Go to page of
Similar user manuals
-
CRT Television
Sony KD-36NX200E
120 pages 19.95 mb -
CRT Television
Sony KV-14CT1K
128 pages 16.69 mb -
CRT Television
Sony KV-14LT1K
128 pages 9.95 mb -
CRT Television
Sony KD-27FS170, KD-32FS170, KD-36FS170
48 pages 3.25 mb -
CRT Television
Sony 37EX504
122 pages 9.2 mb -
CRT Television
Sony KDL-48R530C
100 pages 7.82 mb -
CRT Television
Sony TRINITRON KV-20S90
94 pages 8.89 mb -
CRT Television
Sony 32EX720
172 pages 2.12 mb
A good user manual
The rules should oblige the seller to give the purchaser an operating instrucion of Sony TRINITRON KV-VF21M40, along with an item. The lack of an instruction or false information given to customer shall constitute grounds to apply for a complaint because of nonconformity of goods with the contract. In accordance with the law, a customer can receive an instruction in non-paper form; lately graphic and electronic forms of the manuals, as well as instructional videos have been majorly used. A necessary precondition for this is the unmistakable, legible character of an instruction.
What is an instruction?
The term originates from the Latin word „instructio”, which means organizing. Therefore, in an instruction of Sony TRINITRON KV-VF21M40 one could find a process description. An instruction's purpose is to teach, to ease the start-up and an item's use or performance of certain activities. An instruction is a compilation of information about an item/a service, it is a clue.
Unfortunately, only a few customers devote their time to read an instruction of Sony TRINITRON KV-VF21M40. A good user manual introduces us to a number of additional functionalities of the purchased item, and also helps us to avoid the formation of most of the defects.
What should a perfect user manual contain?
First and foremost, an user manual of Sony TRINITRON KV-VF21M40 should contain:
- informations concerning technical data of Sony TRINITRON KV-VF21M40
- name of the manufacturer and a year of construction of the Sony TRINITRON KV-VF21M40 item
- rules of operation, control and maintenance of the Sony TRINITRON KV-VF21M40 item
- safety signs and mark certificates which confirm compatibility with appropriate standards
Why don't we read the manuals?
Usually it results from the lack of time and certainty about functionalities of purchased items. Unfortunately, networking and start-up of Sony TRINITRON KV-VF21M40 alone are not enough. An instruction contains a number of clues concerning respective functionalities, safety rules, maintenance methods (what means should be used), eventual defects of Sony TRINITRON KV-VF21M40, and methods of problem resolution. Eventually, when one still can't find the answer to his problems, he will be directed to the Sony service. Lately animated manuals and instructional videos are quite popular among customers. These kinds of user manuals are effective; they assure that a customer will familiarize himself with the whole material, and won't skip complicated, technical information of Sony TRINITRON KV-VF21M40.
Why one should read the manuals?
It is mostly in the manuals where we will find the details concerning construction and possibility of the Sony TRINITRON KV-VF21M40 item, and its use of respective accessory, as well as information concerning all the functions and facilities.
After a successful purchase of an item one should find a moment and get to know with every part of an instruction. Currently the manuals are carefully prearranged and translated, so they could be fully understood by its users. The manuals will serve as an informational aid.
Table of contents for the manual
-
Page 1
SER VICE MANU AL CHASSIS BC-4A MODEL COMMANDER DEST . CHASSIS NO . MODEL COMMANDER DEST . CHASSIS NO . KV -VF21M40 RM-956 E SCC-P10A-A KV -VF21M70 RM-956 ME SCC-P11A-A KV -VF21M70 RM-956 JE SCC-P12A-A KV -VF21M70 RM-956 HK SCC-P09B-A KV -VF21M77 RM-955 HK SCC-P09A-A 21 ∗ Please file according to model size. .... TRINITR ON ® COLOR VIDEO TV COUNT[...]
-
Page 2
– 2 – SPECIFICA TIONS TV Section T elevision system B/G, I, D/K, M Color system P AL/SECAM and NTSC 3.58 /NTSC 4.43 Bilingual system NICAM bilingual I (VF21M77 ONL Y) Channel coverage See “Receivable channels and channel display” Picture tube T rinitron 21 inches (approx. 50.7 cm measur ed diagonally) Antenna in 75-ohm antenna socket for VH[...]
-
Page 3
– 3 – Receivable channels and channel display System Ar ea Channel coverage Channel display B/G, H Middle East/Asia E-2 to E-12 C02 to C12 E-21 to E-69 C21 to C69 Indonesia 1A C01 2 to 1 1 C03 to C12 Mor occo M-4 to M-7 C70 to C73 M-8 to M-10 C08 to C10 CA TV S-01 to S-05 S42 to S46 S-1 to S-41 S01 to S41 I Hong Kong/ B-21 to B-69 C21 to C69 Un[...]
-
Page 4
– 4 – TABLE OF CONTENTS Section Title Page Section Title Page SELF DIA GNOSIS FUNCTION ...................................... 5 [ TV SECTION] 1. GENERAL 1-1. KV -VF21M40/VF21M70 ........................................ 8 1-2. KV -VF21M77 ......................................................... 35 2. DISASSEMBL Y 2-1. Rear Cover Removal .......[...]
-
Page 5
– 5 – 1. OUTLINE • The units in this manual contain a self-diagnostic function. • If an error occurs, the ST ANDBY lamp will automatically begin to flash. The number of times the lamp flashes translates to a probable source of the problem. A definition of the ST ANDBY lamp flash indicators is listed in the instruction manual for the user ?[...]
-
Page 6
– 6 – 4. SELF-DIA GNOSTIC SCREEN DISPLA Y • For errors with symptoms such as “power sometimes shuts off” or “screen sometimes goes out” that cannot be confirmed, it is possible to bring up past occurances of failure for confirmation on the screen: [T o Bring Up Screen T est] • In standby mode, press buttons on the remote commander s[...]
-
Page 7
– 7 – 6. SELF-DIA GNOSTIC CIRCUIT [+Bovercurrent] Owing to current increase voltage of R615 decrease and that it make PM601 pin 8 to become LOW and OFF RY601. [+Bovervoltage] When +B voltage become more than 142.5V , PM601 8 pin become LOW and RY601 OFF . [V erticaldeflectionstopped] Detect V ertical deflection Pulse lost by IC00[...]
-
Page 8
– 8 – SECTION 1 GENERAL The operating instructions mentioned here are partial abstracts from the Operating Instruction Manual. The page numbers of the Operating In- struction Manual remein as in the manual. 1-1. KV -VF21M40/VF21M70 4 Getting Started Getting Started Step 1: Preparation Check the supplied accessories When you have taken everythin[...]
-
Page 9
– 9 – 6 Getting Started Step 3: Connecting the antenna For better TV reception and clear recor dings, connect an outdoor antenna to your video TV . Connecting an outdoor antenna T o connect a VHF antenna or a combination VHF/UHF antenna—75-ohm coaxial cable (round) Attach an IEC antenna connector to the 75-ohm coaxial cable. Plug the connecto[...]
-
Page 10
– 10 – 8 Getting Started Step 4: Selecting the language (continued) 4 Press M or m to select LANGUAGE/ , then press ENTER. The selected item turns red. 5 Press M or m to select , then press ENTER. The menu language changes to Chinese. T o r eturn to the normal screen Press MENU. PLAY ENTER H PLAY ENTER H SELECT SET UP TV SET UP VIDEO SET UP LAN[...]
-
Page 11
– 11 – 10 Getting Started Step 5: Setting the clock (continued) 6 Press M , m or , to set the month, year , hour and minutes in the same way as in step 5 , then press ENTER. The clock starts working. T o r eturn to the normal screen Press MENU. If you have made a mistake while setting the clock Press < to go back to the item to be changed an[...]
-
Page 12
– 12 – 12 Getting Started Step 6: Setting the channels (continued) 5 Press M or m to select AUTO PROGRAM, then press ENTER. Presetting starts from pr ogram position 1. The preset program and channel numbers are displayed on the screen in sequence. When presetting is finished, program position 1 appears again. All available channels are now stor[...]
-
Page 13
– 13 – 14 Basic Operations Basic Operations W atching the TV This section explains various functions used while watching the TV . Most operations can be done using the remote control. 1 Press ? / 1 to turn on the video TV . When the TV is in standby mode (the 1 indicator on the video TV is lit in red), press ? / 1 on the remote control. 2 Press[...]
-
Page 14
– 14 – 16 Basic Operations Playing a tape This section shows you how to play a tape. Other convenient functions you can use while playing a tape are explained in “Additional Operations.” 1 Press ? / 1 to turn on the video TV . When the TV is in standby mode (the 1 indicator on the video TV is lit in red), skip this step. 2 Insert a cassette[...]
-
Page 15
– 15 – 18 Basic Operations Playing a tape (continued) Displaying on-screen information Press to display the following on-screen information. T o show only the amount of remaining tape and the linear tape counter on the screen, press again. T o make the information disappear , press until no information is displayed on the screen. Resetting the [...]
-
Page 16
– 16 – 20 Basic Operations Recording TV programs (continued) 5 Press REC z . The REC indicator lights up and recording begins. Note • Y ou can also select the channel number directly with the number buttons. Press C (once for regular channels, twice for cable channels), the desired number buttons, then ENTER. T o stop recor ding Press STOP x [...]
-
Page 17
– 17 – 22 Basic Operations Recording TV programs (continued) Recording using QUICK-TIMER The Quick-T imer recording function allows you to preset your video TV to record one pr ogram within a 24-hour period. For setting the Quick-T imer , use QUICK TIMER on the video TV . Before you begin • Make sure that the clock is set correctly . If it is[...]
-
Page 18
– 18 – 24 Basic Operations Recording TV programs (continued) The QUICK TIMER button changes the following when turned clockwise or counterclockwise • When setting the start time: The hour increases or decreases by one hour . The minutes increase or decrease by one minute. • The recor ding time period: Increases or decreases by 15 minutes. ?[...]
-
Page 19
– 19 – 26 Basic Operations Recording TV programs (continued) Recording TV programs using the timer Y ou can preset up to five programs within a one-month period. Before you begin • When the TV is in standby mode (the 1 indicator on the video TV is lit in red), press ? / 1 , PROGR +/– or a number button on the remote control. • Make sure t[...]
-
Page 20
– 20 – 28 Basic Operations Recording TV programs (continued) Checking/adding/ changing/canceling the timer settings 1 Press TIMER REC. T o exit the PROGRAM LIST after checking the settings, skip steps 2 and 3 . T o add, change or clear the settings, follow steps 2 through 4 . 2 Press < or , to move the cursor to ADD, CHANGE or CLEAR, then pr[...]
-
Page 21
– 21 – 30 Additional Operations Adjusting the TV (continued) Presetting channels manually Preset the channels manually if you want to select channels that were not set automatically or if you want to allocate program numbers to channels one by one. 1 Press MENU. 2 Press M or m to select , then press ENTER. 3 Make sure TV SET UP is selected, the[...]
-
Page 22
– 22 – 32 Additional Operations Adjusting the TV (continued) Skipping program positions Y ou can skip unused program positions when selecting a program with the PROGR +/– buttons. However , the skipped programs may still be called up when you select them with the number buttons. 1 Press MENU. 2 Press M or m to select , then press ENTER. 3 Mak[...]
-
Page 23
– 23 – 34 Additional Operations Adjusting the TV (continued) Adjusting the color system Normally set the color system to AUTO. However , when the picture has no color , manually select the appropriate color system for your area. 1 Press MENU. 2 Press M or m to select , then press ENTER. 3 Make sure TV SET UP is selected, then press ENTER. 4 Pre[...]
-
Page 24
– 24 – 36 Additional Operations Adjusting the TV (continued) Adjusting the alignment of the picture The picture may be out of alignment due to influence from the earth’s magnetic field in relation to the position of the TV . Y ou can adjust the angle of the picture if it is not aligned to the TV screen. 1 Press MENU. 2 Press M or m to select [...]
-
Page 25
– 25 – 38 Additional Operations T ape options (continued) Adjusting with Adaptive Picture Contr ol (APC) This function allows you to improve playback and recording quality automatically according to the condition of the video tape. This function is set to ON at the factory . T o maintain better picture quality , it is advisable to leave the fun[...]
-
Page 26
– 26 – 40 Additional Operations T ape options (continued) Adjusting the picture for rental tapes If you are not satisfied with the picture quality while playing a tape, even when APC is on, set RENT AL to ON. It is r ecommended to use this function when watching rental tapes. 1 Press MENU. 2 Press M or m to select , then press ENTER. 3 Press M [...]
-
Page 27
– 27 – 42 Additional Operations T ape options (continued) Setting the color system Normally set COL SYS in the menu to AUTO. If streaks appear during playback, set COL SYS to corr espond to the system that the tape was recorded in. 1 Press MENU. 2 Press M or m to select , then press ENTER. 3 Press M or m to select VIDEO SET UP , then press ENTE[...]
-
Page 28
– 28 – 44 Additional Operations Switching on automatically — ON TIMER Y ou can preset your video TV to automatically switch on at a desired time. Y ou can select the TV program, video playback or input source to be switched on. 1 Press MENU. 2 Press M or m to select , then press ENTER. 3 Make sure ON TIMER SET is selected, then press ENTER. 4[...]
-
Page 29
– 29 – 46 Additional Operations Searching using the index function The video TV marks the tape with an index signal at the point where each recording begins. Use these signals as references to find a specific r ecording. This video TV can search up to 99 index signals ahead of or behind the current position. 1 Insert an indexed tape. 2 Press IN[...]
-
Page 30
– 30 – 48 Additional Operations Connecting optional equipment (continued) T o watch the video input signal Press t so that t 1 or t 2 appears on the screen. A/B G-CODE COUNTER RESET t MENU REW EJECT TIMER REC ON/OFF TAPE SPEED INDEX z REC GAME 13 2 X PAUSE x STOP m FF M Z .> PLAY ENTER PIC MODE H 1 t 49 Additional Operations T o connect a vi[...]
-
Page 31
– 31 – 50 Additional Information Additional Information Self-diagnosis function Y our video TV is equipped with a self-diagnosis function. If there is a problem with your video TV , the 1 indicator flashes in red. The number of times the indicator flashes indicates the possible causes. 1 Check that the 1 indicator flashes red once or more in in[...]
-
Page 32
– 32 – 52 Additional Information T roubleshooting (continued) Good picture/Abnormal sound Symptom Possible cause Solutions The TV system setting is inappropriate. • If the sound of all the channels is abnormal, display the TV SET UP menu and select the appropriate TV system (TV SYS), then preset the channels again. (pages 11 and 12) • If th[...]
-
Page 33
– 33 – 54 Additional Information Symptom Possible cause Solutions The TIMER REC indicator does not light up even though you press ON/OFF. No cassette has been inserted. The tape is at its end. No setting is made for timer recording. Insert a cassette with its safety tab intact. Rewind the tape. Set the program for timer recording. (pages 26 thr[...]
-
Page 34
– 34 – 56 Additional Information qf 1 (standby) indicator (14) qg Remote control sensor qh TIMER REC (recording) indicator (27) qj REC (recording) indicator (20) qk ? / 1 (power/standby) switch (14) PLAY FF PAUSE REC X M H PUSH t GAME 2 PROGR QUICK TIMER TIMER REC REC q 78 qs qd qf qg qh qj qk 9 q; qa Identifying parts and controls (continued) [...]
-
Page 35
– 35 – 1-2. KV -VF21M77 4 Getting Started Getting Started Step 1: Preparation Check the supplied accessories When you have taken everything out of the carton, check that you have these items: • Remote control • T wo R6 (size AA) batteries • Stabilizer band • T wo clamps • T wo wood screws • These operating instructions Insert the ba[...]
-
Page 36
– 36 – 6 Getting Started Step 3: Connecting the antenna For better TV reception and clear recor dings, connect an outdoor antenna to your video TV . Connecting an outdoor antenna T o connect a VHF antenna or a combination VHF/UHF antenna—75-ohm coaxial cable (round) Attach an IEC antenna connector to the 75-ohm coaxial cable. Plug the connect[...]
-
Page 37
– 37 – 8 Getting Started Step 4: Selecting the language (continued) 4 Press M or m to select LANGUAGE/ , then press ENTER. The selected item turns red. 5 Press M or m to select , then press ENTER. The menu language changes to Chinese. T o r eturn to the normal screen Press MENU. PLAY ENTER H PLAY ENTER H SELECT SET UP TV SET UP VIDEO SET UP LAN[...]
-
Page 38
– 38 – 10 Getting Started Step 5: Setting the clock (continued) 6 Press M , m or , to set the month, year , hour and minutes in the same way as in step 5 , then press ENTER. The clock starts working. T o r eturn to the normal screen Press MENU. If you have made a mistake while setting the clock Press < to go back to the item to be changed an[...]
-
Page 39
– 39 – 12 Getting Started Step 6: Setting the channels (continued) 5 Press M or m to select AUTO PROGRAM, then press ENTER. Presetting starts from pr ogram position 1. The preset program and channel numbers are displayed on the screen in sequence. When presetting is finished, program position 1 appears again. All available channels are now stor[...]
-
Page 40
– 40 – 14 Basic Operations Basic Operations W atching the TV This section explains various functions used while watching the TV . Most operations can be done using the remote control. 1 Press ? / 1 to turn on the video TV . When the TV is in standby mode (the 1 indicator on the video TV is lit in red), press ? / 1 on the remote control. 2 Press[...]
-
Page 41
– 41 – 16 Basic Operations Playing a tape This section shows you how to play a tape. Other convenient functions you can use while playing a tape are explained in “Additional Operations.” 1 Press ? / 1 to turn on the video TV . When the TV is in standby mode (the 1 indicator on the video TV is lit in red), skip this step. 2 Insert a cassette[...]
-
Page 42
– 42 – 18 Basic Operations Playing a tape (continued) Displaying on-screen information Press to display the following on-screen information. T o show only the amount of remaining tape and the linear tape counter on the screen, press again. T o make the information disappear , press until no information is displayed on the screen. Resetting the [...]
-
Page 43
– 43 – 20 Basic Operations Recording TV programs (continued) 5 Press REC z . The REC indicator lights up and recording begins. Note • Y ou can also select the channel number directly with the number buttons. Press C (once for regular channels, twice for cable channels), the desired number buttons, then ENTER. T o stop recor ding Press STOP x [...]
-
Page 44
– 44 – 22 Basic Operations Recording TV programs (continued) Recording using QUICK-TIMER The Quick-T imer recording function allows you to preset your video TV to record one pr ogram within a 24-hour period. For setting the Quick-T imer , use QUICK TIMER on the video TV . Before you begin • Make sure that the clock is set correctly . If it is[...]
-
Page 45
– 45 – 24 Basic Operations Recording TV programs (continued) The QUICK TIMER button changes the following when turned clockwise or counterclockwise • When setting the start time: The hour increases or decreases by one hour . The minutes increase or decrease by one minute. • The recor ding time period: Increases or decreases by 15 minutes. ?[...]
-
Page 46
– 46 – 26 Basic Operations Recording TV programs (continued) Recording TV pr ograms using the G-CODE system The G-CODE system allows you to simplify the task of program- ming your video TV to make recordings with the timer . Whenever you want to record a TV program, all you need to do is look up the program’s G-CODE number , a number assigned[...]
-
Page 47
– 47 – 28 Basic Operations Recording TV programs (continued) Recording TV programs using the G-CODE system Before you begin • When the TV is in standby mode (the 1 indicator on the video TV is lit in red), press ? / 1 , PROGR +/– or a number button on the remote control. • Make sure that the clock is set correctly . If it is not, see “S[...]
-
Page 48
– 48 – 30 Basic Operations Recording TV programs (continued) Recording TV programs using the timer Y ou can preset up to five programs within a one-month period using both the G-CODE setting and the timer setting. Before you begin • When the TV is in standby mode (the 1 indicator on the video TV is lit in red), press ? / 1 , PROGR +/– or a [...]
-
Page 49
– 49 – 32 Basic Operations Recording TV programs (continued) Checking/adding/ changing/canceling the timer or G-CODE settings 1 Press TIMER REC. T o exit the PROGRAM LIST after checking the settings, skip steps 2 and 3 . T o add, change or clear the settings, follow steps 2 through 4 . 2 Press < or , to move the cursor to ADD, CHANGE or CLEA[...]
-
Page 50
– 50 – 34 Additional Operations Adjusting the TV (continued) Presetting channels manually Preset the channels manually if you want to select channels that were not set automatically or if you want to allocate program numbers to channels one by one. 1 Press MENU. 2 Press M or m to select , then press ENTER. 3 Make sure TV SET UP is selected, the[...]
-
Page 51
– 51 – 36 Additional Operations Adjusting the TV (continued) Skipping program positions Y ou can skip unused program positions when selecting a program with the PROGR +/– buttons. However , the skipped programs may still be called up when you select them with the number buttons. 1 Press MENU. 2 Press M or m to select , then press ENTER. 3 Mak[...]
-
Page 52
– 52 – 38 Additional Operations Adjusting the TV (continued) Adjusting the color system Normally set the color system to AUTO. However , when the picture has no color , manually select the appropriate color system for your area. 1 Press MENU. 2 Press M or m to select , then press ENTER. 3 Make sure TV SET UP is selected, then press ENTER. 4 Pre[...]
-
Page 53
– 53 – 40 Additional Operations Adjusting the TV (continued) Adjusting the alignment of the picture The picture may be out of alignment due to influence from the earth’s magnetic field in relation to the position of the TV . Y ou can adjust the angle of the picture if it is not aligned to the TV screen. 1 Press MENU. 2 Press M or m to select [...]
-
Page 54
– 54 – 42 Additional Operations T ape options (continued) Adjusting with Adaptive Picture Contr ol (APC) This function allows you to improve playback and recording quality automatically according to the condition of the video tape. This function is set to ON at the factory . T o maintain better picture quality , it is advisable to leave the fun[...]
-
Page 55
– 55 – 44 Additional Operations T ape options (continued) Adjusting the picture for rental tapes If you are not satisfied with the picture quality while playing a tape, even when APC is on, set RENT AL to ON. It is r ecommended to use this function when watching rental tapes. 1 Press MENU. 2 Press M or m to select , then press ENTER. 3 Press M [...]
-
Page 56
– 56 – 46 Additional Operations T ape options (continued) Setting the color system Normally set COL SYS in the menu to AUTO. If streaks appear during playback, set COL SYS to corr espond to the system that the tape was recorded in. 1 Press MENU. 2 Press M or m to select , then press ENTER. 3 Press M or m to select VIDEO SET UP , then press ENTE[...]
-
Page 57
– 57 – 48 Additional Operations Switching off automatically —SLEEP Y ou can automatically switch the video TV into standby mode after a selected time period. Press . W ith each press, the time period (in minutes) changes as illustrated. One minute before the TV switches into standby mode, the message “SLEEP TIMER: 1M” is displayed on the [...]
-
Page 58
– 58 – 50 Additional Operations Switching on automatically - ON TIMER (continued) 9 Press M or m to set the source to be switched on, then press ENTER. The SOURCE changes as follows. TV PROG t VCR N (video playback) R If you select TV PROG, press M or m to change the channel numbers. Then press ENTER again. 10 Press M or m to select ON TIMER, t[...]
-
Page 59
– 59 – 52 Additional Operations Connecting optional equipment W atching and recor ding the picture input fr om optional equipment T o connect a video camera T o connect a VCR to video output to audio output VMC-710M/720M (not supplied) t 2/GAME IN t 2/GAME IN 9 to video output to audio output t 1/ t 1/ 9 53 Additional Operations T o watch the v[...]
-
Page 60
– 60 – 54 Additional Operations Connecting optional equipment (continued) T o connect a video game T o display the video game scr een Press GAME when the video TV is in standby mode. T o switch to a TV program Press the number button on the remote contr ol, PROGR +/– or t on the video TV or remote control. T o switch to the VCR Press the PLA [...]
-
Page 61
– 61 – 56 Additional Information T roubleshooting If you have any problems while viewing your video TV , please check the following troubleshooting guide. If the problem persists, contact your Sony dealer . Symptom Possible cause Solutions TV section No picture/No sound The power cord or antenna is not connected. The video TV is not turned on. [...]
-
Page 62
– 62 – 58 Additional Information T roubleshooting (continued) Symptom Possible cause Solutions Playback section Power is on, but the tape does not run. The safety device has been activated. Switch off, disconnect the AC power cord, and leave the set for about one minute. Poor playback picture The color system setting is inappropriate. The track[...]
-
Page 63
– 63 – 60 Additional Information Identifying parts and controls Refer to the pages indicated in parentheses ( ) for details. Front panel 1 i (headphones) jack 2 t 2/GAME IN jacks ( (video)/ 9 (audio)) (52, 53) 3 TUNER PRESET ON/OFF button (12, 13) –PLAY– REW FF PAUSE REC STOP X x mM H EJECT Z 1 4 2 3 5 6 4 T ape transport buttons STOP x but[...]
-
Page 64
– 64 – 62 Additional Information Identifying parts and controls (continued) Remote control 1 % (muting) button (15) 2 EJECT Z button (17) 3 t (input select) button (53) 4 2 (volume) +/– buttons (15) 5 (display) button (16, 18) 6 ? / 1 (power/standby) button (14) 7 PIC MODE (picture mode) button (15) 8 Menu operation buttons (26) MENU button V[...]
-
Page 65
– 65 – SECTION 2 DISASSEMBL Y 2-1. REAR CO VER REMOV AL 2-2. CHASSIS ASSY REMO V AL 2-3. SERVICE POSITION (A BO ARD) 2-4. A BO ARD REMO V AL 2 Rear cover 1 Eight screws (+BVTP 4 X 16) Cassette door 2 Chassis assy 1 Two screws (+BVTP 4 X 16) Note: Notice for Installing chassis assmbly Install chassis assembly when keep the cassette door open sta[...]
-
Page 66
– 66 – 2-5. HARNESS LOCA TION CV board VM coil A board Power cord Demagnetic coil DGC holder Deflection yoke Anode cap DGC holder FBT CN803 CN801 CN604 CN306 CN305 CN304 CN605 CN301 CN303 CN601 CN302 CN251 CN002 CN703 CN701 CN702 CN503 CN961 CN962 CN551 CN704 CN902 CN901 CN903 CN001 CN1003 CV board MA10 board CN603 CN602 NA rotation coil Tuner [...]
-
Page 67
– 67 – • Remov al of anode-cap NOTE : Short circuit the anode of the picture tube and the anode cap to the metal chassis, CRT shield or car- bon paint on the CRT , after removing the anode. a a • removing pr ocedures b b c 2 Using a thumb pull up the rubber cap firmly in the direction indicated by the arrow b . 2-6. PICTURE TUBE REMO V AL 3[...]
-
Page 68
– 68 – SECTION 3 SET -UP ADJUSTMENTS • The following adjustments should be made when a complete realignment is required or a new picture tube is installed. • These adjustments should be performed with the rated power supply voltage, unless otherwise noted. The PICTURE and Brightness controls should be set as follows unless otherwise noted: [...]
-
Page 69
– 69 – 3-2. CONVERGENCE (1) Horizontal and V er tical Static Conver g ence 1. Receive DOT HA TCH signal adjust [BR T], [PIX] to looks easily . 2. Set V . ST A T Mg, BMC Mg to standard condition. 3. Correct V . ST A T Mg. (Correct vertical lag of R, B-DOT around the center of CR T .) (Fig.3-5) 4. Adjust BMC Mg. (Make evenly horizontal lag of R, [...]
-
Page 70
– 70 – • Adjust TLH. (TLH CORRECTION PIECE : 4-057-714-01) Correct horizontal mis-convergence of X axis' right and left red and blue. When red is outside and view from DY neck side, insert TLH correction piece to rightside (TLH+) and when blue is outside and also view from DY neck side, insert TLH correction piece to left (TLH-). • Adj[...]
-
Page 71
– 71 – 3-6. PICTURE DIST ORTION ADJUSTMENT • When performing these adjustment, do receive monoscope signal. VP1 (VPOS) White Green Magenta Red Blue Black Cyan Y ellow Fig.3-10 VP2 (VSIZ) VP3 (SCOR) VP4 (VLIN) VP5 (HPOS) VP6 (HSIZ) VP7 (AFBW) VP8 (AF AG) VP9 (TRAP) VP11 (UCPN) VP12 (LCPN) VP10 (P AMP) 3-5. WHITE BALANCE ADJUSTMENT 1. Receive c[...]
-
Page 72
– 72 – CONFIRMA TION OF HOLD-DO WN When the parts with a , mark on the circuit diagram shown below are replaced, confirm the matters described in items 1. and 2. shown below . : PM601, R614, C614, IC607, R638 1. CONFIRMA TION OF +B LINE (A BO ARD) 1) Input 1 10 V A C. 2) Receive DOT HA TCH signal and adjust PIX, BR T to mini- mum. 3) Connect th[...]
-
Page 73
– 73 – SECTION 5 CIRCUIT ADJUSTMENT 5-1. ADJUSTMENTS WITH COMMANDER 1. ENTERING SERVICE MODE 1) T urn on the main power of the set and enter into stand-by mode. 2) Press the following sequence of buttons on the Remote Control Commander . ON SCREEN DISPLA Y POWER “ ON ” (REMO TE CONTROL POWER “ ON ” ) V OLUME (+) CH “ 5 ” 6. WRITING [...]
-
Page 74
– 74 – • SER VICE MODE DISPLA Y No . D ATA VP 00 001 G SER VICE ITEM AFMD Entering the service mode When exchange the MEMOR Y IC002 (MA10 board) P erform “ standard value ” writing A board YCJ adjustment Deflection circuit adjustment Micro computer adjustment Write to the MEMOR Y Release the service mode. When exchange the board A board d[...]
-
Page 75
– 75 – 5-3. SER VICE D A T A No. DISP DA T A ST ANDARD ITEM DEVICE RANGE DA T A VP0 AFC 00-03 00 AFC LOOP GAIN SWITCHING CXA2130S VP1 VPOS 00-3F 21 V POSITION (Y/C/J) VP2 VSIZ 00-3F 21 V SIZE VP3 SCOR 00-0F 07 S CORRECTION VP4 VLIN 00-0F 07 V LINIARITY VP5 HPOS 00-3F 1E HORIZONT AL POSITION VP6 HSIZ 00-3F 21 H SIZE VP7 AFBW 00-0F 07 AFC BOW VP8[...]
-
Page 76
– 76 – No. DISP DA T A ST ANDARD ITEM DEVICE RANGE DA T A MS0 NDL 00-FF 52 NICAM SEARTH DELA Y MS1 AGC 00-01 01 AGC SWITCH MS2 REL 00-3F 28 AGC GAIN MS3 CRM 00-01 00 CARRIER MUTING MS4 ACO 00-01 01 AUDIO CLOCK OUT MS5 FP 00-7F 1B MS6 FPM 00-7F 32 MS7 FH 00-7F 2D MS8 FHM 00-7F 65 MS9 NIP 00-7F 6D NICAM PRESCALE MS10 ERR 00-FF 50 AUTO-FM SWITCH T[...]
-
Page 77
– 77 – 5-4. A BO ARD ADJUSTMENT 1. H OSC ADJUSTMENT 1) Input select should be selected LINE input (no signal). 2) Connect a frequency counter to TP801 (A board). 3) Adjust service data "VP42" (HOSC) to become 15.690kHz ± 25Hz. 2. PICTURE QU ALITY ADJUSTMENT 2-1. SUB HUE, SUB COLOR adjustment. (For RF input) 1) Receive RF NTSC COLOR B[...]
-
Page 78
– 78 – MEMO[...]
-
Page 79
– 79 – – 80 – – 81 – – 82 – SECTION 6 DIAGRAMS 6-1. BLOCK DIAGRAMS TV BLOCK VIDEO TU101 21 20 19 18 17 16 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 NICAM CN301 PLL SW RESET Q AFT 0(TV) OSD R OSD G OSD B OVP YM/YS DGC SW SDA 1 SCL 1 B INT NS V PLS H PLS CRT PWR VCR PWR VM SW RELAY IN RELAY OUT TV V CN303 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 TV Y [...]
-
Page 80
– 83 – – 84 – – 85 – – 86 – 6-2. CIRCUIT BOARDS LOCATION Note: The components identified by shading and mark B are critical for safety. Replace only with part nummber specified. 6-3. PRINTED WIRING BOARDS AND SCHEMATIC DIAGRAMS Note: • All capacitors are in µ F unless otherwise noted. pF: µµ F Capacitors without voltage indicat[...]
-
Page 81
– 87 – – 88 – – 89 – – 90 – 22 A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 14.0 13.0 2.8 4.4 3.8 4.6 5.2 5V 9V 1.3 0.1 1.3 5.7 5.1 1 33.8 0 1.7 0.5 0.8 157.0 1.7 0 4.8 4.8 7V 12V 0.1 14.8 15V 1.7 0 159.0 0.7 0.7 1.3 6.5 13.0 13.0 0.2 0.8 4.8 12.0 1.3 3.2 2.0 2.0 2.9 5.5 13 12 136.6 -1.2 4.4 [...]
-
Page 82
– 91 – – 92 – – 93 – – 94 – A B C D E F G H I J K 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1 01 11 21 31 41 51 61 71 8 7 6.9 6.9 6.9 0 6.8 6.8 6.8 6.9 0 0 4.1 0.5 0 0 0.6 12V 9V +B 133.8 67.1 134.3 67.0 0.4 0.9 2.1 1.8 2.4 2.4 1.8 2.1 2.3 5.4 6.1 5.7 3.6 3.4 2.3 140.8 139.5 1 2 3 9V 3.6 3.4 3.6 3.4 2.4 148.5 149.0 150.3 6 5 4 8 140.1 139.0 2.3 139.7 200V [...]
-
Page 83
– 95 – TABLE OF CONTENTS Section Title Page Section Title Page [ VIDEO SECTION] 1. GENERAL 1-1. INTERNAL VIEWS ............................................... 96 2. DISASSEMBL Y 2-1. T op Cover Removal ................................................. 97 2-2. VCR Block Assy Removal ...................................... 97 2-3. FF10 Board Remov[...]
-
Page 84
– 96 – SECTION 1 GENERAL 1-1. INTERNAL VIEWS - T op Side - - Bottom Side - Drum assembly DZH-89A-R 1-759-453-1 1 ACE block assembly A-6759-620-A Reel table (T) 3-977-508-01 Pinch press block assmbly A-6759-615-A FL complete assembly A-6759-619-B Reel table (S) 3-977-507-01 FE head 1-500-144-1 1 M902 Capstan motor 1-698-971-1 1 T iming belt 3-97[...]
-
Page 85
– 97 – SECTION 2 DISASSEMBL Y 2-1. TOP CO VER REMO V AL 2-2. VCR BLOCK ASSY REMO V AL 2-5. SERVICE POSITION (MA10 BO ARD) 2 Top cover 1 Four screws (+BVTP 3 X 12) 4 VCR BLOCK assembly RP earth plate 1 CN701 3 Six screws (+BVTP 3 X 12) 2 Two screws (+BVTP 3 X 12) 2-3. FF10 BO ARD REMO V AL 2-4. MA10 BO ARD REMO V AL 3 H holder 2 Four craws 4 FF1[...]
-
Page 86
– 98 – SECTION 3 CIRCUIT ADJUSTMENTS Necessary items and indications for total adjustment of electric circuit of this unit will be described in this chapter . [ INSTRUMENTS T O BE USED ] 1) Color TV 2) Signal or dual trace type oscilloscope, band more than 30 MHz, delay , as provided. 3) Frequency counter (4 digits or more) 4) P AL pattern gene[...]
-
Page 87
– 99 – X’tal OSC CHECK Mode PB Signal Alignment tape, Stair step Measurement Point MA10 board Q823 emitter(NTSC) IC802 %ª pin(P AL) Measurement Equipment Oscilloscope Specified V alue 500 ± 200mVp-p Check: 1 ) Confirm the frequency is 3.579545MHz ± 82Hz(NTSC), and 4.433619MHz ± 100Hz(P AL). 2)Confirm the waveform amplitude is 500 ± 200mV[...]
-
Page 88
– 100 – REC Y LEVEL CHECK Mode E-E(SP) Signal No signal Measurement Point MA10 board IC802 !• pin Measurement Equipment Oscilloscope Specified V alue 240 ± 70mVp-p(NTSC) 260 ± 70mVp-p(P AL) Check: Confirm the Vp-p of the waveform is 220 ± 70mVp-p. Fig.3-7 REC CHR OMA CHECK 240 ± 70mVp-p (NTSC) 260 ± 70mVp-p (P AL) Mode REC(SP) Signal Col[...]
-
Page 89
– 101 – SECTION 4 INTERF A CE, IC PIN FUNCTION DESCRIPTION Pin No. Signal I/O Function 1 S SEL F I S-INPUT SELECT (FRONT) 2 S SEL R I S-INPUT SELECT (REAR) 3 ST I TU STEREO MODE 4 BIL I TU BILINGUAL MODE 5 DGC SW – DGC ON/OFF CONTROL 6 ST/ MONO I SET MODE STEREO/MONO 7– – 8 MAIN /SUB O TU MAIN/SUB CONTROL 9 F MONO O TU FOCE MONO CONTROL 1[...]
-
Page 90
– 102 – 4-2. SYSTEM CONTR OL-VIDEO BLOCK INTERF ACE (MA10 BO ARD IC402) TAPE TAPE PB · PICTURE SEARCH REC · Signal Pin No. I/O STOP FF REW THREADING UNTHREADING PB PAUSE SLOW X2 CUE REVIEW REC PAUSE REC CTL IC402 7 O HI-Z HI-Z HI-Z HI-Z HI-Z HI-Z HI-Z HI-Z HI-Z HI-Z HI-Z *1 HI-Z O HI-Z HI-Z HI-Z HI-Z HI-Z HI-Z HI-Z HI-Z HI-Z HI-Z CAP STOP IC4[...]
-
Page 91
– 103 – CAM UN LOAD IC402 9 O HI-Z H L H L *7 *7 *7 *7 *7 *7 *7 *7 *7 *7 *7 CAM LOAD IC402 8 O LLL LLLLLL LL LLLLL MODE 1 IC402 @™ I H L L* 1 * 1 HHHHHHHH L HH MODE 2 IC402 @¡ I H LL * 1 * 1 H H H LLLLLL LL MODE 3 IC402 @º I LL L * 1 * 1 HLLLLLLL HLL MODE 4 IC402 !ª I L H H * 1 * 1 LH H LLLLL LLL C IN REC PRF IC402 !¶ I L *2 *2 *2 *2 *2 *[...]
-
Page 92
– 104 – 4-7. SER V O/SYSTEM CONTROL PORT FUNCTION DESCRIPTION (MA10 BO ARD IC402) Pin No. Signal I/O Function 1 RF SWP O RF SWITCHING PULSE 2– – 3– – 4 QVD O QUASI VD 5 CTLHYS HIGH O CTL CONTROL 6– – 7 REC CTL O REC CTL SIGNAL 8 CAM LOAD O CAM LOADING 9 CAM UNLOAD O CAM UNLOADING 10 CTL RESET O CTL CONTROL 11 – – 12 – – 13 ?[...]
-
Page 93
– 105 – – 106 – – 107 – SECTION 5 DIAGRAMS 5-1. BLOCK DIAGRAMS VIDEO BLOCK SWP J101 V L CN002 TU AL(REC) 1 TU V(REC) 2 RE LINE L 3 RE LINE Y 4 NC 5 RE LINE C 6 TU AL(TV) 7 TU V(TV) 8 NC 9 TV C 10 GND(A) 11 TV Y 12 TV V 13 SP L OUT CN251 J1102 HEADPHONE 1 GND(SP) 2 GND(SP) 3 FROM IC001 $ $¶, , $ª 1 FACT MODE 2 V OUT 3 AL OUT 4 [...]
-
Page 94
– 108 – – 109 – – 110 – 5-3. PRINTED WIRING BOARDS AND SCHEMATIC DIAGRAMS Note: • All capacitors are in µ F unless otherwise noted. pF: µµ F Capacitors without voltage indication are all 50V. • All resistors are in ohms. k Ω = 1000 Ω , M Ω = 1000k Ω • Indication of resistance, which does not have one for rating electric[...]
-
Page 95
– 111 – – 112 – – 113 – – 114 – 22 23 A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1 01 11 21 31 41 51 61 71 81 92 02 1 SW5V 4.9 <1.3> 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 MTR12V 2.5 2.5 0.3 4.8 6.3 0.3 4.5 2.6 2.0 D5V 5.0 5.0 0.4 4.9 2.5 2.2 5.0 5.0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4.7 4.7 4.7 4.7 D5V 0.8 4.1 -0.2 4.5 0 0 4V 4.7 4.7 4.1 0 0.7 3.9 4.5 4.5 4.7[...]
-
Page 96
– 115 – – 116 – – 117 – – 118 – Schematic diagrams MA10(2/3) boards , , , , , Schematic diagram < < < < < MA10(1/3) board 3 1 1 4 MA10(2/3) BOARD WA VEFORMS 5 2 7 66 7 7 9 9 9 10 11 9 13 12 12 12 0.4Vp-p (H) 0.4Vp-p (H) 0.32Vp-p (H) 0.32Vp-p (H) 0.5Vp-p (H) 1.2Vp-p(H) 1.2Vp-p (H) 1.8Vp-p (V) 3.8Vp-p (H) 2.4Vp-p (H) 2.[...]
-
Page 97
– 1 19– – 120 – A B C D E F 123456789 1 0 1 1 1 2 0.6 0 0.6 0 2.1 <2.1> (4.5) (3.8) <0> (3.8) <0> (0) <0.6> (1.8) (3.8) <0> (0.1) <0.6> <2.2> 0.3 3.1 3.2 <2.2> (1.9) (0.3) (1.2) <2.9> 3.6 1 SW5V <2.2> (1.2) <2.9> (0.6) (3.6) <4.8> VOLTAGE no mark:REC/PB ( ) :REC < &g[...]
-
Page 98
– 121– 5-4.SEMICONDUCTORS 8pin SOP 16pin SOP IC 1 TOP VIEW 1 TOP VIEW 48pin DIP 19 1 20 32 33 51 52 64 TOP VIEW 1 TOP VIEW 30pin DIP TOP VIEW 24 1 25 40 41 64 65 80 BA10393F-E2 BA6305F-E2 BA7755AF-E2 M24C16-MN6T NJM062M CXA2089Q CXA2130S CXP85460 CXP87852 GP3S120 HA118295NT LA71504M-MPB LA7840L LB1643 LC89978M-TE-L MARKING SIDE VIEW 1 7pin SIP [...]
-
Page 99
DIODE TRANSISTOR RPT -37PBT32 RPT -37PB3F UN21 13 UN221 1 UN2213 2SA1 162-G 2SB709A-QRS-TX 2SC1623-L5L6 2SC2412K-T -146-QR 2SD601A-Q 2SD601A-QRS-TX 2SA1 175-HFE 2SA1309A-QRST A 2SC2785-HFE 2SC331 1A-QRST A E C 2SC1815-GR 2SD879 2SA1837 2SC4793 E B C E LETTER SIDE C B B C E 2SK1482-T 2SK2251-01 2SK2845-LB102 D1NL20U E C B D1NS4 D1N20R MTZJ-T -77-3.9[...]
-
Page 100
– 124 – NOTE: • Items with no part number and no description are not stocked because they are seldom required for routine service. • The construction parts of an assembled part are indicated with a collation number in the remark column. • Items marked " * " are not stocked since they are seldom required for routine service. Some[...]
-
Page 101
– 125 – REF. NO. PART NO. DESCRIPTION REMARK ------------ ------------- ------------------- ------------- REF. NO. PART NO. DESCRIPTION REMARK ------------ ------------- ------------------- ------------- The components identified by shading and mark ! are criti- cal for safety. Replace only with part number specified. 6-2. CHASSIS : 7-685-648-7[...]
-
Page 102
– 126 – 6-3. MECHANISM DECK ASSEMBLY (1) : 7-685-646-79 +BVTP 3X8 REF. NO. PART NO. DESCRIPTION REMARK ------------ ------------- ------------------- ------------- REF. NO. PART NO. DESCRIPTION REMARK ------------ ------------- ------------------- ------------- 201 3-977-509-01 WASHER, THRUST 202 3-977-507-01 TABLE, REEL (S) 203 3-977-508-01 TA[...]
-
Page 103
– 127 – 6-4. MECHANISM DECK ASSEMBLY (2) : 7-685-646-79 +BVTP 3X8 : 7-682-547-04 +P 3X6 REF. NO. PART NO. DESCRIPTION REMARK ------------ ------------- ------------------- ------------- REF. NO. PART NO. DESCRIPTION REMARK ------------ ------------- ------------------- ------------- 251 X-3947-581-4 BRAKE ASSY,MAIN(T) 252 3-977-462-01 SPRING,EX[...]
-
Page 104
– 128 – 6-5. MECHANISM DECK ASSEMBLY (3) : 7-685-646-79 +BVTP 3X8 : 7-685-133-19 +BVTP 2.6 REF. NO. PART NO. DESCRIPTION REMARK ------------ ------------- ------------------- ------------- REF. NO. PART NO. DESCRIPTION REMARK ------------ ------------- ------------------- ------------- 301 3-977-437-01 RETAINER,CAM MOTOR 302 X-3947-584-1 ASSY, [...]
-
Page 105
REF. NO. PART NO. DESCRIPTION REMARK ------------ ------------- ------------------- ------------- REF. NO. PART NO. DESCRIPTION REMARK ------------ ------------- ------------------- ------------- The components identified by shading and mark ! are criti- cal for safety. Replace only with part number specified. – 129 – --------------------------[...]
-
Page 106
REF. NO. PART NO. DESCRIPTION REMARK ------------ ------------- ------------------- ------------- REF. NO. PART NO. DESCRIPTION REMARK ------------ ------------- ------------------- ------------- The components identified by shading and mark ! are criti- cal for safety. Replace only with part number specified. – 130 – --------------------------[...]
-
Page 107
REF. NO. PART NO. DESCRIPTION REMARK ------------ ------------- ------------------- ------------- REF. NO. PART NO. DESCRIPTION REMARK ------------ ------------- ------------------- ------------- The components identified by shading and mark ! are criti- cal for safety. Replace only with part number specified. – 131 – --------------------------[...]
-
Page 108
REF. NO. PART NO. DESCRIPTION REMARK ------------ ------------- ------------------- ------------- REF. NO. PART NO. DESCRIPTION REMARK ------------ ------------- ------------------- ------------- The components identified by shading and mark ! are criti- cal for safety. Replace only with part number specified. – 132 – --------------------------[...]
-
Page 109
REF. NO. PART NO. DESCRIPTION REMARK ------------ ------------- ------------------- ------------- REF. NO. PART NO. DESCRIPTION REMARK ------------ ------------- ------------------- ------------- The components identified by shading and mark ! are criti- cal for safety. Replace only with part number specified. – 133 – --------------------------[...]
-
Page 110
REF. NO. PART NO. DESCRIPTION REMARK ------------ ------------- ------------------- ------------- REF. NO. PART NO. DESCRIPTION REMARK ------------ ------------- ------------------- ------------- The components identified by shading and mark ! are criti- cal for safety. Replace only with part number specified. – 134 – --------------------------[...]
-
Page 111
REF. NO. PART NO. DESCRIPTION REMARK ------------ ------------- ------------------- ------------- REF. NO. PART NO. DESCRIPTION REMARK ------------ ------------- ------------------- ------------- The components identified by shading and mark ! are criti- cal for safety. Replace only with part number specified. – 135 – --------------------------[...]
-
Page 112
REF. NO. PART NO. DESCRIPTION REMARK ------------ ------------- ------------------- ------------- REF. NO. PART NO. DESCRIPTION REMARK ------------ ------------- ------------------- ------------- The components identified by shading and mark ! are criti- cal for safety. Replace only with part number specified. – 136 – --------------------------[...]
-
Page 113
REF. NO. PART NO. DESCRIPTION REMARK ------------ ------------- ------------------- ------------- REF. NO. PART NO. DESCRIPTION REMARK ------------ ------------- ------------------- ------------- The components identified by shading and mark ! are criti- cal for safety. Replace only with part number specified. – 137 – --------------------------[...]
-
Page 114
REF. NO. PART NO. DESCRIPTION REMARK ------------ ------------- ------------------- ------------- REF. NO. PART NO. DESCRIPTION REMARK ------------ ------------- ------------------- ------------- The components identified by shading and mark ! are criti- cal for safety. Replace only with part number specified. – 138 – --------------------------[...]
-
Page 115
REF. NO. PART NO. DESCRIPTION REMARK ------------ ------------- ------------------- ------------- REF. NO. PART NO. DESCRIPTION REMARK ------------ ------------- ------------------- ------------- The components identified by shading and mark ! are criti- cal for safety. Replace only with part number specified. – 139 – --------------------------[...]
-
Page 116
REF. NO. PART NO. DESCRIPTION REMARK ------------ ------------- ------------------- ------------- REF. NO. PART NO. DESCRIPTION REMARK ------------ ------------- ------------------- ------------- The components identified by shading and mark ! are criti- cal for safety. Replace only with part number specified. – 140 – --------------------------[...]