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U LTRA T RAK 100 TX4 AND U LTRA T RAK 100 TX8 U SER M ANUA L[...]

C OPYRIGHT © 2001, Promi se Techno logy, Inc. Copyright by Pro mise Tech nology, Inc. (Promise T echnology ). No part of this manual may be repro duced or transmitted i n any form w ithout the express ed, written perm ission of Pr omise T echnology. T RADEMARKS Promise, and t he Promise logo are regi stered in U .S. Patent and T rademar k Office. [...]

R ADI O F RE QUENCY I NTERFERENCE S TA T EME N T This equ ipment has bee n test ed and found t o comply with th e limits for a Class B digital dev ice, pur suant to Part 15 of the FC C Rules. T hese limit s are design ed to provide reasonab le prote ctio n again st harm ful inter f eren ce in a residentia l installatio n. This equipment generates, [...]

T A BLE OF C ONT ENT S Introduction .................................................................................................................. 1 Architectural De scription......................................................................................... 1 Features and Be nefits ........................................................[...]

Appendix A - Technology Background ....................................................................... 41 Introduction t o RAID ............................................................................................. 41 RAID 0 – Striping .................................................................................................. 41[...]

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1 I NTRODUCTIO N Thank you for purcha sing Promis e Technolo gy’s Ultr aTrak100 T X4 or UltraTrak100 TX8 ex ternal disk array sy stem. UltraTrak100 provides data storage solutions for appl ications w here fault tolera nce and data r edundancy are required. T he failur e of any si ngle driv e will not a ffect data integrity or acces sibility of th[...]

UltraTrak100 TX4 and UltraTrak10 0 TX8 User Manual 2 F EATURES AND B ENEFITS Feature Benefit Max imum faul t toler ance Ensures uninter rupted data availa bility Supports RAI D levels 0, 1, 3, 5, 0+1, and JBOD Allows s ystem to be t uned for maximum perf ormance Emulat es standard SCSI -3 dri ve to hos t Compatible with al l SCSI-3 or SCSI-2/ LVD h[...]

3 G ETTING S TARTED Caution To prevent serious damage to the UltraTrak100 be sure that the voltage- select switc h on the back of the power supply is set t o your loc al voltage (see Figure 2 on page 5). Getting start ed with th e UltraTr ak100 cons ist of the fo llowing steps: 1. Unpack UltraT rak100 stor age sub system (page 3). 2. Install Har d [...]

UltraTrak100 TX4 and UltraTrak10 0 TX8 User Manual 4 Before inst alling a new hard dr ive, be sure the jumper s on th e new hard dr ives are set for singl e or master operati on. Consult the drive man ual for the proper settings. Install new hard drive s into the UltraTrak10 0 by doing the follow ing: 1. Open the Fron t Panel Door on the Ultr aTrak[...]

5 C ONNECTING THE SCSI C ABLE S Installation of the Ultr aTrak10 0 disk arr ay is very s imilar to th e installati on of a standard SCSI drive. The SCS I connector a ccepts the standard 68-p in LVD SCSI connector u sed on most LVD SC SI devices. Ref er to your sy stem and/or SC SI host adapter manual f or additi onal instal lation pr ocedures th at[...]

UltraTrak100 TX4 and UltraTrak10 0 TX8 User Manual 6 (the one w hich is atta ched to the SC SI adapter) to t he top connector, a nd place an LVD SC SI active ter minator on th e other conn ector. An LVD SCSI active term inator is in cluded w ith UltraTrak 100 disk arr ay unit. • If the array is to be p laced in t he middle of a daisy-c hained c o[...]

7 device has a unique SC SI ID and that on ly the first and la st devices are terminated. (Se e SCSI Cable Connection an d Terminatio n on pag e 5). Computer or Workstation Ultr aTrak100 TX4 UltraTrak100 TX4 An other SCSI Device Terminator WIDE S C SI SCSI ID COM2 Fig ure 4. D aisy C haini ng Ult raTr ak100 w ith Ot her S CSI De vices C ONNECT P OW[...]

UltraTrak100 TX4 and UltraTrak10 0 TX8 User Manual 8 C ONFIGUR E THE U LTRA T RAK 100 The configura tion pro cedures f or both the U ltraTrak100 T X4 and Ultr aTrak100 TX8 are ex actly the sa me. The follow ing procedures provide t he basi c steps needed to cre ate an arr ay and get your U ltraTrak1 00 running quickly. Be fore beginning, y ou need [...]

9 Note If you wish to make a RAID 0+1 array using 4, 6, or 8 drives you need to choose RAID 1 (mirroring) and then follow the steps below to create the array. 9. Press SEL to as sign Stripe Block Si ze . 64KB is the opt imum v alue for mos t application s. Choos ing the pro per Stripe Bloc k Size faci litates eff icient data flow. Y ou might want t[...]

UltraTrak100 TX4 and UltraTrak10 0 TX8 User Manual 10 For the Gigaby te Boundary feature to w ork, the Giga byte Boundary feature mu st be set to ON when th e original array is created. W hen enable d, the Gigaby te Boundary featur e rounds the driv e capacity of all dr ives to th e common w hole GB drive size. For exampl e, with t he Gigabyte Bou [...]

11 Recommended Applications for RAID 1 • Accounting • Payroll • Financial • Any application requ iring v ery high availa bility RAID 3 A dvantages Disadvantages High Read data transf er rate Disk failure has an insi gnifi c ant impact on throughput Parity drive can become bott l eneck if a lot of writes are occurring Recommended A pplicatio[...]

UltraTrak100 TX4 and UltraTrak10 0 TX8 User Manual 12 JBOD Characteristics/ A dvantages Disadvantages Uses 100% capacit y of all hard drives The failure of just one drive w ill result in all data in an array being lost Should not be used in mission critical environments Recommended Applications for JBOD • File archiving • General fileserver HOT[...]

13 M AI N TE N AN C E D RIVE S TA TUS I NDICATORS As show n in the figure b elow, each drive h as three status LE Ds. Figure 5. Location of Drive St atus Indic ators (T X4 show n) M EANING OF S TA T US I NDICATORS Indicat or Color Meanin g Power Off No disk drive power – power off or no disk install ed. Green Disk power on. Status Green Norm al A[...]

UltraTrak100 TX4 and UltraTrak10 0 TX8 User Manual 14 A non-fault toler ant array goes "offl ine" when a drive i s remo ved or fails. Since the array is not f ault tolerant, the d ata stored in the array is no lo nger accessib le. If the drive w as removed, th en it sho uld be repla ced to restore access ibility to t he array. If the driv[...]

15 Reconstru ction begin s automa tically as soon a s a replace ment drive become s available t o the array. H owever, if th e replacement drive was former ly part of another array, t hen the previous arr ay information mu st be deleted (from th e replacement drive – se e page 29, “D elete Array ”, for more de tails) before reconstructi on be[...]

UltraTrak100 TX4 and UltraTrak10 0 TX8 User Manual 16 9. Insert screw s through the holes in the Drive Carrier and into the bottom of the new hard drive. Tight en each s crew; be careful not t o over tight en. 10. Slide the as sembled Drive Car rier back into the U ltraTrak100 and lock th e Drive Carrier lock. Connect Power Cable to the Disk Drive [...]

17 Caution Risk of electrical shock. When either power supply module is removed from the chassis, AC power is access ible at the circuitry in the power supply chassis. Only trained and qualified personnel should remove the power supplies. SCS I-I N SCS I-OUT /TE R M COM- 1 O I 115 O I 115 O I SCSI Connect or Input SCSI Connect or Output /Ter m inat[...]

UltraTrak100 TX4 and UltraTrak10 0 TX8 User Manual 18 U LTRA T RA K 100 F RONT P ANE L I NTERF ACE The front panel interface for the U ltraTrak100 consist of follow ing items: ARRAY SCSI BUS UltraTrak10 0 TX4 EXIT SEL Type of Interface Name Comments LED Indicat o rs Array Activi t y Indic ator SCSI Bus Activity Indica tor Liquid Cryst al Displ ay M[...]

19 T HE LCD M ESSAGES The UltraT rak100 LCD messa ge display panel h as the following modes of operation: • Idle mode • Error m ode • Configuration mode Idle Mode Provides an error message Error Mode View Status Configure Array Configure Cache Configure SCSI Configuratio n Mode I DLE M ODE The Idle mode mess age, such as shown below , is disp[...]

UltraTrak100 TX4 and UltraTrak10 0 TX8 User Manual 20 The first line of the I dle mode menu will displ ay one of th e follow ing status messages: • Array Function al The array is fully operationa l, and no proble ms are present. • Array Critica l The array is o perational, but h as lost its fault to lerance. For RAID array l evels 1, 3 and, 5 t[...]

21 View St atus Cache Memory Si ze Cache Bloc k Size Cache Read Hit Cache W rit e Hit View Cache Stats Array x Size RAID x Stat us View Array Information Temperature Fan 1 Status Fan 2 Status Fan 3 Status Fan 4 Status View E n cl osure Mem o r y S ize Hardware Rev Firmware Rev View Controll er I n fo V IEW S TA T US M ENU The View Status menu al lo[...]

UltraTrak100 TX4 and UltraTrak10 0 TX8 User Manual 22 V IEW C ON TROL LER I NFORMAT ION The View Controller Infor m atio n mode disp lays Ultr aTrak100 firmware rev ision, memory size, and hardw are rev ision: Memory Size: 1 6 MB Hardwa re Rev : PDC20265 Where t he valu es show n are si mply ex amples. Firmware R ev: V1.00 B 00 Pres s or to move th[...]

23 V IEW A RRAY I NFORMA TION The View Array Information mode disp lays the arr ay ID, array size, RAID level and array status ( Functional, Criti cal, Offline, Rebu ilding and Sy nchroniz ing). If these modes of display require more than 2 line s to display infor m ation t he up and dow n keys will b e used to scroll th e display . T he Arra y ID [...]

UltraTrak100 TX4 and UltraTrak10 0 TX8 User Manual 24 Provi des a li s t o f i nstal led di sk dri ves. Conf i gure A r ra y Creat e/Cancel Au to Arra y S e tu p Provi des a li s t o f i nstal led di sk dri ves. View D ri ve Assi gnm ents RA ID Level St r ip e Bl ock Si ze GB Boundary Add/Rem ove Dri ves Save Changes D efine Array Provi des a li s [...]

25 C ONFIGURE A RR AY The Configur e Array menu w ill allow the crea tion and de letion of arr ays. The configure array menu con tains the follow ing sub me nus: Auto Ar ray Set up View Dri ve Assi g nme nt s Defin e Ar ray Delet e Ar ray Advan ced Featur e Pres s or to move thes e items on the LCD. What y ou can do: Pres s SEL : Selects one of t h[...]

UltraTrak100 TX4 and UltraTrak10 0 TX8 User Manual 26 You w ill see the following message if a ll of the driv es are alr eady conf igured: No Free Dis k What y ou can do: Pres s SEL : Pressin g SEL will sav e the array . Pres s : Does nothing. Pres s : Does nothing. Pres s EXIT : Press EXIT to canc el this funct ion and return t o the Configure A r[...]

27 D EFINE A RRAY The Define Arr ay menu def ines array param eters for the selected array. An array number is s elected by using th e up/dow n key to sele ct the ar ray numb er field. T he SEL key is the n used to select array number 1-4. The parameter t o be configured, R AID Level or Stri pe Block size, i s then sel ected with up/dow n keys. Onc[...]

UltraTrak100 TX4 and UltraTrak10 0 TX8 User Manual 28 S TRIPE B LOCK S IZE The Stripe Bloc k Size men u allow s you to select a Stripe Block Size betw een 4KB and 64KB: 4KB 8KB 16KB … 64KB Pres s or to move thes e items on the LCD. What y ou can do: Pres s SEL : Select s one of t he acti ve St ri pe Block S ize: Pres s : Moves the acti ve mess ag[...]

29 A DD /R EMOVE D RIVES The Add/Rem ove Drives menu assigns and r emoves driv es from array s. All free drives are di splayed as one dr ive per line forma t. The SEL key toggle s the drive between free and assig ned. A ssigned driv es are de signated by displaying Assigned and free drives are designat ed by disp laying Free . 1 MAXTO R Free 2 IBM [...]

UltraTrak100 TX4 and UltraTrak10 0 TX8 User Manual 30 A DVANCED F EATURE Wipe out dis k Synchr onize Arra y Disabl e Buzzer Rebu ild/Sync Pri. Pres s or to move thes e items on the LCD. What y ou can do: Pres s SEL : Selects one of t he following act ive functions: Wipe out dis k M oves the dis pl ay to the Wipe out disk menu. Synchr onize Arra y M[...]

31 S YNCHRONIZE A RRAY The Synchroniz e Array men u allows the user to synchronize the d ata on each drive. Synchr onization is a mai ntenance procedure for fault tolerant arrays (RAID 1, 0+1, 3 a nd 5) to mai ntain data co nsistency on al l drives. T o synchroniz e the array, go to th e Configuration menu and se lect Configure Array ; then se lect[...]

UltraTrak100 TX4 and UltraTrak10 0 TX8 User Manual 32 Configure Ca che Wr it e B a ck Wr it e T h r u Wr i te Cache C ONFIGURE C AC H E The Configur e Cache menu w ill allow the setting o f cache pa rameters. The following parameter is set in th e Configure Cache m enu: Write Ca che What y ou can do: Pres s SEL : Selects one of t he following act i[...]

33 Configure S CSI ID LUN Mode List SCSI ID s 0 thru 15 to be select ed from . SCSI ID C ONFIGURE SCSI The Configur e SCSI menu w ill allow the setting of SCSI para meters. The fo llowing parameters are set in the conf igure SCSI men u: Mode SCSI I D What y ou can do: Pres s SEL : Selects one of t he following act ive functions: Mode Move the dis p[...]

UltraTrak100 TX4 and UltraTrak10 0 TX8 User Manual 34 When using ID mod e, if you h ave multipl e arrays w ithin an UltraTrak10 0 unit, eac h array w ill use a separ ate SCSI ID. W hen using LUN mo de, each U ltraTrak10 0 unit will use a single SCSI ID , with the fir s t array being LUN 0, the sec ond array be ing LUN1, etc. Ena ble Multiple LUN su[...]

35 C ONTA CTIN G P ROMISE S UPPO RT Promise Tech nical Suppor t provides severa l support option s for Promise u s ers to access in formation an d updates. W e encourage y ou to use o ne of our electronic services, w hich provide produ c t informatio n updates for th e most eff icient service and support. If you decid e to contact us, p lease hav e[...]

UltraTrak100 TX4 and UltraTrak10 0 TX8 User Manual 36 Pacific Rim Sales Offi ce E-mail Support support@prom ise.com.tw Fax Technical Support +886 3 578 23 90 Attention: Technical Support Phone Technical Support +886 3 578 23 95 9:00-5:30pm Taiwan Time If you wish to write us for support: Promise Technology, Inc. Attn: Tec hnical Support 2F, No. 30,[...]

37 L IMIT ED W ARR ANT Y Promise Tech nology, In c. (Promise T echnology ) warrants that for tw o (2) years from the t ime of the d elivery of the product to the original end user: a. the product w ill conform to Pro mise Techn ology’s specificat ions; b. the product w ill be free from defect s in material and w orkmanship under normal use a nd s[...]

UltraTrak100 TX4 and UltraTrak10 0 TX8 User Manual 38 reprogramming , or reprod ucing of pr ograms or da ta stored i n or used with t he products, or f or any other gen eral, specia l, conseq uential, in direct, incidental, or punitive da mages, w hether in contr act, tort, or otherw ise, notw ithstanding the failure of the essent ial purpose of th[...]

39 R ETURNING P RODUCT F OR R EPAIR (US A & C AN AD A ) If you susp ect a product is no t w orking properly, or if you hav e any quest ions about your pro duct, conta ct our T echnical S upport Departme nt through one of o ur technical services. You may reach our T echnical Support D epartment a s follow s: • Call us at (408) 452- 1180 • E-[...]

UltraTrak100 TX4 and UltraTrak10 0 TX8 User Manual 40 Y OUR R ESPONSIBILITIES You are respon sible for deter mining w hether the prod uct is appropriat e for your use and w ill interfac e with y our equipme nt without malfuncti on or damage. Y ou are also r esponsibl e for backi ng up your data bef ore installing any product and for regularly ba ck[...]

41 A PPEND IX A - T ECHNO LOGY B A C KGROUND I NTRODUCTION TO RA ID RAID (Redund ant Array of Ind ependent Disk s) allows multipl e hard drives to be combined to gether to form one large log ical driv e or “array.” As far as the operating system is concerned , the array repre s ents a single storage dev ice, and treats it as such. The RAID sof [...]

UltraTrak100 TX4 and UltraTrak10 0 TX8 User Manual 42 RA ID 1 – M IRRORING When a disk array is mirrored, identical d ata is wr itten to a pa ir of drives, w hile reads are perfor m ed in parallel . The reads are perf ormed using el evator seek and load balanc ing techniques w here the workload is distribute d in the mo st efficient manner. W h i[...]

43 RA ID 0+1 – S TRIPING /M IRRO R Striping/mirrori ng combin es both of t he previous array ty pes. It ca n increase performance by reading a nd writing data in parallel while pr otecting d ata with duplication . At least four drive s are needed for RAID 0+1 to be installed. W ith a four-drive dis k array, driv e pairs are striped toge ther with[...]

UltraTrak100 TX4 and UltraTrak10 0 TX8 User Manual 44 RA ID 3 – B LOCK S TRIPING WITH P AR I T Y D RIVE RAID level 3 organizes data a c ross the phy sical dr ives of th e array, and s tores parity inform ation on to a drive dedi cated to thi s purpo se. This organiz ation allow s increased p erformance by a ccessing mul tiple drives simultan eous[...]

45 RA ID 5 – B LOCK AND P ARI TY S TRIPING RAID 5 is similar to RAID 3 as described a bove ex cept that the pari ty data is rotated acr oss the phys ical dr ives alo ng with the bl ock data. Having the parity data striped across all the phy si cal driv es in this man ner remov e s the rando m write performance b ottleneck of RAI D 3. The tota l c[...]

UltraTrak100 TX4 and UltraTrak10 0 TX8 User Manual 46 JBOD (S PANNING ) In a Spanning array, the disk a rray capacity is e qual to the sum of all drives, even if the drives are of differ ent capacitie s. Spanning stores data onto a drive until it is completely filled the n proceed s to store dat a on to the nex t drive in the array. There are no pe[...]

47 Appendix B - Frequently Asked Questions This se ction list s frequently asked questio ns involving pre- installation, drive issues, in stallation, and post-instal lation. Q. What kind of h ard drives ca n I use for an UltraTrak1 00 array ? A. You can u se any Ultra ATA/10 0, Ultra ATA/33/66, or EIDE h a rd drive(s) to create arrays on the Ultr a[...]

UltraTrak100 TX4 and UltraTrak10 0 TX8 User Manual 48 Q. Why can’t I see the drives o n the UltraTrak100 under FDISK? A. If you have not created a n array, the physica l drive(s) at tached to th e UltraTrak100 card w ill not be r ecognized by the o perating system. T he UltraTrak100 controller is dedi c ated to RAID array ma nagement and does not[...]