3Com 9100 manual

® http://www.3com.com/ Super Stack ® II Switch 9 100 User Guide Part No. DUA 1770-5 AAA01 Publ ished Ja nuary 2 000[...]

3Com Cor poratio n 5400 Bayfr ont Plaza Santa Cl ara, Calif or nia 95052- 8145 Copyri ght © 1 999, 3Co m T echnol ogies . A ll ri ghts reserved . No part o f this do cumentat ion ma y be reproduced in any for m or by a ny mea ns or us ed to mak e any d erivative wor k (such as translation , transfor mation, o r adapta tion) withou t wr itten permi[...]

C ONT ENTS A BOUT T HIS G UID E T erminolo gy 11 Conventions 12 Related Doc umentation 13 Y ear 2000 Compliance 13 Product Regi s trati on 1 3 1 S WITCH 9100 O VERVIEW About the Switch 9 100 15 Summary of Featur es 15 Port Connections 16 Full-duplex 17 Load Sharin g 17 Switch Ope ration 17 Vir tua l LANs (VLA Ns) 1 7 Spanning T r ee Protocol (STP) [...]

2 I NSTALLATIO N AND S ETU P Determining the Switch 910 0 Location 25 Configuration Rules for Ether net 26 Installing the Switch 9100 26 Rack Mounting 2 6 Fr ee-St anding 27 St acking the Switch and Other De vice s 28 Connectin g Equipment to the Console Port 28 Powering-up the Switch 3 0 Checki ng the I nstall ation 30 Power On Self-T est (POST) 3[...]

Connecting to Another Host Using T elnet 46 Confi guri ng Sw itc h IP Parameters 46 Usin g a BOOTP Se rver 4 6 Manually C onfiguring the IP Settings 47 Disco n nect in g a T eln et Sess ion 49 Disa blin g T elne t A cce ss 49 IP H os t C onf igu rat ion C om mand s 50 Using the Web I nterfac e 50 Disablin g Web Access 51 Using SNM P 51 Accessing Sw[...]

Spanni ng Sw itches w ith Po rt-Ba sed VLANs 67 T agged VLA Ns 6 9 Uses of T agged VLANs 70 Assign ing a VLAN T ag 7 0 Mixing Port-Based and T agged VLA Ns 7 2 Protoc ol-Ba sed VLAN s 72 Pred efi ned Pro t oc o l Fi l t ers 7 3 Defining P rotoc ol F ilters 74 Deleting a Protocol Filter 75 Pr eceden ce of T agged Pac kets Over Pr otocol Filt ers 75 [...]

Confi guri ng STP on the Switc h 94 STP Configuration Example 96 Displaying STP Settings 96 Disabling and Resetting STP 97 7 Q UALITY OF S ERVICE (Q O S) Overview of Qual ity of Service 99 Building Blocks 99 QoS Pr ofi les 100 Modifying a QoS Profi le 101 The Bla ckhole QoS Pr ofile 102 T r affi c Gr oup ings and Cr eating a QoS Policy 1 02 MAC-Bas[...]

Real-T ime Display 117 Remote Logging 11 7 Logging Comma nds 1 18 RMON 119 About R MON 1 19 About the RMON G roups 120 St atistics 1 20 His tor y 120 Alar ms 120 Events 1 21 Benefits o f RMON 121 Improving E fficiency 121 Allowing Proactive Managem ent 12 1 Reducing the T raffi c L oad 121 RMON and the Switc h 1 22 RMON Feat ure s of the Swit ch 12[...]

Upgrading BootROM 13 3 Accessing the Bo otROM me nu 133 Boot Option Commands 1 35 A S AFETY I NFORMA TI ON Important Safety Information 138 Lithium Battery 140 L ’ information de Sé curité Importa nte 141 Batterie au lithium 143 W ichtige Sicherheitsinformationen 144 Europe 144 Lithiumbat terie 145 B T EC HNI CAL S P ECI FICAT I ONS C T R OUB L[...]

G LOSSARY I NDEX I NDEX OF C OMMA NDS 3C OM C ORPORATION L IMITE D W ARRANTY EMC S TATEM ENTS[...]

A BOUT T HIS G UIDE This gui de de scribe s the requi r ed inf or matio n to in stall an d co nfigure the Super S tack ® II Switch 910 0 (3 C177 05) . This gu id e is inte nd ed for use by net work ad ministra tors who a re r esp ons ible for install ing and sett ing up net work equi pment. It assumes a basic w o rking know ledge of: ■ Local Are[...]

12 A BOU T T HI S G UIDE Conve ntions T able 1 an d T ab le 2 list co nven tion s th at are used t hrougho ut this g uide. T able 1 Notic e Icons Ic on Notice Type Descri ption In form at ion no te Info rmatio n that d esc ribes impor ta nt fe atures or ins tr uct ion s Cauti on Info rmat ion th at ale rts y ou t o potent ial loss of d ata or poten[...]

Relat ed Docu mentati on 13 Related Do cum entati on The S witc h 91 00 docume ntat ion se t incl ud es the f ollow ing doc umen ts. T o o r de r ad dition al copi es, c onta ct yo ur sales representat ive . ■ Super Stack II Swi tch 91 00 Qu ick Referenc e Gu id e This gu id e descr ibes th e co mma nds use d to co nfigu r e y ou r Super Stack II[...]

14 A BOU T T HI S G UIDE[...]

1 S WITCH 9100 O VE RVIE W This ch apter desc ribes t he fol lowing: ■ Swi tch 9100 feat ur es ■ How t o use the Sw itch 91 00 in you r ne twork co nfig urati on ■ Switch 91 00 f ront vie w ■ Switch 91 00 rea r vi ew ■ Fact ory de fault settings Ab out th e Sw itc h 910 0 Networ k managers ar e curr ently faced wi th the chall en ge of c [...]

16 C HAPTER 1: S WITCH 9 100 O VER VIE W ■ Co nt r ols tr af fi c (i nc lu di ng b r oa dc as t s) ■ Pr o vid es extra secu ri ty ■ Pr o toco l-se nsi tive fi ltering for VLANs ■ Respo nds to 802.3x flow- con trol me ssages ■ Auton egoti ation to IEEE 802.3 z for Gig abit Et hernet ■ Load shar ing on mu ltiple port s ■ Spann ing T ree[...]

Su mmary of F eat ures 17 100/10 00B AS E-TX por ts are confi gured as M DIX (c r ossove r). A crossov er cab le will ty pical ly be n eeded to conn ect thes e ports to anothe r swit ch. F ull -dupl ex The Swi tch 91 00 provides f ull-d uple x suppo rt f or all po rt s. Ful l-dupl ex al lows frames to be transmitt ed and r eceiv ed simult aneously [...]

18 C HAPTER 1: S WITCH 9 100 O VER VIE W Spa nnin g T re e Pr otoc ol ( STP) The S witc h 91 00 support s the IEE E 802 .1d Spanning T ree Protoc ol (STP), which is a brid ge-b ased me cha nism f or prov iding f aul t tole rance on networ ks. STP all ows you to implement paral lel p ath s for networ k traf fic, an d e n s ure th e fol l ow in g : ?[...]

Networ k Co nfigur atio n Exam ple 19 Figure 1 Switch 9100 used in a bac kbone confi guratio n The S witc h 33 00 on eac h flo or ha s a 10 00 Mb ps f ull-du plex l ink to the Switch 91 00. T wo serve rs on on e fl oor o f the b uildi ng are co nne cted t o the Switch 910 0 b y wa y of two Gi gab it Eth er net lin ks. T he t wo G iga bit Eth er net[...]

20 C HAPTER 1: S WITCH 9 100 O VER VIE W In addi tion t o p r o viding a Gi gabit back bone b etwe en Fa st Ether ne t wor kgroups, Gi gab it Et her n et equ ipped f ile ser ver s and servic es ma y b e directly attache d to the Switch 910 0 providing imp r ove d perfor manc e to the Fas t Eth er net des ktop. Sw it ch 91 0 0 Fron t View Figu re 2 [...]

Switc h 9100 Fr ont View 21 W ARNHI NWE IS : RJ-45 Ports . RJ-45-A nsc hlüsse. Dies sind abgesc hirm te R J-45-Dat enbuc hsen. Sie kön nen n icht als T elefon ansch lußbu chsen ve rwen det werde n. An di esen Bu chse n dür fen nur RJ -45- Daten stecker angesc hlosse n w erden . Diese Datenstec ker könne n entweder mit abgesc hirmten oder unab [...]

22 C HAPTER 1: S WITCH 9 100 O VER VIE W Swi tch 9100 Rear View Figu re 3 shows the Swit ch 910 0 rear v iew . Figure 3 Switch 9100 re ar vie w 100/1000B ASE- TX Port St atus L EDs Link/ act ivi ty Green Yell ow Green f lashing Off Link is present ; port i s enable d. Fram es are bei ng trans m it ted/r ece ived on thi s port. Link is present ; por[...]

Fa ctory De fau lts 23 The r ear p anel has the f ollowin g featur es: Pow er Soc ket s The S witc h 91 00 has tw o, ful ly redun dant , load- shar ing po we r suppl ies. Both automat ically adjust to the supp ly voltag e. The power suppli es opera te d own to 90 V . T he fuse is suitab le for bo th 110 V AC a nd 220– 240 V AC op erat ion. Serial[...]

24 C HAPTER 1: S WITCH 9 100 O VER VIE W Sp a nn i ng Tr ee Pr o to c ol Disabl ed for th e swit ch; enab le d for each por t in t he ST P D 802.1p pr iori ty Recogni tion ena bled 802.3x f low con trol Enable d o n Gigab it E therne t ports 802.1Q tag ging All pac kets are untagged on the default VLAN ( de fa ult) Forw ardin g data base agin g per[...]

2 I NSTA L LA TI ON AND S ET UP This ch apter desc ribes t he fol lowing: ■ How to dec ide wher e to in stal l the Swit ch 9100 ■ Ethe r net c onfig uration rules ■ How to inst all th e swi tch in a ra ck or fr ee- standing ■ How t o con ne ct equi pm ent to th e co nsole po rt ■ How to c heck th e inst all ation u si ng th e Po wer On Se[...]

26 C HAPTER 2: I NSTAL LATION AND S ETUP CAUT I ON: Wh en using a r ack mo unti ng system , t he swi tch m ust be mounted on a shelf or runn ers. The rack mount ing brack ets alone are not sufficie nt t o sup port the w eig ht of the sw itch . The r ack mo unting bracket s are provide d to ensur e stabil ity ac ross th e hori zontal plan e. If you [...]

Ins tall ing the Swi tc h 9100 27 T o inst all th e mounting brac kets on th e switch, f ollow th ese steps: 1 Pl ace the swi tch t he right way up on a har d flat surf ac e, wi th th e fro nt fac in g to w ard y ou. 2 Remo ve the exist ing screws from the sides of the chassis. 3 Loca te a m ou nting bra cket over the mount ing h ol es on one side [...]

28 C HAPTER 2: I NSTAL LATION AND S ETUP Stackin g th e S wi tch and Ot her De vic es Up to fo ur un it s c an be pla c ed on to p of on e a not her . If mi xi ng Super Stack II device s, the smalle r units must be p ositioned at the top using rubbe r pads. This se ctio n re lates on ly to ph ysically placi ng th e de vices on t op of eac h other .[...]

Connect i ng E quipment t o the Con sole Por t 29 Figu re 5 shows the pin-o uts fo r a 9 -pin to RS -232 25-pi n null mo dem cable . Figure 5 Null modem cable pin- outs GND (groun d) 5 - DSR (dat a set ready) 6 In RTS ( reque st to s end) 7 Out CTS (c le ar t o s end 8 In T able 6 Console C onnector Pi nouts (continued) Fu nction Pi n Number Direct[...]

30 C HAPTER 2: I NSTAL LATION AND S ETUP Figu re 6 shows t he pin -ou ts for a 9-pi n to 9- pin P C-A T s eria l null m odem cable . Figure 6 PC-A T serial c able pin- outs Powe ring-up the Sw itc h The Swit ch 9100 contain s two power supplies. When both ar e conne cte d, the pow er su pplie s opera te in a l oad- shar ing c onfi guration . I f on[...]

Loggi ng on for the Fi rst Time 31 I f the swi tch passes the POST , the MGMT LED stops bli n king an d r emains gr een. If the switch fails t h e POST , the MGMT LED shows a sol id yellow lig ht . Logging on for the Firs t Time After t he swi tch has com pleted the POST , it is oper ationa l. Once opera tion al, you ca n log on to the sw itch and [...]

32 C HAPTER 2: I NSTAL LATION AND S ETUP[...]

3 A CCESS ING THE S WITCH This chap ter provide s th e fo llowing requi r ed info rm ation to begin manag ing t he S witc h 91 00: ■ Un de rsta ndi ng t he co mma nd sy nt ax ■ Line- edi ting com mand s ■ Co mm an d h is t or y su bs t it utio n ■ Configu ring the switch fo r ma nagem en t ■ Switch man age ment me thod s ■ Co nf ig uri [...]

34 C HAPTER 3: A CCESSING THE S WITCH Unde rstan di ng the Comma nd Synta x This s ection descr ibes th e steps to take when enter ing a command. R efer to th e sect ions t hat follow f or de ta iled in forma tion o n us in g the command- line inter face. T o use t he command-lin e inter face (CLI), foll ow these st eps: 1 When ente ring a command [...]

Unders tandi ng the Comm and S yntax 35 Ab breviated Syntax Abb r ev iated syn tax is the shortest , m ost unam bi guous, a llow able abbrevia tion of a co mm and o r pa ramet er . T y pica lly , this is t he f irst three l etters of the com mand. When using abbr evia ted synt ax, y ou must ent er en oug h cha racter s to make the comm and unambig [...]

36 C HAPTER 3: A CCESSING THE S WITCH Sym b ol s Y ou may see a v arie ty of sy mbo ls show n a s par t of the comm and s ynt ax. These sym bols ex pl ain how to enter the co mman d, an d yo u d o no t typ e th em a s pa rt o f th e co m ma n d i t se lf. Ta b l e 7 summa rizes c omm and syn tax symbols. T able 7 Co mmand Syntax Symbol s Symbol Des[...]

Line- Editi ng Keys 37 Line-Editing Keys Ta b l e 8 de scribe s the line-edi ting k eys avai labl e using the C LI. Comma nd Hist ory The swit ch “r emembers ” the last 4 9 commands you have enter ed. Y ou can displa y a l ist o f these comm a nds by u sin g the follo wing c omm and: hist or y Commo n Comma nd s Ta b l e 9 des c ri bes c o mmon[...]

38 C HAPTER 3: A CCESSING THE S WITCH cre at e vla n <n am e> Creates a VLAN. conf ig a cco un t <use rn ame> {e ncry pted} {<pa sswo rd> } Conf igures a u ser acco unt passwor d. Passw ords m ust have a minimum of f our charac te rs and can hav e a maximum of 12 charac ters. User names an d pass words a re ca se -s e nsit iv e . [...]

Com m on Com m a nd s 39 ena bl e idl et im eo ut Enab les a ti mer th at disc onnects all ses sions (both Te ln et and cons ole) a fter 20 minut es of inact ivit y. The def ault setti ng is dis abled. enab le t eln et {ac cess -p rof ile <ac ce ss _pr of il e> | n on e} {p or t <tc p_ po rt_ nu mb er>} Enab les Telnet acce ss t o t he [...]

40 C HAPTER 3: A CCESSING THE S WITCH Config uring Ma na geme nt Ac cess The S witc h 91 00 support s the follo wing t wo l evel le vels of man age ment : ■ User ■ Admi ni stra tor A user -level account has viewing acc ess to a ll manageable parameters, with the ex cept ion of the follow ing: ■ User account databa se ■ SNM P com mu nity str[...]

Confi guring Mana gement Ac cess 41 If an aster isk (*) a pp ears in f ront of the comm an d-line p rompt, i t i ndicat es that y ou h ave ou tst anding co nf igurati on cha ng es th at hav e no t been saved . F or example: *3C1 77 05 :19 # For m or e info rmati on on sa v ing c onfigur ation chan ge s, re fer to Chap ter 10 . Defa ult Accou nts By[...]

42 C HAPTER 3: A CCESSING THE S WITCH T o add a pa sswor d to the de fault user ac count, f ollow th ese steps : 1 Log in to the s witch usi ng the name admi n . 2 At th e passw ord prompt, p r ess [R etu rn], or e nter t he passw ord tha t you have c onf igured f or t he adm i n a cco unt. 3 Add a def ault u ser passwo rd by ty ping the foll owing[...]

Meth ods of Managi ng the Swi tch 9100 43 Del et ing a n Ac count T o del ete an account , you must have ad ministrat or pr ivile ges. Use the followi ng co mm an d to d elet e an a ccoun t: dele te a cco un t <use rn am e> The acco unt name admi n ca n not be dele ted . Meth ods o f Manag ing th e Sw itc h 91 0 0 Y ou can m a nage the sw it [...]

44 C HAPTER 3: A CCESSING THE S WITCH The most common applic ati ons that u se access pr ofi les allow y ou to r em ote ly manage the switch ac ro ss the n etwork, fo r exampl e: ■ SNMP r ead access ■ SNMP r ead and writ e access ■ Te l n e t ■ We b ac c e ss Creating an A cc ess Profile Access p ro files ar e cr eat ed to spec ifica lly pe[...]

Using Access Profi les 45 The su bnet mask speci fied in th e access pr ofile command is int erpr eted as a re v e rse m as k . A rev ers e mask indicates the bit s that ar e si gnific ant in the I P addre ss . In o ther wor ds , a r everse m ask specif ies th e part of the address tha t must match th e IP ad dress to w hich the profile is appl ied[...]

46 C HAPTER 3: A CCESSING THE S WITCH T o vi ew the T e lne t confi gura tion, t ype: show m an age me nt Using T elne t Any workst ati on with a T elnet f acilit y should b e able to communi cate with th e switch ov er a TCP/IP netwo rk. Up to ei gh t active T elnet sessi ons ca n ac cess t he sw itch c onc urrently . If idle ti me ou ts ar e enab[...]

Using Te lne t 47 ■ Su b ne t a ddr ess mask (o pt iona l) The swit ch MAC addr ess is found on th e rear label of the switch . Once t his is do ne, th e IP ad dr ess an d subn etwork mask for t he switch wil l be downlo aded aut omatical ly . Y o u c an then sta rt managi ng the swit c h wi tho u t fu rth er co n fig u rat io n. Y ou can e n abl[...]

48 C HAPTER 3: A CCESSING THE S WITCH T o m anual ly conf igure t he IP se ttings, p erfor m the follo wing st eps: 1 Co n ne ct a t erm in a l o r wo rks t at io n run n i ng te r mi na l -em ul at io n so ft wa re to th e con so le po rt . 2 At your termin al, press [R etur n] one or more times until you see the login prompt. 3 At the logi n prom[...]

Using Te lne t 49 For exa mple: conf ig i pro ut e add de fa ul t 1 23 .4 5.67 .1 7 Save y our conf igurati o n change s so that they wil l be in ef fect after the next sw itc h reboot, by typi ng save For m or e info rmati on on sa v ing c onfigur ation chan ge s, re fer to Chap ter 10 . 8 When you are fini shed using t he f acil ity , log o ut of[...]

50 C HAPTER 3: A CCESSING THE S WITCH IP H ost Config uration Comma nd s Ta b l e 1 2 describ es the c ommands that ar e u sed to confi g ur e IP s etting s on the switch . Using th e W eb Int e rfac e The W eb In terfac e is devi ce-ma nagement so ftwa re run ning in the swit ch that enables you to access th e switch over a TCP/IP netwo rk using a[...]

Using SNMP 51 The d e fault h ome page of the sw itch ca n b e ac cesse d using the fol lowi ng comman d: http :/ /< ipa dd re ss> When you access the home pag e of the switc h, you ar e p r esented with th e Lo g on scre en . Fo r m or e in fo rm at i on o n u s in g t he Web I nte r fa c e, ref e r t o Ch ap te r 9 . Dis a blin g We b Ac ce[...]

52 C HAPTER 3: A CCESSING THE S WITCH Conf igu rin g SNMP Settin gs The f ollow ing S NMP par amet ers c an be c onf igured o n the swi tch: ■ Aut hori zed t ra p r ece ive rs — An authorized trap r ec eiver can be one or mo r e n etwor k man age ment stations on y our n etwor k. T he swit ch send s SNMP traps to all t rap re c eiver s. Y ou ca[...]

Using SNMP 53 Disp layi ng S NM P Settin gs T o disp lay the SNMP s etting s config ur ed on the s witch, enter t he followi ng co mm an d: show m an age me nt Th is co mm an d di sp lay s th e fo llo wi ng in fo rm a tio n : ■ Enable/ disab le state fo r T el net, SNMP , and Web acces s ■ SNM P com mu nity strings ■ Authori zed SNMP statio n[...]

54 C HAPTER 3: A CCESSING THE S WITCH ■ Logi n stati stics ■ Acce ss profile assignm ent s Rese tt ing a nd Dis a b lin g SNMP T o r eset and dis able SNMP sett ings, u se the com mands in Ta b l e 1 4 . Check ing Ba sic Connec tivity The switc h of fers the pi ng comm and for checki ng basic conne ctivi ty . The ping co mman d e nables y ou t [...]

Enabl ing a nd Disabl ing Switch 9100 P orts 55 En ab ling a n d Disa blin g Swi tch 9 100 Po rts By de fau lt, all ports are enab led. T o ena ble or disabl e one or m ore por ts, use the follo wing c omm and: [ena bl e | d is ab le] po rt s <po rt li st> For ex am ple, t o disabl e po rts 1, 3, an d 5 through 7 on th e Sw itch 910 0, ente r[...]

56 C HAPTER 3: A CCESSING THE S WITCH Flow C ontr ol Flow c ont rol is supp orted on G iga bit Ether ne t por ts. It i s ena bled or disabl ed as part of a utone go tiation . If au tone goti ation is set t o off, f low control is disabl ed. When au tone gotia tion is tu rned on, flow cont rol is enabled . Switc h 9100 Port Comma nd s Ta b l e 1 6 d[...]

Switch 9100 Po rt Co mmands 57 dis ab le le ar ni ng p or ts < por tl is t> Disa ble s MAC addre ss lear ning on one or more ports for se cur ity purpos es. If MAC addres s learn ing is dis abled, only br oadcast tr affi c and pac kets desti ned to a perman ent MAC address mat ch ing t hat po rt numb er, are forwarde d. The defau lt set ting [...]

58 C HAPTER 3: A CCESSING THE S WITCH Load Shar ing on th e Sw it ch 9 1 00 Load sh aring wi th Sw itc h 9100 de vice s al lows y ou t o inc r ease bandwi dth and resilienc e betwee n switch es by usi ng a g r o up of p orts t o ca rry traff ic i n parallel b etwe en switches. The shar ing alg orith m allows th e switch to use mult iple por ts as a[...]

Load Shar ing on the Swi tc h 9100 59 ■ All other packet s — Uses the sou rce and destin ation MA C address. ■ Round- robin — W hen t he sw itch rece ives a s tream of pac kets, it for ward s one pack et out of each physic al port in the load -shari n g group using a r ound -rob in sch eme. Using the rou nd- robi n algor ith m, p acke t ord[...]

60 C HAPTER 3: A CCESSING THE S WITCH I t is rec ommended th at you c onfig ur e the same dupl ex and speed settings f or a ll por ts in a load-sh aring group. Do not disabl e a por t th at is pa rt of a lo ad-sha ring group . Disa bling t he port p re vents it from fo rwardi ng tr affic , but s till all o ws the l ink to i nitial ize. As a result [...]

Swit ch 9100 Por t-Mir rori ng 61 Port-Mirroring Command s Sw i tc h 9 100 port -m ir ro ri n g co mm an ds a r e de scr ibe d in Ta b l e 1 7 . Switc h 9100 Port-Mirroring Exam ple The foll o wing ex ample sel ects port 3 as the m irr o r port , and sen ds all t raf fic com ing into or o ut of t he swi tch o n po rt 1 t o the m irr or po rt : enab[...]

62 C HAPTER 3: A CCESSING THE S WITCH[...]

4 V IRT UAL LAN S (VLAN S ) Setti n g up Vir tual L ocal Ar ea Networks (VLANs) o n the s witch ea ses m any time-co nsum ing ta sks of netw ork administ ratio n while increasin g efficie ncy i n net wor k oper ati ons. This c hapter d escribes the concept of VLANs and expl ains how to i mplement VL ANs on the switc h. Ov er vi ew of V i rtu a l LA[...]

64 C HAPTER 4: V IRTUAL LAN S (VL AN S ) ■ VLAN s ease th e c han ge an d m ovem en t of d evi ces . W ith t radit ional ne tw orks, netwo rk ad ministr ators sp end m uc h of thei r ti me dealing wit h moves an d changes. If user s move to a dif fe re n t subnet wor k, t he addresses of ea ch e ndstation mu st be upda ted manual ly . For exa mpl[...]

IGM P Ove rview 65 the swit ch is conf igured to perfor m IGMP snoop ing and th ere is no othe r r eli able quer ier on the netw ork. IGMP c onf i gu ra tio n co mman ds ar e des cr i be d in Ta b l e 1 8 . T able 18 IGMP Configuration C ommands Command Desc ription ena bl e igm p {v la n <n am e> } En a bles I GMP . If no V LAN is s pec if i[...]

66 C HAPTER 4: V IRTUAL LAN S (VL AN S ) T y pes of VLA Ns The switc h suppo rts a max imum of 256 V LANs. VLANs c an be created acc or ding to th e follo wing cr iteria: ■ Phys ical por t ■ 802.1Q t ag ■ Ether ne t, LL C SAP , or LLC/S NAP Et her n et protoc ol type ■ A com bination of thes e cr iteria Por t- Base d VL ANs In a po rt-b ase[...]

Types of VLANs 67 For exa mple, in Figur e 7, the VLANs ar e co nfigur ed as fo llows: ■ Port s 1 and 3 ar e p art o f VLAN Sales ■ Port s 2 and 5 ar e p art o f VLAN Market ing ■ Port s 4 and 6 ar e p art o f VLAN Fina nce Figure 7 Ex ample of a port-bas ed VLAN on the Switch 9100 Even though they are physi cally c onnected to th e same swit[...]

68 C HAPTER 4: V IRTUAL LAN S (VL AN S ) Figu re 8 ill u strat es a s ingle V LAN that spans t wo Swit ch 9100 devices. All port s on both swi tches be long to V L AN Sale s . The two swit ches ar e conne cte d u sing p ort 1 on S wi tch 1, an d po rt 6 on Swi tch 2. Figure 8 Single port-bas ed VLAN spanning two swit ches T o c reat e multi p le V [...]

Types of VLANs 69 Figure 9 T wo port-based VL ANs spanning tw o Switch 9100 devi ces VLAN A cco unti ng span s Swit ch 1 and Switch 2 by way of a connec ti on betw een Switch 1, por t 1 and Sw itch 2, p ort 3 . VLAN Engi nee ring spa ns Swi t ch 1 an d Sw itc h 2 by wa y of a con ne ct io n be tw een Swi tch 1, po rt 5, and Sw it ch 2, p ort 6. Usi[...]

70 C HAPTER 4: V IRTUAL LAN S (VL AN S ) Use s of T agge d VLAN s T agg ing is mo st c ommon ly use d to allow VL ANs to sp an sw itche s. The switc h-to-sw itc h conne ction s a r e t ypica lly ca lled tr u n ks . Usi ng tags, multi ple VLA Ns can span mul tiple swi tches usi ng o ne or more trunk s. In a po rt- ba se d V LAN , e ach VL AN r equi [...]

Types of VLANs 71 Figur e 10 Physical diag ram of ta gged and untagged traf fic Figu re 11 sho ws a l ogical diagr am o f the sa me net work. Figur e 11 Logical diagr am of tagged and untagge d traf fic Switch 1 Switch 2 = Marketing = Sales M S = Tagged port 802.1Q Tagged server 91_006 78 456 123 S S M 78 456 123 S MM 91_007 *Tagged Ports Sales Swi[...]

72 C HAPTER 4: V IRTUAL LAN S (VL AN S ) In Figu re 10 and Figu re 11 : ■ Th e tr un k p or t on ea c h sw it ch ca rrie s tr a ffic fo r b o th V LA N Mark eting and VL AN Sales . ■ The t runk port on each sw itch i s ta gged . ■ The ser ver connec ted to por t 1 on Switch 1 has a NIC that su pports 802.1Q t agging. ■ The se rver c onnec t[...]

Types of VLANs 73 Figur e 12 Pr otocol-based VLANs Pr ed efi n ed P r otoc ol F il t ers The foll o wing pr otocol fi lte rs are p red efin ed on the s witch : ■ IP ■ IP X ■ NetBI OS ■ DECNet ■ IPX_80 22 ■ IPX_SNAP ■ AppleT alk 91_008 = IP traffic = All other traffic 1 Finance Personnel My Company 192.207.36.0 192.207.35.0 192.207.36.[...]

74 C HAPTER 4: V IRTUAL LAN S (VL AN S ) De fin ing P ro toc ol F ilt ers If nece ssary , you c an d efine a c ustomized protoco l filte r base d o n EtherT ype, L ogica l L ink Con trol (LLC) , a nd/or Subn e twork Ac ce ss Protoc ol (SNAP). Up t o six protocols m a y be part of a protoc ol f ilter . T o d efi ne a protoco l fil ter , do t he fo l[...]

VLAN Na mes 75 For m or e info rmati on on S NA P for Et herne t protoc ol types, see TR 1180 2-5:1997 ( ISO/IEC) [ANSI/I EEE std. 802 .1H, 1997 Edit ion]. Deletin g a Protoc ol F ilter If a pr otoc ol filter is deleted from a VLAN, th e VLAN is assign ed a protoco l filt er of none . Y ou ca n co ntinu e to conf igure the VL AN. Ho we ver , n o t [...]

76 C HAPTER 4: V IRTUAL LAN S (VL AN S ) Con figuring V LAN s on t he Swit c h This section d escribes the c om mand s associat ed with setting u p VLAN s on the switc h. Configurin g a VLAN involves the fo llowing steps: 1 Cre at e and na me the VLA N. 2 Assign an IP address and mask (if ap plicabl e) to t he V LAN, if ne ed ed. Each IP addres s a[...]

Confi guring VLANs on the Swit ch 77 VLA N Conf igur ati on Exam p les The foll o wing Swit ch 9100 exampl e cr eates a po rt-ba sed VLAN named acco unt ing , assigns t he IP address 13 2.15 .121.1, and a ssign s port s 1, 2 , 3, an d 6 to it: crea te v lan a cc ount in g conf ig a cco un ti ng i pa dd re ss 13 2. 15.1 21 .1 conf ig d efa ul t dele[...]

78 C HAPTER 4: V IRTUAL LAN S (VL AN S ) The foll o wing Swit ch 9100 exampl e cr eates a VLAN named sa l es , wi th the V LANid 120 . Th e V LAN use s b oth ta gged and unt agged po rts. Po rts 1 thr o ugh 3 ar e t agged, and p orts 4 a nd 7 ar e untagged. Note th at when not exp licitl y speci fied, p orts are adde d as unta gged . crea te v lan [...]

Delet ing VL ANs 79 ■ Ports assigned ■ T agge d/u nt ag ged s ta tus fo r ea c h po rt ■ Ho w t he por t s w er e a dd ed t o the V LAN (ma nua lly or by GVR P) T o d isplay prot ocol info rmation , use the follo wing c om ma nd: sho w prot o col {< pr otoc ol >} This show co mm and d isplay s protoco l in format ion, incl uding the fo [...]

80 C HAPTER 4: V IRTUAL LAN S (VL AN S )[...]

5 F ORWAR DING D ATABA SE (FDB) This ch apter desc ribes t he c ontent s of th e fo rwarding database (FDB ), how the FDB works, and h ow t o c onfigure the FDB . Ov er vi ew o f t he FDB The swit ch maintains a da tabase of all media access c ontr ol (MAC) addr esses re ceived on all o f its p orts. It uses the inf ormation i n this datab ase to d[...]

82 C HAPTER 5: F ORWARDING D ATABASE (F DB ) way of th e command-li n e int erface ar e stor ed as p ermanent . The swit ch can sup port a maxim um of 64 perman ent entri es. Once cr eated, pe rmanent ent ries stay th e same as when th ey wer e cr eated . For example. the perm anent en try stor e is not updated when any o f t he f ollo wing t ake p[...]

Confi guring F DB Entr ies 83 Config uring FDB En tr ies T o con figure e ntrie s in the F DB, use the co mm ands li sted in Ta b l e 2 1 . FDB Co nfi gura tion Exam p les The foll o wing ex ample add s a permanent en try t o the FDB: crea te f dbe nt ry 00: D0 :9 6: BF: 31 :5 0 vl an m ark et in g po rt 4 The perm anent entry has the fo llowing ch[...]

84 C HAPTER 5: F ORWARDING D ATABASE (F DB ) ■ Port number fo r thi s devi ce is 4. This ex ampl e as sociat es the QoS pr o file qp2 with a dynamic en try that will be l ea rn ed by t he FDB : crea te f dbe nt ry 00: D0 :9 6: BF: 3 1:50 vl an n et3 4 dy nami c qosp ro fi le qp 2 This en try has the foll o wing char acteri stics: ■ MAC add ress[...]

Remov ing F DB E ntries 85 Removin g FD B En tr ies Y ou can re move on e or mo re spe cific entries from th e FDB , or yo u c an clear the entir e FDB of all en tries b y using the commands listed in Ta b l e 2 2 . T able 22 Removing FDB Entry Commands Command Desc ription del et e fdb en tr y <m ac _a dd res s> v lan <nam e> Deletes a[...]

86 C HAPTER 5: F ORWARDING D ATABASE (F DB )[...]

6 S PANN ING T RE E P RO T O C O L (S TP) Using the Spanning T r ee Protocol ( STP) f unction ality of t he switch makes your netwo rk m ore faul t to lerant . The foll owi ng sec tion s expla in m ore about STP and the STP feat ur es supp orted by the Swit ch 9100. STP is a pa rt of the 80 2.1D br idge spec ificatio n def ine d by t he I EEE Compu[...]

88 C HAPTER 6: S PANNING T REE P ROTO COL (STP ) Figur e 13 Network with an il legal topology This c onfigur ation is illega l because it crea tes loo ps that caus e the networ k to overl o ad. However , STP all ows you to use this configu ratio n because STP detec ts dupl icate p aths and immediately pr events (or blocks ) one o f the m from fo rw[...]

Overvi ew of t he Span ning Tree Protoco l 89 If the l ink th r ough Br idge C fails, a s shown in Fi gu r e 15 , the STP s ystem r ec onfigure s the netw ork so tha t tra f fic f rom segm ent 2 fl ows t hrough Bridge B. Figur e 15 T raf fic flowing t hrough Bridge B How STP Wo rks STP has t he fol lowing th re e stages of oper ation: ■ I nitial [...]

90 C HAPTER 6: S PANNING T REE P ROTO COL (STP ) The R oot Bridge ge ner ates B PDUs o n all po rts at a regu lar int erval known as t he Hello T im e. All other brid ges in the netw ork hav e a Roo t P ort. This is the port tha t costs th e le ast in g etti ng to the Root B ridg e, and it is use d for recei ving the BP DUs in itiate d b y the Ro o[...]

STP C onfigurat ions 91 Ca re must be taken to ensure th at multiple STPD inst ances with in a single switc h do not see ea ch ot her in the same broadc a st dom ain. Thi s co uld happ en if, for ex ampl e, anot her ex ternal bridge is used to c onne ct VLANs belon ging to separat e STPDs. I f you delete an STPD, the VL A Ns t hat wer e members of [...]

92 C HAPTER 6: S PANNING T REE P ROTO COL (STP ) Figur e 16 M ul tiple Spanning T ree Domains When the swi tches i n this co nfigurati on star t up, STP co nfigur es eac h STP D suc h that th ere ar e no activ e loops in the top ology . STP could conf igur e the topology in a number of way s to make it loop-fr ee. In Figu re 16 , the connec tion b [...]

STP C onfigurat ions 93 Figur e 17 T a g-based ST P configurat ion Th e t a g- bas e d n etw o rk in Figure 17 has t he f ollow ing con figu ratio n: ■ Switch 1 c onta ins V LAN Market ing and VLAN Sales . ■ Switch 2 c onta ins V LAN Engine er ing and VLAN Sales . ■ Switch 3 c onta ins V LAN Market ing , VLAN Engine er ing , and V LAN Sal es [...]

94 C HAPTER 6: S PANNING T REE P ROTO COL (STP ) Config uring STP on th e Sw it ch STP conf igurati o n involv es the fo ll owing actio ns: ■ Cre ate one or mor e STP domains u sing the fol lowing command: crea te s tpd < st pd_n am e> STPD, VL AN, and QoS profile names must al l be unique . For example, a name used to identif y a VLAN cann[...]

Confi gurin g STP on the S witch 95 Ta b l e 2 3 sho ws the co mmands us ed t o co nfigur e STP . T able 23 STP Configur ation Commands Command Desc ription cre at e stp d <s tp d_ na me > Create s an STPD. When cre ated, an STPD has the fol low in g d efa ult param eters : ■ Bri dge priori ty — 32,76 8 ■ Hell o time — t wo se conds ?[...]

96 C HAPTER 6: S PANNING T REE P ROTO COL (STP ) STP Co nfigura ti on Exam ple The follo wing example cre ates and enables an STPD named B ackbon e_st . It assigns the Ma nufa cturing VLAN to the STP D. It disa bles STP on por ts 1 through 3, an d po rt 6. crea te s tpd b ac kbon e_ st conf ig s tpd b ac kbon e_ st a dd vl an man uf ac tur in g ena[...]

Dis ablin g and Resettin g STP 97 T o disp lay the STP s tate o f a port, u se the fo llowing command: sho w stpd <s tpd_ na me> po rt <portl ist> Th is co mm an d di sp lay s th e fo llo wi ng : ■ STP D po rt conf igurati on ■ STPD st ate (Root Bridge, an d so on) ■ STP D po rt state ( for ward ing, blo cking, and so on) Disa bli[...]

98 C HAPTER 6: S PANNING T REE P ROTO COL (STP )[...]

7 Q UAL IT Y OF S ER VICE (Q O S) This ch ap ter de scribe s the conc ept of Qu ality of S ervic e (Q oS) and expla ins h ow t o conf igure Q o S on t he sw itch. Ov er vi ew o f Qua lit y o f S erv ice QoS i s a feature of the Sw it ch 910 0 tha t allows you to spe cify different ser vice le vels fo r traf f ic travers ing th e swit ch. QoS is an [...]

100 C HAPTER 7: Q UALITY OF S ERVICE (Q O S) The nex t sec tions desc ri be how QoS pr ofil es are used and modi fied. After this, vari ous traffic grouping s a re expla ined and Q oS prof iles are a ssigned to th e tra ffi c g roup ing s. Qo S Pr o fil es Ei ght d efaul t QoS p ro files ar e pr ovi ded th at c an be m odified , but n ot delet ed. [...]

QoS Pro fil es 101 A QoS p ro file d oes not alt er the beh avior of t he swit ch un til it i s assi gned to a t raff ic gr oupin g. The sett ings of t he default p ro files are sh own in Ta b l e 2 5 . Modif yin g a QoS Profile Y ou can m odi fy t he p r o file de fau lts as de sired. T o mo dify th e pa ram eter s of an ex isti ng QoS pr ofile , [...]

102 C HAPTER 7: Q UALITY OF S ERVICE (Q O S) Th e Bla ck h ole Qo S Prof ile In the desc riptio n o f various opt ions for co nfig uring P oli cy-B ased Qo S, ther e is an opti on to spe cify blac kh ole in place of a nam ed QoS profi le. As its na me imp lies, a tr af fic grou ping assi gn ed to t he “b lackhol e” go es nowh ere, an d is no t [...]

Traf fic Groupi ngs and C rea ting a QoS Policy 103 MAC-B ased T raf fic Gr oupi ng s QoS profiles can be a ssigned to dest ination MA C add r esses. T he variou s optio ns th at fall in to this catego ry ar e as foll o ws: ■ Perma nent ■ Dynamic ■ Blac khole ■ Broadca st/u nknown rate lim iting MAC- based t raffic groupin gs are con figure[...]

104 C HAPTER 7: Q UALITY OF S ERVICE (Q O S) The c ommand to cl ear the F DB is as fol lows: clea r fd b Bla ckh ole Using the blackh ole option con figu res the sw itch t o n ot fo rward any pac kets to t he desti nation MAC addr ess on any ports f or th e VLAN specified. The blac kh ol e opt ion i s co nfig ured using th e fo llowi ng co mm an d:[...]

Traf fic Groupi ngs and C rea ting a QoS Policy 105 802.1p Pa ck ets When t raf fic th at co ntains 802.1p priorit iz ation bi ts is s een, the tr aff ic i s mapp ed t o the eight def ault Q oS p rofiles . No use r conf igur ation is r e q ui r ed for t his ty pe of tr affi c g rou pi ng . Ta b l e 2 7 de scri bes 802 .1p value s and th eir assoc i[...]

106 C HAPTER 7: Q UALITY OF S ERVICE (Q O S) Sour ce P ort A s ou rce po rt tr affi c g rou pi ng im pl i es th at an y tra ffi c s ou rced fro m th is physi cal por t uses t he i ndicat ed Q oS profile whe n the tra ffic is transm itted out a ny other port. T o con figu r e a so urce po rt tra ffic grouping, u se the followi ng comma n d: conf ig [...]

Verif ying Conf igura tion and Pe rforman ce 10 7 V erify ing Config uration a nd Per for m an ce The foll o wing in formati o n is u sed to veri fy th e QoS config uratio n and monit or the u se of the Qo S policie s that ar e i n place. Dis play ing Qo S Info rmatio n T o disp lay QoS in for mation on the swi tch, u se the fo llowing command: sho[...]

108 C HAPTER 7: Q UALITY OF S ERVICE (Q O S) Q oS m oni t o r sa m pl ing is c on fi gu r e d as f oll ows : ■ The po rt i s mo nito r ed for 20 seco nds b efore the swi tch m oves on t o th e n ext po rt i n t he l is t. ■ A port is sampl ed for five secon ds before th e pack ets per second (pp s) value is d isplayed on the scre en . Monito ri[...]

Configu ring QoS 109 ■ For p hysica l and logi cal grou pings of a source p ort o r VL AN, re-ap ply the Qo S profile t o the sou rce por t or Vlan . Y ou ca n also sa ve and r eb oot t he swi tch. Config uring QoS Ta b l e 2 9 de scri bes the co mm ands u sed t o co nfigure QoS . T able 29 QoS Configurat ion Commands Command Desc ription con fi [...]

110 C HAPTER 7: Q UALITY OF S ERVICE (Q O S)[...]

8 S TATU S M ONITORIN G AN D S TATIS TI CS This c hapt er descr ibes how to vi ew the curr ent oper ati ng status o f the swit ch, how to disp lay info rmation in the log, an d how to take advant age of avail ab le Remote Mo nitori ng (RMON) capab ilities. Viewi ng st atistics on a regu lar ba sis allo ws yo u to se e ho w w ell your networ k is pe[...]

112 C HAPTER 8: S TATUS M ONI TORI NG AND S TATI STICS Ta b l e 3 0 desc ri be s show co mm ands t hat are used to monitor the status of th e s wit ch . T able 30 Status Monitoring Co mmands Command Des cript ion show log {< pr io rity >} Disp lays t he cur rent s napshot of th e l og. Th e prio rity op tion f ilt ers t he l og to di sp lay m[...]

Por t St ati s ti cs 113 Por t St atis tic s The Switch 9 100 pro vides a facili ty fo r viewin g port st atis tic info rmati on. The summary i nformatio n li sts value s f or t he cur ren t c ounter agains t eac h port on eac h op erat ional mo dule i n the sys tem, and it is refreshed approxim ately e v ery two se conds. V alue s are di splaye d [...]

114 C HAPTER 8: S TATUS M ONI TORI NG AND S TATI STICS Po rt E rror s The swit ch keeps track of er r ors for each por t. T o v i ew por t tr a nsm it e rror s , us e th e f o ll ow i ng co m ma nd : show p or ts <p or tlis t> t xe rro rs The foll o wing por t tr ansmit err or inform ation is coll ected by th e syst em: ■ Link Statu s — T[...]

Po rt M oni tori ng Di spl ay K eys 115 ■ Rece ive A lign men t Errors (R X Al ign) — Th e total num ber of fr ame s r ec ei ved by the por t that oc curs if a fr ame has a CR C err or an d does not c onta in an i nte gral n umb er o f octe ts. ■ Rece ive Fram es Los t (RX Lo st) — The total number of fram es r ec eive d by t he po rt th at[...]

116 C HAPTER 8: S TATUS M ONI TORI NG AND S TATI STICS By def ault, lo g entries t hat ar e assi gned a cri tical or warn ing level r em ain in th e log aft er a swit ch r eboot . Iss uing a clear lo g command does not r em ove th ese static entries. T o re move log entr ies of al l levels (includ in g wa r ning o r criti cal), use the fol low ing [...]

Loggi ng 117 Real- Time Dis p lay In addi tion t o v iewing a sna psh ot of the log, y ou ca n c onfigure t he system to m aintain a r un ning real-time display o f log messa ges o n the consol e. T o tu rn on t he log displ ay , ent er the fol lowi ng com ma nd : enab le l og di sp lay T o con figure the log displ ay , use t he fo llow ing comm a [...]

118 C HAPTER 8: S TATUS M ONI TORI NG AND S TATI STICS L oggin g Command s Th e com ma nds de sc ri be d in Ta b l e 3 4 a llow yo u to c onf igure loggi n g options, reset l oggin g op tion s, displa y the l og , and cle ar the l og . T able 34 Logging Commands Command Desc ription ena bl e cli -c on fi g- lo gg in g Enable s loggi ng CL I co nfig[...]

RM O N 11 9 RMON Using th e Remote Monitori n g (RMON) capab ilities o f the switch allows netwo rk ad minist rato rs to i m pr ove syst em ef fici en cy and r educ e the l oad on the netwo rk. The f ollow ing se ctions expl ain mo re ab out t he RM ON co ncep t and t he RMO N fea tures supp or ted by t he sw it ch. Y ou can only use th e RMON feat[...]

120 C HAPTER 8: S TATUS M ONI TORI NG AND S TATI STICS About the RMON Gr oup s The I ETF de fine s nine groups o f Ethe r ne t RM ON sta tisti cs. Th e switch suppor ts the fol lowi ng fou r of t hese groups: ■ Stati stics ■ History ■ Alarms ■ Even ts This se ction d escribe s these g r oups, and d iscusse s how the y can be u sed. Statisti[...]

RM O N 12 1 Events The Ev ents gr oup crea tes entries in a n event l o g and/or sen ds SNMP t raps to t he management wo rkstati o n. An even t is tr igger ed by an RMON alarm. Th e a ction t aken ca n be co nfig ured to i gno r e it , to log the ev ent, to sen d an SNMP trap to the r eceiv ers li sted in the tr ap r eceiver table, o r to both lo [...]

122 C HAPTER 8: S TATUS M ONI TORI NG AND S TATI STICS An RMO N probe, h owe ver , aut onomou sl y looks a t the ne two rk on be half of the mana gem ent wor kstati on witho ut affecting t he charac teristics and perfor man ce of the netw ork . The prob e repor ts by e xcept ion, w h ich means that it only info rms th e management workstat ion when[...]

RM O N 12 3 When using the RMON fea tures of the switch, you shoul d note the fo llo wi ng : ■ After the defa ult sessions a re cre at ed, the y hav e no spec ial status. Y o u can delet e or ch ange t hem a s required. ■ The gr eater t h e n umber of RMON sessio ns, the gr eater th e bur den on the ma nag eme nt resources of the swi tch. H owe[...]

124 C HAPTER 8: S TATUS M ONI TORI NG AND S TATI STICS[...]

9 U SING THE W EB I NTERFACE The W eb In terfac e is devi ce-ma nagement so ftwa re run ning in the swit ch that allows you to access th e switch over a TCP/IP net work, usi ng a standa r d Web browser . An y properly c on figured stand ard Web browser that su ppo rts frame s an d Java Script (such as Ne tscape Nav igator 3. 0 or higher , or Mic ro[...]

126 C HAPTER 9: U SING THE W EB I NTERFACE Setting U p Y our Browser In gene ra l, the def ault set ting s that c ome c onf igured o n y our browse r work wel l with th e W eb Interf ace. The fo ll owing ar e r ec ommend ed settings t hat yo u ca n use t o improve the display features and funct iona lity of t he Web Int erfac e: ■ After down loa [...]

Nav ig ati ng th e We b I nte rf ac e 127 If you h ave ent ered th e name an d passw o r d of an a dm inistrator -leve l acco unt, y ou have ac cess t o al l Web Int erf ace pa g es. If y ou have us ed a user -le vel a ccoun t n ame a nd password, you on ly have acce ss to t he Stati stics and Sup port in formati on. For m ore inform ation o n assi[...]

128 C HAPTER 9: U SING THE W EB I NTERFACE Cont ent Fr ame The conten t frame c ontains t he main body of i nformation in the Web I nterface. F or example, if you sel ect an optio n fro m the Conf igurat ion task b utton , ent er c onfigur ation par ame ters i n the cont ent frame . If you select the Statistics task button, s tatist ics ar e d ispl[...]

Savi ng Chang es 129 Saving Change s There are tw o wa ys to save yo ur ch ange s to n on- volat ile st orage using the W eb Inter face: ■ Sel ect Save C onfigur ation from the Co nfigurat ion task bu tton, Switch option. This f ield co ntains a drop- down lis t box tha t a llow s y ou t o sel ect eit her the pr ima ry or secon dar y conf igur at[...]

130 C HAPTER 9: U SING THE W EB I NTERFACE[...]

10 S OFTWAR E U PG RADE AND B OOT O PTION S This ch apter desc ribes t he procedure f or upg rading th e swi tch soft ware i mage. This chapter a lso disc usses how to save and load a pri mary and secon dary image an d c onfigur ation fil e on the swit ch. Dow nload i ng a New Im ag e The imag e fil e contains th e executa b le code that run s on t[...]

132 C HAPTER 10: S OFTW ARE U PG RADE AND B OOT O PTIO NS The sw itch c an sto r e u p to tw o ima ges; a prim ary an d a sec ondar y . Wh en you downlo ad a new image, you must select i nto whic h image space (prima ry or seco ndar y) you w ant the new i mage t o b e pl aced. Y ou can se le ct whi c h image the swit ch will l oad o n the nex t reb[...]

Upgradi ng and Access ing BootR OM 13 3 T o use t he configur ation, use the fol lowing command: use con fig urat io n [pri ma ry | seco ndar y] The confi gura tion takes ef fect on the nex t rebo ot. If the sw itc h is r eboo ted while i n the mi ddle of a c onfig ura tion save, t he switc h bo ots to facto ry de fault se ttings. T he co nfig urat[...]

134 C HAPTER 10: S OFTW ARE U PG RADE AND B OOT O PTIO NS T o acc ess the Boo tROM menu, fo llow t hese step s: 1 At tach to th e co nsol e po rt of t he s w itc h, as d es cr ibed i n Ch apter 2 . 2 With the ser ial port c onnect ed to a pr o perl y conf igur ed term inal or term inal emul ator , power cycle th e switch while depres si ng the spac[...]

Boot Opt ion Comman ds 135 Boot O ption Comma nd s Ta b l e 3 8 lists th e co mman ds assoc iated wi th switch b oot option s. T able 38 Boot Opt ion Commands Command Des cript ion show c on fig ur at ion Disp lays th e cu rren t conf ig ura tion to t he te rminal . You c an then c apture t he output a nd sto re i t as a fi le. down lo ad bo ot ro [...]

136 C HAPTER 10: S OFTW ARE U PG RADE AND B OOT O PTIO NS[...]

A S AFE T Y I NFORMAT ION Y ou must read t he fol lowin g saf ety in form ation b efo r e c arryi ng out a ny install ation or remova l of comp one nts, o r an y m aintena n ce proce dures on the Switch 910 0. WARNI NG : War ning s co ntain di recti ons that yo u m ust follow for your per sonal safet y . Follow all dir ectio ns car efu lly . Y ou m[...]

138 A PPENDIX A: S AFETY I NFORMATION Important Safe ty In formati on ■ Install ation and remo val of th e uni t mu st be car ried ou t by q ua lifie d pers onnel o nly . ■ I f insta lling th e Switc h 910 0 in a sta c k with Supe rStack II units that ar e narrow er than t he 9 100 , th e Sw itch 91 00 u ni t must be inst al led below the narro[...]

Imp or ta n t Sa fe t y Info rm at io n 139 ■ This un it op erate s under S EL V (Saf ety Extra L ow V olta ge) c ond itions acco r d ing to I EC 9 50. The condi tion s are only m a intaine d if the equipm e nt to which it is conne cted a lso oper ates u nde r SE L V condi tion s. ■ Franc e and Peru onl y: This unit can not be p owe r ed from I[...]

140 A PPENDIX A: S AFETY I NFORMATION If service person ne l disregard the instructi ons and at tem pt to replac e the bq4830 /DS 16 44, replace t he l ith ium b attery with t he sa m e or e quival ent type, as r ecommended by the ma nufactur e r . WARNI NG : The re is da nger of p erson al injur y an d exp losi on if ba tter y is imprope rl y disc[...]

L’i nfor mat ion de S écur ité Import ant e 141 L ’ informa tion de Séc uri té Impo rtan te ■ L' install ati on et la dépo se de ce gr o upe doiv ent êt re c onfié s à un pers onnel q ua lifié. ■ Si vous en tass ez l'unité Swi t ch avec les unités SuperStac k II Hub, l'unit é Sw itch 910 0 d o it être insta llée[...]

142 A PPENDIX A: S AFETY I NFORMATION ■ La pris e secteur d oit se t ro uver à pr oximi té de l’ap par eil et s on accès doit être fac ile. V o us n e pou ve z m ettre l’ap pa r eil ho rs circui t qu'e n débran chant so n cor don élec triq ue au niveau de cett e prise. ■ L ’ap pareil f onction ne à u ne te nsion ex trême m en[...]

L’i nfor mat ion de S écur ité Import ant e 143 Bat ter ie au l it hium Les b atterie s du disposit if bq483 0/DS 1644 est h ermét ique men t scellé e t ne peut donc pas êtr e remplacé par l'ut ilisateur . Si les tech nicie ns de mai ntena nce ou trepassent ces instruct ions et ten tent de rempla cer la bq4 830 /DS16 44, la b atteri e [...]

144 A PPENDIX A: S AFETY I NFORMATION Wic hti ge Sicherh eitsinf orma t ion en ■ Die Instal lation und der Ausbau des G erät s dar f nur durch Fach per sona l e rfolge n . ■ W enn die Switch 9 100 Einheit i n ein er Stapel m it an der en SuperStac k II Hub E inh eite n einge bau t werden sol l, muß die S wi tch 91 00 Einh e it unter die schm [...]

Wi chti ge Sicher hei tsi nform atio nen 145 W ARNHI NWE IS : RJ-45 Ports . RJ-45-A nsc hlüsse. Dies sind abgesc hirm te R J-45-Dat enbuc hsen. Sie kön nen n icht als T elefon ansch lußbu chsen ve rwen det werde n. An di esen Bu chse n dür fen nur RJ -45- Daten stecker angesc hlosse n w erden . Diese Datenstec ker könne n entweder mit abgesc h[...]

146 A PPENDIX A: S AFETY I NFORMATION ■ Lit hiumba tterien sind ke in von der EP A au fgelist eter Sondermü ll und k önn en dah e r in de r Re gel mi t de m normal en M üll e ntsor gt wer d en. ■ Bei de r E ntsor gung größ erer M engen i st di e ör tlich e Mül l ver wal t ung ss tell e zu Ra te zu zi ehe n. ■ Das Bat teri emodu l e nth[...]

B T ECHN ICAL S PE CIFICATIONS *Categ ory 5 sc reen ed or unsc r eened cables must be us ed to ensu re complian ce with th e Class A r equir emen ts of this s tandar d. Phys ical Dimensions Height: 89mm (3. 5 in.) x Wid th: 440mm (17. 3 in.) x Depth: 472mm (18.6 i n.) Weight: 9.53kg (21 l b.) Envir onment al Requir e ments Oper ating Te mpera ture [...]

148 A PPENDIX B: T ECHNICAL S PECI FICATIONS The f ollow ing is a list o f softw ar e st andards s uppo rted b y the Swi tch 9100. For m ore info rmati on on d rafts o f the 8 02. 3 M AU MIB + gi gabit and the Ether - like M IB + gi gabit, r ef er to: http :/ /w ww. ie tf .org /h tm l. cha rt er s/hu bm ib -ch ar te r.ht ml The IEE E Brid ge MIB do[...]

C T R O UBLESH OOTIN G If you e ncou nt er p r ob lems w hen using the sw itch, th is a ppend ix may be helpf ul. If y ou have a p r obl em no t lis ted he re or in the “Rele ase Not es,” contac t y our su ppli er . LEDs Powe r LE D does n ot li ght: Chec k that the po we r cabl e is firml y conne c ted to th e de vice a n d to t he supply outl[...]

150 A PPENDIX C: T ROUBLESHOOTING Swi tch does no t power up: The Switch 9100 u ses a digi tal power su pply wit h su rge pr otec ti on. I n the event of a pow er su rge, the prot ection circuits shut d own t he p owe r supply . T o reset, unplu g the switc h for 1 m inut e, plug it bac k in , and attem pt to po wer up th e switch . If this doe s n[...]

Using the Command-L ine Inter face 151 attem pt to lo g in and th e maximum number of T elnet s essio ns ar e bein g used, you sho uld recei ve an e rror me ssage i ndic ating so. T rap s ar e no t re cei ve d by th e SNMP Net work Ma nage r: Check th at the SNMP Network Manager 's IP addr e ss and communi ty st ring ar e cor rec tly con figur[...]

152 A PPENDIX C: T ROUBLESHOOTING Y ou forg e t y our p asswo r d and ca nn ot l og in: I f you ar e not an admin istr ator , anothe r user h aving ad ministrat o r acces s l evel can lo g in, delete your user name, an d creat e a new user name for you, w ith a new p assword. Alternativ ely , another u ser havi ng administrat or access level c an l[...]

Using the Command-L ine Inter face 153 A mismatch o f duplex mode bet ween the Swit ch 9100 and th e network devic e w ill ca us e poo r net wor k per fo rman ce. View ing u sin g the show port rx command on t he Switc h 9100 may display a co nstant in crement of CRC er rors . This is charac ter isti c of a duplex mi smatch be tween device s. This [...]

154 A PPENDIX C: T ROUBLESHOOTING which shou ld no w a llow you to re-ent er the p r evio us co mm and wi thou t err or as foll ows: loca lh os t:2 6 # conf ig v la n r ed a dd p or t 1,2 VLAN names: Ther e ar e res tri ctio ns on VLAN names. They c annot conta in whitesp aces and c anno t start w ith a nu meric va lue u nless you use q uota tion m[...]

Using the Command-L ine Inter face 155 STP Y ou have co nne cted a n e nds tation direct ly to th e sw itch and the end station fai ls to b oot correctly: The Swit ch 9100 has STP en abled, and the end stat ion is bo oting befo re the ST P initi alizati on pr ocess is c omplet e. Specif y that STP ha s been dis abled for t hat VL AN, or tu rn of f [...]

156 A PPENDIX C: T ROUBLESHOOTING[...]

D T ECHN ICAL S UP PORT 3Com provide s eas y ac cess t o techn ica l supp ort inf or mat ion throug h a vari ety of serv ices. This ap pendi x descr ibes th ese serv ices. Infor mation co ntained in this appendi x is co rrec t at time o f publica tion. For the mos t r ecent infor mation, 3Com r ecommen ds tha t you access t he 3Com Cor porat ion W [...]

158 A PPENDIX D: T ECHNICAL S UPPOR T 3C om F T P S it e Do wnlo ad drivers, patches , software, and MIB s across the In ter net from the 3Com publi c F TP sit e. This se rvi ce is av ail abl e 24 ho urs a day , 7 day s a week. T o c o n ne ct to t he 3C o m F TP s ite , e n te r th e fo llo wi ng i nfo rm a tio n in to your F TP client : ■ Hostn[...]

Suppor t from Your Net work Suppl ier 159 Acce ss by Dig ita l M o dem ISDN users ca n dial in to th e 3Com BB S using a di gital mo dem f or f ast access up t o 6 4 Kbp s. T o acce ss the 3 Com BBS u sing I SDN, cal l the followi ng nu mbe r: 1 847 2 62 6000 3Com Fa cts Autom ated Fax Service The 3Com Fa cts automated fax servic e pr ovides techni[...]

160 A PPENDIX D: T ECHNICAL S UPPOR T When you co ntact 3Com for assista nce, have the f oll owing i nfor mat ion r eady: ■ Product m odel nam e, pa rt num ber , and serial num ber ■ A list o f system hardwa re and so ftwa r e, inc luding revision l evel s ■ Diagno stic err or messages ■ Detail s abou t recen t conf igur ation ch anges, i f[...]

Retu r ning Pr oduc ts for Re pair 161 Retu rni ng Products fo r Rep air Before you se nd a p roduct directly to 3 Com fo r repair , y ou must fir st obtai n an a utho riz ation n um ber . Products sent to 3Com w ith out author iza tion num be rs w ill b e return ed t o the send er u nopen e d, at th e sender ’ s expe nse. T o obtai n an auth ori[...]

[...]

G LOSSARY 10B A SE- T T he IE EE spe cific ation for 1 0Mbps E ther net over Cat egor y 3 , 4 or 5 twist ed pa ir cable . 100B A SE-F X The IEEE specif icatio n for 100 Mbps Fast Et hernet over fib er -optic c able. 100BA SE -TX The IEEE specif ica tion for 100Mb ps Fast Ethernet o ver Category 5 t wis te d- pai r ca ble . 1000B AS E-T The IEE E sp[...]

164 G LOSSARY BOOTP The B OOTP pr otocol al lo ws you to au tomati c all y map a n IP ad dr ess t o a giv en M AC addr ess each ti m e a device i s start ed. In addi tion, the protoco l can a ssign the sub net m ask a nd defau lt gat ewa y to a d evice . bri dge A devi ce that inter connec ts two LA Ns of a dif fe ren t typ e to fo rm a single logi[...]

G LOSSARY 165 Forwar ding Data bas e A data base t hat is stored by a s witch to det ermin e if a pac ket sh ould be forwar ded, an d which port s houl d forwar d the pac ket if it is to be for warded . Also known as Swit ch Databas e. filterin g The pr ocess o f scr eening a packet f o r certain characteri stics, such as source address, de stina t[...]

166 G LOSSARY IP Inter ne t P r otoc ol. IP is a laye r 3 n etwor k prot ocol that is the standa rd for sen ding data t hrough a n e twork. I P is pa rt of th e TCP /IP set of protoco ls that desc ribe t he rou ting of pac kets t o add r essed devi ces. IPX In ter ne tw ork Pa c ket Exc han ge . IP X is a l aye r 3 and 4 ne tw ork protoco l designe[...]

G LOSSARY 167 MAC addr ess Me dia Acce ss C ontrol address; also called h ardware or phy sical address. A laye r 2 a ddress asso ciated w ith a parti cular net wor k devi ce. Mo st devic es th at conn ect to a LAN ha ve a M A C address a ssigned to them as they ar e used to identi fy other devic es in a network . MAC addr esses ar e 6 bytes lo ng. [...]

168 G LOSSARY repeater A simp le device tha t r eg enerates LAN traf fic so that the t ransmission distan ce of tha t signal ca n be ext ended. Re peater s are used to con nect two LAN s of t he same n e twork t ype. resilient l ink A pair of p orts t hat can be co nfigur ed so that o ne takes o ver da ta tran smiss ion sho uld the oth er fail. See[...]

G LOSSARY 169 st andby port The por t in a re si lient l ink that t akes o ver data tr ansmissi o n if the main port i n the li nk fails. STP See Spann ing T ree Protocol ( STP) . sw itc h A device tha t interconne cts se vera l LANs to fo rm a single logic al LAN that comprises o f several LAN se gments. Switches are similar to bridge s, in that t[...]

170 G LOSSARY VL T V i rt ua l LA N T ru nk . A Sw itch -to - Sw it ch link tha t car ri es t raffi c fo r a ll th e VLANs on each Swit ch. WAN W ide Area Netwo rk. A communicat ions net w or k that cov ers a wide ar ea. A W AN c an cover a lar ge geograp hic ar ea, and may con tain severa l LANs within it .[...]

I NDE X Numbers 1000BASE - SX por t 16 3Com b ullet in boar d serv ice (3 Com BBS) 158 3Com K nowledgeb ase Web S ervi ces 1 57 3Com UR L 157 3C om Fa ct s 159 A acc ess leve ls 4 0 a ccess p rofil es confi gu rati on comman ds (ta ble ) 44 cr eating 44 ex am p le 4 5 re v e r s e m a s k 4 5 rule s 4 5 use 43 a ccou nts, c rea tin g 42 admi n acco[...]

172 I NDEX E enabl in g a port 55 err ors, port 114 Event s, RM ON 121, 1 22 F fact or y defaul ts 23 fax se r vic e (3 C om F acts ) 159 FDB ad ding an en tr y 82 ag ing ent ries 81 blac khol e entr ie s 82 clea r an d delet e co mmands ( ta ble) 85 confi gurat i on com mand s (tab le) 83 confi guri ng 83 conte nt s 81 cr eating a pe rmane nt e nt[...]

I NDEX 173 O on line te ch ni cal s e rvic es 1 57 P passwo r ds defaul t 4 1 fo rge ttin g 42 perm anent en tries, FDB 81 ping comman d 54 port co mmands ( table ) 56 enabl ing and di s abling 55 erro rs ,vie w ing 1 1 4 mast er por t 59 monito r ing di sp lay key s 115 pr io rity , S TP 94 re ceive err ors 114 stat is tics , v iewin g 1 13 STP st[...]

174 I NDEX short cut s, co mmand 35 Simpl e Netw ork Manage m ent P rot ocol. See SNM P SNAP pr ot ocol 75 SNMP author ized m anager s 52 co mmunit y str ings 52 confi gurat i on com mand s (tab le) 52 confi guri ng 52 re set and dis able c ommands ( t able) 54 sett ings, displ ay ing 53 suppor ted MIBs 51 tra p re ceiv e rs 5 2 usin g 51 socke t ,[...]

I NDEX 175 confi gurin g 76 defaul t 75 delet e an d res et com mands (t able) 79 descr ipti on 17 displ ay ing se tting s 78 mixi ng port- based an d t agged 72 name s 75 port- based 66 pro t ocol filt ers 73 pro toc ol-ba sed 72 re storing de fault value s 79 tagged 6 9 trunk s 70 ty pes 66 W We b I nte rface acces s ing 126 brows e r c on tro ls[...]

176 I NDEX[...]

I NDE X OF C OMMAND S C cl ea r cou n t er s 119 c lear fd b 85 , 104 cle ar igmp snoop ing 66 cl ea r ip ar p 50 cl ea r lo g 116 , 11 9 c lear se ssion 39 , 49 c onfig acces s-pro file 44 c onfig acces s-pro file add 44 c onfi g ac cess- profi le de le te 44 confi g ac count 38 confi g ban ner 38 confi g dot1p ty pe 105 confi g dot1q et her type [...]

178 I NDEX OF C OMMANDS disa bl e log displ ay 118 disa bl e mirr orin g 61 disa bl e port s 55 , 57 disa bl e qosm onit or 108 disa bl e rmon 123 disa bl e shar in g 57 , 59 disa bl e snm p access 54 disa bl e snm p traps 54 disa bl e stp d 97 disa bl e stp d po rt 97 disa bl e sys log 118 disa bl e tel net 39 , 49 disa bl e we b 39 , 51 , 125 dow[...]

I NDEX OF C OMMANDS 179 U unconf ig mana gement 54 unconf ig ports displ ay- stri ng 56 unconf ig stpd 97 unconf ig swi tch 40 , 133 unconf ig vlan ipaddres s 79 use c onf igura tion 133 , 13 5 use i mage 13 2 , 135[...]

180 I NDEX OF C OMMANDS[...]

3Com C orpor ati on L IMITED W ARRANTY This warra nty applies t o custo mers located i n the United Stat es, Australi a, Canad a (except Qu ebec), Ireland, New Zeala nd, U.K., and other English langu age countries , and countr ies for which a translat ion into th e local language is not provid ed. SuperSt ack II Swit ch 910 0 H AR DWA RE 3C o m war[...]

3Com shall not be respons ible for any soft ware, fi rmware, i nformatio n, or me mory da ta of Cu stome r containe d in, sto red in, or i ntegra ted with an y produc ts retur ned to 3Com f or repa ir, whethe r under w arranty or not. Dead- or D efe ctive-on- Arriva l . In the event a p roduct complet ely fails to func tion or e xhibits a defect in[...]

G OVERNI NG L AW This Limi ted W arranty sh all be gover ned by t he laws of the S tate of C alifor nia, U .S.A. e xcludi ng its c onflicts of laws pr inciples a nd exc luding the U nited Na tions Con ventio n on C ontract s for t he Interna tiona l Sale of Goods. 3Com C orporati on 5400 Bayf ront Plaza P.O. Box 58145 Santa Cla ra, CA 9 50542 -8145[...]

EMC S TATE MEN TS FCC S T ATEMENT T h is equipme nt has been te sted and f ound t o compl y with t he lim its for a C lass A digita l device, pur suant to part 15 o f the F CC rule s. The se limits a re desi gned t o provi de re asonable prot ection aga inst ha rmful int e rfe re nce wh en t he eq uip m en t i s op er at e d in a c om me rc i al en[...]