Intel 7190 manual

Intel ® NetStructure™ 7190 Multi-Site Traffic Director User Guide[...]

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Intel® NetS tructure™ 7190 Multi-Site T raffic Director v .3.1.1 User Guide[...]

T echnical Product Notice Informatio n in this docum ent is provided in connec tio n with Intel® products . No license, express or imp lied, by estoppel or o therwise, to any intel lectual pr operty rig hts is granted by this document . Except as provided in Intel’s Term s and Cond i tions of S a le for such produ c ts, Intel assume s no liabil [...]

T able of Content s Chapter 1 Introduction 1 What is an Inte l ® NetS tructure ™ 7190 Multi-Site Director? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Two Versions of the 7190 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 Who Should Use This Book . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [...]

Intel ® NetStr ucture ™ 7190 Multi-Si te Traffic D irector Use r Guide ii Chapter 3 CLI Configuration 17 Custom/Manual Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 Adding Secondary 7190(s) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 Commit the C on[...]

Table of Contents iii Chapter 7 SNMP Su pport 133 Standards Compliance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133 Intel ® MIB Tree . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133 Supported MIBs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [...]

Intel ® NetStr ucture ™ 7190 Multi-Si te Traffic D irector Use r Guide iv Appendix D Terms and Conditions and So ftware License 169 Glossary 177 Support Services 181 Index 185[...]

Intr oduction What is an In tel ® NetS tructure ™ 7190 Multi-Site Director? The Inte l ® NetStruc ture ™ 7190 Mult i-Site Tr affic Direct or is a global site balan cer. It gathers your geo graphical ly disperse d data sites into mu lt iple “ virtua l serv ers, ” thus givi ng you mu ltifacet ed, centrali zed contr ol over widely d istribut[...]

C H A P T E R 1I n t e l ® NetStructure ™ 71 95 Mult i-Site Traffi c Director User Guide 2 Scal ability The 7190 c an work coope r ativel y with up to fifteen o t her 7190s in deployment across sites. A si te may be manag ed by any Int el ® NetStructu re ™ e-Commerce Traffic Director or Intel ® NetStructu re ™ Commerc e Direct or, which ca[...]

C H A P T E R 1 User Guid e Summary 3 • CLI Configuration Instructions on ho w to use the Command Line Interface (CLI) to manually configure additional sites, agents, zo nes, and services. • Multi-S ite Scen arios Descriptio ns of severa l typical multi-sit e challen ges accompanied by their co rresponding 7190 solutio ns • Boot Moni tor An e[...]

C H A P T E R 1I n t e l ® NetStructure ™ 71 95 Mult i-Site Traffi c Director User Guide 4 Notes[...]

Theory of Operations NOTE: Intel L oad Balanc er r efer s to ei ther Intel®Ne tStructure ™ 7180/718 5 e-Commerce Directors or the Intel®Ne tStructure ™ 7140/714 5/7170/7175 Traffic Directors. Typical l oad balancer s work by b alancing t raffic over a Loc al Area Network (L AN) to a Web f arm. The Intel ® NetStru cture ™ 7190 Multi-Sit e T[...]

C H A P T E R 2I n t e l ® NetStructure ™ 71 90 Mult i-Site Traffi c Director User Guide 6 “ Intelligent ” DNS The 7190 leverages the DNS arch itecture a nd protocol as the basis for its site balanci ng operati ons. Based on the informa tion gathered from all sites, the 71 90 re turns the a ddre ss of the site th a t best meets the criteria [...]

C H A P T E R 2 Traditional DNS 7 Multi -S ite Load Ba lancin g Authoritative DNS S ervers The DNS maps, or “ reso lves ” host name s into IP addres ses. It is , in effect, a distribut ed database o peratin g through a d istributed, hierarchical syste m of Domain Name Servers. Thus, if t he local DNS server cannot reso lve a name, it loo ks “[...]

C H A P T E R 2I n t e l ® NetStructure ™ 71 90 Mult i-Site Traffi c Director User Guide 8 4. The client DNS server sends a query to the mst d-ex.com Authoritati ve DNS serv er to resolve www .mstd-ex.com . 5. The Authoritat ive DNS server resp onds to the client DNS server with the IP address of www .mstd-ex.com . 6. The client DNS server re sp[...]

C H A P T E R 2 Typical Configuration 9 Multi-Site T raffic Ma nagement Without NetStructure Load Balancers The 7190 can suppo rt data cent ers, whether or not they have an I ntel Load Balanc er. Without these In tel p roducts, the 7 190 can monitor site service availab ility by u sing an ISV method : • Ping (ICM P) • TCP Open probe • HTTP UR[...]

C H A P T E R 2I n t e l ® NetStructure ™ 71 90 Mult i-Site Traffi c Director User Guide 10 Site Balancing Methods The 7190 su pports six si te-balanci ng metho ds or algorit hms. The operator chooses the met hod most appro priate to the depl oyment to optimize tra ffic volum e , priority , resour ce a v ailabili ty, and the overall desired out [...]

C H A P T E R 2 Site Balancing Methods 11 fulfillm ent of a spec ific type or types of tr affic as being cruc ial to their busi ness goal s. (A vailab le with the 7 140/7170, 7 180 2.3 release.) • Least Connections - The Lea st Connectio ns method sends requests to the si te with l owest number of connectio ns. This method permi ts the most effi [...]

C H A P T E R 2I n t e l ® NetStructure ™ 71 90 Mult i-Site Traffi c Director User Guide 12 load poten tial of the se rv ers undern eath the loa d balancers it monitors. Therefore it al lows the next best thing. For example, i t allows the user to dec lare that if Server A is withi n 2400 connections (80% of maximum) of S erver B, consider refe [...]

C H A P T E R 2 Partial Failure s 13 Status: OK This state indicate s that the require d serv ices behind this serv ice are available on the assoc iated load balancer. The metrics information for this service are current and can b e used for metric loa d balancing. Status: No S ervices This state indic ates that services ot her than the one (s) con[...]

C H A P T E R 2I n t e l ® NetStructure ™ 71 90 Mult i-Site Traffi c Director User Guide 14 Multiple VIP Res ponse The DNS response fr om a 7190 may c ontain multiple answers. Th e number of an swers and wheth er to incl ude stand-by VI Ps can be config ured. Active VIPs are inclu ded first in the response. A st and-by VIP is treated as an activ[...]

C H A P T E R 2 Definitions 15 Primary 7 190 is a 7190 t hat automati cally tr ansfers (copi es) config uratio n informat ion to seco ndary 7190s (through t he Glob al Sync process) . Configurat ion may onl y be changed on a Primary 7190. Service i s the Virtu al IP (V IP) and por t number of an appl ication service availa ble at a site . Authorita[...]

C H A P T E R 2I n t e l ® NetStructure ™ 71 90 Mult i-Site Traffi c Director User Guide 16 Notes[...]

CLI Configuration Custom/Manual Co nfigurat ion You can manually change any spec i fic conf iguration parameters if any of the Quick Start Wizard defaul t settings are not sufficient for your site. It is rec ommended that you use the cust om confi guration met hod only after you h ave co m p leted th e i nitial con figura tio n with the Qu ick Star[...]

C H A P T E R 3 Intel ® NetStructure ™ 7190 Mu lti-Site Tr affic Directo r User Gu ide 18 Sample N etwork Topo logy Adding Secondary 7190(s) Now that the p r imary 7190 is up and running , the additional 7 190s can be e asily added by configur ing them a s secondary 71 90s. They receive all their co nfi guration i nformation from the design ated[...]

C H A P T E R 3 Custom/Manual Configuration 19 NOTE: User-entered names and IP a ddresses in the example are for illus tra tive purp o ses only . The appro priate values for you r inst alla tion m ay vary . # confi g dns s econ dary 10 .54. 67.2 Warnin g: Y our cur rent dns c onfi guratio ns wil l be lost . Are you sur e you wan t to becom e a Sec [...]

C H A P T E R 3 Intel ® NetStructure ™ 7190 Mu lti-Site Tr affic Directo r User Gu ide 20 NOTE: The 7190 must be autho r ita tive for this zone — the ex isting DNS server should delegate the domain t o the 7190. Creating Authority Re cords Next, auth ority re cords for your two 7190s are c r eate d. These sites are used to tel l DNS servers wh[...]

C H A P T E R 3 Custom/Manual Configuration 21 Creating Hosts Next, the host name www.somedomain.xy z- ex.com is creat ed: 7190/c onfig /dns/z ones/ somedo maine x.xyz- ex.com # hostname s cre at e www Create Host name S ucces sful The next step is to map the services www.somedomain.xyz-ex.com to the load bala ncer . T he following assumes the IP a[...]

C H A P T E R 3 Intel ® NetStructure ™ 7190 Mu lti-Site Tr affic Directo r User Gu ide 22 NSLookup The nslookup utility can verify that the 7190 is correctly resolving www.somedomain.xyz-ex.com : Intel 7190# nslook up www.so medom ain.xy z-ex. com Server : ser ver1.x yz-ex .com Addres s: 19 2.168. 16.4 Name: ww w.some domai n.xyz- ex.co m Addres[...]

C H A P T E R 3 Custom/Manual Configuration 23 The number of a dditional answers i n a response ca n be configur ed. The range is from 0 to 15. 7190# c onfig dns z ones somedo main.xy z-ex .com hostna mes w ww add -rec-re spon ses 4 To verify whether multi-VIP stand by is enabled or check the number of addi tional r esponse s, type c onfig dns zone[...]

C H A P T E R 3 Intel ® NetStructure ™ 7190 Mu lti-Site Tr affic Directo r User Gu ide 24 Notes[...]

Multi-Site Scenarios Scenar io 1 One Web site, t wo geog raphical s ites (one s erver each), two 7190s, o ptional 71 10s Intr oduction An e -commerce company with a single Web site ( www.mstd- ex.com ) wants t o expand their sit e to two geo graphicall y dispersed locations so that customers can be referred t o the site that gives them the fastest [...]

C H A P T E R 4I n t e l ® NetStructure ™ 71 90 Mult i-Site Traffi c Director User Guide 26 changed to Flash Response Mode to d eliver the site that has th e least networ k latency to potenti al customers. Part 1 – Initial Configuratio n of a Simple Site Key Concepts: • No Load Balan cers (non -brokered) • ISV • T wo S ites • Configuri[...]

C H A P T E R 4 Scenario 1 27 The 7190 at the westcoasts ite is t he prim ary 7190. Except i n very rare cases th ere should only be one primary 7190. All o ther 719 0s in the network sho uld be secondaries so th ey can slave their configurati ons to the p rimary 7190 . Step 1. Creat e the ISV Groups for each sit e and ass ociate thei r servi ces .[...]

C H A P T E R 4I n t e l ® NetStructure ™ 71 90 Mult i-Site Traffi c Director User Guide 28 impracti cal, so the so lution is to make t he 7190s auth oritative for a zone within th e mstd-ex.com domain, rathe r than for the entire domain. For this exampl e t he au thoritat ive name serv er for the mstd- ex.com domain delegates authori ty of a ne[...]

C H A P T E R 4 Scenario 1 29 Step 5. Map Services to Hostname. DNS is essential ly a means of mapp ing hostna mes to IP ad dresses. The 7190 tak es this mapping one step f urther b y allowing t he mapping of h ostnames to services (IP address a nd service port). In this step the serv ices that were creat ed in Step 1 are mapped to the hostname cre[...]

C H A P T E R 4I n t e l ® NetStructure ™ 71 90 Mult i-Site Traffi c Director User Guide 30 Step 7. Configure the Secondary 7190. Configurat ion of secon dary 7190s is very easy. First you use the Boot Monito r to confi gure the hardwar e and networ k infor matio n (see the chapter on Installa tion, St artup and Configuration ). Th en you choose[...]

C H A P T E R 4 Scenario 1 31 Part 2 – Changing t o Flash Response Mode Balancing Key Concepts: • Flash Response Mode • Associating 71 90s with a sit e Procedure Now that th e 7190 is configu red and functionin g properly i t is time to modify th e configuration to use Flash Resp onse Mode bal ancing instead of Weighted Round Robin. Step 1. A[...]

C H A P T E R 4I n t e l ® NetStructure ™ 71 90 Mult i-Site Traffi c Director User Guide 32 Part 3 – Adding Lo ad Balancers to an Existing Site Key Concepts: • Adding a Load Balanc er (A gent) • Disablin g a Site • Mixture of Brokered and Non-b rokered Sites • Configuri ng for Future Expa nsion • Deleting an ISV Group • Adding and [...]

C H A P T E R 4 Scenario 1 33 ISV Gro ups and Se rvices Step 1. Add the load bal ancers a nd their se rvices to t he 7190 configuration. The 7190 a llows agents (lo ad balancers) and ISV Groups and t heir services to be added pr ior to their availability. Th ey can be added and then designat ed as disabl ed. This pr events any referrals to t he new[...]

C H A P T E R 4I n t e l ® NetStructure ™ 71 90 Mult i-Site Traffi c Director User Guide 34 If a serv ice is disa bled indi viduall y, but th e agent/ISV Gr oup is lef t enabled then n o referrals are made to that service, but communication is attempt ed to the services associ ated agent /ISV Group. config dns agents create west coastb roker ip [...]

C H A P T E R 4 Scenario 1 35 Step 3. Delete the first s ite to transi tion ov er . For th e purpose s of this s cenario, th e eastco astsite conv erts ove r first. By delet in g the site (deletin g the sites ISV Gro up) , th e 7190s makes all new refe rrals to the remai ning sites. In th is case that leaves just t he westcoastsite, sin ce the brok[...]

C H A P T E R 4I n t e l ® NetStructure ™ 71 90 Mult i-Site Traffi c Director User Guide 36 Step 7. Bring th e new “ westco ast bro ker ” hardware on line. After th e commit, the si te known as “ west coastsite ” no lon ger receives traffic fro m new referra ls. It ma y still conti nue to receive some residual traffic from ca ched referr[...]

C H A P T E R 4 Scenario 2 37 Scenar io 2 Multiple sites, server farms , multiple hostna mes, multiple 7190s, g eneric (n ot Intel) lo ad balan cer A large comp a ny with m ul tip le division s wants to inte grate most o f those di vision Web sit es onto server f arms located at two new geograph ically d ispersed data c enters. One d ivision alread[...]

C H A P T E R 4I n t e l ® NetStructure ™ 71 90 Mult i-Site Traffi c Director User Guide 38 • Different Site Co mbina tio ns for Ea c h Hostname • Diff erent Balanci ng Methods f or Eac h Hostname • Associating S ervices with Hostnames Procedure Step 1. Creat e agents for each of the sites b rokere d by Intel load bal ancers and a ssociat [...]

C H A P T E R 4 Scenario 2 39 • Create Site 1 a nd associate se rvices: config dns agents create site 1 ip 1 0.1.1 .2 site1 flash- src 1 0.1.1. 1 flash- backu p- src 10. 1. 1. 3 servic es create 10.1 .1.100 :80 create 10.1 .1.100 :443 create 10.1 .1.102 :21 create 10.1 .1.103 :80 Site 1 Site 1 7190 (se rve rs ) Router ns1.mstd- ex .com 10.1. 1.1 [...]

C H A P T E R 4I n t e l ® NetStructure ™ 71 90 Mult i-Site Traffi c Director User Guide 40 • Create Site 2 a nd associate serv ices: config dns agents create site 2 ip 1 0.1.2 .2 site2 flash- src 1 0.1.2. 1 flash- backu p- src 10. 1. 2. 3 servic es create 10.1 .2.100 :80 create 10.1 .2.100 :443 create 10.1 .2.102 :21 create 10.1 .2.103 :80 Si[...]

C H A P T E R 4 Scenario 2 41 • Create Backup Sit e and associat e services config dns agents create back upsite ip 1 0.1.4. 2 backup site flash- src 1 0.1.4. 1 flash- backu p- src 10. 1. 4. 3 servic es create 10.2 .4.100 :80 create 10.2 .4.100 :443 create 10.2 .4.102 :21 create 10.2 .4.103 :80 Backup Si te Backup Sit e 7190 (ser vers ) Route r 7[...]

C H A P T E R 4I n t e l ® NetStructure ™ 71 90 Mult i-Site Traffi c Director User Guide 42 Step 2 . Create ISV Group for the generic (not Intel) brokered site and associate it s service . This site is a le gacy site wi th a generic loa d ba la ncer. The 7190 c a n functio n qu ite well in th is environm e nt, but is not able to obtain metric i [...]

C H A P T E R 4 Scenario 2 43 Site 3 Step 3. Creat e the deleg ated zones f or the hostnames a nd the auth ority recor ds for e ach zone. Since 7190s are dep l oyed at ever y site there is no reason to not ut ilize all of them to their fu ll capab ilities . All tha t is requ ired to d o this is to make all of the 7190s authoritat ive fo r both zone[...]

C H A P T E R 4I n t e l ® NetStructure ™ 71 90 Mult i-Site Traffi c Director User Guide 44 create -auth or ity ns5 .m st d-ex .c om ip 10. 1. 1.5 config dns zones create div2 .mstd- ex.co m div2.m std-e x.com create -auth or ity ns1 .m st d-ex .c om ip 10. 1. 1.1 create -auth or ity ns2 .m st d-ex .c om ip 10. 1. 1.2 create -auth or ity ns3 .m [...]

C H A P T E R 4 Scenario 2 45 balan cing (Ric h Mode) can p l ace a heavy burden on the loa d balancer s. This is i deal fo r balancing by CPU Utilization. L ayer 4 load bal ancing is t ypicall y many short du ration connectio ns. In this case response t ime can be used as a di rect measure of t he actual se r ver farms load in g. This is ide a l f[...]

C H A P T E R 4I n t e l ® NetStructure ™ 71 90 Mult i-Site Traffi c Director User Guide 46 map site1 :10. 1. 1.102 :2 1 map site2 :10. 1. 2.102 :2 1 map backu psit e: 10.1. 4. 10 2:21 backup site: 10.1.4 .102: 21 sta ndby Step 5. Add host f or second zone and map it s services. config dns zone s div 2.ms td -e x.com hos tnam es create www www m[...]

Boot Monitor The Intel 7190 Boot M onito r Command Li ne Int erface (CLI) allows you to co nfigur e boot opt ions and manag e boot configurat ion file s. Typicall y, the Boot Monit or is us ed only d uring in iti al confi gurati on or major re configur ations, shoul d the latt er become necessa ry. Day- to-day operati ons are managed wi th the CLI.[...]

C H A P T E R 5I n t e l ® NetStructure ™ 71 90 Mult i-Site Traffi c Director User Guide 48 System Re quire m e nt s You can use any terminal or personal computer with a terminal emulator as the CLI comman d station. The terminal must have t he following feat ures: • 9600 bits per second , 8 data bits, 1 sto p bit no p arity , no flow control.[...]

C H A P T E R 5 Boot Monitor Command Reference 49 Command Description autoboot Use t his command t o enable or di sable the Autoboot f unction . When Autoboot is enable d, during st artup th e 7190 prompts you to pr ess a key to ente r the Boot Monitor command l ine interface. If yo u ignore th e prompt, startup conclud es with the 7190 in normal o[...]

C H A P T E R 5I n t e l ® NetStructure ™ 71 90 Mult i-Site Traffi c Director User Guide 50 boot NOTE: User- entered na m es and IP addresses in the example are for illus trative p urposes only . The appropriat e values for your install ation may vary. This command boots the 7190 using a specified con figuration . Example: monitor> boot Curre[...]

C H A P T E R 5 Boot Monitor Command Reference 51 dir This command displays the l ist of saved boot co nfiguration files. Example: monitor> dir File name ----------- *default.cfg dhcp This command allows you to enabl e or disa ble the use of DHCP by the 7190. When DHCP is enabled, the 7190 receives i ts configura tion parameters from the DHCP se[...]

C H A P T E R 5I n t e l ® NetStructure ™ 71 90 Mult i-Site Traffi c Director User Guide 52 factory_ reset NOTE: factory _reset does not delete saved config uratio n files. CAUTION: This command rewrites the de fa ult config uratio n to the defaul t.cf g config uration file. This comma nd resets system to factory defa ults. V alues affected by t[...]

C H A P T E R 5 Boot Monitor Command Reference 53 help This command lists all Boot Monit or commands or op tionall y display s syntax for a speci fied command. Example: monitor> help autoboot Enable or disable autoboot boot Boot saved configuration delete Delete a saved configuration file dhcp Use DHCP to configure system dir Directory of saved [...]

C H A P T E R 5I n t e l ® NetStructure ™ 71 90 Mult i-Site Traffi c Director User Guide 54 info This command displays the c urrent boot conf iguratio n. Example: monitor> info Current active configuration ---------------------------- Product: 7190 Version: 3.0 Patch Level: 0.0 Build: D18 ---------------------------- Current time: Thu Mar 31 [...]

C H A P T E R 5 Boot Monitor Command Reference 55 netmask Use th is c ommand to specify the n e tmask. Example: monitor> netmask Enter Netmask [255.255.254.0] ---> 255. 255.254.0 nic Use this command to co nfigure network interface card (NIC) paramete rs. Assur ance of compatibility with some older switches, hub s, or routers, may req uire th[...]

C H A P T E R 5I n t e l ® NetStructure ™ 71 90 Mult i-Site Traffi c Director User Guide 56 settime NOTE: Flash does not work corr ect ly if settime is not config ur ed. Use this comman d to config ure the da te and ti me of the 7190. One way to configur e this is by using the Network T ime Proto col (NTP). The user is promp ted if NTP sh ould b[...]

C H A P T E R 5 Boot Monitor Command Reference 57 setup This command init iates the set up proced ure of the 7 190. The system displays promp ts for all inputs n e cessary to init ia li ze system. Example: monitor> setup Auto config NIC card? [n] ---> y Done Ether config: auto Enter hostname [nsb-9] ---> Autoboot? [enable] ---> Enable D[...]

C H A P T E R 5I n t e l ® NetStructure ™ 71 90 Mult i-Site Traffi c Director User Guide 58 Notes[...]

CLI Reference The Inte l ® NetStruc ture ™ 7190 Multi-Site Tra ffi c Director is fully configurable through the Command Line Interface (CLI). Th e CLI is accessible either through Telnet to t he 7190, or the serial port. Commands exist in a logical hi erarchy. This chapt er contains a summary command list, i llustrations of the c ommand tree str[...]

C H A P T E R 6I n t e l ® NetStructure ™ 71 90 Mult i-Site Traffi c Director User Guide 60 CTRL-A Move inse rtion poi nt to begi nnin g of line CTRL-B Move inserti on point back one char acter CTRL-C Prompts t o stop the currently running f unction CTRL-D Delete character und er cursor CTRL-E Move inse rtion poi nt to end of line CTRL-F Move in[...]

C H A P T E R 6 Environment 61 Command H istory The 7190 ’ s CLI records recent ly executed comman ds and allows you to revie w th em. history <n> With no parameter <n > specified, histor y displa ys the last ten commands en tered by the use r. The in teger <n> specifies the history index number . When <n> is specified on [...]

C H A P T E R 6I n t e l ® NetStructure ™ 71 90 Mult i-Site Traffi c Director User Guide 62 • T ype help < command> for a descri ption of a speci fic command or , if relevant , a list of sub-commands you can en ter from wit hin <comma nd> . • T ype ? to display a path lis t of command s and parameter s available from the current [...]

C H A P T E R 6 CLI Command Summary 63 CLI Command Summary This sec tion co ntains d iagrams a nd list s of the 7190 ’ s CLI commands categor ized by f unction. Compl ete deta ils of CLI c ommands appear in the command reference sec tion of this chapter. Object s and Parameters The foll owing f igures illu strate th e show and config branches of [...]

C H A P T E R 6I n t e l ® NetStructure ™ 71 90 Mult i-Site Traffi c Director User Guide 64 Command Tree (Config) info ROOT confi g inf o stat s log prim ary seco ndary dns stats info creat e delete rename hostnames stats info vips ttl me th od aut hori ty add- rec-r esponses m ul ti-vi p-s ta nd by dis a bl e multi-v ip -stan dby e nabl e <h[...]

C H A P T E R 6 CLI Command Summary 65 Global Syste m Commands ? !<n> o r h<n > !! … | grep … | more arp back ( also box, t op, t opleve l) box (al so back, to p , toplevel) commit all commit loca l clears tats dbpr exit ( also logout , qui t) halt help histor y info logout (als o exit , qui t) netsta t nslook up ping quit (als o ex[...]

C H A P T E R 6I n t e l ® NetStructure ™ 71 90 Mult i-Site Traffi c Director User Guide 66 File Management Commands cat copy dir get put remove restore restore-verbose save CLI Commands NOTE: The conf ig in fo commands displ ay uncommitted config uration informatio n that is inactive. The show info commands displ ay the active c onfiguration in[...]

C H A P T E R 6 CLI Command Summary 67 software delete software install secondary info secondary any secondary flash secondary list secondary create <IP> secondary delete <IP> ssh info ssh enable ssh disable wizard info wizard enable wizard disable SNMP Commands config sys snmp info auto-t opolo gy <en able| disabl e> port < #&[...]

C H A P T E R 6I n t e l ® NetStructure ™ 71 90 Mult i-Site Traffi c Director User Guide 68 log primar y second ary config dns agents info stats metric s metric s <IP addre ss> p ort <p ort#> create <age ntname > ip <IP ad dress > delete <age ntname > rename <age ntname > new <agen tname > config dns age[...]

C H A P T E R 6 CLI Command Summary 69 config dns agents <age ntname > ser vices <servi cenam e> info stats enable disabl e standb y weight factor config dns isvgro ups info create <isv name> delete <isv name> rename <isv name> new < isvnam e> config dns isvgro ups < isvnam e> info stats enable disabl e int[...]

C H A P T E R 6I n t e l ® NetStructure ™ 71 90 Mult i-Site Traffi c Director User Guide 70 config dns isvgro ups < isvnam e> se rvices <servi cenam e> info stats enable disabl e standb y weight method <pro bemeth od> url <url> config dns zones info stats create <zon ename> delete <zon ename> rename <zon en[...]

C H A P T E R 6 CLI Command Summary 71 confi g dns zones <zo nename > hostname s <hostn ame> sitese rvice s info stats map unmap confi g dns zones <zo nename > hostname s <hostn ame> sitese rvice s <s itese rv ic enam e> info stats enable disabl e standb y weight factor config dns flash info enable disabl e aliasi ng m[...]

C H A P T E R 6I n t e l ® NetStructure ™ 71 90 Mult i-Site Traffi c Director User Guide 72 Show Commands show c li in fo show s ys info date ntp info second ary i nfo snmp i nfo ssh info logs d ispla y logs d ispla y-old softwa re info wizard info show d ns info flash inf o stats info a ll stats all status show d ns zo nes info stats show dns z[...]

C H A P T E R 6 CLI Command Summary 73 show dns zo nes <z one name > ho st names <ho stnam e> sitese rvice s info stats show dns zo nes <z one name > ho st names <ho stnam e> sitese rvice s <s itese rv ic enam e> info stats show d ns ag ents info stats metric s show d ns ag ents < agent name> info stats metric s [...]

C H A P T E R 6I n t e l ® NetStructure ™ 71 90 Mult i-Site Traffi c Director User Guide 74 Global System Com mands Command Description ? Displays all the commands at the co mmand level. ! (also h, hist ory ) Displays the co mmand history . Syntax: !<n> where: n is the command index n umber from hist ory list. !! Repeats the last command. [...]

C H A P T E R 6 CLI Command Summary 75 dbpr Displays i nformation on th e active configurat ion down to th e agent VIP l evel. This command is useful for assessing the effectiveness of the c urr ent balan c in g settings. Op tions consist of a hyphen and letter followed b y a user -specifi ed paramet er or para meters. Syntax : dbpr [hos t | agen t[...]

C H A P T E R 6I n t e l ® NetStructure ™ 71 90 Mult i-Site Traffi c Director User Guide 76 dbpr (cont ’ d) Displays a sing le VIP- the one associated with host www .foo- ex.com whose IP address is 10.234 .2.2 and is o n the load ba lancer at 192.16 8.16.3:1999 -c causes the referral st atistics associated with all displayed VIPs to be cleared[...]

C H A P T E R 6 CLI Command Summary 77 info Informatio n is display ed o n e page at a time if th e file size is greater than 500 K even when mor e ( ‘ paging ’ ) is di sabled. Thi s info command (at the r oot le vel) displays only current config urations, i .e., ‘ committ ed ’ ch an ge s (p erf o r med in t he Config branch). This is the s[...]

C H A P T E R 6I n t e l ® NetStructure ™ 71 90 Mult i-Site Traffi c Director User Guide 78 n e ts ta t Displays the 7190 ’ s r o utin g tabl es. ping T ests the networ k connec tion to another net working dev i ce. It sends an I CMP packet from th e 7 190 to the tar get device; when i t receive s the packet, it sends a ping reply . When the 7[...]

C H A P T E R 6 CLI Command Summary 79 Fil e Mana geme nt Com mands tracerou te Displays th e route t hat packets trav el to the netw ork ho s t. who Displ ays the list o f all users currentl y logged i n. Command Description Global System C ommands Command Description cat Displays co ntents of the specif ied saved co nfigurat ion fi le. Syntax: ca[...]

C H A P T E R 6I n t e l ® NetStructure ™ 71 90 Mult i-Site Traffi c Director User Guide 80 put T ransfers a configuration to th e spec ified re m ote file or di rect ory . If the remote-directory form is used, the remote host is assumed to be a UNIX device. Beca use the TFTP proto col has no user - login o r validat ion, sites empl oying it typ[...]

C H A P T E R 6 CLI Command Summary 81 Configurati on Comman ds Config CLI Commands save NOTE: Username commands are not vali d i n config uration f iles, i.e., save and restor e operatio ns do not i nclude username da ta. Use the command conf ig cli userna me to restore user names and passwords. Saves the current CLI configuration to a fi le of th[...]

C H A P T E R 6I n t e l ® NetStructure ™ 71 90 Mult i-Site Traffi c Director User Guide 82 info Displays th e status of all v ariables at th e conf ig cli le vel. Information displa yed: • Number of concurrent telnet sessions allowed • Root pro mpt • Number of l ogin att empts allo wed • More ( ‘ pagi ng ’ enable d/disabled) • Num[...]

C H A P T E R 6 CLI Command Summary 83 more NOTE: If inf ormat ion is greater than 500, 000 bytes, the di splay i s automate d to display one p age at a time. This pagi ng command al lows you t o set sc rolling o f the out put display to one pa ge at a ti me or to cont inuous display . Syntax: config cli more [enable | disable] where: enable allows[...]

C H A P T E R 6I n t e l ® NetStructure ™ 71 90 Mult i-Site Traffi c Director User Guide 84 telnet-ses sions NOTE: If you set the number of sessions t o 0, you a re dis ablin g all future Telnet sessions to the 7190 . To reset Telnet, you must access the de vice throug h the serial port and l ogin, then chan ge the Telnet session coun t from 0, [...]

C H A P T E R 6 CLI Command Summary 85 config cli username NOTE: Username commands are not vali d i n config uration f iles, i.e., save config and re store config ope rations do n ot include userna m e data. Add, change, o r delete the login or password. T he defaul t user name, “ admin ” cannot be de leted. Syntax: T o delete a user : config c[...]

C H A P T E R 6I n t e l ® NetStructure ™ 71 90 Mult i-Site Traffi c Director User Guide 86 Config Sys Commands Command Description config sys Changes the prompt lev el to the System Con fig branch. info NOTE: The d efa ult ro ute is the same as th e defaul t gate way. Displays the 7 190 ’ s current system information . For example: System Id:[...]

C H A P T E R 6 CLI Command Summary 87 config sys sof tware info Displays a ll i mages tha t h ave bee n inst alled in th e 7190. This include s the index number , the produ ct name, the v ersion n umber , the patch number , the build number and the word “ Running ” next to the image that is current ly active on the 7190. For example: Index Pro[...]

C H A P T E R 6I n t e l ® NetStructure ™ 71 90 Mult i-Site Traffi c Director User Guide 88 config sys sof tware delete Delete old versions of the software from local storage. It can be used to fr ee local st orage to install a version update or product upgrade. Syntax: config sys software delete <index> where: index is a valid index nu mb[...]

C H A P T E R 6 CLI Command Summary 89 config sys ssh info Displays the current status of SSH enable or d i sable. If the statu s was just changed, it reflects the changed status that is pending for the reboot . ssh enab le Enables SSH con nections the n ext time the box is reb ooted. ssh disable Disables SSH conn ections the next time the b ox is [...]

C H A P T E R 6I n t e l ® NetStructure ™ 71 90 Mult i-Site Traffi c Director User Guide 90 Config Sys SNMP Commands Command Description config sys snmp Changes the prompt level to confi g sys sn mp . info Displays information ab out SNMP agent port, sysContact, sysName, sysLo cation and auto-topol ogy port Allows you t o specify the port on wh [...]

C H A P T E R 6 CLI Command Summary 91 Command Description community c reate Specifies community st rings that the 71 90 accepts on i ncoming SNMP requests. Up t o 10 community st rings can be created . Syntax: config sys snmp community create <string> ip [<IP address>|any] rights [ro|rw] where string is the name of the community you wi[...]

C H A P T E R 6I n t e l ® NetStructure ™ 71 90 Mult i-Site Traffi c Director User Guide 92 Config DNS Commands Command Description trap delete Deletes a host fro m the trap receiver li st. Syntax: config sys snmp trap delete <ip address> community <community string> where ip address is t he IP address o f the host yo u wish to delet[...]

C H A P T E R 6 CLI Command Summary 93 info all Displays a ll DN S informa tion. For example: DNS Information Running as a Primary Logging is Disabled Flash Information: Flash State: Disabled Aliasing : Disabled Polling Interval: 10 Number of Polls: 100 Max Broadcast Delay: 500 Drop Mis ses: 3 Agent: 10.1.2.8 State: Enabled Metrics Interval:30 Metr[...]

C H A P T E R 6I n t e l ® NetStructure ™ 71 90 Mult i-Site Traffi c Director User Guide 94 config dns st ats Di splays the stat us of this 71 90 and any con nected seconda r y 7190s. For example: Queries: 0 Queries/Sec: 0 Avg Queries/Sec: 0 Referrals: 0 Refused: 0 Unknown Zones:0 Unknown Hosts: 0 Malformed: 0 Unsupported: 0 Queries - T otal num[...]

C H A P T E R 6 CLI Command Summary 95 log NOTE: Enabling log ging may reduce th e speed of DNS resolutions. Enables o r disables l ogging. When loggi ng is enabl ed, th e DNS server lo gs detail s of the inc oming qu eries, the ba lancing process for VIP se lection, and the query response to the log fil e. Default: disabled. Syntax: config dns log[...]

C H A P T E R 6I n t e l ® NetStructure ™ 71 90 Mult i-Site Traffi c Director User Guide 96 Config DNS Agent s Commands Command Description info Displays t he confi guration i nformatio n of all agents in the 719 0. Each 7190 may have up to 16 agent s configu red. For example: Agent : 10.1.2.8 State : Enabled Metr ics Inte rval: 30 Metric s Ti m[...]

C H A P T E R 6 CLI Command Summary 97 config dns agent s metrics Displays metrics information of all configured agents. If an IP address and a po rt number are specified , metrics for that a gent is obta ined. config dns agents metrics <ip address> p ort <port> where an optional agent IP add ress port can be specifi ed, otherwise a ll [...]

C H A P T E R 6I n t e l ® NetStructure ™ 71 90 Mult i-Site Traffi c Director User Guide 98 config dns agent s rename <agentname> ne w <agentname> Changes the agent ’ s curre nt name to th e name sp ecified in the command li ne. Syntax: config dns agents rename <agentname> n ew <agentname> where: agentn ame (1) is the c[...]

C H A P T E R 6 CLI Command Summary 99 config dns agent s <agentname> metrics Displays me tric informat ion for the sp ecified agen t. Syntax: config dns agents <agentname> metrics where: agentn ame is the name of the agent whose metrics you want to display . Information displa yed: • Agent name • Agent V ersi on Number (s oftware v[...]

C H A P T E R 6I n t e l ® NetStructure ™ 71 90 Mult i-Site Traffi c Director User Guide 100 config dns agent s <agentname> flash-s rc <ip address> NOTE: At least one of t he (up to 5) uniq ue flash- source addresses must be the IP ad dress of the 7190 itself. Configures the IP address of the peer flash sources. These include the IP [...]

C H A P T E R 6 CLI Command Summary 101 agent-ip <agentip> Configures the IP address of the co rr esponding agen t name. enable Enables communicatio n with the agen t. Default: en abled. disable Disables the agent. Se r vices con figu red un der t hese a gents are n o longer ava ilable for re so lution. config dns agent s <agent name> s[...]

C H A P T E R 6I n t e l ® NetStructure ™ 71 90 Mult i-Site Traffi c Director User Guide 102 enable Enab le s all service s fo r all hosts whic h c urrently m a p to them . disable Disables a ll se rvices for a ll h osts which c urrently map to them. st andby Places on standby all services for al l hosts which curren tly map to them. config dns [...]

C H A P T E R 6 CLI Command Summary 103 Config DNS ISV Group s Command st andby Sets the mode of a service t o standby for a ll hosts that currently map to it . Command Description Config DNS A gents Command s Command Description config dns isvgroup s Moves to th e co nfig dn s is vg ro ups command level. config dns isvgroup s info Displays conf ig[...]

C H A P T E R 6I n t e l ® NetStructure ™ 71 90 Mult i-Site Traffi c Director User Guide 104 config dns isvgroup s <isvname > Move t o the c ommand level of a spe cific ISV g roup. info Displays inform ation of t he ISV group specified by the ISV name. For example: isvgroups isv2 info Displays: ISV Group: isv2 State: Enabled Probe Interval[...]

C H A P T E R 6 CLI Command Summary 105 flash-back up-port <port#> Confi gures the port numb er with which the backup f lash sour ce communic ates with its k nown peers. The de fa ult port num ber is 2000. config dns isvgroup s <isvname > ser vice s Moves to th e ISV services c ommand le vel. info Displays configured i nformation of all[...]

C H A P T E R 6I n t e l ® NetStructure ™ 71 90 Mult i-Site Traffi c Director User Guide 106 Config DNS Zones Commands info Displays in formation, a nd limits inform a tion to on e specified service. For example, a display coul d be: Service: 10.10.9.8:80 Service IP: 10.10.9.8 Service Port: 80 Probe Method: none st ats Di splays statistical info[...]

C H A P T E R 6 CLI Command Summary 107 config dns zones info Displays the n ames of all confi gured zones und er this 7190. T o display the names of committed z ones only , use the command show dn s zones info . Example: Zone: zone1.com Authority Records TTL: 86400 Zone: zone2.com Authority Records TTL: 86400 config dns zones st ats Di splays the [...]

C H A P T E R 6I n t e l ® NetStructure ™ 71 90 Mult i-Site Traffi c Director User Guide 108 delete NOTE: This command also del etes all h osts and VIPs conf igured under t he zone to b e deleted. Deletes the sp ecified zone fro m the zone list. Syntax: config dns zones delete <zonename> where: zonena me is the name of th e zone you wish t[...]

C H A P T E R 6 CLI Command Summary 109 config dns zones st ats Di splays the statisti cal information of t he specified zone . Syntax: config dns zones <zonename> stats where: zonena me is the name of the zone whose statistical information you wish to vi ew . Example: Zone: mysite-ex.com Queries: 0 Referrals: 0 Host: host1.com Queries: 0 Ref[...]

C H A P T E R 6I n t e l ® NetStructure ™ 71 90 Mult i-Site Traffi c Director User Guide 110 config dns zones <zonename> authority- ttl NOTE: If all aut hority records are delet ed under a specified zon e, the auth or i ty TTL is res e t to the defa ult of 7200 seconds (two hours). Specifies the Time to Live (TTL) for authority records co [...]

C H A P T E R 6 CLI Command Summary 111 config dns zones <zonename> hostnames st ats Displays sta ti stics inform a tion of a ll h osts confi gured u nde r the specifi ed zone. Each hostname with its corr esponding nu mber of resolution s is displayed. Syntax: config dns zones <zonename> hostnames stats where: zonena me is the name of t[...]

C H A P T E R 6I n t e l ® NetStructure ™ 71 90 Mult i-Site Traffi c Director User Guide 112 config dns zones <zonename> hostnames dele te < atypeh ostn ame> Deletes the spe cified host under th e specified zone. Al l VIPs configured under t he specified host are d eleted as well. Syntax: config dns zones <zonename> hostnames d[...]

C H A P T E R 6 CLI Command Summary 113 config dns zones <zonename> hostnames <hostname> info Displays the sp ecified host ’ s configurat ion information. Syntax: config dns zones <zonename> hostnames <hostname> info where: zonena me is the name of the z one of th e host whose config uratio n informat ion you wish to view [...]

C H A P T E R 6I n t e l ® NetStructure ™ 71 90 Mult i-Site Traffi c Director User Guide 114 ttl Configures the Ti me to Live (TTL ) value, in se conds, for the specified z one/host. TTL is exp ressed an integer great er than or equal t o zero and less t han or equ al to 65,535. Syntax: config dns zones <zonename> hostnames <hostname>[...]

C H A P T E R 6 CLI Command Summary 115 authority If enabl ed, desig nates this 7190 as authoritative for t he specifi ed host. Defaul t: enabl ed. Syntax: config dns zones <zonename> hostnames <hostname> authority [enable|disable] where: zonena me is the name of th e zone in whi ch the hos t is located for which this 7 190 is to b e au[...]

C H A P T E R 6I n t e l ® NetStructure ™ 71 90 Mult i-Site Traffi c Director User Guide 116 map <site servicename> Maps the co mbination of an agent and a service or an ISV name and service with the speci fied hostn ame. sitese rvic ename = agentname:vip:port or sitese rvic ename = isv name: v ip:por t unmap < site servicename> Remo[...]

C H A P T E R 6 CLI Command Summary 117 Config DNS Flash Commands Command Description config dns flash Moves to the f lash command level. config dns flash info Displays fl ash config uratio n informat ion. For example: Flash Information: Flash State: Disabled Aliasing: Dis abled Polling Interval: 10 Number of Pol ls: 100 Max Broadcast Delay: 500 Dr[...]

C H A P T E R 6I n t e l ® NetStructure ™ 71 90 Mult i-Site Traffi c Director User Guide 118 config dns flash max-delay Sets the maximum time delayed befor e a response is returne d, setting th e maxi mum to lerated network la tency betwe en peer Flash agen ts. Default va lue is 5000 ms. R ange is 0 to 30,000ms. Syntax: config dns flash max-dela[...]

C H A P T E R 6 CLI Command Summary 119 Show C omman ds Command Description show cli info Displays the CL I configurat ion. Information displa yed: • Number of concurrent T e l net sessions allowed • Root pro mpt • Number of l ogin att empts allo wed • More ( ‘ pagi ng ’ enable d/disabled) • Number of screenlines • Syst em ID • CL[...]

C H A P T E R 6I n t e l ® NetStructure ™ 71 90 Mult i-Site Traffi c Director User Guide 120 show sys snmp info Displays the status of th e SNMP-related variables. Informati on displaye d: • SNMP (ena bled/ disabled) • Auto-topo logy (enabled/ disabl ed) • SNMP agent port • SysNa me • SysContact • SysLocation logs display Displays th[...]

C H A P T E R 6 CLI Command Summary 121 sof tware info Displays informati on regarding installed software. The list of i nstalled sof tware ima g es includ e s: • Image index n umber of each instal led version • Product de scription of each install ed version • V ersion nu m ber of eac h install ed versi on • Patch numb er, i f any • Buil[...]

C H A P T E R 6I n t e l ® NetStructure ™ 71 90 Mult i-Site Traffi c Director User Guide 122 flash info Displays fl ash informat ion, incl udin g whether fl ash aliasin g is on or off. S ee con fig dn s fl ash spoof for information. Flash Information: Flash State: Disabled Aliasing: Di sabled Polling Interval: 10 Number of Po lls: 100 Max Broadc[...]

C H A P T E R 6 CLI Command Summary 123 show dns st ats Di splays DNS statistical information: • Queries - T otal number of DNS queri es received. • Referrals - T otal numbe r of times t hat a p articular serv ice or group of servic es have been returned as t h e answer to a query . • Unkno wn Zones - T otal numb er of qu erie s rec eiv ed fo[...]

C H A P T E R 6I n t e l ® NetStructure ™ 71 90 Mult i-Site Traffi c Director User Guide 124 show dns zones info Displays the n ames of all commi tted zone s of this 7190, and th e T ime-to-Live (TTL) of their authority records. For example: Zone: mysite-ex.com Authority Records TTL: 86400 st ats Di splays the stat istics on al l zones co mmitte[...]

C H A P T E R 6 CLI Command Summary 125 st ats Di splays all th e hostnames and their n u mber of queries and referrals. Syntax: show dns zones <zonename> hostnames st ats Information displa yed: Host: host1.com Queries: 0 Referrals: 0 show dns zones <zonename> hostnames <hostname> info Displays c om mitted h o stname, the load ba[...]

C H A P T E R 6I n t e l ® NetStructure ™ 71 90 Mult i-Site Traffi c Director User Guide 126 st ats Di splays statistics for al l committed agents . Syntax: show dns agents stats Information displa yed: Agent: loa d1 (Ve rsio n 45.0 .0.0 ) State: Con nected CPU Util: 5% Connec tions/ Sec: 0 Agent : load2 (Ver sion Unk nown) State: Con nected CPU[...]

C H A P T E R 6 CLI Command Summary 127 show dns agent s metrics <agentname> por t <port #> Displays metrics for t he specified unconfigured agent. If specified agent does not exist or if a con nection ca nnot be esta blishe d, an error message appears. Syntax: show dns agents metrics <agent ip> por t <port#> Information dis[...]

C H A P T E R 6I n t e l ® NetStructure ™ 71 90 Mult i-Site Traffi c Director User Guide 128 show dns agent s <agentname> info Displays in fo rmation abo u t the speci fie d agent. Information displa yed: Agent: loa d1 State: En ab le d Me tr ic s In te rv al :3 0 Me tr ic s Ti me ou t: 15 Agent IP : 1 0. 1. 2. 8 Agent Po rt : 19 99 Prima [...]

C H A P T E R 6 CLI Command Summary 129 show dns agent s <agentname> metrics Displays metric s information for a single spe ci fied agent . Syntax: show dns agents <agentname> metrics Information di spl a yed is: • Agentname • Agent V ersion Number • Agent S tate • CPU Utilizati on • A verage Connections pe r Second • All se[...]

C H A P T E R 6I n t e l ® NetStructure ™ 71 90 Mult i-Site Traffi c Director User Guide 130 show dns agent s <agentname> metrics <ip addres s> port <port#> Displays metrics for t he specified unconfigured agen t. If specified agent does not exist or if a con nection ca nnot be esta blishe d, an error message appears. Syntax: s[...]

C H A P T E R 6 CLI Command Summary 131 show dns isvgroup s info Displays the l ist of all ISV groups, their states, flash in f ormation, probe information an d the services c onfigured for them. For example: ISV Grou p: isv 2 State : Enabled Pr obe Inte rval:30 Pr obe Time out:15 Primar y Fl ash Sr c:10 .1.1.1 Pri mary F lash P ort: 2000 Backup Fl[...]

C H A P T E R 6I n t e l ® NetStructure ™ 71 90 Mult i-Site Traffi c Director User Guide 132 show dns isvgroup s <isvname > ser vice s <svcna me> info Displays service info rmation for the speci fic service under t he specific ISV Group. st ats Di splays service stati stics for the specific service under the specifi c ISV Group. For [...]

SNMP Support The Inte l ® Ne tS tructure ™ 7190 Multi-Sit e Traffic Di rector has a fully complian t , embedded SNMP agent t hat supports SNMPv1 and SNMPv 2 requests. In addition to standa rd MIB-II, Intel private enterprise MIBs provide th e capab ilities t o mon itor the pe rfo rmance and healt h of the 7190. S t andards Compliance The 7190 S [...]

C H A P T E R 7I n t e l ® NetStructure ™ 71 90 Mult i-Site Traffi c Director User Guide 134 MIB Tree (top level) All Intel ente rprise MIBs and MIB objects are defined under the mib2 ext branc h of the In tel ® tree. All sysObjectIds that identify Intel pr od uct s ar e defi ned unde r the directors br anc h of t he M IB tree. Supported MIBs M[...]

C H A P T E R 7 Where to find MIB Files 135 The standard SNMP traps, coldStart , warmStart , authenticationfailure , linkUp and linkDown are supported. ceo-hea der .my ceo-header.my contains the o bjects that defi ne the top-leve l branches of th e MIB tree. multisite-mib.my multis ite- mib.my has the following struct ure: agentMetricsTable agentMe[...]

C H A P T E R 7I n t e l ® NetStructure ™ 71 90 Mult i-Site Traffi c Director User Guide 136 isvTable isvEntry isvIndex isvVipAddr isvVipPort isvProbeType isvProbeState isvProbeProperties siteTable siteEntry siteIndex siteName Agent Metrics Grou p Object Descrip tion agentMe tricsT a ble An agent r uns in a l oad bala ncer (i.e., 7 140 & 717[...]

C H A P T E R 7 Service M etrics Gro up 137 Service Metrics Group ISV Metrics Grou p Object Descrip tion serviceMe tricsT able An agent runs in a load bala ncer which communicat es with the MSD 9000. T he serviceMetr icsT able conta ins load ba lancer perfor mance d ata repo rted by th e agent t o the M u lti-Si te pertaini ng to service (VIP and p[...]

C H A P T E R 7I n t e l ® NetStructure ™ 71 90 Mult i-Site Traffi c Director User Guide 138 Site Group isvVipPort Server T CP port numb er . isvProbeT ype ISV probe type can b e Ping or TCP or HTTP . The Ping is an ICMP pr obe. The T CP Probe opens a TCP sessio n , sends no data and resets the conn ection after receiving an approp riat e respo [...]

C H A P T E R 7S N M P T r a p s 139 SNMP T rap s The followi ng list su mmarizes the tr aps genera ted by the 7190. Fo r details abou t a particular trap , please read the descripti on of each MIB above, or read t he documentation w ithin the MIB file. Trap s are generat ed by SNMPv2c coldSt art authen ticat ionFai lure linkUp mult isite- mib.my a[...]

C H A P T E R 7I n t e l ® NetStructure ™ 71 90 Mult i-Site Traffi c Director User Guide 140 s5emt1 03.my , s5roo 1 1 4.my, s5tcs11 2.my, syn ro167.my These files ar e the Nortel Aut o-topolog y MIB files. When auto- topolo gy is ena bled, the 7 190 periodically broadcasts auto-to pology packets, which i nclude the fol lowing information: • Th[...]

C H A P T E R 7 Displaying SNMP Parameter s 141 • The backpl ane type of the sender , for the 7190 this is enetFastEnet (10). • Local segment in dication. This indicates whether the sender is on the same ethernet segment or across a brid ge. • The current state o f t he auto-topology packet ’ s sender . The 7190 list ens for auto- topology [...]

C H A P T E R 7I n t e l ® NetStructure ™ 71 90 Mult i-Site Traffi c Director User Guide 142 The followi ng CLI commands a re used to displa y and configur e SNMP community strings. config sys snmp c ommun ity in fo config sys snm p commun ity cr eate <st ring > ip <ip addres s> righ ts [ro|rw ] config sys snm p commun ity de lete &l[...]

C H A P T E R 7 Configuring Ot her SNMP Parameter s 143 This command causes trap s to be sent to IP address 209. 218.240.5, and causes the 7190 SNMP agent to put the community string NOC1 in the tra p . Configuring Other S NMP Parameters The followi ng CLI commands a re used to displa y and configur e general SNMP parameter s: config sys snmp i nfo[...]

C H A P T E R 7I n t e l ® NetStructure ™ 71 90 Mult i-Site Traffi c Director User Guide 144 Notes[...]

Sof tware Up dates Your Intel ® NetStruc ture ™ 7190 Multi -Site Traffic Di rector unit is shipp ed with th e la test s yste m so ftwar e inst alled. Af ter init ial installat ion and setup, you may be eli gible for, or choose to pur chase a software version updat e. This chapter de scribes the update procedure. Multiple S of tware Images The 71[...]

C H A P T E R 8I n t e l ® NetStructure ™ 71 90 Mult i-Site Traffi c Director User Guide 146 distrib ution con sist s of a single lar ge binary file o f approx imatel y 20 megabytes. The first step in software installat ion is to place this install image file on an ftp serv er accessible by t he 7190. NOTE: Username commands are not valid in con[...]

C H A P T E R 8 Rebooting with the New Image and Ver if ying Installation 147 Rebooting with the Ne w Image and V erify ing Inst allation NOTE: If any errors occurred during inst alla tion, show sy s softwa re may display the image as installed , howe ver i t is not sa fe to use. Use conf ig sys softwa re de lete to delete t he imag e and repeat t [...]

C H A P T E R 8I n t e l ® NetStructure ™ 71 90 Mult i-Site Traffi c Director User Guide 148 Notes[...]

Diagnostics This section desc r ibes the avai lable diagn o stic information and in- field di agnostics p rocedures f or the 7190. Diagnostic LEDs The fr ont pa nel ’ s LEDs provide info rmation generated by the boot- time power- on-self- test (POST) and appl ication startup sequences. There are four LEDs on th e front pan el, as shown. Diagnosti[...]

A P P E N D I X AI n t e l ® NetStructure ™ 71 90 Multi-Sit e Traffic Dir ector User Guide 150 Power Indication The fron t panel Po w er LE D connects directly t o the unit ’ s power supply. If th e Power L ED is not i ll uminat ed, power is not connected to the un it , or the uni t ’ s power supply has fail ed. Boot-time LED Di agnostic s T[...]

A P P E N D I X A Runtime LED Diagnostics 151 Runtime LED Diagno stic s Runtime Act ivity At runtime, the L EDs provide information abo ut system activity as described bel ow. St atus LED • Blink s on and of f quickly wh en operatin g normally . • Continuou s on or of f indicates tr oubled ( hung) system. Activity LED s The following table desc[...]

A P P E N D I X AI n t e l ® NetStructure ™ 71 90 Multi-Sit e Traffic Dir ector User Guide 152 System Lo g The system log contains diagnostic messages from v arious software modules of t he 7190. Th e system log memory is of l imited size (5 12K bytes) and wraps around when the allocate d space has been fil l ed u p. Log Message F ormat There ar[...]

A P P E N D I X A System Log 153 DNSD: The DNS Server Daemon process This proce ss lo gs a message wh e n it is started and wh en reading i n the configurati on. Severe or fa tal errors are logged with a preceding “ ERROR ” . Others messages may be lo gged with or wi thout “ WARNING ” based on the natur e of the event . Example: This messag[...]

A P P E N D I X AI n t e l ® NetStructure ™ 71 90 Multi-Sit e Traffic Dir ector User Guide 154 NCA (Network Configuratio n Application) This process is i n charge of conn ecting to and talking to the age n ts resident o n the 7140/717 0 or 7180 d evices. It al so connects t o and talks to the dns server a nd the backed process. It is the NCA tha[...]

A P P E N D I X A System Log 155 Aug 2 12 :13: 33 mada gasc ar BACKE ND: R eading in config urati on... Aug 2 12:1 3:33 madagasc ar BAC KEND: ** *Back end is ready fo r the use r* When there is an error readin g the confi guration file, these errors are logged spe cifying the error an d the line where it occurred. DNS_ST A TS Daemon This daemon is [...]

A P P E N D I X AI n t e l ® NetStructure ™ 71 90 Multi-Sit e Traffic Dir ector User Guide 156 Notes[...]

Cleaning the Dust Filter The Inte l ® NetStru cture ™ 7195 Multi-Site Traffic Director has a du st filter el ement mo unted behi nd t he f ront g ril le a nd in front of the dual intake fans. T his filter is wash able and shou ld be cleaned eve ry six months at a minimum. If you use your 7190 in an abnormally d usty enviro nment, clean t he filt[...]

APPEN DIX BI n t e l ® NetStructure ™ 71 90 Mult i-Site Traffi c Director User Guide 158 Notes[...]

Regulatory Information T aiwan Class A EMI S t atement[...]

A P P E N D I X C Intel ® NetStructure ™ 7190 Multi-Si te Traffic Direc tor User Gu ide 160 VCCI S t atement Class A ITE This is a Class A product ba sed on th e standard of the Voluntary Control Council for Int erference by Information Technology Equipmen t (VCCI). If t his equ ipment is us ed in a domestic environment , radio disturba nce may [...]

A P P E N D I X C Canada Compliance Statement (Indust ry Canada) 161 • T o the extent possible, rel ocate the radio, T V , or other recei ver away from the product . • Plug the prod uct into a di f ferent elect rical outlet so t hat the product and the receiver are on dif ferent branc h circuits. If these suggestions don ’ t help, con sult yo[...]

A P P E N D I X C Intel ® NetStructure ™ 7190 Multi-Si te Traffic Direc tor User Gu ide 162 CISPR 22 St atement WARNING: This is a Class A product. I n a domestic envi ronment this product ma y cause radio interference in whi ch case the user may be requir ed to take adeq uate measures. VCCI Class A (J ap an) Australia WA R N I N G The system is[...]

A P P E N D I X C CISPR 22 Statemen t 163 • Isolated fr om strong el ectromagneti c fields prod uced by electrical devices. • In regions that are susc eptible to electrical storms, we recommend y ou plug you r syste m into a sur ge suppressor and disconnect telecommun ication lines to your modem duri ng an electrical storm. • Provided wit h a[...]

A P P E N D I X C Intel ® NetStructure ™ 7190 Multi-Si te Traffic Direc tor User Gu ide 164 W ARNUNG Das System wurde f ü r den Betr ieb in einer nor malen B ü roumgebung entwicke lt. De r entwicke lt . Der Standort sol lte: • sauber und staubfrei sein (Hausstaub ausgenommen); • gut gel ü fte t und keinen Hei zquellen ausgesetzt sein (ein[...]

A P P E N D I X C CISPR 22 Statemen t 165 • In ar ee s og g e tt e a tem po rali , è consi gliabile c ollegare il sistema ad un limi tato re di corrente . In caso di temp orali, scolleg are le linee di co municazione dal modem. • Dotata di un a presa a muro corret tamente instal lata. Non modificare o ut ilizzare il cavo di ali mentazione in c[...]

A P P E N D I X C Intel ® NetStructure ™ 7190 Multi-Si te Traffic Direc tor User Gu ide 166 Wi chtige Sicherheit shinweis e 1. Bitte lesen Sie sic h diese Hinweise sor gf ä ltig durch. 2. Heben Sie d i ese Anleitung f ü r den sp ä tern Gebrauch au f. 3. V or jed em Rein igen ist das Ge r ä t vom S tromnetz zu trennen . V ervenden Sie keine F[...]

A P P E N D I X C Wichtig e Sicherh eitshinweis e 167 15. W enn folgende Situa tionen auf treten i st das Ger ä t vom St romnetz zu trennen und vo n einerqualifizierten Servicestelle zu ü berp r ü fen: a. Netzkabel oder Netzstecker sint besch ä digt. b. Fl ü ssigkeit ist in das Ger ä t e ing edr u ng en. c. Das Ger ä t war Feuchtig keit ausg[...]

A P P E N D I X C Intel ® NetStructure ™ 7190 Multi-Si te Traffic Direc tor User Gu ide 168 Notes[...]

T erms and Conditions and Softwar e License Intel Corp oration END USER TERMS A ND CONDITIONS OF SALE AND SOFTW ARE LICENSE IF THE PRODUCT IS PURCHASED DIRECTL Y FROM INTEL AND UNLE SS SU C H P ARTIE S HA V E ENTER ED INTO A BILA TERALL Y EXECUT ED A GREEM ENT , W HICH EXPR ESSL Y T AKES PRECE - DENCE, THE TERMS AND CONDI TIONS ST A TED HEREIN WILL[...]

A P P E N D I X D Intel ® NetStructure ™ 7190 Multi-Si te Traffic Direc tor User Gu ide 170 2. Order s: End User m ay purchase Product by submitting a valid purchase order ( “ Order ” ) to Intel at the corporate address st at ed herein. Orders are sub- ject to Intel ’ s written acceptance ( “ Order Acceptance ” ). Order Accep- tance is[...]

A P P E N D I X D Terms and Conditions and Software License 171 10. T axes an d Duties: End User is responsible for all t axes imposed in connec- tion with sale to End User of Products or services which Intel may incur under this Agreement (except taxes imposed on Intel ’ s i nco me ) in clu din g but not limited to all im port duties, customs fe[...]

A P P E N D I X D Intel ® NetStructure ™ 7190 Multi-Si te Traffic Direc tor User Gu ide 172 12. Returns: No Product may be ret urned except under warranty for repair or due to shipment error by Intel. 13. Soft ware License: Intel grants End User a non-exclusive, non-transferable (except as set forth in this Section) non-exclusive, restricted rig[...]

A P P E N D I X D Terms and Conditions and Software License 173 replace or repair t he product with either a new or reconditioned product, and the returned pr oduct becomes Intel ’ s p roperty. Intel wa rrants the repaired or replaced product to be free from defects in material and workmanship for a period of the greater of: (i) ni net y (90) day[...]

A P P E N D I X D Intel ® NetStructure ™ 7190 Multi-Si te Traffic Direc tor User Gu ide 174 This warranty does not c over replacement of products damaged by abuse, accident, misuse, neglect, alteration, repair , disaster , improper installation or improper testing. If the product is found to be otherwise defective, Intel, at its option, will rep[...]

A P P E N D I X D Terms and Conditions and Software License 175 17. Expor t Law Re gul ations: 17. 1. Applicable Laws . End User acknowledges that all Products , spares, documentation or ot her materials (collectively “ Product ” ) are subject to applicable import and ex port regulations of the United S tates and of the countries in wh ich End [...]

A P P E N D I X D Intel ® NetStructure ™ 7190 Multi-Si te Traffic Direc tor User Gu ide 176 19. Copyrights; T rade Secrets: End User acknowledges and agrees that the structure, sequence and organization of the software (including but not limited to any images, photographs, animations, video, audio, music, and text) are t he valuable trade secre [...]

Glossary This section defi nes terms and acron yms used throughou t the Intel ® NetStructu re ™ 7190 Mul ti-Site Traffic Direct or User Guid e . Agen t Refers t o a load balance r (7140, 7170, or 7 180), specif ically to t he fulfillment agent on a load balancer, whi ch communicat es service availa bi lity and metric in fo rmation re lated to th[...]

G L O S S A R Y Intel ® NetStructure ™ 7190 Mult i-Site Traf fic Director User Guid e 178 Flash Respon se Mod e A solution to DNS sit e balan cing ba sed on netw ork latency. R ather than attemp t to actual measure ne twork latency t o a client DNS server, Fl ash DNS broadca sts separate responses simultaneousl y from each of t he balanced sites[...]

G L O S S A R Y Intel ® NetStructure ™ 7190 Mult i-Site Traf fic Director User Guid e 179 Load B alancer Intel ® 7140, 7170 or 7180 Load Balan cing The distr ibuti on of proce s sing and c ommuni catio ns activity across a computer net work so th at no single device i s overwh elmed. Load balanc ing is part icularly important for net works on w[...]

G L O S S A R Y Intel ® NetStructure ™ 7190 Mult i-Site Traf fic Director User Guid e 180 Aliasi ng The act of tryi ng to app ear as a legitimate packet from a trusted or expected so urce even thou gh the packet ac t ually origi nated at some unknown sour ce. SSL (Sec ure Soc ket Layer) P rotocol deve loped by Netscape fo r encrypted transmissi [...]

Support Services Intel ® offers a range of sup port services for your new p r oduct. Yo u can lea rn about the opti ons availab le for your a r ea by visiting t he Intel ® support web site at http://www.intel.com/networ k/ services and choosing your geogr ap hy. W orldwide Access to T echnical Support Intel has tech nical support c enters worldwi[...]

S U P P O R T Intel ® NetStructure ™ 7190 M ulti-Site T raffic D irector Us er Gu ide 182 Indonesia 2 Di al 001-801- 10, await d ial tone , dial 800 -838-7136 Korea 1 Dial 0-91 1, await dial tone, di al 800- 838-7136 Malay sia 4 Dial 800-0 01 1, await dial ton e, dial 800-8 38-7136 New Zealand Dial 000-9 11, await dial t one, dial 800-838-7136 S[...]

S U P P O R T Support Ser vices 183 Switze rland 1 Dial 0-800 -55001 1, await dial tone, di al 800-83 8-7136 United Kingdo m (Mercury) 3 Dial 0500-89-001 1, await dial t one, dial 8 00-838-713 6 United Kingdo m (BT) 3 Dial 0800 -89-001 1, await dial tone, dial 800- 838-713 6 RSA (South Af rica) Dial 0- 800-99-012 3, await di al tone, di al 800- 838[...]

S U P P O R T Intel ® NetStructure ™ 7190 M ulti-Site T raffic D irector Us er Gu ide 184 Notes[...]

Index Symbols ! 74 !! 74 * 111, 11 2 ? 74 @ 111, 1 12 A adding l oad bal ancers 32 agen ts 14 assoc iat in g se rv ice s 19 configu r ing dns agents 96 cre ating 19, 38 display ing 12 5 algori thms metr ic 10 weighted 10 autho ritat ive serv er 15 autho rit y delegat i ng 30 auth ority re cords cre ating 20 B boot monit or 47 , 48 boot monit or com[...]

I N D E X Intel ® NetStructure ™ 71 90 Multi-Sit e Traffi c Director User Guide 186 login- attempts 82 more 83 port 83 prompt 83 scr eenli nes 83 telne t-se ssion s 84 time out 84 username 85 users 85 config c ommands 63 config d ns agen ts commands 96 agen t-ip 101 agen t-po rt 99 cre ate 97 delete 97 disabl e 101 enab le 101 flash- backup-por [...]

I N D E X Intel ® NetStructure ™ 7190 Mu lti-Site Tr affic Directo r User Gu ide 187 hostn ame si tese rvice s info 115 hostnames 110 hostnames authority 115 hostnames create 111 hostnames delete 112 hostnames info 23, 110, 113 hostnames method 114 hostnames rename 112 hostnames siteservices 11 5, 116 hostnames siteservices disab le 116 hostname[...]

I N D E X Intel ® NetStructure ™ 71 90 Multi-Sit e Traffi c Director User Guide 188 config s ys inf o 86, 89 config s ys log s display 86 config s ys log s display- old 86 config s ys sec ondary 88 config s ys sec ondary any 88 config s ys sec ondary cre ate 88 config s ys sec ondary d elete 88 config s ys sec ondary fl ash 88 config s ys sec on[...]

I N D E X Intel ® NetStructure ™ 7190 Mu lti-Site Tr affic Directo r User Gu ide 189 arp 74 back 74 box 74 comm it a ll 74 comm it l oca l 74 dbpr 75 exit 76 factor y-defaul t 78 halt 76 histor y 76 info 77 logout 77 netsta t 78 ping 78 quit 78 reboot 78 rever t 78 star t-wiz ard 78 top 74 tracer oute 79 who 79 H help com man ds 76 ? 6 2 help tt[...]

I N D E X Intel ® NetStructure ™ 71 90 Multi-Sit e Traffi c Director User Guide 190 runtime LED diagnos ti cs 15 1 S save command 29 saving configu ration 29 current software confi guration 146 secondar y adding 18 configu r ing 30 , 95 cre ating 88 deleti ng 88 displa ying informat ion 88 serv ices 15, 69 cre ating 101 deleti ng 101 disabl ing [...]

I N D E X Intel ® NetStructure ™ 7190 Mu lti-Site Tr affic Directo r User Gu ide 191 T Telnet 59, 77, 78, 82, 83 , 84, 119 settin g se s sio ns 84 The 22 W weighted algorit hms 10 Weighted Ra ndom load bal ancing 10, 1 1 4 Weighted Ro und Robin 180 Weighted Ro und Robin loa d balancing 10, 114 wildcar ds 111 Z zones 15 cre ating 19, 27, 43, 107 [...]

I N D E X Intel ® NetStructure ™ 71 90 Multi-Sit e Traffi c Director User Guide 192 Notes[...]