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Cisco Systems, Inc. www.cisco.com Cisco Aironet Series 1600/2600/3600 Access Point Deployment Gu ide, Release 7.5 Last Updated: July 5th, 201 3 Release: Cisco Aironet Series 1600/260 0/3600 Access Point Deploy ment Guide, Release 7.5[...]

2 Cisco Aironet Series 1600/2600/3600 Access Point Deployment Gu ide, Release 7.5 Abstract Abstract This document covers the Cisco 2600 and 360 0 Series Access Points theory of o peration and in stallation as part of a Cisco wireless LAN (WLAN) solut ion. Subjects related include: • Choosing the right Access Point • Dif ferences between AP 3600[...]

3 Cisco Aironet Series 1600/2600/3600 Access Point Deployment Guide, Release 7.5 Choosing the Righ t Access Poin t – Stadium/Harsh En vironments – Areas with High V i bration – W arehouse and Factory • Ethernet Cable Recommendation • Antenna Cable Recommendation • Access Point Spacing Recommendations – Installations in IDF Cl osets (T[...]

4 Cisco Aironet Series 1600/2600/3600 Access Point Deployment Gu ide, Release 7.5 Choosing the Right Access Point spatial stream (3SS) beamforming, together referenced as 4x4 :3. Clie ntLink 2.0 permits speeds up to 450 Mbps via additional Modulation an d Coding Scheme (MCS) data rates 16-23, while stil l maintaining IEEE 802.3af (15.4 W att) Po we[...]

5 Cisco Aironet Series 1600/2600/3600 Access Point Deployment Guide, Release 7.5 Choosing the Righ t Access Poin t Figure 2 AP 3600 Mode ls and Eco-packs Figure 3 AP 2600 Mode ls and Eco-packs[...]

6 Cisco Aironet Series 1600/2600/3600 Access Point Deployment Gu ide, Release 7.5 Choosing the Right Access Point Figure 4 AP 1600 Mo dels and Eco-pa cks Differences between the AP 3600 and AP 3500 Access Points The internal antenna v ersion of AP 3600 and AP 3500 is almost identi cal in physical appearance with the exception of th e LED which is s[...]

7 Cisco Aironet Series 1600/2600/3600 Access Point Deployment Guide, Release 7.5 Choosing the Righ t Access Poin t Figur e 6 Side View of AP 3600 (2.1 1 inch es) and AP 3500 (1.84 inc hes) in height The AP 3600e (e xternal antenna v ersion) differs in ap pearance fr om the AP 3500e, ha ving fe wer antenna connector po rts primarily d ue to the du a[...]

8 Cisco Aironet Series 1600/2600/3600 Access Point Deployment Gu ide, Release 7.5 Differences between the AP 3600 and AP 2600 AP 3600 Feature Module Support The WSSI (W ireless Sec urity and Sp read S pectru m Inte llig ence) module adds new functionality to the AP to future-proof customers' in vestment. Th is module provides a dedi cated moni[...]

9 Cisco Aironet Series 1600/2600/3600 Access Point Deployment Guide, Release 7.5 Differences between the AP 3600 and AP 2600 The AP 2600 is v ery similar to t he AP 3600 b ut is a 3X4:3SS so with the A P 2600 - Client Link d oes not beamform to 3-ss clients, ho wev er; it does beamform at le gac y and 1 & 2 Spatial Stream rates. The AP 3600 has[...]

10 Cisco Aironet Series 1600/2600/3600 Access Point Deployment Gu ide, Release 7.5 Introducing Cisco Aironet 1600 Series Access Point Figure 1 0 Backside of the AP 260 0 - mounting ha rdwa re and ant ennas are the same as AP 3600 Introducing Cisco Aironet 1600 Series Access Point Designed as an entry lev el Ac cess Point, ke y feature items i nclud[...]

11 Cisco Aironet Series 1600/2600/3600 Access Point Deployment Guide, Release 7.5 Introducin g Cisco Aironet 1600 Series Access Point • ClientLink 2.0 – a k ey addition when movin g up from the AP’ s 1040/1140 and 1260 series. – Support for 802.11n cli ents up to 1-SS – Supports 802.11a/b/g cli ents – ClientLink 2.0 for 1600 can supp or[...]

12 Cisco Aironet Series 1600/2600/3600 Access Point Deployment Gu ide, Release 7.5 Access Point Physical Hardwa re and Mounting Op tions Figure 12 Compar ison 3600, 260 0 and 1600 series A ccess Points. Access Point Physical Hardware and Mounting Options AP 1600, 2600 and 3600 ha ve the same physical dimens ions an d mounting options wi th slightly[...]

13 Cisco Aironet Series 1600/2600/3600 Access Point Deployment Guide, Release 7.5 Access Point Physical Hardware and Mou nting Options Figur e 13 Mechanical Dr awing of the AP 2600 and the AP 360 0 There are many dif ferent installation opt ions a v ailable depending up on the requirements of the customer . Brackets are av ailable from Cisco as wel[...]

14 Cisco Aironet Series 1600/2600/3600 Access Point Deployment Gu ide, Release 7.5 Access Point Physical Hardwa re and Mounting Op tions If the AP will be mount ed directly to a ceilin g on the gridwork , then AIR-AP-BRA CKET -1 mounts flush and has the lo west prof ile. Ho wever , if the AP will be mounted to an el ectrical box or oth er wiring fi[...]

15 Cisco Aironet Series 1600/2600/3600 Access Point Deployment Guide, Release 7.5 Access Point Physical Hardware and Mou nting Options Figur e 17 AIR-CHNL -AD APTER (lef t) Slides onto the Rails Figure 1 8 AIR-CH NL -AD APTER Mounted to Rail Clip (left) and Finished Installation (right) Mounting an AP Directly into the Tile Using Optional AIR-AP-BR[...]

16 Cisco Aironet Series 1600/2600/3600 Access Point Deployment Gu ide, Release 7.5 Access Point Physical Hardwa re and Mounting Op tions Figur e 19 Optional AIR-AP -BRACKET -3 used t o install the AP dir ectly into the tile Note This bracket will f it the AP 1040, 1140, 1260, 1600, 260 0, 3500 and 3600 Series Access Points. Wall-mounting the AP Whe[...]

17 Cisco Aironet Series 1600/2600/3600 Access Point Deployment Guide, Release 7.5 Access Point Physical Hardware and Mou nting Options Figur e 20 W all-mounting APs antenn as should be v ertical (up/do wn) or use the Ober on r i ght-angle mo unting structur e - ide a l for AP 3600i. Oberon P/N 1 029-00) Changing the Color of an AP If there is a des[...]

18 Cisco Aironet Series 1600/2600/3600 Access Point Deployment Gu ide, Release 7.5 Unique Installations Unique Installations Clean Rooms (Healthcare) Many hospital s and factories ha ve requ irements to wipe do wn or gently spray the en vironment with a chemical (often diluted material th at has cleaning / disinfectant properti es). The Cisco AP 36[...]

19 Cisco Aironet Series 1600/2600/3600 Access Point Deployment Guide, Release 7.5 Unique Installations Figur e 23 Ober on Metal Enclosur e prot ects and secur e s the AP in Clean Room Ar eas Above Ceiling Tiles The AP 2600 and 3600 are rat ed for installation in the Plenum area (UL-2043). Many customers prefer to locate the AP so tha t nothing c an[...]

20 Cisco Aironet Series 1600/2600/3600 Access Point Deployment Gu ide, Release 7.5 Unique Installations Figure 24 Example of how to hang an AP abo ve the ceiling tiles Note Installing APs abo ve the ceiling t iles should only be done wh en mounting belo w the ceiling is not an option. The tiles must not be conducti ve; such inst allations can certa[...]

21 Cisco Aironet Series 1600/2600/3600 Access Point Deployment Guide, Release 7.5 Unique Installations Stadium/Harsh Environments Customers wishing t o install the AP in harsh en vironm ents where it may be exposed to weather , such as sporting areas, stadiums, open garden areas or ware house freezers, may wish to use a NEMA type enclosure. Figure [...]

22 Cisco Aironet Series 1600/2600/3600 Access Point Deployment Gu ide, Release 7.5 Unique Installations Figur e 27 A metal pin o r padloc k will not det erior ate ov er time so it is bett er than a plastic tie Warehouse and Factory W arehouse installations are o ften dif ficul t because of the very hi gh ceilings and the clutt er of the material be[...]

23 Cisco Aironet Series 1600/2600/3600 Access Point Deployment Guide, Release 7.5 Unique Installations Figure 28 AP Placement in W ar ehouse Envir onment Note External dipole “e” series or interna l antenna “I” series v ersion could be used When mounting an AP at the end of a pipe or electrical conduit b ox, use the univ ersal bracket Cisco[...]

24 Cisco Aironet Series 1600/2600/3600 Access Point Deployment Gu ide, Release 7.5 Unique Installations Figur e 29 Mounting an AP onto an Electr ical Conduit Box (ceiling T -Bar or conduit) Ethernet Cable Recommendation While the AP 1600/2600 and 3600 will w ork f ine with CA T -5e for new cable in stallations, it is recommended that customers use [...]

25 Cisco Aironet Series 1600/2600/3600 Access Point Deployment Guide, Release 7.5 Unique Installations Access Point Spacing Recommendations If you ha ve a W i-Fi device such as an AP and yo u are going to use another AP in th e vicinity on a different channel, it is recommende d that you space each AP apart by approximately 6 Ft (2 meters). A void [...]

26 Cisco Aironet Series 1600/2600/3600 Access Point Deployment Gu ide, Release 7.5 External Antenn a Options and Patte rns Installations Using a Common or Distributed Antenna System (DAS) Due to the dual-band n ature of the antenn a system on the AP 26 00 and AP 3600, al ong with k ey features such as ClientLink 2.0 beam forming, it is not re comme[...]

27 Cisco Aironet Series 1600/2600/3600 Access Point Deployment Guide, Release 7.5 External Antenna Options and Patterns AIR-ANT2524D W -R – Dual-band (White) di pole (4 required) – 2 /4 dBi Dipole AIR-ANT2524DG- R – Dual-band (Gre y) dipole (4 required) – 2/4 dBi Dipol e AIR-ANT2524V4C-R – Dual-b and Omni-directional ( 1 required) – 2/4[...]

28 Cisco Aironet Series 1600/2600/3600 Access Point Deployment Gu ide, Release 7.5 External Antenn a Options and Patte rns Figure 31 Specifications f or the AIR- ANT2 524Dx -R Dual-ban d Dipole Antenna Figur e 32 Radiation P at ter n for the AIR- ANT2524Dx -R Dual-band Dipole Antenna[...]

29 Cisco Aironet Series 1600/2600/3600 Access Point Deployment Guide, Release 7.5 External Antenna Options and Patterns Figure 33 Specifications f or the AIR- ANT2566P4W -R Dual-band P atch Ant enna Figur e 34 Radiation P att ern f or the AIR- AN T2566P4W -R Dua l-band P atch Antenna Assuming the antenna is mounted on a w all, the Azimuth (in RED) [...]

30 Cisco Aironet Series 1600/2600/3600 Access Point Deployment Gu ide, Release 7.5 External Antenn a Options and Patte rns Figure 35 Specifications f or the AIR- ANT2 524V4C-R Dual-band Omni Antenna Figur e 36 Radiation P at ter n for the AIR- ANT2524V4C-R Dual-band Omni Antenna[...]

31 Cisco Aironet Series 1600/2600/3600 Access Point Deployment Guide, Release 7.5 External Antenna Options and Patterns Figure 37 Specifications f or the AIR- ANT2544V 4M-R Dual-b and Omni Antenna Figur e 38 Radiation Pat ter ns for the AIR- ANT2544V 4M-R Dual-b and Omni Antenna Note For larger patterns, see th e individual specification shee t for[...]

32 Cisco Aironet Series 1600/2600/3600 Access Point Deployment Gu ide, Release 7.5 External Antenn a Options and Patte rns Figure 39 Radiation P att er ns for the AP 3600i @ 2.4 GHz Figure 40 Radiation P att er ns for the AP 3600i @ 5 GHz[...]

33 Cisco Aironet Series 1600/2600/3600 Access Point Deployment Guide, Release 7.5 External Antenna Options and Patterns Figure 41 Radiation P att er n s for the AP 2600i @ 2.4 GHz Figure 42 Radiation P att er n s for the AP 260 0i @ 5 GHz[...]

34 Cisco Aironet Series 1600/2600/3600 Access Point Deployment Gu ide, Release 7.5 Understanding Exte rnal Antenna Dep loyments Figure 43 Radiation P att er ns for the AP 1600i @ 2.4 GHz Figure 44 Radiation P att er ns for the AP 1600i @ 5 GHz Understanding External Antenna Deployments All Cisco antenna connectors are labeled “ A” “B” “C [...]

35 Cisco Aironet Series 1600/2600/3600 Access Point Deployment Guide, Release 7.5 Understanding Exte rnal Antenna Dep loyments While it is not recommen ded that you use less antennas – the p roduct (in a pinch) wo uld support 802.11a/b/ g clients or singl e spatial stream N clie nts using onl y one or two antennas howev er there is a signif icant[...]

36 Cisco Aironet Series 1600/2600/3600 Access Point Deployment Gu ide, Release 7.5 Understanding Exte rnal Antenna Dep loyments Figur e 45 6 dBi patch ante nna – while not critical, ideally por t “ A ” and “B” would be on the ends. Figur e 46 AP 1600 Not e port “ A ” is spaced furth est fro m “B” and “C” f or best div ersity[...]

37 Cisco Aironet Series 1600/2600/3600 Access Point Deployment Guide, Release 7.5 Understanding Exte rnal Antenna Dep loyments Remember the best antenna placement is the one wher e the antenna is physically closest to the actual users. If you are moun ting multiple single package du a l band antennas e xternally such as dipo les, spacing is not cri[...]

38 Cisco Aironet Series 1600/2600/3600 Access Point Deployment Gu ide, Release 7.5 Understanding Exte rnal Antenna Dep loyments Figure 48 In areas wher e high amounts of metal is present, a site surve y is requ ired When using 802.11n rates in areas with hi gh metal such as distrib ution areas or airport hangars, sometimes lo wer gain antennas (on [...]

39 Cisco Aironet Series 1600/2600/3600 Access Point Deployment Guide, Release 7.5 802.11n Primer - Understanding Sp atial Streams Figure 49 Example of a high gain antenna AIR-ANT2480V -N with cov er re mov ed A high gain antenna may ha ve a null or dead spot di rectly underneath it as th e antenna eleme nt is often much longer with less metal surfa[...]

40 Cisco Aironet Series 1600/2600/3600 Access Point Deployment Gu ide, Release 7.5 802.11n Primer - Unders tanding Spatial Streams Figur e 50 AP 3500i/e is a 2x3:2 system (supports up to 2 tr a nsmit chains) Note 2x3:2 means two transmi tters, three recei vers suppor ting two spatial streams. Figure 51 Modulation and Coding Scheme: 2S S Bonded Cha [...]

41 Cisco Aironet Series 1600/2600/3600 Access Point Deployment Guide, Release 7.5 802.11n Primer - Understanding Sp atial Streams Figur e 52 AP 3600: 4 T r ansmitt ers and 4 Receivers per Radio Band The AP 2600 while similar to the AP 3 600 is slightly dif ferent as it is a 3x4:3 meaning, the AP 2 600 also has 4 antennas to help on the recei ve (up[...]

42 Cisco Aironet Series 1600/2600/3600 Access Point Deployment Gu ide, Release 7.5 802.11n Primer - Unders tanding Spatial Streams Clients That Support Three Spatial Streams Clients with 3SS support are start ing to become co mmonplace. As the ne w 802. 11ac specification starts to get traction, man y ne wer client adapters will ha ve the ne wer ch[...]

43 Cisco Aironet Series 1600/2600/3600 Access Point Deployment Guide, Release 7.5 802.11n Primer - Understanding Sp atial Streams Figur e 54 ClientLink 2.0 W ith beamforming technology , changing the timing of two transmit ters creates a stronger signal for the receiv er, e.g, a client device. This is ref erred to as constructi ve interfer ence. So[...]

44 Cisco Aironet Series 1600/2600/3600 Access Point Deployment Gu ide, Release 7.5 Site Survey Considerations Figure 56 Example of ClientLink (dir ecting the signal t o a client, in this case 1 spatial stream) Note In order to beamform to clients using 3 spatial stream s, since 3 tran smitters are used in the transmissions the AP needs at least one[...]

45 Cisco Aironet Series 1600/2600/3600 Access Point Deployment Guide, Release 7.5 Site Survey Considerations Figur e 57 AP 3600 Site Surve y Rang es (typical cell siz es hav e not chang ed; AP 3500 and AP 360 0 cell sizes ar e the same Figur e 58 Site Surv ey Sensitivity and SNR Note The SNR for 3SS is 28 dB, per IEEE, but Cisco RF engineers recomm[...]

46 Cisco Aironet Series 1600/2600/3600 Access Point Deployment Gu ide, Release 7.5 General Considerations Regarding Access Points Figur e 59 Site Su rve y Sensitivity and SNR General Considerations Regarding Access Points Follo wing are some guidelines to remember regarding all access points. 1. Always try to mount the AP as close to the users as p[...]

47 Cisco Aironet Series 1600/2600/3600 Access Point Deployment Guide, Release 7.5 802.11ac Primer – How is it different from 802.11n? 4. If you require 3 spatial stream co verage for the fastest throu ghput, and/or you are loo king for the best BY OD experience, the Ci sco Aironet 3600 and 26 00 Series Access Points with Cl ientLink 2.0 will perf[...]

48 Cisco Aironet Series 1600/2600/3600 Access Point Deployment Gu ide, Release 7.5 802.11ac Primer – How is it different from 802.11n? 802.11ac W ave-2 features include: (Note th is paper concentrates on W ave-1) as W av e-2 is still in flux. • Everythin g supported in W ave-1 • Multi-user MIMO <Mult iple Input Multiple Outpu t> client [...]

49 Cisco Aironet Series 1600/2600/3600 Access Point Deployment Guide, Release 7.5 802.11ac Primer – How is it different from 802.11n? Figure 63 F aster speeds with newer MCS rat es an d bonding – up to 433 Mbps on 1 stream. Even f aster speeds occur when you can use multip le spatial s treams, ma ny ne wer smart ph ones may likely suppor t only[...]

50 Cisco Aironet Series 1600/2600/3600 Access Point Deployment Gu ide, Release 7.5 Understanding 802. 11ac and the option module Understanding 802.11ac and the option module AP 3600 Radio Module Cisco Part Number (AIR-RM3000AC-x-K9=) Independent radio mo dule pro viding 802.11ac suppo rt (W av e-1) support wi thin the AP 3600 Features include: • [...]

51 Cisco Aironet Series 1600/2600/3600 Access Point Deployment Guide, Release 7.5 Understanding 802. 11ac and the option module limited (for e x ample 15.4W 802.3af po wer) the Acce ss Point will come up with the radio module disabled until a su itable source of power is av a ilable such as enhanced PoE, 802.3at PoE+, Po wer Injector for or th e Lo[...]

52 Cisco Aironet Series 1600/2600/3600 Access Point Deployment Gu ide, Release 7.5 Understanding 802. 11ac and the option module Figur e 67 T op cov ers remo ved fr om AP and module to sho w how antennas ar e mounted Figur e 68 Co ver age is optimiz ed f or ceiling placement and radiat es omni-di r ectional ly If the AP is not mounted on the ceilin[...]

53 Cisco Aironet Series 1600/2600/3600 Access Point Deployment Guide, Release 7.5 Understanding 802. 11ac and the option module Figure 69 Module ant ennas are int er nal t o the Access P oint and radiat e omni-dir ectionally Because the 5 GHz module operates in the same freq uency band as t he internal 5 GHz 802.11n rad io, both radios ha ve been p[...]

54 Cisco Aironet Series 1600/2600/3600 Access Point Deployment Gu ide, Release 7.5 Understanding 802. 11ac and the option module Figur e 71 Cur r ent channel allo cation plan ETSI T heater . What’ s in the future as far as spectrum allocation? • In the US there are currently 22/10/5/1 cha nnels with bandwidth 20/40/ 80/160MHz channels • W ith[...]

55 Cisco Aironet Series 1600/2600/3600 Access Point Deployment Guide, Release 7.5 Understanding 802. 11ac and the option module Right no w USB adapters and “W orkgroup Bridge” like media adap ters are a vaila b le – Here is a partial list, keep in mind ne w products are being released all the time. USB clients available today ASUS Model USB-A[...]

56 Cisco Aironet Series 1600/2600/3600 Access Point Deployment Gu ide, Release 7.5 Understanding 802. 11ac and the option module Figur e 72 Understanding RF r adio interf aces Since 802.11ac is f airly ne w , having a dedicat ed module handling the VH T (V ery High Throughp ut) requests makes it easy to see which clients are co nnected at 802.11ac [...]

57 Cisco Aironet Series 1600/2600/3600 Access Point Deployment Guide, Release 7.5 Understanding 802. 11ac and the option module • Not understanding SSID’ s for both 5 GHz need to be the same and all .11ac cli ents are sent to the .11ac module Figure 7 4 Both thumbscrews need to be tight or pow er is not applied Things to look for if the module [...]

58 Cisco Aironet Series 1600/2600/3600 Access Point Deployment Gu ide, Release 7.5 A Quick Look at a few "Non-Optimal" Installations A Quick Look at a few "Non-Optimal" Installations The pictures b elo w present e xamples of ins tallations that are not recom mended. It is v ery dif ficult to provid e good W i-Fi service with a p[...]

59 Cisco Aironet Series 1600/2600/3600 Access Point Deployment Guide, Release 7.5 A Quick Look at a few "Non-Optimal" Installations Figure 77 Example of an AP Installation near metal and clut ter (ag a in try to a void metal and clut ter) Figure 78 Examp le of a poor in stallati on - Access P oint needs to be level and not swing or move a[...]

60 Cisco Aironet Series 1600/2600/3600 Access Point Deployment Gu ide, Release 7.5 A Quick Look at a few "Non-Optimal" Installations Figur e 79 Example of a poor installation – A ccess P oint is t oo high & bur ied in conductiv e fo il Remember the best place for an Access Poin t is as close to the users as possible – A voi d meta[...]

61 Cisco Aironet Series 1600/2600/3600 Access Point Deployment Guide, Release 7.5 Misc. Questions and Answers Ti p When mounting antennas o utside, al ways moun t with the WIRES D O WN and ne ver obstruct or p ut weather pr oofing material over the drain holes. Figur e 81 Alwa ys mount antennas outdoors wi th leads DOWN (indoors does not matt er) F[...]

62 Cisco Aironet Series 1600/2600/3600 Access Point Deployment Gu ide, Release 7.5 Misc. Question s and Answers A. Generally speaking the AP 260 0e or 3600e would be my f irst choice as these external antenna models ha ve the h ighest operating temperatu re range -20 to 55C. The AP 1600 can also be used b ut has a slightly lo wer operating temperat[...]

63 Cisco Aironet Series 1600/2600/3600 Access Point Deployment Guide, Release 7.5 URL Links and Other Re sources A. Y es. All 3 radios will be acti ve The 2.4 GHz radio continues to support le gacy b/g clients as well as n clients. The two 5 GH z radios (inte grated + module) will w ork in tandem so th ey are not competing with each other b ut work[...]

64 Cisco Aironet Series 1600/2600/3600 Access Point Deployment Gu ide, Release 7.5 URL Links and Othe r Resources Cisco antenna reference guide http://www .cisco.com/en/US/prod/col lateral/wireless/ps7183/ps469/ product_dat a_sheet09186a0 08008883b .html Why buy Cisco brand antennas http://www .cisco.com/en/US/prod/col lateral/wirel ess/ps5678/ps10[...]