Texas Instruments TI-84 manual

TI-84 Plus TI-84 Plus Silv er Edition Guide book[...]

ii Impor tant Inf or ma tion Impor tant Inf or ma tion Impor tant Inf or ma tion Impor tant Inf or ma tion T exas Instruments m akes no warranty , either expr ess or implied, including but not limited to any implied warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose, regarding any programs o r book mater ials and makes su ch materia[...]

iii USA FCC Infor ma tion Conc er ning Radio F requency USA FCC Infor ma tion Conc er ning Radio F requency USA FCC Infor ma tion Conc er ning Radio F requency USA FCC Infor ma tion Conc er ning Radio F requency Interference Interference Interference Interference This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B digit[...]

Chapter 1: Operating the TI-84 Plus Silver Ed ition 1 Chapter 1: Chapter 1: Chapter 1: Chapter 1: Oper ating the TI-84 Pl us Silv er Edition Oper ating the TI-84 Pl us Silv er Edition Oper ating the TI-84 Pl us Silv er Edition Oper ating the TI-84 Pl us Silv er Edition Documenta tion Con v entions Documenta tion Con v entions Documenta tion Con v e[...]

Chapter 1: Operating the TI-84 Plus Silver Ed ition 2 Scientific — Scientific calculator keys access the capabilities of a standard scientific calculator . TI-84 Plus TI-84 Plus TI-84 Plus TI-84 Plus G raphing Keys Editing Keys Advanced Function K eys Scientific Calculator Keys[...]

Chapter 1: Operating the TI-84 Plus Silver Ed ition 3 Using the Colo r Using the Colo r Using the Colo r Using the Colo r . . . . Coded K eyboar d Coded K eyboar d Coded K eyboar d Coded K eyboar d The keys on t he TI-84 P lus are color -coded to help you ea sily locate the key you ne ed. The light colored keys are the number keys. The light gra y [...]

Chapter 1: Operating the TI-84 Plus Silver Ed ition 4 T ur ning On and T ur ning Of f the TI-84 Plus T ur ning On and T ur ning Of f the TI-84 Plus T ur ning On and T ur ning Of f the TI-84 Plus T ur ning On and T ur ning Of f the TI-84 Plus T ur ning On the Gr aphing Calculator T ur ning On the Gr aphing Calculator T ur ning On the Gr aphing Calcu[...]

Chapter 1: Operating the TI-84 Plus Silver Ed ition 5 • If Aut om ati c P owe r D own ™ (AP D™) had previously turne d off the graph in g calculator , the TI-84 Plus wil l return exactly as you left it, including the display , cursor , and any error . • If the TI-84 Plus is turne d of f and connected to another graphing calculator or person[...]

Chapter 1: Operating the TI-84 Plus Silver Ed ition 6 Setting the D isplay Co ntrast Setting the D isplay Co ntrast Setting the D isplay Co ntrast Setting the D isplay Co ntrast Adjusting the Display Contr ast Adjusting the Display Contr ast Adjusting the Display Contr ast Adjusting the Display Contr ast Y ou ca n adjust the display contrast to sui[...]

Chapter 1: Operating the TI-84 Plus Silver Ed ition 7 W hen to R eplace Ba tteri es W hen to R eplace Ba tteri es W hen to R eplace Ba tteri es W hen to R eplace Ba tteri es When the batteries are low , a low-battery message is displayed when you turn on th e graphing calculator . T o replace the batteries without losing any informa tion in memory [...]

Chapter 1: Operating the TI-84 Plus Silver Ed ition 8 Displaying Entries and Answ ers Displaying Entries and Answ ers Displaying Entries and Answ ers Displaying Entries and Answ ers When text is displayed, the TI-84 Plus sc reen can display a maximum of 8 line s with a maximum of 1 6 characte rs per line. I f all lines of the display are full, text[...]

Chapter 1: Operating the TI-84 Plus Silver Ed ition 9 Busy Indicator Busy Indicator Busy Indicator Busy Indicator When the TI-84 Plus is calculating or graphi ng, a vertical moving line is displayed as a busy indicator in the top-righ t corner of the screen. Whe n you pause a graph or a program, the busy indicator becomes a vertical moving dotted l[...]

Chapter 1: Operating the TI-84 Plus Silver Ed ition 10 Interchangeable F acepla tes Interchangeable F acepla tes Interchangeable F acepla tes Interchangeable F acepla tes The TI-84 Plus Silver Edition has interchang eable faceplates that let you customize the appearance of your unit. T o purchase additiona l fa ceplates, refer to the TI Online S to[...]

Chapter 1: Operating the TI-84 Plus Silver Ed ition 1 1 Installing New Faceplates Installing New Faceplates Installing New Faceplates Installing New Faceplates Using the Clock Using the Clock Using the Clock Using the Clock Use the Clock to set the time and date, select the clock display for mat, and turn the clock on and of f. The clock is turned [...]

Chapter 1: Operating the TI-84 Plus Silver Ed ition 12 Displaying the Clock Settings Displaying the Clock Settings Displaying the Clock Settings Displaying the Clock Settings Changing the Clock settings Changing the Clock settings Changing the Clock settings Changing the Clock settings 1. Press z 2. Press the † to move the cursor to SET CLOCK . 3[...]

Chapter 1: Operating the TI-84 Plus Silver Ed ition 13 Er ror Messages Er ror Messages Er ror Messages Er ror Messages T ur ning the Clock On T ur ning the Clock On T ur ning the Clock On T ur ning the Clock On There are two options to tu rn the clock on. One option is through the MODE screen, the other is through th e Catalo g. 7. Press † to hig[...]

Chapter 1: Operating the TI-84 Plus Silver Ed ition 14 Using the Mode Screen to turn the clock on Using the Catalog to turn the clock on T ur ning the Clock Of f T ur ning the Clock Of f T ur ning the Clock Of f T ur ning the Clock Of f 1. If the Clock is turned off, Press † to highlight TURN CL OC K O N . 2. Press Í Í . 1. If the Clock is turn[...]

Chapter 1: Operating the TI-84 Plus Silver Ed ition 15 Entering Expr essi ons and Instr uctio ns Entering Expr essi ons and Instr uctio ns Entering Expr essi ons and Instr uctio ns Entering Expr essi ons and Instr uctio ns W hat Is an Expression? W hat Is an Expression? W hat Is an Expression? W hat Is an Expression? An expression is a group of num[...]

Chapter 1: Operating the TI-84 Plus Silver Ed ition 16 Calculate 3.76 P ( L 7.9 + ‡ 5) + 2 log 45. Multiple Entries on a Line Multiple Entries on a Line Multiple Entries on a Line Multiple Entries on a Line T o enter tw o or more expressions or instructio ns on a line, separate them with colons ( ƒ [ : ]). All instructions are stored to gether i[...]

Chapter 1: Operating the TI-84 Plus Silver Ed ition 17 When you enter a number in scientific not ati on, the TI-84 Plus do es not automatically display answers in scientific or engineeri ng notation. Th e mod e settings and the size of the number dete rm in e th e disp la y for ma t. Functions Functions Functions Functions A function returns a valu[...]

Chapter 1: Operating the TI-84 Plus Silver Ed ition 18 When you interrupt a graph, a partial graph is displayed. • T o return to the home screen, press ‘ or any non graphing key . • T o restart graphing, press a gr aphing key or select a graphing instr uction. TI-84 Plus Edit K eys TI-84 Plus Edit K eys TI-84 Plus Edit K eys TI-84 Plus Edit K[...]

Chapter 1: Operating the TI-84 Plus Silver Ed ition 19 Setting M o d es Setting M o d es Setting M o d es Setting M o d es Checking Mode Settings Checking Mode Settings Checking Mode Settings Checking Mode Settings Mode settings control how the TI-84 Plus displa ys and interpret s numbers and graphs. Mode settings are ret ained by the Const ant Mem[...]

Chapter 1: Operating the TI-84 Plus Silver Ed ition 20 T o display the mode settings, press z . The current settin gs are highlighted. Defau lts are highlighted be lo w . The following pages describ e the mo de sett ing s in de tail. Changing Mode Setting s Changing Mode Setting s Changing Mode Settings Changing Mode Setting s T o change mode setti[...]

Chapter 1: Operating the TI-84 Plus Silver Ed ition 21 Setting a Mode fr om a Prog r am Setting a Mode fr om a Prog r am Setting a Mode fr om a Prog r am Setting a Mode fr om a Prog r am Y ou can set a mode from a program by entering the n ame of the mode as an instructi on; for example, Func or Float . From a blank prog ram command line, select th[...]

Chapter 1: Operating the TI-84 Plus Silver Ed ition 22 Float, 0123456789 Float, 0123456789 Float, 0123456789 Float, 0123456789 Float (floating) decimal mode displays up to 10 digits , plus the sign and decimal. 0123456789 (fixed) decimal mode specifies the number of digit s (0 through 9) to display to the right of the decimal. Place the cur sor on [...]

Chapter 1: Operating the TI-84 Plus Silver Ed ition 23 Func, Par , P ol, Seq Func, Par , P ol, Seq Func, Par , P ol, Seq Func, Par , P ol, Seq Graphing modes de fine the graphing p arameters. Chapters 3, 4, 5, and 6 describe these modes in detail. Func (function) graphing mode plot s functions, where Y is a function of X (Chapter 3). Par (parametr [...]

Chapter 1: Operating the TI-84 Plus Silver Ed ition 24 Note: Regardless of which graphi ng mode is selected, the TI-84 Plus will sequentially graph all stat plot s before it graph s any functions. R eal, a+b R eal, a+b R e al, a+b R eal, a+b i , r e^ , re^ , re^ , re^ q i Real mode does not display complex r esults unless complex numb ers are enter[...]

Chapter 1: Operating the TI-84 Plus Silver Ed ition 25 Using T I-84 Plus V ariable N ames Using T I-84 Plus V ariable N ames Using T I-84 Plus V ariable N ames Using T I-84 Plus V ariable N ames V a ria bles an d Defined Items V a ria bles an d Defined Items V a ria bles an d Defined Items V a ria bles an d Defined Items On the TI-84 Plus you can e[...]

Chapter 1: Operating the TI-84 Plus Silver Ed ition 26 Notes about V ariables Notes about V ariables Notes about V ariables Notes about V ariables • Y ou can create as many list name s as memory will allow (Chapter 1 1). • Programs ha ve user-defined names and share memor y with variables (Chapter 16). • From the hom e scr ee n or fro m a pr [...]

Chapter 1: Operating the TI-84 Plus Silver Ed ition 27 Storin g V aria ble V alues Storin g V aria ble V alues Storin g V aria ble V alues Storin g V aria ble V alues Storing V alues in a V ariable Storing V alues in a V ariable Storing V alues in a V ariable Storing V alues in a V ariable V alues are sto red to and recalled from memory using vari [...]

Chapter 1: Operating the TI-84 Plus Silver Ed ition 28 Archiving V ariables (Ar chiv e, Unarchiv e) Archiving V ariables (Ar chiv e, Unarchiv e) Archiving V ariables (Ar chiv e, Unarchiv e) Archiving V ariables (Ar chiv e, Unarchiv e) Y ou can archive data, programs, or other variables in a section of memory called user data archive wher e they can[...]

Chapter 1: Operating the TI-84 Plus Silver Ed ition 29 • Press  | , and then sele ct th e na m e of the pr og ra m (in the program edito r only). The variable name you selecte d is displayed on the bottom line and th e cursor disappear s. 3. Press Í . The variable content s are in serted where the cursor was located before you began thes e st[...]

Chapter 1: Operating the TI-84 Plus Silver Ed ition 30 T o recall ENTRY , press y [ . The last entry is p asted to the current cursor location, where you can edit and execu te it. On the home screen or in an editor , the curr ent line is cleared and the last entry is p asted to the line. Because the TI-84 Plus updates ENTR Y only when you press Í [...]

Chapter 1: Operating the TI-84 Plus Silver Ed ition 31 If you press y[ af te r displaying the oldest stored entry , the newest stored entry is displayed again, then the next-newest entry , and so on. R eex ec uting the Previous Entr y R eex ec uting the Previous Entr y Ree xecuting the Previous Entr y R eex ec uting the Previous Entr y After you ha[...]

Chapter 1: Operating the TI-84 Plus Silver Ed ition 32 When you press y[ , all the expressions and instructions se parated by colons are pasted to the current cursor location. Y ou c an edit any of the entries, and then execute all of them when you press Í . For the equ ation A= p r 2 , use trial and er ro r to find the ra diu s of a circle th at [...]

Chapter 1: Operating the TI-84 Plus Silver Ed ition 33 Y ou can use the variable Ans to represent the last answer in most places . Press yZ to copy the variable name Ans to the cursor location. When th e expres sion is evaluated, the TI -8 4 Pl u s u ses the valu e of Ans in the calculation. Calculate the area of a gard en plot 1.7 meters by 4.2 me[...]

Chapter 1: Operating the TI-84 Plus Silver Ed ition 34 Calculate the area of a circle of radius 5 me ters. Next, calculate the volume of a cylind er of radius 5 meters and heig ht 3.3 meters, an d then store the re sult in the variab le V . TI-84 Plus Menus TI-84 Plus Menus TI-84 Plus Menus TI-84 Plus Menus Using a TI-84 Plus Menu Using a TI-84 Plu[...]

Chapter 1: Operating the TI-84 Plus Silver Ed ition 35 • When an asterisk ( ä ) appe ars to the left of a menu item, that item is stored in user data archive (Ch apter 18). T o display any other me nu listed on the top line , press ~ or | until that menu name is highlighted. The cursor location within the initial menu is irrelevant. The menu is [...]

Chapter 1: Operating the TI-84 Plus Silver Ed ition 36 Mo ving from One Menu to Anot her Mo ving from One Menu to Anot her Mo ving from One Menu to Anot her Mo ving from One Menu to Anot her Scro ll in g a Menu Scro ll in g a Menu Scro ll in g a Menu Scro ll in g a Menu T o scroll down the menu items, press † . T o scroll up the menu items, press[...]

Chapter 1: Operating the TI-84 Plus Silver Ed ition 37 Selecting an Item fro m a Menu Selecting an Item fro m a Menu Selecting an Item fro m a Menu Selecting an Item fro m a Menu Y ou can select an item from a menu in either of two ways. Note: On the LIST NAME S , PRGM EXEC , and PRGM EDIT menus, only items 1 through 9 and 0 are labeled in such a w[...]

Chapter 1: Operating the TI-84 Plus Silver Ed ition 38 Leaving a Menu without Making a Selection Leaving a Menu without Making a Selection Leaving a Menu without Making a Selection Leaving a Menu without Making a Selection Y ou can leave a menu without making a selection in an y of four ways. • Press y 5 to return to the home screen. • Press ?[...]

Chapter 1: Operating the TI-84 Plus Silver Ed ition 39 Selecting a V ariable from the V ARS Menu or V ARS Y-V ARS Menu Selecting a V ariable from the V ARS Menu or V ARS Y-V ARS Menu Selecting a V ariable from the V ARS Menu or V ARS Y-V ARS Menu Selecting a V ariable from the V ARS Menu or V ARS Y-V ARS Menu T o display the V ARS Y-V ARS menu, pre[...]

Chapter 1: Operating the TI-84 Plus Silver Ed ition 40 • Press  ~ to display the V ARS Y-V ARS menu. 2. Select the type of variable, such as 2:Zoom fr om the V ARS menu or 3:Polar from the V ARS Y-V ARS menu. A secondary me nu is displayed. 3. If you selecte d 1:Window , 2:Zoom , or 5:St atistics from the V ARS menu, you can press ~ or | to di[...]

Chapter 1: Operating the TI-84 Plus Silver Ed ition 41 Note: Within a priority level, EO S evaluates functions from lef t to right. Calculations within parentheses are eva l uat ed first . Implied Mu ltiplic ati on Implied Mu ltiplic ati on Implied Mu ltiplic ati on Implied Mu ltiplic ati on The TI-84 Plus recognizes implied multiplica tion, so you[...]

Chapter 1: Operating the TI-84 Plus Silver Ed ition 42 Y ou can omit the close parenthesis ( ) ) at the end of an expression. All open parenthetica l element s are closed automatically at the e nd of an expr ession. This is al so true for open parenthetical ele ments that precede th e store or display-conversion instructions. Note: An open parenthe[...]

Chapter 1: Operating the TI-84 Plus Silver Ed ition 43 Special F ea t ur es of the TI-84 Plus Special F ea t ur es of the TI-84 Plus Special F ea t ur es of the TI-84 Plus Special F ea t ur es of the TI-84 Plus Flash – Electronic Upgradability Flash – Electronic Upgradability Flash – Electronic Upgradability Flash – Electronic Upgradability[...]

Chapter 1: Operating the TI-84 Plus Silver Ed ition 44 Applications Applications Applications Applications Applications can be i nstalled to customize th e TI-84 Plus to your classroom needs. The big 1.5 M archive space let s you store up to 94 applications at one time . Applications can also be stored on a comp uter for later use or linked un it-t[...]

Chapter 1: Operating the TI-84 Plus Silver Ed ition 45 Gra phing Gra phing Gra phing Gra phing Y ou can store, graph, and analyze up to 10 fu nctions, up to six parametric functions, up to six polar functions, and up to three se quences. Y ou can use DRA W instructions to annot ate gr aphs. The graphing chapters appear in this o rder: Function , Pa[...]

Chapter 1: Operating the TI-84 Plus Silver Ed ition 46 For details, refer to: Chapter 9 Matrices Matrices Matrices Matrices Y ou can enter and save up to 10 matrices and perform standard matrix operations on them. For details, refer to: Chapter 10 Lists Lists Lists Lists Y ou can enter and save as many lists as memo ry allows for use in statistical[...]

Chapter 1: Operating the TI-84 Plus Silver Ed ition 47 Inferential Sta tistics Inferential Sta tistics Inferential Sta tistics Inferential Sta tistics Y ou can perform 16 hypothesis tests and co nfidence intervals and 15 distributio n functions. Y ou can display hypothesis te st result s graphically or numerically . For details, refer to: Chapter 1[...]

Chapter 1: Operating the TI-84 Plus Silver Ed ition 48 For details, refer to: Chapter 16 Archiving Archiving Archiving Archiving Archiving allows you to store d at a , programs, or other variab les to user data arch ive where they cannot be edited or deleted inadvertently . Archiving also allows you to free up RAM for variables that may requir e ad[...]

Chapter 1: Operating the TI-84 Plus Silver Ed ition 49 As future softwar e upgrades become available on the TI Web site, yo u can download the software to yo ur PC and then use the TI Connect™ software and a USB computer cable to upgrade your TI-84 Plus. For details, refer to: Chapter 19 Er r or Co n d itio n s Er r or Co n d itio n s Er r or Co [...]

Chapter 1: Operating the TI-84 Plus Silver Ed ition 50 Note: If a syntax error occurs in the content s of a Y= function during pro gram execution, then the Goto option returns to the Y= edi tor , not to the program . Cor recting an Er ror Cor recting an Er ror Cor recting an Er ror Cor recting an Er ror T o correct an error , follow these steps. 1.[...]

Chapter 2: Math, Angle, and T est Operations 51 Chapter 2: Chapter 2: Chapter 2: Chapter 2: Ma th, Angle, and T est Oper ations Ma th, Angle, and T est Oper ations Ma th, Angle, and T est Oper ations Ma th, Angle, and T est Oper ations Getting S t ar ted: Coin Flip Getting S t ar ted: Coin Flip Getting Star ted: Coin Flip Getting S t ar ted: Coin F[...]

Chapter 2: Math, Angle, and T est Operations 52 K eyboar d Math Oper ations K eyboar d Math Oper ations K eyboar d Math Oper ations K eyboar d Math Oper ations Using Lists with Math Oper ations Using Lists with Math Oper ations Using Lists with Math Oper ations Using Lists with Math Oper ations Math operations that are valid for list s return a lis[...]

Chapter 2: Math, Angle, and T est Operations 53 Addition, Su btr actio n, Addition, Su btr actio n, Addition, Su btr actio n, Ad d i t i o n , Su b t r a c t io n , Multiplication, Multiplication, Multiplication, Multiplication, Di v i s i o n Division Division Division Y ou can use + (addition, Ã ), N (subtraction, ¹ ), … (multiplication, ¯ )[...]

Chapter 2: Math, Angle, and T est Operations 54 P ow er , Square, Squar e R oot P ow er , Square, Squar e R oot P ow er , Square, Squar e R oot P ow er , Square, Squar e R oot Y ou can use ^ (power , › ), 2 (squar e, ¡ ), and ‡ ( (square root, yC ) with real and complex numbers, expressio ns, lists, and matrices. Y ou cannot use ‡ ( with mat[...]

Chapter 2: Math, Angle, and T est Operations 55 Exponential Exponential Exponential Exponential e^( (exponential, yJ ) returns the con stant e raised to a power . Y ou can use e^( with real or complex number s, expressions, and list s. e^( power ) Constant Constant Constant Constant e (constant, y [e] ) is stored as a constant on the TI-84 Plus. Pr[...]

Chapter 2: Math, Angle, and T est Operations 56 Note: On the TI-84 Plus, the negation symbol ( M ) is shorter and higher than the subtraction sign ( N ), which is displayed when y ou press ¹ . Pi Pi Pi Pi p (Pi, y B ) is stored a s a constant in th e TI-84 Plus . In calculatio ns, the TI- 84 Plus uses 3.141592653 5898 for p .[...]

Chapter 2: Math, Angle, and T est Operations 57 MA TH Oper a tions MA TH Oper a tions MA TH Oper a tions MA TH Oper a tions MA TH Menu MA TH Menu MA TH Menu MA TH Menu T o display the MA T H menu, press  . 4 Fr a c , Fr a c , Fr a c , Fr a c , 4 Dec Dec Dec Dec 4 Frac (display as a fraction) displays an answe r as its rational equivalent. Y ou c[...]

Chapter 2: Math, Angle, and T est Operations 58 cannot be simplified or the resultin g de nominator is more than thre e digits, th e de cimal equivalent is returned . Y ou can only use 4 Frac following value . value 4 Frac 4 Dec (display as a decimal) displays an answer in decimal fo rm. Y ou can use 4 Dec with real or complex numb ers, expressions[...]

Chapter 2: Math, Angle, and T est Operations 59 x ‡ (R oot) (R oot) (R oot) (R oot) x ‡ ( x th root) re turns the x th r oot of value . Y ou can use x ‡ with real or complex numbers, expressions, and lists. x th ro o t x ‡ value fMin(, fMax( fMin(, fMax( fMin(, fMax( fMin(, fMax( fMin( (function minimum) and fMax( (function maximum) return [...]

Chapter 2: Math, Angle, and T est Operations 60 nDeriv( nDeriv( nDeriv( nDeriv( nDeriv( (numerical derivative) returns an approxim ate derivative of expr e ssion with respect to variable , gi ven the value at which to calcu late the derivative and H (if not specified, the default is 1 â L 3). nDeriv( is valid only for real numbers. nDeriv( express[...]

Chapter 2: Math, Angle, and T est Operations 61 fnInt( fnInt( fnInt( fnInt( fnInt( (function integral) returns the nu meri cal integral (Gauss-Kron rod method) of expr ession wit h respec t to variable , given lower limit, upper limit, and a tolerance (if not specified, the de fa ult is 1 â L 5). fnInt( is valid only for real numbers. fnInt( expr [...]

Chapter 2: Math, Angle, and T est Operations 62 Entering an Expr ession in the Equation Solver Entering an Expr ession in the Equation Solver Entering an Expr ession in the Equation Solver Entering an Expr ession in the Equation Solver T o enter an expression in the eq uation solver , assuming that the variable eqn is empty , follow these steps. 1.[...]

Chapter 2: Math, Angle, and T est Operations 63 • V ariables in the e qua tion are listed in the order in which they app ear in the equation. Any values stored to the listed variable s also are displayed. • The default l ower and uppe r bounds ap pear in the last line of the e ditor ( bound={ L 1 â 99,1 â 99} ). •A $ is displayed in the fir[...]

Chapter 2: Math, Angle, and T est Operations 64 Solving for a V ariable in the Equation Solver Solving for a V ariable in the Equation Solver Solving for a V ariable in the Equation Solver Solving for a V ariable in the Equation Solver T o solve for a variable using the equation solver af ter an equation has been stored to eqn , follow these steps.[...]

Chapter 2: Math, Angle, and T est Operations 65 The default guess is calculated as . 4. Edit bound= { lower , upper } . lower and upper are the bounds between which the T I-8 4 P lus searches for a solution. This is optional, but it may help find the solution more quickly . The default is bound={ L 1 â 99,1 â 99} . 5. Move the cursor to the varia[...]

Chapter 2: Math, Angle, and T est Operations 66 left N rt in dicates that the equ ation has been evaluated at the new valu e of the variable for which you solved. Editing an Equation Stored to eqn Editing an Equation Stored to eqn Editing an Equation Stored to eqn Editing an Equation Stored to eqn T o edit or replace an equation stored to eqn when [...]

Chapter 2: Math, Angle, and T est Operations 67 Using solve( on the Home Scr een or fr om a Prog r am Using solve( on the Home S creen or from a Pr ogr am Using solve( on the Home Scr een or fr om a Prog r am Using solve( on the Home S creen or from a Pr ogr am The function solve( is available only from CA T ALOG or from within a program. It return[...]

Chapter 2: Math, Angle, and T est Operations 68 MA TH NUM (Num ber) Operations MA TH NUM (Num ber) Operations MA TH N UM (Num ber) Operations MA TH NUM (Num ber) Operations MA TH NUM Menu MA TH NUM Menu MA TH NUM Menu MA TH NUM Menu T o display the MA TH NUM menu, press ~ . abs( abs( abs( abs( abs( (absolute value) returns the absolute value of [...]

Chapter 2: Math, Angle, and T est Operations 69 Note: abs( is also available on the MA TH CPX menu. round( round( round( round( round( returns a number , expression, list, or matrix rounded to #decimals (  9). If #decimals is omitted, value is rounded to the digit s that are displayed, up to 10 digit s. round( value [ , #decimals ] ) iPar t(, fP[...]

Chapter 2: Math, Angle, and T est Operations 70 fPart( value ) int( int( int( int( int( (greatest integer) returns the largest intege r  real or complex num bers , expressions, lists, and matrices . int( value ) Note: For a given value , the result of int( is t h e s a m e a s t h e r e s u l t o f iPart( for nonnegative numbers and ne gative in[...]

Chapter 2: Math, Angle, and T est Operations 71 max( (maxim um value) retu rns the lar ger of valueA and valueB or the larg est element in list . If listA and listB are compared, max( returns a list of the lar ger of each p a ir of element s. If list and value are comp ared, max( compares each eleme nt in list with value . Note: min( and max( also [...]

Chapter 2: Math, Angle, and T est Operations 72 each pair of element s. If li st and value are specified, gc d( finds the g cd of each ele ment in list and value . Entering and Using Comple x Numbers Entering and Using Comple x Numbers Entering and Using Comple x Numbers Entering and Using Comple x Numbers Comple x-Number Modes Comple x-Number Mode[...]

Chapter 2: Math, Angle, and T est Operations 73 On the TI-84 Plus, complex numbers can be sto r ed to variables. Also, complex numbers are valid list element s. In Real mode, complex-numb er results retu rn an error , unless you entere d a complex number as input. For example, in Real mode ln( L 1) returns an error; in a+b i mode ln( L 1) returns a[...]

Chapter 2: Math, Angle, and T est Operations 74 In degree mode, complex identities such as e ^( i q )=c o s ( q )+ i sin ( q ) are not generally true because the values for cos a nd sin are c onverted to radians, while those for e^( ) are not. For example, e ^( i 45) = cos(45) + i sin(45) is treated internally as e ^( i 45) = cos( p /4) + i sin( p [...]

Chapter 2: Math, Angle, and T est Operations 75 P olar-Comple x Mode P olar-Comple x Mode P olar-Comple x Mode P olar-Comple x Mode Polar-complex mode recognizes and disp lays a complex number in the form re ^ q i , wher e r is the magnitud e, e is th e base of the natural log, q is the angle, and i is a const ant equal to . T o enter a complex num[...]

Chapter 2: Math, Angle, and T est Operations 76 MA TH CPX (Complex) Operations MA TH CPX (Complex) Operations MA TH CPX (Complex) Operations MA TH CPX (Complex) Operations MA TH CPX Menu MA TH CPX Menu MA TH CPX Menu MA TH CPX Menu T o display the MA T H CPX menu, press  ~ ~ . conj( conj( conj( conj( conj( (conjugate) returns the complex conjuga[...]

Chapter 2: Math, Angle, and T est Operations 77 real( real( real( real( real( (real part) retu rns the real par t of a comp lex number or list of complex numbers. real( a + bi ) retu rns a . real( r e^( q i )) returns r † cos ( q ). ima g( ima g( imag ( ima g( imag( (imaginary part) returns the ima ginary (nonreal) p art of a complex nu mber or l[...]

Chapter 2: Math, Angle, and T est Operations 78 angle( a + bi ) returns tan L 1 (b/a) . angle( r e^( q i )) returns q , where Lp < q < p . abs( abs( abs( abs( abs( (absolute value) returns the magnitude (modulus), , of a complex number or list of complex numbers. abs( a + bi ) returns . abs( r e^( q i )) retu rn s r (magnitude). 4 Re c t Re c[...]

Chapter 2: Math, Angle, and T est Operations 79 4 Pol ar Pol ar Pol ar Pol ar 4 Polar (dis play as polar) displays a complex result in polar form. It is valid only at the end of an expression . It is not va lid if the result is real. complex result 8 Polar returns r e^( q i ) . MA TH PRB (Probability) Operations MA TH PRB (Probability) Operations M[...]

Chapter 2: Math, Angle, and T est Operations 80 rand rand rand rand rand (random number) generates and returns one or more random numbers > 0 and < 1. T o generate a list of random-numbers, specify an integer > 1 for numtrials (number of trials). The default for numtrials is 1. rand [ ( numtrials ) ] Note: T o generate random numbers beyo [...]

Chapter 2: Math, Angle, and T est Operations 81 nCr (number of combinations) returns the number of combinations of items tak en numbe r at a time. items and number must be nonnegative intege rs. Both items and number can be lists. items nCr number Factorial Factorial Factorial Factorial ! (factorial) re turns the fa ctorial of ei ther an in teger o[...]

Chapter 2: Math, Angle, and T est Operations 82 (The variable n equals va lue in the synt ax descr iption above.) randInt( randInt( r andInt( randInt( randInt( (random integer) generates and displays a ra ndo m integer within a range specified by lower and upper integer bounds. T o generate a list of random number s, specify an integer > 1 for n[...]

Chapter 2: Math, Angle, and T est Operations 83 randBin( randBin( randBin( randBin( randBin( (rando m Binomial) generate s an d displays a random integer from a specified Binomial distribu tion. numtrials (number of trials) must be ‚ 1. prob (probability of success) must be ‚ 0 and  1. T o generate a list of random nu mbers, specify an integ[...]

Chapter 2: Math, Angle, and T est Operations 84 ANGLE Oper ations ANGLE Oper ations ANGLE Oper ations ANGLE Oper ations ANGLE Menu ANGLE Menu ANGLE Menu ANGLE Menu T o display the ANGLE menu, press y; . The ANGLE menu displays angle indicators and instructions. Th e Radian/Degree mode setting af fects the TI-84 Plus’s interpret ation of ANGLE men[...]

Chapter 2: Math, Angle, and T est Operations 85 For example, enter fo r 30 degr ees, 1 minute, 23 seconds. If the angle mode is not set to Degree, you mu st us e ¡ so that the TI-84 Plus can inte rpre t th e ar gument as de g re es , minutes, and se co nd s. Deg r ee Deg r ee Deg r ee Deg r ee ¡ (degree) designate s an angle or list of angles as [...]

Chapter 2: Math, Angle, and T est Operations 86 value r Degree mode 8 DMS DMS DMS DMS 8 DMS (degree/minute/second) displays answer in DMS format. The mode setting must be Degree for answer to be interpreted as degrees, minu tes, and seconds. 8 DMS is valid only at the end of a lin e. answer 8 DMS R R R R 8 P P P Pr r r r( , R (, R (, R (, R 8 P P P[...]

Chapter 2: Math, Angle, and T est Operations 87 R 8 Pr( x , y ), R 8 P q ( x , y ) P 8 Rx( converts polar co ordinates to rect angular coordinates and returns x . P 8 Ry( converts po lar coordinates to rect angular coordi nates and returns y . r and q can be lists . P 8 Rx( r , q ), P 8 Ry( r , q ) Note: Radian mode is set. Note: Radian mode is set[...]

Chapter 2: Math, Angle, and T est Operations 88 TEST (R elational) Oper ations TEST (R elational) Oper ations TEST (R el ational) Oper a tions TEST (R elational) Oper ations TEST Menu TEST Menu TEST Menu TEST Menu T o display the TEST menu, press y : . Ä =, =, =, =, ƒ , >, , >, , >, , >, ‚ , <, , <, , <, , <,  Relatio[...]

Chapter 2: Math, Angle, and T est Operations 89 Relational operator s are of ten used in pr ograms to contro l program flo w and in graphi ng to control the graph of a function over specific values. Using T ests Using T ests Using T ests Using T ests Relational ope ra to rs ar e ev alu at ed after mat hematical functions according to EOS rules (Cha[...]

Chapter 2: Math, Angle, and T est Operations 90 TEST L OGIC (Boolean) Oper ations TEST L OGIC (Boolean) Oper ations TEST L OGIC (Boolean) Oper ations TEST L OGIC (Boolean) Oper ations TEST LOGIC Menu TEST LOGIC Menu TEST LOGIC Menu TEST LOGIC Menu T o display the TEST LOGIC menu, press y : ~ . Boolean Oper ators Boolean Oper ators Boolean Oper ator[...]

Chapter 2: Math, Angle, and T est Operations 91 valueA and valueB valueA or valueB valueA xor val ueB not( not( not( not( not( returns 1 if value (which can be an expressio n) is 0. not( value ) Using Boolean Oper ations Using Boolean Oper ations Using Boolean Oper ations Using Boolean Oper ations Boolean logic is of ten used with relational test s[...]

Chapter 3: Function Gra phing 92 Chapter 3: Chapter 3: Chapter 3: Chapter 3: Function Gr aphing Function Gr aphing Function Gr aphing Function Gr aphing Getting Star ted: Gr aphi ng a Cir cle Getting Star ted: Gr aphi ng a Cir cle Getting Star ted: Gr aphi ng a Cir cle Getting Star ted: Gr aphi ng a Cir cle Getting S tarted is a fast-paced intro du[...]

Chapter 3: Function Gra phing 93 Defining Gr aphs Defining Gr aphs Defining Gr aphs Defining Gr aphs TI-84 Plus—Gra phing Mode Similarities TI-84 Plus—Gra phing Mode Similarities TI-84 Plus—Gra phing Mode Similarities TI-84 Plus—Gra phing Mode Similarities Chapter 3 specifically describes function grap hin g, but the step s shown here are s[...]

Chapter 3: Function Gra phing 94 Defining a Graph Defining a Graph Defi ning a Graph Defining a Graph T o define a graph in any graphin g mode, follow these step s. Some steps a re not always necessary . 1. Press z and se t the ap propriat e graph mo de. 2. Press o and enter , edit, or select one or more functions in the Y= editor . 3. Deselect sta[...]

Chapter 3: Function Gra phing 95 • Window settings • Format settings Y o u can store a pictur e of the cu rr en t gr ap h dis pla y to an y of 10 gra p h pic tur e varia bles ( Pic1 through Pic9 , and Pic0 ; Chapter 8). Then you can su perimpose one or more stored pictures onto the current graph. Setting the G raph Modes Setting the G raph Mode[...]

Chapter 3: Function Gra phing 96 Other mode settings af fect graphing result s. Chapter 1 describes each mode setting. • Float or 01234 56789 (fixed) decimal mode a ffect s displayed gr aph coordinates. • Radian or Degree angle mode affect s interpret ation of some functions. • Connected or Dot plotting mode af fect s plotting of selected fun[...]

Chapter 3: Function Gra phing 97 Defining or Editing a Function Defining or Editing a Function Defining or Editing a Function Defining or Editing a Function T o define or edit a function, follow these ste ps. 1. Press o to display the Y= editor . 2. Press † to move the cursor to the function you wan t to define or edit. T o erase a function, pres[...]

Chapter 3: Function Gra phing 98 Defining a Function fr om the Home Screen or a Prog r am Defining a Function fr om the Home Screen or a Prog r am Defining a Function fr om the Home Screen or a Prog r am Defining a Function fr om the Home Screen or a Prog r am T o define a function from the h ome screen or a pro gram, begin on a blank lin e and fol[...]

Chapter 3: Function Gra phing 99 Y n ( value ) Y n ({ value1,value2,val u e3, . . ., val ue n }) Selecting and Deselect ing Functions Selecting and Deselect ing Functions Selecting and Deselect ing Functions Selecting and Deselect ing Functions Selecting and Deselectin g a Func tio n Selecting and Deselectin g a Func tio n Selecting and Deselectin [...]

Chapter 3: Function Gra phing 100 T ur ning On or T ur ning Of f a Stat Plot in the Y= Editor T ur ning On or T ur ning Of f a Stat Plot in the Y= Editor T ur ning On or Tu r ning Off a Stat Plot in the Y= Editor T ur ning On or T ur ning Of f a Stat Plot in the Y= Editor T o view and change the on/of f stat us of a stat plot in the Y= editor , use[...]

Chapter 3: Function Gra phing 101 • T o turn on or turn off all functions, do not enter a number af ter FnO n or FnOff . FnOn [ function#,function#, . . .,function n ] FnOff [ function#,function#, . . .,function n ] 5. Press Í . When the instruction is executed, the st atus of each function in the current mo de is set an d Done is displayed. For[...]

Chapter 3: Function Gra phing 102 Note: Some graph styles are not available in all graphing modes. Chapters 4, 5, and 6 list the styles for Par , Pol, and Seq modes. Setting the Gr aph Style Setting the Gr aph Style Setting the Gra ph Style Setting the Gr aph Style T o set the graph style for a function, follow these step s. 1. Press o to display t[...]

Chapter 3: Function Gra phing 103 5. Press ~ , } , or † when you have selected a style. Shading Abov e and Be low Shading Abov e and Be low Sha ding Abo v e and Below Shading Abov e and Be low When you select é or ê for two or more func tions, the TI-84 Plus rotates thr ough four shading patterns. • V ertical lines shade the first function wi[...]

Chapter 3: Function Gra phing 104 Note: When é or ê is selected for a Y= function that graphs a family of curves, such as Y1={1,2,3}X , the four shading patterns rot ate for each member of the family of curves. Setting a Gra ph Style fr o m a Prog r am Setting a Gra ph Style fr o m a Prog r am Setting a Gra ph Style fr o m a Prog r am Setting a G[...]

Chapter 3: Function Gra phing 105 Setting the Viewing W indo w V ariables Setting the Viewing W indo w V ariables Setting the Viewing W indo w V ariables Setting the Viewing W indo w V ariables T he TI-84 Plus V iewin g W indow T he TI-84 Plus V iewin g W indow T he TI-84 Plus V iewing W indow T he TI-84 Plus V iewin g W indow The viewing window is[...]

Chapter 3: Function Gra phing 106 Note: Small Xres values improve graph resolution bu t may cause the TI-8 4 Plus to draw graphs more slowly . Changing a W indow V aria ble V alue Changing a W indow V aria ble V alue Changing a W indow V aria ble V alue Changing a W indow V aria ble V alue T o change a window variable value from the window editor ,[...]

Chapter 3: Function Gra phing 107 • Press ~ ~ to display the Seq window variables ( U/V/W secondary menu). 5. Select the window variable to wh ich you want to store a value. The na me of the variable is p asted to the cur rent cursor location. 6. Press Í to complete the instruction. When the inst ruction is exec uted, the T I-84 Pl us stores the[...]

Chapter 3: Function Gra phing 108 Setting the Graph F or ma t Setting the Graph F or ma t Setting the Graph F or ma t Setting the Graph F or ma t Displaying the F or m at Settings Displaying the F or m at Settings Displaying the F or m at Settings Displaying the F or m at Settings T o display the format settings, press y . . The default settings ar[...]

Chapter 3: Function Gra phing 109 R ectGC , P olarGC R ectGC , P olarGC R ectGC , P olarGC R ectGC , P olarGC RectGC (rectan gular graphing coordina tes) displays the cursor location as rectangula r coordinates X and Y . PolarGC (polar graphing coordinates) displays the cursor location as polar coord inates R and q . The RectGC / PolarGC setting de[...]

Chapter 3: Function Gra phing 1 10 GridOn displays grid points. AxesOn, Ax esOff AxesOn, Ax esOff AxesOn, Ax esOff AxesOn, Ax esOff AxesOn displays the axes. AxesOff does not display the axes. This override s the LabelOff / LabelOn format setting. LabelOf f , LabelOn LabelOf f , LabelOn LabelOf f , LabelOn LabelOf f , LabelOn LabelOff and LabelOn d[...]

Chapter 3: Function Gra phing 1 1 1 Displaying Graphs Displaying Graphs Displaying Graphs Displaying Graphs Displaying a New Graph Displaying a New Graph Displaying a New Graph Displaying a New Graph T o display the graph of the selecte d function or function s, press s . TRACE, ZOOM instructions, and CALC operations display the graph automatically[...]

Chapter 3: Function Gra phing 1 12 • Changed the value of a variable in a selected function • Changed a window variable or graph format setting • Cleared drawings by selecting ClrDraw • Changed a st at plot definition Ov er laying Functions on a Gr a ph Ov er laying Functions on a Gr a ph Ov er laying Fun ctions on a Gr a ph Ov er laying Fu[...]

Chapter 3: Function Gra phing 1 13 {2,4,6}sin(X) graphs three functio ns: 2 sin(X) , 4 sin(X) , and 6s i n ( X ) . {2,4,6}sin({1,2,3}X) grap h s 2s i n ( X ) , 4s i n ( 2 X ) , and 6s i n ( 3 X ) . Note: When using more than one list, the list s must have the same dimensions. Exploring Gr aphs with the F ree-Mo ving Cur sor Exploring Gr aphs with t[...]

Chapter 3: Function Gra phing 1 14 As you move the cursor around the graph, t he coordin ate values of the cursor location are displaye d at the bo ttom of the screen if CoordOn format is selected. The Float / Fix decimal mode setting determines the numbe r of decimal digits displa yed for the coordinate values. T o display the graph with no cursor[...]

Chapter 3: Function Gra phing 1 15 Exploring Gr aphs with TRACE Exploring Gr aphs with TRACE Exploring Gr aphs with TRACE Exploring Gr aphs with TRACE Beginning a T race Beginning a T race Be ginning a T race Beginning a T race Use TRACE to move the cursor from one plo tted point to the next along a function. T o begin a trace, press r . If the gra[...]

Chapter 3: Function Gra phing 1 16 If you move the trace cursor beyond the top or bottom of the scr een, the coordinate values at the bottom of the screen continue to change appropriately . Mo ving the T r ace Cu r sor fr om Functio n to Function Mo ving the T r ace Cu r sor fr om Functio n to Function Mo ving the T r ace Cu r sor fr om Functio n t[...]

Chapter 3: Function Gra phing 1 17 value must be valid for the curr ent viewing window . When you ha ve completed the entry , press Í to move the cursor . Note: This feature does not apply to st at plot s. Panning to the Left or Right Panning to the Left or Right Panning to the Left or Right Panning to the Left or Right If you trace a function bey[...]

Chapter 3: Function Gra phing 1 18 Using TRACE in a Prog r am Using TRACE in a Prog r am Using TRACE in a Prog r am Using TRACE in a Prog r am On a blank line in the progr am editor , press r . The instruction T race i s pa st e d t o t he cursor location. When the instruction is encountered durin g pr ogram execution, the graph is displayed with t[...]

Chapter 3: Function Gra phing 1 19 Zoom Cursor Zoom Cursor Zoom Cursor Zoom Cursor When you select 1:ZBox , 2:Zoom In , or 3:Zoom Out , the cursor on the graph be comes the zoom cursor ( + ), a sma ller version of the free -moving cur sor ( + ). ZBo x ZBo x ZBo x ZBo x T o define a new viewing window using ZBox , follow these steps. 1. Select 1:ZBo[...]

Chapter 3: Function Gra phing 120 4. When you have define d the box, press Í to replot the graph. T o use ZBox to define another box within the new graph, re peat steps 2 thr ough 4. T o cancel ZBox , press ‘ . Zoom In, Zoom Out Zoom In, Zoom Out Zoom In, Zoom Out Zoom In, Zoom Out Zoom In magnifies the par t of the graph that surrounds the curs[...]

Chapter 3: Function Gra phing 121 • T o zoom in at the same point, pr ess Í . • T o zoom in at a new point, move the cursor to the point that you want as the center of the new viewing window , and then press Í . T o zoom out on a graph, select 3:Zoom Out and repeat steps 3 through 5. T o cancel Zoom In or Zoom Out , press ‘ . ZDecimal ZDeci[...]

Chapter 3: Function Gra phing 122 ZStandar d ZStandar d ZStandar d ZStandar d ZSt andard replots the functions immediately . It updates the window variables to the standard valu es shown below . ZT r ig ZT r ig ZT r ig ZT r ig ZT rig replots the functions immediately . It upda tes the window variables to pre set values that are appropriate for plot[...]

Chapter 3: Function Gra phing 123 ZoomStat ZoomStat ZoomStat ZoomStat ZoomStat rede fines the viewing window so that all statistical dat a points are displayed. For regular and modified box plots, only Xmin and Xmax ar e adjusted. ZoomFit ZoomFit ZoomFit ZoomFit ZoomFit rep lots the funct ion s imm e dia te ly . ZoomFit recalculates YMin and YMax t[...]

Chapter 3: Function Gra phing 124 ZPrevious ZPrevious ZPrevious ZPrevious ZPrevious replots the graph using the window varia bles of the graph that was displayed before you executed the last ZOOM instru ction. ZoomSto ZoomSto ZoomSto ZoomSto ZoomSto immediately stores the current viewing window . The gra ph is displayed, and the values of the curre[...]

Chapter 3: Function Gra phing 125 Checking XF act and YFact Checking XF act and YFact Checking XFact and YF act Checking XF act and YFact T o display the ZOOM F ACT ORS screen, wher e you can review the current values for XFact and YFact , select 4:SetFactors from the ZOOM MEMOR Y menu. The values shown are the defaults. Changing XFact and YF act C[...]

Chapter 3: Function Gra phing 126 Using the CALC (Calculate) Oper ations Using the CALC (Calculate) Oper ations Using the CALC (Calculate) Oper ations Using the CALC (Calculate) Oper ations CALCULA TE Menu CALCULA TE Menu CALCULA TE Menu CALCULA TE Menu T o display the CALC ULA TE menu, press y/ . Use the items on this menu to analyze the current g[...]

Chapter 3: Function Gra phing 127 1. Select 1:value from the CALCULA TE menu. The graph is displayed with X= in the bottom-left corner . 2. Enter a real value, which can be an exp ression , for X between Xmin and Xmax . 3. Press Í . The cursor is on the first selected functio n in the Y= editor at the X value you entered, and the coordinates are d[...]

Chapter 3: Function Gra phing 128 1. Select 2:zero from the CALCULA TE menu. The curr ent graph is displaye d with Left Bound? in the bottom-le ft corner . 2. Press } or † to move the cursor onto the fun ction for wh ich you want to find a zer o. 3. Press | or ~ (or enter a value) to select the x-value for the lef t bound of the interval, and the[...]

Chapter 3: Function Gra phing 129 minimum, maximum minimum, maximum minimum, maximum minimum, maximum minimum and maximum find a minimum or maximum o f a function within a specified interval to a tolerance of 1 â L 5. T o find a minimum or maximum, follow these ste ps. 1. Select 3:minimum or 4:maximum from the CALCULA TE m enu. The current gr aph [...]

Chapter 3: Function Gra phing 130 2. Press † or } , if necessary , to move the cursor to the first function, and then press Í . Second curve? is displayed in the bottom-lef t corner . 3. Press † or } , if necessary , to move the cursor to the second function, and then press Í . 4. Press ~ or | to move the cursor to the point that is your gues[...]

Chapter 3: Function Gra phing 131 3. Press | or ~ (or enter a value) to select the X value at which to calculate the derivative, and th en press Í . The cursor is on the solu tion and th e numerical de rivative is displayed. T o move to the same x-value for other selected function s, pr ess } or † . T o restore the free-movin g cursor , press | [...]

Chapter 3: Function Gra phing 132 3. Set lower and upper limit s as you would set left and right bounds for zero . The integral value is displayed, and the integrated a rea is shaded. Note: The shaded area is a drawing. Use ClrDraw (Chapter 8) or any action that invokes Smart Graph to clear the shad ed area.[...]

Chapter 4: Parametric Graphing 133 Chapter 4: Chapter 4: Chapter 4: Chapter 4: P ar ametric Gr ap hing P ar ametric Gr ap hing P ar ametric Gr ap hing P ar ametric Gr ap hing Getting Star ted: Pa th of a Ball Getting Star ted: Pa th of a Ball Getting Star ted: Pa th of a Ball Getting Star ted: Pa th of a Ball Getting S tarted is a fast-paced intro [...]

Chapter 4: Parametric Graphing 134 1. Press z . Press †††~Í to select Par mode. Press ††~Í to s elect Simul for simultane ous graphing o f all three p arametric equations in this examp le. 2. Press o . Press 30 „ ™ 25 y; 1 (to select ¡ ) ¤Í to define X1 T in terms of T . 3. Press 30 „ ˜ 25 y ; 1 ¤ ¹ 9.8 ¥ 2 „ ¡ Í to def[...]

Chapter 4: Parametric Graphing 135 The horizont al component vector is define d by X3T and Y3T . 6. Press  ~ 2 , a nd th en pre ss 1 Í to de fine X3T . Press 0 Í to define Y3T . 7. Press | | } Í to change the graph style to è for X3T and Y3T . Press } Í Í to change the graph style to ë for X2T and Y2T . Press } Í Í to change the graph s[...]

Chapter 4: Parametric Graphing 136 Defining and Displaying Parametric Gra phs Defining and Displaying Parametric Gra phs Defining and Displaying Parametric Gra phs Defining and Displaying Parametric Gra phs TI-84 Plus Gra phing Mode Similarities TI-84 Plus Gra phing Mode Similarities TI-84 Plus Gra phing Mode Similarities TI-84 Plus Gra phing Mode [...]

Chapter 4: Parametric Graphing 137 Setting Parame tric Gr a phing Mode Setting Parame tric Gr a phing Mode Setting Parame tric Gr a phing Mode Setting Parame tric Gr a phing Mode T o display the mode scre en, press z . T o graph pa rametric equations, you must select Par graphing mode befor e you enter window variab les and before you enter the com[...]

Chapter 4: Parametric Graphing 138 Defining and Editing Paramet ric Equations Defining and Editing Paramet ric Equations Defining and Editing Paramet ric Equations Defining and Editing Paramet ric Equations T o define or edit a para metric equation, follow the step s in Chapter 3 for defining a function or editing a function. The indepe ndent varia[...]

Chapter 4: Parametric Graphing 139 Setting W in dow V ariables Setting W in dow V ariables Setting W indow V aria bles Setting W in dow V ariables T o display the window variab le values, press p . These variables define the viewing window . The values below are default s for Par graphin g in Radian angle mode. Note: T o ensure that sufficie nt poi[...]

Chapter 4: Parametric Graphing 140 Displaying a Gra ph Displaying a Gra ph Displaying a Graph Displaying a Gra ph When you press s , the TI-8 4 Plus plots the s elected parametric equations. It evaluates the X and Y components for each valu e of T (from Tmin to Tmax in intervals of Ts t e p ), and then plots each point defined by X and Y . The wind[...]

Chapter 4: Parametric Graphing 141 • Select or deselec t parame tric equations. • S tore values directly to window variables. Exploring P arametric Graphs Exploring P arametric Graphs Exploring P arametric Graphs Exploring P arametric Graphs Fr e e - M ov i n g C u r s o r Fr e e - M ov i n g C u r s o r Fr e e - M ov i n g C u r s o r Fr e e -[...]

Chapter 4: Parametric Graphing 142 cursor is on the first selected fu nction at Tmin . If ExprOn is selected, then the function is displayed. In RectGC format, TRACE updates and displays the values of X, Y , and T if CoordOn format is on. In PolarGC format, X, Y , R, q and T are updated; if CoordOn format is selected, R, q , and T are displayed. Th[...]

Chapter 4: Parametric Graphing 143 ZOOM ZOOM ZOOM ZOOM ZOOM operations in Par graphing wor k the same as in Fu nc g raphin g. Only the X ( Xmin , Xmax , and Xscl ) and Y ( Ymin , Ymax , and Yscl ) window variabl es are affected. The T window variables ( Tmin , Tmax , and Ts t e p ) are only affected when yo u select ZSt andard . The V ARS ZOOM seco[...]

Chapter 5: Polar Graphing 144 Chapter 5: Chapter 5: Chapter 5: Chapter 5: P olar Gr a phing P olar Gr a phing P olar Gr a phing P olar Gr a phing Getting Star ted: P o lar R ose Getting Star ted: P o lar R ose Getting Star ted: P o lar R ose Getting Star ted: P o lar R ose Getting S tarted is a fast-paced intro duction. Read the ch apter for det ai[...]

Chapter 5: Polar Graphing 145 Defining and Displaying Po lar Graphs Defining and Displaying Po lar Graphs Defining and Displaying Po lar Graphs Defining and Displaying Po lar Graphs TI-84 Plus Gra phing Mode Similarities TI-84 Plus Gra phing Mode Similarities TI-84 Plus Gra phing Mode Similarities TI-84 Plus Gra phing Mode Similarities The step s f[...]

Chapter 5: Polar Graphing 146 Setting Polar Graphing Mode Setting Polar Graphing Mode Setting Polar Graphing Mode Setting Polar Graphing Mode T o display the mode screen, press z . T o graph polar equations, you must select Pol graphing mode before you enter values for the window variables and before you enter polar equations. Displaying the Pol ar[...]

Chapter 5: Polar Graphing 147 Defining and Editing Polar Equations Defining and Editing Polar Equations Defining and Editing Polar Equations Defining and Editing Polar Equations T o define or edit a polar equation, fo llow the st ep s in Chapter 3 for defining a function or editing a function. The independent va riable in a polar equation is q . In[...]

Chapter 5: Polar Graphing 148 Note: T o ensure that sufficie nt points are p lotted, you may want to change the q window variables. Setting the Gr aph For mat Setting the Gr aph For mat Setting the Gr aph For mat Setting the Gr aph For mat T o display the current gr aph format settings, press y . . Chapter 3 describes the format settings in deta il[...]

Chapter 5: Polar Graphing 149 W indow V aria bles and W indow V aria bles and W indow V aria bles and W indow V aria bles and Y Y Y Y . . . . V ARS V ARS V ARS V ARS Menus Menus Menus Menus Y ou can perform these actions from the home screen or a program. • Access functions by using the nam e of the equation as a vari able. • S tore polar equat[...]

Chapter 5: Polar Graphing 150 Exploring P olar Graphs Exploring P olar Graphs Exploring P olar Graphs Exploring P olar Graphs Fr e e - M ov i n g C u r s o r Fr e e - M ov i n g C u r s o r Fr e e - M ov i n g C u r s o r Fr e e - M ov i n g C u r s o r The free-moving cursor in Pol graphin g works the same as in Func graphing. In RectGC format, mo[...]

Chapter 5: Polar Graphing 151 Mo ving the T r ace Cur sor to Any V alid T heta V alue Mo ving the T r ace Cur sor to Any V alid T heta V alue Mo ving the T r ace Cur sor to Any V alid T heta V alue Mo ving the T r ace Cur sor to Any V alid T heta V alue T o move the trace cursor to any valid q value on the current fu nction, enter the number . When[...]

Chapter 6: Sequence Graphi ng 152 Chapter 6: Chapter 6: Chapter 6: Chapter 6: Sequence Gr a phing Sequence Gr a phing Sequence Gr a phing Sequence Gr a phing Getting Star ted: F o rest and T rees Getting Star ted: F o rest and T rees Getting Star ted: F o rest and T rees Getting Star ted: F o rest and T rees Note: Getting S tarted is a fast-p aced [...]

Chapter 6: Sequence Graphi ng 153 3. Press o . If the grap h- st yle ico n is not ç (dot), press || , press Í until ç is displayed, and then press ~~ . 4. Press  ~ 3 to select iPa rt( (integer part) because only who le tree s ar e ha rv es ted. After each annu al harvest, 8 0 percent (.80) of the trees remain. Press Ë 8 y [u] £ „ ¹ 1 ¤ [...]

Chapter 6: Sequence Graphi ng 154 Defining and Di splayi ng Sequence Gr a phs Defining and Di splayi ng Sequence Gr a phs Defining and Di splayi ng Sequence Gr a phs Defining and Di splayi ng Sequence Gr a phs TI-84 Plus Gra phing Mode Similarities TI-84 Plus Gra phing Mode Similarities TI-84 Plus Gra phing Mode Similarities TI-84 Plus Gra phing Mo[...]

Chapter 6: Sequence Graphi ng 155 • The previous term or the term that preced es the previous term in a nother sequence function, such as u( n N 1) or u( n N 2) referenced in the se quence v( n ) . Note: S t atements in this chapter about u( n ) are also true for v( n ) and w( n ) ; st atements about u( n N 1) are also true for v( n N 1) and w( n[...]

Chapter 6: Sequence Graphi ng 156 Selecting Graph Styles Selecting Graph Styles Selecting Graph Styles Selecting Graph Styles The icons to the lef t of u( n ) , v( n ) , and w( n ) represent the graph style of each sequence (Chapter 3). The default in Seq mode is í (dot), which shows discrete value s. Dot, ç (line), and è (thick) styles are avai[...]

Chapter 6: Sequence Graphi ng 157 • T o enter the function name u , press y [u] (above ¬ ). • T o enter the function name v , press y [v] (abo ve − ). • T o enter the function name w , press y [w] (above ® ). Generally , sequences are either n onrecursive or recur sive. Sequences are eval uated only at consecutiv e integer values . n is a[...]

Chapter 6: Sequence Graphi ng 158 R ecur sive Sequences R ecur sive Sequences R ecur sive Sequences R ecur sive Sequences In a recursive sequence, the n th term in the sequence is defined in relation to the previous term or the term that preced es the previous term, r epresented by u( n N 1) and u( n N 2) . A recursive sequence ma y also be de fine[...]

Chapter 6: Sequence Graphi ng 159 Enter the initial values as a list enclosed in braces ({ }) with commas separating the values. The value of the first term is 0 and the value of the second term is 1 for the sequence u( n ) . Setting W in dow V ariables Setting W in dow V ariables Setting W indow V aria bles Setting W in dow V ariables T o display [...]

Chapter 6: Sequence Graphi ng 160 n Min must be an integer | 0. n Max , PlotSt art , and PlotS tep must be integers | 1. n Min is the smallest n value to evaluate . n Min also is displa yed in the sequ ence Y= editor . n Max is the largest n value to evaluate. Sequences are eva luated at u( n Min) , u( n Min+1) , u( n Min+2) , ... , u( n Max) . Plo[...]

Chapter 6: Sequence Graphi ng 161 Selecting Axes Combina tions Selecting Axes Combina tions Selecting Axes Combina tions Selecting Axes Combina tions Setting the Gr aph For mat Setting the Gr aph For mat Setting the Gr aph For mat Setting the Gr aph For mat T o display the current graph format settings, press y. . Chapter 3 describes the format set[...]

Chapter 6: Sequence Graphi ng 162 Displaying a Sequence Gr a ph Displaying a Sequence Gr a ph Displaying a Se quence Gr a ph Displaying a Sequence Gr a ph T o plot the selected sequence functions, press s . As a graph is plotted, the TI-84 Plus updates X, Y , and n . Smart Graph applies to sequence gra phs (Chapter 3). Exploring Sequence Gr aphs Ex[...]

Chapter 6: Sequence Graphi ng 163 When Tim e , uv , vw , or uw axes format is selected, TRACE moves the cursor along th e sequence one PlotStep increment at a time. T o move fi ve plotted points at once, press y~ or y| . • When you begin a trace, the trace cursor is on the first sele cted sequence at the term number specified by PlotS t art , eve[...]

Chapter 6: Sequence Graphi ng 164 value must be valid for the curr ent viewing window . When you ha ve completed the entry , press Í to move the cursor . ZOOM ZOOM ZOOM ZOOM ZOOM operations in Seq graphing work th e same as in Func graphing . Only the X ( Xmin , Xmax , and Xscl ) and Y ( Ymin , Ymax , and Yscl ) window variabl es are affected. Plo[...]

Chapter 6: Sequence Graphi ng 165 • When uv , vw , or uw a xes for mat is se lected, value displays X and Y according to the axes form at setting . For exam ple, for uv axes format, X represents u( n ) and Y represen ts v( n ) . Evaluating u, v , and w Evaluating u, v , and w Evaluating u, v , and w Evaluating u, v , and w T o enter the sequence [...]

Chapter 6: Sequence Graphi ng 166 V alid Fun ctions for W eb Plots V alid Fun ctions for W eb Plots V alid Fun ctions for W eb Plots V alid Fun ctions for W eb Plots When Web axes format is selected, a s equence will not graph properly or will generate an error . • It must be recursive with only one recurs ion level ( u( n N 1) but not u( n N 2) [...]

Chapter 6: Sequence Graphi ng 167 2. It moves vertically ( up or down) to the sequence. 3. It moves horizontally to the y=x referen ce line. 4. It repeats this vertic al and ho rizontal moveme nt as you co ntinue to p ress ~ . Using W eb Plots to Illu str ate Con ver gence Using W eb Plots to Illu str ate Con ver gence Using W eb Plots to Illu str [...]

Chapter 6: Sequence Graphi ng 168 5. Press y . and select the We b axes setting. 6. Press p and change the variables below . 7. Press s to graph the sequence. 8. Press r , and then press ~ to draw the web. The di spla yed cursor coordinates n , X ( u( n N 1) ), and Y ( u( n ) ) change accordingly . When you press ~ , a new n value is displayed, and[...]

Chapter 6: Sequence Graphi ng 169 Gra phing Phase Plots Gra phing Phase Plots Gra phing Phase Plots Gra phing Phase Plots Gra phing with uv , vw , and uw Gra phing with uv , vw , and uw Gr a phing with uv , vw , and uw Gra phing with uv , vw , and uw The phase-plot axes settings uv , vw , and uw show relationships between two sequences. T o select [...]

Chapter 6: Sequence Graphi ng 170 1. Press o in Seq mode to display the sequence Y= editor . Define the sequences and initial values for R n and W n as shown below . Enter the sequen ce R n as u( n ) and enter the sequence W n as v( n ) . 2. Press y . Í to select Ti me axes format. W = number of fo xes G = fox population gro wth rate with rabbits [...]

Chapter 6: Sequence Graphi ng 171 3. Press p and set the variables as shown below . 4. Press s to graph the sequence. 5. Press r ~ to individually trace the num ber of rabbits ( u( n ) ) and foxes ( v( n ) ) over time ( n ). Note: Press a number , and then press Í to jump to a specific n value (month) while in TRACE. 6. Press y . ~ ~ Í to select [...]

Chapter 6: Sequence Graphi ng 172 7. Press p and change these variables as shown below . 8. Press r . T race both the number o f rabbit s ( X ) and the number of foxes ( Y ) through 400 gener ation s. Comparing TI-84 Plus and TI-82 Sequence V aria bles Comparing TI-84 Plus and TI-82 Sequence V aria bles Comparing TI-84 Plus and TI-82 Sequence V ari[...]

Chapter 6: Sequence Graphi ng 173 K eystr ok e Dif ferences Bet ween TI-84 Plus K eystr ok e Dif ferences Bet ween TI-84 Plus K eystroke Dif ferences Between TI-84 Plus K eystr ok e Dif ferences Bet ween TI-84 Plus and TI-82 and TI-82 and TI-82 and TI-82 Sequence Keystrok e Changes Sequence Keystrok e Changes Sequence K eystroke Changes Sequence Ke[...]

Chapter 6: Sequence Graphi ng 174 v( n ) / V n y [v] £ „ ¤ y ó ¶¦Á w( n ) y [w] £ „ ¤ not available u( n N 1) / U n N 1 y [u] £ „ ¹ À ¤ y õ v( n N 1) / V n N 1 y [v] £ „ ¹ À ¤ y ö w( n N 1) y [w] £ „ ¹ À ¤ not available TI-84 Plus / TI-82 On TI-84 Pl us, press: On TI-82, press:[...]

Chapter 7: T ables 175 Chapter 7: Chapter 7: Chapter 7: Chapter 7: Ta b l e s Ta b l e s Ta b l e s Ta b l e s Getting Star ted: R oots of a Function Getting Star ted: R oots of a Function Getting Star ted: R oots of a Function Getting Star ted: R oots of a Function Getting S tarted is a fast-paced intro duction. Read the ch apter for det ails. Eva[...]

Chapter 7: T ables 176 Setting Up the T able Setting Up the T able Setting Up the T able Setting Up the T able T ABLE SETUP Scr een T ABLE SETUP Scr een T ABLE SETUP Scr een T ABLE SETUP Scr een T o display the T ABLE SETUP screen, press y - . Press Í to select Ind pnt: Auto (automatically generated inde penden t values). Pre ss † Í to select D[...]

Chapter 7: T ables 177 TblStar t, TblStar t, TblStar t, TblStar t, @ Tbl Tbl Tbl Tbl TblStart (t able start) defin es the initial value for the independent variable. TblS t art ap plies only when the independent var iable is generated automatically ( when Ind pnt: Auto is selected). @ Tbl (table step) defines the incre ment for the independent vari[...]

Chapter 7: T ables 178 Setting Up the T able from the Home Scr een or a Pr o gr am Setting Up the T able from the Home Scr een or a Pr o gr am Setting Up the T able from the Home Scr een or a Pr o g r am Setting Up the T able from the Home Scr een or a Pr o gr am T o store a value t o TblSt art , @ Tbl , or Tb Y Znput from the hom e screen or a pro[...]

Chapter 7: T ables 179 3. Press Í . The cursor moves to the bo ttom line. Edit the function. 4. Press Í or † . The new values are calculated. The t able and the Y= fu nction are updated auto matically . Note: Y o u also can use this feature to view the function that defines a dependent variable without having to leave the t able.[...]

Chapter 7: T ables 180 Displaying the T able Displaying the T able Displaying the T able Displaying the T able T he Table T he Table The T able T he Table T o display the ta ble, press y 0 . Note: The table abbre viates the values, if necessary . Independent and Dependent Variables Independent and Dependent Variables Independent and Dependent V ari[...]

Chapter 7: T ables 181 variable X and the de pendent variables Y1 and Y2 are displayed because Fu nc graphing mode is set. Clearing the T able from the Ho me Scr een or a Pr og ram Clearing the T able from the Ho me Scr een or a Pr og ram Clearing the T able from the Ho me Scr een or a Pr og ram Clearing the T able from the Ho me Scr een or a Pr og[...]

Chapter 7: T ables 182 values also are displayed. All depende nt-variable values may no t be displayed if Depend: Ask is selected. Note: Y ou can scr oll back from the value entered for TblSt art . As you scroll, TblSt art is updated automatically to the value shown on the top line of the ta ble. In the example above, TblS t art=0 and @ Tbl=1 gener[...]

Chapter 7: T ables 183 Note: T o simultaneously display two depen dent variables on the table that are not defin ed as consecutive Y= functions, go to the Y= editor and deselect the Y= functio ns between the two you want to display . For example, to simultaneously display Y 4 an d Y 7 o n t he table, go to the Y= editor and deselect Y5 and Y6.[...]

Chapter 8: Draw Instructions 184 Chapter 8: Chapter 8: Chapter 8: Chapter 8: Dr aw Instr uctions Dr aw Instr uctions Dr aw Instr uctions Dr aw Instr uctions Getting Star ted: Dr awing a T angent Li ne Getting Star ted: Dr awing a T angent Li ne Getting Star ted: Dr awing a T angent Li ne Getting Star ted: Dr awing a T angent Li ne Getting S tarted [...]

Chapter 8: Draw Instructions 185 3. Press y< 5 to s elect 5:T angent( . The tangent instruction is initiated. 4. Press y C 2 ¤ ¥ 2 . 5. Press Í . The tangent line is drawn; the X value and the t angent-line equ ation are displayed on the graph.[...]

Chapter 8: Draw Instructions 186 Using the Using the Using the Using the DRAW DRAW DRAW DRAW Menu Menu Menu Menu DRAW Menu DRAW Menu DRAW Menu DRAW Menu T o display the DRA W menu, pr ess y< . The TI-84 Plus ’s inte rpretation of these instructions depends on whethe r you accessed the menu from the home scree n or the program editor or directl[...]

Chapter 8: Draw Instructions 187 Before Drawing on a Gr aph Before Drawing on a Gr aph Bef ore Drawing on a Gr aph Before Drawing on a Gr aph The DRAW instructions draw o n top of graphs. Therefore, before you use the DRA W instructions, consider whether yo u want to perform one or mor e of the following actions. • Change the mod e settings on th[...]

Chapter 8: Draw Instructions 188 Clearing Dr awings Clearing Dr awings Clearing Dr awings Clearing Dr awings Clearing Dr awings W hen a Gr a p h Is Displayed Clearing Dr awings W hen a Gr a p h Is Displayed Clearing Dr awings W hen a Gr a p h Is Displayed Clearing Dr awings W hen a Gr a p h Is Displayed All points, lin es, and shading drawn on a gr[...]

Chapter 8: Draw Instructions 189 Drawing Line Se gments Drawing Line Se gments Drawing Line Se gments Drawing Line Se gments Drawing a Line Se gment Dir ectl y on a Gr aph Drawing a Line Se gment Dir ectl y on a Gr aph Drawing a Line Se gment Dir ectl y on a Gr aph Drawing a Line Se gment Dir ectl y on a Gr aph T o draw a line segment when a graph [...]

Chapter 8: Draw Instructions 190 Line( X1,Y1,X2,Y2 ) T o erase a line segment, enter Line( X1,Y1,X2,Y2,0 ) Drawing Horizontal and V er tical Lines Drawing Horizontal and V er tical Lines Drawing Horizontal and V er tical Lines Drawing Horizontal and V er tical Lines Drawing a Line Dir ectl y on a Gr aph Drawing a Line Dir ectl y on a Gr aph Drawing[...]

Chapter 8: Draw Instructions 191 3. Press Í to draw the line on the graph. T o continue drawing lines, repeat step s 2 an d 3. T o cancel Horizontal or Ve r t i c a l , press ‘ . Drawing a Line fr om the Home Scree n or a Pr og ra m Drawing a Line fr om the Home Scree n or a Pr og ra m Drawing a Line fr om the Home Scree n or a Pr og ra m Drawin[...]

Chapter 8: Draw Instructions 192 Drawing T angent Lines Drawing T angent Lines Drawing T angent Lines Drawing T angent Lines Drawing a T angent Line Directl y on a Gr aph Drawing a T angent Line Directl y on a Gr aph Drawing a T angent Line Directl y on a Gr aph Drawing a T angent Line Directl y on a Gr aph T o draw a tangen t line when a graph is [...]

Chapter 8: Draw Instructions 193 Note: Chang e the fixed de cimal setting on the mo de screen if you want to se e fewer digits displayed for X and the equ ation for Y . Drawing a T angent Line from the Home Scr een or a Pr ogr am Drawing a T angent Line from the Home Scr een or a Pr ogr am Drawing a T angent Line from the Home Scr een or a Pr ogr a[...]

Chapter 8: Draw Instructions 194 Drawing Functions and Inv er ses Drawing Functions and Inv er ses Drawing Functions and Inv er ses Drawing Functions and Inv er ses Drawing a Function Drawing a Function Drawing a Function Drawing a Function DrawF (draw function ) dr aw s expression as a function in terms of X on the current gr aph. When you select [...]

Chapter 8: Draw Instructions 195 DrawInv expr ession Note: Y ou cann ot use a list in expr ession to draw a family of curves. Shading Areas on a Gr a ph Shading Areas on a Gr a ph Shading Areas on a Gr aph Shading Areas on a Gr a ph Shading a Gra ph Shading a Gra ph Shading a Gra ph Shading a Gra ph T o shade an area on a graph, select 7:Shade( fro[...]

Chapter 8: Draw Instructions 196 pattern specifies one of four shading pa tterns. patr es specifies one of eight shading resolutions. Shade( lowerfunc,upperfunc [,Xleft,Xright, pattern,patr es] ) pattern = 1 pattern = 2 pattern = 3 pattern = 4 vertical (default) horizontal negative—slope 45 ¡ positive—slope 45 ¡ patr es = 1 patr es = 2 patr e[...]

Chapter 8: Draw Instructions 197 Drawing Cir c les Drawing Cir c les Drawing Cir c les Drawing Cir c les Drawing a Cir cle Directly on a Gr aph Drawing a Cir cle Directly on a Gr aph Drawing a Cir cle Directly on a Gr aph Drawing a Cir cle Directly on a Gr aph T o draw a circle directly on a displayed graph using the cursor , follow these step s. 1[...]

Chapter 8: Draw Instructions 198 Circle( X,Y ,radius ) Note: When you use Circle( on the home screen or from a program, the current window values may distort the dra wn circle. Use ZSquare (Chapter 3) before drawing th e circle to adjust the window variables and make the circle cir cular . Placing T e xt on a Gr aph Placing T e xt on a Gr aph Placi[...]

Chapter 8: Draw Instructions 199 Placing T ext on a Gr aph fr om the Ho me Screen or a Pr ogr am Placing T ext on a Gr aph fr om the Ho me Screen or a Pr ogr am Placing T ext on a Gr aph fr om the Ho me Screen or a Pr ogr am Placing T ext on a Gr aph fr om the Ho me Screen or a Pr ogr am Te x t ( pla ces on the current gr aph the ch aracters co mpr[...]

Chapter 8: Draw Instructions 200 Using P en to Dr aw on a Gr aph Using P en to Dr aw on a Gr aph Using P en to Dr aw on a Gr aph Using P en to Dr aw on a Gr aph Using Pen to Draw on a Gra ph Using Pen to Draw on a Gra ph Using Pen to Draw on a Gra ph Using Pen to Draw on a Gra ph Pen draws directly on a g raph only . Y ou cannot execute Pen from th[...]

Chapter 8: Draw Instructions 201 Drawing Points on a Gra ph Drawing Points on a Gra ph Drawing P oints on a G raph Drawing Points on a Gra ph DRAW POINTS Menu DRAW POINTS Menu DRAW POINTS Menu DRAW POINTS Menu T o display the DRA W POIN TS menu, press y<~ . The TI-84 Plus’s interpretation of these instructions depen ds on whether you a ccessed[...]

Chapter 8: Draw Instructions 202 T o continue drawing point s, repeat steps 2 a nd 3. T o cancel Pt-On( , press ‘ . Erasing Points with Erasing Points with Erasing Points with Erasing Points with Pt Pt Pt Pt- - - -O ff ( Of f( Of f( Of f( T o erase (tur n off) a drawn po int on a gr ap h, follow these steps. 1. Select 2:Pt-Off( (point off) from t[...]

Chapter 8: Draw Instructions 203 Drawing Points from the Home Scree n or a Pr og ra m Drawing Points from the Home Scree n or a Pr og ra m Drawing Points from the Home Scree n or a Pr og ra m Drawing Points from the Home Scree n or a Pr og ra m Pt-On( (point on) turns on the poin t at ( X= x , Y= y ). Pt-Off( t urns the point off. Pt-Change( toggle[...]

Chapter 8: Draw Instructions 204 T ur ning On and Of f Pixels with T ur ning On and Of f Pixels with T ur ning On and Of f Pixels with T ur ning On and Of f Pixels with Px l Pxl Pxl Pxl - - - -On ( On( On( On( and and and and Pxl Pxl Pxl Pxl- - - -Off ( Off( Of f( Off( Pxl-On( (pixel on) turn s on the pixel at ( row , column ), wher e ro w is an in[...]

Chapter 8: Draw Instructions 205 Split Screen Split Screen Split Screen Split Screen On a Horiz split screen, the maximum value for ro w is 30 for Pxl-On( , Pxl-Off( , Pxl-Change ( , and pxl-T est( . On a G- T split screen, the maxim um value for ro w is 50 and the ma ximum value for column is 46 for Pxl-On( , Pxl-Off( , Pxl-Change( , and pxl-T est[...]

Chapter 8: Draw Instructions 206 Storing a Gra ph Pictur e Storing a Gra ph Pictur e Storing a Gr a ph Pictur e Storing a Gra ph Pictur e Y ou can store up to 10 graph pictures, each of which is an image of the current graph display , in picture variables Pic1 through Pic9 , or Pic0 . Late r , you can superim pose the stored picture onto a disp lay[...]

Chapter 8: Draw Instructions 207 1. Select 2:RecallPic from the DRA W STO menu. RecallPic is p asted to the current cursor location. 2. Enter the numbe r (from 1 to 9, or 0) of the picture variable from which you wa nt to recall a picture. For example, if you enter 3, the TI-84 P lus will recall the picture stored to Pic3 . Note: Y o u also can sel[...]

Chapter 8: Draw Instructions 208 A GDB stores five element s of a graph. • Graphing mode • Window variables • Format settings • All functions in the Y= editor and the selection status of each • Graph style for each Y= function GDBs do not contain drawn items or stat pl ot definitions. Storing a Gr a ph Database Storing a Gr a ph Database [...]

Chapter 8: Draw Instructions 209 R e calling Gra ph Databases (GDB) R e calling Gra ph Databases (GDB) R e calling Gra ph Databases (GDB) R e calling Gra ph Databases (GDB) R ecalling a Graph Database R ecalling a Graph Database Recalling a Gr aph Database R ecalling a Graph Database CAUTION: When you rec all a GDB, it replaces all existing Y= func[...]

Chapter 8: Draw Instructions 210[...]

Chapter 9: S plit Screen 21 1 Chapter 9: Chapter 9: Chapter 9: Chapter 9: Split Scr e en Split Scr e en Spli t Scr een Split Scr e en Getting Star ted: Expl oring the Unit Cir c le Getting Star ted: Expl oring the Unit Cir c le Getting Star ted: Expl oring the Unit Cir c le Getting Star ted: Expl oring the Unit Cir c le Getting S tarted is a fast-p[...]

Chapter 9: S plit Screen 212 3. Press o to display the Y= editor for Par graphing mode. Press ™ „ ¤ Í to store co s(T) to X1 T . Press ÷ ˜ „ ¤ Í to store sin(T) to Y1 T . 4. Press p to display the window editor . Enter these values for the window variables. Tmin=0 Xmin= L 2.3 Ymin= L 2.5 Tmax=360 Xm ax=2.3 Ymax=2.5 T step=15 Xscl=1 Yscl[...]

Chapter 9: S plit Screen 213 Using Spli t Scr een Using Spli t Scr een Using Spli t Scr een Using Spli t Scr een Setting a Split -Screen M ode Setting a Split -Screen M ode Setting a Split-Scr een Mode Setting a Split -Screen M ode T o set a split-screen mode, press z , an d then move the cursor to the next-to-last line on the mo de screen . • Se[...]

Chapter 9: S plit Screen 214 If stat plot s are turned on, the plot s are s hown along with the x-y plots in graphs. Press y 0 to make the table portion of the split screen active and to display the list data. Press † or } to highlight a value y ou want to ed it, and then en ter a new va lue directly in the table to overwrite the previous value. [...]

Chapter 9: S plit Screen 215 Horiz (Horiz ontal) S p lit Sc reen Horiz (Horiz ontal) S p lit Sc reen Horiz (Ho riz ontal) S plit S c reen Horiz (Horiz ontal) S p lit Sc reen Horiz Mode Horiz Mode Horiz Mode Horiz Mode In Horiz (horizontal) split-scree n mode, a horizont al line splits the scr een into top and bottom ha lves. The top half d isplays [...]

Chapter 9: S plit Screen 216 • Press s or r . • Select a ZOOM or CALC oper ation. T o use the bottom half of the split screen: • Press any key or key combinatio n tha t dis pla ys th e ho m e scr ee n. • Press o (Y= editor). • Press … Í (stat list editor). • Press p (window editor). • Press y 0 (table editor ). Full Screens in Hori[...]

Chapter 9: S plit Screen 217 The left half displa ys all active graphs and plot s. The right half displays either t able dat a corres ponding to the grap h at the left or list data correspond in g to th e plo t at th e left. Mo ving from Half to Half in G-T Mode Mo ving from Half to Half in G-T Mode Mo ving from Half to Half in G-T Mode Mo ving fro[...]

Chapter 9: S plit Screen 218 Note: When y ou trace in Par graphing mode, both component s of an equati on ( X n T and Y n T ) are displayed in the two columns of the t abl e. As yo u trace, th e cu rren t value of the independent var iable T is displayed on th e graph. Full Screens in G-T Mode Full Screens in G-T Mode Full Screens in G-T Mode Full [...]

Chapter 9: S plit Screen 219 Note: Each set of numbers in parentheses abo ve represent s the row and colum n of a corner pixel, which is turned on. DRAW POINTS Menu Pixel Instructions DRAW POINTS Menu Pixel Instructions DRAW POINTS Men u Pixel Instr u ctions DRAW POINTS Menu Pixel Instructions For Pxl-On( , Pxl-Off( , Pxl-Change ( , and pxl-T est( [...]

Chapter 9: S plit Screen 220 Output( ro w , column ," text ") Note: The Output( instruction can on ly be used within a prog ram. Setting a Split-Scr een Mode fr om the Home Scr een or a Pr ogr am Setting a Split-Scr een Mode fr om the Home Scr een or a Pr ogr am Setting a Split-Scr een Mode fr om the Home Scr een or a Pr ogr am Setting a [...]

Chapter 10: Matrices 221 Chapter 10: Chapter 10: Chapter 10: Chapter 10: Matrices Matrices Ma tr ices Matrices Getting Star ted: Systems of Linear Equations Getting Star ted: Systems of Linear Equations Getting Star ted: Systems of Linear Equations Getting Star ted: Systems of Linear Equations Getting S tarted is a fast-paced intro duction. Read th[...]

Chapter 10: Matrices 222 Defini ng a Matrix Defini ng a Matrix Defini ng a Matrix Defini ng a Matrix W hat Is a Matrix? W hat Is a Matrix? W hat Is a Matrix? W hat Is a Matrix? A matrix is a two-dimensional array . Y ou can di splay , define, or e dit a matrix in the matrix editor . The TI-84 Plus has 10 matrix variables, [A] through [J] . Y ou can[...]

Chapter 10: Matrices 223 Selecting a Matrix Selecting a Matrix Selecting a Matrix Selecting a Matrix Before you can defin e or displa y a ma tr ix in the editor , you first must select the matrix name. T o do so, follow these step s. 1. Press y| to display the MA TRX EDIT menu. The dimensions of any previously defined matrices are displayed. 2. [...]

Chapter 10: Matrices 224 The cursor moves to the column dimen sion, which you must accept or ch ange the same way you accepted or changed the row dimensio n. When you press Í , the rectangula r cursor moves to the first matrix element. Vi ewing and Edi ting Matrix Elements Vi ewing and Edi ting Matrix Elements Vi ewing and Edi ting Matrix Elements[...]

Chapter 10: Matrices 225 Deleting a Matrix Deleting a Matrix Deleting a Matrix Deleting a Matrix T o delete matrices from memory , use the MEMORY MANAGEMENT/DELETE se condary menu (Chap ter 18). Viewing a Ma trix Viewing a Ma trix Viewi ng a Ma trix Viewing a Ma trix The matrix editor has two co ntext s, viewing and editing. In viewing con text, yo[...]

Chapter 10: Matrices 226 Editing a Matrix Element Editing a Matrix Element Editing a Matrix Element Editing a Matrix Element In editing context, an edit cursor is active on the bo ttom line. T o edit a matrix element value, follow these steps. 1. Select the matrix from the MA TRX EDIT menu, and then enter or a ccept the dimensions. 2. Press | , } ,[...]

Chapter 10: Matrices 227 5. Press Í , } , or † to move to another element. Editing-Conte xt K eys Editing-Conte xt K eys Editing-Conte xt K eys Editing-Conte xt K eys Key Function | or ~ Moves the edit cursor within the value † or } S tores the value displ ayed on the bottom line to the matrix element; switches to viewing context and moves the[...]

Chapter 10: Matrices 228 Using Ma trices with Expressions Using Ma trices with Expressions Using Ma trices with Expressions Using Ma trices with Expressions Using a Matrix in an Expression Using a Matrix in an Expression Using a Matrix in an Expression Using a Matrix in an Expression T o use a matrix in an expression, you can do any of the followin[...]

Chapter 10: Matrices 229 6. Press y [ ] ] to indicat e the end of the mat rix. Note: The closing ]] are not necessary at the end of an expression or preceding ! . The resulting matrix is displayed in the for m: [[ element1,1 , ... , element1,n ], ... ,[ elementm,1 , ... , el ementm,n ]] Any expressions are evaluated when the entry is executed. Note[...]

Chapter 10: Matrices 230 Copying One Ma trix to Another Copying One Ma trix to Another Cop ying One Matrix to Another Copying One Ma trix to Another T o copy a matrix, follow these step s. 1. Press y > to display the MA TRX NAMES menu. 2. Select the name of th e matrix yo u want to co py . 3. Press ¿ . 4. Press y > again and select the name [...]

Chapter 10: Matrices 231 [ matrix ]( ro w , column ) Using Math Functions wit h Matrices Using Math Functions wit h Matrices Using Math Functions wit h Matrices Using Math Functions wit h Matrices Using Math Functio ns with Matrices Using Math Functio ns with Matrices Using Math Functio ns with Matrices Using Math Functio ns with Matrices Y ou can [...]

Chapter 10: Matrices 232 matrixA … matrixB Multiplying a matrix by a value or a value by a matrix returns a matrix in which each element of matrix is multiplied by value . matrix … value value … matrix Negation Negation Negation Negation Negating a matrix ( Ì ) returns a matrix in which the sign of every element is changed (reversed) . L mat[...]

Chapter 10: Matrices 233 abs( abs( abs( abs( abs( (absolute value, MA TH NUM menu ) returns a matrix cont aining the abso lute value of each element of matrix . abs( matrix ) round( round( round( round( round( ( MA TH NUM menu) returns a matrix. It rounds every element in matrix to # d ecimals (  9). If #decimals is omitted, the elements are ro [...]

Chapter 10: Matrices 234 matrix L 1 Pow er s Pow er s Pow er s Pow er s T o raise a matrix to a power , matrix m ust be sq uare. Y o u can use 2 ( ¡ ), 3 ( MA TH menu) , or ^ power ( › ) for integer power betw een 0 and 255 . matrix 2 matrix 3 matrix ^ power R elational Operations R elational Operations R e lational Operations R elational Operat[...]

Chapter 10: Matrices 235 matrixA = matrixB returns 1 if every comparison is true ; it returns 0 if any c omparison is false. matrixA ƒ matr ixB returns 1 if at least one comparis on is false; it returns 0 if no comp ar ison is false. iPar t(, fPar t(, int( iPar t(, fPar t(, int( iPar t(, fPar t ( , in t( iPar t(, fPar t(, int( iPart( (integer part[...]

Chapter 10: Matrices 236 iPart( matrix ) fPart( matrix ) int( matrix ) Using the Using the Using the Using the MA TRX MA TH MA TRX MA TH MA TRX MA TH MA TRX MA TH Oper ations Operations Operations Operations MA TRX MA TH Menu MA TRX MA TH Menu MA TRX MA TH Menu MA TRX MA TH Menu T o display the MA T RX MA TH menu, pres s y~ . NAMES MATH EDIT 1: [...]

Chapter 10: Matrices 237 det( det( det( det( det( (determinant) returns the determinan t (a real number) of a square matrix . det( matrix ) T r anspose T r anspose T ranspose T r anspose T (transpose) returns a ma trix in which each element (row , column) is swapped with the correspond ing elemen t (column , row) of matrix . 9: List 4 matr( S t ore[...]

Chapter 10: Matrices 238 matrix T Accessing Matrix Dimensions with Accessing Matrix Dimensions with Accessing M atrix Dimensions with Accessing Matrix Dimensions with dim( dim( dim( dim( dim( (dimension) returns a list conta ining the dimensions ( { ro w s c o l u m n s } ) of matrix . dim( matrix ) Note: dim( matrix ) " L n :L n (1) returns t[...]

Chapter 10: Matrices 239 R edimensioning R edimensioning R edimensioning R edimensioning a Matrix with a Matrix wit h a Matrix wit h a Matrix wit h d i m ( dim( dim( dim( Use dim( with ¿ to redimension an existing matrixname to dimensions ro w s × columns . The element s in the old matrixname that are within the ne w dim ensions are not changed. [...]

Chapter 10: Matrices 240 identity( dimension ) randM( randM( rand M( randM( randM( (create random matr ix) returns a row s × columns random matrix of integers ‚ L 9 and  9. The seed va lue stored t o the rand function controls th e values (Chapter 2). randM( ro w s , columns ) augment( augment( augment( augment( augment( appen ds matrixA to m[...]

Chapter 10: Matrices 241 Matr 4 list( (matrix stored to list) fills each listname with elements from each column in matrix . Matr 4 list( ignores extra listname arguments. Likewise, Matr 4 list( ignores extra matrix columns. Matr 4 list( matrix , listnameA , ... , listname n ) Matr 4 list( also fills a listname with elements fro m a specified col u[...]

Chapter 10: Matrices 242 List 4 matr( listA , ... , list n , matrixname ) cumSum( cumSum( cumSum( cumSum( cumSum( returns cumulative sums of the elements in matrix , starting with the first element. Each element is t he cumulative sum of the column from top to bottom. cumSum( matrix ) Ro w Oper ations Ro w Oper ations Ro w Operations Ro w Oper atio[...]

Chapter 10: Matrices 243 ref(, r ref( ref(, r ref( ref(, r ref( ref(, r ref( ref( (row-echelon fo rm) returns the r ow-e chelon form of a real matrix . The nu mber of columns must be greater than or equa l to the number of rows. ref( matrix ) rref( (reduced row-echelon for m) returns the reduced row-echelo n form of a real matrix . The number of co[...]

Chapter 10: Matrices 244 ro w +( ro w +( ro w +( ro w +( row+( (row addition) returns a matrix. It adds ro w A and ro w B of matrix and stor es the results in row B . row+( matrix , row A , ro w B ) … row ( row ( ro w( row ( … row( (row multiplication) retu rns a matrix. It multiplies ro w of matrix by value and stores the results in row . … [...]

Chapter 10: Matrices 245 … row+( value , matrix , row A , ro w B )[...]

Chapter 1 1: Li sts 246 Chapter 11: Chapter 11: Chapter 11: Chapter 11: Lists Lists Lists Lists Getting Star ted: Gener ating a Sequence Getting Star ted: Gener ating a Sequence Getting Star ted: Gener ating a Sequence Getting Star ted: Gener ating a Sequence Getting S tarted is a fast-paced intro duction. Read the ch apter for det ails. Calculate [...]

Chapter 1 1: Li sts 247 Nami ng Li sts Nami ng Li sts Nami ng Li sts Nami ng Li sts Using TI-84 Plus List Names L Using TI-84 Plus List Names L Using TI-84 Plus List Names L Using TI-84 Plus List Names L1 1 1 1 through L through L through L through L 6 6 6 6 The TI-84 Plus has six list names in memory: L1 , L2 , L3 , L4 , L5 , and L6 . The list nam[...]

Chapter 1 1: Li sts 248 Creating a List Name on the Home Screen Creating a List Name on the Home Screen Creating a List Name on the Home Screen Creating a List Name on the Home Screen T o create a list name on the home screen, follow these steps. 1. Press y E , enter one or more list element s, and then press yF . Separate list element s with comma[...]

Chapter 1 1: Li sts 249 •A t a n Xlist: , Ylist: , or Dat a List: promp t in the stat plot edito r •A t a List: , List1:, List2: , Freq: , Freq1: , Freq2: , XList: , or YList: pr ompt in the inferential stat editors • On the home scree n using SetUpEditor Y ou can create as many list names as your TI-84 Plus memory has space to stor e. Storin[...]

Chapter 1 1: Li sts 250 Displaying a List on the Home Screen Displaying a List on the Home Screen Displaying a List on the Home Screen Displaying a List on the Home Screen T o display the e lements of a list on the home screen, enter the na me of the list (preceded by Ù , if necessary , and then press Í . An ellip sis indicates that the list cont[...]

Chapter 1 1: Li sts 251 Deleting a List fr om Memor y Deleting a List fr om Memor y Deleting a List from Memor y Deleting a List fr om Memor y T o delete lists from memory , including L1 through L6 , use the MEMOR Y MANAGEMENT/DELETE secondary menu (Cha pte r 18 ). Resetting memory restores L1 through L6 . Removing a list from the stat list editor [...]

Chapter 1 1: Li sts 252 Note: From t he top of a menu, pr ess } to move to the bottom . From the bottom , press † to move to the top. When you select a list name from the LIST NAMES menu, the list name is p a sted to the current cursor location. • The list name symbol Ù precedes a list name when the name is pasted where non- list name dat a al[...]

Chapter 1 1: Li sts 253 2. Select B: Ù , which pastes Ù to the current cursor location. Ù is not always necessary . 3. Enter the character s that comp rise the list n ame. Attaching F or mulas to List Name s Attaching F or mulas to List Name s Attaching F or mulas to List Names Attaching F or mulas to List Name s Attaching a F or mula to a List [...]

Chapter 1 1: Li sts 254 For example, the first screen below shows that element s are stored to L3 , and the formula L3+10 is attache d to the list name Ù ADD10 . The quotation marks design ate the formula to be attached t o Ù ADD10 . Each element of Ù ADD10 is the sum of an element in L3 and 10. The next screen sh ows a nother list, L4 . The ele[...]

Chapter 1 1: Li sts 255 Attaching a F or mula to a List on the Home S creen o r in a Pr og ram Attaching a F or m ula to a List on the Ho me Scr een or in a Pr og ram Attaching a F or mula to a List on the Home S creen o r in a Pr og ram Attaching a F or m ula to a List on the Ho me Scr een or in a Pr og ram T o attach a formula to a list name from[...]

Chapter 1 1: Li sts 256 Detaching a F or mula fro m a List Detaching a F or mula fro m a List Detaching a F or mula fro m a List Detaching a F or mula fro m a List Y ou can detach (clear) an att ached formula from a list in several ways. For example: •E n t e r ã ã ! listname on the home screen. • Edit any element of a list to which a formula[...]

Chapter 1 1: Li sts 257 • Use y K to recall the contents of the list into an expression at the cursor location (Chapter 1 ). Note: Y ou must paste user-c reated list n ames to the Rcl prompt by selecting them from the LIST NAMES menu. Y ou cannot enter them dire ctly using Ù . Using Lists with M ath Functions Using Lists with M ath Functions Usi[...]

Chapter 1 1: Li sts 258 • When you use a list and a value with a two- argument function, t he value is used with each element in the list. LIST OPS Menu LIST OPS Menu LIST OPS Menu LIST OPS Menu LIST OPS Menu LIST OPS Menu LIST OPS Me nu LIST OPS Menu T o display the LI ST OPS menu, pr ess y9~ . NAMES OPS MATH 1: SortA( Sorts list s in ascending [...]

Chapter 1 1: Li sts 259 Sor tA(, Sor tD( Sor tA(, Sor tD( Sor tA(, Sor tD( Sor tA(, Sor tD( SortA( (sort ascending) sort s list element s from low to high values. SortD( (sort descending) s orts list elements from hig h to low values . Complex lists are s orted based on magnitude (modulus). With one list, SortA( and SortD( sort the elements of list[...]

Chapter 1 1: Li sts 260 SortA( keylistname , dependlist1 [ , dependlist2 , .. . , dependlist n ] ) SortD( keylistname , dependlist1 [ , dependlist2 , .. . , dependlist n ] ) Note: • In the example, 5 is the first ele ment in L4 , and 1 is the first element in L5 . After SortA(L4,L5) , 5 becomes th e second element of L4 , and likewis e, 1 becom e[...]

Chapter 1 1: Li sts 261 Using dim( to Create a List Using dim( to Create a List Using dim( to Create a List Using dim( to Create a List Y ou can use dim( w ith ¿ to create a new listname with dimension length from 1 to 99 9. The element s are zeros. length ! dim( listname ) Using dim( to Redimension a List Using dim( to Redimension a List Usin g d[...]

Chapter 1 1: Li sts 262 Fill( Fill( Fill( Fill( Fill( replaces each element in listname with value . Fill( value , listname ) Note: dim( and Fill ( are the same as dim( and Fill( on the MA TRX MA TH menu (Chapter 1 0). seq( seq( seq( seq( seq( (sequence) returns a list in which each el ement is the result of the evaluatio n of expr ession wit h reg[...]

Chapter 1 1: Li sts 263 cumSum( cumSum( cumSum( cumSum( cumSum( (cumulative sum) returns the cumulative sums of the ele ments in list , st arting with the first element. list element s can be real or comp lex numbers. cumSum( list ) @ List( List( List( List( @ List( returns a list containi ng the diff eren ces betwe en consecutive element s in list[...]

Chapter 1 1: Li sts 264 example, you ca n use Select( to select and then analyze a portion of plotted CBL 2™/CBL™ or CBR™ data. Select( xlistname , ylistname ) Note: Before you use Select( , you must have selecte d (turned on) a scatter plot or xyLine plot. Also, the plot must be displayed in the current viewing window . Before Using Select( [...]

Chapter 1 1: Li sts 265 2. Enter xlistname , press ¢ , enter ylistname , and then pr ess ¤ to designate list names into which you wan t th e sele ct ed data to be stor ed . 3. Press Í . The graph scre en is displayed with Left Bound? in the bottom-left corner . 4. Press } or † (if more than one stat plot is selected ) to move the cursor onto t[...]

Chapter 1 1: Li sts 266 7. Press | or ~ to move the cursor to the stat plot point that you want for the right bound, and then press Í . The x-values and y-values of the selected po int s are stored in xlistname and ylistname . A new stat plot of xlistname and ylistname replaces the st at plot from which yo u selected data points. The list names ar[...]

Chapter 1 1: Li sts 267 augment( augment( augment( augment( augment( concatenates the elements of list A and listB . The list element s can be real or complex numbers. augment( listA , listB ) List List List List 4 matr( matr( matr( matr( List 4 matr( (lists stored to matrix) fills matrixname column by column with t he elements from each list. If t[...]

Chapter 1 1: Li sts 268 Matr 4 list( (matrix stored to lists) fills each listname with elements from each column in matrix . If the number of listname argu ment s exceed s the n umber of columns in matrix , then Matr 4 list( ignores extra listname arguments. Likewise, if the nu m ber of co lum n s in matrix exceeds the number of listname arguments,[...]

Chapter 1 1: Li sts 269 Generally , Ù must prec ede a us er-created list name when you enter a user-created list name where ot he r inp ut is valid , fo r ex ample, on the home screen. Without the Ù , the TI-84 Plus may misinterpret a user-created list name as imp lied multiplicatio n of two or more characte rs. Ù need not precede a user -create[...]

Chapter 1 1: Li sts 270 min(, max( min(, max( min(, max( min(, max( min( (minimum) and max( (maximum) retur n the smallest or largest element of listA . If two lists are compared, it returns a list of the smaller or larger of each pair of elements in list A and listB . For a complex list, the element with smallest or largest magn itude (modulus) is[...]

Chapter 1 1: Li sts 271 sum(, prod( sum(, prod( sum(, prod( sum(, prod( sum( (summation) returns the sum of the elem ents in li st . start and end are optional; they specify a range of element s. list elements can be real or comple x nu m be rs . prod( returns the product of all element s of list . start and end elements are op tional; they specify[...]

Chapter 1 1: Li sts 272 stdDev(, variance( stdDev(, variance( stdDe v(, variance( stdDev(, variance( stdDev( returns the st anda rd devi ation of the element s in list . The default value for freqlist is 1. Each fre qlist element counts the number of consecut ive occurrence s of the correspondin g element in list . Complex lists are not valid. • [...]

Chapter 12: St atistics 273 Chapter 12: Chapter 12: Chapter 12: Chapter 12: Statistics Statistics Sta t isti cs Statistics Getting Star ted: Pe ndulum Lengths and P eriods Getting Star ted: Pe ndulum Lengths and P eriods Getting Star ted: Pe ndulum Lengths and P eriods Getting Star ted: Pe ndulum Lengths and P eriods Getting S tarted is a fast-pace[...]

Chapter 12: St atistics 274 2. Press … 5 to select 5:SetUpEditor . SetUpEditor is pasted to the home scree n. Press Í . This removes lists fr om stat list editor columns 1 through 20, and th en stores lists L1 through L6 in columns 1 through 6. Note: Removing lists from the st at list editor does not delete them fro m m em o ry . 3. Press … 1 [...]

Chapter 12: St atistics 275 6. Press o to display the Y= editor . If necessary , press ‘ to clea r th e fun ctio n Y1 . As necessary , press } , Í , and ~ to turn of f Plot1 , Plot2 , and Plot3 from the top line of the Y= editor (Chapter 3). As necessary , press † , | , and Í to deselect functions. 7. Press y , 1 to select 1:Plo t1 from the S[...]

Chapter 12: St atistics 276 Since the scatter plot of time -versus-len gth dat a appears to be ap proximately linear , fit a line to the data . 10. Press … ~ 4 to select 4:LinReg(ax+b) (linear regression model) fro m the ST A T CALC menu. LinReg(ax+b) is pasted to the home screen. 1 1. Press y d ¢ y e ¢ . Press  ~ 1 to display the V ARS Y-V [...]

Chapter 12: St atistics 277 The regression line appears to fit the central portion of the scatter pl ot well. However , a residual plot may provide more information about this fit. 14. Press … 1 to select 1:Edit . The stat list editor is displayed. Press ~ and } to move the c ursor onto L3 . Press y 6 . An unnamed column is di splayed in column 3[...]

Chapter 12: St atistics 278 Notice that the first three residuals are n egative. They correspon d to the shortest pendulum str i ng leng th s in L1 . The next five residuals are po sitive, and three of the last four are negative. The latter corr es pond to the longer string lengths in L1 . Plotting the residuals will show this pattern more clearly [...]

Chapter 12: St atistics 279 Notice the patter n of the r esiduals: a g roup of negative residuals, then a group of positive residuals, and then another g ro up of negative residuals. The residual p attern indi cates a curvatur e as sociated with this da ta set for which the linear model did not account. The residual plo t em phasizes a downward cur[...]

Chapter 12: St atistics 280 The new function y=.192x .522 appears to fit the data well. T o get more information, examine a residu a l plot . 25. Press Í to calcula te the powe r regressio n. V alues for a and b are displayed on the home screen. The power reg ression equation is stor ed in Y1 . Residuals are calculated and stored automatically in [...]

Chapter 12: St atistics 281 The new residual plot shows that the residu als are random in sign, with the residu als increasing in magnitud e as th e string length increases. T o see the magnitudes of the res iduals, con tinue with these steps. Now that you have a goo d model for the relationship betwee n length and period, you can use the mo del to[...]

Chapter 12: St atistics 282 Setting Up Statisti cal Anal yses Setting Up Statisti cal Anal yses Setting Up Statisti cal Anal yses Setting Up Statisti cal Anal yses Using Lists to Store Data Using Lists to Store Data Using Lists to Store Data Using Lists to Store Data Data for statistical analyses is stored in lists , which you can crea te and edit [...]

Chapter 12: St atistics 283 can store data for s tatistical calculations. Al so, you can store dat a to list names that you create (Chapter 1 1). Setting Up a Statistical Analysis Setting Up a Statistical Analysis Set ting Up a Statistical Anal ysis Setting Up a Statistical Analysis T o set up a statistical analysis, follow these steps. Read the ch[...]

Chapter 12: St atistics 284 The top line displays list names. L1 thro ugh L6 are stored in columns 1 thr oug h 6 af ter a memory reset. The number of the current column is displayed in the to p-right corner . The bottom line is the entry line. All data entry occurs on this line. The char acteristics of this line change according to the current cont[...]

Chapter 12: St atistics 285 2. Enter a valid list name in an y of four ways . • S elect a name from the LIST NAMES menu (Chap ter 1 1). •E n t e r L1 , L2 , L3 , L4 , L5 , or L6 from the keyboard. • Enter an existing user-created list name directly from the keyboard. • Enter a new user-crea ted list name. 3. Press Í or † to store the lis[...]

Chapter 12: St atistics 286 T o begin entering, scrolling, or editing list element s, press † . The rectan gular cursor is displayed. Note: If the list name you entered in step 2 already was stor ed in another stat list editor column, then the list a nd it s element s, if a ny , move to the current column from the previous column. Remainin g list[...]

Chapter 12: St atistics 287 R emo ving a List from the Stat List Editor R emo ving a List from the Stat List Editor R e moving a List from the Stat List Editor R emo ving a List from the Stat List Editor T o remove a list from th e stat list editor , move the cursor onto the list nam e and then press { . The list is not deleted from memory; it is o[...]

Chapter 12: St atistics 288 • On the home scr ee n or in the program edito r , enter 0 ! dim( listname ) to set the dimension o f listname to 0 ( Chapter 1 1). •U s e ClrAllLists to clear all lists in memory (Chapter 18). Editing a List Element Editing a List Element Editing a List Element Editing a List Element T o edit a list element, follow [...]

Chapter 12: St atistics 289 Note: Y o u can enter expressions an d variables for element s. 4. Press Í , } , or † to update the list. If you entered an expression, it is evaluated. If you ente red only a v ariable, the stored valu e is displayed as a lis t element. When you edit a list elemen t in the stat list editor , the list is updated in me[...]

Chapter 12: St atistics 290 1. Press … Í to display the stat list editor . 2. Press } to move the cursor to the top line. 3. Press | or ~ , if necessary , to move the cursor on to the list nam e to which you w ant to attach the formula. Note: If a formula in quota tion marks is displayed on the e ntry line, then a formula is already attached to [...]

Chapter 12: St atistics 291 Using the Stat List Editor W hen For mula-Gener ated Lists Are Displayed Using the Stat List Editor W hen For mula-Gener ated Lists Are Displayed Using the Sta t List Editor W hen F or mula-Gener ated Lists Are Displayed Using the Stat List Editor W hen For mula-Gener ated Lists Are Displayed When you edit an element of [...]

Chapter 12: St atistics 292 Handling Er ror s Resulting from Attached F or mulas Handling Er ror s Resulting from Attached F or mulas Hand ling Er r o r s Resulting from Attached For m ulas Handling Er ror s Resulting from Attached F or mulas On the home screen, you can attach to a lis t a formula that references another list with dimension 0 (Chap[...]

Chapter 12: St atistics 293 For example: • In the stat list editor , move the cursor onto the name of the list to which a formula is attached. Press Í‘Í . All list elements rema in, but the formula is detached and th e lock symbol disappears. • In the st at list editor , move the cursor onto an element of the li st to which a formula is att[...]

Chapter 12: St atistics 294 Switc hing Sta t L ist Editor Con te xts Switc hing Sta t L ist Editor Con te xts Switching Sta t List Editor Conte xts Switc hing Sta t L ist Editor Con te xts Stat List Editor Conte xts Stat List Editor Conte xts Stat List Editor Conte xts Stat List Editor Conte xts The stat list editor has four context s. • Vie w-el[...]

Chapter 12: St atistics 295 Sta t List Editor Conte xts Sta t List Editor Conte xts Sta t List Editor Conte xts Sta t List Editor Conte xts View -Ele me nts Context View -Ele me nts Context View-Ele ments Context View -Ele me nts Context In view-elements co ntext, the entry line di splays the list name , the cur rent element’s place in that list,[...]

Chapter 12: St atistics 296 T o page down the list six element s, press ƒ† . T o page up six elemen ts, press ƒ} . T o delete a list element, press { . Remaining elements shift up one row . T o insert a new element, press y6 . 0 is the default valu e for a new eleme nt. Edit-Elements Conte x t Edit-Elements Conte x t Edit-Elements Conte x t Edi[...]

Chapter 12: St atistics 297 • When you switch to edit-element s context from view-names context, the full values of all elements in the list are displayed. An ellipsis indicate s that list element s continue beyond the scr een. Y ou can press ~ and | to edit any element in the list. Note: In edit-elements conte xt, you can attach a formula to a l[...]

Chapter 12: St atistics 298 Enter-Name Conte xt Enter-Name Conte xt Enter-Name Context Enter-Name Conte xt In enter-name context, the Name= prompt is displayed in th e entry line, and alp ha-lock is on. At the Name= pr omp t, you can create a new list name, paste a list na me from L1 to L6 from the ke yboard, or paste an existing list name from the[...]

Chapter 12: St atistics 299 ST A T EDIT Menu ST A T EDIT Menu ST A T EDIT Menu ST A T EDIT Menu ST A T EDIT Menu ST A T EDIT Menu ST A T EDIT Menu ST A T EDIT Menu T o display the ST A T EDIT menu, press … . Note: Chapter 13: Inferential S tatistics describes the ST A T TESTS menu item s. Sor tA(, Sor tD( Sor tA(, Sor tD( Sor tA(, Sor tD( Sor tA([...]

Chapter 12: St atistics 300 keylistname . This let s you sort two-variab le data on X and keep the dat a pairs together . All lists must have the same dimension. The sorted list s are updated in memory . SortA( listname ) SortD( listname ) SortA( keylistname , dependlist1 [ , dependlist2 , ... , dep endlist n ] ) SortD( keylistname , dependlist1 [ [...]

Chapter 12: St atistics 301 SetUpEditor SetUpEditor SetUpEd itor SetUpEditor With SetUpEditor you can set up the st at list ed itor to display one or more listnames in the order that you specify . Y ou can specify z ero to 20 listnames . Additionally , if you want to use listnames which happen to be archived, the Set Up Editor will automatically un[...]

Chapter 12: St atistics 302 R estoring L R estoring L R estoring L R estoring L 1 1 1 1 through L through L through L through L 6 6 6 6 to the Sta t List Editor to the Stat List Editor to the Stat List Editor to the Stat List Editor SetUpEditor with no listnames removes all list names from the st at list editor and restores list names L1 through L6[...]

Chapter 12: St atistics 303 The TI-84 Plus uses the formula below to compute RESID list element s. The next section describe s the variable RegEQ . RESID = Ylistname N RegEQ( Xlistname ) Automatic R eg r ession Equation Automatic R eg r ession Equation A utoma tic R egr ession Equation Automatic R eg r ession Equation Each regression model has an o[...]

Chapter 12: St atistics 304 Note: For the regression equation, you can use th e fixed-decimal mode setting to control the number of digit s stored afte r the decimal point (Chapte r 1). However , limiting the number of digit s to a small number could af fect the accuracy of the fit. Diagnostics Display Mode Diagnostics Display Mode Diagnostics Disp[...]

Chapter 12: St atistics 305 By default, these values are not displayed with the results of a regression model wh en you execute it. However , you can set th e diagnostics display mode by executing the Diagnostic On or DiagnosticOff instruction. Each instruction is in the CA T A LOG (Chapter 15). Note: T o set Diagnost icOn or DiagnosticOff from the[...]

Chapter 12: St atistics 306 ST A T CAL C Menu ST A T CAL C Menu ST A T CAL C Menu ST A T CAL C Menu ST A T CALC Menu ST A T CALC Menu ST A T CALC Menu ST A T CALC Menu T o display the ST A T CALC menu, press … ~ . EDIT CALC TESTS 1: 1-Var Stats Calcu lates 1-variable statistics. 2: 2-Var Stats Calcu lates 2-variable statistics. 3: Med-Med Calcula[...]

Chapter 12: St atistics 307 For each ST A T CALC menu item, if neither Xlistname nor Ylistname is specified, then the default list names are L1 and L2 . If you do not specify fr eqlist , then the default is 1 occurrence of each list element. F requency of Occur r ence for Data P oin ts F requency of Occur r ence for Data P oin ts F requency of Occu[...]

Chapter 12: St atistics 308 2-V ar Stats 2-V ar Stats 2-V ar Stats 2-V ar Stats 2-V ar Stat s (two-variable statistics) analyzes paired dat a. Xlistname is the independent variable. Ylistname is the dependent variable. Each el ement in fr eqli st is the frequency of occurrence for ea ch data pair ( Xlistname,Ylistname ). 2-V ar Stat s [ Xlistname ,[...]

Chapter 12: St atistics 309 LinReg(ax+b) [ Xlistname , Ylistname , fr eqlist , r egequ ] QuadReg (ax QuadReg (ax QuadReg (ax QuadReg (ax 2 +bx+c) +bx+c) +bx+c) +bx+c) QuadReg (quadratic regression) fit s the second-degree polynomia l y=ax 2 +bx+c to the data. It displays values for a , b , and c ; when DiagnosticOn is s et, it also displays a value[...]

Chapter 12: St atistics 310 QuartReg [ Xlistname , Ylistname , fr eqlist , reg e q u ] LinReg—(a+bx) LinReg—(a+bx) LinReg—(a+bx) LinReg—(a+bx) LinReg(a+bx) (linear regression) fits the model equation y=a+bx to the data using a least- squares fit. It displays values fo r a (y-intercept) and b (slope); when DiagnosticOn is set, it also displa[...]

Chapter 12: S tatistics 31 1 PwrReg (power regression) fits the model equation y=ax b to the data using a least- squares fit and transformed values ln (x) and ln(y). It displays values for a and b ; when Diagnostic On is set, it also displays values for r 2 and r . PwrReg [ Xlistname , Ylistname , fr eqlist , r egequ ] Logistic— Logistic— Logis[...]

Chapter 12: St atistics 312 order . If you specify period , the algorith m may find a solution mor e quickly , or it may find a solution when it would not have fou nd one if you had omitted a value for period . If you specify period , the differ ences be tween time values in Xlistname can be unequal. Note: The output of SinReg is always in radians,[...]

Chapter 12: St atistics 313 With noisy data, you will achieve better co nvergence results when you specify an accurate estimate for period . Y ou can obtain a period guess in either of two ways. • Plot the dat a and trace to determin e the x-dista nce between the beginning and end of one complete period, or cycle. The illus tration abov e and to [...]

Chapter 12: St atistics 314 The linear function is displayed. The Manual-F it Line equation displays in the for m of Y=mX+b. The current value of the first para meter (m) is high lighted in the symbolic expressio n. Modify parameter values Press the cursor navigation keys ( | ~ ) to move from th e first p arameter (m) or (b) the second parameter . [...]

Chapter 12: St atistics 315 Select y 5 to finish the Manual Fi t function. Th e calculator stores th e current mX+b expression into Y1 and makes that function active for graphing. Y ou can also select Manual-Fit while on the Home scree n. Y ou can then enter a different Y- Va r such as Y4 and then press Í . This t akes you to the Graph screen and [...]

Chapter 12: St atistics 316 Q Q Q Q 1 1 1 1 and Q and Q and Q and Q 3 3 3 3 The first quartile ( Q1 ) is th e median o f point s between minX and Med (median). Th e third quartile ( Q3 ) is the median of point s be tween Med and maxX . population standard deviation of y s y XY sum of x … y G xy G minimum of x values minX minX XY maximum of x valu[...]

Chapter 12: St atistics 317 Sta tistical Ana lysis in a Progr am Sta tistical Ana lysis in a Progr am Statistical Ana l ysis in a Progr am Sta tistical Ana lysis in a Progr am Entering Stat Data Entering Stat Data Entering Stat Data Entering Stat Data Y ou can enter statistical data, calculate st atis tical result s, and fit models to dat a from a [...]

Chapter 12: St atistics 318 Sta tistical Plo tting Sta tistical Plo tting Sta tistical Plo tting Sta tistical Plo tting Steps for Plotting Sta tistical Da ta in Lists Steps for Plotting Sta tistical Da ta in Lists Steps for Plotting Sta tistical Da ta in Lists Steps for Plotting Sta tistical Da ta in Lists Y ou can plot statistical data that is sto[...]

Chapter 12: St atistics 319 Scatter Scatter Scatter Scatter Scatter ( " )plots plot the data points from Xlist and Ylist as co ordinate pairs, sho wing each point as a box ( › ), cross ( + ), or dot ( ¦ ). Xlist and Ylist must be the same length. Y ou can use the same list for Xlist and Ylist . xyLine xyLine xyLine xyLine xyLine ( Ó )is a [...]

Chapter 12: St atistics 320 Histogram Histogram Histogr am Histogram Histogram ( Ò ) plots one-vari able data. The Xscl window variable valu e determines th e width of each bar , beginning at Xmin . ZoomSt at adjusts Xmin , Xmax , Ymin , and Ymax to include all values, and also adjusts Xscl . The inequality ( Xmax N Xmin ) à Xscl  47 must be t[...]

Chapter 12: St atistics 321 in the middle. When three are plotted , the first one plots at the top, the seco nd in the middle, and the third at the bottom. Bo xplot Bo xplot Bo xplot Bo xplot Boxplot ( Ö )(regular box plot) plot s one-variabl e da ta. The whiskers on the plot extend from the minimum data point in the set ( minX ) to the firs t qua[...]

Chapter 12: St atistics 322 Nor mPr obPlot Nor mPr obPlot Nor mProbPlot Nor mPr obPlot NormProbPlot ( Ô ) (normal probability plot) plots each observation X in Data List versus the corresponding quantile z of the stan dard normal distribu ti on. If the plotted point s lie close to a straight line, then the plot indicates that the da ta are normal [...]

Chapter 12: St atistics 323 1. Press y , . The ST A T PLOTS menu is displaye d with the cu rrent plot definitions. 2. Select the plot you want to use. The st at plot editor is displayed fo r the plot you selected. 3. Press Í to select On if you want to plot the statistical data immediate ly . The definition is stored whether you select On or Off .[...]

Chapter 12: St atistics 324 5. Enter list names or select optio ns for the plot type. • Xlist (list name contain ing independent dat a) • Ylist (list name contain ing dependent dat a) • Mark ( › or + or ¦ ) • Freq (fre quency list fo r Xlist elements; default is 1 ) • Data List (list name for NormProbPlot ) • Data Axis (axis on which[...]

Chapter 12: St atistics 325 T ur ning On and T ur ning Off St at Plots T ur ning On and T ur ning Off St at Plots T ur ning On and Tur ning Off St at Plots T ur ning On and T ur ning Off St at Plots PlotsOn an d Plot sOff allow you to turn on o r turn of f stat plots from the ho me screen or a program. With no p lot number , Plot sOn turns on all p[...]

Chapter 12: St atistics 326 Defining the V iew ing W indow Defining the V iew ing W indow Defining the V iew ing W indow Defining the V iew ing W indow S tat plot s are displayed on the cu rrent gr aph. T o define the viewing win dow , press p and enter values for the window vari ables. ZoomSt at redefines th e viewing window to display all statist[...]

Chapter 12: St atistics 327 T o define a stat plot from a program , begin on a blank line in the prog ram editor and enter data into one or more lists; then , follow these steps. 1. Press y , to display the ST A T PLOTS menu. 2. Select the plot to defi ne, which pa stes Plot1( , Plot2( , or Plot3( to the cursor lo cation. 3. Press y , ~ to display [...]

Chapter 12: St atistics 328 5. Press ¢ . Enter the list names, separated by commas. 6. Press ¢ y , | to display the ST A T PLOT MARK menu. (This step is no t necessary if you selected 3:Histogram or 5:Boxplot in step 4.) Select the type of mark ( › or + or ¦ ) for ea ch data point. The selected mark symb ol is pasted to the cursor location. 7.[...]

Chapter 12: St atistics 329[...]

Chapter 13: Inferentia l S tatistics and Distributions 330 Chapter 13: Chapter 13: Chapter 13: Chapter 13: Inf e rential Statistics and Distributions Inf e rential Statistics and Distributions Inf e rential Statistics and Distributions Inf e rential Statistics and Distributions Getting Star ted: Mean Height of a P opula tion Getting Star ted: Mean [...]

Chapter 13: Inferentia l S tatistics and Distributions 331 2. Enter [H] [G] [H] [T] at the Name= prompt, a nd then press Í . The list to which you will store the women’s he ight data is cre ated. Press † to move the cursor onto the first r ow of the list. HGHT(1)= is displaye d on the bot tom line. 3. Press 169 Ë 43 to enter the first height [...]

Chapter 13: Inferentia l S tatistics and Distributions 332 Interpret the results. The first line, ( 159.74,173.94 ), shows that the 99 percent confidence interval for the population mean is between ab out 159.74 c entimeters and 173.9 4 centimeters. This is about a 14 .2 centimet ers spread . The .99 confidence level indicates that in a very lar ge[...]

Chapter 13: Inferentia l S tatistics and Distributions 333 of 7.1 calculated from the larger random sample . Th is time, use the Stats (summary statistics) input option. 7. Press … | 8 to display the inferential stat editor for TI nterval . Press ~ Í to select I np t : Sta ts . The editor changes so that you can enter summary statistics as input[...]

Chapter 13: Inferentia l S tatistics and Distributions 334 If the height distribution among a population of women is normally distributed with a mean m of 165. 1 centimete rs and a standard deviation s of 6.35 centimeters, what height is exceeded by only 5 percent of the women (the 95th pe rcen tile)? The result is displayed on the home scree n; it[...]

Chapter 13: Inferentia l S tatistics and Distributions 335 Infe rential Stat Editors Infe rential Stat Editors Inferential Stat Ed itors Infe rential Stat Editors Displaying the Inferential Stat Editor s Displaying the Inferential Stat Editor s Displaying the Inferential Stat Editor s Displaying the Inferential Stat Editor s When you select a hypot[...]

Chapter 13: Inferentia l S tatistics and Distributions 336 according to each test or int erval’s input requ irements. Below is the in ferential stat editor for T- T e s t . Note: When you select the ANOV A( instruction, it is pa sted to the home screen. ANOV A( does not have an edito r screen. Using an Infere n tial Stat Editor Using an Infere n [...]

Chapter 13: Inferentia l S tatistics and Distributions 337 This chapter descr ib es th e sele ctions in the above steps for each hyp othe sis test and confidence interv al instruction. Selecting Data or Stats Selecting Data or Stats Selecting Data or Sta ts Selecting Data or Stats Most inferent ial stat editors pro mpt you to select one of two type[...]

Chapter 13: Inferentia l S tatistics and Distributions 338 When you enter values in any inferential st at editor , the TI-84 Plus stores them in memory so that you can run many test s or intervals without having to reenter every value. Selecting an Alter nativ e Hypothesis ( Selecting an Alter nativ e Hypothesis ( Selecting an Alter nativ e Hypothe[...]

Chapter 13: Inferentia l S tatistics and Distributions 339 Selecting Calculate or Draw for a Hypothesis T est Selecting Calculate or Draw for a Hypothesis T est Selecting Ca lc ulate or Draw for a Hypothesis T est Selecting Calculate or Draw for a Hypothesis T est After you have entere d all ar gument s in an inferential stat edi tor for a hypothes[...]

Chapter 13: Inferentia l S tatistics and Distributions 340 Note: Y ou can p a ste a hypothesis test or conf idence interval inst ruction to a command line in a program. From within the prog ram editor , select the instruction from either the CA T ALOG (Chapter 15) or the ST A T TESTS menu. ST A T TESTS Menu ST A T TESTS Menu ST A T TESTS Menu ST A [...]

Chapter 13: Inferentia l S tatistics and Distributions 341 Note: When a new test or interval is computed, all previou s output variables are invalidated. Inferential Stat Editor s for the ST A T TESTS Instr uctions Inferential Stat Editor s for the ST A T TESTS Instr uctions Inferential Stat Editor s for the ST A T TESTS Instr uctions Inferential S[...]

Chapter 13: Inferentia l S tatistics and Distributions 342 The description then sh ows the uniq ue outp ut screen for that instr uction with the example resu lts. • Descriptions of instructions that of fer the Calculate/Draw output ch oice show bo th types of screens: calcul ated and graphic results. • Descriptions of instructions that of fer o[...]

Chapter 13: Inferentia l S tatistics and Distributions 343 L1={299.4 297.7 301 298.9 300.2 297} Dat a S t at s Input: Calculated results: Drawn results:[...]

Chapter 13: Inferentia l S tatistics and Distributions 344 Note: All ST A T TESTS examples assume a fi xed-decimal mode settin g of 4 (Chapter 1). If you set the decimal mode to Float or a differ ent fixed-decimal setting, you r output may differ from the output in the examples. T- Te s t T- Te s t T- T e s t T- Te s t T-T est (one-sample t test; i[...]

Chapter 13: Inferentia l S tatistics and Distributions 345 2-SampZT est 2-SampZT est 2-SampZT est 2-SampZT est 2-SampZT est (two-sample z test; item 3) tests the equality of the mea ns of two populations ( m 1 an d m 2 ) based on indepe ndent samples when both p opulation stand ard deviations ( s 1 and s 2 ) are kno wn. The null hypo thesis H 0 : m[...]

Chapter 13: Inferentia l S tatistics and Distributions 346 In the exam ple: LIST A={154 109 137 1 15 140} LISTB={108 1 1 5 126 92 146} Dat a S t at s Input: Calculated results:[...]

Chapter 13: Inferentia l S tatistics and Distributions 347 2-SampTT est 2-SampTT est 2-SampTT est 2-SampTT est 2-SampTT est (two-sample t test; item 4 ) test s the equality of the means of two populations ( m 1 and m 2 ) based on ind ependent samples whe n ne ither population standard de viation ( s 1 or s 2 ) is known. The null hypothesis H 0 : m [...]

Chapter 13: Inferentia l S tatistics and Distributions 348 SAMP1={12.207 16.869 25 .05 22.429 8.456 10.589} SAMP2={1 1.074 9.686 12.064 9.351 8.182 6.642} Data S t at s Input: Calculated results:[...]

Chapter 13: Inferentia l S tatistics and Distributions 349 1-PropZT est 1-PropZT est 1-PropZT e st 1-PropZT est 1-PropZT est ( one -pro por tion z test; it em 5 ) comput es a test for an unknow n proportio n of successes (prop). It takes as input t he count of successes in the sample x and the count of observations in the sample n . 1-PropZT est te[...]

Chapter 13: Inferentia l S tatistics and Distributions 350 2-PropZT est 2-PropZT est 2-PropZT e st 2-PropZT est 2-PropZT est (two-proportion z test; item 6 ) computes a test to compare the proportion of successes ( p 1 and p 2 ) from two populations. I t takes as input the count of successes in each sample ( x 1 and x 2 ) and th e count of observat[...]

Chapter 13: Inferentia l S tatistics and Distributions 351 •H a : p 1 >p 2 ( p1:>p2 ) Input: Calculated results: Drawn results:[...]

Chapter 13: Inferentia l S tatistics and Distributions 352 ZInter val ZInter val ZInter val ZInter val ZInterval (o ne-samp le z confidence interval; item 7 ) comp utes a conf idence int erval for an unknown p opulation me an m when the population st andard deviation s is known. The computed confidence interval depend s on the user-specified confid[...]

Chapter 13: Inferentia l S tatistics and Distributions 353 TInter val TInter val TInter val TInter val TInterval (one-sample t confidence interval; item 8 ) computes a confidence interval for an unknown population m ean m when the popula tion standar d deviation s is unknown. The computed confidence interval depend s on the user-specified confidenc[...]

Chapter 13: Inferentia l S tatistics and Distributions 354 2-SampZInt 2-SampZInt 2-SampZInt 2-SampZInt 2-SampZInt (two-sample z confidence interval; item 9 ) computes a confidence interval f o r the diff e rence between two population me an s ( m 1 Nm 2 ) when both population standar d deviations ( s 1 and s 2 ) are known. The computed con fidence [...]

Chapter 13: Inferentia l S tatistics and Distributions 355 2-SampTInt 2-SampTInt 2-SampTInt 2-SampTInt 2-SampTInt (two-sa mple t confidence inte rval; ite m 0 ) computes a conf idence in terval for the diff e rence between two population me an s ( m 1 Nm 2 ) when both popula tio n standar d deviations ( s 1 and s 2 ) are unknown. The computed confi[...]

Chapter 13: Inferentia l S tatistics and Distributions 356 SAMP1={12.207 16.869 25.05 22.429 8.456 10.589 } SAMP2={1 1.074 9.686 12.064 9.351 8.182 6.642} Dat a S t at s Input: Calculated results:[...]

Chapter 13: Inferentia l S tatistics and Distributions 357 1-PropZInt 1-PropZInt 1-PropZInt 1-PropZInt 1-PropZInt (one -proportion z con fidence inte rval; item A ) computes a confidence interval for an unknown propor tion of successes. It take s as input the count of successes in the sample x and the count of observations in the sample n . The com[...]

Chapter 13: Inferentia l S tatistics and Distributions 358 observations in each sample ( n 1 and n 2 ). The computed confidence interval dep ends on the user-spe cifie d co nf ide nc e lev el. c 2 -T est -T est -T est -T est c 2 -T est (chi-squ are test; ite m C ) computes a chi-square test for association on the two- way table of count s in the sp[...]

Chapter 13: Inferentia l S tatistics and Distributions 359 Expected: prompt, enter the matrix variable name to which you want th e computed expected count s to be stored; default= [B] . Matrix editor: Note: Press y ú ~ ~ 1 to select 1:[A] from the MA TRX EDIT menu. Input: Note: Press y ú †] Í to display matrix [B] . Calculated results:[...]

Chapter 13: Inferentia l S tatistics and Distributions 360 c 2 GOF-T est GOF-T est GOF-T est GOF-T est c 2 GOF -T est (Chi Square Go odness of Fit ; item D) perf orms a test to confirm tha t sample data is fr om a population that co nfor ms to a specified distribution. For example, c 2 GOF can confirm that the sample dat a came from a normal distri[...]

Chapter 13: Inferentia l S tatistics and Distributions 361 2-SampFT est 2-SampFT est 2-SampFT est 2-SampFT est 2-Samp Ü T est (two-s ample Ü -t es t; item E ) computes an Ü -test to compare two normal population stan dard deviations ( s 1 and s 2 ). The populatio n means and standa rd deviations are all unknown. 2-Samp Ü Te s t , which uses the[...]

Chapter 13: Inferentia l S tatistics and Distributions 362 In the exam ple: SAMP4={ SAMP5={ 7 L 1 L 4 12 18 L 1 17 L 3 L 3 3 L 5 L 5 1 5 10 2 11 L 11 L 2} L 1 L 3} Dat a S t at s Input: Calculated results:[...]

Chapter 13: Inferentia l S tatistics and Distributions 363 LinRegTT est LinRegTT est LinRegTT est LinRegTT est LinRegTT est (linear regression t test; item F) computes a linear re gression on the given data an d a t test on the va lue of slope b and the corr elation coef ficient r for the equation y = a + b x. It tests the null hypothesis H 0 : b =[...]

Chapter 13: Inferentia l S tatistics and Distributions 364 When LinRegTT est is ex ecuted, the list of residua ls is created and stored to the list n ame RESID automatically . RESID is placed on the LIST NAMES menu. Note: For the regression equation, yo u can us e the fix-decimal mode setting to control the number of digit s stored afte r the decim[...]

Chapter 13: Inferentia l S tatistics and Distributions 365 LinRegTInt LinRegTInt LinR egTInt LinRegTInt LinRegTInt computes a linear r egression T confid ence interval for the slope coef ficient b. If the confidence interval contai ns 0, this is in suf ficient evidence to indicate that the data exhibits a linea r relationship. In the exam ple: list[...]

Chapter 13: Inferentia l S tatistics and Distributions 366 Xlist, Ylist is the list of independent an d dependent vari ables. The list cont aining the Freq (frequency ) values f or the data is store d in List . The default is 1. All elements must be real numbers. Each element in the Freq list is the frequency of occurence for each correspond in g d[...]

Chapter 13: Inferentia l S tatistics and Distributions 367 Note: SS is sum of squares and MS is mean square. Infe rential Statistics Inp u t De scrip tion s Infe rential Statistics Inp u t De scrip tion s Infe rential Statistics Inp u t De scrip tion s Infe rential Statistics Inp u t De scrip tion s The tabl es i n this section describe the in fere[...]

Chapter 13: Inferentia l S tatistics and Distributions 368 List The name of the list containing the data you a re testing. Freq The name of the list containing the frequency values for the data in List . Default=1. All elements must be integers | 0. Calculate / Draw Determines the type of output to ge nerate for tests and intervals. Calculate di sp[...]

Chapter 13: Inferentia l S tatistics and Distributions 369 p 0 The expected sample propo rtion for 1-PropZT est . Must be a real number , such that 0 < p 0 <1 . x The count of successes in the sample for the 1-PropZT est and 1-PropZInt. Must be an integer | 0. n The count of observations in the sa mple for the 1-Pr opZT est and 1-PropZInt . M[...]

Chapter 13: Inferentia l S tatistics and Distributions 370 T est and Inter val Outp ut V ariables T est and Inter val Outp ut V ariables T est and Inter val Outp ut V ariables T est and Inter val Outp ut V ariables The inferential statistics vari ables are calculated as indicated belo w . T o access these variables for use in expressions, press [...]

Chapter 13: Inferentia l S tatistics and Distributions 371 Note: The variables listed above cannot be archived. number of data points for sample 1 and sample 2 n1, n2 n1, n2 TEST pooled standard deviation SxP SxP SxP TEST estimated sample proportion ‚Ç ‚Ç TEST estimated sample proportion for population 1 ‚Ç 1 ‚Ç 1 TEST estimated sample [...]

Chapter 13: Inferentia l S tatistics and Distributions 372 Distribution F unction s Distribution F unction s Distribution F unction s Distribution F unction s DISTR menu DISTR menu DISTR menu DISTR menu T o display the DISTR menu, press y = . DISTR DRAW 1: normalpdf( nn probability density function 2: normalcdf( nn cumulative distribution function [...]

Chapter 13: Inferentia l S tatistics and Distributions 373 Note: L 1 â 99 and 1 â 99 specify inf inity . If you want to view the area left of upperbound , for example, specify lowerbound = L 1 â 99. nor malpdf( nor malpdf( nor malpdf( nor malpdf( normalpdf( computes the probab ility density function ( pd f ) for the normal distribution at a spec[...]

Chapter 13: Inferentia l S tatistics and Distributions 374 normalpdf( x [ , m , s ] ) Note: For plot ting the norm al distribution , you can s et window var iables Xmin and Xmax so that the mean m falls between them, an d th en sele ct 0:Zo omFit from the ZOOM menu. nor malcdf( nor malcdf( nor malcdf( nor malcdf( normalcdf( computes the normal dist[...]

Chapter 13: Inferentia l S tatistics and Distributions 375 invNor m( invNor m( invNor m( invNor m( invNorm( computes the inverse cumulative nor mal d istribution function for a g iven ar ea under the normal distribution cur ve specified by mean m and st andard devi ation s . It calculates the x value associated with an ar e a to the left of the x v[...]

Chapter 13: Inferentia l S tatistics and Distributions 376 tpdf( tpdf( tpdf( tpdf( tp df( computes the probability density function ( pdf ) for the S tudent- t distribution at a specified x value. df ( degrees of freedom) must be > 0. T o plot the S tudent- t distribution, pas te tpdf( to the Y= editor . The pr obability density function ( pd f [...]

Chapter 13: Inferentia l S tatistics and Distributions 377 c 2 pdf( pdf( pdf( pdf( c 2 pdf ( computes the probability density function ( pd f ) for the c 2 (chi-square) distribution at a specifie d x value. df (degrees of freedom) must be an integer > 0. T o plot the c 2 distribution, p aste c 2 pdf ( to the Y= editor . The probability densi ty [...]

Chapter 13: Inferentia l S tatistics and Distributions 378 c 2 cdf( cdf( cdf( cdf( c 2 cdf( computes the c 2 (chi-square) distributi on probability between lowerbound and upperbound for the specified df (degr ee s of freedom), which must be an inte ger > 0. c 2 cdf( lowerbound , upperbou nd , df ) Fpdf( Fpdf( Fpdf( Fpdf( Ü pd f ( computes the p[...]

Chapter 13: Inferentia l S tatistics and Distributions 379 Ü pd f ( x , numerator df , denominator df ) Fcdf( Fcdf( Fcdf( Fcdf( Ü cdf( computes the Ü distribution probability between lowerbound and upperbound for the specified numerator df (degrees of freedom) and denominator df . numerator df and denominator df must be integers > 0. Ü cdf( [...]

Chapter 13: Inferentia l S tatistics and Distributions 380 of integers. 0  p  1 mu st be true. nu mtrials must be an integer > 0. If you do not specify x , a list of probabilities from 0 to numtrials is returned. The probab ility density function ( pd f ) is: where n = numtrials binompdf( numtrials , p [ , x ] ) binomcdf( binomcdf( binomcd[...]

Chapter 13: Inferentia l S tatistics and Distributions 381 poissonpdf( poissonpdf( poissonpdf( poissonpdf( poissonpdf( computes a probability at x for the discrete Poisson distribution with the specified mean m , which must be a real number > 0. x can be an integer or a list of integers. The pr obability density function ( pd f ) is: poissonpdf([...]

Chapter 13: Inferentia l S tatistics and Distributions 382 0  p  1 must be true. x can be an integer or a list of integers. The probability density function (pdf) is: geometpdf( p , x ) geometcdf( geometcdf( geometcdf( geometcdf( geometcdf( computes a cumula tive probability at x , the number of the trial on which the first success occurs, fo[...]

Chapter 13: Inferentia l S tatistics and Distributions 383 T o clear the drawings, select 1:ClrDraw from the DRA W menu (Chapter 8). Note: Before you ex ec ute a DISTR DRA W instruction, you must set the window variables so that the desired distributio n fit s the screen. Note: L 1 â 99 and 1 â 99 specify inf inity . If you want to view the area [...]

Chapter 13: Inferentia l S tatistics and Distributions 384 ShadeNorm( lowerbound , upperbound [ , m , s ] ) Shade_t( Shade_t( Shade_t( Shade_t( Shade_t( draws the density function for the S tudent- t distribution spec ified by df (deg rees of freedom) and shades th e area between lowerbound and upperb ound . Shade_t( lowerbound , upperbound , df ) [...]

Chapter 13: Inferentia l S tatistics and Distributions 385 Shade Shade Shade Shade c 2 ( ( ( ( Shade c 2 ( draws the density fu nc t io n for the c 2 (chi-square) distribution specified by df (degrees of freedom) and shade s the a rea between lowerbound and upperbound . Shade c 2 ( lowerbound , upperbound , df ) ShadeF( ShadeF( ShadeF( ShadeF( Shad[...]

Chapter 13: Inferentia l S tatistics and Distributions 386 Shade Ü ( lowerbound , upperbound , numerator df , denomin ator df ) Note: For this example, Xmin = 0 Xmax = 5 Ymin = L .25 Ymax = .9[...]

Chapter 14: App lications 387 Chapter 14: Chapter 14: Chapter 14: Chapter 14: A pplications A pplications A pplications A pplications T he A ppl ications Menu T he A ppl ications Menu T he A ppl ications Menu T he A ppl ications Menu The TI-84 Plus comes with Finance and EasyDat a App and sever al other applications already listed on the APPLICA TI[...]

Chapter 14: App lications 388 Getting Star ted: Financing a Car Getting Star ted: Financing a Car Getting Star ted: Financing a Car Getting Star ted: Financing a Car Getting S tarted is a fast-paced intro duction. Read the ch apter for det ails. Y ou have found a car yo u would like to bu y . The car costs 9 ,000. Y ou can af ford payment s of 250 [...]

Chapter 14: App lications 389 Getting Star ted: Computing Compound Interest Getting Star ted: Computing Compound Interest Getting Star ted: Computing Compound Interest Getting Star ted: Computing Compound Interest At what annual interest ra te, compounded monthly , will 1,250 ac cumulate to 2,000 in 7 years? 3. Press Í to select 1:TVM Solver from [...]

Chapter 14: App lications 390 Note: Because there are no payme nts when you solve compoun d interest problems, PMT must be set to 0 and P/Y must be set to 1 . 1. Press Œ Í to select 1:Fin ance from the APPLICA TIONS menu. 2. Press Í to select 1:TVM Solver from the CALC V ARS menu. The TVM Solver is displayed. Press 7 to enter the number of perio[...]

Chapter 14: App lications 391 Using the TVM Solver Using the TVM Solver Usin g the TVM Solver Using the TVM Solver Using the TVM Solver Using the TVM Solver Using the TVM Solver Using the TVM Solver The TVM Solver displays the time-val ue-of-mon ey (TVM) var iables. Given four variable values, the TVM Solver solv es for the fifth variable. The FINA[...]

Chapter 14: App lications 392 3. Enter a value for P/Y , which automatically ente rs the same value for C/Y ; if P/Y ƒ C/Y , enter a unique value f or C/Y . 4. Select END or BEGIN to specify the payment method. 5. Place the cursor on the TVM variable for which you want to so lve. 6. Press ƒ . The answer is computed, disp layed in the TVM Solver[...]

Chapter 14: App lications 393 FINANCE CALC Menu FINANCE CALC Menu FINANCE CALC Menu FINANCE CALC Menu T o display the FINANCE CALC me nu, press ÎŒ Í . Use these functions to set up and perfo rm financial calculations on the home screen. CALC VARS 1: TVM Solver ... Displays the TVM Solver . 2: tvm_Pmt Computes the amount of each payment. 3: tvm_ [...]

Chapter 14: App lications 394 TVM Solver TVM Solver TVM Solver TVM Solver TVM Solver displays the TVM Solver . Calculating Time V a lue of Money (TVM ) Calculating Time V a lue of Money (TVM ) Calculating Time V a lue of Money (TVM ) Calculating Time V a lue of Money (TVM ) Calculating Time V alue of Mone y Calculating Time V alue of Mone y Calcula[...]

Chapter 14: App lications 395 tvm_Pmt [ ( òÚ , ¾æ , PV , FV , P/Y , C/Y ) ] Note: In the example above, the values are stored to the TVM variables in the TVM Solver . Then the p ayment ( tvm_Pmt ) is computed on the hom e scre e n us ing the values in the TVM Solver . Next, the interest rate is changed to 9.5 to illustrate the effect on the p a[...]

Chapter 14: App lications 396 tvm_PV [ ( Ú , ¾æ , PMT , FV , P/Y , C/Y ) ] tvm_N tvm_N tvm_N tvm_N tvm_ Ú computes the nu m be r of payment pe rio d s. tvm_ Ú [ ( æ¾ , PV , PMT , FV , P/ Y , C/Y ) ] tvm_FV tvm_FV tvm_FV tvm_FV tvm_FV computes the future value. tvm_FV [ ( Ú , ¾æ , PV , PMT , P/Y , C/Y ) ][...]

Chapter 14: App lications 397 Calculating Cash Flo ws Calculating Cash Flo ws Cal cula ting Cash Flo ws Calculating Cash Flo ws Calculating a Cash Flow Calculating a Cash Flow Calcula ting a Cash Flow Calculating a Cash Flow Use the cash flow functions (menu items 7 and 8 ) to analyze the value of money over equal time periods . Y ou can enter uneq[...]

Chapter 14: App lications 398 npv(, ir r( npv(, ir r( npv(, ir r( npv(, ir r( npv( (net present value) is the sum of the present values for the cash inflows and outflows. A positive result for npv indicates a profitable investmen t. npv( inter est rate , CF0 , CFList [ , CFFr eq ] ) irr( (inter nal rate of return) is th e interest ra te at which th[...]

Chapter 14: App lications 399 Calculating Am or tization Calculating Am or tization Calculating Am or tization Calculating Am or tization Calculating an Amor tization Schedule Calculating an Amor tization Schedule Calculating an Amor tization Schedule Calculating an Amor tization Schedule Use the amortization functions (menu items 9 , 0 , and A ) t[...]

Chapter 14: App lications 400 Note: Y ou must enter va lues for æ , PV , PMT , and befo re comput ing the prin cipal. G Prn( pmt1 , pmt2 [ , r oundvalue ] ) G Int( computes the sum of the interest duri ng a specified period for an amortization schedule using stored values for ¾æ , PV , and PMT . pmt1 is the starting payment. pmt2 is the ending p[...]

Chapter 14: App lications 401 2. Press Î Œ Í Í to display the TVM Solver . 3. Press 360 to enter number of payments. Press † 8 to enter the interest rate. Press † † Ì 800 to enter the payment amount. Press † 0 to enter the future value of the mortgage. Press † 12 to enter the p ayments per year , which also sets the compo unding peri[...]

Chapter 14: App lications 402 Calculating Interest Con v er sion Calculating Interest Con v er sion Calculating Interest Con v er sion Calculating Interest Con v er sion Calculating an Interest Conv ersio n Calculating an Interest Conv ersio n Calculating an Interest Conv ersio n Calculating an Interest Conv ersio n Use the interest conversion func[...]

Chapter 14: App lications 403 4 Nom( computes the nominal interest rate. effective rate a nd compounding periods must be real numbers . compounding periods must be >0. 4 Nom( effectiv e rate , compounding periods ) 4 Eff( Eff( Ef f( Eff( 4 Eff( computes the effective inter est rate. nominal rate and compounding periods must be real numbers . com[...]

Chapter 14: App lications 404 dbd( date1 , date2 ) Y ou can enter date1 and date2 in either of two formats. • MM.DDYY (United S tates) • DDMM.YY (Europe) The decimal placemen t diff erentiates the date fo rmats . Defining the P ayment Method Defining the P ayment Method Defi ning the P ayment Meth od Defining the P ayment Method Pmt_End and Pmt[...]

Chapter 14: App lications 405 Pmt_Bgn Pmt_Bgn Pmt_Bg n Pmt_Bgn Pmt_Bgn (payment beginn ing) specifie s an a nnuity due, where payment s occur at the beginning of each paymen t period. Most leases are in this category . Pmt_Bgn On the TVM Solver ’s PMT :END BEGIN line, select BEGIN to set PMT to annuity due. Using the TVM V ari ab les Using the TV[...]

Chapter 14: App lications 406 N, I%, PV , PMT , FV N, I%, PV , PMT , FV N, I%, PV , PMT , FV N, I%, PV , PMT , FV Ú , æ , PV , PMT , and FV are the five TVM variables. They represent the elemen ts of common financial transactions, as described in th e table above. æ is an annu al interest rate that is converted to a per-p eriod rat e based on th[...]

Chapter 14: App lications 407 Steps for Running the EasyData App Steps for Running the EasyData App Steps for Running the EasyData App Steps for Running the EasyData App Follow these basic step s when using the EasyDat a App. Starting EasyData Quitting EasyData 1. T o quit EasyData, select Quit (pre ss s ) . The Ready to quit? screen is displayed, [...]

Chapter 14: App lications 408 T o change a pre defined setting: 1. From the main scree n in the EasyDat a App, ch oose Setup and select 2: Time Graph . The current settings are displaye d on the calculator . Note : If using a motion detector , settings for 3: Distance Match and 4: Ball Bounce in the Setup menu are preset and cannot b e changed. 2. [...]

Chapter 14: App lications 409 Star ting and Stopping Data Collection Star ting and Stopping Data Collection Star ting and Stopping Data Collection Star ting and Stopping Data Collection Starting Data Collection T o start sampling, select Start (press q ). Sampling will automatically stop when the number of samples set in the Time Graph Settings men[...]

Chapter 14: App lications 410[...]

Chapter 15: CA T ALOG , Strings, Hyperbolic Functions 41 1 Chapter 15: Chapter 15: Chapter 15: Chapter 15: CA T AL OG, Strings, Hyperbolic CA T AL OG, Strings, Hyperbolic CA T AL OG, Strings, Hyperbolic CA T AL OG, Strings, Hyperbolic Functions Functions Functions Functions Br o w sing the TI-84 Pl us CA T ALOG Br o w sing the TI-84 Pl us CA T ALOG[...]

Chapter 15: CA T ALOG , Strings, Hyperbolic Functions 412 The 4 in the first column is the selection cursor . 2. Press † or } to scroll the CA T A LOG until the selection cursor point s to the item yo u want. • T o jump to the first item beginning with a pa rticular le tte r , press that letter; alpha- lock is on. • Items that begin with a nu[...]

Chapter 15: CA T ALOG , Strings, Hyperbolic Functions 413 Entering and Using Strings Entering and Using Strings Entering and Using Strings Entering and Using Strings Wh a t I s a St ri ng ? Wh a t I s a St ri ng ? Wh a t I s a St ri ng ? Wh a t I s a St ri ng ? A string is a sequence of characters that you en close within quot ation marks. On the T[...]

Chapter 15: CA T ALOG , Strings, Hyperbolic Functions 414 3. Press ƒ [ ã ] to indicate the end of the string. ã string ã 4. Press Í . On the home scr een, the strin g is displayed on the next line w ithout quotations. An ellipsis ( ... ) indicates that the string co ntinues beyond the screen. T o scroll the entire string, press ~ and | . Note:[...]

Chapter 15: CA T ALOG , Strings, Hyperbolic Functions 415 2. Press Í to display the STRING secondary menu. Storing a String to a String V ariable Storing a String to a String V ariable Storing a String to a String V aria ble Storing a String to a String V ariable T o store a string to a string varia ble, follow th ese steps. 1. Press ƒ [ ã ] , e[...]

Chapter 15: CA T ALOG , Strings, Hyperbolic Functions 416 5. Press Í to stor e the string to the string variable. On the home screen , the stored string is displayed on the next line without qu ot ation marks. Displaying the Contents of a String V ariable Displaying the Contents of a String V ariable Displaying the Contents of a String V ariable D[...]

Chapter 15: CA T ALOG , Strings, Hyperbolic Functions 417 other CA T ALOG menu items. The ellipses in the table indicate the presence of additional CA T ALOG i tems. Concatena tion Concatena tion Concate nation Concatena tion T o concatenate two or more strings, follow these step s. 1. Enter string1 , which can be a string or string name. 2. Press [...]

Chapter 15: CA T ALOG , Strings, Hyperbolic Functions 418 3. Enter string2 , which can be a string or string name. If necessary , press à a nd enter string3 , and so on. string1 + string2 + string3 ... 4. Press Í to display the strings as a single string. Selecting a String Function fr om the CA T ALOG Selecting a String Function fr om the CA T A[...]

Chapter 15: CA T ALOG , Strings, Hyperbolic Functions 419 expr( expr( expr( expr( expr( converts the character str ing containe d in string to an expr ession and executes it. string can be a string or a string variable. expr( string ) inString( inString( inString( inString( inString( returns the character position in string of the first charact er [...]

Chapter 15: CA T ALOG , Strings, Hyperbolic Functions 420 length( length( length( length( length( returns the number of characters in string . string can be a string or string vari able . Note: An instruction or fun ction name, such a s sin( or cos( , counts as one characte r . length( string ) String String String String 4 Equ( Equ( Equ( Equ( Str [...]

Chapter 15: CA T ALOG , Strings, Hyperbolic Functions 421 sub( sub( sub( sub( sub( returns a string that is a subset of an existing string . st ring can be a string or a string variable. begin is the position number of th e first character of the subset. length is the number of characters in the subs et. sub( string , begin , length ) Entering a Fu[...]

Chapter 15: CA T ALOG , Strings, Hyperbolic Functions 422 Note: When you execute this program, enter a fun ction to store to Y3 at th e ENTR Y= prompt. Hyperbolic Functions in the CA T ALOG Hyperbolic Functions in the CA T ALOG Hyperbolic Functions in the CA T AL OG Hyperbolic Functions in the CA T ALOG Hyperbolic Functions Hyperbolic Functions Hyp[...]

Chapter 15: CA T ALOG , Strings, Hyperbolic Functions 423 sinh(, cosh(, tanh( sinh(, cosh(, tanh( sinh(, cosh(, tanh( sinh(, cosh(, tanh( sinh( , cosh( , and ta n h ( are the hyperbolic functions. Each is valid for real numbers, expressions, and lists. sinh( value ) cosh( value ) ta n h ( value ) sinh sinh sinh sinh -1 (, cosh (, cosh (, cosh (, co[...]

Chapter 15: CA T ALOG , Strings, Hyperbolic Functions 424 sinh -1 ( value ) cosh -1 ( value ) sinh -1 ( value )[...]

Chapter 16: Progra mming 425 Chapter 16: Chapter 16: Chapter 16: Chapter 16: Pr og r ammin g Pr og r ammin g Pr og r a mming Pr og r ammin g Getting Star ted: V olume of a Cyli nder Getting Star ted: V olume of a Cyli nder Getting Star ted: V olume of a Cyli nder Getting Star ted: V olume of a Cyli nder Getting S tarted is a fast-paced intro ductio[...]

Chapter 16: Progra mming 426 3. Press  ~ 2 to select 2:Prompt from the PRGM I/O menu. Prompt is copied to the comma nd line. Press ƒ [R] ¢ ƒ [H] to enter the variable names for radius and height. Press Í . 4. Press y B ƒ [R] ¡ ƒ [H] ¿ ƒ [V] Í to enter the expression p R 2 H and sto re it to the var iable V . 5. Press  ~ 3 to select [...]

Chapter 16: Progra mming 427 Cr ea ting and Deleting Pr og r ams Cr ea ting and Deleting Pr og r ams Cr ea ting and Deleting Pr og r ams Cr ea ting and Deleting Pr og r ams W hat Is a Prog r am? W hat Is a Prog r am? What Is a Prog ram? W hat Is a Prog r am? A program is a set of one or more comma nd lin es. Each line cont ains one or more instruct[...]

Chapter 16: Progra mming 428 2. Press Í to select 1:Create New . The Name= prompt is displayed, and alpha-lock is on. 3. Press a letter from A to Z or q to enter the first character of the new pr ogr am name. Note: A program name can b e one to eigh t char acters long. Th e fir st characte r must be a letter from A to Z or q . The secon d th ro ug[...]

Chapter 16: Progra mming 429 The TI-84 Plus expresses me mory quantities in bytes. Y ou can increase available memory in one of two ways. Y ou can delete one or more programs or you ca n ar ch ive som e prog ra m s. T o increase available memory by deleting a specific program: 1. Press y L and then sele ct 2:Mem Mgmt/Del from the MEMOR Y menu. 2. S[...]

Chapter 16: Progra mming 430 4. Press y L and then sele ct 2:Mem Mgmt/Del from the MEMOR Y menu. 5. Select 2:Mem Mgmt/Del to disp lay the MEM MGMT/DEL m enu. 6. Select 7:Prgm... to display the PRGM me nu. 7. Press Í to archive the program. An asterisk will appear to the lef t of the program to indicate it is an archived progra m. T o unarchive a p[...]

Chapter 16: Progra mming 431 While in the program editor , you can display and se lect from menus. Y ou can return to the progra m editor fr om a menu in either o f two ways. • Select a menu item, which pastes t he item to the current command line. • Press ‘ . When you complete a command line, press Í . The cursor move s to the next command [...]

Chapter 16: Progra mming 432 The TI-84 Plus checks for erro rs during program execution. It does no t check for errors as you ente r a prog ram. Breaking a Pr og ram Breaking a Pr og ram Br eaking a Pr og ram Breaking a Pr og ram T o stop program execution, press É . The ERR:BREAK menu is displayed. • T o return to the home screen, selec t 1:Qu [...]

Chapter 16: Progra mming 433 Note: T o move the cu rsor to the begi nning of a co mmand line, p ress y| ; to move to the end, pr ess y~ . T o scr oll the cursor down seven c ommand lines, press ƒ† . T o scroll the cursor up seven command lines, press ƒ} . Inser ting and Deleting Command Lines Inser ting and Deleting Command Lines Inser ting and[...]

Chapter 16: Progra mming 434 Copying pro grams has at least two convenient applications. • Y ou can create a template for groups of instr uctions that yo u use frequently . • Y ou can rename a program by copying it s content s into a new program. Note: Y ou also can copy all the comma nd lines from one ex isting program to anothe r existing pro[...]

Chapter 16: Progra mming 435 PR G M CTL (Control) Instr uctions PR G M CTL (Control) Instr uctions PRGM CTL (Control) Instr uctions PR G M CTL (Control) Instr uctions PRGM CTL Menu PRGM CTL Menu PR GM CTL Menu PRGM CTL Menu T o display the PR GM CTL (program control) menu, press  from the pr ogram edit or only . CTL I/O EXEC 1: If Creates a cond[...]

Chapter 16: Progra mming 436 These menu items direct the flow of an execut ing p rogram. They make it easy to repea t or skip a group of commands du ring program execution. Wh en you select an item from the menu, the name is pa sted to the cursor location on a co mmand line in the progr am . T o return t o the prog ram editor without selec ting an [...]

Chapter 16: Progra mming 437 If If If If Use If for testing and branching . If condition is false (zero), then the command immediately following If is skipped. If condition is true (nonzero), then the next command is executed. If instructions can be nested. :If condition : command (if true) : command If-T hen If-T hen If-T hen If-T hen Then followi[...]

Chapter 16: Progra mming 438 :End : command If-T hen-Else If-T hen-Else If-T hen-Else If-T hen-Else Else following If-Then executes a group of commands if condition is false (zero). End identifies the end of the group of commands . :If condition :Then : command (if true) : command (if true) :Else : command (if false) : command (if false) :End : com[...]

Chapter 16: Progra mming 439 Fo r ( Fo r ( Fo r ( Fo r ( For( loops and increment s. It increments variable from begin to end by increment . incr ement is optional (default is 1) and ca n be negative ( end < begin ). end is a maximum or minimum value not to be exceeded. End identifies the end of the loop . For( loops can be nested. :For( variabl[...]

Chapter 16: Progra mming 440 W hile W hile W hile W hile While performs a group of commands while condition is true. condition is frequently a relationa l test (Cha pter 2). condition is tested when While is enco untered. If condition is true (nonzero), the progr am executes a group of commands . End signifies the end of th e group. When condition [...]

Chapter 16: Progra mming 441 : command (until condition is true) :End : c ommand End End End End End identifies the end of a group of commands . Y ou must include an End instruction at the end of each For( , While , or Repeat loop. Also , you must p aste an End instruction at the end of each If-Then group and each If-Then-Else group. Pau s e Pau s [...]

Chapter 16: Progra mming 442 Pause [ value ] Lbl, Goto Lbl, Goto Lbl, Goto Lbl, Goto Lbl (label) and Goto (go to) a re used together for branchi ng. Lbl specifies the label for a command. label can be one or two char acters (A through Z, 0 through 99, or q ). Lbl label Goto causes the program to branch to label when Goto is encountered. Program Out[...]

Chapter 16: Progra mming 443 Goto label IS>( IS>( IS>( IS>( IS>( (increment and skip) adds 1 to variable. If the answ er is > value (which can be an expressio n), the nex t command is skipped; if the answer is { value , the next command is executed . variable cannot be a system variable. :IS>( variable , value ) : command (if a[...]

Chapter 16: Progra mming 444 DS<( DS<( DS<( DS<( DS<( (decrement and skip) su btracts 1 from variable . If the an swer is < value (which can be an expression), the next command is skipped; if the answer is | value , the ne xt command is executed . variable cannot be a system variable. :DS<( variable , value ) : command (if answ[...]

Chapter 16: Progra mming 445 Menu(" title "," text1 ", label1 ," text2 ", label2 , . . . ) The program above pauses un til you select 1 or 2 . If you select 2 , for example, the menu disappears a nd the program continu es execution at Lbl B . prg m prg m pr gm prg m Use prgm to execute other programs a s subroutines. W[...]

Chapter 16: Progra mming 446 Stop Stop Stop Stop Sto p stops execution of a prog ram and returns to the home scr een. Sto p is o ptional at the end of a progr am . DelV ar DelV ar DelV ar DelV ar DelV ar del etes from m emory the contents of variable . DelV ar variable Gra phStyle( Gra phStyle( Gra phStyle( Gra phStyle( GraphStyle( designates the s[...]

Chapter 16: Progra mming 447 Not all graph styles are available in all grap hing modes. For a det ailed description of each graph style, see the Gr aph S tyles table in Chapter 3. PR GM I/O (Input/Outp ut) Instr uctions PR GM I/O (Input/Outp ut) Instr uctions PRG M I/O (In put/O utput) Instructions PR GM I/O (Input/Outp ut) Instr uctions PRGM I/O M[...]

Chapter 16: Progra mming 448 These instruc tions cont rol input to an d out put from a program during execution. They allow you to enter values and display answers during pr ogram execution. T o return t o the prog ram editor without selec ting an item , press ‘ . Displaying a Gra ph with Inp ut Displaying a Gra ph with Inp ut Displaying a Gr aph[...]

Chapter 16: Progra mming 449 Storing a V ariable V alue with Input Storing a V ariable V alue with Input Sto ring a V ariable V alue with Input Storing a V ariable V alue with Input Input with variable displays a ? (question mark ) prompt du ring execut ion. variable may be a real number , complex number , list, matrix, st ring, or Y= function. Dur[...]

Chapter 16: Progra mming 450 Prompt Prompt Pr ompt Prompt During program execution, Prompt displays each variable , one at a time, followed by =? . At each prompt, enter a value or expression for each varia ble , and then pr ess Í . The values are stored, and the pr ogram resumes execution. Prompt variableA [ , variableB , ... , variable n ] Note:[...]

Chapter 16: Progra mming 451 • If value is a variable, the current value is displayed. • If val ue is an expression, it is evaluated and th e resu lt is displayed on the right side of the next line. • If value is text within quotation marks, it is displayed on the left side of the current display line. ! is not valid as text. If Pause is enco[...]

Chapter 16: Progra mming 452 Output( Output( Output( Output( Output( displays text or value on the cur rent home screen be ginning at row (1 through 8) and column (1 through 16), overwriting any exis tin g ch ar ac ter s. Note: Y ou may want to precede Output( with ClrHome . Expressions are evaluated and values are displayed according to the curren[...]

Chapter 16: Progra mming 453 getK ey getK ey getK ey getK ey getKey returns a number corresponding to the last key pressed, a ccording to the key code diagram below . If no key has been press ed , getKe y returns 0. Use getKey inside loops to tran sfe r control, for example, when creating video games. Note: Y ou can pr ess É at any time during exe[...]

Chapter 16: Progra mming 454 TI-84 Plus K ey Code Diag r am TI-84 Plus K ey Code Diag r am TI-84 Plus K ey Code Dia g r am TI-84 Plus K ey Code Diag r am ClrHome, ClrT able ClrHome, ClrT able ClrHome, ClrT able ClrHome, ClrT able ClrHome (clear home screen) clears the ho me screen during program executio n. ClrT able (clear t able) clears the value[...]

Chapter 16: Progra mming 455 By default, the TI-84 Plus uses the USB port if it is connected. If the USB cable is not connected, it uses the I/O port. If you want to specify either the USB or I/O port, use the following port flag numbers: portflag =0 use USB port if connected; portflag =1 use USB port; portflag =2 use I/O port Note: GetCalc( does n[...]

Chapter 16: Progra mming 456 Send( variable ) Note: Y ou can access Get( , Send( , and GetCalc( from the CA T ALOG to execute them from the home screen (Chapter 15). Calling Other Pr og r ams as Subroutines Calling Other Pr og r ams as Subroutines Calling Other Pr og r ams as Subroutines Calling Other Pr og r ams as Subroutines Calling a Prog r am [...]

Chapter 16: Progra mming 457 command in the first progra m when it encounters either Return or the implied Return at the end of the second program. Subroutine ( ' Notes about Ca llin g Pr og r a ms Notes about Ca llin g Pr og r a ms Notes a bout Calling Pr og r a ms Notes about Ca llin g Pr og r a ms V ariables ar e global. label used with Got[...]

Chapter 16: Progra mming 458 R unning an A ssem bly Langua ge Pr og r am R unning an A ssem bly Langua ge Pr og r am R unning an A ssem bly Langua ge Pr og r am R unning an A ssem bly Langua ge Pr og r am Y ou can run programs written for the TI-8 4 Plus in assembly language. T ypically , assembly language programs run mu ch faster and provide grea[...]

Chapter 16: Progra mming 459 1. Follow the step s for writing a progr am (1 6-4) but b e sure to include AsmPrgm as the first line of your program. 2. From the home scr ee n, pre ss y N and then select AsmComp( to paste it to the screen. 3. Press  to display the PRGM EXEC menu. 4. Select the program you w ant to compile. It will be pasted to the[...]

Chapter 17: Activities 460 Chapter 17: Chapter 17: Cha pter 17: Chapter 17: Activities Activities Activi ties Activities T he Quadr atic F or mula T he Quadr atic F or mula T he Quadr atic F or mula T he Quadr atic F or mula Entering a Calculation Entering a Calculation Entering a Calcula tion Entering a Calculation Use the quadratic formula to sol[...]

Chapter 17: Activities 461 Conv er ting to a F raction Conv er ting to a F raction Conv er ting to a Fraction Conv er ting to a F raction Y ou can show the solution as a fraction. 5. Press £ Ì ƒ [B] Ã y C ƒ [B] ¡ ¹ 4 ƒ [A] ƒ [C] ¤ ¤ ¥ £ 2 ƒ [A] ¤ to enter th e express ion for one of the solutions for the quadratic formula, 6. Press ?[...]

Chapter 17: Activities 462 T o save keyst rokes, you can re call the last exp ression you entered, an d then edit it for a new calculation. 2. Press 1 to select 1: 4 Frac from the MA TH menu. When you press 1 , Ans 4 Frac is displayed on the home screen. Ans is a variable that contains th e last calcul ated an swer . 3. Press Í to convert the resu[...]

Chapter 17: Activities 463 Displaying Complex R esult s Displaying Complex R esult s Displaying Comple x R esults Displaying Complex R esult s Now solve the equation 2x 2 N x + 3 = 0. When you s et a+b i complex number mode, the TI-84 Plus displays complex results. 5. Press } to move the cursor onto the + sign in the formu la. Press ¹ to edit the [...]

Chapter 17: Activities 464 2. Press y 5 (above z ) to return to the home scree n, and the n pr es s ‘ to clear it. 3. Press 2 ¿ ƒ [A] ƒ [:] Ì 1 ¿ ƒ [B] ƒ [:] 3 ¿ ƒ [C] Í . The coef ficie nt of the x 2 term, the coefficient of th e X term, and the constant for th e new equation are stored to A, B, and C, respectively . 4. Press y [ to re[...]

Chapter 17: Activities 465 Note: An alternative for solving equations for re al num bers is to use the built-in Equation Solver . 6. Press y [ repeatedly until this quadratic-formu la expression is displayed: 7. Press Í to find the other solution for the quadrati c equation: 2x 2 N x+3=0 . b – b 2 4 ac – + 2 a ---------------------------------[...]

Chapter 17: Activities 466 Bo x with Lid Bo x with Lid Bo x with Lid Bo x with Lid Defini ng a Fun ction Defini ng a Fun ction Defini ng a Fun ction Defini ng a Fun ction T ake a 20 cm × 25 cm. sheet of paper and cut X × X squares from two corners. Cut X × 12 ½ cm rectangles fro m the othe r two corners as shown in the diagram below . F old the[...]

Chapter 17: Activities 467 Defini ng a T able of V alue s Defini ng a T able of V alue s Defini ng a T able of V alue s Defini ng a T able of V alue s The tab l e feature of the TI-84 Plus disp la ys numeric informatio n ab ou t a fun ct ion. Y ou can use a t able of values fr om the fun ction you just de fined to estimate an answer to the problem.[...]

Chapter 17: Activities 468 Zooming In on the T able Zooming In on the T able Zooming In on the T able Zooming In on the T able Y ou can adjust the way a t able is d isplayed to get m ore information abou t a defined function. With smaller values for @ Tbl , you ca n zo om in on the table. 5. Press and h old † to scroll the table until a negative [...]

Chapter 17: Activities 469 2. Press y 0 . 3. Press † and } to scroll the table. Notice that the maximum value for Y1 is 410.26 , which occurs at X=3.7 . Therefore, the maximum oc cu rs wh er e 3.6 <X<3.8 . 4. Press y - . Press 3 Ë 6 Í to set TblS t art . Press Ë 01 Í to set @ Tbl . 5. Press y 0 , and then press † and } to scroll the t[...]

Chapter 17: Activities 470 Setting the V iewing W indow Setting the V iewing W indow Setting the V iewing W indow Setting the V iewing W indow Y ou also can use the graphing f eatures of the TI-8 4 Pl us to find the maximum value of a previously defined functio n. When the graph is activated, the vie wing window defines the displayed po rtion of th[...]

Chapter 17: Activities 471 The stand ar d window variables define the viewing window as shown. Xmin , Xmax , Ymin , and Ymax define the boundaries of the display . Xscl and Yscl define the distance between tick marks on the X and Y ax es . Xres controls resolution. 2. Press 0 Í to define Xmin . 3. Press 20 ¥ 2 to define Xmax usin g an expressio n[...]

Chapter 17: Activities 472 Displaying and T racing the Gra ph Displaying and T racing the Gra ph Displaying and T r acing the Gr a ph Displaying and T racing the Gra ph Now that you have defined the function to be grap hed and th e win dow in whi ch to gra ph it, you can display and exp l or e th e gr ap h . Y ou can trace along a func tion using t[...]

Chapter 17: Activities 473 4. Press r . The trace cursor is displayed on the Y1 funct ion . The function that you are tracing is displayed in the top - le ft corner . 5. Press | and ~ to trace along Y1 , one X dot at a time, evalua tin g Y1 at each X . Y ou also can enter your estimate for the maximum value of X . 6. Press 3 Ë 8 . When you press a[...]

Chapter 17: Activities 474 Zooming In on the Gr aph Zooming In on the Gr aph Zooming In on the Gra ph Zooming In on the Gr aph T o help iden tify maximums, minimums, r oots, and intersect ions of funct ions, you ca n magnify the viewing window at a specific location using the ZOOM instructions. 1. Press q to display the ZOOM me nu. This menu is a t[...]

Chapter 17: Activities 475 Finding the Calculated Maximum Finding the Calculated Maximum Finding the Calculated Maximum Finding the Calculated Maximum Y ou can use a CALCULA TE menu operation to calculate a local maximum of a function. 4. Press p to display the ne w window settings. 1. Press y / ( above r ) to display the CALCULA TE menu. Press 4 t[...]

Chapter 17: Activities 476 3. Press ~ to trace along the curve to a point to the right of the maximum, and then press Í . A 3 at the top of the screen indicates the selected bound. A Guess? prompt is displayed. 4. Press | to trac e to a po int nea r th e maximum, and then press Í . Or , press 3 Ë 8 , and then press Í to enter a guess for the ma[...]

Chapter 17: Activities 477 Comparing T est R esults Using Bo x Plots Comparing T est R esults Using Bo x Plots Comparing T est R esults Using Bo x Plots Comparing T est R esults Using Bo x Plots Prob lem Prob lem Prob lem Prob lem An experiment found a significant difference be tween boys a nd girls pertaining to their ability to identify objects h[...]

Chapter 17: Activities 478 Procedur e Procedur e Procedur e Procedur e 1. Press … 5 to select 5:SetUpEditor . Enter list names WLEFT , WRGHT , MLE FT , and MRGHT , separated by commas. Press Í . The stat list editor now cont ains only these four lists. 2. Press … 1 to select 1:Edit . 3. Enter into WLEFT the number of correct guesses ea ch woma[...]

Chapter 17: Activities 479 7. Press p . Set Xscl=1 and Yscl=0 . Press q 9 to select 9:ZoomSt at . This adjusts the vie wing window and displays the box plot s for the women’ s result s. 8. Press r . Use | and ~ to examine minX , Q1 , Med , Q3 , and maxX for each plot. Notice the outlier to the women’ s r ight- hand d at a. What is the median fo[...]

Chapter 17: Activities 480 1 1. Compare th e right-hand results. Define plot 1 t o use WRGHT , define plot 2 to use MRGHT , and then pre ss r to examine minX , Q1 , Med , Q3 , and maxX for each plot. Who were the better right-h and guesser s? In the original experiment boys did not guess as well with right hand s, while girls guessed equa lly well [...]

Chapter 17: Activities 481 Gra phing Piecewise Functions Gra phing Piecewise Functions Gr aphing Piecewise Functions Gra phing Piecewise Functions Prob lem Prob lem Prob lem Prob lem The fine for speeding on a road with a speed limit of 45 kilometers per hour (kph) is 50; plus 5 for each kph fro m 46 to 55 kph; plus 10 for each kp h from 56 to 65 k[...]

Chapter 17: Activities 482 3. Press p and set Xmin= L 2 , Xscl=10 , Ymin= L 5 , and Yscl=10 . Ignore Xmax and Ymax ; they are set by @ X and @ Y in step 4. 4. Press y 5 to return to the home screen. S tore 1 to @ X , and then store 5 to @ Y . @ X and @ Y are on the V ARS Window X/Y secondary menu. @ X and @ Y specify the horizont al and vertical di[...]

Chapter 17: Activities 483 Gra phing Inequaliti es Gra phing Inequaliti es Gra phing Inequalities Gra phing Inequaliti es Prob lem Prob lem Prob lem Prob lem Graph the inequality 0.4x 3 N 3x + 5 < 0.2x + 4. Use th e TEST menu operations to explo re the values of X where the inequality is true and where it is false. Procedur e Procedur e Procedur[...]

Chapter 17: Activities 484 6. Press o . T urn off Y4 , Y5 , and Y6 . Enter equations to graph only the inequality . 7. Press r . Notice that the values of Y7 and Y8 are zero where the inequality is false.[...]

Chapter 17: Activities 485 Solving a System of Nonlinear Equations Solving a System of Nonlinear Equations Solving a System of Nonlinear Equations Solving a System of Nonlinear Equations Prob lem Prob lem Prob lem Prob lem Using a graph, solve the equation x 3 N 2x=2cos( x). S tated another wa y , solve the system of two eq uations and two unkno wn[...]

Chapter 17: Activities 486 4. Press q 2 to select 2:Zo om In . Use | , ~ , } , and † to move the free-moving cursor onto the app arent intersection of the functions on the right side of the display . As you move the cursor , notice that the X and Y values have one decimal place. 5. Press Í to zoom in. Move the cursor over the intersection. As yo[...]

Chapter 17: Activities 487 Using a Pr og r am t o Cr eate the Sier pinski T ria ngl e Using a Pr og r am t o Cr eate the Sier pinski T ria ngl e Using a Pr og r am t o Cr eate the Sier pinski T ria ngl e Using a Pr og r am t o Cr eate the Sier pinski T ria ngl e Setting up the Pro gr am Setting up the Pro gr am Setting up the Progr am Setting up th[...]

Chapter 17: Activities 488 After you execute the prog ram above, you can recall a nd display the pictu re with the instruction RecallPic 6 . :If 1 à 3 <N and N  2 à 3 :Then :.5(.5+X) ! X :.5(1+Y) ! Y :End If/Then group. :If 2 à 3< N :Then :.5(1+X) ! X :.5Y ! Y :End If/Then group. :Pt-On(X,Y) :End :StorePic 6 Draw point. End of For group[...]

Chapter 17: Activities 489 Gra phing Cobwe b Attractor s Gra phing Cobwe b Attractor s Gr aphing Cobweb Attractor s Gra phing Cobwe b Attractor s Prob lem Prob lem Prob lem Prob lem Using Web format, you can identify points wit h attracting and repelling behavior in sequence graphing. Procedur e Procedur e Procedur e Procedur e 1. Press z . Select [...]

Chapter 17: Activities 490 6. Change K to 3.44 and trace the graph to show a cobweb with two attractors. 7. Change K to 3.54 and trace the graph to show a cobweb with four attractors.[...]

Chapter 17: Activities 491 Using a Pr og r am to Gu ess the Coef ficients Using a Pr og r am to Gu ess the Coef ficients Using a Pr og r am to Gu ess the Coef ficients Using a Pr og r am to Gu ess the Coef ficients Setting Up t he Pr og r a m Setting Up t he Pr og r a m Setting Up the Pr og ra m Setting Up t he Pr og r a m This program gr aphs the [...]

Chapter 17: Activities 492 : L 2 p ! Xmin :2 p ! Xmax : pà 2 ! Xscl : L 10 ! Ymin :10 ! Ymax :1 ! Yscl Set viewing window . :DispGraph :Pause Display graph. :FnOn 2 :Lbl Z :Prompt C,D Prompt for guess. :DispGraph :Pause Display graph. :If C=A :Text(1,1,"C IS OK") :If C ƒ A :Text(1,1,"C IS WRONG") :If D=B :Text(1,50,"D IS [...]

Chapter 17: Activities 493 :If C=A and D=B :Stop :Goto Z Quit if guesses ar e correct.[...]

Chapter 17: Activities 494 Gra phing the Unit Cir c le and T rigonometric Cur v es Gra phing the Unit Cir c le and T rigonometric Cur v es Gra phing the Unit Cir c le and T rigonometric Cur v es Gra phing the Unit Cir c le and T rigonometric Cur v es Prob lem Prob lem Prob lem Prob lem Using parametr ic graphing mode, graph the uni t circle and the[...]

Chapter 17: Activities 495 5. Press r . As the graph is plotting, you may pr ess Í to pause and Í again to resume graphing as you watch the sine function “unwrap ” from the unit circle. Note: Y o u can generalize the unwrapping. Replace sin(T) in Y2T with any other trig function to unwrap that fu nction.[...]

Chapter 17: Activities 496 Finding t he Ar ea between Cur ves Finding t he Ar ea between Cur ves Finding t he Ar ea between Cur ves Finding t he Ar ea between Cur ves Prob lem Prob lem Prob lem Prob lem Find the area of the region bo unded by: Procedur e Procedur e Procedur e Procedur e 1. Press z . Select the default mode settings. 2. Press p . Se[...]

Chapter 17: Activities 497 5. Press y 5 to go to the home screen. Press y< 7 and use Shade( to see the area graphica lly . Shade(Y2,Y1,Ans,75) 6. Press y 5 to return to the home screen. Enter the expression to evaluate the integral for the sha ded region. fnInt(Y1 N Y2,X,Ans,75) The area is 325.839962 .[...]

Chapter 17: Activities 498 Using Parametric Equations: F er ris W heel Pr oblem Using Parametric Equations: F er ris W heel Pr oblem Using Parametric Equations: F er ris W heel Pr oblem Using Parametric Equations: F er ris W heel Pr oblem Prob lem Prob lem Prob lem Prob lem Using two pairs of pa rametric equations, determine when two object s in mo[...]

Chapter 17: Activities 499 Procedur e Procedur e Procedur e Procedur e 1. Press z . Select Pa r , Simul , and the default settings. Simul (simu ltane ous) mode simulates the two objects in motion over time. 2. Press p . Set the viewing window . 3. Press o . T urn off all functions and stat plots. Enter the expressions to define the path of the fe r[...]

Chapter 17: Activities 500 5. Press p . Change the viewing window to concentrate on this portion of the graph. 6. Press r . After the graph is plotte d, press ~ to move near the point on the ferris wheel where the paths cr oss. Notice the values of X , Y , and T . 7. Press † to move to the path of the ball. Notice the values of X and Y ( T is unc[...]

Chapter 17: Activities 501 Y ou can use r to, in effect, take sn apshot s in time and explore the relative behavior o f two objects in motio n.[...]

Chapter 17: Activities 502 Demonstrating the Fundamental Theor em of Demonstrating the Fundamental Theor em of Demonstrating the Fundamental Theor em of Demonstrating the Fundamental Theor em of Calculus Calculus Calculus Calculus Prob lem 1 Prob lem 1 Pr oblem 1 Prob lem 1 Using the functions fnInt( and nDeriv( from the MA TH menu to graph functio[...]

Chapter 17: Activities 503 4. Press r . Press | , } , ~ , and † to compare the values of Y1 and Y2 . 5. Press o . Turn of f Y1 and Y2 , and then enter the numerica l der ivative of the integr al of 1 à X and the function 1 à X. Set the graph style for Y3 to ç (line) and Y4 to è (thick). 6. Press r . Again, use the cursor keys to compare the v[...]

Chapter 17: Activities 504 Prob lem 2 Prob lem 2 Pr oblem 2 Prob lem 2 Explore the funct ion s de fin ed by ,, a n d Procedur e 2 Procedur e 2 Pr oc edur e 2 Procedur e 2 1. Press o . Turn of f all functions and stat plot s. Use a list to define these three functions simultaneous ly . S tore the function in Y5 . 2. Press q 6 to select 6:ZStandard .[...]

Chapter 17: Activities 505 5. Press r . Notice that alth ough the three graphs defined by Y5 are different, they share the same derivative.[...]

Chapter 17: Activities 506 Computing Areas of Re gular N-Sided P olygons Computing Areas of Re gular N-Sided P olygons Computing Areas of R e gular N-Sided P olygons Computing Areas of Re gular N-Sided P olygons Prob lem Prob lem Prob lem Prob lem Use the equation solver to store a formula fo r the ar ea of a regular N-sided polygo n, and then solv[...]

Chapter 17: Activities 507 3. Enter N=4 and B=6 to find th e ar ea ( A ) of a squar e with a dist ance ( B ) fr om ce nter to vertex of 6 centimeters. 4. Press } } to move the cursor onto A , and then press ă . The solutio n for A is displayed on the intera ctive solv er editor . 5. Now solve for B for a given area with va rious number of side[...]

Chapter 17: Activities 508 Now graph the equation to see visually how the area changes as the number of sides gets large. 8. Press z . Select the default mode settings. 9. Press p . Set the viewing window . 10. Press o . T urn off all functions and st at plo t s. En ter the equ ation fo r the area. Use X in place of N . Set th e graph styles as sho[...]

Chapter 17: Activities 509 asymptot e to Y1 . The area of an N-sid ed regular polygo n, with r as the di stance fr om the center to a vertex, approaches the a rea of a circle with radius r ( p r 2 ) as N gets large.[...]

Chapter 17: Activities 510 Computing and Gra phing Mor tga ge Payments Computing and Gra phing Mor tga ge Payments Computing and Gra phing Mor tga ge Payments Computing and Gra phing Mor tga ge Payments Prob lem Prob lem Prob lem Prob lem Y ou are a loan officer at a mor tgage comp an y , an d you recently closed on a 30-year home mortga g e at 8 p[...]

Chapter 17: Activities 51 1 Now compar e the graph of the amount of interest with the graph of the amount of principal for each payment. 4. Press z . Set Par and Simul . 5. Press o . Turn of f all functions and stat plot s. Enter these equations and set the graph styles as shown. Note: G Prn( and G Int( are located on the FINANCE menu ( APPS 1:FINA[...]

Chapter 17: Activities 512 The graph show s th at for th e 24 0t h paymen t ( X=240 ), 358.03 of the 800 payment is applied to principal ( Y=358.03 ). Note: The sum of the payment s ( Y3T=Y1 T+Y2T ) is alwa ys 800 . 8. Press † to move the cursor onto the function for interest de fined by X2T and Y2T . Enter 240 . The graph show s th at for th e 2[...]

Chapter 17: Activities 513 At which monthly payment will the principal a llocation surp ass the interest allocation?[...]

Chapter 18: Memory and V ariable Management 514 Chapter 18: Chapter 18: Cha pter 18: Chapter 18: Memor y and V aria ble Mana gement Memor y and V aria ble Mana gement Memor y and V aria ble Mana gement Memor y and V aria ble Mana gement Chec king A vaila ble Memor y Chec king A vaila ble Memor y Chec king A vaila ble Memor y Chec king A vaila ble M[...]

Chapter 18: Memory and V ariable Management 515 Available RAM, Archiv e, and App Slots Available RAM, Archiv e, and App Slots A vailable RAM, Archive, and App Slots Available RAM, Archiv e, and App Slots The TI-84 Plus / TI-84 Plus S ilver Edition has Archive, RAM, and Application ( App) slot memory for you to use an d manage. The av aila ble RAM s[...]

Chapter 18: Memory and V ariable Management 516 Displaying the MEMOR Y MANA GEMENT/DELETE Menu Displaying the MEMOR Y MANA GEMENT/DELETE Menu Displaying the MEMOR Y MANA GEMENT/DELETE Menu Displaying the MEMOR Y MANA GEMENT/DELETE Menu Mem Mgmt/Del displays the MEMORY MANAGEMENT /DELETE menu. Th e two lines at the top report the total amoun t of av[...]

Chapter 18: Memory and V ariable Management 517 1. Press y L to display the MEMOR Y menu. 2. Select 2:Mem Mgmt/Del to display the MEMOR Y MANAGEMENT/DELETE menu. Th e TI-84 Plus expresses memory quantities in bytes. 3. Select variable types from the list to display memo ry usage. Notes: Real , List , Y-V ars , and Prgm variable types neve r re set [...]

Chapter 18: Memory and V ariable Management 518 T o leave the MEMOR Y MANAGEMENT/DELETE menu, press either y5 or ‘ . Both options display the home screen.[...]

Chapter 18: Memory and V ariable Management 519 Deleting Items from Memor y Deleting Items from Memor y Deleting Items from Memor y Deleting Items from Memor y Deleting an Item Deleting an Item Deleting an Item Deleting an Item T o increase available memory by deleting the content s of any variable (real or complex number , list, matrix, Y= variabl[...]

Chapter 18: Memory and V ariable Management 520 4. Press } and † to move the selection cursor ( 4 ) next to the item you want to delete, and then press { . The variable is delete d from me mor y . Y ou can delete individ ual variables one by one from this screen. No warning will be given to verify the deletion. Note: If you are deleting programs [...]

Chapter 18: Memory and V ariable Management 521 Clearing Entries and List Elements Clearing Entries and List Elements Clearing Entries and List Elements Clearing Entries and List Elements Clear Entries Clear Entries Clear Entries Clear Entries Clear Entries clears th e conten ts of the ENTR Y (last entry on home screen) storage ar ea. T o clear the[...]

Chapter 18: Memory and V ariable Management 522 3. Press Í to set the dimension of each list in memory to 0 . T o cancel ClrAllLists , press ‘ . ClrAllLists does no t delete list names from memory , from the LIST NAME S menu, or from the stat list editor . Note: If you select 4:ClrAl lList s from within a progra m, the ClrAllL ist s instruction [...]

Chapter 18: Memory and V ariable Management 523 Archiving and UnAr chiving V ariables Archiving and UnAr chiving V ariables Archiving and UnAr chiving V ariables Archiving and UnAr chiving V ariables Archiving and UnArchiving V ariables Archiving and UnArchiving V ariables Archiving and UnAr chiving V ariables Archiving and UnArchiving V ariables A[...]

Chapter 18: Memory and V ariable Management 524 Functions Y1 , Y2 , . . . , Y9 , Y0 no not applicable Parametric equations X1 T and Y1 T , ... , X6T and Y6T no not applicable Polar functions r1 , r2 , r3 , r4 , r5 , r6 no not applicable Sequence functions u , v , w no not applicable S tat plots Plot1, Plot2, Plot3 no not applicable Graph databases [...]

Chapter 18: Memory and V ariable Management 525 Archiving and unarch iving can be done in two ways: •U s e t h e 5:Archive or 6:UnArchive commands from the MEMOR Y menu or CA T ALOG . • Use a Memory Management editor scre en. Before archiving or unarch iving variables, p art icularly those with a large byte size (such as large pr ograms) use th[...]

Chapter 18: Memory and V ariable Management 526 T o archive or unarchive a list variable (L1) u sing the Archive/UnAr chive options from the MEMOR Y menu: 1. Press y L to display the MEMOR Y menu. 2. Select 5:Archive or 6:UnAr chive to place the command in the Home screen. 3. Press y d to place the L1 variable in the Home screen. 4. Press Í to com[...]

Chapter 18: Memory and V ariable Management 527 2. Select 2:Mem Mgmt/Del to disp lay the MEMOR Y MANAGEMENT/DELETE menu. 3. Select 4:List to display the LIST menu. 4. Press Í to archive L1 . An asterisk will appear to the left of L1 to indicate it is an archived variable. T o unarchive a variable in this screen, put the cursor next to the archived[...]

Chapter 18: Memory and V ariable Management 528 5. Press y 5 to leave the LI ST menu. Note: Y ou can access an arch ived variable fo r the purpose of lin king, deleting, or unarchiving it, but you cannot edit it.[...]

Chapter 18: Memory and V ariable Management 529 R esetting the TI-84 Plus R esetting the TI-84 Plus R esetting the TI-84 Plus R esetting the TI-84 Plus RAM ARCHIV E ALL Menu RAM ARCHIV E ALL Menu RAM ARCHIVE ALL Menu RAM ARCHIV E ALL Menu Reset displays the RAM ARCHIVE ALL menu. Th is menu gives you the option of re setting all memory (including de[...]

Chapter 18: Memory and V ariable Management 530 Displaying the RAM AR CHIVE ALL Menu Displaying the RAM AR CHIVE ALL Menu Displaying the RAM AR CHIVE ALL Menu Displaying the RAM AR CHIVE ALL Menu T o display the RAM AR CHIVE ALL menu on the TI-84 Plus, follow these steps. 1. Press y L to display the MEMOR Y menu. 2. Select 7:Reset to display the RA[...]

Chapter 18: Memory and V ariable Management 531 1. From the RAM ARCHIVE ALL menu, select 1: All RAM to display the RESET RAM menu or 2:Defaults to di splay the RESET DEF AUL TS menu . 2. If you are resetting RAM, read the messag e below the RE SET RAM menu. • T o cancel the reset and return to the HOME screen, press Í . • T o erase RAM memory [...]

Chapter 18: Memory and V ariable Management 532 2. Select one of th e fo llowing: 1:V ars to display the RESET ARC V ARS menu. 2:Apps to display the RESET ARC APPS menu. 3:Both to display th e RESET ARC BOTH menu. 3. Read the messag e below the menu. • T o cancel the reset and return to the HOME screen, press Í .[...]

Chapter 18: Memory and V ariable Management 533 • T o continue with the reset, select 2:Reset . A message indicating the type of archive memory cleared will be displayed on the HOME screen. R esetting All Memor y R esetting All Memor y Resetting All Memor y R esetting All Memor y When resett ing all memory on the TI -84 Plus, RA M and user data a[...]

Chapter 18: Memory and V ariable Management 534 • T o continue with the reset, select 2:Reset . The mess age MEM cleared is displayed on the HOME screen. When you clear memory , the contrast some times changes. If the screen is faded or blank, adjust the contrast by pressing y } or † .[...]

Chapter 18: Memory and V ariable Management 535 Gr ouping and Ung r ouping V a ria bles Gr ouping and Ung r ouping V a ria bles Gr ouping and Ung r ouping V a ria bles Gr ouping and Ung r ouping V a ria bles Grouping Variables Grouping Variables Grouping Variables Grouping Variables Grouping allows you to make a copy of two or more varia bles resid[...]

Chapter 18: Memory and V ariable Management 536 4. Enter a name for the new group and pr ess Í . Note: A group name can be one to eight cha racters long. The first character mu st be a letter from A to Z or q . The second through eighth char acters can be letters, numbers, or q . 5. Select the type of dat a you wa nt to group. Y ou can se lect 1:A[...]

Chapter 18: Memory and V ariable Management 537 6. Press } and † to move the selection cursor ( 4 ) next to the first item you want to copy into a group, and then press Í . A small square will remain to the left of all variables selected for grouping . Repeat the selection process until all variab les for the new group are se lected and then pre[...]

Chapter 18: Memory and V ariable Management 538 Note: Y ou can on ly group variables in RAM. Y ou cannot group some system variables, such as the last-answer variable Ans and the statistical variable RegEQ . Ungr ouping V ariables Ungr ouping V ariables Ung r ouping Variables Ungr ouping V ariables Ungrouping allows you to make a copy of variab les[...]

Chapter 18: Memory and V ariable Management 539 • When you select 2:Overwr ite , the unit ove rwrites the data of th e duplicate variable name found in RAM. Ungrouping resumes. • When you select 3: Overwrite All , the unit overwrites the dat a of all duplicate variable names found in RAM. Ungrouping re su mes. • When you select 4:Omit , th e [...]

Chapter 18: Memory and V ariable Management 540 4. Press } and † to move the selection cursor ( 4 ) next to the group variable you wa nt to ungroup, and then press Í . The ungroup action is completed . Note: Ungrouping does not remove the group from user data ar chive. Y ou must delete the group in user data arc hive to rem ove it.[...]

Chapter 18: Memory and V ariable Management 541 Garbag e Collecti on Garbag e Collecti on Garbage Col lection Garbag e Collecti on Garbage Co llection Messa ge Garbage Co llection Messa ge Garbage Co llection Messa ge Garbage Co llection Messa ge If you use the user data archive extensively , you may see a Garbage Collec t? message. This occurs if [...]

Chapter 18: Memory and V ariable Management 542 Note: The process message Defragmenting... is displayed whenever an application marked for deletion is encou ntered. Garbage collection may take up to 20 minutes, depending on how much of arch ive memo ry has been used to store varia bles. After garba ge colle ction, depend ing on how much addition al[...]

Chapter 18: Memory and V ariable Management 543 Each variable that you ar chive is stored in the first empty block large enoug h to hold it. This process con tin ue s to th e en d of the last sector . Depending on the size of individual variables, the empty blocks may account for a significant amount of space . Garbage collection occurs when the va[...]

Chapter 18: Memory and V ariable Management 544 When you unarchive a va riable, the Archive free amount increases immediately , but the space is not actually available until af ter the next garbage collection . If the Archive free amount shows enough available space for your variable, there probably will be enough space to archive it af ter garbage[...]

Chapter 18: Memory and V ariable Management 545 1. From the HOME screen, press y N to display the CA T ALOG . 2. Press † or } to scroll the CA T ALOG until the selection cursor points to the Garbag eCollec t command or press G to skip to the commands st arting with the letter G. 3. Press Í to paste the command to the HOME screen. 4. Press Í to [...]

Chapter 18: Memory and V ariable Management 546 ERR:AR CHIVE FULL Message ERR:AR CHIVE FULL Message ERR:ARCHIVE FULL Message ERR:AR CHIVE FULL Message An ERR:ARCHIVE FULL message m ay be disp lay ed : • When there is insuf ficient sp ace to archive a variable within a co ntinuous block and within a single sector . • When there is insuf ficient [...]

Chapter 19: Co mmunication Link 547 Chapter 19: Chapter 19: Cha pter 19: Chapter 19: Communica tion Link Communica tion Link Communication Link Communica tion Link Getting Star ted: Sending V ariables Getting Star ted: Sending V ariables Getting Star ted: Sending V ariables Getting Star ted: Sending V ariables Getting S tarted is a fast-paced intro[...]

Chapter 19: Co mmunication Link 548 5. On the sending unit, pr ess 5 to select 5:Matrix . The MA TRIX editor screen is displayed. 6. On the sending unit, pr ess Í to archive [A]. An asterisk ( ä ) will appear , signifying that [A] is now archived. 7. Connect the graph ing calculators with the USB unit-to-unit cable. Push both ends in firmly . 8. [...]

Chapter 19: Co mmunication Link 549 13. On the sending unit, press ~ to display the TRANSMIT menu. 14. On the sending unit, press 1 to select 1:T rans mit and begin transmission. The receiving unit di splays the message Receiving. .. .When the items are transmitted, both units display the name and type of each transmitted variable.[...]

Chapter 19: Co mmunication Link 550 TI-84 Plus LINK TI-84 Plus LINK TI-84 Plus LINK TI-84 Plus LINK This chapter descr ib es ho w to co mm u nic at e with compatible TI units. The TI-84 Plus has a USB port to conne ct and communi cate with anothe r TI-84 Plus or TI-84 Plus Silver Edition. A USB unit-to-unit cable is included with the TI-84 Plus. Th[...]

Chapter 19: Co mmunication Link 551 I/O Unit-to-Unit Cable TI-84 Plus to a TI-83 Plus using I/O Unit-to-Unit Cable Linking to the CBL/CBR System Linking to the CBL/CBR System Linking to the CBL/CBR System Linking to the CBL/CBR System The CBL 2™ and th e CBR™ are optional accessories tha t also connect to a TI-84 Plus with the I/O unit-to-unit [...]

Chapter 19: Co mmunication Link 552 Linking to a Computer Linking to a Computer Linking to a Computer Linking to a Computer With TI Connect™ soft ware and the USB comput er cable that is included with your TI-84 Plus, you can link the graphing calculator to a personal computer .[...]

Chapter 19: Co mmunication Link 553 Selecting Items to Send Selecting Items to Send Sel ecting Items to Send Selecting Items to Send LINK SEND Menu LINK SEND Menu LINK SEND Menu LINK SEND Menu T o display the LINK SEND menu, press y 8 . SEND RECEIVE 1: All+ ... Displays all items as se lected, including RAM and Flash applications. 2: All N ... Disp[...]

Chapter 19: Co mmunication Link 554 When you select an item on the LINK SEND menu, the corresponding SELECT screen is displayed. Note: Each SELECT screen, except All+… , is initially displayed with nothing pr e-selected. All+… is displayed with everythi ng pre-selected. T o select items to send: 1. Press y 8 on the sending unit to display the L[...]

Chapter 19: Co mmunication Link 555 Note: An asterisk ( ä ) to the left of an item indicates the item is archived. 5. Repeat steps 3 and 4 to select or deselect additional items. Sending the Selected It ems Sending the Selected It ems Sending the Selected Items Sending the Selected It ems After you have selected items to send on the sending unit a[...]

Chapter 19: Co mmunication Link 556 3. Press Í to select 1:T ransmit . The name and type of each item are displayed line-by-line on the sending unit as the ite m is queued for transmission, and then on the receiving unit as each item is accepted. Note: Items sent from the RAM of the se ndi ng unit are tra nsmitted to the RAM of the receiving unit.[...]

Chapter 19: Co mmunication Link 557 • V ariables and ap plications stored in the user dat a archive of the sending TI-84 Plus Silver Edition will be sent to the user data archive of the receiving TI-84 Plus Silver Edition or TI-84 Plus. After sending or receiving da ta, you can re peat the same transmission to additional TI-84 Plus Silver Edition[...]

Chapter 19: Co mmunication Link 558 12. Press Í on the receiving unit. 13. Press Í on the sending unit. A copy of the selected ite m(s) is sent to the receiving unit. 14. Repeat steps 7 through 13 until the items are sent to all additional unit s. Sending to a TI-83 Plus or TI-83 Plus Silver Edition Sending to a TI-83 Plus or TI-83 Plus Silver Ed[...]

Chapter 19: Co mmunication Link 559 R eceiving Items R eceiving Items R eceiving Item s R eceiving Items LINK RECEIVE Menu LINK RECEIVE Menu LINK RECEIVE Men u LINK RECEIVE Menu T o display the LINK RECEIVE menu, press y 8 ~ . R eceiving Unit R eceiving Unit R eceivin g Unit R eceiving Unit When you select 1:Receiv e from the LINK RECEIVE menu on t[...]

Chapter 19: Co mmunication Link 560 DuplicateName Menu DuplicateName Menu DuplicateName Menu DuplicateName Menu During transmission, if a var iable name is duplica ted, the Duplicat eName menu is displayed on the re ceiving unit. When you select 1:Rename , the Name= prompt is di splayed, and alpha-lock is on. Enter a new variable name, and then pre[...]

Chapter 19: Co mmunication Link 561 Y ou cannot send memory backups be tween the TI-84 Plus product fa mily and the TI-83 Plus product family . R eceiving fro m a TI-83 Plus Silver Edition or TI-83 Plus R eceiving fro m a TI-83 Plus Silver Edition or TI-83 Plus R eceiving from a TI-83 Plus Silver Edition or TI-83 Plus R eceiving fro m a TI-83 Plus [...]

Chapter 19: Co mmunication Link 562 Backing Up RAM Mem or y Backing Up RAM Mem or y Backing Up RAM Memor y Backing Up RAM Mem or y Wa r n i n g : H:Back Up overwrites the RAM me mory and mode settings in the receiving unit. All information in the RAM memory of the receiving unit is lost. Note: Archived items on the receiving unit are not overwritte[...]

Chapter 19: Co mmunication Link 563 6. Press Í on the receiving unit to continue the ba ckup. — or — Press 2:Quit on the receiving unit to cancel the backup and retu rn to the LINK SEND menu Note: If a transmission error is ret urned during a backup, the receiv ing unit is reset. Memor y Backup Complete Memor y Backup Complete Memor y Backup C[...]

Chapter 19: Co mmunication Link 564 Er r or Co n d itio n s Er r or Co n d itio n s Er r or Co n d itio n s Er r or Co n d itio n s A transmission error occurs af ter one or two seconds if: • A cable is not attached to th e sending unit. • A cable is not attache d to th e receiving unit. Note: If the cable is at tached, push it in firmly and tr[...]

Chapter 19: Co mmunication Link 565 • Y ou try to use GetCalc( with a TI-83 instead of a TI-8 4 Plus or TI-84 Plus Silver Edition. Insufficient Memor y in Receiving Unit Insufficient Memor y in Receiving Unit Insufficient M emor y in Receiving Unit Insufficient Memor y in Receiving Unit • During transmission , if the receiving unit do es no t h[...]

Appendix A: Functions and In struction s 566 A ppendix A: A ppendix A: A ppendix A: A ppendix A: Functions and Instr uctions Functions and Instr uctions Functions and Instr ucti ons Functions and Instr uctions Functions return a value, list, or matrix. Y ou can use functions in an expression. Instructions initiate an action. Some functi ons and ins[...]

Appendix A: Functions and In struction s 567 valueA and valueB Returns 1 if both valueA and valueB are ƒ 0 . val ueA and valueB can be real numbers, expressions, or lists. y : LOGIC 1:and angle( value ) Returns the polar angle of a complex number or list of complex numbers.  CPX 4:angle( ANOV A( list1 , list2 [ , list3 , ... , list20 ] ) Perfor[...]

Appendix A: Functions and In struction s 568 augment( matrixA , matrixB ) R eturns a matrix, which is matrixB appended to matrixA as new columns. y > MA TH 7:augment( augment( listA , listB ) Returns a list, wh ich is listB concatenated to the end of listA . y 9 OPS 9:augment( AxesOff T u rns of f the graph axes. † y . AxesOff AxesOn T urns on[...]

Appendix A: Functions and In struction s 569 binompdf( numtrials , p [ , x ] ) Comput es a probab ility at x for the discre te binomial distribution with the specified numtrials and probability p of success on each trial. y = DISTR A:binompdf( c 2 cdf( lowerbound , upperbound , df ) Comput es the c 2 distribution probability between lowerbound and [...]

Appendix A: Functions and In struction s 570 checkTmr( starttime ) Returns the number of seconds since you used startTmr to start the timer . The starttime is the value displayed by st artTmr . y N checkTmr( Circle( X , Y , radius ) Draws a circle with center ( X , Y ) and radius . y < DRA W 9:Circle( Clear Entries Clears the contents of the Las[...]

Appendix A: Functions and In struction s 571 ClrList listname1 [ , listname2 , ..., listname n ] Sets to 0 the dimension of one or more listnames . … EDIT 4:ClrList ClrT able Clears all values from the table. †  I/O 9:ClrT able conj( value ) Returns the complex conjugate of a complex number or list of complex numbers.  CPX 1:conj( Connect[...]

Appendix A: Functions and In struction s 572 cosh L 1 ( value ) Returns hyperbolic arccosine of a real number , expression, or list. y N cosh L 1 ( CubicReg [ Xlistname , Ylistname , fr eqlist , r egequ ] Fits a cubic regression model to Xlistname and Ylistname with frequency fr eqlist , and store s the regression equation to r egequ . … CALC 6:C[...]

Appendix A: Functions and In struction s 573 dbd( date1 , date2 ) Calculates the number of days between date1 and date2 using the actual-day- count method. Œ 1:Finance CALC D:dbd( value 4 Dec Displays a real or complex number , expression, list, or matrix in decimal format.  MA TH 2: 4 Dec Degree Sets degree angle mode. † z Degree DelV ar var[...]

Appendix A: Functions and In struction s 574 Diagnostic On Sets diagnostics-on mode; r , r 2 , and R 2 are displayed as regression model results. y N DiagnosticOn dim( listname ) Returns the dimension of listname . y 9 OPS 3:dim( dim( matrixname ) Returns the dimension of matrixname as a list. y > MA TH 3:dim( length ! dim( listname ) Assigns a [...]

Appendix A: Functions and In struction s 575 DispT able Displays the table. †  I/O 5:DispT able value 4 DMS Displays value in DMS format. y ; ANGLE 4: 4 DMS Dot Sets dot plotting mode; resets all Y= editor graph- style settings to í . † z Dot DrawF expr ession Draws expression (in terms of X ) on the graph. y < DRA W 6:DrawF DrawInv expr[...]

Appendix A: Functions and In struction s 576 Exponent: list â exponent Returns list elements times 10 to the exponent . y D Exponent: matrix â exponent Returns matrix element s times 10 to the exponent . y D 4 Eff( nominal rate , compounding periods ) Computes the effective interest rate. Œ 1:Finance CALC C: 4 Eff( Else See If:Then:Else End Iden[...]

Appendix A: Functions and In struction s 577 ExprOff T urns off the expression display during TRACE . † y . ExprOff ExprOn T urns on the expression display during TRACE . † y . ExprOn Ü cdf( lowerbound , upperbound , numerator df , denominator df ) Computes the Û distribution probability between lowerbound and upperbound for the specified num[...]

Appendix A: Functions and In struction s 578 fMax( expr ession , variable , lower , upper [ , tolerance ] ) Returns the value of variable where the local maximum of expr ession occurs, between lower and upper , with spe cified tolerance .  MA TH 7:fMax( fMin( expr ession , variable , lower , upper [ , tolerance ] ) Returns the value of variable [...]

Appendix A: Functions and In struction s 579 :For( variable , begin , end [ , incr ement ] ) : commands :End : commands Executes commands through End , incrementing variable from begin by incr ement until variable > end . †  CTL 4:For( fPart( value ) Returns the fractional part or parts of a real or complex number , expression, list, or mat[...]

Appendix A: Functions and In struction s 580 GarbageCol lect Displays the garbage collection menu to allow cleanup of unused archive memory . y N GarbageCollect gcd( valueA,valueB ) Returns the greatest common divisor of valueA and valueB , which can be real numbers or lists.  NUM 9:gcd( geometcdf( p , x ) Computes a cumulative probability at x [...]

Appendix A: Functions and In struction s 581 GetCalc( variable [ ,portflag ] ) Get s contents of variable on another TI-84 Plu s and stores it to variable on the rec e iv i n g TI-84 Plus. By default, the TI- 84 Plus uses the USB port if it is connected. If the USB cable is not connected, it uses the I/O port. portflag =0 use USB port if connected;[...]

Appendix A: Functions and In struction s 582 getDtStr( integer ) Returns a string of the current date in the format specified by integer , where: 1 = M/D/Y 2 = D/M/Y 3 = Y/M/D y N getDtStr( getKey Returns the key code for the current keystroke, or 0 , if no key is pres sed. †  I/O 7:getKey getTime Returns a list giving the time according to th[...]

Appendix A: Functions and In struction s 583 Goto label T ransfers control to label . †  CTL 0:Goto GraphStyle( function# , graphstyle# ) Sets a graphstyle for function# . †  CTL H:GraphStyle( GridOff Turns of f grid format. † y . GridOff GridOn Turns on grid format. † y . GridOn G-T Sets graph-table vertical split-screen mode. † z [...]

Appendix A: Functions and In struction s 584 :If condition :Then : commands :End : commands Executes commands from Then to End if condition =1 (true). †  CTL 2:Then :If condition :Then : commands :Else : commands :End : commands Executes commands from Then to Else if condition = 1 (true); from Else to End if condition = 0 (false). †  CTL [...]

Appendix A: Functions and In struction s 585 Input [ variable ] Input [ " text ", variable ] Prompt s for valu e to store to variable . †  I/O 1:Input Input [ Str n , variable ] Displays Str n and stores entered value to variable . †  I/O 1:Input inString( string , substring [ , start ] ) Returns the character position in string[...]

Appendix A: Functions and In struction s 586 invT( area,df ) C omputes th e inverse cumulative student-t probability function specified by degree o f freedom, df for a given area under the curve. y = DISTR 4:invT( iPart( value ) Returns the integer part of a real or complex number , expression, list, or matrix.  NUM 3:iPart( irr( CF0 , CFList [ [...]

Appendix A: Functions and In struction s 587 LabelOn Turns on axes labels. † y . LabelOn Lbl label Creates a label of one or two characters. †  CTL 9:Lbl lcm( valueA,valueB ) Returns the least common multiple of valueA and valueB , which can be real numbers or lists.  NUM 8:lcm( length( string ) Returns the number of characters in string [...]

Appendix A: Functions and In struction s 588 LinReg(ax+b) [ Xlistname , Ylistname , fr eqlist , r egequ ] Fits a linear regression model to Xlistname and Ylistname with frequency fr eqlist , and store s the regression equation to r egequ . … CALC 4:LinReg(ax+b) LinRegTT est [ Xlistname , Ylistname , fr eqlist , alternative , r egequ ] Performs a [...]

Appendix A: Functions and In struction s 589 LnReg [ Xlistname , Ylistname , fr eqlist , r egequ ] Fits a logarithmic regression model to Xlistname and Ylistname with frequency fr eqlist , and stores the regressio n equation to r egequ . … CALC 9:LnReg log( value ) Returns logarithm of a real or complex number , expression, or list. « Logistic [[...]

Appendix A: Functions and In struction s 590 max( valueA , valueB ) Returns the larger of valueA and valueB .  NUM 7:max( max( list ) Returns largest real or complex element in li st . y 9 MA TH 2:max( max( listA , listB ) Returns a real or complex list of the larger of each p air of elements i n listA and listB . y 9 MA TH 2:max( max( value,lis[...]

Appendix A: Functions and In struction s 591 Menu(" title "," text1 ", label1 [ , ... ," text7 ", label7 ] ) Generates a menu o f up to seven items during program executi on. †  CTL C:Menu( min( valueA , valueB ) Returns smaller of valueA and valueB .  NUM 6:min( min( list ) Returns smallest real or complex ele[...]

Appendix A: Functions and In struction s 592 list nCr value Returns a list of the combinations of each elemen t in list taken value at a time.  PRB 3:nCr listA nCr listB Returns a list of the combinations of each element i n listA t aken each elemen t in listB at a time.  PRB 3:nCr nDeriv( expression , variable , value [ , H ] ) Returns appro[...]

Appendix A: Functions and In struction s 593 normalpdf( x [ , m , s ] ) Computes the probability density function for the normal distribution at a specified x value for the specified m and s . y = DISTR 1:normalpdf( not( value ) Returns 0 if value is ƒ 0. value can be a real number , expression, or list. y : LOGIC 4:not( valueA nPr valueB Returns [...]

Appendix A: Functions and In struction s 594 valueA or valueB Returns 1 if valueA or valueB is ƒ 0. valu eA and valueB can be real numbers, expressions, or lists. y : LOGIC 2:or Output( ro w , column , " text ") Displays text beginnin g at specified ro w and column . †  I/O 6:Output( Output( ro w , column , value ) Displays value be[...]

Appendix A: Functions and In struction s 595 Plot # ( type , Xlistname , fr eqlist ) Defines Plot # ( 1 , 2 , or 3 ) of type Histogram or Boxplot for Xlistname with frequency fr eqlist . † y , ST A T PLOTS 1:Plot1- 2:Plot2- 3:Plot3- Plot # ( type , Xlistname , fr eqlist , mark ) Defines Plot # ( 1 , 2 , or 3 ) of type ModBoxplot for Xlistname wit[...]

Appendix A: Functions and In struction s 596 Pmt_End S pecifies an ordinary annuity , where payments occur at the end of e ach payment period. Π1:Finance CALC E:Pmt_End poissoncdf ( m , x ) Computes a cumulative probability at x for the discrete Poisson distribution with specified mean m . y = DISTR D:poissoncdf( poissonpdf( m , x ) Computes a pr[...]

Appendix A: Functions and In struction s 597 G Prn( pmt1 , pmt2 [ , r oundvalue ] ) Comp utes the su m, rounded to r oundvalue , of the principal amount between pmt1 and pmt2 for an amortization schedule. Π1:Finance CALC 0: G Prn( prod( list [ , start , end ] ) Returns product of list element s be tween start and end . y 9 MA TH 6:prod( Prompt va[...]

Appendix A: Functions and In struction s 598 2-PropZT est( x1 , n1 , x2 , n2 [ , alternative , drawflag ] ) Computes a two-proportion z test. alternativ e = L 1 is <; alternative = 0 is ƒ ; alternative = 1 is >. drawflag = 1 draws results; drawflag = 0 calculates results. † … TESTS 6:2-PropZT est( Pt-Change( x , y ) Reverses a point at ([...]

Appendix A: Functions and In struction s 599 Pxl-Off( ro w , column ) Erases pixel at ( ro w , column ); 0  ro w  62 and 0  column  94. y < POINTS 5:Pxl-Off( Pxl-On( row , column ) Draws pixel at ( ro w , column ); 0  ro w  62 and 0  column  94. y < POINTS 4:Pxl-On( pxl-T est( ro w , column ) Returns 1 if pixel ( ro w [...]

Appendix A: Functions and In struction s 600 QuartReg [ Xlistname , Ylistname , fr eqlist , r egequ ] Fits a quartic regression model to Xlistname and Ylistname with frequency fr eqlist , and store s the regression equation to r egequ . … CALC 7:QuartReg Radian Sets radian angle mode. † z Radian rand [ ( numtrials ) ] Returns a random number be[...]

Appendix A: Functions and In struction s 601 randNorm( m , s [ , numtria ls ] ) Generates and displays a random real number from a specified Normal distribution specified by m and s for a specified number of trials numtrial s .  PRB 6:randNorm( r e ^ q i Sets the mode to polar complex number mode ( r e ^ q i ). † z r e ^ q i Real Sets mode to [...]

Appendix A: Functions and In struction s 602 RectGC Sets rectangular graphing coordinates format. † y . RectGC ref( matrix ) Returns the row-echelon form of a matrix . y > MA TH A:ref( :Repeat condition : commands :End : commands Executes commands until condition is true. †  CTL 6:Repeat Return Returns to the calling program. †  CTL [...]

Appendix A: Functions and In struction s 603 rowSwap( matrix , ro w A , ro w B ) Returns a matrix with ro w A of matrix swapped with ro w B . y > MA TH C:rowSwap( rref( matrix ) Returns the reduced row- echelon form of a matrix . y > MA TH B:rref( R 4 Pr( x , y ) Returns R , given rectangular coordinates x and y or a l ist of rectangular coor[...]

Appendix A: Functions and In struction s 604 2-Samp Ü T est Sx1 , n1 , Sx2 , n2 [ , alternative , drawflag ] (Summary stat s input) Performs a two-sample Û test. alternative = L 1 is < ; alternative = 0 is ƒ ; alternative = 1 is > . drawflag = 1 draws results; drawflag = 0 calculates results. † … TESTS E:2-Samp Ü Te s t 2-SampTInt [ l[...]

Appendix A: Functions and In struction s 605 2-SampTT est v 1 , Sx1 , n1 , v2 , Sx2 , n2 [ , alternative , pooled , drawflag ] (Summary stat s input) Computes a two-sample t test. alternative = L 1 is < ; alternative = 0 is ƒ ; alternative = 1 is > . pooled = 1 pools variances; pooled = 0 does not pool variances. drawflag = 1 draws results; [...]

Appendix A: Functions and In struction s 606 2-SampZT est( s 1 , s 2 , v 1 , n1 , v 2 , n2 [ , alternative , drawflag ] ) (Summary stat s input) Computes a two-sample z test. alternative = L 1 is < ; alternative = 0 is ƒ ; alternative = 1 is > . drawflag = 1 draws results; drawflag = 0 calculates results. † … TESTS 3:2-SampZT est( Sci Se[...]

Appendix A: Functions and In struction s 607 Sequential Sets mode to graph functions sequentially . † z Sequential setDate( year ,month,day ) Sets the date using a year , month, day format. The year must be 4 digits; month and day can be 1 or 2 digit. y N setDate( setDtFmt( integer ) Sets the date format. 1 = M/D/Y 2 = D/M/Y 3 = Y/M/D y N setDtFm[...]

Appendix A: Functions and In struction s 608 SetUpEditor listname1 [ , listname2 , ... , listname20 ] Removes all list names from the stat list editor , th en sets it up to display one or more listnames in the specified order , starting with column 1 . … EDIT 5:SetUpEditor Shade( lowerfunc , upperfunc [ , Xleft , Xright , pattern , patr es ] ) Dr[...]

Appendix A: Functions and In struction s 609 ShadeNorm( lowerbound , upperbound [ , m , s ] ) Draws the normal density function specified by m and s and shades the area between lowerbound and upperbound . y = DRA W 1:ShadeNorm( Shade_t( lowerbound , upperbound , df ) Draws the density function for the S tudent-t distribution specified by degrees of[...]

Appendix A: Functions and In struction s 610 SinReg [ iterations , Xlistname , Ylistname , period , r egequ ] Attempts iterations times to fit a sinusoidal regression model to Xlistname and Ylistname using a period guess, and stores the regression equation to r egequ . … CALC C:SinReg solve( expression , variable , guess , { lower , upper }) Solv[...]

Appendix A: Functions and In struction s 61 1 SortD( keylistname , dependl ist1 [ , dependlist2 , ..., dependlist n ] ) Sorts elements of keylistname in descending order , then sorts each dependlist as a dependent list. y 9 OPS 2:SortD( startTmr S t arts the clock timer . Store or note the displayed value, and use it as the argument for checkTmr( )[...]

Appendix A: Functions and In struction s 612 sub( string , begin , length ) Returns a string that is a subset of another string , from begin to length . y N sub( sum( list [ , start , end ] ) Returns the sum of elemen ts of list from start to end . y 9 MA TH 5:sum( ta n ( value ) Returns the tangent of a real number , expression, or list. š ta n L[...]

Appendix A: Functions and In struction s 613 Te x t ( ro w , column , text1 , text2 , ... , text n ) Write s text on graph beginning at pixel ( ro w , column ), where 0  ro w  57 and 0  column  94. y < DRA W 0:T ext( Then See If:Then Tim e Sets sequence graphs to plot with respect to time. † y . Tim e timeCnv( seconds ) Converts se[...]

Appendix A: Functions and In struction s 614 tp df( x , df ) Computes the probability density function (pdf) for the S t udent- t distribution at a specified x value with specified degrees of freedom df . y = DISTR 5:tp df( Tr a c e Displays the graph and enters TRACE mode. r T- Te s t m 0 [ , listname , fr eqlist , alternative , drawflag ] (Data l[...]

Appendix A: Functions and In struction s 615 tvm_ æ [ ( Ú , PV , PMT , FV , P/Y , C/Y ) ] Computes the annual interest rate. Œ 1:Finance CALC 3:tvm_ æ tvm_ Ú [ ( æ , PV , PMT , FV , P/Y , C/Y ) ] Computes the nu mb er of payment periods. Œ 1:Finance CALC 5:tvm_ Ú tvm_Pmt [ ( Ú , æ , PV , FV , P/Y , C/Y ) ] Computes the amount of each p ay[...]

Appendix A: Functions and In struction s 616 1-V ar Stats [ Xlistname , fr eqlist ] Performs one-variable analysis on the data in Xlistname with frequency fr eqlist . … CALC 1:1-V ar Stat s 2-V ar Stats [ Xlistname , Ylistname , fr eqlist ] Performs two-variable analysis on the data in Xlistname and Ylistname with frequency fr eqlist . … CALC 2[...]

Appendix A: Functions and In struction s 617 valueA xor valueB Returns 1 if only valueA or valueB = 0. valueA and valueB can be real numbers, expressions, or lists. y : LOGIC 3:xor ZBox Displays a graph, lets you draw a box that defines a new viewing windo w , and updates the window . † q ZOOM 1:ZBox ZDecimal Adjusts the viewing windo w so that @[...]

Appendix A: Functions and In struction s 618 Zoom In Magnifies the part of the graph that surrounds the cursor location. † q ZOOM 2:Zoom In Zoom Out Displ ays a greater portion of the graph, centered on the cursor location. † q ZOOM 3:Zoom Out ZoomFit Recalc ulates Ymin and Ymax to include the minimum and maximum Y values, between Xmin a nd Xma[...]

Appendix A: Functions and In struction s 619 ZPrevious Replots the graph usin g the window variables of the graph that was displayed before you executed th e last ZOOM instruction. † q MEMOR Y 1:ZPrevious ZSquare Adjusts the X or Y window settings so that each pixel represents an equal width and height in the coordinate system, and updates the vi[...]

Appendix A: Functions and In struction s 620 Z-T est( m 0 , s , v , n [ , alternative , drawflag ] ) (Summary stat s input) Performs a z test. alternative = L 1 is < ; alternative = 0 is ƒ ; alternative = 1 is > . drawflag = 1 draws results; drawflag = 0 calculates results. † … TESTS 1:Z-T est( ZT rig Rep lots the functions immediately ,[...]

Appendix A: Functions and In struction s 621 T ranspose: matrix T Returns a matrix in which each element (row , column) is swapped with the corresponding element (column, row) of matrix . y > MA TH 2: T x th ro o t x ‡ value Returns x th root of value .  MA TH 5: x ‡ x th ro o t x ‡ list Returns x th root of list elemen ts.  MA TH 5:[...]

Appendix A: Functions and In struction s 622 Equal: valueA = valueB Returns 1 if valueA = valueB . Returns 0 if valueA ƒ valueB . valueA and valueB can be real or complex numbers, expressions, lists, or matrices. y : TEST 1:= Not equal: valueA ƒ valueB Returns 1 if valueA ƒ valueB . Returns 0 if valueA = valueB . valueA and valueB can be real or[...]

Appendix A: Functions and In struction s 623 Less than or equal: valueA  valueB Returns 1 if valueA  valueB . Returns 0 if valueA > valueB . valueA and valueB can be real or complex numbers, expressions, or lists. y : TEST 6:  Greater than or equal: valueA ‚ valueB Returns 1 if valueA ‚ valueB . Returns 0 if valueA < valueB . val[...]

Appendix A: Functions and In struction s 624 Powers: value ^ power Returns value raised to power . value can be a real or complex number or expression. › Powers: list ^ power Returns list elem ent s raised to power . › Powers: value ^ list Returns value raised to list element s. › Powers: matrix ^ power Returns matrix e lement s raised to pow[...]

Appendix A: Functions and In struction s 625 Multiplication: value ä list Returns value times each list element. ¯ Multiplication: list ä value Returns each list element times value . ¯ Multiplication: listA ä listB Returns listA elements times listB elemen ts. ¯ Multiplication: value ä matrix Returns value times matrix element s. ¯ Multipl[...]

626 Addition: matrixA + matrixB Returns matrixA elements plus matrixB elements. Ã Concatenation: string1 + string2 Concatenates two o r more strings. Ã Subtraction: valueA N valueB Subtracts valueB from valueA . ¹ Subtraction: value N list Subtracts list elements from value . ¹ Subtraction: list N value Subtracts value from list elemen ts. ¹ S[...]

Appendix B: Reference Info rmation 627 A ppendix B: A ppendix B: A ppendix B: A ppendix B: R eference Infor ma tion R eference Infor ma tion R ef erence Infor ma t ion R eference Infor ma tion Va r i a b l e s Va r i a b l e s Va r i a b l e s Va r i a b l e s User V aria bles User V aria bles User V ariables User V aria bles The TI-84 Plus uses th[...]

Appendix B: Reference Info rmation 628 Except for system variables, you can store any st ring of characters, functions, instructions, or variables to the functions Y n , ( 1 through 9 , and 0 ), X n T / Y n T ( 1 through 6 ), r n ( 1 through 6 ), u( n ) , v( n ) , and w( n ) directly or through the Y= editor . The validity of the string is determin[...]

Appendix B: Reference Info rmation 629 Sta tistics F or mulas Sta tistics F or mulas Sta tistics F or mulas Sta tistics F or mulas This section contains st atistics formulas for the Logistic a nd SinReg regressions, ANOV A , 2-Samp Ü T est , and 2-SampTT est . Logistic Logistic Logistic Logistic The logistic regression alg orithm applies nonlinear[...]

Appendix B: Reference Info rmation 630 SinReg SinReg SinRe g SinReg The sine regression algorithm ap plies nonlinea r recursive least-squa res techniques to optimize the following cost function: which is the sum of the squar es of th e residual errors, This technique attempt s to recursively estimate the co nst ants a , b , c , and d to mak e J as [...]

Appendix B: Reference Info rmation 631 The mean squares ( MS ) that make up Ü are: The sum of squares ( SS ) that make up the mea n squares are: The degrees of freedom df that make up the mean squares are: Ü Ü where: I Sxi ni = = = = = number of populations the mean of each list the standar d deviation of each list the length of each list the me[...]

Appendix B: Reference Info rmation 632 2-SampFT est 2-SampFT est 2-SampFT est 2-SampFT est Below is the definition for the 2 - Samp Ü Te s t . 2 - Samp Ü Te s t for the alternative hypothesis . 2 - Samp Ü Te s t for the alternative hypothesis . Sx 1 , Sx 2 = Sample st andard devi ations having and degrees of freedom df , respectively . Ü = Û -[...]

Appendix B: Reference Info rmation 633 2 - Samp Ü Te s t for the alternative hypothesis s 1 ƒ s 2 . Limits must satisfy the following: where: [ Lbnd,Ubnd ] = lower and upper limits The Ü -st atistic is used as the bound produc ing the smallest int egral. The remaining bound is selected to achieve the p rec eding integr al’s equ ality relations[...]

Appendix B: Reference Info rmation 634 where the com putation of S and df are dependent on whether the variances are p ooled. If the variances ar e no t po ole d : otherwise : and Sxp is the pooled variance. S Sx 1 2 n 1 ---------- - Sx 2 2 n 2 ---------- - + = df Sx 1 2 n 1 ---------- - Sx 2 2 n 2 ---------- - + ⎝⎠ ⎜⎟ ⎛⎞ 2 1 n 1 1 – [...]

Appendix B: Reference Info rmation 635 Financial For mulas Financial For mulas Financial For mulas Financial For mulas This section cont ains financial formulas for compu ting time value of money , amortization, cash flow , interest-rate conversions, and days be tween dates. Time V alue of Money Time V alue of Money Time V alue of Money Time V alue[...]

Appendix B: Reference Info rmation 636 The iteration used to compute i : where: i ƒ 0 where: x = i y = P/Y ÷ C/Y where: k = 0 for end-of-period p ayment s k = 1 for beginning-o f-period p ayment s 0 PV PMT G i 11 i + () N – – i ----------------- ------------ - FV 1 i + () N – × + × + = I %1 0 0 CY e yx 1 + () ln × () 1 – [] × ⁄ × =[...]

Appendix B: Reference Info rmation 637 where: i= 0 where: i ƒ 0 where: i= 0 where: i ƒ 0 where: i= 0 where: i ƒ 0 where: i = 0 PMT – i G i ----- PV PV FV + 1 i + () N 1 – ------------------ --------- - + × = PMT – PV FV + () N ÷ = PV PMT G i × i ---------------- ------- - FV – 1 1 i + () N ------------------ - PMT G i × i -----------[...]

Appendix B: Reference Info rmation 638 Amor tization Amor tization Amor tization Amor tization If computing bal () , pmt2 = npmt Let bal ( 0 ) = RND ( PV ) Iterate from m = 1 to pmt2 then: Balance, princip al, and interest are dependent on the values of PMT , PV , æ , and pmt 1 and pmt 2 . where: RND = round the display to the number of decim al p[...]

Appendix B: Reference Info rmation 639 Cash Flow Cash Flow Cash Flow Cash Flow where: Net present value is dependent on the values of the initial cash flow ( CF 0 ), subsequent cash flows ( CFj ), frequency of each cash flow ( nj ), and the specif ie d interest rate ( i ). irr () = 100 × i , wher e i satisfies npv () = 0 Internal rate of return is[...]

Appendix B: Reference Info rmation 640 Days between Dates Days between Dates Days between Dates Days between Dates With the dbd( function, you can enter or compute a date within the range Jan. 1, 1950, through Dec. 31 , 2049 . Actual/actual day-coun t method (assumes actual numbe r of days per month and actual numbe r of da ys per year ): dbd ( (da[...]

Appendix B: Reference Info rmation 641 + (number of days MB to M 2 ) + DT 2 + where: M 1 DT 1 Y 1 M 2 DT 2 Y 2 MB DB YB = = = = = = = = = month of first date day of first date year of firs t date month of second date day of second date year of se cond date base mont h (January) base day ( 1 ) base year (first year af ter leap year) Y 2 YB – () 4 [...]

Appendix B: Reference Info rmation 642 Impor tant T hings Y ou Ne ed to Kno w About Y our Impor tant T hings Y ou Ne ed to Kno w About Y our Impor tant T hings Y ou Ne ed to Kno w About Y our Impor tant T hings Y ou Ne ed to Kno w About Y our TI-84 Plus TI-84 Plus TI -84 Plus TI-84 Plus TI-84 Plus Results TI-84 Plus Results TI-84 Plus Results TI-84[...]

Appendix B: Reference Info rmation 643 If you are using trigonometr ic functions or performing polar an d rectangular con versions, the unexpe cted results may be caused by an angle mode sett ing. The Radia n and Degree angle mode settings co ntro l how the TI -8 4 Pl us interpret s angle values. T o change the angle mode settin gs, follo w these s[...]

Appendix B: Reference Info rmation 644 TI-84 Plus Identification Code TI-84 Plus Identification Code TI-84 Plus Identification Code TI-84 Plus Identification Code Y our graphing calculator has a unique id entification (ID) code that you should record and keep. Y ou can use this 14 digit ID to register your calculator a t education.ti.com or identif[...]

Appendix B: Reference Info rmation 645 App s App s Apps App s TI-84 Plus Software Applications (App s) is so ftware th at you can add to your calculator in the same way you would ad d sof t ware to your computer . App s let you customize your calculator for peak performance in sp ecific areas of study . Y ou can find app s for th e TI-84 Plus at th[...]

Appendix B: Reference Info rmation 646 Er r or Co n d itio n s Er r or Co n d itio n s Er r or Co n d itio n s Er r or Co n d itio n s When the TI-84 Plus detects an er ro r , it re turns an error message as a menu ti tle, such as ERR:SYNT AX or ERR:DOMAIN . This t able contain s each error type, possible causes, and suggestions for correction. The[...]

Appendix B: Reference Info rmation 647 BAD GUESS • In a CALC operat ion, you specified a Gu ess that is not between Lef t Bound and Right Bound . • For the solve( function or the equation solver , you specified a guess tha t is not bet ween lower a nd upper . • Y our guess and several point s around it are undefined. Examine a graph of the fu[...]

Appendix B: Reference Info rmation 648 DIM MISMA TCH Y our calculator displays the ERR:DIM MISMA TCH error if you are trying to perform an operation that referen ces one or more lists or matrices whose dimensions do not match. For example, multiplying L1*L2, where L1={1,2,3,4,5} and L2={1,2} produces an ERR:DIM MISMA TCH error because the nu mber o[...]

Appendix B: Reference Info rmation 649 Error in Xmit • The TI-84 Plus was unabl e to tran smit an item. Check to see that the cable i s fi rmly connected to both units and that the recei ving unit is in receiv e mode. • Y ou pressed É to break d uring transmission. • Y ou attempted to perform a backup from a TI . 82 to a TI-84 Plus. • Y ou[...]

Appendix B: Reference Info rmation 650 INV ALID • Y ou attempted to reference a variable or use a function where it is not valid. For example, Y n ca nnot reference Y , Xmin , @ X , or TblSt art . • Y ou attempted to reference a variabl e or function that was transferred from the TI . 82 and i s not valid for the TI-84 Plus For example, yo u ma[...]

Appendix B: Reference Info rmation 651 ITERA TIONS • The solve( functi on or the equation solver has exceeded the maximum number of permi tted iterations. Exa mine a graph of the funct ion. If the equation has a soluti on, change the bounds , or the initial g uess, or both. • irr( has exceeded the maximum number of permitted iteratio ns. • Wh[...]

Appendix B: Reference Info rmation 652 MODE Y ou attempted to store to a window variable in another graphing mode or to perform an instruction while in the wrong mode; for example, DrawInv in a graphi ng mode other than Func . NO SIGN CHNG • The solve( function or th e equation solver did not detect a sign change. • Y ou attempted to comp ute ?[...]

Appendix B: Reference Info rmation 653 SINGULAR MA T • A singular matrix (determinant = 0) is not vali d as the argument for L 1 . • The SinReg instruction or a polynomial re gression generated a singular matrix (dete rminant = 0) because it coul d not find a solutio n, or a sol ution does not exist. This error is not returned during graphing. [...]

Appendix B: Reference Info rmation 654 SYNT AX The command contains a syntax error . Look for misplaced functi ons, arguments, parentheses, or commas. Appendix A displ ays the arguments and punctuation needed to exec ute the function or instruction. For example , stdDev( list [, fr eqlist ] ) is a function of the TI- 84 Pl us. The argument s are sh[...]

Appendix B: Reference Info rmation 655 V ARIABLE Y ou have tried to archive a variable that cannot be archived or you have tri ed to unarchive an application or group. Examples of variables that cannot be archived include: • Real numbers LRESID, R, T , X, Y , Theta , S tatistic variables under Va r s , ST A TISTICS menu, Y vars , and the AppIdLis[...]

Appendix B: Reference Info rmation 656 Ac c ur a cy I n for mati o n Ac c ur a cy I n for mati o n A cc u r acy I n fo r mat i o n Ac c ur a cy I n for mati o n Computational Accuracy Computational Accuracy Computational Accuracy Computational Accuracy T o maximize accuracy , the TI-84 Plus carries more digits internall y than it displays. V alues [...]

Appendix B: Reference Info rmation 657 •I n Full scre en mode, @ Y is calculated as ( Ymax N Ymin ) à 62. In Hori z split-screen mode, @ Y is calculated as ( Ymax N Ymin ) à 30 . In G-T spli t-screen mode, @ Y is calculated as ( Ymax N Ymin ) à 50. • If you enter a value for @ Y from the h ome screen or a prog ram in Full screen mode, Ymax i[...]

Appendix B: Reference Info rmation 658 Function Results Function Results Function R e sults Function Results sinh x , cosh x | x |  230.25850929940 ta n h x | x | < 10 100 sinh L 1 x | x | < 5 × 10 99 cosh L 1 x 1  x < 5 × 10 99 ta n h L 1 x L 1 < x < 1 ‡ x (real mode) 0  x < 10 100 ‡ x (complex mode) | x | < 10 [...]

Appendix C: Service and Warranty Information 659 A ppendix C: A ppendix C: A ppendix C: A ppendix C: Ser vice and War r anty Infor mation Ser vice and War r anty Infor mation Ser vice and War r anty Infor mation Ser vice and War r anty Infor mation T e xas Instr uments Suppor t and Ser vice T e xas Instr uments Suppor t and Ser vice T e xas Instr u[...]

Appendix C: Service and Warranty Information 660 Customers in the U.S., Can ada, Mexico, Puerto Rico and Virgin Island s: Always contact T exas Instruments Cu stomer Support before returning a product for service. All other customers: Refer to the leaflet enclosed with this product (hardware ) or co nt act your local T exas Instrume nts retailer/di[...]

Appendix C: Service and Warranty Information 661 T exa s Ins tr uments (TI) W ar r anty Inf or ma tion T exa s Ins tr uments (TI) W ar r anty Inf or ma tion T exa s Ins tr uments (TI) W ar r anty Inf or ma tion T exa s Ins tr uments (TI) W ar r anty Inf or ma tion Customers in the U.S. and Canada Only Customers in the U.S. and Canada Only Customers[...]

Appendix C: Service and Warranty Information 662 Australia & New Zealand Customer s only Australia & New Zealand Customer s only Australia & New Zealand Customer s only Australia & New Zealand Customer s only One-Y ear Limited Warranty for Commercial Electronic Product This T exas Instrumen ts electronic product warra nty extends on[...]

Appendix C: Service and Warranty Information 663 All Other Customer s All Other Customer s All Other Customer s All Other Customer s For information about the length and ter ms of the warranty , refe r to your package and/or to the war- ranty statement enclosed with this product, or contac t your local T exas Instruments retailer/distribu- tor .[...]

Appendix C: Service and Warranty Information 664 Ba tter y Inf or ma tion Ba tter y Inf or ma tion Ba tter y Infor ma tion Ba tter y Inf or ma tion W hen to Replace the Ba tteries W hen to Replace the Ba tteries W he n to Replace the Batteries W hen to Replace the Ba tteries The TI-84 Plus uses five ba tteries: four AAA alkaline batteries and one S[...]

Appendix C: Service and Warranty Information 665 Effects of Replacing the Batteries Effects of Replacing the Batteries Effects of Replacing the Batteries Effects of Replacing the Batteries Do not remove both types of batteries (AAA and silver oxide) at the same time. Do n ot allow the batter ies to lose power completely . If you follo w these guide[...]

Appendix C: Service and Warranty Information 666 1. T urn off the graphing calculator . Replace the slide cove r over the keyboard to avoid inadvertently turning on the gr aphing calcul ator . T urn the back of the unit to wa rd you. 2. Hold the gr aphing calcu lator uprigh t, push do wnward on the latch o n the top of the battery cover , and then [...]

Appendix C: Service and Warranty Information 667 In Case of Dif ficulty In Case of Dif ficulty In Case of Dif ficulty In Case of Dif ficulty Handling a Dif ficulty Handling a Dif ficulty Hand ling a Dif ficu lty Handling a Dif ficulty T o handle a dif ficulty , follow th ese ste ps. 1. If you cannot see an yt hin g on the scre en , yo u ma y ne ed [...]

Appendix C: Service and Warranty Information 668 • Select the type of dat a you want to delete, or select 1:Al l for a list of all variables of all types. A screen is displayed listing each variable of the type you selected and the number of bytes each variable is using. • Press } and † to move the selection cursor ( 4 ) next to the item you [...]

Appendix C: Service and Warranty Information 669[...]

Index 670 Inde x Inde x Inde x Inde x Symbols ! dim( (assign dimension) . . . . . . . . . 261 ( - (degrees notation) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 620 ( - (negation) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42 , 55 , 624 ( – (subtrac tion) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53 , 626 ( ! (factorial) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 620 ( ! Store . . . . . . . [...]

Index 671 { } (list indicator) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 249 Numerics 10^( (power of ten) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 624 1-PropZInt ( one-proportio n z confidence interval) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 357 , 597 1-PropZTest (one-p roportion z test) .3 4 9 , 597 1-Var Stats (one-variable statistics) .3 0 7 , 616 2-PropZInt (two-propo rtion z[...]

Index 672 archive full error . . . . . . . . . 546 , 646 garbage collection . . . . . . . . . . . 542 memory err or . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 542 archived variables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 628 arcsine (sin / ( ) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53 arctangent (tan / ( ) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53 Asm( . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .[...]

Index 673 home screen (ClrHome) . . . 454 , 570 list (ClrList) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 300 , 571 table (ClrTable ) . . . . . . . . . 454 , 571 Clock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 Clock Off . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 Clock On . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 ClockOff, turn clock off . [...]

Index 674 cosh / ( (hyperbolic arccosine) . . 423 , 572 cosine (cos( ) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53 cosine (cos( ) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 571 cross pixel mark (+) . . . . . . . . . 203 , 322 cube (³) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58 , 621 cube root (³ $ ( ) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58 cube root (³ $ [...]

Index 675 invNorm( . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 375 , 585 normalcdf( . . . . . . . . . . . . . 374 , 592 normalpd f( . . . . . . . . . . . . . 373 , 593 poissoncdf( . . . . . . . . . . . . . 381 , 596 poissonpdf( . . . . . . . . . . . . . 381 , 596 distribution s hading instruc tions Shade_t( . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 384 , 609 Shade χ ²( . [...]

Index 676 areas of regular n-sided polyg ons . . 506 box plots . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 477 box with lid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 466 defining a 46 6 defining a ta ble of valu es 467 setting the viewing window 470 tracing the graph 472 zooming in on the gr aph 474 zooming in on the tab le 468 cobweb attr actors . . . . . . . .[...]

Index 677 F Faceplates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 factorial (!) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 620 family of curves . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112 FCC statement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . iii Fill( . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 239 , 577 FINANCE CALC menu . . . . . . . . . . . 393 FINANCE[...]

Index 678 moving the cursor to a value . . . 116 overlaying function s on a grap h . 112 panning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117 pausing or stopping a graph . . . . 111 Quick Zoom . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117 selecting . . . . . . . . . . . . 99 , 100 , 578 shading . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103 Smart Graph . . . . . .[...]

Index 679 greatest common divisor (gcd( ) . . . . . 71 greatest common divisor (gcd( ) . . . . 580 greatest integer (int( ) . . . . . . . . . 70 , 235 greatest integer (int( ) . . . . . . . . . . . . 585 GridOff . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109 , 583 GridOn . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109 , 583 grouping . . . . . . . . . . . . . [...]

Index 680 interest ra te conversi ons 4 Eff( (compute effect ive interest rate) 402 , . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 403 4 Nom( (comp ute nomina l interest ra te) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 402 calculating . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 402 formula . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 639 internal rat e of retu rn (i[...]

Index 681 LinRegTTe st (linea r re gr es sion t test) . . 363 , . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 588 LinReqTInt (confidence interval for slope) 365 LIST MATH menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 269 LIST NAMES menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . 251 LIST OPS menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 258 List 4 matr( (lists-to-matrix conv ersion) 241[...]

Index 682 selecting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 223 viewing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 225 MATRX EDIT menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . 223 MATRX MATH menu . . . . . . . . . . . . 236 MATRX NAMES menu . . . . . . . . . . . 228 max( (maximum) . . . . . . . . . 70 , 270 , 590 maximum of a function (fMax( ) . . . . . 59 maximum of [...]

Index 683 multiplication (*) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53 , 624 multiplicative inverse . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54 N N (number of payment pe riods variable) . 391 , . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 406 nCr (number of combinations) . . 80 , 591 nDeriv( (nume ric al de riv ativ e) . . . 60 , 592 negation (-) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42[...]

Index 684 tracing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141 window variables . . . . . . . . . . . . 139 Y= editor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137 zoom oper ations . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143 parentheses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41 path graph style . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101 Pause . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [...]

Index 685 probability density fu nction (normalpdf( ) 373 probability density fu nction (normalpdf( ) 593 prod( (pro duct) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 271 , 597 programm ing copying and renaming . . . . . . . . 433 creating new . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 427 defined . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 427 deleting . . . . . . . . . . . . . .[...]

Index 686 RecallGDB . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 209 , 601 RecallPic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 206 , 601 rectangular form, comp lex numbers . . 74 RectGC (rectangular graph ing coordinates) . . . . . . . . . . . . 109 , 602 recursive sequences . . . . . . . . . . . . . 158 ref( (row-e chelon form ) . . . . . . . 243 , 602 RegEQ (regres[...]

Index 687 graph styles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 156 moving the cursor to a value . . . 163 nonrecursive seque nces . . . . . . 157 recursive sequences . . . . . . . . . 158 selecting and deselecting . . . . . . 156 TI-84 Plus versus TI-82 table . . . 173 tracing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 162 web plots . . . . . . . . . . . . . [...]

Index 688 STAT CALC menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 306 STAT EDIT menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 299 stat list editor attaching formulas to list names . 289 clearing elements from lists . . . . 287 creating list names . . . . . . . . . . . 286 detaching formulas from list names . 292 displaying . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 283 edit-elem[...]

Index 689 tracing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 326 turning on/off stat plots . . . . 100 , 325 viewing window . . . . . . . . . . . . . 326 xyLine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 319 statistical variables table . . . . . . . . . . 315 Stats input option . . . . . . . . . . . 336 , 337 stdDev( (standard deviation) . . 272 , 611 [...]

Index 690 TEST LOGIC (Boolean menu) . . . . . . 90 Text( instruction . . . . . . . . . . 198 , 219 , 613 placing on a graph . . . . . . . 198 , 219 Then . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 437 , 584 thick graph style . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101 TI Connect™ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 552 TI-84 Plus key code diagram . . . . .[...]

Index 691 axes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110 calculator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 coordinates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109 expressio ns . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110 functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100 grid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109 labels . . . . . . . . . . .[...]

Index 692 Zoom . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38 Vertical (draw line) . . . . . . . . . . 191 , 616 viewing window . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105 vw/uvAxes (axes format) . . . . . 161 , 616 W w sequence function . . . . . . . . . . . . . 154 warranty . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 661 Web (axes format) . . . . . . .[...]

Index 693 ZPrevious (use previous window) . . . 619 ZSquare (set square pixels) . . . 121 , 619 ZStandard (use standar d window) . . 122 , 619 Z-Test (one-sample z te st) . . . . 342 , 619 ZTrig (trigono metric window) . . 122 , 620[...]