graph ’ s contr ast T o improv e the contrast of the sonogram, decrease th e frequency a[...]

Adjusting Spectrum Analysis settings Fr om the Spectrum Anal ysis toolbar , click the Settings button ( ) to display the Spectrum Settings dialog. The following table explains the role of each contro l in audio spectrum analysis. Ite m FFT size FFT overlap Smoothing window Slices display ed Des crip tion Choose a value from the FFT size drop-down l[...]

It em De scr ipt io n Sync graphs If you are analyzing a multichannel file, select the Sync graphs check bo x to synchronize the displa ys so you can view the same region of the FFT in all channels. Logarithmic graphing Selec t the Log ar ith mic gra phi ng check box to display the X-axis in logarithmic mode rather than linear mode. In logarithmic [...]

Chapter 20 Burning CDs Y o u can write audio to CD if your system is configu red with a suppor ted CD-R/R W drive and the neces sar y drivers. Understanding track-a t- onc e and disc-at- once burning Sound Forge® P ro soft ware provides two ways to bu rn audio to a CD: track-at -once and disc-at- once. T rack-at-once T rack-at-once burning records[...]

Burning track-a t- once ( T A O) CDs Y ou sh ould alwa ys save yo ur audio files prior to writing th em to CD . 1. Fro m t h e To o l s menu, choose Burn T rac k-at-Once Audi o CD . The Burn T rack-at-Once Audio CD dialog is displayed . The bottom of the dialog displays the length of the curren t audio file and th e amount of time remaining on the [...]

6. Click the Star t button. Important: Clicking Ca nc el after the CD writing process begins renders the CD unusable . After the audio is written to CD , the CD Operation dialog indicates whether the wr iting was successful. 7. Click OK to clear the message. Closing a CD Closing the CD allows you to listen to it in an audio CD play er . Howev er , [...]

Burning disc-at- once (DA O) CDs Fro m t h e To o l s menu, choose Burn Di sc-at-Once Au dio CD to burn a disc-at- once CD using the cur rent CD layout. Use DA O CDs when you need to create a master disc for mass replication. Tip : When creating DA O CDs, right- click the ruler or Time Display window and choose Audio CD T ime from the shor tcut men[...]

Adding CD tracks and index mark ers to a sound file Creating CD tracks 1. Select the time range that yo u want to use t o create a track. A track must be at least four seconds long. 2. Fro m t h e Insert menu, choose CD T rack (or press N). A CD track is added to the CD layout bar in the data windo w. Tip : Y ou can dr ag CD tracks to rearrange the[...]

Creating CD tracks from r e gions in a file If you have a live recording that uses regions to indicate the sections of t he recording, y ou can use this feature to create tr acks without having to scan through the audio and create tracks man ually . 1. Add r egions as ne cessary to ind ica te the tracks in your recording. 2. Fro m t h e Edit menu, [...]

Dragging files to the T rack List window Drag a file to the T rack List window . An indicator is d isplayed to show y ou where the track will be added when y ou release the mouse. When you dr o p the file, a track is cr eated, and pause time is added before the new track. T rack placement indicator Dragging files from the Explorer window Fro m t h [...]

3. Drag the files to the T rack List. When you drop the files , a track is created for each file , and pa use time is added befor e each track . Pa us e t i m e Tip s: • When you creat e tracks using media files that include title and ar tist metadata, this information will be added to the T r ack L ist window as CD T ext. • Y ou c an use the D[...]

Moving tracks on the CD layout bar The C D layo ut ba r di spl ays in for mati on ab out th e tra cks you’ve crea ted fo r your dis c- at- once CD p roje ct . Ea ch CD trac k sh ows th e track ’ s number , active take name, and length. Note: A red indica tor is drawn at the e nd of the CD layout bar to re present the end of the disc (if the d i[...]

Hiding the CD layout bar Fro m t he Opti on s menu, choose Data Window , and then choose CD T racks from the submenu. The CD layo ut bar is hidden. Choose CD Tr a c k s from the submenu again to display t he CD layout bar . Tip : Right- click the Edit T ool Selector to display or hide comp onents for the selected data window . F or more information[...]

• Drag either end of the track to adjust the track’ s starting or ending position. The pause time between tracks is display e d in a T oolTip: • T h e Pau se column in the T rack List window allo ws you to edit the pause time between tracks . Type a new va lue in the box, and tracks will move ac cordingly in the timeline. BURNING CDS | 299[...]

Using the T rack List window Fro m t h e View menu, choose Metadata , and then choose T rack List from the submenu to toggle the disp lay of the T ra ck List window. The T rack List window is essentially a tex t representation of the events on the CD layout bar for a disc-at-once CD. Y ou can us e the T rack List window to view track and index mark[...]

T oggl ing protection and emphasis flags Select th e Prot check box to add a flag to the Q subcode to prevent digital c o pying of your CD . In order to use copy protection, the CD play er must support the copy-protection flag. Select th e Emph check box to add a pre-emph asis flag to the Q subcode. Pre-emphasis is a basic noise -reduction process [...]

Cop ying track list s to the clipboar d 1. Fro m t h e Edit menu, choose Tr a ck List , and then choose Copy T rack List to Clipboard fr om the submenu. The C o py T rack List t o Clipboard dialog is displayed. Tip : Right- click the T rack List window and choose C opy Tr ack List to Cli pboard from the shor tcut menu. 2. Choose the format you want[...]

Printing track lists 1. Fro m t h e Edit menu, choose Tr a c k L i s t , and then choose Print T rack List from the subm enu. The Print T rack List dialog is display ed. Tip : Right-click the T rack List window and choose P rint Tr ack List from the shortcut menu. 2. Choo se t he fo rmat you w ant to a pp ly to your trac k li st i nfor mati on: •[...]

2. Add title and artist information for each track on y our CD: a. Fro m t h e View menu, choose Metadata , and then choose Tr a c k L i s t to display the Tr ack List w indow . b. Double- click the Ti tl e (C D T e x t) box and type the name of the track . c. Double- click the Ar t ist (CD T ext) box and type the name of the a r tist who performed[...]

6. Select th e Render temporary image before burning check box if you want to render y our CD projec t to a temporar y file before recording . Prerendering can prevent buffer underruns if you ha ve a complex project that cannot be render ed and burn ed in real time. Note: The rendered tempor ar y file will remain until you modify your pr oject or e[...]

306 | CHAPTER 2 0[...]

Chapter 21 O ptimizing for Sound F orge Pr o Sof tware This chapter contains inf ormation on configuring your syst em to optimiz e the pe rformance of Sound Forge® P ro soft ware. Defragmenting your hard drive The Sound F o rge application is a disk-based digital audio editor that allows editing operations to be performed on the system ’ s hard [...]

Tim e d is p la ys Fro m t h e Opt io ns menu, choose Time Di sp la y , and choose Pass iv e U pd at e from the submenu. A check mark appears next to the command to indicate that this option is turned on. Video displ ays Fro m t h e Opt io ns menu , choose Vi d eo , and choose Pas s i ve U p d at e from the submenu. A check mark ap pears next to th[...]

Chapter 22 C ustomizing Sound F orge P ro Sof tware Y o u can customize Sound F orge® Pro software to suit your project needs and working preferences . Ma ny of the settings depend on your equipment or studio setup. Sound F orge Pro software can be se t to work with the components that you use in your studio. Saving and recalling windo w lay outs [...]

5. The Fo ld e r box displays the path to folder where the lay out will be saved. Window lay outs are saved in the following f olders by default: • I n Windows XP: C:Documents and Settings<us er name>Application DataS onySound Forge P ro10.0 • I n Windows V ista or Windows 7: C:Users<user name>AppDataRoamingSonySound F o[...]

3. Click the Delete Layout button to r emove the selected layout from your computer . Note: Y ou c annot delete a layout that is included in the Current lay ou ts in menu list. First , select the layout in the C u rrent layouts in menu list and click the Clear button. Next, select the layout in the Available layouts in current f o lder list and cli[...]

Setting prefer ences Pref erences affect how Sound For g e software functions. Any changes that you make t o the prefer ences remain set until you change them again or reset Sound F orge soft ware to use the default presets . Y ou can access the Pref erences dialog by choosing Preferences from the Op ti on s menu. This dialog c ontains tabbed pages[...]

Option De scription Allow floating windows to dock When thi s chec k box is selecte d, windows will autom atica lly be docked when you drag them to the edges of the Sound F orge workspace. Y ou can hold th e Ctrl key while dragging a window to preven t it from docking. When this check box is cl eared, windows w ill not d ock unles s you hold the Ct[...]

Option De scription Allow Ctrl+drag style zoom in data windows When this check box is selec ted, you can hold Ctrl and drag in a data window to zoom to a selec tion. Autom atic all y nam e regi ons and markers if not playing When region s and mar kers are added , this option au tomatically prompts you for a name . This does not happen when adding m[...]

Description T abs for maximized data windows Option Choose a setting from the drop- dow n list to choose whether you want to display tabs to help y ou browse maximized data windows: • Choose None if you do not want to display tabs. Y ou can navigate data windows by ch oosing a window from the Wi nd o w m enu or by pressing Ctrl+T ab. • Choose T[...]

Editing tab The Editing tab allows you to specify pref erences for editing and undo operations. Option Descript ion Disable trip le -click ing to selec t all Selec t this che ck box if you don’t want to selec t al l data when you triple- click in a data window. Y ou sound file data mig ht want to select this option if triple - clicks ar e falsely[...]

Option Des cription F ade I n T ype a valu e in the Fa d e I n box (or use the spinner) to set the defa ult length of the fa de in between the processed and unprocessed signal. Click the Fa d e Cu r ve s button ( ) and choose a cur ve ty pe from the menu to set the speed of the fade in. F ade Out Type a v a lue in the F ade Out box (or use the spi [...]

3. Adjust additional settings as necessary : It em De scr ipt ion New marker prefix Type a pr efix in the box if you w a nt to assi gn a name to new markers. Clear the check box if you do not want to include a pr efix (if you wan t to number markers onl y , for example ). Use counter and star t at Select this check box and t ype a number in the box[...]

Previ ews ta b The Previ ews tab allows you to specify options f or previewing files. Ite m Desc ript ion Limit non-realtime previews to Select this ch eck box and specify the length of audio that will be used when generating a preview . Low values decrease the amount of time needed to gener ate a preview when tuning effects or pr ocessing values. [...]

Status tab The Status tab allows you to specify preferences for displaying inf ormation in the status bar . It em D esc rip tio n Default frames per second The default frame rate used to calculate frame val ues. Fr ame values are useful when tr ying to synchronize sound with animation. Most animation player s specify a playback f rame rate at which[...]

CD Settings tab The CD Settings tab allows you to specify settin gs for burning and extracting audio from CDs. Ite m Desc ript ion Use strict Red Book specification for Select this check box if you wan t to be notified pr ior to burning a disc-at-once CD if anything about DAO validation your CD projec t is against stric t Red Book standards. These [...]

Audi o t ab The Audio tab allows you to specify playback and recording options. Basic audio preferences It em D esc rip ti on Audio device type Choose a driver type from the drop- down list. • Micros oft Sound Mapper - The default setting. Allows the Sound Mapper to choose ap propriate playback and recor ding devices. • W indows Classic W ave -[...]

Advanced audio prefer ences Y o u can click the Advan ced button on the Aud io tab to access the advanced audio pref erences. Setting Description Audio devices This list contains all of the audio devices that ar e installed in your computer . Se lect a device from the list to set the options below for that device. Interpolate position When this che[...]

It em Des cri pti on External monitor device Choo se a device from the drop-down list to configure an IEEE-1394 device for use with an external monitor . Sound Forge will send your video output to this device when you click the Exte rnal M onitor button ( ) in the Video Preview window . More information on this device are displayed in the Detai ls [...]

Cust omizing keyboar d shor tcuts Fro m t h e Opt io ns menu , choose Cust omize Keyboard t o customize the keyboard shor tcuts available in the Sound Forge interface. The Shor tcut keys box displays the currently assigned shor tcut keys for the se lected command. Click a tab in the middle of the dialog to choose which shor tcuts you want to see. E[...]

Saving a keyboar d mapping 1. Fro m t h e Opt io ns menu, choose C us tomize Keyboard . The Cust o mize Keyboard dialog is displayed. 2. Click the Save as button and type a name to sav e your curren t keyboard shor tcuts to an .ini file in the f ollowing folder: • Windows XP: C:Documents and Settings<user na me>Application DataS onySou[...]

Appendix A Shor tcuts This appendix contains information about the shortcuts you can us e to make editing in Sound For ge® Pro software quicker and eas ier Keyboar d shor tcuts The follo wing shor tcuts represent the default configuration. Y our system may diff er if you ’ve used the Customize Keyboar d windo w to customize your keyboard shor tc[...]

Magnification and view shor tcuts Com man d K ey bo ard S ho r tcu t Set input focus to the waveform display in the active window Alt+0 Show/set input focus to the Explorer window Alt+1 Show/set input focus to the F ile Properties window Alt+2 —or — Alt+Enter Show/set input focus to the V ideo Preview windo w Alt+3 Show/set input focus to the T[...]

Data windo w shor tcuts Command Keyboard Shor tcut Select previous/next editing tool D/Shift+D Select normal edit tool Ctrl+D Select all data in the active windo w Ctrl+A Copy the selected data onto the clipboard Ctrl+C Past e the clipboard conten ts into a new data window Ctrl+E Mix data from the clipboard with the ac tive window Ctrl+M T rim (cro[...]

Cursor mov ement shor tcuts Com man d K ey bo ard S ho r tcu t Move one pixel right/l eft Right Ar row/Left Arrow Go to end of file Ctrl +Right Arro w —or — Go to the next region, loop or marker bo unda r y (if regions, loops, o r markers exist in the file) Go to beginning of file Ctrl+Left Arr ow —or — Go to the previous region, loop or ma[...]

Data selection shortcuts Command Keyboard Shor tcut Show the Set Selection dialog Ctrl+Shift+D Select from the cursor to th e next/previous screen pixel Shift+R ight/Left Arrow —or — Select next/previous event (when the E vent tool ( ) is selected) Select from the cursor to the nex t/previous sample Shift+Ctrl+Alt+R ight/Left Arrow Select from [...]

Navigation and playback shortcuts Com man d K ey bo ard S ho r tcu t Save a view in cell <Number> wher e <Num ber> ranges from 1 to 8 Ctrl+Shift+<Number> Restore a view using cell <Number> wher e <Number> ranges from 1 to 8 Ctrl+<Number> Move cursor t o corresponding marker or select corresponding region 0 -9 key[...]

Event t ool keyboard shor tcuts Command Keyboard Shor tcut Selec t the previo us/next editing tool ( Edit tool, Ma gnify tool, Pencil t ool, Event tool) D o r Shift+D Split even ts at cursor S Show/hide fade lengths betwee n events: Ctrl+Shift+T T oggle automatic crossfades on/off Ctrl+Shift+X Select the next even t Shift+R ight Arro w Select the p[...]

Regions List shortcuts Com man d K ey bo ard S ho r tcu t Play or stop the active marker or region Spacebar Edit the active marker or region Enter Delete the active marker or region Delete Create r egion from the current sel ection R Ctrl+I Replicate selected r egion Ctrl+D Update region to match selection Ctrl+U Playlist/Cutlist shortcuts Com man [...]

Drag-and- drop shor tcuts Drag-and-drop allows you to quickly per form operations crossing between open data windows, the Playlist/Cutlist window , the Reg ions List, and the time ruler . Command Function Drag to New T o create a new file fro m the c urrent s e lection, drag the selection to an open area o f the Sound Forge desktop. Note: Y ou can [...]

Mouse shor tcuts Command Function Select All Double -click the waveform display t o selec t the entire sound file. T riple -c lick when reg ions, loops or markers are presen t (if the Disable triple -click ing to select all sound fi le data check box on the Editing tab in the P references dial og is cleared) . Zoom Time and Level Do uble- click the[...]

Appendix B Microsoft Audio C ompression Manager The Microsoft Audio Compr ession M anager (A CM) is a standard inter face for audio compr ession in Windows. This inter face allows applications suc h as Sound Forge® Pro to use co mpr e ssion algorithms provided by other companies. Sound Forge software fully suppor ts audio compression through the A[...]

T ranspar ent playback and recor ding of non-hardware suppor ted audio files The second component of the A CM is called the Soun d Mapper . I t allows playback and recording of audio data formats that ar e no t directly suppor ted by the sound card. Y ou can select the Sound M apper as the Playback and Record devices on the Au di o tab of the Pref [...]

Appe ndix C SMPTE T imecode The Society of Motion Picture and T elevision Engineers (SMPTE) timecode may be one of the most misunderstood concepts among individuals within the music industry. T he pr oblem with SMPTE timecode f or mats is that they may mean differ ent things to people in the audio and video fields. What follow s is a br ief descrip[...]

340 | APPENDIX C[...]

Appendix D Using CSOUND , MTU , IRCAM, BICSF , and EBICSF F iles Although Sound F orge® Pro software supports a large number of sound file formats directly , it does not sup por t the CSOUND , MTU, IRCAM, BICSF or EBICSF file t ypes. However , you can use the Sound F orge Raw File T ype capabilities to ext ract sound data from t hese file types . [...]

Opening a n IRCAM file 1. Fro m t he Fi l e menu, choose Ope n . The Open dialog appears. 2. Specify Raw Au dio from the Fil es o f t y p e drop- down list. 3. Select an IRC AM file to open and click Op en . The R aw F ile Type dialog appears. 4. Configure the following parameters: • Specify a sample rate from the Sample ra te drop-down list. •[...]

Glossar y Appendix E A-Law A-Law is a compounded compr ession algorithm for voice signal s defined by the Geneva Recommendations ( G.711). The G.711 recommendation defines A-Law as a method of en coding 16-bit PCM signals into a nonlinear 8-bit format. The algorithm is commonl y used in United States telecommunications . A-Law is very similar to µ[...]

Anal og When discussing audio , this term refers t o a method of reproducing a sound wav e with voltage fluctuation s that are analogous to the pressur e fluctuations of the sound wav e. This is diff erent from digital rec ording in that these fluctuations are infinitely var ying rather than discrete changes at sample time. See als o Quantization o[...]

Bit The most el ementar y unit in dig ital systems. Its v alue can onl y b e 1 or 0, corresponding t o a voltage in an electronic circuit. Bits are used to represen t values in the binar y numbering system. As an exam ple, the 8-bit binar y number 10011010 represents the unsig ned val ue of 154 in the decimal system. In digital sampling, a binar y [...]

Compression Ratio (audio) A compression ratio controls the ratio o f input to output levels above a specific threshold. This r atio determines how much a s ignal has to rise above the threshold f or every 1 dB of increase in the output. For example, with a r atio of 3:1, the input level must in crease by three decibels to produce a one -decibel out[...]

DC Offse t DC offset occurs when hardwar e, such as a sound card, adds DC current to a recorded audio signa l. This current results in a r ec orded wavef or m that is not centered around the baseline (-infinity). Glitches and other unexpected results can occur when sound eff ec ts are applied to files that contain DC offsets. Sound Forge s oftware [...]

DirectX A set of Application Program Inter faces designed by Microsoft fo r multimedia development. A Dir ectX plug-in, such as the Sony N oise Reduction DirectX Plug-I n, uses the DirectX Media Streaming Servic es (DMSS) API. Because DMSS is a standard API, a DirectX plug-in can be used in any application that suppor ts DMSS. Dithering Dithering i[...]

Fr equenc y Modulation (FM) Fr equenc y Modulation (F M) is a process b y which the frequency (p itch) of a sound is varied over time . Subaudio frequency modula tion results in pitch-bending effects (vibrato). Fr equenc y mo dulation within audio band frequencies (20 Hz - 20,000 H z) creates many different side-band f requencies that drastica lly [...]

Inv er t Data Inverting sound data rev erses the polarity of a wav eform around its baseline. Inverting a waveform does not change the sound of a file; howev er , when you mix diff erent sound files, phase cancellation can occur , producing a “hollow ” sound. Inverting one of the fil es can prevent phase cancellation. In the following example ,[...]

MIDI Channels MID I al lows fo r 16 dis cre te ch an nel s for s en din g dat a. When dea lin g wi th MID I tr ig ger s, So und Forge so ft wa re ne eds to k now wha t MIDI channel to look at for receiving the trigger. T he chann el this information is sent to in Sound F orge software depends on the de vice sending the MIDI messages. MIDI Clock A M[...]

Nondestructi ve Editing This type of editing inv o lves a pointer-based system of keeping track of edits . When you delete a section of audio in a nondest ructive system, the audio on disk is not actually deleted. Instead, a se t of pointers is established to tell the program to skip the de leted section during playback. Normalize Refers to raising[...]

Pre-roll/Post-roll Pre-roll is the amount of time elapsed befor e an event occurs. Post-roll is the amount of time after th e event. P re and post-ro ll have various uses in Sound Forge soft ware. P re- roll can be added to a crossfade preview to listen to the sound before the crossfade begins to give c ontext to it. Pr e -roll can also be used in [...]

Quantization Quantization is the process b y which measurements are rounde d to discrete values . Specifically with respec t to audio, quantizat ion is a function of the analog-to -di gital con version process. T he continuo us variation of the voltages of a analog audio signal are qua ntized to discrete amplitude values represented b y digi tal, b[...]

Ruler , Level The level ruler is the area on a da ta window to the left of the waveform display . It shows the vertical axis units as a percent age or in decibels. Ruler , Time The time ruler is the area on a data window above the waveform display . I t shows the horizontal ax is units as well as marker , r egion, and loop tags. Ruler T ags Ruler t[...]

Sample V alue The Sample V alue (a lso referred to as sample amplitude) is the nu mber stor ed by a single sample. The number stored by a single sample: • In 32-bit audio , these values range from -21 47483648 to 2147483647. • In 24-bit audio , they range fr om -8388608 to 8388607. • In 16-bit audio , they range fr om -32768 to 32767. • In [...]

Society of Motion Picture and T elevis ion Engineers (SMPTE) SMPTE time code is used to synchr onize time between devices. Th e time code is calcula ted in hours:minutes:second:frames, where frames are fractions of a seco nd based on the frame ra te. Frame r ates for SMPTE time code ar e 24, 25, 29.97 and 30 frames per s econd. Sound Card The sound[...]

Undo Buffer This is the temporar y file created before you do any processing to a sound file. This undo buffer allo ws you to rewrite pr eviou s versions of the sound file if you decide you don ’ t like c hanges you’ ve made to the sound file. This undo buffer is erased when the file is closed or the Clear Undo/ Redo Hist or y command is select[...]

Zero -C ross ing A zero- crossing is the point where a fluctuating signal crosses the basel ine. By making edits at zero-c rossings with the same slo pe , the chance of creating glitches is minimized . Zipper Nois e Zipper noise occurs when you apply a changing gain t o a signal, su ch as when fading out. If the gain does not change in small e noug[...]

360 | APPENDIX E[...]

Inde x A Absolute Frames button, 38 ACID P roperties window, 27 ACI D s o f t wa re, 70 ACID , creating loops for , 267–271 ACIDplanet.com, 81 ACM, 337 Acoustic Mirror See also impulse files adding acoustic signatures to files , 215 adjusting acoustic signatures, 215 adjusting impulse length, 217 button, 41 Env elope tab, 217 error messages, 225 [...]

C Burn T rack-at-Once Audio CD dialog , 42, 290–291 burning CDs. See disc-at-once CD burning; track-at-once CD burning bypassing processes while previewing , 173 calculating loop tempo, 271 CD index markers , 293 CD information editing, 59 submitting to Gracenote , 59 window , 28 CD layo ut bar deleting CD tracks , 297 end-of- disc indicator , 29[...]

command markers (continued) Scott Studios, 119 commands customizing shortcut assignments, 325–326 descriptions in status bar , 43 compressing audio , 104 configuring MIDI devices, 254 MIDI keyboar d, 249 MIDI triggers, 254 plug-ins on a chain, 198 controls envelope graphs , 49–51 faders, 49 mouse shor tcuts, 336 sliders, 49 conver ting file for[...]

data windows (continued) customizing , 33 overview , 31 overview bar , 84–85 playbar , 34 scrolling during playback , 61 DC Offset button, 40 cal ib rati ng for re co rdin g, 14 1 dialog, 182 estimating, 181 overview , 181 recalibrat ing for re cording, 142 decibels, defined, 43 Default time between CD tracks pref erence, 296 defragmenting the ha[...]

effects (conti nued) Flange/W ah-W ah, 41, 211 FX F avorites m enu, 203 Gapper/Snipp er , 41, 211 Graphic Dynamics, 41, 209 hiding, 203 loading saved chains, 201 loading saved presets, 201 Multi-Band Dynamics, 41, 209 Multi- T ap Delay , 41, 209 Noise Gate, 41, 211 Pitch Bend , 41, 211–212 Pitch Shift, 41, 212 Plug-In Manager , 202 Preset Manager[...]

exte rna l MIDI devices, 256 monitors for video previewing , 276 samplers, 241 extrac ting audio from CDs button, 42 creating markers for each index change, 144 creating regions f or each track , 144 from dialog, 144–145 from Explorer window , 59 previewing CD tracks, 145 proper use of soft ware, 145 refreshing dialog, 145 extrac ting regions to [...]

I hard disk defragmentation, 307 hardware meters adjusting outp ut levels, 111 adjusting preview levels, 111 mono- compatibility meters, 4 8 overview , 24 phase scopes, 48 viewing, 111, 112 VU/PPM meters, 46–47 hardware setup exte rnal mon itor , 276 MIDI/SDS, 251 SCSI/SMDI, 251 help, 18 hiding effects (plug-ins), 203 video strip, 273 Highpass T [...]

Loop Playback button, 37, 62 Loop T uner displaying, 264 fi ndi ng zero - c ros sin gs, 265 locking loop length, 266 playing loops, 264 switching between sustain and release loops, 264 viewing loop amplitude, 265 window , 25 loops crea tin g for ACI D, 2 67– 27 1 doubling, 269 editing, 263–266 halving, 269 locking length, 266 locking lengths, 1[...]

mixing by dragging and dr opping, 75, 152 events , 163 from clipboard, 76 monitor for video previewing , 276 monitoring audio input levels while recor d ing, 143 monitoring levels decibels, defined, 43 digital vs. analog levels , 4 4 setting digital audio levels, 44 mono files conv erting from stereo, 180 conv erting to stereo or multichannel, 179 [...]

Paste button, 36 Paste Markers/Regions option, 72 paste special overwriting, 147 replicating, 148 Paste t o New command, 73 pasting by dragging and dr opping, 72–73 drag-and- drop, 150 events , 163 in existing data windo ws, 72 in new data windows, 73 P ause butt on, 37 pause time, 298, 300 peak files, 59 peak program meters. See VU/PP M meters P[...]

prefer ences (continued) Video tab , 323–324 VST Effects tab , 324 Pre-Queue for MIDI Timecode butt o n, 39 Pre-roll to Cursor command , 8 3 Preset Manager , 42, 204 presets applying, 171 creating , 172 deleting, 172 overview , 171 resetting parameters , 172 saving in Spectrum Analysis graph, 288 previewing CD tracks , 145 channels in multichanne[...]

regi on s automatically naming, 124 benefits of using, 113 building using current tempo, 123 creating CD tracks fr om, 294 creating from markers, 116 deleting, 125 deleting all, 125 deleting all within a selection, 116, 125 editing default names, 317 extrac ting to new files, 126 inser ting based on marker position, 124 inser ting based on musical [...]

saving all open files, 68 command properties as template , 119 custom t emplates, 68 Cutlist files, 133 files, 66 loop points, 271 metadata with files, 107 Playlist files, 133 project paths in rendered files, 70 projects, 6 9 Regions List to file, 129 sampler configurations, 244 summary information, 107 video files, 278 work spac es, 69 Scott Studi[...]

sliders res ett ing, 49 shor tcuts, 49 using, 49 slipping events, 164 slip-trimming events, 164 Smooth/Enhance process, 40, 192 SMPTE, 253–259 SMPTE 30 button, 38 SMPTE Drop button, 38 SMPTE EBU button, 38 SMPTE F ilm Sync (24 fps) button, 38 SMPTE Non-Drop button, 38 SMPTE timecode, 339 Snap Edge to Grid command, 96 Snap Edge to Zer o command, 9[...]

T T ranspor t menu, 314 T abs for maximized data window s preference, 33, 315 T AO CDs. See track-at-once CD burning techn ical suppo rt, 17 temp o building regions using current tempo, 123 calculating for loops, 271 specifying for ACID loops, 268 threshold rec ording, 139–140 Time butt on, 38 Time Display customizing , 311 window , 24, 311 time [...]

V olume process, 40, 193 volume unit meters. See VU/PPM meters VU/PPM meters, 46–47 W W ave Hammer , 41, 227–229 W eb, publishing files to, 81 window layouts See also work space s adding to View menu , 310 deleting from computer , 310 loading saved layouts, 310 overview , 309 removing from View menu, 310 saving, 309 windows docking, 23 floating[...]