Netopia R3100 manual

Net opia ™ R3100 ISDN Routers User’s Refer ence Guide[...]

C o p yright Copyright 1997 - 98, Netopia, Inc. v .0300 All rights reser ved. Printed in the U.S.A. This manual and any associated ar twork, software and pr oduct designs are copyrighted with all rights reser ved. Under the copyright laws such materials may not be copied, in whole or par t, without the prior written consent of Netopia, Inc. Under t[...]

G B Configuration options for your Netopia R3100 ISDN Router ............ 1 1. Small Of fice connection to the Inter net ........................... 2 2. Small Of fice connection to the Inter net ........................... 3 3. Direct Connection to a Corporate Of fice (T elecommuter) .. 4 4. Configured to accept incoming dial-up connections .[...]

ii User’ s Reference Guide Configuring TCP/IP on Windows 95, 98, or NT computers ......................................................... 3-10 Configuring TCP/IP on Macintosh computers ........ 3-14 Chapter 4 — Connecting Y our Local Ar ea Network ..................... 4-1 Over view ...........................................................[...]

Contents iii G IP Easy Setup ...................................................... 7-9 Easy Setup Security............................................ 7-10 Configuring Frame Relay ............................................... 7-11 Easy Setup Frame Relay screens ......................... 7-12 W AN Configuration Frame Relay scr eens ............[...]

iv User’ s Reference Guide Advanced calling features ............................................... 9-5 Line provisioning .................................................. 9-5 Configuring supplementar y ser vices ...................... 9-6 Chapter 10 — Call Accounting and Default Answer Pr ofile ....... 10-1 Cost control featur e -- call ac[...]

Contents v G IPX address ....................................................... 12-2 Socket .............................................................. 12-2 Routing Infor mation Protocol (RIP) ....................... 12-2 Ser vice Adver tising Protocol (SAP) ....................... 12-2 NetBIOS ..................................................[...]

vi User’ s Reference Guide SNMP traps ..................................................... 14-14 Chapter 15 — Security ........................................................... 15-1 Suggested security measures ....................................... 15-1 User accounts ............................................................. 15-2 Dial-in[...]

Contents vii G Using the SecurID token card ............................ 15-37 Security authentication components .................. 15-38 Configuring for security authentication ............... 15-38 Connecting using security authentication ........... 15-39 Chapter 16 — Utilities and Diagnostics ................................... 16-1 Ping ..[...]

viii User’ s Reference Guide Appendix B — Setting Up T elco Ser vices ................................... B-1 Obtaining an ISDN line ................................................... B-1 Finding an ISDN ser vice provider ........................... B-1 Choosing an ISDN line .......................................... B-1 Ordering an ISDN line [...]

Contents ix G Nested IP subnets ....................................................... E-10 Broadcasts.................................................................. E-12 Packet header types ........................................... E-12 Appendix F — Understanding Netopia NA T Behavior ................... F-1 Network Configuration ........[...]

x User’ s Reference Guide Appendix J — Binar y Conversion T able ....................................... J-1 Appendix K — Fur ther Reading .................................................. K-1 Appendix L — T echnical Specifications and Safety Information ... L-1 Pinouts for Auxiliar y Por t Modem Cable ........................... L-1 Desc[...]

Configuration options for your Netopia R3100 ISDN Router The Netopia R3100 ISDN Router can be used in dif ferent ways depending on your needs. In general, you will probably want to use it in one or mor e of the following ways: (Click on one of these links) ■ “1. Small Of fice connection to the Inter net” with several computers in your of ?[...]

1. Small Office connection to the Internet For Small Of fice connections to the Inter net, using a single dynamic IP address with Network Address T ranslation (NA T) enabled, you should use the following configuration option: ■ the Smar tStar t™ Wizar d, included on your Netopia R3100 CD. This is the fastest and simplest way to get you up an[...]

2. Small Office connection to the Internet For Small Of fice connections to the Inter net, using a block of IP addresses (Network Addr ess T ranslation disabled), you use both of the following configuration tools: ■ the Smar tStar t™ Wizar d, included on your Netopia R3100 CD. This is the fastest and simplest way to get you up and r unning w[...]

3. Dir ect Connection to a Corporate Office (T elecommuter) For direct connections to a Corporate Of fice, you can use either one of two configuration options: ■ the Smar tStar t™ Wizar d, included on your Netopia R3100 CD. For instr uctions on this option, see “Setting up your Router with the Smar tStar t Wizard” on page 3-3 . ■ manua[...]

4. Configured to accept incoming dial-up connections T o configure the Netopia R3100 to accept incoming dial-up connections, you should use the following configuration option: ■ use the Smar tStar t™ Wizar d, to configure your outbound connection to an ISP . For instr uctions on this option, see “Setting up your Router with the Smar tStar[...]

5. Configured for IDSL If you have the Netopia R3100-I IDSL model you can use either one of two configuration options: ■ the Smar tStar t™ Wizar d, included on your Netopia R3100 CD. For instr uctions on this option, see “Setting up your Router with the Smar tStar t Wizard” on page 3-3 . ■ However , you may wish to skip directly to manu[...]

P P P P a a a a r r r r t t t t II I I : : : : G G G G e e e e t t t t t t t t ii i i n n n n g g g g S S S S t t t t a a a a r r r r t t t t e e e e d d d d[...]

User’ s Reference Guide[...]

Introduction 1-1 C C C C h h h h a a a a p p p p t t t t e e e e r r r r 1 1 1 1 II I I n n n n t t t t r r r r o o o o d d d d u u u u c c c c t t t t ii i i o o o o n n n n Overview The Netopia R3100 ISDN Router is a full-featured, stand-alone, multipr otocol router for connecting diverse local area networks (LANs) to the Inter net and other remo[...]

1-2 User’ s Reference Guide per-profile statistics ■ Console-based T elnet client ■ UNIX syslog client ■ Status lights (LEDs) for easy monitoring and troubleshooting ■ Smar tStar t™ Wizard softwar e for easy configuration over an Ether net network connection. The Smar tStar t Wizard may include an optional automatic r egistration with[...]

Making the Physical Connections 2-1 C C C C h h h h a a a a p p p p t t t t e e e e r r r r 2 2 2 2 M M M M a a a a k k k k ii i i n n n n g g g g t t t t h h h h e e e e P P P P h h h h y y y y s s s s ii i i c c c c a a a a ll l l C C C C o o o o n n n n n n n n e e e e c c c c t t t t ii i i o o o o n n n n s s s s This section tells you how to [...]

2-2 User’ s Reference Guide Acrobat® Reader for Windows and Macintosh, ZT erm ter minal emulator software and NCSA T elnet 2.6 for Macintosh Y ou will need: ■ A Windows 95, 98, or NT-based PC or a Macintosh with Ethernet connectivity for configuring the Netopia R3100. This may be built-in Ethernet or an add-on car d, with TCP/IP installed. ?[...]

Making the Physical Connections 2-3 Netopia R3100 ISDN Router Back Panel Ports The figure below displays the back of the Netopia R3100 ISDN Router (models R3100-S, SP , U, UP). Netopia R3100 ISDN Router back panel (models R3100 -S, SP , U, and UP) Note: For simplicity , the remainder of this manual uses the figure above to illustrate connections.[...]

2-4 User’ s Reference Guide The following table describes all the Netopia R3100 ISDN Router back panel por ts. Por t Description Power por t A mini-DIN8 power adapter cable connection. Line or T elco por t A telephone-style jack labelled “T elco1” or “Line” for your WAN connection. Use the “T elco 1" or “Line 1" por t, NOT ?[...]

Making the Physical Connections 2-5 * Note: Users in the United Kingdom may need to obtain a special US-to-UK style modular connector adapter . Suitable adapters are available as follows: 2 Phone por ts (POTS models only) Netopia R3100 models that suppor t Smar tPhone™ provide two RJ-11 telephone jacks for connecting analog devices, such as a tel[...]

2-6 User’ s Reference Guide Netopia R3100 ISDN Router Status Lights The figure below r epresents the Netopia R3100 status light (LED) panel. Netopia R3100 LED front panel The following table summarizes the meaning of the various LED states and colors: When this happens... the LEDs... Power is on 1 is green . Data is transmitted or received over [...]

Setting up your Router with the SmartStart Wizard 3-1 C C C C h h h h a a a a p p p p t t t t e e e e r r r r 3 3 3 3 S S S S e e e e t t t t t t t t ii i i n n n n g g g g u u u u p p p p y y y y o o o o u u u u r r r r R R R R o o o o u u u u t t t t e e e e r r r r w w w w ii i i t t t t h h h h t t t t h h h h e e e e S S S S m m m m a a a a r [...]

3-2 User’ s Reference Guide Before running SmartStart Be sure you have connected the cables and power sour ce as described in Step 1 “Connect the Router” guide contained in your Netopia folio. Before you launch the Smar tStar t application, make sur e your computer meets the following requir ements: PC Macintosh System software Windows 95, 98[...]

Setting up your Router with the SmartStart Wizard 3-3 Setting up your Router with the SmartStart Wizard The Smar tStar t Wizard is tailor ed for your platfor m, but it works the same way on either a PC or a Macintosh. Inser t the Netopia CD, and in the desktop navigation screen that appears, launch the Smar tStar t Wizar d application. SmartStart W[...]

3-4 User’ s Reference Guide Easy option When the test succeeds, Smar tStar t indicates success. If the test fails, the wizard displays an er r or screen. If the test fails, check the following: ■ Check your cable connections. Be sure you have connected the r outer and the computer properly , using the cor rect cables. Refer to the Step 1 “Con[...]

Setting up your Router with the SmartStart Wizard 3-5 Smar tStar t. See the on-line User’s Reference Guide for instr uctions. When the test is successful, Smar tStar t presents you with a dif ferent scr een, depending on the type of router you are configuring. ■ If you are configuring a r outer that defaults to an unswitched inter face, such [...]

3-6 User’ s Reference Guide ■ If you are configuring an ISDN or a Dual Analog r outer , you will see the “Manual or Automated Connection Profile scr een,” shown below . If you select ISP Automation , Smar tStar t of fers you the option of choosing one of several Netopia ISP par tners that suppor t the Netopia R3100. Y ou then see the “I[...]

Setting up your Router with the SmartStart Wizard 3-7 ■ Optionally , an alternate DNS if your ISP pr ovided one If you select Manual Entr y , the “Connection Profile screen,” shown below appears. ■ Most ISPs will provide you with infor mation for you to enter in the “Connection Pr ofile screen” on page 3-7 (shown below) over the phone[...]

3-8 User’ s Reference Guide In most cases, this Smar tStar t configuration is all that you need to get your router up and r unning and connected to the Internet. However, you may want to take advantage of additional features or special configuration options available through the console-based configuration inter face. For detailed instr uction[...]

Setting up your Router with the SmartStart Wizard 3-9 Advanced option Router IP Address scr een. If you selected the Advanced option in the “Easy or Advanced options screen” on page 3-4 , Smar tStar t asks you to choose between entering the router’s cur r ent IP address and assigning an IP address to the r outer . If the router has alr eady b[...]

3-10 User’ s Reference Guide Sharing the Connection Configuring TCP/IP on Windows 95, 98, or NT computers Configuring TCP/IP on a Windows computer requir es the following: ■ An Ethernet car d (also known as a network adapter) ■ The TCP/IP protocol must be “bound” to the adapter or car d New IP Address scr een. If you want to change the [...]

Setting up your Router with the SmartStart Wizard 3-11 Dynamic configuration (recommended) If you configure your Netopia R3100 using Smar tStar t, you can accept the dynamic IP addr ess assigned by your router . The Dynamic Host Configuration Pr otocol (DHCP) ser ver , which enables dynamic addr essing, is enabled by default in the router . If y[...]

3-12 User’ s Reference Guide Static configuration (optional) If you are manually configuring for a fixed or static IP addr ess, per for m the following: 1. Go to Star t Menu/Settings/Control Panels and double click the Network icon. From the Network components list, select the Configuration tab. 2. Select TCP/IP-->Y our Network Car d. Then[...]

Setting up your Router with the SmartStart Wizard 3-13 4. Click OK in this window , and the next window . When pr ompted, reboot the computer . Note: Y ou can also use these instr uctions to configur e other computers on your network with manual or static IP addresses. Be sur e each computer on your network has its own IP address. Click on the DNS[...]

3-14 User’ s Reference Guide Configuring TCP/IP on Macintosh computers The following is a quick guide to configuring TCP/IP for MacOS computers. Configuring TCP/IP in a Macintosh computer requir es the following: ■ Y ou must have either Open T ranspor t or Classic Networking (MacTCP) installed. Note: If you want to use the Dynamic Host Con?[...]

Setting up your Router with the SmartStart Wizard 3-15 Static configuration (optional) 3. In the TCP/IP window or in the MacTCP/More window , select or type information into the fields as shown in the following table. 4. Close the TCP/IP or MacTCP control panel and save the settings. 5. If you are using MacTCP , you must restar t the computer . I[...]

3-16 User’ s Reference Guide Dynamic configuration using MacIP (optional) If you want to use MacIP to dynamically assign IP addresses to the Macintosh computers on your network you must install the optional AppleT alk feature set kit. Note: Y ou cannot use MacIP dynamic configuration to configur e your Netopia R3100 ISDN Router because you mus[...]

Setting up your Router with the SmartStart Wizard 3-17 Using Classic Networking (MacTCP) 1. Go to the Apple Menu. Select Control Panels and then Network . 2. In the Network window , select EtherT alk . 3. Go back to the Apple menu. Select Control Panels and then MacTCP . 4. Select EtherT alk . From the pull-down menu under EtherT alk, select an ava[...]

3-18 User’ s Reference Guide[...]

Connecting Y our Local Area Network 4-1 C C C C h h h h a a a a p p p p t t t t e e e e r r r r 4 4 4 4 C C C C o o o o n n n n n n n n e e e e c c c c t t t t ii i i n n n n g g g g Y Y Y Y o o o o u u u u r r r r L L L L o o o o c c c c a a a a ll l l A A A A r r r r e e e e a a a a N N N N e e e e t t t t w w w w o o o o r r r r k k k k This cha[...]

4-2 User’ s Reference Guide Readying computers on your local network PC and Macintosh computers must have cer tain components installed before they can communicate thr ough the Netopia R3100. The following illustration shows the minimal requir ements for a typical PC or Macintosh computer . Application software: This is the softwar e you use to s[...]

Connecting Y our Local Area Network 4-3 Connecting to an Ethernet network The Netopia R3100 suppor ts Ethernet connections thr ough its eight Ether net por ts. The Router automatically detects which Ethernet por t is in use. Y ou can connect either 10Base-T or 10/100 Ether net networks to the Netopia R3100. 10Base-T Y ou can connect a standar d 10B[...]

4-4 User’ s Reference Guide If you have more than eight devices to connect, you can attach additional devices using either a 10Base-T hub or an EtherW ave daisy chain, or some combination of both. ■ If you add devices connected through a 10 Base-T or 10/100 Ether net hub, connect the hub to Ether net por t number 1 on the Netopia R3100 and set [...]

Connecting Y our Local Area Network 4-5 Remote console Y ou may want to add an exter nal modem to your Auxiliar y por t. Remote modem ter minal emulator setups can dial in to the modem line and establish a remote console session. This allows an administrator with the appropriate security to r emotely configure your r outer for you. Obtain the spec[...]

4-6 User’ s Reference Guide Connecting to a LocalT alk network If you have purchased the AppleT alk Kit (par t number TER/A TI), you can also connect the Router to an AppleT alk network that uses either Ethernet or LocalT alk. Refer to the sheet of optional featur e set add-ons in your Netopia R3100 documentation folio. The AppleT alk feature exp[...]

Connecting Y our Local Area Network 4-7 Wiring guidelines for PhoneNET cabling Note: Make sure you do not connect your LocalT alk network to a T elco por t or a POTS (Phone 1 and 2) por t. For detailed configuration instr uctions see “AppleT alk Setup” on page 13-1 . T opology 22 gauge .642 mm 24 gauge .510 mm 26 gauge .403 mm daisy chain n/a [...]

4-8 User’ s Reference Guide[...]

SmartView 5-1 C C C C h h h h a a a a p p p p t t t t e e e e r r r r 5 5 5 5 S S S S m m m m a a a a r r r r t t t t V V V V ii i i e e e e w w w w This chapter discusses Smar tView , the Netopia R3100’s device and network web-based monitoring tool. This tool can provide statistical infor mation, r epor t on cur r ent network status, recor d eve[...]

5-2 User’ s Reference Guide Navigating SmartV iew Y ou access the Smar tView monitor by launching your web br owser and entering the URL: http:// router_IP_Addr ess /smar tview .html where r outer_IP_address is the address of your r outer . The default addr ess is 198.162.1.1. Once you have invoked the Smar tView pages, bookmark Smar tView in you[...]

SmartView 5-3 Connection Pr ofiles page The Connection Profiles page displays the cur r ently active Connection Profile, and any alter nate pr ofiles you may have created. Y ou can switch from one Connection Pr ofile to another by disconnecting from one, and connecting to another . ■ T o hang up the cur r ent connection, and establish the on[...]

5-4 User’ s Reference Guide The router’s event histories ar e str uctured to display the most r ecent events first, and to make it easy to distinguish er ror messages fr om infor mational messages. Er r or messages are pr efixed with an asterisk. Both the W AN Event Histor y and Device Event Histor y pages retain r ecords of up to 128 of the [...]

SmartView 5-5 Standard HTML web-based monitoring pages Y ou can also view connection pr ofile infor mation and event histories in the Web-based monitoring pages. These pages are pr ovided for users without Java-enabled browsers. Unlike the Smar tView pages, they ar e not dynamically updated. Y ou access the web-based monitoring pages by launching [...]

5-6 User’ s Reference Guide[...]

Console-based Management 6-1 C C C C h h h h a a a a p p p p t t t t e e e e r r r r 6 6 6 6 C C C C o o o o n n n n s s s s o o o o ll l l e e e e - - - - b b b b a a a a s s s s e e e e d d d d M M M M a a a a n n n n a a a a g g g g e e e e m m m m e e e e n n n n t t t t This chapter describes how to use the Console-based management screens on [...]

6-2 User’ s Reference Guide Note about screen dif ferences. Netopia R3100 models of fering dif fer ent feature sets will have variations in the fields on cer tain screens. For example, ther e are switched (dial-up ISDN) and leased (Synchr onous/Asyn- chronous, T1, and IDSL) line models, as well as models that of fer feature subsets such as Apple[...]

Console-based Management 6-3 Before you can access the console scr eens through T elnet, you must have: ■ a network connection locally to the router or IP access to the r outer through the WAN por t. This could be the same connection as the one you used with Smar tStar t and the "Easy" path. If you used the default configuration for Sm[...]

6-4 User’ s Reference Guide T o connect the Netopia R3100 to your computer for serial console communication, use the supplied dual console cable connector end appropriate to your platfor m: ■ one DE-9 connector end attaches to a PC ■ the mini-DIN8 connector end attaches to a Macintosh ■ the DE-9 end of the Console cable attaches to the Neto[...]

Console-based Management 6-5 Navigating thr ough the console scr eens Use your keyboard to navigate the Netopia R3100’s configuration scr eens, enter and edit infor mation, and make choices. The following table lists the keys to use to navigate through the console scr eens. T o help you find your way to par ticular scr eens, some sections in th[...]

6-6 User’ s Reference Guide[...]

Easy Setup 7-1 C C C C h h h h a a a a p p p p t t t t e e e e r r r r 7 7 7 7 E E E E a a a a s s s s y y y y S S S S e e e e t t t t u u u u p p p p This chapter describes how to use the Easy Setup console screens on your Netopia R3100 ISDN Router. The Easy Setup console screens pr ovide an alternate method for experienced users to set up their r[...]

7-2 User’ s Reference Guide A screen similar to the following appears: If you do not see the Main Menu, verify that: ■ the computer used to view the console screen has its serial por t connected to the Netopia R3100’s “Console” por t or an Ethernet connection to one of its Ether net por ts. See “Connecting a local ter minal console cabl[...]

Easy Setup 7-3 Beginning Easy Setup T o begin Easy Setup, select Easy Setup in the Main Menu, then press Retur n. The Easy Setup screen appears. For an IDSL r outer , skip to “IDSL Easy Setup” on page 7-6 . ISDN Easy Setup Note: The ISDN Wizard is designed to automatically detect and configur e most of your ISDN parameters for you, without you[...]

7-4 User’ s Reference Guide IDSL, CMN if your leased line ser vice provider uses Copper Mountain equipment (this is the default for model R3100-I) Note: The Switch Type, SPIDs, and Director y Numbers apply only to Switched ISDN ser vice. If you select either IDSL option, these fields are not displayed. If you select ISDN, Leased as your circuit [...]

Easy Setup 7-5 already detected the switch type automatically . If you know your switch type, you can choose CANCEL and select one of the other options manually . If the switch type has alr eady been detected, the screen (as shown on page 7-3 ) will so indicate. If the switch type has not been detected, the screen will indi- cate “Failed,” and [...]

7-6 User’ s Reference Guide If the router detected your SPIDs successfully , the screen (as shown on page 7-3 ) displays them and indicates “Pass,” meaning that the entered SPIDs initialized. If the SPIDs ar e entered incor r ectly , the fields will remain blank and the scr een will indicate “Fail.” Y ou must then r e-enter them manually[...]

Easy Setup 7-7 Choose your Data Link Encapsulation method. Frame Relay is the default. The choice of Frame relay or A TM FUNI depends infor mation supplied to you by your DSL ser vice provider. Easy Setup Profile The Easy Setup Connection Profile scr een is where you configur e the parameters that control the ISDN Netopia Router’s connection t[...]

7-8 User’ s Reference Guide When using numbered inter faces, the Netopia Router will use its local WAN IP address and subnet mask to send packets to the remote r outer . Both routers have WAN IP addresses and subnet masks associated with the connection. If your ISP uses Unnumbered (System-based Routing) or your datalink encapsulation is not Frame[...]

Easy Setup 7-9 IP Easy Setup The IP Easy Setup screen is wher e you enter infor mation about your Netopia Router’s: ■ IP address ■ Subnet mask ■ Default gateway IP address ■ Domain name ser ver IP address ■ IP address ser ving infor mation, such as the number of client IP addr esses and the 1st client address; and Y ou should consult wi[...]

7-10 User’ s Reference Guide 5. The Default IP Gateway defaults to the remote IP address you enter ed in the Easy Setup connection profile. If the Netopia Router does not r ecognize the destination of any IP traf fic, it for war ds that traf fic to this gateway – set to 127.0.0.2 if your ISP does not other wise specify . Do not confuse the r[...]

Easy Setup 7-11 The final step in configuring the Easy Setup console screens is to r estar t the Netopia R3100, so the configuration settings take ef fect. 1. Select REST ART DEVICE . A prompt asks you to confir m your choice. 2. Select CONTINUE to restar t the Netopia Router and have your selections take ef fect. Note: Y ou can also r estar t [...]

7-12 User’ s Reference Guide Easy Setup Frame Relay scr eens For IDSL routers, Frame Relay encapsulation is the default. Main Menu Easy Setup ISDN Easy Setup ISDN Easy Setup Circuit Type... Switched Switch Type... EuroISDN/ETSI Directory Number 1: 5105776430 Directory Number 2: 5105776431 PBX Prefix: +-------------+ +-------------+ Data Link Enca[...]

Easy Setup 7-13 W AN Configuration Frame Relay screens The ISDN Line Configuration menu also of fers the options of either PPP , HDLC, or Frame Relay as your datalink encapsulation method. For IDSL routers, Frame Relay is the default. Main Menu ISDN Line Conf iguration WA N Conf iguration WA N Setup ISDN Line Configuration Circuit Type... Switche[...]

7-14 User’ s Reference Guide Frame Relay configuration If you chose Frame Relay as your datalink encapsulation type you can now configure the Frame Relay options. From the WAN Configuration screen, select W AN Setup , then select the Frame Relay Configuration option and press Retur n. The Frame Relay Configuration screen appears. WAN Configu[...]

Easy Setup 7-15 Note: The default configuration for the model R3100-I is No LMI as an LMI Type and DLCI 16 is statically configured. This is appr opriate for cur rent versions of the Copper Mountain DSLAM fir mwar e. Future versions of the Copper Mountain fir mware may suppor t multiple statically configur ed DLCIs or DLCIs other than 16, or a[...]

7-16 User’ s Reference Guide Note: Some Frame Relay ser vice providers allow for over-subscription of the DLCIs, which occurs when the total number of CIRs for all PVCs exceeds the line rate setup. 3. Select Congestion Management Enabled and toggle to Ye s or No depending on whether you use this selection. Press Retur n. If Congestion Management [...]

Easy Setup 7-17 T o go to the Frame Relay DLCI configuration scr een, select Frame Relay DLCI Configuration in the W AN Configuration screen. Displaying a Frame Relay DLCI configuration table T o display a view-only table of the Frame Relay DLCIs, select Display/Change DLCIs in the Frame Relay DLCI Configuration screen, and pr ess Return. The [...]

7-18 User’ s Reference Guide Changing a Frame Relay DLCI configuration T o modify a Frame Relay DLCI configuration, select Display/Change DLCIs in the Frame Relay DLCI Configuration screen. Select a DLCI Name from the table and pr ess Return to go to the Change DLCI screen. The parameters in this screen ar e the same as the parameters in the A[...]

Easy Setup 7-19 Adding a Frame Relay DLCI configuration T o add a new Frame Relay DLCI, select Add DLCI in the Frame Relay DLCI Configuration screen and pr ess Return. The Add DLCI scr een appears. 1. Select DLCI Name and enter a name for this individual Frame Relay DLCI profile. It can be any name you wish. For example: the name of your ISP or [...]

7-20 User’ s Reference Guide Identifier). The setting defaults to 64000, but you may modify the committed burst size by toggling the selection in the Use Default field to No . Y ou can then enter a dif fer ent committed burst size in the V alue field. ■ The Be (Excess Burst Size) repr esents the maximum amount of data that your Frame Relay s[...]

P P P P a a a a r r r r t t t t II I I II I I : : : : A A A A d d d d v v v v a a a a n n n n c c c c e e e e d d d d C C C C o o o o n n n n f f f f ii i i g g g g u u u u r r r r a a a a t t t t ii i i o o o o n n n n[...]

User’ s Reference Guide[...]

W AN and System Configuration 8-1 C C C C h h h h a a a a p p p p t t t t e e e e r r r r 8 8 8 8 W W W W A A A A N N N N a a a a n n n n d d d d S S S S y y y y s s s s t t t t e e e e m m m m C C C C o o o o n n n n f f f f ii i i g g g g u u u u r r r r a a a a t t t t ii i i o o o o n n n n This chapter describes how to use the console-based m[...]

8-2 User’ s Reference Guide The Add Connection Profile screen appears. On a Netopia R3100 ISDN Router you can add up to 15 more connection pr ofiles, for a total of 16. A Netopia R3100 IDSL Router can only use one at a time. 1. Select Profile Name and enter a name for this connection pr ofile. It can be any name you wish. For example: the nam[...]

W AN and System Configuration 8-3 4. T oggle or enter any IP Parameters you r equire and r eturn to the Add Connection Pr ofile screen by pr essing Escape. For more infor mation, see “IP Setup and Network Addr ess T ranslation” on page 11-1 . 5. If you will be connecting with an IPX remote network, toggle IPX Enabled to Y es, and pr ess Retur[...]

8-4 User’ s Reference Guide 7. Select Datalink Options and press Retur n. The Datalink Options screen appears. Y ou can accept the defaults, or change them if you wish. Y ou can also specify user name and password for both outgoing and incoming calls. the Send User Name/Password parameters ar e used to specify your identity when dialing out to a [...]

W AN and System Configuration 8-5 8. Select T elco Options and pr ess retur n. the T elco Options scr een appears. Note : For IDSL routers, which do not initiate dial-up connections, this option does not appear . Select Dial and press Retur n. A pop-up menu appears. Y ou can select the dialing options for this Connection Profile as Dial In Only ,[...]

8-6 User’ s Reference Guide If you want to view the Connection Profiles in your r outer , retur n to the WAN Configuration screen, and select Display/Change Connection Profile . The list of Connection Pr ofiles is displayed in a scrolling pop-up screen. It is possible to configure the r outer for any available circuit type: ISDN, Switched , [...]

W AN and System Configuration 8-7 When using Frame Relay datalink encapsulation on a per manent circuit, you may r equire that the frame r elay DLCIs explicitly match up to your connection profile, or you may allow your Frame Relay network to automatically confir m this by using the Default Profile. Customizing the Default Pr ofile The Default[...]

8-8 User’ s Reference Guide IP parameters (default profile) scr een The IP Parameters (Default Profile) scr een allows you to configure various IP parameters for IDSL connections established without an explicitly configured connection pr ofile: The Netopia R3100 ISDN Router always acts as a DHCP client on the IDSL link when using a Default P[...]

W AN and System Configuration 8-9 If you choose to transmit RIP , the TX RIP Policy pop up menu appears. Y ou can select Poison Reverse (the default), Split Horizon , or No Split Horizon . ■ Poison Reverse speeds conver gence but adds to network over head. When topology changes, mentioning routes that should not go thr ough the router as well as[...]

8-10 User’ s Reference Guide IPX parameters (default pr ofile) scr een The IPX Parameters (Default Profile) scr een allows you to configure various IPX parameters for IDSL connections established without an explicitly configured connection pr ofile: For details on setting up IPX Parameters see “IPX Setup” on page 12-1 . For details on se[...]

W AN and System Configuration 8-11 By default, the auxiliar y por t is enabled for an asynchronous modem. Y ou can disable the por t by selecting Unused , or if you have installed the optional AppleT alk Kit, LocalT alk becomes the default. For more infor mation, see Chapter 13, “AppleT alk Setup.” Y ou can specify the Data Rate as 19.2, 38.4,[...]

8-12 User’ s Reference Guide The console screen will open to the Main Menu , similar to the screen shown below: System Configuration featur es Smar tStar t may be all you need to configure your Netopia R3100. Some users, however , r equire advanced settings or prefer manual contr ol over the default selections that Smar tStar t automatically ch[...]

W AN and System Configuration 8-13 through System Configuration. T o access the System Configuration scr eens, select System Configuration in the Main Menu, then press Return. Layer Categor y Parameter Type Options Default settings Protocol Layer IP Parameters Filter Sets: Basic Firewall RIP Receive/T ransmit options: Of f IPX Parameters Path D[...]

8-14 User’ s Reference Guide The System Configuration screen appears: Network Pr otocols Setup These screens allow you to configur e your network’s use of the standard networking pr otocols: ■ IP: details are given in “IP Setup and Network Addr ess T ranslation” on page 11-1 . ■ IPX: details are given in “IPX Setup” on page 12-1. [...]

W AN and System Configuration 8-15 Select Date and Time in the System Configuration screen and pr ess Retur n to go to the Set Date and Time screen. Follow these steps to set the system’s date and time: 1. Select Current Date and enter the date in the appr opriate for mat. Use one- or two-digit numbers for the month and day , and the last two d[...]

8-16 User’ s Reference Guide Console Configuration Y ou can change the default ter minal communications parameters to suit your r equirements. T o go to the Console Configuration scr een, select Console Configuration in the System Configuration screen. Follow these steps to change a parameter’s value: 1. Select the parameter you want to cha[...]

W AN and System Configuration 8-17 See the release notes that came with your r outer or feature set upgrade or visit the Netopia web site at www .netopia.com for infor mation on new feature sets, how to obtain them, and how to install them on your Netopia R3100. T elephone setup With Smar tPhone, analog devices such as telephones, facsimile machin[...]

8-18 User’ s Reference Guide ignored. ■ Y ou can enable or disable the syslog client dynamically . When enabled, it will repor t any appr opriate and previously unr epor ted events. ■ Y ou can specify the syslog ser ver’s addr ess either in dotted decimal for mat or as a DNS name up to 63 characters. ■ Y ou can specify the UNIX syslog Fac[...]

Using SmartPhone for T elephone Ser vices 9-1 C C C C h h h h a a a a p p p p t t t t e e e e r r r r 9 9 9 9 U U U U s s s s ii i i n n n n g g g g S S S S m m m m a a a a r r r r t t t t P P P P h h h h o o o o n n n n e e e e f f f f o o o o r r r r T T T T e e e e ll l l e e e e p p p p h h h h o o o o n n n n e e e e S S S S e e e e r r r r v [...]

9-2 User’ s Reference Guide From the System Configuration scr een select T elephone Setup . The T elephone setup scr een appears. Select T elephone Connections . The T elephone connections screen appears. The T elephone Connections scr een is divided into two categories, Inbound and Outbound. ■ Inbound deter mines how an incoming speech call i[...]

Using SmartPhone for T elephone Ser vices 9-3 director y number to use and what kind of transmission ser vice to use. T o configur e telephone connections: 1. For Inbound Director y Number 1 Connection , press Retur n and choose one of the following selections from the pop-up menu: ■ Reject as Busy blocks calls, issuing a busy tone to the par ty[...]

9-4 User’ s Reference Guide Defining priority ringing Priority ringing allows a distinctive ring to be attached to up to 10 incoming caller identifications. For example, a United Kingdom-style ringing pattern can be used to identify calls originating fr om your home number . Y ou set priority ringing in the Priority Ringing scr een. From the Ma[...]

Using SmartPhone for T elephone Ser vices 9-5 Advanced calling features The Netopia R3100 ISDN Router suppor ts call hold, call retrieve and the Flexible Call Of fering (FCO) features known as Conference, Dr op, and T ransfer . This allows multiple ser vices to be per for med using only the hook-switch as an activator . Note: A flash hook is cur r[...]

9-6 User’ s Reference Guide Configuring supplementary ser vices Y ou set up supplementar y ser vices in the Supplementar y Ser vices screen. Fr om the Main Menu go to System Configuration and then T elephone Setup. Select Supplementar y Ser vices and press Retur n. The Supplementar y Ser vices screen appears. Both Flash Hook and Double Flash Ho[...]

Call Accounting and Default Answer Profile 10-1 C C C C h h h h a a a a p p p p t t t t e e e e r r r r 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 C C C C a a a a ll l l ll l l A A A A c c c c c c c c o o o o u u u u n n n n t t t t ii i i n n n n g g g g a a a a n n n n d d d d D D D D e e e e f f f f a a a a u u u u ll l l t t t t A A A A n n n n s s s s w w w w e e e e r[...]

10-2 User’ s Reference Guide T o enable call accounting, follow these steps: 1. Select Enable Call Accounting and toggle it to On . 2. Select Day for auto-reset of timers and enter the day of the month for the Router to reset the Call Account- ing Statistics. 3. Select Maximum Aggregate connect time (HH:MM) and enter the total amount of time to a[...]

Call Accounting and Default Answer Profile 10-3 The Call Accounting Statistics screen appears. If you select Aggregate Statistics , the following scr een appears. ■ T otal First Minutes displays the total number of first minutes of outbound calls placed during the recor ding inter val. ■ T otal Additional Minutes (HH:MM) displays the total re[...]

10-4 User’ s Reference Guide enabled, the message will read, Call Accounting Disabled. ■ Y ou can r eset the counters by selecting RESET AGGREGA TE MINUTE COUNTERS . A dialog box will ask you to confir m the reset. Select CONTINUE to r eset the counters or CANCEL to leave them as is. If you select Profile Statistics , the following screen app[...]

Call Accounting and Default Answer Profile 10-5 V iewing scheduled connections T o display a table of view-only scheduled connections, select Display/Change Scheduled Connection in the Scheduled Connections screen. Each scheduled connection occupies one r ow of the table. The first column in the table shows a one-letter repr esentation of the Day[...]

10-6 User’ s Reference Guide The other columns show: ■ The time of day that the connection will Begin At ■ The duration of the connection ( HH:MM ) ■ Whether it’s a recur ring Weekly connection or used Once Only ■ Which connection profile ( Conn. Pr of. ) is used to connect ■ Whether the scheduled connection is cur rently Enabled The[...]

Call Accounting and Default Answer Profile 10-7 demand call on the line. ■ Demand-Allowed , meaning that this schedule will per mit a demand call on the line. ■ Demand-Blocked , meaning that this schedule will prevent a demand call on the line. ■ Periodic , meaning that the connection is retried several times during the scheduled time. ■ I[...]

10-8 User’ s Reference Guide Set Once-Only Schedule If you set How Often to Once Only , select Set Once-Only Schedule and go to the Set Once-Only Schedule screen. ■ Select Place Call On (Date) and enter a date in the for mat MM/DD/YY or MM/DD/YYYY (month, day , year). Note: Y ou must enter the date in the for mat specified. The slashes ar e ma[...]

Call Accounting and Default Answer Profile 10-9 the Add Scheduled Connection screen without saving the new scheduled connection. Modifying a scheduled connection T o modify a scheduled connection, select Change Scheduled Connection in the Scheduled Connections screen to display a table of scheduled connections. Select a scheduled connection from t[...]

10-10 User’ s Reference Guide Customizing the default profile Y ou can customize the Netopia Router’s default pr ofile in the Default Answer Profile scr een under the W AN Configuration menu. 1. Select Default Answer Profile in the WAN Configuration screen. Press Retur n. The Default Profile scr een appears. 2. T o enable CNA-authenticat[...]

Call Accounting and Default Answer Profile 10-11 CNA works by checking the calling number that the Netopia Router receives during the initial setup phase of an incoming call against a set of stored numbers. Each number in the stor ed set is defined in a specific connection profile. When a match occurs, the incoming call is handled by the connec[...]

10-12 User’ s Reference Guide If a remote network has a non-standar d mask (that is, it uses subnetting), the only way for it to successfully connect to the Netopia Router is by matching a connection profile. In other wor ds, you will have to set up a connection profile for that network.If Must Match a Defined Profile is set to No , you can a[...]

IP Setup and Network Address T ranslation 11-1 C C C C h h h h a a a a p p p p t t t t e e e e r r r r 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 II I I P P P P S S S S e e e e t t t t u u u u p p p p a a a a n n n n d d d d N N N N e e e e t t t t w w w w o o o o r r r r k k k k A A A A d d d d d d d d r r r r e e e e s s s s s s s s T T T T r r r r a a a a n n n n s s s s [...]

11-2 User’ s Reference Guide Network Address T ranslation works by remapping the sour ce IP addr ess of traf fic from the LAN to a single static or dynamically assigned IP address shown to the r emote side of the router . The feature can be implemented on a per Connection Pr ofile basis. The network router can use two or mor e Connection Profi[...]

IP Setup and Network Address T ranslation 11-3 Using Network Addr ess T ranslation The following procedur e describes how to use Network Address T ranslation. 1. Pick a network number for your local network (refer r ed to as the inter nal network). This can be any IP address range you want. The Netopia R3100 ISDN Router has a default IP addr ess of[...]

11-4 User’ s Reference Guide Profile scr een. Y ou access the Addr ess T ranslation option from the IP Pr ofile Parameters menu. Select the Local W AN IP Address field. The default address is 0.0.0.0, which allows for dynamic addressing, meaning that your ISP assigns an addr ess each time you connect. However , if you want to use static addres[...]

IP Setup and Network Address T ranslation 11-5 Internal users can access the Inter net as they always do; the exter nal Inter net, however , views all traf fic fr om the internal network as originating fr om 192.163.100.6. Similarly , all traf fic your network r eceives is addressed to 192.163.100.6. Associating port numbers to nodes When an IP c[...]

11-6 User’ s Reference Guide expor ted, you can have Web ser vers on two dif fer ent IP hosts. ■ If you will be using multiple Connection Profiles, define the r emote IP address of the most accessible profile, such as that for your ISP , to the default IP gateway in the TCP/IP settings on users’ workstations. That way , IP traf fic not in[...]

IP Setup and Network Address T ranslation 11-7 Follow these steps to configure IP Setup for your Netopia R3100: ■ Select Ethernet IP Address and enter the IP addr ess for the Netopia R3100’s Ethernet por t. ■ Select Ethernet Subnet Mask and enter the subnet mask for the Ethernet IP Addr ess that you entered in the last step. ■ Select Defau[...]

11-8 User’ s Reference Guide ■ Select Add Expor t . The Add Expor ted Ser vice screen appears. ■ Select Ser vice . A pop-up menu of ser vices and por ts appears. 5. Select any of the ser vices/por ts and press Retur n to associate it with the addr ess of a ser ver on your local area network. For example, if we select www-http 80 , press Retur[...]

IP Setup and Network Address T ranslation 11-9 Press the Escape key when you ar e finished configuring Expor ted Ser vices to go back to the IP Setup screen. Follow these steps to configure IP Setup for your Netopia R3100: ■ Select Ethernet IP Address and enter the IP addr ess for the Netopia R3100’s Ethernet por t. ■ Select Ethernet Subne[...]

11-10 User’ s Reference Guide Netopia R3100 will accept routing infor mation pr ovided by RIP packets from other r outers that use dif fer ent subnet masks. ■ If you want the Netopia R3100 to adver tise its routing table to other r outers via RIP , select Transmit RIP and select v1 , v2 (broadcast) , or v2 (multicast) from the popup menu. With [...]

IP Setup and Network Address T ranslation 11-11 par ticular row and the subnet mask for the subnet in the Subnet Mask field in that row . For example: ■ T o delete a configur ed subnet, set both the IP address and subnet mask values to 0.0.0.0, either explicitly or by clearing each field and pressing Retur n or Enter to commit the change. When[...]

11-12 User’ s Reference Guide If you have configured multiple Ether net IP subnets, the IP Setup screen changes slightly: The IP address and Subnet mask items ar e hidden, and the “Define Additional Subnets...” item becomes “Subnet Configuration...”. If you select Subnet Configuration , you will retur n to the IP Subnets screen that a[...]

IP Setup and Network Address T ranslation 11-13 Viewing static r outes T o display a view-only table of static r outes, select Display/Change Static Route in the Static Routes screen. The table has the following columns: Dest. Network: The network IP address of the destination network. Subnet Mask: The subnet mask associated with the destination ne[...]

11-14 User’ s Reference Guide Priority: An indication whether the Netopia R3100 will use the static route when it conflicts with infor mation received fr om RIP packets. Enabled: An indication whether the static route should be installed in the IP r outing table. Adding a static route T o add a new static r oute, select Add Static Route in the S[...]

IP Setup and Network Address T ranslation 11-15 Metric appears below Adver tise Route Via RIP . With RIP Metric you set the number of routers, fr om 1 to 15, between the sending router and the destination router . The maximum number of r outers on a packet’s route is 15. Setting RIP Metric to 1 means that a route can involve 15 r outers, while se[...]

11-16 User’ s Reference Guide IP addr ess serving In addition to being a router , the Netopia R3100 is also an IP addr ess ser ver . Ther e are four pr otocols it can use to distribute IP addresses. ■ The first, called Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) , is widely suppor ted on PC networks, as well as Apple Macintosh computers using [...]

IP Setup and Network Address T ranslation 11-17 T o go to the IP Addr ess Ser ving screen, select IP Addr ess Ser ving in the System Configuration screen and press Retur n. Follow these steps to configure IP Addr ess Ser ving: ■ If you enabled IP Address Ser ving either by using Smar tStar t or in Easy Setup, DHCP , BootP clients, Dynamic W AN [...]

11-18 User’ s Reference Guide Address Ser ving is enabled. DHCP NetBIOS Options If your network uses NetBIOS, you can enable the Netopia R3100 to use DHCP to distribute NetBIOS infor mation. NetBIOS stands for Network Basic Input/Output System. It is a layer of software originally developed by IBM and Sytek to link a network operating system with[...]

IP Setup and Network Address T ranslation 11-19 toggle it to Ye s . ■ From the NetBIOS Type pop-up menu, select the type of NetBIOS used on your network. ■ T o ser ve DHCP clients with the NetBIOS scope, select Ser ve NetBIOS Scope and toggle it to Ye s . Select NetBIOS Scope and enter the scope. ■ T o ser ve DHCP clients with the IP addr ess[...]

11-20 User’ s Reference Guide Note: Macintosh computers that have LocalT alk or EtherT alk selected in the MacTCP contr ol panel, or “AppleT alk (MacIP)” selected in the TCP/IP control panel, must use the MacIP gateway to communicate with the Internet or any other IP network. Users should point their MacTCP or TCP/IP contr ol panel to look in[...]

IPX Setup 12-1 C C C C h h h h a a a a p p p p t t t t e e e e r r r r 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 II I I P P P P X X X X S S S S e e e e t t t t u u u u p p p p Internetwork Packet Exchange (IPX) is the network pr otocol used by Novell NetW ar e networks. This chapter shows you how to configure the Netopia R3100 for r outing data using IPX. Y ou also lear n [...]

12-2 User’ s Reference Guide IPX addr ess An IPX address consists of a network number , a node number , and a socket number . An IPX network number is composed of eight hexadecimal digits. The network number must be the same for all nodes on a par ticular physical network segment. The node number is composed of twelve hexadecimal digits and is us[...]

IPX Setup 12-3 The following is a list of common SAP ser ver types: NetBIOS NetBIOS is a protocol that per for ms tasks related to the T ranspor t and Session layers of the OSI model. It can operate over IPX, using a special broadcast packet known as “IPX Packet type 20” to communicate with IPX NetBIOS ser vers. IPX Spoofing The Netopia R3100 [...]

12-4 User’ s Reference Guide T o go to the IPX Setup scr een, from the Main Menu select System Configuration and then select Network Protocols Setup and then select IPX Setup . 1. T o enable IPX r outing, select IPX Routing , toggle it to On , and press Retur n. 2. T o change Ether net encapsulation from the commonly used 802.3 standar d, select[...]

IPX Setup 12-5 Note: The Default Gateway Address is usually set up to match the IPX Addr ess in your network Connection Profile. 8. T o configur e filters and filter sets, select Filters and Filter Sets and go to the IPX filters and filter sets screens. For infor mation on how to configur e IPX filters and filter sets, see “IPX filters?[...]

12-6 User’ s Reference Guide[...]

AppleT alk Setup 13-1 C C C C h h h h a a a a p p p p t t t t e e e e r r r r 1 1 1 1 3 3 3 3 A A A A p p p p p p p p ll l l e e e e T T T T a a a a ll l l k k k k S S S S e e e e t t t t u u u u p p p p This chapter discusses the concept of AppleT alk routing and how to configur e AppleT alk Setup for a Netopia R3100 with the AppleT alk kit insta[...]

13-2 User’ s Reference Guide T o install the AppleT alk featur es from the Main Menu, go to System Configuration and select Upgrade Feature Set . The Netopia Feature Set Upgrade scr een appears. Follow the instr uctions to enable AppleT alk on your router. Once AppleT alk is enabled, you can configure your network as described in the following [...]

AppleT alk Setup 13-3 Each computer or peripheral device (printer , client, file ser ver) connected to a network is called a node and has a unique node address , which can be any number fr om 1 to 254. Whenever you open the Chooser or any application that communicates with other computers on your network, your application compiles a list of all no[...]

13-4 User’ s Reference Guide A router has multiple communications por ts and is capable of for war ding infor mation to other r outers and devices on the internet. The r outer per for ms packet for warding, network and device addr ess maintenance, and other administrative functions requir ed by the AppleT alk pr otocols. MacIP When Macintosh comp[...]

AppleT alk Setup 13-5 Routers and seeding T o configur e AppleT alk networks, you must understand the concept of seeding . Seeding is the process by which routers (or mor e specifically , router por ts) agree on what r outing infor mation is valid. AppleT alk routers that have been reset, for example, must decide what zones and network numbers ar[...]

13-6 User’ s Reference Guide Configuring AppleT alk Y ou can configur e AppleT alk basic ser vices through the Easy Setup scr een in the Main Menu. When you install AppleT alk, EtherT alk Phase II is enabled by default. If you have other AppleT alk routers on your LAN, you can accept all of the defaults and simply enter the AppleT alk Zone Name[...]

AppleT alk Setup 13-7 EtherT alk Setup T o go to the EtherT alk Setup options scr een, select Network Protocols Setup and then select AppleT alk Setup in the System Configuration screen. Select EtherT alk Phase ll Setup and press Return. ■ If you are using EtherT alk Phase ll on the Ether net network connected to Netopia R3100, select EtherT alk[...]

13-8 User’ s Reference Guide of the network number range. Select Net High and enter the upper limit of the range. ■ Select the Seeding pop-up menu and choose the seeding method for the Netopia R3100 to use (see “Routers and seeding” on page 13-5 ). Y ou have finished configuring EtherT alk Phase II. LocalT alk Setup Note: For instr uction[...]

AppleT alk Setup 13-9 As an alternative, you can set LocalT alk seeding to soft seeding and let the Netopia R3100 r eceive the zone name and network number from the other r outer . ■ Select LocalT alk Network Number and enter the desir ed network number . ■ Select Seeding. From the pop-up menu, choose the type of seeding for the Netopia R3100?[...]

13-10 User’ s Reference Guide Site A has an AURP tunnel to site B. Both sides have multiple zones defined on the EtherT alk por t and a unique zone on their LocalT alk por ts. If side A has indicated one of its EtherT alk zones is the Free T rade Zone and has opted to use the Free T rade Zone option for its tunnel to B, then only this Free T rad[...]

AppleT alk Setup 13-11 Deleting an AURP partner ■ T o delete an AURP par tner , select Delete Par tner in the AURP Setup scr een and press Retur n to display a table of existing par tners. Use the Up and Down Ar row keys to select an AURP par tner, then press Return to delete it. Pr ess the Escape key to exit without deleting a par tner . Receivi[...]

13-12 User’ s Reference Guide Raising the tickle packet inter val does not ensure that the AURP tunnel is dr opped or not brought up. If any application on the local network generates AppleT alk traf fic destined for the network at the r emote end of the AURP tunnel, the tunnel remains up. For example, if a host on the local network connects to [...]

Monitoring T ools 14-1 C C C C h h h h a a a a p p p p t t t t e e e e r r r r 1 1 1 1 4 4 4 4 M M M M o o o o n n n n ii i i t t t t o o o o r r r r ii i i n n n n g g g g T T T T o o o o o o o o ll l l s s s s This chapter discusses the Netopia R3100’s device and network monitoring tools. These tools can provide statistical infor mation, repor [...]

14-2 User’ s Reference Guide General status Current Date: The cur r ent date; this can be set with the Date and Time utility (see “Date and Time” on page 8-14 ). Default IP Gateway: The router’s default gateway , which may be either manually configured or lear ned via DHCP . This is the value you assigned in the Default IP Gateway field o[...]

Monitoring T ools 14-3 Curr ent status The cur rent status section is a table showing the cur r ent status of the WAN. For example: Profile Name: Lists the name of the connection pr ofile being used, if any . State: Lists the por ts in use for this connection. %Use: Indicates the average percent utilization of the maximum capacity of the channels[...]

14-4 User’ s Reference Guide Statistics & Logs When you are tr oubleshooting your Netopia R3100, the Statistics & Logs screens pr ovide insight into the recent event activities of the router . From the Main Menu go to Statistics & Logs and select one of the options described in the sections below . General Statistics T o go to the Gen[...]

Monitoring T ools 14-5 Physical Interface The top left side of the screen lists total packets r eceived and total packets transmitted for the following data por ts: ■ Ethernet Hub ■ Aux Async or LocalT alk (if the optional AppleT alk feature set is installed) ■ ISDN B1 Channel ■ ISDN B2 Channel ■ ISDN D Channel Network Interface The botto[...]

14-6 User’ s Reference Guide W AN Event Histor y The W AN Event Histor y scr een lists a total of 128 events on the WAN. The most recent events appear at the top. Each entr y in the list contains the following infor mation: Time: Time of the event. Date: Date of the event. Event: A brief description of the event. Ch.: The channel involved in the [...]

Monitoring T ools 14-7 T o get mor e infor mation about any event listed in the W AN Event Histor y , select the event and then pr ess Return. A dialog box containing mor e infor mation about the selected event will appear . Pr ess Return or Escape to dismiss the dialog box. T o clear the event histor y , select Clear Histor y at the bottom of the [...]

14-8 User’ s Reference Guide Each of the routing table scr eens repr esents a “snapshot” of the routing table infor mation at the time the screen is first invoked. T o take a new snapshot, select Update at the bottom of the screen and press Retur n. IP routing table In the Statistics & Logs screen, select IP Routing T able and press Retu[...]

Monitoring T ools 14-9 IPX routing table In the Statistics & Logs screen, select IPX Routing T able and press Retur n. The IPX routing table displays all of the IPX r outes cur rently known to the Netopia R3100. IPX Sap Bindery table In the Statistics & Logs screen, select IPX Sap Binder y T able and press Retur n. The IPX Sap Binder y tabl[...]

14-10 User’ s Reference Guide Def Zone Name: Displays the zone or zones associated with the specified network or network range. The zone name shown is either the only zone or the default zone name for an extended network. T o see the complete list of zones for an extended network with multiple zones, select the entr y in the table and press Retu[...]

Monitoring T ools 14-11 The IP Address Lease Management scr een appears. This screen has thr ee options: ■ Reset All Leases : Resets all cur rent IP addr esses leased through DHCP without waiting for the default one–hour lease period to elapse ■ Release BootP Leases : Releases any BootP leases that may be in place, and which may no longer be [...]

14-12 User’ s Reference Guide System Information The System Infor mation screen gives a summar y view of the general system level values in the Netopia R3100 ISDN Router. From the Statistics & Logs menu select System Information . The System Infor mation scr een appears. The infor mation display varies by model, fir mware version, featur e s[...]

Monitoring T ools 14-13 The SNMP Setup screen From the Main Menu, select SNMP in the System Configuration screen and pr ess Retur n. The SNMP Setup screen appears. Follow these steps to configure the first thr ee items in the screen: 1. Select System Name and enter a descriptive name for the Netopia R3100’s SNMP agent. 2. Select System Locatio[...]

14-14 User’ s Reference Guide By default, the read-only and r ead/write community strings are set to “public” and “private,” r espectively . Y ou should change both of the default community strings to values known only to you and tr usted system adminis- trators. T o change a community string, select it and enter a new value. Caution! Eve[...]

Monitoring T ools 14-15 Setting the IP trap receivers 1. Select Add IP Trap Receiver . 2. Select Receiver IP Address or Domain Name . Enter the IP address or domain name of the SNMP manager you want to receive the trap. 3. Select Community String . Enter whatever community string is appropriate for the traps to be sent to the management station who[...]

14-16 User’ s Reference Guide[...]

Security 15-1 C C C C h h h h a a a a p p p p t t t t e e e e r r r r 1 1 1 1 5 5 5 5 S S S S e e e e c c c c u u u u r r r r ii i i t t t t y y y y The Netopia R3100 provides a number of security featur es to help protect its configuration scr eens and your local network from unauthorized access. Although these featur es are optional, it is str o[...]

15-2 User’ s Reference Guide User accounts When you first set up and configure the Netopia R3100, no passwor ds are r equired to access the configuration screens. Anyone could tamper with the r outer’s configuration by simply connecting it to a console. However , by adding user accounts, you can protect the most sensitive scr eens from unau[...]

Security 15-3 T o display a view-only list of user accounts, select Show Users in the Security Options screen. T o add a new user account, select Add User in the Security Options screen and pr ess Retur n to go to the Add Name With Write Access screen. Follow these steps to configure the new account: 1. Select Enter Name and enter a descriptive na[...]

15-4 User’ s Reference Guide Enable SmartStart/SmartV iew/Web Server Y ou may wish to r estrict access to the web-based screens to pr event inadver tent switching or connecting and disconnecting of Connection Profiles. Since Smar tStar t can be used to r econfigure the r outer , you may wish to block inadver tent damage resulting fr om unauthor[...]

Security 15-5 How filter sets work A filter set acts like a team of customs inspectors. Each filter is an inspector through which incoming and outgoing packages must pass. The inspectors work as a team, but each inspects ever y package individually . Each inspector has a specific task. One inspector’s task may be to examine the destination ad[...]

15-6 User’ s Reference Guide If the package does not match the first inspector’s criteria, it goes to the second inspector , and so on. Y ou can see that the order of the inspectors in the line is ver y impor tant. For example, let’s say the first inspector’s orders ar e to send along all packages that come from Rome, and the second inspe[...]

Security 15-7 How individual filters work As described above, a filter applies criteria to an IP packet and then takes one of three actions: A filter’ s actions ■ Passes the packet to the local or remote network ■ Blocks (discards) the packet ■ Ignores the packet A filter passes or blocks a packet only if it finds a match after applyin[...]

15-8 User’ s Reference Guide Port numbers A filter can also match a packet’s por t number attributes, but only if the filter’s protocol type is set to TCP or UDP , since only those pr otocols use por t numbers. The filter can be configured to match the following: ■ The source por t number (the por t on the sending host that originated t[...]

Security 15-9 Greater Than or Equal: For the filter to match, the packet’s por t number must be gr eater than or equal to the por t number specified in the filter . Other filter attributes There ar e three other attributes to each filter: ■ The filter’s order (i.e., priority) in the filter set ■ Whether the filter is cur rently acti[...]

15-10 User’ s Reference Guide Src. Por t: The sour ce por t to match. This is the por t on the sending host that originated the packet. D. Por t: The destination por t to match. This is the por t on the receiving host for which the packet is intended. On?: Displays Ye s when the filter is in ef fect or No when it is not. Fwd: Shows whether the ?[...]

Security 15-11 This four-step process is how we pr oduced the following filter from the original r ule: Filtering example #2 Suppose a filter is configured to block all incoming IP packets with the sour ce IP address of 200.233.14.0, regar dless of the type of connection or its destination. The filter would look like this: This filter blocks a[...]

15-12 User’ s Reference Guide Disadvantages of filters Although using filter sets can greatly enhance network security , there ar e disadvantages: ■ Filters are complex. Combining them in filter sets intr oduces subtle interactions, increasing the likelihood of implementation er rors. ■ Enabling a lar ge number of filters can have a negat[...]

Security 15-13 The procedur e for creating and maintaining filter sets is as follows: 1. Add a new filter set. 2. Create the filters for the new filter set. 3. View , change, or delete individual filters and filter sets. The sections below explain how to execute these steps. Adding a filter set Y ou can cr eate up to eight dif fer ent custom[...]

15-14 User’ s Reference Guide Naming a new filter set All new filter sets have a default name. The first filter set you add will be called Filter Set 1, the next filter will be Filter Set 2, and so on. T o give a new filter set a dif ferent name, select Filter Set Name and enter a new name for the filter set. T o save the filter set, sele[...]

Security 15-15 Packets in the Netopia R3100 pass through an input filter if they originate in the W AN and through an output filter if they’re being sent out to the W AN. The process for adding input and output filters is exactly the same. The main dif ference between the two involves their refer ence to source and destination . From the persp[...]

15-16 User’ s Reference Guide 1. T o make the filter active in the filter set, select Enabled and toggle it to Ye s . If Enabled is toggled to No , the filter can still exist in the filter set, but it will have no ef fect. 2. If you want the filter to for ward packets that match its criteria to the destination IP addr ess, select For ward an[...]

Security 15-17 10. When you are finished configuring the filter , select ADD THIS FIL TER NOW to save the filter in the filter set. Select CANCEL to discard the filter . Viewing filters T o display a view-only table of input (output) filters, select Display/Change Input Filters ( Display/Change Output Filters ) in the Add IP Filter Set scre[...]

15-18 User’ s Reference Guide Modifying filter sets T o modify a filter set, select Display/Change Filter Set in the Filter Sets screen to display a list of filter sets. Select a filter set from the list and pr ess Return to go to the Change IP Filter Set scr een. The items in this screen ar e the same as the ones in the Add Filter screen (se[...]

Security 15-19 The five input filters and one output filter that make up Basic Firewall ar e shown in the table below . Basic Firewall’s filters play the following r oles. Input filters 1 and 2: These block W AN-originated OpenWindows and X-Windows sessions. Ser vice origination requests for these pr otocols use por ts 2000 and 6000, respect[...]

15-20 User’ s Reference Guide Basic Firewall is suitable for a LAN containing only client hosts that wish to access ser vers on the WAN, not for a LAN containing ser vers providing ser vices to clients on the WAN. Basic Firewall’s general strategy is to explicitly pass W AN-originated TCP and UDP traf fic to por ts greater than 1023. Por ts lo[...]

Security 15-21 FTP sessions. T o allow WAN-originated FTP sessions to a LAN-based FTP ser ver with the IP addr ess a.b.c.d (cor responding to a number ed IP address such as 163.176.8.243), inser t the following input filter ahead of the cur rent input filter 1: ■ Enabled: Y es ■ For ward: Y es ■ Source IP Addr ess: 0.0.0.0 ■ Source IP Add[...]

15-22 User’ s Reference Guide IPX filters IPX packet filters work ver y similarly to IP packet filters. They filter data traf fic coming fr om or going to remote IPX networks. IPX filters can be set up to pass or discard IPX packets based on a number of user-defined criteria. Like IP filters, IPX filters must be grouped in sets that ar e[...]

Security 15-23 The items in the IPX Filters and Filter Sets screen ar e grouped into four ar eas: ■ IPX packet filters ■ IPX packet filter sets ■ IPX SAP filters ■ IPX SAP filter sets The following sections explain the items in each of these areas. IPX packet filters For each IPX packet filter , you can configure a set of parameters [...]

15-24 User’ s Reference Guide 1. Select Filter Name and enter a descriptive name for the filter . 2. T o specify a sour ce network for the filter to match on, select Source Network and enter an IPX network address. 3. T o specify a sour ce node for the filter to match on, select Source Node Addr ess and enter an IPX node address. 4. T o specif[...]

Security 15-25 Follow these steps to configure the new packet filter set: 1. Select Filter Set Name and enter a descriptive name for the filter set. 2. T o change the for war ding action of filters in the filter set, select Show Filters/Change Action on Match and press Retur n to go to the Show Filters/Change Actions on Match screen. Select a [...]

15-26 User’ s Reference Guide 3. T o add a filter to the filter set, select Append Filter to display a table of filters. Select a filter from the table and press Retur n to add it to the filter set. The default action of newly added filters is to not for war d packets that match their criteria. T o exit the table without adding the filter [...]

Security 15-27 Adding a SAP filter T o add a new IPX SAP filter , select Add IPX SAP Filter in the IPX Filters and Filter Sets screen and press Retur n to go to the Add SAP Filter screen. By default, the filter’s socket and type numbers and network and node addresses ar e null (all zeros). This sets the filter to match on any IPX SAP packet e[...]

15-28 User’ s Reference Guide Deleting a SAP filter T o delete a SAP filter , select Delete IPX SAP filter in the IPX Filters and Filter Sets scr een to display a table of filters. Select a filter from the table and pr ess Return to delete it. Pr ess the Escape key to exit the table without deleting the filter . IPX SAP filter sets Before [...]

Security 15-29 Select a filter and toggle the entr y for war ding action to Ye s (pass) or No (discar d). 3. T o add a filter to the filter set, select Append Filter to display a table of filters. Select a filter from the table and press Retur n to add it to the filter set. The default action of newly added filters is to not for war d (disca[...]

15-30 User’ s Reference Guide Fir ewall tutorial General Fir ewall T erms Firewall : a component or set of components that r estrict access between a protected network and the Inter net, or between two networks. Host : A workstation on the Network. Packet : Unit of communication on the Internet. Packet Filter : Packet filters allow or deny packe[...]

Security 15-31 Example TCP/UDP Ports Fir ewall design rules There ar e two basic r ules to firewall design: ■ “What is not explicitly allowed is denied...” and ■ “What is not explicitly denied is allowed...” The first r ule is far more secur e, and is the best approach to fir ewall design. It is far easier (and more secur e) to allow[...]

15-32 User’ s Reference Guide and a packet goes through these r ules destined for FTP , the packet would pass thr ough the first filter r ule (WWW), match the second r ule (FTP) and the packet is allowed through. Even though the next r ule is to deny all FTP traf fic, the FTP packet will never make it to this r ule. Binary Representation It is[...]

Security 15-33 Established Connections The TCP header contains one bit called the ACK Bit (or TCP Ack bit). This ACK Bit only appears with TCP , not UDP . The ACK bit is par t of the TCP mechanism that guaranteed the deliver y of data. The ACK bit is set whenever one side of a connection has received data fr om the other side. Only the first TCP p[...]

15-34 User’ s Reference Guide Example Network Example Filters Example 1 Incoming packet has the source addr ess of 200.1.1.28 Less Than Or Equal Any por t less than or equal to the por t defined Equal Matches only the por t defined Greater Than or Equal Matches the por t or any por t greater Greater Than Matches anything greater than the por t [...]

Security 15-35 This incoming IP packet has a source IP addr ess that matches the network address in the Sour ce IP Address field (00000000) in the Netopia R3100. This will NOT for ward this packet. Example 2 Incoming packet has the source addr ess of 200.1.1.184 This incoming IP packet (10000000) has a source IP addr ess that does not match the ne[...]

15-36 User’ s Reference Guide Since the Source IP Network Addr ess in the Netopia R3100 is 01100000, and the sour ce IP address after the logical AND is 1011000, this r ule does NOT match and this packet will be passed. Example 4 Incoming packet has the source addr ess of 200.1.1.104 Since the Source IP Network Addr ess in the Netopia R3100 is 01[...]

Security 15-37 Since the Source IP Network Addr ess in the Netopia R3100 is 01100000, and the sour ce IP address after the logical AND is 01100000, this r ule DOES match and this packet will NOT be passed. This r ule masks of f a SINGLE IP address. T oken Security Authentication This section discusses how to configure and use security authenticati[...]

15-38 User’ s Reference Guide The Netopia R3100 suppor ts the following user configurations for security authentication: ■ Single user , calling a single destination (single session) ■ Single user , calling multiple destinations (two simultaneous and separate sessions) ■ Multiple users, calling a single destination (single session) ■ Mul[...]

Security 15-39 2. Select Send Authentication and press Retur n. From the pop-up menu, highlight P AP-TOKEN or CACHE-TOKEN . Y our network administrator or the r emote network administrator will tell you which method to select. If you select P AP-TOKEN, select Send User Name and enter a name for your Netopia R3100. Y ou will not need to enter a Send[...]

15-40 User’ s Reference Guide 1. Select Secure Authentication Monitor and pr ess Return. The Secur e Authentication Monitor screen appears. 2. W ait for the call to initiate. 3. From the fields that appear , select Enter P ASSCODE and press Retur n. Enter your PIN and the code displayed on your security authentication token card LED. 4. Once the[...]

Security 15-41 Note: When using CACHE-TOKEN, your passcode is valid for a time inter val deter mined by the network administrator . When this time inter val expires, you must pr ovide a new passcode for the call negotiation. When using P AP-TOKEN, your passcode is valid for one call negotiation. For a second call negotiation, you must enter the nex[...]

15-42 User’ s Reference Guide[...]

Utilities and Diagnostics 16-1 C C C C h h h h a a a a p p p p t t t t e e e e r r r r 1 1 1 1 6 6 6 6 U U U U t t t t ii i i ll l l ii i i t t t t ii i i e e e e s s s s a a a a n n n n d d d d D D D D ii i i a a a a g g g g n n n n o o o o s s s s t t t t ii i i c c c c s s s s A number of utilities and tests are available for system diagnostic a[...]

16-2 User’ s Reference Guide Ping The Netopia R3100 includes a standard Ping test utility . A Ping test generates IP packets destined for a par ticular (Ping-capable) IP host. Each time the tar get host receives a Ping packet, it r etur ns a packet to the original sender . Ping allows you to see whether a par ticular IP destination is reachable f[...]

Utilities and Diagnostics 16-3 While the Ping test is r unning, and when it is over , a status field and a number of statistical items are active on the screen. These ar e described below . Status: The cur rent status of the Ping test. This item can display the following messages: Packets Out: The number of packets sent by the Ping test. Packets I[...]

16-4 User’ s Reference Guide Packets Lost: The number of packets unaccounted for , shown in total and as a percentage of total packets sent. This statistic may be updated during the Ping test, and may not be accurate until after the test is over . However , if an escalating one-to-one cor respondence is seen between Packets Out and Packets Lost ,[...]

Utilities and Diagnostics 16-5 The T elnet client scr een appears. ■ Enter the host name or the IP address in dotted decimal for mat of the machine you want to telnet into and press Retur n. ■ Either accept the default control character "Q" used to suspend the T elnet session, or type a dif ferent one. ■ ST ART A TELNET SESSION beco[...]

16-6 User’ s Reference Guide T o trace a r oute, follow these steps: 1. Select Host Name or IP Address and enter the name or addr ess of the destination you want to trace. 2. Select Maximum hops (1..64) to set the maximum number of r outers to count between the Netopia Router and the destination router , up to the maximum of 64. The default is 30[...]

Utilities and Diagnostics 16-7 Disconnect T elnet Console Session If you want to close your T elnet Console session, select Disconnect T elnet Console Session and pr ess Return. A dialog box appears asking you to cancel or continue your selection. If you select Continue , you will immediately ter minate your session. Factory defaults Y ou can r ese[...]

16-8 User’ s Reference Guide The sections below describe how to update the Router’s fir mware and how to download and upload configuration files. Updating firmwar e Fir mware updates may be available periodically fr om Netopia or from a site maintained by your or ganization’s network administrator . The router fir mwar e gover ns how the[...]

Utilities and Diagnostics 16-9 will reset at the end of the file transfer to put the new fir mwar e into ef fect. While the system r esets, the LEDs will blink on and of f. Caution! ■ Be sure the fir mwar e update you load onto your router is the cor r ect version for your par ticular model. Some models do not suppor t all fir mware versions.[...]

16-10 User’ s Reference Guide Uploading a file can also be useful for troubleshooting purposes. The uploaded configuration file can be tested on a dif fer ent Netopia R3100 unit by Netopia or your network administrator . T o upload a configuration file, follow these steps: 1. Select TFTP Ser ver Name and enter the ser ver name or IP address [...]

Utilities and Diagnostics 16-11 1. Make sure you have the fir mwar e file on disk and know the path to its location. 2. Select Send Firmwar e to Netopia and press Retur n. The following dialog box appears: 3. Select CANCEL to exit without downloading the file, or select CONTINUE to download the file. If you choose CONTINUE , you will have ten s[...]

16-12 User’ s Reference Guide 3. Select CANCEL to exit without downloading the file, or select CONTINUE to download the file. If you choose CONTINUE , you will have ten seconds to use your ter minal emulation software to initiate an XMODEM transfer of the configuration file. If you fail to initiate the transfer in that time, the dialog box wi[...]

Utilities and Diagnostics 16-13 ISDN Switch Loopback T est The ISDN loopback test is designed to confir m the existence of a working ISDN line and the proper configuration of cer tain Netopia R3100 ISDN Router parameters. This test is available only on switched ISDN lines. Using the first B-channel, the test calls the Netopia R3100 on the second[...]

16-14 User’ s Reference Guide If the loopback test fails Follow these suggestions to track down the reason behind the loopback test’s failur e: ■ Check that the W AN Ready LED is solid gr een. ■ Check the ISDN event log and get more infor mation about events that seem r elevant to the failure. ■ Check the B-channel usage in the Quick View[...]

P P P P a a a a r r r r t t t t II I I II I I II I I : : : : A A A A p p p p p p p p e e e e n n n n d d d d ii i i x x x x e e e e s s s s[...]

User’ s Reference Guide[...]

T r oubleshooting A-1 A A A A p p p p p p p p e e e e n n n n d d d d ii i i x x x x A A A A T T T T r r r r o o o o u u u u b b b b ll l l e e e e s s s s h h h h o o o o o o o o t t t t ii i i n n n n g g g g This appendix is intended to help you troubleshoot pr oblems you may encounter while setting up and using the Netopia R3100. It also includ[...]

A-2 User’ s Reference Guide SmartStart T roubleshooting The Status field of the Smar tStar t application will display infor mation and indicate problems as they ar e detected. Console connection pr oblems Can’t see the configuration scr eens (nothing appears) ■ Check the cable connection from the Netopia R3100’s console por t to the compu[...]

T r oubleshooting A-3 Power outages If you suspect that power was restor ed after a power outage, and the Netopia R3100 is connected to a remote site, you may need to switch the Netopia R3100 of f and then back on again. After temporar y power outages, a connection that still seems to be up may actually be disconnected. Rebooting the router should [...]

A-4 User’ s Reference Guide Phone: 1 800-782-6449 Fax: 1 510-814-5023 Netopia, Inc. Customer Ser vice 2470 Mariner Square Loop Alameda, California 94501 USA Netopia Bulletin Board Ser vice: 1 510-865-1321 Online product information Product infor mation can be found in the following: Netopia World Wide W eb ser ver via http://www .netopia.com Inte[...]

Setting Up T elco Ser vices B-1 Appendix B Setting Up T elco Ser vices This chapter describes how to obtain telco ser vices from your telephone ser vice pr ovider . This section covers the following topics: ■ “Obtaining an ISDN line” on page B-1 ■ “Completing the ISDN worksheet” on page B-5 North America only Note: If you signed up for [...]

B-2 User’ s Reference Guide The physical ISDN line Y ou can either conver t an existing analog telephone line to ISDN or install a new ISDN line. In either case, make sure ther e is a wall jack for the line near the location where you intend to install the Netopia Router . In many cases, ISDN can use the same physical wire used for analog ser vic[...]

Setting Up T elco Ser vices B-3 Not all telephone ser vice providers ar e aware of IOCs. Even though these pr oviders may not understand IOCs, they will be familiar with the features and parameters that the IOC defines and can pr ovision the ISDN line accordingly . For a complete listing of all IOCs, or for more infor mation about IOCs, r efer to [...]

B-4 User’ s Reference Guide Long-distance ISDN calls (North American models only) If you are inter ested in placing long-distance calls on your Netopia Router , you will want to sign up with a long-distance telephone car rier company that of fers connectivity over ISDN. When the Netopia Router places long-distance calls on your ISDN line, you wil[...]

Setting Up T elco Ser vices B-5 Completing the ISDN worksheet The following ISDN worksheets are pr ovided for you to enter ISDN account infor mation. For your convenience, you may want to photocopy the appropriate ISDN worksheet, and then complete the copy . When completing the worksheet, fill in: ■ Section 1 when you find out from whom you’l[...]

B-6 User’ s Reference Guide ISDN T elco W orksheet for North America 1. ISDN Ser vice Provider (T elephone Company) contact information Name and Address: ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ T elephone/Fax numbers: ________________[...]

Setting Up T elco Ser vices B-7 ISDN T elco W orksheet for Outside North America 1. ISDN Ser vice Provider (T elephone Company) contact information Name and Address: ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ T elephone/Fax numbers: ______[...]

B-8 User’ s Reference Guide[...]

North American T elco Provisioning for ISDN C-1 Appendix C North American T elco Provisioning for ISDN * While not a 5ESS NI-1 parameter , this feature is suppor ted. This feature is not available on 5ESS custom (Multipoint or Pt-to-Pt). ** Flexible Calling includes Hold, Drop, Confer ence, and T ransfer . Future Netopia fir mwar e releases will s[...]

C-2 User’ s Reference Guide[...]

Setting Up Internet Services D-1 A A A A p p p p p p p p e e e e n n n n d d d d ii i i x x x x D D D D S S S S e e e e t t t t t t t t ii i i n n n n g g g g U U U U p p p p II I I n n n n t t t t e e e e r r r r n n n n e e e e t t t t S S S S e e e e r r r r v v v v ii i i c c c c e e e e s s s s This chapter describes how to obtain and set up I[...]

D-2 User’ s Reference Guide Pricing and support Compare pricing, ser vice, and technical suppor t ser vice among various ISPs. ISP’ s Point of presence Check with your ISP for the location of their nearest point of pr esence (POP) in refer ence to your site. In some instances, the ISP that you choose may not of fer a POP in your local ar ea. If[...]

Setting Up Internet Services D-3 Obtaining information from the ISP After your account is set up, the ISP should send you the IP parameter infor mation that will help you to configure the Netopia R3100. Local LAN IP address information to obtain With Network Addr ess T ranslation If you are using Smar tIP (NA T), you should obtain the following: ?[...]

D-4 User’ s Reference Guide Remote W AN IP address information to obtain ■ The telephone number of the ISP’s local or nearby dial-up POP (point-of-presence). ■ Remote IP address of r outer at ISP or other remote site ■ Remote IP subnet mask address of r outer at ISP or other remote site ■ PPP authentication type for router at the ISP , [...]

Understanding IP Addressing E-1 A A A A p p p p p p p p e e e e n n n n d d d d ii i i x x x x E E E E U U U U n n n n d d d d e e e e r r r r s s s s t t t t a a a a n n n n d d d d ii i i n n n n g g g g II I I P P P P A A A A d d d d d d d d r r r r e e e e s s s s s s s s ii i i n n n n g g g g This appendix is a brief general introduction to I[...]

E-2 User’ s Reference Guide IP addresses indicate both the identity of the network and the identity of the individual host on the network. The number of bits used for the network number and the number of bits used for the host number can var y , as long as cer tain r ules ar e followed. The local network manager assigns IP host numbers to individ[...]

Understanding IP Addressing E-3 Subnet masks T o cr eate subnets, the network manager must define a subnet mask, a 32-bit number that indicates which bits in an IP address ar e used for network and subnetwork addresses, and which ar e used for host addresses. One subnet mask should apply to all IP networks that are physically connected together an[...]

E-4 User’ s Reference Guide Network configuration Below is a diagram of a simple network configuration. The ISP is providing a Class C addr ess to the customer site, and both networks A and B want to gain Internet access thr ough this address. Netopia R3100 B connects to Netopia R3100 A and is provided Inter net access through Routers A and B. [...]

Understanding IP Addressing E-5 Background The IP Addresses and r outing configurations for the devices shown in the diagram are outlined below . In addition, each individual field and its meaning are described. The “IP Address” and “Subnet Mask” fields define the IP Addr ess and Subnet Mask of the device's Ethernet connection to t[...]

E-6 User’ s Reference Guide There ar e two schemes for distributing the remaining IP addr esses: ■ Manually give each computer an address ■ Let the Netopia R3100 automatically distribute the addresses These two methods are not mutually exclusive; you can manually issue some of the addr esses while the rest are distributed by the Netopia R3100[...]

Understanding IP Addressing E-7 Configuration This section describes the specific IP address lease, r enew , and release mechanisms for both the Mac and PC, with either DHCP or MacIP address ser ving. DHCP Address Serving Windows 95 Workstation: ■ The Win95 workstation requests and r enews its lease ever y half hour . ■ The Win95 workstation [...]

E-8 User’ s Reference Guide and ser ver . MacIP Serving Macintosh W orkstation (MacTCP or Open T ranspor t): Once the Mac workstation requests and r eceives a valid address, the Netopia R3100 will actively check for the workstation’s existence once ever y minute. ■ For a DYNAMIC address, the Netopia R3100 will r elease the address back to the[...]

Understanding IP Addressing E-9 The figure above shows an example of a block of IP addr esses being distributed cor rectly . The example follows these r ules: ■ An IP address must not be used as a static addr ess if it is also in a range of addresses being distributed by DHCP or MacIP . ■ A single IP address range is used by all the addr ess-s[...]

E-10 User’ s Reference Guide Nested IP subnets Under cer tain situations, you may wish to create r emote subnets from the limited number of IP addr esses issued by your ISP or other authority . Y ou can do this using connection pr ofiles. These subnets can be nested within the range of IP addresses available to your network. For example, suppose[...]

Understanding IP Addressing E-11 Routers B and C (which could also be Netopia R3100s) ser ve the two remote networks that ar e subnets of a.b.c.0. The subnetting is accomplished by configuring the Netopia R3100 with connection profiles for Routers B and C (see the following table). The Netopia R3100’s connection profiles for Routers B and C cr[...]

E-12 User’ s Reference Guide The following diagram illustrates the IP address space taken up by the two r emote IP subnets. Y ou can see fr om the diagram why the ter m nested is appropriate for describing these subnets. Br oadcasts As mentioned earlier , binar y IP host or subnet addresses composed entir ely of ones or zeros ar e reser ved for b[...]

Understanding Netopia NA T Behavior F-1 A A A A p p p p p p p p e e e e n n n n d d d d ii i i x x x x F F F F U U U U n n n n d d d d e e e e r r r r s s s s t t t t a a a a n n n n d d d d ii i i n n n n g g g g N N N N e e e e t t t t o o o o p p p p ii i i a a a a N N N N A A A A T T T T B B B B e e e e h h h h a a a a v v v v ii i i o o o o r [...]

F-2 User’ s Reference Guide When the Netopia R3100 establishes a connection over its W AN inter face with another r outer it uses the Point to Point Protocol (PPP). Within PPP ther e is a Network Control Pr otocol (NCP) called Internet Pr otocol Contr ol Protocol (IPCP) which handles the negotiation of IP addr esses between the two routers, in th[...]

Understanding Netopia NA T Behavior F-3 When the Netopia R3100 receives this IP packet, it can not simply for war d it to the WAN inter face and the Internet since the IP addr esses on the LAN inter face ar e not valid or globally unique for the Inter net. Instead the Netopia R3100 has to change the IP packet to reflect the IP addr ess that was ac[...]

F-4 User’ s Reference Guide As you can see, when Workstation A and W orkstation B transmit an IP packet to the WWW Ser ver on the Internet, they have unique sour ce IP addr esses on the LAN inter face but potentially the same sour ce por ts, which in this case is 400. When the Netopia R3100 receives these packets, the sour ce IP addresses ar e su[...]

Understanding Netopia NA T Behavior F-5 With this infor mation the Netopia R3100 can deter mine the appropriate r outing for an IP response fr om the Internet. In this case when the WWW Ser ver responds with a destination por t of 5001, the Netopia R3100 can see that this packet's destination on the local LAN inter face is actually Workstation[...]

F-6 User’ s Reference Guide Important notes Even with the advantages of NA T , ther e are several things you should note car efully: ■ There is no for mally agr eed upon method among router vendors to handle an all-zer os IPCP request. The majority of router vendors use the all-zer os IPCP request to deter mine when a dial-in host wants to be a[...]

Understanding Netopia NA T Behavior F-7 T oggling Addr ess T ranslation Enabled to Y es enables the Netopia R3100 to send out an all-zer os IPCP address that requests an IP to be assigned to the Netopia R3100’s WAN inter face. Note that the r emote IP address is 127.0.0.2, which should also be the Default Gateway under IP Setup in System Configu[...]

F-8 User’ s Reference Guide Within Expor ted Ser vices is a pop-up containing a list of well known TCP and UDP ser vices that can be redir ected to a single host on the Netopia R3100’s LAN inter face. There is also an “Other ...” option which allows for manual configuration of additional TCP or UDP por ts. There can be a total of 32 Expor [...]

Understanding Frame Relay G-1 A A A A p p p p p p p p e e e e n n n n d d d d ii i i x x x x G G G G U U U U n n n n d d d d e e e e r r r r s s s s t t t t a a a a n n n n d d d d ii i i n n n n g g g g F F F F r r r r a a a a m m m m e e e e R R R R e e e e ll l l a a a a y y y y This appendix explains some of the major components of Frame Relay [...]

G-2 User’ s Reference Guide Committed Information Rate (CIR) The Committed Infor mation Rate is a tool your Frame Relay ser vice provider uses to manage your PVCs. The CIR measures the average amount of nor mal priority data your Frame Relay network will attempt to deliver in a given time inter val. Committed Burst Size (B c ) The Committed Burst[...]

Understanding Frame Relay G-3 B c = Committed burst B e = Excess burst CIR = Committed infor mation rate T o = Beginning of inter val T c = Inter val B c /CIR Addr essing The logical address of a PVC is called the data link connection identifier (DLCI). The DLCI identifies each PVC within a shared physical channel. Frame Relay packets are exchang[...]

G-4 User’ s Reference Guide Encapsulation and Fragmentation RFC 1490 describes an encapsulation method for car r ying packets acr oss a Frame Relay network. All protocol packets are encapsulated within a Q.922 Annex A frame (a CCITT specification for data frames). The frames must also contain infor mation necessar y to identify the protocol bein[...]

Understanding Frame Relay G-5 Note that the four routers above ar e connected in a par tial mesh, all on the same IP network (1.0.0.0/24). Router 1 and router 2 cannot communicate dir ectly , because there is no PVC between them. However , they can communicate via router 3 or r outer 4. The same is tr ue for r outer 3 and router 4, which can commun[...]

G-6 User’ s Reference Guide[...]

Event Histories H-1 Appendix H Event Histories This appendix is a list of some of the events that can appear in the Netopia R3100’s Event Histories. The text that appears in a histor y is shown in bold, followed by a brief explanation and the parameters associated with the event. The Event Histories display events for the Device and for the W AN [...]

H-2 User’ s Reference Guide ISDN Line Active: ISDN L1 active - L1 not ready to car r y L2 data. Associated parameter: switch type or protocol. SPID Initialized: SPID accepted by switch. Associated parameter: director y number associated with SPID. SPID Failed: SPID rejected/r emoved by switch. Associated parameter: director y number associated wi[...]

Event Histories H-3 Cause No. 3: no route to destination. This cause indicates that the called user cannot be reached because the network through which the call has been r outed does not ser ve the destination desired. This cause is suppor ted on a network-dependent basis. Cause No. 6: channel unacceptable. This cause indicates that the channel use[...]

H-4 User’ s Reference Guide Cause No. 34: no circuit/channel available. This cause indicates that there is no appr opriate cir cuit/channel presently available to handle the call. Cause No. 38: network out of order . This cause indicates that the network is not functioning cor r ectly and that the condition is likely to last a relatively long per[...]

Event Histories H-5 Cause No. 81: invalid call refer ence value. This cause indicates that the equipment sending this cause has received a message with a call r eference which is not cur r ently in use on the user-network inter face. Cause No. 82: identified channel does not exist. This cause indicates that the equipment sending this cause has rec[...]

H-6 User’ s Reference Guide Cause No. 100: invalid information element contents. This cause indicates that the equipment sending this cause has received an infor mation element which it has implemented; however , one or more of the fields in the infor mation element are coded in a way that has not been implemented by the equipment sending this c[...]

ISDN Configuration Guide I-1 Appendix I ISDN Configuration Guide This appendix contains supplemental ISDN configuration infor mation. This section covers the following topics: ■ “Definitions” on page I-1 ■ “About SPIDs” on page I-1 ■ “Dynamic B-channel usage” on page I-2 Definitions The following ter ms are used in this appen[...]

I-2 User’ s Reference Guide Note: A T&T 5ESS custom point-to-point switches have no SPIDs and are not r epresented in the table above. However , this type of switch configuration is suppor ted by the Netopia R3100. Example SPIDs If your ISDN line is controlled by a DMS-100 switch using National ISDN-1, and your dir ector y numbers are given [...]

ISDN Configuration Guide I-3 This table may not be a complete list of switch protocols that suppor t ACO. T o find out if your switch protocol suppor ts ACO, or to turn ACO on, contact your ISDN ser vice provider . Other incoming call restrictions A B-channel will not be relinquished to admit an incoming call if a connection pr ofile has B-Chann[...]

I-4 User’ s Reference Guide[...]

Binary Conversion T able J-1 A A A A p p p p p p p p e e e e n n n n d d d d ii i i x x x x JJ J J B B B B ii i i n n n n a a a a r r r r y y y y C C C C o o o o n n n n v v v v e e e e r r r r s s s s ii i i o o o o n n n n T T T T a a a a b b b b ll l l e e e e This table is provided to help you choose subnet numbers and host numbers for IP and M[...]

J-2 User’ s Reference Guide Decimal Binar y Decimal Binar y Decimal Binar y Decimal Binar y 128 10000000 160 10100000 192 11000000 224 11100000 129 10000001 161 10100001 193 11000001 225 11100001 130 10000010 162 10100010 194 11000010 226 11100010 131 10000011 163 10100011 195 11000011 227 11100011 132 10000100 164 10100100 196 11000100 228 11100[...]

Further Reading K-1 A A A A p p p p p p p p e e e e n n n n d d d d ii i i x x x x K K K K F F F F u u u u r r r r t t t t h h h h e e e e r r r r R R R R e e e e a a a a d d d d ii i i n n n n g g g g Angell, David. ISDN for Dummies , Foster City , CA: IDG Books Worldwide, 1995. Thorough intr oduction to ISDN for beginners. Apple Computer , Inc. A[...]

K-2 User’ s Reference Guide Hares, S. "Components of OSI: Inter-Domain Routing Pr otocol (IDRP)." ConneXions: The Interoperability Repor t, V ol. 6, No. 5: May 1992. Jones, N.E.H. and D. Kosiur . Macworld Networking Handbook . San Mateo, California: IDG Books Worldwide, Inc.; 1992. Joyce, S.T . and J.Q. Walker II. "Advanced Peer-to[...]

Further Reading K-3 Rose, M.T . The Open Book: A Practical Perspective on OSI . Englewood Clif fs, New Jersey: Pr entice Hall; 1990. Rose, M.T . The Simple Book: An Intr oduction to Management of TCP/IP-based Inter nets . Englewood Clif fs, New Jersey: Prentice Hall; 1991. Ross, F .E. "FDDI--A T utorial." IEEE Communications Magazine, V o[...]

K-4 User’ s Reference Guide[...]

T echnical Specifications and Safety Information L-1 A A A A p p p p p p p p e e e e n n n n d d d d ii i i x x x x L L L L T T T T e e e e c c c c h h h h n n n n ii i i c c c c a a a a ll l l S S S S p p p p e e e e c c c c ii i i f f f f ii i i c c c c a a a a t t t t ii i i o o o o n n n n s s s s a a a a n n n n d d d d S S S S a a a a f f f [...]

L-2 User’ s Reference Guide Pin 9 DSR Pin 9 -RSET (EIA-530) Pin 10 DCD Pin 10 (not used) Pin 11 (not used) Pin 11 -TSET (EIA-530) Pin 12 TCA Pin 12 (not used) Pin 13 TCB Pin 13 (not used) Pin 14 RCA Pin 14 -TD (EIA-530) STD (EIA-232) Pin 15 RCB Pin 15 (not used) Pin 16 -RD (EIA-530) SRD (EIA-232) Pin 17 RSET Pin 18 (not used) Pin 19 -RTS (EIA-530[...]

T echnical Specifications and Safety Information L-3 Description Dimensions: 124.0 cm (w) x 20.0 cm (d) x 5.3 cm (h) 9.4” (w) x 7.9” (d) x 2.1” (h) Communications inter faces: The Netopia R3100 ISDN Router has an RJ-45 jack for ISDN connections; an 8 por t 10Base-T Ethernet hub for your LAN connection; a DE-9 Console por t; and an HD-15 Auxi[...]

L-4 User’ s Reference Guide Agency appr ovals North America Safety Approvals: ■ United States – UL: 1950 Third Edition ■ Canada – CSA: CAN/CSA-C22.2 No. 950-95 EMI: ■ FCC Class A International Safety Approvals: ■ Low V oltage (European directive) 72/23 ■ EN60950 (Europe) ■ ETSI 300 047 (Europe) ■ AS/NRZ 3260 (Australia) ■ TS00[...]

T echnical Specifications and Safety Information L-5 United States. This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class A digital device, pursuant to Par t 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to pr ovide reasonable pr otection against har mful inter fer ence when the equipment is operated in a commercial envir[...]

L-6 User’ s Reference Guide Declaration for Canadian users The Canadian Industr y Canada label identifies cer tified equipment. This cer tification means that the equipment meets cer tain telecommunications network protective, operation and safety r equirements. The Depar tment does not guarantee the equipment will operate to the user’s sati[...]

T echnical Specifications and Safety Information L-7 near the product for easy access. ■ For use only with CSA Cer tified Class 2 power supply , rated 12VDC, 1.5A. T elecommunication installation cautions ■ Never install telephone wiring during a lightning stor m. ■ Never install telephone jacks in wet locations unless the jack is specific[...]

L-8 User’ s Reference Guide[...]

Glossary 1 G G G G ll l l o o o o s s s s s s s s a a a a r r r r y y y y Access Line: A telephone line r eaching from the telephone company central of fice to a point usually on your premises. Beyond this point the wir e is considered inside wiring. See also T r unk Line . analog: In telecommunications, telephone transmission and/or switching tha[...]

2 User’ s Reference Guide byte: A group of bits, nor mally eight, which r epresent one data character . CallerID: See CND. CCITT (Comite Consultatif International T elegraphique et T elephonique): International Consultative Committee for T elegraphy and T elephony , a standar ds or ganization that devises and pr oposes recommenda- tions for inter[...]

Glossary 3 DNS (Domain Name Ser vice): A TCP/IP pr otocol for discovering and maintaining network resour ce infor mation distributed among dif fer ent ser vers. download: The process of transfer ring a file fr om a ser ver to a client. EIA (Electronic Industr y Association): A Nor th American standards association. Ethernet: A networking pr otocol[...]

4 User’ s Reference Guide internet: A set of networks connected together by r outers. This is a general ter m, not to be confused with the lar ge, multi-or ganizational collection of IP networks known as the Inter net. An inter net is sometimes also known as an internetwork. internet address, IP addr ess: Any computing device that uses the Inter [...]

Glossary 5 NA T (Network Address Translation): A featur e that allows communication between the LAN connected to the Netopia ISDN Router and the Internet using a single IP addr ess, instead of having a separate IP address for each computer on the network. NetBIOS: A network communications protocol used on PC LANs. network: A group of computer syste[...]

6 User’ s Reference Guide remapping: See network number remapping . RFC (Request for Comment): A series of documents used to exchange infor mation and standar ds about the Internet. RIP (Routing Information Protocol): A protocol used for the transmission of IP r outing infor mation. RJ-11: A telephone-industr y standar d connector type, usually c[...]

Glossary 7 TCP/IP (Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol): An open network standard that defines how devices from dif ferent manufactur ers communicate with each other over one or more inter connected networks. TCP/IP protocols ar e the foundation of the Internet, a worldwide network of networks connecting businesses, governments, r esea[...]

8 User’ s Reference Guide[...]

Index-1 II I I n n n n d d d d e e e e x x x x Numerics 10Base-T 4-3 connecting 4-3 A add static route 11-14 adding a filter set 15-13 advanced configuration features 8-12 answer profile call acceptance scenarios 10-12 defined 10-9 answering calls 10-9 AppleT alk 1-2 configuring LocalT alk 13-8 routing table 14-9 setup 13-1 tunneling (AURP) 13[...]

Index-2 connection profiles defined 7-3 , 7-7 scheduling 10-1 console configuration 8-16 configuring 8-16 connection problems A-2 screens, connecting to 8-11 console-based management configuring with 6-1 , 7-1 , 8-1 D D. Por t 15-10 date and time setting 8-14 deciding on an ISP account D-2 default profile 8-7 default ter minal emulation softw[...]

Index-3 finding an ISDN ser vice provider B-1 finding an ISP D-1 firewall 15-18 fir mware files updating with TFTP 16-8 updating with XMODEM 16-10 Frame Relay G-1 addressing G-3 , G-4 configuring 7-11 encapsulation G-4 local management inter face (LMI) G-3 ftp sessions 15-21 fur ther reading K-1 G general statistics 14-4 Glossar y GL-1 H hard[...]

Index-4 MIBs suppor ted 14-12 multiple subnets 11-10 N NA T attributes 11-5 defined 11-1 features 11-2 guidelines 11-5 using 11-3 navigating Easy Setup 6-5 NCSA T elnet 6-3 nested IP subnets E-10 NetBIOS 11-18 , 12-3 NetBIOS scope 11-19 Netopia answering calls 10-9 connecting to Ethernet, r ules 4-3 connecting to LocalT alk 4-6 connection profile[...]

Index-5 S SAP ser ver types 12-3 scheduled connections adding 10-6 defined 10-1 deleting 10-9 modifying 10-9 once-only 10-8 viewing 10-5 weekly 10-7 screens, connecting to 8-11 security filters 15-4 – 15-21 measures to incr ease 15-1 telnet 15-4 user accounts (passwords) 15-2 security options screen 15-2 seeding 13-5 Ser vice Adver tising Proto[...]

Index-6 TFTP , transfer ring files 16-7 TID, defined I-1 T rivial File T ransfer Pr otocol (TFTP) 16-7 T rivial File T ransfer Pr otocol, see TFTP troubleshooting A-1 console-based management 7-2 event histories 5-3 , 14-5 loopback test 16-13 Smar tStar t Macintosh A-2 PC A-1 WA N statistics 14-4 tr usted host 15-20 tr usted subnet 15-20 tunnelin[...]

Limited Warranty and Limitation of Remedies 1 L L L L ii i i m m m m ii i i t t t t e e e e d d d d W W W W a a a a r r r r r r r r a a a a n n n n t t t t y y y y a a a a n n n n d d d d L L L L ii i i m m m m ii i i t t t t a a a a t t t t ii i i o o o o n n n n o o o o f f f f R R R R e e e e m m m m e e e e d d d d ii i i e e e e s s s s Netopi[...]

2 User’ s Reference Guide[...]