Garmin G N C 2 5 0 X L manual

GNC 250XL Pilot’s Guide and Reference 250xl manual 2 7/17/98 1:26 PM Page i[...]

250xl manual 2 7/17/98 1:26 PM Page ii[...]

i INTRODUC TION Forewor d Software V ersion 2.01 or above © 1997 GARMIN Corporation 1200 East 151st Street, Olathe, Kansas 66062-3426, USA GARMIN (Europe) L TD, Unit 5, The Quadrangle, Abbey Park Industrial Estate, Romsey S051 9AQ, UK W eb Site Address: www .garmin.com All rights reserved. No part of this manual may be repr oduced or transmitted i[...]

C AUTION The Global Positioning System is operated by the United States government, which is solely responsible for its accuracy and maintenance. The system is subject to changes which could affect the accuracy and performance of all GPS equipment. Although the GARMIN GNC 250XL is a precision electr onic NA Vigation AID (NA V AID), any NA V AID can[...]

Accessories & P acking List Congratulations on choosing the finest, most advanced panel mount VFR GPSCOM available. The GNC 250XL represents GARMIN’ s commitment to provide an accurate, easy-to-use GPS for all of your aviation needs. Before installing and getting started with your unit, please check to see that your package includes the follo[...]

INTRODUC TION W a rranty T o obtain warranty service, see your local dealer or call the GARMIN Customer Service department for a r eturned mer chandise tracking number . The unit should be secur ely packaged with the tracking number clearly marked on the outside of the package, and sent fr eight pr epaid and insured to a GARMIN authorized warranty [...]

P ART ONE: INTRODUCTION Forewor d . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .i Cautions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .ii Accessories/Packing List . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .ii[...]

INTRODUC TION T able of Contents Section 6: Messages and Unit Settings ( M key) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .75 Appendix A: NavData ® and User Data Card Use . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .87 Appendix B: Installation and Maintenance of the GNC 250XL . . . . . . . .89 Appendix C: Simulator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [...]

vii INTRODUC TION Key and Knob Functions K ey and Knob Functions B The power/volume knob controls unit power and radio volume. Q The squelch button activates automatic squelch control. D The direct-to key performs an instant direct-to, allows you to enter a waypoint, and sets a direct course to the destination. T The nearest key is used to obtain i[...]

M The message key is used to view system messages. This key is also used to access the GNC 250XL ’ s unit settings. See Section 6 for more information on messages and unit settings. @ The transfer key flip-flops the active and standby frequencies. The clear key is used to erase information or cancel an entry . E The enter key is used to approve[...]

The GARMIN GNC 250XL is a powerful navigational tool that pr ovides pilots with accurate navigational data and communication capability , along with a host of database information at your fingertips. The T akeoff T our is designed to familiarize you with the operation of the GNC 250XL, including powering up the unit, changing fr equencies, entering[...]

The satellite status page shows the ID numbers for the satellites and the r elative signal str ength of each satellite r eceived. T urn the K knob to view additional satellites. T AKEOFF T OUR Acquiring Satellites ‘Search Sky’ indicates that satellite almanac data is not available or has expir ed (if the unit hasn’ t been used for six months [...]

While the GNC 250XL is acquiring a position, let’ s take a minute to dial in the active and standby frequencies you’ll be using for the first phase of your flight. The GNC 250XL ’ s display can be broken down into two separate ‘windows’, the comm window (the top line of the display) and the GPS window (the bottom thr ee lines of the displ[...]

The map page combines a moving map display and navigation data for complete situational awar eness. T AKEOFF T OUR Position Page The navigation communications (NA VCOM) page provides a complete list of airport fr equencies at your departur e and arrival airports. After the GNC 250XL acquires satellites and computes a position, the position page wil[...]

The GNC 250XL uses direct point-to-point navigation to guide you fr om takeoff to touchdown in the VFR environment. Once a destination is selected, the unit will provide speed, course and distance data based upon a dir ect course from your pr esent position to your destination. A destination can be selected from any page with the D ( direct-to ) ke[...]

CDI page with ‘trk’ and ‘eta’ displayed. T AKEOFF T OUR CDI & Map Pages CDI page with ‘brg’ and ‘trk’ displayed. In addition to the destination field and graphical CDI, the GNC 250XL CDI page features four selectable fields for various navigation data so that the page may be con- figured to your own prefer ences (see Section 1 f[...]

The map display occupies the right side of the display . Y our present position is indi- cated by a plane symbol (in track up mode) or a position diamond (in other orienta- tion modes), with your route displayed as a solid line. Nearby airports, navaids and user waypoints may be depicted on the map; with unique identifying symbols for each waypoint[...]

The map display has 14 available ranges from 0.5 to 300 (nautical miles, statute miles or kilometers) representing the vertical height of the map. The map scale is con- trolled by the inner knob ( K ), with the current scale displayed in the lower right corner of the page. T o select a map scale: 1. Rotate the K knob clockwise to increase the map s[...]

Once a direct-to is activated, the CDI page will provide navigation to the destina- tion until the direct-to is cancelled or another direct-to destination is activated. T o cancel a direct-to from the CDI page: 1. Press the C key twice to activate the cursor in the destination field. 2. Press . 3. Press E . The GNC 250XL ’ s T key provides the [...]

T o view additional nearest airports, r otate the K knob. T o review a near est waypoint, highlight the identi- fier and pr ess E . Once the nearest airport (or any other nearest waypoint) page is displayed, the selected waypoint can be quickly reviewed or selected as a direct-to destination. T o review the selected waypoint from the nearest waypoi[...]

Section 1 Navigation K ey The GNC 250XL features seven navigation pages to pr ovide various position, course, speed, status and planning information. The pages may be viewed by pressing the N key and rotating the outer knob, or by pr essing the N key repeatedly . The CDI , map, NA VCOM and position pages are the primary pages used during in-flight [...]

The TO/FROM arr ow indicates whether you ar e heading to (an up arr ow) the waypoint or if you’ve passed the waypoint (a down arr ow). The CDI page will display ‘No actv wpt’ in the CDI field if ther e is no destination waypoint selected using the D key and no active route. The GNC 250XL ’ s CDI page pr ovides you with the important informa[...]

The following functions may be displayed in the ground speed field: • gs— Y our present speed over the gr ound. • str— Steer direction and distance, or digital cr osstrack error . An ‘L ’ or ‘R’ indicates which direction to steer , while the distance value indi- cates how far you are of f course. The following functions may be displ[...]

T o change any of the selectable fields on the CDI page: 1. Press C twice to activate the cursor in the GPS window . 2. Rotate O to highlight the field you would like to change. 3. Rotate K to change the field to display the desired information. 4. Rotate O to highlight another field, or C to finish. The next page available from the GNC 250XL ’ s[...]

The map display occupies the right side of the display and shows your position relative to nearby airports, navaids, user waypoints and airspaces. Dif ferent symbols are used to distinguish between waypoint types. The identifiers for any on-screen waypoints can also be displayed. Special-use and controlled airspace boundaries appear on the map, sho[...]

Navigation data is also provided on the map page to guide you during your flight. The destination waypoint name and desired track (dtk) appear on the left side of the page, below the communication frequencies. Additional data fields may be displayed at the corners of the map display (or removed by pressing ), as follows: Distance (dis) to waypoin[...]

If a frequency has sector or altitude restrictions, the fr equency will be followed by a ‘brg?’ indication. T o view restrictions on a frequency: 1. Press C twice to activate the cursor in the GPS window . 2. Rotate O to highlight the ‘brg?’ next to the frequency you wish to view . 3. Press E to begin viewing restrictions. Once you begin vi[...]

Position page displaying MSA. SEC TION 1 NA V KEY Position Page The same position page displaying ESA. MSA and ESA ar e computed based on data stor ed in the NavData car d. This information cannot be solely r elied upon as an absolute measur e of safe altitude in your ar ea, particularly if the data car d is out of date. Consult curr ent charts and[...]

The position page also features a refer ence waypoint field , located at the bottom of the page, to indicate your bearing and distance from a selected waypoint. The r ef- erence waypoint field can display the following: • Range, bearing and identifier fr om the nearest airport (default), VOR, NDB, intersection, or user waypoint • Range, bearing[...]

Satellite status page with ‘EPE’ displayed. Estimated Position Err or (EPE) gives an overall measur e of your position accuracy in feet or meters. SEC TION 1 NA V KEY Satellite Status Page Satellite status page with ‘DOP’ displayed. Dilution of Pr ecision (DOP) measur es r elative accuracy from 1 to 10. The GNC 250XL ’ s satellite status [...]

T o change the DOP/EPE field: 1. Press N and rotate O to display the satellite status page. 2. If the desired field (EPE or DOP) is not displayed, press C twice. 3. Use K to change between ‘epe’ and ‘dop’. Press C to finish. The receiver status field , located at the top left of the page, can display the fol- lowing messages under various c[...]

Viewing individual satellite information. SEC TION 1 NA V KEY Satellite Data Page The second and third lines of the satellite status page pr ovide the satellite number and signal strength of each satellite in view . The satellite status page shows signal strength for up to eight satellites at a time. If additional satellites are being r eceived an [...]

In addition to the other five pages, the GNC 250XL features two menu pages to perform a host of planning and navigation functions. NA V Menu 1 pr ovides access to the following functions: • T rip Planning • Density altitude/true airspeed calc. • Fuel Planning • Winds aloft calculations • VNA V Planning • Checklists T o display NA V Menu[...]

The density altitude/tr ue airspeed function is also accessed fr om NA V Menu 1. Density altitude is the theoretical altitude at which your air craft will perform depending on several environmental conditions, including air pr essure and total air temperature (the temperature including the heating ef fect of speed, read on a standard outside tem- p[...]

T o per form fuel planning operations: 1. Press N and rotate O until NA V Menu 1 is displayed. 2. Press C twice and rotate O until ‘Fuel Plan?’ is highlighted. Press E . 3. Rotate K to select either ‘wpt’ for direct navigation or the desired route number . Press E . 4. For waypoint-waypoint navigation, use K and O to enter the ‘to’ and [...]

Winds aloft page SEC TION 1 NA V KEY Winds Aloft & VNA V Functions V ertical navigation page The GNC 250XL ’ s winds aloft function is used to calculate the true direction and speed of any winds, and indicates whether you are flying with a head wind or tail wind, and the wind speed. T o calculate winds aloft: 1. Press N and rotate O until NA [...]

Y ou will now notice that the vertical speed has been calculated, based on your present speed. If you desire a mor e rapid climb or descent rate: 8. Use K and O to enter the new desired vertical speed, or press E to accept the calculated value. 9. Press E to activate the vertical navigation function. If you enter a value greater than the value comp[...]

T o execute a checklist: 1. Press N and rotate O until NA V Menu 1 is displayed. 2. Press C twice and rotate O until ‘Chklist?’ is highlighted. Press E . 3. Use O to highlight the checklist you would like to see. Press E . 4. Press E to check off list items. T o delete a checklist item or an entire checklist: 1. T o delete a checklist item, hig[...]

When the count down timer reaches zer o, you will be informed with a ‘T imer expired’ message. The timer will then begin to count up, displaying the time since it expired. The timer runs, if not altered, whenever the GNC 250XL is turned on. The GNC 250XL clock function keeps track of both UTC time (Gr eenwich Mean T ime or Zulu T ime calculated[...]

Enter the time and date for RAIM pr ediction. SEC TION 1 NA V KEY RAIM Prediction RAIM available for the enter ed time, date and waypoint location. The RAIM Prediction function allows you to confirm that GPS coverage is available for a specific location or waypoint any day of the year . R eceiver A utonomous I ntegrity M onitoring performs checks t[...]

The scheduler function will display reminder messages (such as ‘Change oil’, ‘Switch fuel tanks’, ‘Overhaul’, etc) after a specified time has elapsed. For example, if you enter ‘Change oil’ to be displayed in 30 hours, the message ‘Change oil’ will be displayed after the GNC 250XL has been running in Normal mode for 30 hours. Af[...]

Sunrise/sunset planning page showing UTC (Zulu) sunrise and sunset times for ‘KROG’. SEC TION 1 NA V KEY Sunrise/Sunset Calculations 32 The GNC 250XL ’ s sunrise/sunset planning function allows you to calculate the time of sunrise or sunset at any waypoint or your present position for a specified date. T o calculate sunrise and sunset times a[...]

Section 2 Communicating with the GNC 250XL The GNC 250XL features a digital VHF radio that pr ovides a seamless transition from communication to navigation, bringing the two most important functions in fly- ing together in one panel-mount unit. The GNC 250XL operates in the aviation voice band, from 118.000 to 136.975 MHz, in 25 kHz steps. Communic[...]

T o auto-tune from the near est airport page, pr ess E . SEC TION 2 COMM FEA TURES Over view Auto-T uning T o select a frequency fr om a list, highlight the desir ed fr equency and pr ess E . During the course of navigating with the GNC 250XL, there may be times when you need to quickly select a comm frequency while you are entering data in the GPS[...]

T o auto-tune a frequency from a list displayed in the GPS window: 1. Press C twice to activate the cursor in the GPS window . 2. Rotate O to highlight the desired frequency . 3. Press E to make the selected frequency the standby frequency . Another useful feature integrating the GNC 250XL ’ s navigation and communication capabilities is the Navi[...]

The emergency channel (121.50) will appear in the active field by pr essing @ for mor e than two seconds. SEC TION 2 COMM FEA TURES Emergency Channel Selection The GNC 250XL ’ s emergency channel select feature provides a quick method of selecting the 121.5 MHz frequency as the active frequency in the event of an in-flight emergency . The emergen[...]

Section 3 W aypoint and Database Information The GNC 250XL uses a Jeppesen NavData® card to pr ovide position and facility information for thousands of airports, VORs, NDBs and intersections. Each facility in the database is stored as a waypoint with its own latitude/longitude, identifier (up to five let- ters and/or numbers), and other pertinent [...]

The waypoint menu page allows you to select the desir ed waypoint type (or category). SEC TION 3 WP T KEY W aypoint Categories & Menu Page The airport position page shows the position, field elevation and available fuels for the selected airport. The GNC 250XL organizes waypoints into one of five waypoint categories for your convenience. Each w[...]

After a waypoint category is selected, information for a waypoint may be viewed by entering the identifier or name of the desired waypoint. Airports, VORs and NDBs may be entered by either the identifier , name or the location (city) of the facility . Intersections and user waypoints must be entered by the identifier . T o enter a waypoint identifi[...]

If the city or facility name information is too long to fit the scr een, the name will scr oll acr oss the page every few seconds so the complete name can be r ead. SEC TION 3 WP T KEY Airpor t Infor mation The airport position page shows the position, field elevation and available fuel types for the selected airport. Once a waypoint category and i[...]

The GNC 250XL features five airport pages: airport identification— allows entry of desired airport by identifier , facility name or city; displays region and/or country of facility . airport position— allows entry of desired airport by identifier; displays latitude, longitude and elevation; indicates usage and fuel availability; displays availa[...]

SEC TION 3 WP T KEY Airpor t Position Page 1 2 3 6 5 4 The airport position page displays the latitude, longitude and elevation of the selected airport, as well as usage or fuel availability , available approaches and airport control/radar capability . The following descriptions and abbreviations are used on the airport position page: Elevation— [...]

The airport communication page displays the radio fr equencies and usage for the selected airport, as well as sector and altitude restrictions. T o view the communication page from any of the airport information pages: 1. Rotate O with the cursor removed to display the communication page. 2. Rotate K in the direction of the arrow prompt to view add[...]

The airport runway page displays runway designations, length, surface and lighting for the selected airport, as well as ILS/localizer and/or pilot-controlled light- ing frequencies. T o view the runway page from any of the airport information pages: 1. Rotate O with the cursor removed to display the runway page. 2. T o view additional runway inform[...]

VOR Information The GNC 250XL features three VOR waypoint pages: VOR identification— allows entry of desired VOR by identifier , facility name or city; displays region and/or country of facility . VOR position— allows entry of desired VOR by identifier; displays latitude, longitude and frequency; pr ovides magnetic variation, weather broadcasts[...]

NDB Information The GNC 250XL also uses identification, position and comments pages for NDB information. The NDB waypoint pages are used in the same manner as VOR pages: NDB information is accessed by entering the desired facility’ s identifier , city or name (see page 39) on the NDB identification page. T o scroll through the NDB pages: 1. Make [...]

Intersection Information The last database waypoint category available is intersections. T wo intersection pages are available: intersection position and intersection comments. Intersections may be entered by identifier only (not city or name) on either intersection page. T o scroll through the intersection pages: 1. Make sure the cursor is not pre[...]

User W aypoint Information In addition to the airport, VOR, NDB and intersection waypoints contained in your NavData® car d, the GNC 250XL allows you to store up to 1,000 user -defined way- points. Once a user waypoint is cr eated, two user waypoint pages will display the fol- lowing information: • W aypoint identifier • Position in latitude a[...]

If the waypoint identifier entered does not exist, you will be pr ompted to select a method to enter the new waypoint’ s position into memor y . If the waypoint exists (i.e., you’re just reviewing or editing a user waypoint), skip step 4 and move on to the next set of instructions. 4. Select the desired waypoint entry method using O and press E[...]

Entering a user waypoint by r efer encing another waypoint. SEC TION 3 WP T KEY Reference W aypoints T o create a user waypoint fr om your pr esent posi- tion, leave the r efer ence waypoint field blank and enter a bearing and distance from your pr esent position. The GNC 250XL will calculate the new waypoint’ s coordinates automatically . T o en[...]

The GNC 250XL ’ s AutoStore TM function provides another method of creating user waypoints. AutoStore is used to instantly capture your pr esent position as a user waypoint with a touch of a button and add the new waypoint to the end of a specified route if desir ed. T o per form an AutoStore: 1. Press N and rotate O to display the position page [...]

Proximity waypoints page SEC TION 3 WP T KEY Proximity W aypoints Proximity alarm message. Pr essing N will display the position page with the bearing and distance from the pr oximity waypoint indicated on the bottom line. The second page available from the GNC 250XL ’ s W key is the proximity waypoints page . This page allows you to define an al[...]

The third page available fr om the GNC 250XL ’ s W key is the user waypoint list , which can be used to quickly scan, review , rename or delete user waypoints. T o display the user waypoint list: 1. Press W and use O to display the user waypoint list. 2. T o scroll through the list, rotate K . The total number of user waypoints is displayed at th[...]

Entering waypoint comments. SEC TION 3 WP T KEY W aypoint Comments W aypoints with comments page The last page available through the GNC 250XL ’ s W key is the waypoints with comments page , which lists all waypoints that have a user comment. User com- ments may be added to 250 waypoints stored in the user or NavData ® database, and allow you to[...]

The GNC 250XL ’ s extensive waypoint database makes it possible for several way- points to share the same identifier . T o ensure that you are selecting the waypoint desired, the GNC 250XL will always of fer the waypoint confirmation page (which shows the waypoint’ s position) when an identifier is entered for a particular function. T o accept [...]

Possible messages for locked waypoints. SEC TION 3 WP T KEY Locked W aypoints W aypoint Scanning T o blank a waypoint field, highlight the field and pr ess the key . Because the GNC 250XL relies on a NavData car d for most waypoint information, there may be instances when waypoint information is not available for use. Locked waypoints exist when [...]

Section 4 Near est W aypoints The GNC 250XL ’ s T key provides detailed information on the nine near est airports, VORs, NDBs, intersections and user waypoints within 200 nm of your current position. In addition, it will display the two nearest Flight Service Station (FSS) and center (AR TCC/FIR) points of communication, plus alert you to any Spe[...]

The nearest waypoints for other categories (VORs, NDBs, etc.) may be viewed by rotating O . Rotating O continuously to the left will stop page selection on the nearest airport category . The next page available under the GNC 250XL ’ s T key is the SUA (special-use airspace) alert page . The SUA alert page will alert you to as many as nine control[...]

T o view the SUA alert page: 1. Press the T key . 2. Rotate O one stop to the right to view the SUA alert page. The SUA alert page contains the following information: The ‘SUA number’ field displays which SUA you ar e viewing (you may be alerted to up to nine SUAs). SUAs are ranked with ‘sua1’ being the highest priority , and ‘sua9’ bei[...]

SUA alert page SEC TION 4 NRS T KEY SUA Messages Fr equency information for SUA. If the informa- tion is too long to fit on the display , the GNC 250XL will automatically scroll to display the r est of the information. The following SUA types can appear in the SUA type field: Message Airspace T ype alrt - Alert caut - Caution cl B - Class B cl C - [...]

All SUA alert messages except for prohibited ar eas may be turned on or off through the GNC 250XL ’ s unit settings options, found under the M key (see page 84). Alerts for prohibited ar eas will always be displayed, regar dless of unit settings or operating mode. SUA alerts may be turned off so the pilot can avoid continuous alerts in areas with[...]

SEC TION 5 DIREC T-T O & ROU TE NA V Section 5 Dir ect-t o & R out e Navigation One of the many benefits of GPS navigation is the ability to fly directly to a way- point or fly a chain of waypoints without using ground-based navigation aids. T o take advantage of the convenience and efficiency pr ovided by point-to-point GPS naviga- tion, t[...]

The GNC 250XL ’ s direct-to function pr ovides a quick method of setting a course to a destination waypoint. Once a direct-to destination is activated, the GNC 250XL will establish a point-to-point route line along the gr eat circle fr om your present position to the destination and provide steering guidance and navigation data to the waypoint un[...]

The waypoint sequencing field, located at the bottom left of the dir ect-to confirmation page, allows you to ‘hold’ on a selected route waypoint and pr event the GNC 250XL fr om sequencing to the next route waypoint. If you have selected the ‘hold’ setting from the waypoint sequencing field, your selected course will appear at the bottom le[...]

2 1 4 5 3 The GNC 250XL lets you create up to 20 r outes (numbered 0 thr ough 19), with up to 31 waypoints each. Routes are created, copied and edited thr ough the R key , which features two r oute pages selectable from the GNC 250XL ’ s outer knob: the active route page and the route catalog page . The active r oute page pr ovides infor- mation [...]

Selecting the route edit function. SEC TION 5 ROU TES Creating & Editing Routes Adding a waypoint to route 2. The route action field , located at the top right of the page, is used to select the desired r oute operation. The following functions are available: • Activate - activate the route for navigation • Reverse - activate a route in r e[...]

T o delete a waypoint: 1. Rotate O to highlight the waypoint you wish to delete. 2. Press to remove the name, then press E to delete. 3. Repeat steps 1 and 2 to delete additional waypoints, or press C to finish. T o delete an entire route: 1. Use K to display the route number you would like to delete (route 0 for the active route). 2. Press C twi[...]

Calculating closest point of approach. SEC TION 5 ROU TES Copying Routes CP A Function Closest point of approach to ‘TXK’. The route action field also featur es a copy function that permits you to copy any route to another open storage r oute. The copy function can be used to save the con- tents of the active route (r oute 0) to an open storage[...]

The GNC 250XL ’ s search and rescue function pr ovides navigation guidance for search and r escue operations, navigating in a ladder pattern to maximize coverage and efficiency . This is done in reference to two waypoints called ‘anchor waypoints’. The first leg will be a specified distance from the line connecting the anchor waypoints. This [...]

SEC TION 5 ROU TES Parallel T rack Offset Navigation Parallel T rack During route navigation, it is sometimes desirable to navigate a specified distance away from the ‘active leg’ to help avoid certain airspaces or r egions. The GNC 250XL ’ s parallel track feature will automatically guide you along a selected offset from the active leg. Bear[...]

Flying and Modifying the Active Route Once a route has been cr eated and activated, the GNC 250XL will provide naviga- tion to each route waypoint thr ough the active r oute and CDI pages. From the active route page, you may also cr eate and modify the active route. The CDI page will dis- play detailed navigation data on your progr ess to each rout[...]

Active route page with cumulative distance (cum) and desir ed track (dtk) displayed. SEC TION 5 ROU TES Active Route Page Inser ting W aypoints Active route page with leg distance and estimated time enroute displayed. The leg field can be selected to display cumulative distance or the distance for each route leg. If cumulative is selected, the firs[...]

T o delete a waypoint from the active route: 1. Press C twice, if necessary , to activate the cursor . 2. Use O to highlight the waypoint you would like to delete from the active route. 3. Press , followed by E . The next route waypoint (if available) will move up to take the position of the deleted waypoint. The active route page also allows you[...]

As you approach a r oute waypoint, the graphical CDI will be r eplaced by a flashing ‘Next dtk xxxº’ pr ompt indicating the desir ed track of the next leg. When using the map page, the desir ed track r ead- out will flash and indicate the dtk for the next leg. SEC TION 5 ROU TES W aypoint Sequencing If the turn angle and your present speed wil[...]

Section 6 Messages and Unit Settings The GNC 250XL ’ s M key provides access to system messages and allows you to customize the unit to your own preferences thr ough a settings submenu. Whenever the GNC 250XL needs to alert you to a navigation, communication or system message, the annunciator light ( U ) next to the M key will flash. Some message[...]

The GNC 250XL ’ s map page is designed to be a flexible tool that can be custom- tailored to your navigation needs. The map setup page provides access to many of the features and functions that will help you configure the map page to your own preferences. Fr om the map setup page you can set the map orientation, automatic zoom, and specify which [...]

The map setup page also allows you to control whether or not the various way- point types and the identifiers for these waypoints are displayed. Settings for each waypoint type allow you to select the maximum scale at which that feature should be displayed, or you may turn that waypoint type off for all scales. For example, by set- ting ‘VOR’ a[...]

When the ‘auto’ CDI setting is selected, the GNC 250XL will automatically change the CDI scale when you ar e within 30 nm of a departur e or arrival airport. SEC TION 6 UNIT SETTINGS Map Page Setup CDI Settings The ‘auto mag’ setting will automatically calculate the magnetic variation based upon your curr ent position. T o enable/disable ai[...]

The GNC 250XL has three magnetic variation options: true, auto, or user -defined. T o set the magnetic variation: 1. Press and hold M , and use O to display the ‘Mag V ar/Arvl Alarm’ page. 2. Press C twice and use K to select ‘auto mag’, ‘true hdg’ or ‘user mag’. 3. If user is selected, use O to highlight the magnetic variation valu[...]

T o set the minimum runway length and r unway sur face: 1. Press and hold M and use O to display the ‘Nearest apt search’ page. 2. Press C twice and use K and O to enter the minimum runway length upon which your aircraft can land (up to 9999 units). Press E to accept the distance. 3. Rotate K to display the surface selection you desire. Choices[...]

T o change the display contrast settings: 1. Press and hold M and rotate O to show the ‘Display’ page. 2. Press C twice and use K to select ‘auto’ or ‘manual’ control. 3. Press E . 4. If ‘manual’ is selected, use K to set the display constrast level. (If ‘auto’ is selected you may also change the offset level to your preference.[...]

T o change the backlighting intensity: 1. Press and hold M , and rotate O to display the ‘Backlight intensity’ page. 2. Press C twice to highlight the ‘mode’ field. 3. Rotate K to select ‘auto’ or ‘manual’. 4. If ‘manual’ is selected, rotate O to highlight the ‘level’ field, and use K to select the desired backlighting level[...]

The GNC 250XL can be configured to display data in standar d or metric units of measure . These apply to: distance, position, speed, altitude, fuel, pressur e and temperature. T o change the units of measure: 1. Press and hold M and rotate O to display the nav units page. 2. Press C twice and rotate O to highlight the field you would like to change[...]

The Special Use Airspace settings page will allow you to turn the controlled/ restricted airspace message alerts on or of f. This will not affect the alerts listed on the nearest page. It will simply turn off the warning when you are appr oaching or near an SUA. W arnings can be turned on/off for the following airspaces: class B/cta : ICAO control [...]

The NavData card contains over 100 map datums for you to use when navigating. By default, your unit calculates positions using the WGS 84 map datum. If you are using charts based on another datum, you must set the GNC 250XL to use the same datum. Using a map datum that does not match the charts you are using can result in significant differ ences i[...]

I/O page settings SEC TION 6 UNIT SETTINGS I/O Settings The last page available under the GNC 250XL ’ s setup menu is the I/O setup page . The I/O setup page lets you configure the GNC 250XL to input R TCM SC-104 correction data, output to a RS-232 mapping device or a PC (with the optional GARMIN PC Kit or other mapping software) and select the a[...]

APPENDIX A NA VD A T A CARD Saving User Data Data car d warning Appendix A NavData ® and User D ata Installation and Operation The NavData card supplied with your GNC 250XL can be installed or r emoved when the GNC 250XL is on or off. Insert the car d with the thumb tab at the top, and the beveled corner at the bottom. If the NavData card is not p[...]

Data transfer page APPENDIX A NA VD A T A CARD Saving User Data Restor e data page T o restore user data from a user data car d to the GNC 250XL: 1. Install the user data card. 2. Rotate O to highlight ‘Restore user data?’. 3. Press E . The GNC 250XL will ask you which type of data to replace. Y ou may choose checklists, scheduler messages, use[...]

APPENDIX B INS T ALLA TION & MAINTENANCE Appendix B Installation, R emoval and Maint enance of the GNC 250XL The aviation rack is designed to allow easy removal of the GNC 250XL. This enables you to use the unit at home to create r outes, interface to a PC, etc. using an optional AC adapter . T o install the GNC 250XL into the aviation rack: 1.[...]

Operating mode page APPENDIX C SIMULA T OR Selecting the simulator mode. The GNC 250XL ’ s simulator mode allows you to plan and practice flights in your home and office using an optional r emote battery pack or AC adapter . The simula- tor is not accessible when the GNC 250XL is running off the master avionics switch. All waypoint and route plan[...]

APPENDIX C SIMULA T OR Entering an initial position r efer ence. Database Confirmation Page T o enter an initial position reference by waypoint identifier: 1. Rotate O to highlight the waypoint identifier field. 2. Use K and O to spell out the identifier of the desired airport, navaid or user waypoint. 3. Press E to confirm the identifier . The way[...]

APPENDIX D MESS AGES & ABBREVIA TIONS Altitude input fail - The altitude serializer input is not available for the GNC 250XL. Check the I/O settings and/or the serializer installation. If enough satellites are available for a 3D position fix, no pilot action is required, pr oviding no RAIM warnings are pre- sent. If only a 2D fix is possible, t[...]

Configuration reset - The GNC 250XL has detected a failure in its installation configuration memory . Data from the user memory has been used to reset the configuration. Check the installation settings for correctness. If the message persists, the unit is not usable and should be taken to an authorized service center for repair . Data card failed -[...]

Memory battery low - The battery that sustains user memory is low and should be replaced by an authorized GARMIN service center as soon as possible. Failure to do so may result in loss of stor ed data, including all user waypoints and routes. Near SUA < 2 nm - Y our position is within 2 nautical miles of an SUA, and your current course will not [...]

RAIM not available - The GNC 250XL is unable to cross-check its position using RAIM. Y ou may continue to navigate using visual flight rules. Y our position should be verified every 15 minutes using other navigation sources. If you have selected a CDI scale other than ‘Auto’, selecting a lar ger CDI scale may remove the conditions causing this [...]

Searching the sky - The GNC 250XL is in the sear ch-the-sky mode. Allow the unit to complete data col- lection before turning it off. Start altitude chng - The altitude change entered on the VNA V Planning page is about to begin. Steep turn ahead - This message appears appr oximately 90 sec- onds prior to a turn that requires a bank angle in excess[...]

APPENDIX D MESS AGES & ABBREVIA TIONS 97 This section of Appendix D provides a complete list of GNC 250XL abbr eviations and their meanings. AL T - Altitude APP- Approach APR- Approach APT - Airport W aypoint AR TCC- Air Route T raffic Contr ol Center AR V - Arrival A TF- Aerodr ome T raffic Frequency A TS- Automatic T erminal Information Servi[...]

APPENDIX D MESS AGES & ABBREVIA TIONS 98 ILS- Instrument Landing System IG- Imperial Gallons INT - Intersection W aypoint JET A- Jet Fuel - T ype A JET B- Jet Fuel - T ype B KH- Kilometers Per Hour KM- Kilometers KT- Knots LB- Pounds LCL- Local LEN- Length LFOB - Leftover Fuel On Board LFLOW- Left Fuel Flow LOC- Localizer LT - Liters MAG V AR -[...]

APPENDIX D MESS AGES & ABBREVIA TIONS 99 RNWY - Runway RSTCD- Restricted RSV - Reser ves R TE- Route RX- Receive Only SAR- Sear ch And Rescue SEC- Seconds SEQ- Sequence SGL- Signal SLCT - Select SRFC- Surface STR- Steer T o T ACAN- T ACtical Air Navigational Aid T AS- T rue Airspeed TAT - T otal Air T emperature TEMP- T emperature TMA- ICAO T e[...]

APPENDIX E SPECIFIC A TIONS Whenever the GNC 250XL is connected to the optional r emote battery pack and power fr om the master switch is lost, the unit will r evert to battery power . T o continue navigation, pr ess any key when the power down page appears. 100 Appendix E Specifications PHYSICAL Size: 6.25”W x 5.8”D x 2”H (159mm x 147mm x 51[...]

APPENDIX F MAP D A TUMS Appendix F Map Datums 101 ADINDAN Ethiopia, Mali, Senegal, Sudan AFGOOYE Somalia AIN EL ABD 1970 Bahrain Island, Saudi Arabia ANNA 1 ASTRO 1965 Cocos Islands ARC 1950 Botswana, Lesotho, Malawi, Swaziland, Zaire, Zambia, Zimbabwe ARC 1960 Kenya, T anzania ASCENSION IS 1958 Ascension Island ASTRO B4 SOROL A TOLL T ern Island A[...]

APPENDIX F MAP D A TUMS 102 LUZON PHILIPPINES Philippines (excluding Mindanao Isl.) MAHE 1971 Mahe Island MARCO ASTRO Salvage Islands MASSA W A Eritrea (Ethiopia) MERCHICH Morocco MIDW A Y ASTRO 1961 Midway Island MINNA Nigeria NAD27 ALASKA North American 1927- Alaska NAD27 BAHAMAS Bahamas (excluding San Salvador Island) NAD27 CANADA Canada (includ[...]

APPENDIX G INDEX 103 Appendix G Index A Abbreviations 97-99 Accessory list iii Activating a route 67 Activating a route in r everse 67 Active frequency 3, 33 Active to & from waypoints 62 Active route page 71 Adding waypoints to a route 66, 72 Airport comments page 40-41, 54 Airport communications page 43 Airport runway page 44 Airport position[...]

APPENDIX G INDEX 104 Direct-to cancelling 9,63 Direct-to key vii,5,63 Direct-to navigation 62-64 Display contrast 81 Display mode 81 Displaying airports 77 Displaying identifiers 77 Displaying airspace boundaries 78 DOP 20 Downloading data to another GNC 250 87 Duplicate waypoints 55 E Editing routes 66,72 Editing user waypoints 49-50,53 ENT key vi[...]

APPENDIX G INDEX 105 Nearest airport 9,57,79 Nearest SUA 58 Nearest waypoints 9,57 O OBS 74 Offset navigation 70 Orientation 15 Outer knob viii P Packing list iii Parallel track 65,70 Position page 4,11,18-19 Power/volume knob vii Power on (normal) 1 Power off 10 Proximity W aypoints 37,52 R RAIM prediction 30 RAIM protection 78 Radar information 4[...]

APPENDIX G INDEX 106 U Unit settings 75-86 Units of measure 83 User data cards 87 User waypoints 38,48-51,53 V V ertical navigation (VNA V) 26-27 V olume vii,35 VORs 38,45 W W arranty iv W aypoint categories 38 W aypoint comment list 37,54 W aypoint comments page 54 W aypoint confirmation page 55 W aypoint entry 39 W aypoint holding 73-74 W aypoint[...]

250xl manual 2 7/17/98 1:33 PM Page 107[...]

© 1997 GARMIN Corporation 1200 East 1 51st Street Olathe, KS 66062 GARMIN (Europe) L TD Unit 5 , The Quadrangle, Abbey Park Industrial Estate, Romsey , SO51 9AQ, UK W eb Site Address: www .garmin.com Part No. 190-00067-60 Rev . A 250xl manual 2 7/17/98 1:33 PM Page 108[...]