Star Micronics NX-15 manual

USERS MANU AL[...]

Federal Communications Commission Radio Fr uency Interference %tatement This equipment generates and uses radio frequency energy and if not installed and used properly, that is, in strict accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions, may cause in- terference to radio and television reception. It has been type tested and found to comply with th[...]

Table Chapter 1 Setting Locating of Contents Up Your Printer 1 the printer Check the carton contents Removing the printer cover Removing the packing tube Installing the ribbon cartridge Installing the interface board Chapter 2 Getting to Know Your Printer 7 Controls and parts of the printer Parts of the printer Controls and indicators Extra functio[...]

— Chapter 3 Using the Printer with Commercial 21 Software Using commercial software Word processing with the printer General concepts The escape code The master reset code Using Near Letter Quality (NLQ) Getting the most from your print choices Using the printer with EasyWriter II Redefining pitch settings and print control codes A sample printou[...]

55 Chapter5 Formatting Text Lines and line spacing Starting a new line Reverse line feeds Changing the line spacing Moving down the page without a carriage return Page control Form feed Reverse form feed Changing the page length Top and bottom margins Setting left and right margins Horizontal and vertical tabs Horizontal tabs One-time horizontal ta[...]

I Chapter 7 Chapter 8 Appendix A Appendix B Appendix C Appendix D Appendix E Appendix F Download Characters and Dot 97 Graphics Dot matrix printing Designing your own characters Defining proportional characters Designing your own NLQ characters User-designed Dot Graphics Higher resolution graphics More graphics programming tips Redefining alternate[...]

Appendix G Serial Interface Specifications 191 Configuring the serial interface The serial protocols Serial busy protocols XON/XOFF protocol ACK protocol Index 196[...]

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CHAPTER 1 SETTING UP YOUR PRINTER Subjects covered in Chapter 1 include– ● Choosing a suitable place for your printer ● Unpacking . Setting up LOCATING THE PRINTER Give some thought to the best place to put the printer. Both the printer and computer should be used in normal office sur- roundings. For best performance, we recommend: ● ● ?[...]

-–— 1 Figure 1-1. Check to make sure you have all four items: 1) printer, 2) paper guide, 3) ribbon cartridge, and 4) User’s manual. You should also have a parallel interface board to connect your computer to the printer. Also available are a parallel inter- face board with extra buffer memory and a serial interface board, both optional. (Mor[...]

I — 3 r -1 I I —~ Figure 1-2. Remo;e the printer cover by lifting carefully. ■ Removing the packing tube The printer is shipped with a protective spiral tube to keep the print head from being damaged during shipping. This tube must be removed before use. First, take off the printer cover. The protective tube is split along its bottom side to [...]

4 ■ Installing the ribbon cartridge This printer uses a neat, easy-to-change ribbon cartridge with automatic threading. To fit or change the ribbon cartridge: 1. Turn o~~ the power and remove the printer cover. 2. Slide the print head gently to the center of the printer. Warning: The print head gets hot during operation, so let it cool off before[...]

!3 ~—-..-.–. print head guide ibbon L———....—. ] , 1 J Figure 1-5. To thread the ribbon, slide the print head carriage manually to the right or left, and the ribbon will slip down by itself into its proper position. 7. Replace the printer cover. (A switch on the printer prevents the printer from operating when the cover is off.) 9 Insta[...]

6 ~igure 1-6. I terface board ~ Slide the I/F board into the slot.[...]

CHAPTER 2 GETTING TO KNOW YOUR PRINTER Subjects covered in Chapter 2 include– ● Parts of the printer — what they’re for and how to use them . Paper selection and loading . Adjustment ● Testing printer operation CONTROLS AND PARTS OF THE PRINTER H Parts of the printer PRINTER COVER – This protects the ribbon and the print head from dust [...]

8 1 I ! I Power switch Figu;e 2-1. _.J Front and rear views of the printer. INTERFACE COVER – On the back of the printer, this cover conceals and protects the interface board. The cover is cut away to expose the external connector to which you attach your computer cable.[...]

1- 9 —— 9 Controls and indicators Now let’s go over the controls and indicators of the printer, starting with the control panel on the right. There are nine in- dicators and five keys on the control panel. ,,------ ! I I L.. . .—.–- .. .. . . . . ---- . . . .---- ..4 Figure 2-2. The control panel. POWER INDICATOR – Glows green when the [...]

I 10 ■ Extra functions There are eleven more functions that are not directly specified on the control panel. You can access six of them by pressing one particular key when you turn on the power; five others are activated by pressing two control keys at once. For details, please refer to the end of next chapter. ■ Other controls There are other [...]

11 h – The second setting is for normal single sheets. & – The third is for sprocket-feed paper. # – The bottom one is used when you want to release the paper completely to adjust it. The paper bail holds the paper against the platen according to ‘the setting of the release lever. The bail is opened when the release lever is in the top [...]

1 ,> Sliding adjuster Sheet guide Figure 2-4. Raise the paper guide for load~ng sin~le sheets. 3. 4. 5. L ‘1 Paper guide J Insert the guide stand in the notches provided for it and prop up the paper guide. Position the adjuster at the triangle marked on the guide for standard margins, or set it according to your own requirements. Set the relea[...]

13 6. 7. 8. 9. ~---- ! ~ Align a sheet of paper on the guide along the adjuster. Turn on the power switch. (The Paper Empty in- dicator will glow because there is no paper.) Now set the release lever to the auto-feed setting – the top position. The printer will advance the paper automatically. When the paper stops, set the release lever for singl[...]

— 14 1. Turn on the printer and set the release lever for sprocket-feed paper. 2. If the paper guide is installed, remove it, and put it aside for a moment. 3. Place a stack of fan-fold paper behind the printer. 4. Open the sprocket covers, on the right and left sprocket units, as shown in Figure 2-7. r- 1 L. Figure 2-7. Open the sprocket covers [...]

I — 15 ~ –—- “-- ““1 L ——... —-—– Figure 2-8. correctly. Close the sprocket covers when the paper is positioned L.—— —--- Figure 2-91 Ready to load the sprocket-feed paper. Note the rever~ ed position of the paper guide.[...]

16 ADJUSTING THE PRINT HEAD The distance between the print head and the platen must be adjusted to accommodate papers of different thicknesses. To make this adjustment, move the adjustment lever, which is under the printer cover and immediately in front of the release Release lever $ Adjustment lever 4 & F 0 -“ — —. . . -— Figure 2-1[...]

17 lever (Figure 2-10). Pulling the adjustment lever towards you will. wicle~ tkie gap; pushing it away from you will narrow the ,-- .--, ,%a. $l. ‘~~ere are four positions; you can feel the lever clicking into the various notches. The first step (shown) is the one most com- mordy used for single sheets of paper. Try different positions until you[...]

18 You can print the self-test without hooking up the printer to your computer. Simply: 1. Plug in the printer (don’t turn it on yet). 2. Insert a sheet of paper (or sprocket paper, either one). ‘3. While holding down one of the following keys, turn on the power switch: Paper Feed key – Self-test 1 (long) On Line key – Self-test 2 (short) W[...]

19 1. Make sure that both your computer and printer are turned off. 2. Connect the printer end of the interface cable to the connector socket at the right rear of the printer as shown in Figure 2-12. 3. Connect the other end of the cable to your computer as described in the computer manual.[...]

I 20 MEMO —[...]

CHAPTER 3 USING THE PRINTER WITH COMMERCIAL SOFTWARE Subjects covered in Chapter 3 include– ● Using commercial software ● Controlling the printer with the Panel mode USING COMMERCIAL SOFTWARE Many of you purchased this printer to use with commercial software. You made a good choice because this printer is com- patible with most commercial pro[...]

22 With these questions answered, you are ready to start print- ing. Read the manual that came with your commercial software and the next Chapter to see how to make it send information for this printer to print. This is all you need to know to use this printer as a regular printer. But this printer isn’t just a regular printer. This printer has m[...]

23 standard text entry mode in order to accept the special printer function codes. WordStar uses the CONTROL key in different ways to define the print function codes. EasyWriter II has a system function which allows you to define print pitches and special print functions for use with the ALT key. Your word processing User Manual (if it supports thi[...]

24 values defined by their respective DIP switch settings. We suggest you get in the habit of using the master reset code in any document where you use function codes. If you do not, the printer will keep the most recently defined characteristics, and print any following documents the same way. YOU could turn your printer off each time (which also [...]

25 USING THE PRINTER WITH EASYWRITER II (Note: If you have not read the “General Concepts” section in this chapter, you should do so before continuing.) This printer can be used with most of the standard print func- tions available with your EasyWriter II word processing pro- gram. These functions require no special adjustments to the printer o[...]

EasyWriter II program. Before making any changes in the printer driver, you should first check to be sure the printer selec- tion is set for printer Type B (Option 7 on the System Functions menu.) Then follow the instructions in Appendix B of your EasyWriter II User’s Manual to reconfigure Type B printers. To become more familiar with the reconfi[...]

27 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. [10 ] [10] [12 ] [12 ] (17 ] [17 ] [1 ] [1 ] [2 ] [10 ] [3 ] [3 ] [120] [120] [120] [120] [120] [120] [120] [120] [ 18 27 80 [ 18 27 77 [ 15 [ 27 120 1 [ 27 120 0 [ 27 64 [ [ [ Thecodes 120inlines 23through 26canbe changedtoreflect more pitch settings. We recommend that until you are more familiar with usi[...]

— 28 print function assigned to each control key. Table 3-1 shows the current control function, the print function we will assign to it and the keyboard keys used. Table 3-1 EasyWriter II control keys EasyWriter II Function ‘ New function Keys used Boldface Boldface ALT & B Shadow Italic ALT & S Underline Underline ALT & — Double [...]

1- 29 ample below shows the use of expanded and italic prints used in combination with condensed and pica pitch settings. Use your EasyWriter II program hands-on and type the example below. ‘SUBJECT : ORDERING STATIONERY SUPPLIES I would like to place an order for stationery supplies from your mail order catalog. Enclosed is my order form and a c[...]

I 30 example; you should be able to apply most of the function codes to the setup used here. ■ Redefining your own print pitches If you want to define a new print pitch (Edit Pitch Table), enter your function code to choose the print you want. For example, if you find yourself frequently using italic print for large blocks of text in pica pitch, [...]

31 4. Select and print variable information for merge letters, etc. ■ User-defined print commands There are several CONTROL-P (-P) commands that ‘automatically work with this printer and require no changes. They include: ‘PS Underscore ‘PB Boldface ‘PD Double-strike ‘PX Strikeout IPT Superscript ‘PV Subscript PC Print Pause It is also[...]

I If you do change several of the things listed in the /Print menu, Lotus 1-2-3 will remember the selections that you have made and use them each time you print the spreadsheet. They are even saved with the spreadsheet so that they will be the same the next time that you use the spreadsheet. You can specify the range to print in all the normal ways[...]

33 with the date to the left, a title in the center, and a page number to the right, the header might look like this: And, on August 12, 1986, the results might look like this: 12-.41J13-86 Spreadsheet. Tit le Page 1 Another of the selections under options is Setup. This selec- tion allows you to create a setup string that will be sent to the print[...]

— 34 Selection of any of the Panel Modes at power-on ensures that your choices remain in effect until you turn the power off. This means that the printer will ignore any codes sent by the soft- ware that you are using. The Panel Modes allow selection of the following printing attributes: Key Type of Panel mode Mode Print quality (draft or NLQ) Pr[...]

I — 35 More than one attribute may be set in this way. For example, if you wish to set both print pitch and print quality, press BOTH the PRINT PITCH and power, and after the ON selections as necessary. MODE keys when turning on the LINE indicator glows, make further ADVANCED PANEL FUNCTIONS The printer has the capability to do some basic formatt[...]

1. Set the Off Line mode by pressing the On Line key. 2. While holding down the On Line key, press oneof the following keys. Paper Feed key – Forward micro-feed TOF key – Reverse micro-feed 3. When you can set the print start position, release the Paper Feed key or the TOF key first, then release the On Line key. ■ Setting the top of form Whe[...]

CHAPTER 4 PRINTING WITH BASIC Subjects covered in Chapter 4 include– ● ● ● ● ● ● ● Listing BASIC programs on the printer How a program prints things Control codes, escape codes, and command syn- tax Selecting the right software mode Near letter quality (NLQ) characters Fixed and proportional character spacing Special printing– Pri[...]

38 easiest operations one can do, but even they may depend on what computer you have. In Microsoft BASIC, we can list all the steps in a program by entering LIST. This lists them on the CRT screen; if we want to print them on a printer, we prefix the command with an L (enter LLIST). Th’e Microsoft BASIC command for outputting information is PRINT[...]

39 Taken together, these numbers and their meanings make up the ASCII code (pronounced ask-key), which stands for the American Standard Code for Information Interchange. There are ASCII codes for all the letters of the alphabet (upper case and lower case), O to 9, most punctuation marks, and some (but not all) of the functions of the printer. There[...]

40 That’s the printer’s bell (we call it that even though it sounds like a buzzer). We’ll learn more about it in later – we just wanted to show you a control code that would get your attention right away! There are four common ways of referring to a control code: the name of the code or its abbreviation, the decimal ASCII value, the hexadec[...]

1- 41 numbers is called an escape sequence. ■ A note on command syntax Because the readers of this manual will be running such a wide variety of applications on so many different computers, we can’t show the exact way of sending codes to the printer for each one of them. Instead, as we introduce you to each new com- mand, we will show the comma[...]

42 must make sure that you’ve set the DIP switches properly. The rest of this manual discuss the various control codes to control this printer. You’ll find that many features have dif- ferent codes for either the Standard mode or the IBM mode. The Standard Mode emulates the Epson FX-85 printer. The IBM’Mode emulates the IBM Graphics printer. [...]

switch while holding the Mode key down on the control panel, set the NLQ mode with the Mode key while in the Off Line mode. Then run the program again. You should get like this: This 1 i ne shows NEAR LETTER QUALITY! This 1 ine shows standard print . As you can see, now the printout only contains NLQ characters. This is because we set the printer t[...]

AA Here is what you should get: In this program, line 20 turns italic on with (ESC) “4”, and line 40 turns italic off with (ESC) “5”. Now, set the “Italic Panel” mode, as described in Chapter 3, then run the program again. You should get like this: As you can see, this time the printer ignored the control codes to set or cancel italic c[...]

45 In this program underline is turned on in line 20 with (ESC) << –“ 1, and then off in line 40 with (ESC) “-” O. There’s a new aspect to this program, though. The semicolons at the end of the first three lines told BASIC that those lines were to be con- tinued. Therefore, BASIC didn’t send a carriage return and line feed at the [...]

— 46 Here line 30 turns on superscripts with (ESC) “S” O. It’s turn- ed off in line 50 with (ESC) “T”. Then between printing text, subscripts are turned on in line 70 with (ESC) “S” 1, and finally off in line 90. Again, everything prints on one line because of the semicolons. CHANGING THE PRINT PITCH In “printer talk,” the numbe[...]

1- 47 the line at 12 characters per inch. The (ESC) “P” in line 40 resets the printer to pica pitch and line 50 prints the line in pica pitch. ~ Expanded print Each of the print pitches can be enlarged to twice its normal width. This is called expanded print. Try this program to see how it works: 10 ‘ Demo of expanded print. 20 LPRINT “Demo[...]

48 Now the results look like this: When you turn on expanded print with (ESC) “W” 1 it stays on until you turn it off with (ESC) “W” O. Table 4-6 Expanded print commands Function Control code One line expanded ON CHR$(14) or (ESC)CHR$(14) One line expanded OFF CHR$(20) Expanded ON (ESC) “W” 1 Expanded OFF (ESC) “W” O ■ Condensed p[...]

49 Table 4-7 Condensed print commands Function Control code Condensed ON CHR$(15) or (ESC) CHR$(15) Condensed OFF CHR$(18) By combining expanded print and condensed print with the two pitches, this printer has eight different character widths available. Enter this program to see how the print pitches, expanded print and condensed print can be combi[...]

50 ■ Proportional printing Have you ever looked closely at the printingin books and magazines? Doesn’t it look nice? The main reason is that each character is givenan amount of space proportional to its actual width. A typewriter (and most printers), on the other hand, give every character the same amount of space, no matter how wide it is. (Pi[...]

51 When you run this program you should get this: Line 20 selects the elite pitch and line 40 turns on the propor- tional printing with (ESC) “p” 1. Line 50 prints a line with pro- portional elite pitch. Then, line 60 selects the pica pitch, so that line 70 prints a line with proportional pica pitch. Finally, line 80 resets the proportional pri[...]

— 52 10 ‘ Demo of boldface and emphasized 20 LPRINT CHR$(27);’’G”; 30 LPRINT “This line is 40 LPRINT CHR$(27);’’E”; 50 LPRINT “This line is 60 LPRINT CHR$(27);’’H”; 70 LPRINT “This line is 80 LPRINT CHR$(27);’’F”; 90 LPRINT “This line is 100 END BOLDFACE printing.” BOLDFACE and EMPHASIZED.” EMPHASIZED printin[...]

I — Here, the value of n defines the print style to be selected. The value of n can range from O to 255, which is the range of values that can be stored in one eight-bit byte. If you look at each bit in this byte, you’ll find that each one represents a printing style variation. Adding the binary values of the selected bits gives the value of n [...]

Summa-y notes 1) Pica is the default pitch and is active when Elite is turned off . 2) When two modes conflict, the one of lesser priority bit- wise is cancelled. For example, Condensed and Emphasiz- ed can not be printed at the same time, printing is Em- phasized. 3) Elite cancels Emphasized. 4) Underline, Expanded and Italics modes combine with a[...]

CHAPTER 5 FORMATTING TEXT Subjects covered in Chapter 5 include– ● The carriage return and line feed Q The amount of space between lines c Moving to the next page . The number of lines on a printed page . Horizontal and vertical tabs ● Setting margins — left, right, top and bottom ● Centering and aligning Chapter 4 showed us the basic tec[...]

56 Line feed is more complicated. Each time the printer receives a CHR$(1O) it both advances the paper one line and returns the print head to the left margin, ready to start a new line. Now to add a ittle confusion – most (but not all) versions of BASIC add a line feed (CHR$(1O)) to every carriage return ‘(CHR$(13)) they receive. If your versio[...]

1 57 NEW 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 ‘ Demo of line spacing FOR 1=1 TO 25 IF 1=13 THEN 60 LPRINT CHR$(27) ;’’A’’;CHR$(I) ; LPRINT “THIS LINE SPACING IS SET TO”;I NEXT I LPRINT “LINE SPACING IS SET TO 1/6 INCH (NORMAL).” LPRINT CHR$(27);”2” END This is whatyouwill.get:[...]

Line 40 changes the line spacing. The command (ESC) “A” CHR$(n) changes the line spacing to n/72 of an inch. The loop that is started in line 20 increases the value of n (the variable I in this program) each time it is executed. So the line spacing in- creases as the program continues. Line 30 just shortcuts the loop’ when I = 13, since BASIC[...]

59 I II .:,. +m . ..;. -- , .+ , ..- ; . . “,. : : ..., :?. . ,. ,.::! -. .,” .., ,,, ..,, . . ,. ,,, ., “. “’ ..- , ,,2 ., ! w: ., ..., . ..,7 L,. :[ I’dli. 1..., :[ i.1~ $[::, (+(: ( INLIFIPIAL... ) . The program works just the same as before, but the line spac- ings are just one-third what they were. This is because (ESC) “3” CH[...]

60 30 LPRINT “LINE NUMBER 2.“ ; 40 ‘ One-t i me line feed !50 LPRI NT CHR$( 27 ) ; “J” ; CHR$( 1O(J ); 60 LPRl NT “LINE NUMBER s . “ 70 LPRI NT “L1 NE NUMBER 4. “ 80 END Here is what your printer will produce: The (ESC) “J” CHR$(1OO) in line 50 changes the spacing to 100/216 inches for one line only without moving the printhea[...]

61 ■ Form feed The simplest forms control code is the@wz feed. Form feed (or (FF)) is CHR$(12) and causes the printer to move the paper to the top of the next sheet. Try it by changing lines 40 and 50 to this: 40 ‘ form feed 50 LPRI NT (;HR$ ( I z ) ; Before you run the program, turn your printer off and adjust the paper so that the top of the [...]

62 Table 5-3 Form feed commands Function Control code Advance paper to top of next page CHR$(12) Reverse paper to top of current page (ESC) CHR$(12) ■ Changing the page length You may have some computer forms that are not 11 inches high. That’s no problem, because you can tell your printer how high the forms are that you are using. There are tw[...]

63 TOP AND BOTTOM MARGINS Some programs don’t keep track of where they are printing on the page. This causes problems when you get to the bottom of a page because these programs just keep on printing, right ‘over the perforation. This makes it very hard to read, especially if a line happens to fall right on the perforation. The printer has a so[...]

I 64 When you run this program it will print 150 lines right down the page and across the perforations. When it’s done line 110 sends a form feed to advance to the top of the next page. Now add the following lines to your program. (Don’t forget the semicolons or you won’t get quite the same results that we did.) 20 ‘ Leave 6 blank 1 ines at[...]

I — 65 [ o —- 0 0 0 0 0 -------- —------ TH19 1S LINE 1 THIS IS LINE 2 THIS 1S LINE 7 Tkl 1 S 1 S 1. I NE ‘1 THIS IS L [NE 5 THIS IS 1- INE 6 THIS IS LINE 7 1141S 1S LINE 8 TFI 1 s IS L 1 NE 7 T ; THIS IS L I NE 50 0 [ ;:;: ;: ::;: :: . . [ TN] S I S L I NE 57 0 , Tt+IS 1S LINE 54 I THI 9 I S LINE 55 o! I o! ---7---- -- —-- —— ----- 0[...]

66 SETTING LEFT AND RIGHT MARGINS The left and right margins of this printer work just like a typewriter – once they are set all printing is done between them. You can set margins either by using the keys on the con- trol panel, as described in Chapter 3, or by escape commands. The commands to set the margins are given in the following table: Tab[...]

I 67 When you want to reset the margins to the default values, you have two choices. You can either turn the printer off and back on, or you can set margin values equal to the default values. This means that you should set a left margin of O and right margin of 136 in pica pitch. If you change the pitch of your printing after you set your margins, [...]

68 15 LPRINT CHR$(27) ; “D” ;CHR$(7) ;CHR$(14) ;CHR$(21 ) : CHR$(O ) (ESC) “D” is the command to begin setting horizontal tabs. It must be followed by characters representing the positions where you want the tabs set. In our program we are setting tabs in columns 7, 14, and 21. The final CHR$(0) ends the string of tabs. In fact, any charact[...]

69 Table 5-8 one-time horzontal tabs Function Control code One-time horizontal tab of n (ESC) “f” O CHR$(n) spaces Absolute horizontal tab (ESC) “$” CHR$(nl) CIIIl$(@ Relative horizontal tab (ESC) “” CHR$(nl) CHR$(n2) The first command in Table 5-8 moves the print head n col- umns to the right. It has the same effect as sending n space[...]

Table 5-9 Units of motion for the absolute and relative horizontal tab commands Print pitch Unit of motion Absolute tab command Relative tab command Pica pitch 1/60 inch 1/120 inch Elite pitch 1/72 inch 1/144 inch Condensed pica pitch 1/102 inch 1/204 inch Condensed elite pitch 1/120 inch 1/240 inch Try this program to see how this works. 10 ‘ De[...]

71 !j(’)LP~I.x’rCHR$ (n); ’’SFXNND TAJ3. ” (>ol.[)[<J N7’(;t-jR$ (I I); ’’THIRDTU3 .“’ 7[!LFy/lNT[}HR$ (I I); ’’F’OI.IRTHTAI3 .“ Now, let’s set some vertical tabs of our own. Add these lines to the program: 20 LPRI NT CHR$ (27) ; “B”; CHR$ ( 10) ; CHR.$ ( 15 ) ; 30 [.F’Ill NT W/$ (25) ; (:liR$ (30 ) ; Cl IR[...]

80 LPRINT CHR$(ll) ; “F’IFTH TAB. ” Now when you run the program the first page looks just like before, but line 80 sends one more (VT) than there are tabs. This doesn’t confuse the printer – it advances the paper to the next tab position, which happens to be the first tab position on the next page. There’s a one-time vertical tab comma[...]

73 Table 5-10 Vertical tab commands Function Control code Advance paper to next tab position CHR$(ll) Set vertical tabs at nl, n2, etc. (ESC) “B” CHR$(nl)CHR$(n2) .. .. . CHR$(0) Set vertical tabs every n lines (ESC) “e” 1 CHR$(n) One-time vertical tab (ESC) ‘<f>’ 1 CHR$(n) H Vertical tab channels Vertical tab channels are especia[...]

74 130 LPRINT CHR$(12); 140 NEXT I 150 LPRINT CHR$(27) ;”@” 160 END When you run this program the printout should look like this. rDF OF FORM 1ST T613 OF CH6NNEL 1 2ND TRB OF CHANNEL 1 I TOF OF FIIFOI 1ST T(AB OF CHANNEL 2 2ND TAB OF CH6NNEL 2 TOF OF FOWI 1ST T(W3 OF CHGNNEL 3 2ND TAR OF CHANNEL 3 Inthisprogram wesettabs atlOand 20inchannellin [...]

75 Table 5-12 Alignment commands lm_- _.: -- 1(=-- 4-.1 .--1 - 1 . ... . .. . 1 ,---, Try this program to see how easy it is. 10 ‘ Demo of a I igrl i ng and centering 20 I., PRINT CHR$ (27) ; “1“ ; ~:HR$ (20) ; 30 I, PRINT CHR.$ (27) ; “Q” ; CHR$ (60 ) ; 40 1.*PRI ?ir CHR.$ (27) ; “a”; CHW (0 ) ; 50 1., PRI NT “THIS L I NE I S LEF?[...]

76 MEMO[...]

CHAPTER 6 SPECIAL FEATURES OF THE PRINTER Subjects covered in Chapter 6 inckde- ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● Printer’s bell Master reset Uni-directional printing International character sets Printing BIG characters The optional sheet feeder Macro instruction Reading a hex dump In the previous chapters we have learned about several groups of co[...]

i 78 mind the operator to change the paper or to make other ad- justments to the printer. You can try this by typing: LPRINT CHR$(7) ■ Resetting the printer Up to now when we wanted to reset the printer to the power on condition we have had to either turn the printer off and on again, or to send the specific codes that reset the particular featur[...]

79 trol the paper-out detector, along with the other codes that we have just looked at are in the following table. Table 6-1 Some miscellaneous commands Function Control code Sound bell CHR$(7) Master rest (ESC) “@” Off line CHR$(19) On line CHR$(17) Paper-out detector off (ESC) “8” Paper-out detector on (ESC) “9” Move print head back o[...]

I 80 Here is what this program will print: The backspace codes in line 20 move the print head a total of three spaces to the left so that the first part of line 30 will over- print the word “NOT”. The delete codes in line 50 “erase” the three letters in the word “NOT” so that it doesn’t even print. In lrne 80, CHR$(24) deletes the wor[...]

81 20 A.$=’’” : INPIJT “ TYPE A CHARACTER “ ,A$ :~o IF A$=”” THEN so 40 LPRINT A$; : GOTO 20 50 LPRINT : LPRINT CHR$(27) ; “@” Now type several characters, and after each press the RETURN key. The printer simply puts the characters into its buffer while it waits for a carriage return code. (In this program the RETURN key doesn’t[...]

Th i S line is added 10 spaces. This line is added 8 spaces. This line is added 6 spaces. This line is added 4 spaces. This line is added 2 spaces. This line is Normal space. This command can be used to produce micro-justification, which is amethod ofjustifying linesby increasing the space be- tween each character. ■ Uni-directional printing Uni-[...]

83 Here is what you will get. The top line is printed bi-directional- ly, and the bottom is printed uni-directionally. You will have to look hard because there isn’t much difference, but the bottom vertical lines are perfectly aligned. I I 1 Let’s analyze the program. Line 20 defines the line spacing to 7/72 of an inch so that the characters th[...]

I 84 Table 6-3 Eighth bit controls Function Control code Turn the eighth bit ON (ESC) “)” Turn the eighth bit OFF (ESC) “=” Accept the eighth bit “as is” from ~Esc) “#,, the comrmter ■ Block graphics characters and special symbols Besides the upper and lower case letters and symbols that we are by now familiar with, your printer has[...]

1 85 Figure 6-1 shows what this program will print. If your chart doesn’t look like this because it has regular letters and numbers instead of the special symbols, then your computer is only using seven bits (unless you have set DIP switch 2-5 on by mistake). You can get the correct printout by changing line 100 to this: 1()(-I LPRINT I ; CHR$ (2[...]

86 So how are all of these characters used? Here is a program that demonstrate how the graphics characters can be combined to create a figure: the 5 of clubs. 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 LPRINT CHR$ (27) ; “6”; LPRINT CHR$(218) ;CHR$( 196) ;CHR$(196) ;CHR$(196) ; CHR$(196) ;CHR$(196) ;CHR$(191) LPRINT CHR$(179) ;CHR$(53);CHR$(32) ;CHR$(32); CHR$[...]

1- Here is what this program prints: 87 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . ~::. .-J +y+$ i’ $+ ,::,. .,.. ! . . . .. .. .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . ■ International character sets Your printer changes languages by changing 12 characters that are different in the different languages. These sets of characters ar[...]

88 Table 6-5 International character sets Country 35 36 64 91 92 93 94 96 123 124 125 12( U.S.A # !$ @ [ ] “ ‘ { : } - France # $ a “ G s “ ‘ ~ u & ‘“ Germany # $ s A o u “ ‘ a o u R England S $ @ [ ] - ‘ { : } “ Demark type I # $ @ E 0 A * ‘ E @ a “ Sweden # ?3 E x o A u ‘6 a o a u Italy * $ @ 0 4 “ u & [...]

89 That’s where the italic international characters have been stored. So the (ESC) “6” command without the (ESC) “R” gives you access to the international characters. The (ESC) “7” turns these characters back into control codes. The low-order control codes can also be defined, but not all of ‘them can be printed easily. The (ESC) ?[...]

90 Table 6-6 Control code area commands Function Control code Printable code area expansion (ESC) “6” Control code area exDansion (ESC) “7” ■ Printing BIG characters You can even enlarge your character sets for attention-grab- bing headings or special effects. There are six commands you can use. Everything following any of them will be en[...]

91 90 LPRINT CHR$(27) ; “h” ;cHR$(2) ; 100 LPRIN’1’ “QUAD”; 110 LPRINT CHR$(27) ; “h” ;CHR$(0) ; 120 LPRINT “ SIZED PRINTING.V 130 END When you run this program, you will get like this: As you can see, when the big character command is used, the baseline for each character does not align. If you want to align the baseline, try thi[...]

H The optional sheet feeder The automatic sheet feeder is a handy option that feeds single cut sheets automatically. Work done on cut sheets looks better that done on computer paper, and you don’t have to tear the “perforations” off each sheet as you must with fan-fold paper. The automatic sheet feeder feeds a new sheet automatically every ti[...]

93 Here is how the printer’s macro works. You dejlne a macro by telling the printer what normal control codes are to be included in the macro. Then you can use the macro any time that you want and the printer will do all the things that you included in the macro definition. You can include up to 16 codes in a single ‘macro. You can even use the[...]

I This program will print one line using several printing features. Then it “calls” the macro in line 60. When line 80 prints the style is “plain vanilla” because the macro has reset it. 10 LPRINT CHR$(27) ; “Q” ;CHR$(40) ; 20 LPRINT CHR$(27) ; “a” ;CHR$(2) ; 30 LPRINT CHR$(27) ; “-l”; 40 LPRINT CHR$(27) ; “h” ;CHR$( 1) ; 50[...]

95 m 01 (02 03 04 05 (06 07 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 20 21 21 23 24 25 26 27 .130 31 32 x :4 3s 56 37 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 50 51 52 53 54 55 36 57 .50 b 1 42 6; 64 b~ 6.$ 67 70 71 ~~ 75 74 75 76 77 so El 82 85 84 as 66 S7 90 ?1 72 ?3 94 ?s ’96 97 ‘ !40 61 (+2 /4? 134 (as Ab 67 Bu B1 B2 BZ B4 B5 B6 B7 co c1 C2 C3 C4 C5 C.6 C7 DO D1 D2 DZ D4 D5[...]

96 MEMO[...]

CHAPTER 7 DOWNLOAD CHARACTERS AND DOT GRAPHICS Subjects covered in Chapter 7 include– ● Designing and printing your own characters ● User-designed graphics Using the procedures outlined so far, all of the printer’s standard functions can be utilized. There are two additional user-defined functions available: designing and printing your own [...]

98 For example, if the data representing “l” was sent to the print head, only the bottom pin would fire; if “2” was sent, only the second pin from the bottom would fire, and if “3” was sent, the two bottom pins would fire, and so on. Columns of these dots side by side make all the characters. o 0 0 0 0 0 ~ ● 000 ● 0 ● ● 000 ● [...]

99 ● ● ● ● r — 1. !—— The minimum width of a character is five dots. Unlike standard characters that are restricted to a height of seven dots, user-defined characters may use eight dots vertically. Dots cannot overlap – that is, you may not have a dot inside a box next to one that is on a line. You may define any position in the ASC[...]

100 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 I ~ Total I I ASCII Code Descent~er Start column End column M = Descender ● 128 + (Slarl , 161 L End m, m,, m, m, m. m. m. m. m, m, m Figure 7-3. Use this grid (or one similar to it) to define your own draft characters. 1 ?8 64 32 16 8 4 2 .1 ~ , I Total L– —._.–– ——---- . ● l ● 1 , , I 1 T 1 ?i+i@& m,[...]

101 You will see the letters ml, m2, nz3 etc., are above your values. When you define the character, you will substitute your value for each of these letters. Before you complete the definition, you will need to decide ex- actly where in the standard ASCII set you want to place your ‘characters. After downloading, you access your new character by[...]

I 102 CHR$(27);CHR$(38) ;CHR$(0);CHR$(60) ;CHR$(6O);CHR$( 139) ;CHR$(2);CHR$(5); CHR$(8);CHR$(24 l); CHR$(O);CHR$(O) ;CHR$(241);CHR$(8) ;CHR$(5);CHR$(2 ); CHR$(0) Put this command into the appropriate syntax for the language you are using. Before you run the program and send the data to the printer, remember to check that DIP switch 2-1 is set to o[...]

I 103 10 LPRINT CHR$ (27) ; “ : “’ ; CHR$ (O ) ; CHR$ (O ) ; CHR$ ( O ) ; 20 LPRINT CHR$ (27) ; “&”; CHR$(O ) ; CHR$(60) ; CHR.$ (6Z ) ; 30 FOR N=60 TO 62 40 FOR M=O TO 11 50 READ MM 60 LPRINT CHRS (MM) ; 70 NEXT M 80 NEXT ?-i 90 LPRINT 100 1 1.() 12[1 130 140 150 160 170 180 190 200 210 220 230 ’24G 250 260 270 280 290 300 310 :320[...]

104 ., 430 LPR1 NT CHii$ (27) ; “%0” 440 I-, FRI N’r (;tih+$ (27); “so’”; 4!50 LPRINr CHR.$ (9) ; “MILLIONS OF DOLLARS” 460 LPRINT CHR$ (27) ; “T’” 470 END DEFINING PROPORTIONAL CHARACTERS Defining proportional characters uses the same process as above, except that we add additional information. Being able to specify the width[...]

1. 105 reason, NLQ characters can contain up to 23 dots in the horizon- tal direction. Fundamentally, the process to define and print downloaded NLQ characters is the same as for draft characters, except that you must supply about four times as much character data, and ‘you must design the character with the two passes of the print head in mind. [...]

I 106 To make the character data easier to calculate, put the first pass dots inside the boxes on the grid when you are designing your characters, and the second pass dots on the lines. Remember that adjacent dots may not overlap on the same pass; in other words, if one dot is in a box, its adjacent dot on the same pass’ may not be on a line. The[...]

I 107 To demonstrate how to use the NLQ download characters, try this program. 1.0 LPR1 NT CHR$ (27) ; “xl”; 20 LF’RI NT CHR$ (27) ; “ : “ ; (;HR$ ( o ) ; CHR$ (O ) ; CHR$ (0) ; 30 LPRI NT CHR$(27) ; “&”: CHR$(0) ; CHR$ (60) ;CHR$ (62) ; 40 FOR N=60 TO 62 50 FOR M=O TO 46 60 READ MM 70 LPRINT CHR$(MM) ; 80 NEXT M 90 NEXT N 100 LPR[...]

310 NEXT I 320 LPRINT 330 LPR1 NT “CHEMICALS” ; CHR$ (9 ) ; 34~ FOR 1=.4 T() 8.7 STEP .4 350 LPRINT CHR$ (60) ; 360 .NEXT I 370 LPRINT 380 LPRINT “GUNS’ ’; CHR$(9) ; 390 FOR 1=.4 TO 1.4 STEP .4 400 LPRINT CHR$(62); 410 NEXT I 420 LPRINT 430 LPRINT CHR$(9);’’+–-”; 440 SCALE$=’’–-+--” 450 FOR 1=2 TO 8 STEP 2 460 LPRINT SCALE[...]

109 with the standard resolution of 60 dots per inch (dpi). The command to print normal density (60 dpi horizontally, 72 dpi vertically) uses this format: (ESC) “*” CHR$(0) YZ~ 7z2 ml mz ..... (ESC) “*” specifies the graphics mode, the CHR$(0) specifies normal density. Other densities are described later. Any number of graphics data may fol[...]

110 eight rows. Draw your graphics shape, and then calculate the values of each vertical column of eight dots; each value becomes one data byte. When drawing large shapes, the data byte CHR$(255) (all pins firing, or a solid block of dots) is common. A line spacing of 8/72 inch (using the (ESC) “A” CHR$(n), where n=8), will ensure that successi[...]

111 Table 7-3 Alternative graphics commands Density Single command Individual command Noraml (ESC)”*” CHR$(0) nl n2 (E7CJC)<’K” Z1 n2 ml m2 ... ml m2 ... Double (ESC)”*” CHR$(l) %1 nz (ESC)<<L’> nl YZ2 ml WZ2 ... ml m2 . . . Double with (ESC)”*” CHR$(2) nl n2 (ESC>’’~,, ~~ ~z m] mz double-speed ml m2 ... ... Qua[...]

112 The first occurs if you have written a program to be printed in one graphics mode and now want to print it in another. If you have used concatenation to store your graphics command in one short character string, that will not be difficult. You can simply change the mode number or alternate code in the definition of the character string. A secon[...]

113 In addition, you can select the print density by the value of nO. When nO is O the normal density is selcted, and when nO is 1 the double density is selected. Since computers are faster than printers, there is no signifi- cant time loss in printing a single line of graphics with 9 pins. You get 9 dots per line in about the same time as you get [...]

114 MEMO[...]

CHAPTER 8 CARING FOR YOUR PRINTER Subjects covered in Chapter 8 include– . Cleaning the printer . Changing the ribbon c Replacing the print head Dust and heat will make any mechanism wear more quickly. The best maintenance is preventive, so the first step in any maintenance program is correct location of the printer. This is covered in greater de[...]

116 Changing the whole cartridge is the simplest method, and because you don’t need to touch the ribbon itself, it is the cleanest way too. To remove the old cartridge, remove the printer cover, grasp the ribbon cartridge with both hands, and pull straight up gently until the holder springs release. To fit the new cartridge, refer to Chapter 1, I[...]

117 r I — Idler I —. Figure 8-2. Replace the ribbon sub-cassette. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. Take the new ribbon and holder out of the wrapper, remove the adhesive tape on the joint on the holder, and place it into the cassette as shown in Figure 8-2. Pull sufficient ribbon out of the holder, and thread it as shown in Figure 8-3. Be careful that the half-t[...]

L Figure 8-3. Make sure that the ribbon is not twisted when you thread it through its path. REPLACING THE PRINT HEAD The dot matrix print head has an extremely long life, around 100,000,000 characters, or years of normal use. However, when printing is too light even after replacing the ribbon, you’ll know that the print head has reached the end o[...]

119 Pri able or cover Figure 8-4. Replacement of the print head. 1 3. Hold back the tab that locks the print head into place, and remove the print head. 4. Making sure that the new print head is facing the cor- rect direction, carefully plug the cable into the connec- tor on the head cable board. Make sure that this con- nection is secure, and that[...]

120 MEMO[...]

APPENDIX A DIP SWITCH SETTINGS The DIP (Dual In-line Package) switches control many of the functions of the printer. A DIP switch contains a number of small switches, and in this printer, one DIP switch has 10 in- dividual switches and the another has 6 individual switches. Both DIP switches are easily accessible from the top of the printer. Remove[...]

122 CAUTION: Never change the setting of any of the DIP switches when the power is on. The printer only reads the DIP switch settings at the moment the power is turned on. Turn off power to both the computer and the printer when changing settings, and turn on again to use the new settings. Table A-1 shows a summary of DIP switch functions. Table A-[...]

123 1-2 1-3 1-4 1-5 1-6 1-7 1-8 2-1 This switch selects the default character style. If this switch is on the default character style is nor- mal draft characters. If this switch is off the default character style is Near Letter Quality (NLQ) characters. This switch is set on at the factory. This switch selects the print style of zeroes. If this sw[...]

124 enable and the print buffer is set to a one line buffer. This switch is set on at the factory. 2-2--2-4 These switches determine the default international character set, as shown in Table A-2. These switches are all set on at the factory. Table A-2 International character sets Switch U.S.A. France Germany England Denmark Sweden Italy Spain 2-2 [...]

APPENDIX B ASCII CODES AND CONVERSION CHART Standard ASCII Codes Decimal o 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 Hex. 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 OA OB Oc OD OE OF 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 1A IB IC ]D IE IF 20 Binary 0000 0000 0000 0001 0000 0010 0000 0011 0000 0100 0000 0101 00000110 0000 011[...]

126 Decimal 33 34 35 36, 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 Standard ASCII Codes Hexadecimal 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 2A 2B 2C 2D 2E 2F 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 3A 3B 3C 3D 3E 3F 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 4A 4B 4C Binary 0010 0001 0010 0010 0010 0011 001[...]

127 Decimal 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120 Standard ASCII Codes Hexadecimal 4D 4E 4F 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 5A 5B 5C 5D 5E 5F 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 6A 6B 6C 6D 6E 6F 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 Binary 0100 1101 010[...]

I 128 Decimal 121 122 123 124 125 126 127 128 129 130 131 132 133 134 135 136 137 138 139 140 141 142 143 144 145 ! 146 147 148 149 150 151 152 153 154 155 156 157 158 159 160 161 162 163 164 Standard ASCII Codes Hexadecimal 79 7A 7B 7C 7D 7E 7F 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 8A 8B 8C 8D 8E 8F 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 9A 9B 9C 9D 9E 9F AO Al AZ[...]

129 Decimal 165 166 167 168 169 170 171 172 173 174 175 176 177 178 179 180 181 182 183 184 185 186 187 188 189 190 191 192 193 194 195 196 197 198 199 200 201 202 Standard ASCII Codes Hexadecimal A5 A6 A7 A8 A9 AA AB AC AD AE AF BO B1 B2 B3 B4 B5 B6 137 B8 B9 BA BB BC BD BE BF co cl C2 C3 C4 C5 C6 C7 C8 C9 CA Binary 1010 0101 1010 0110 1010 0111 1[...]

I 130 Standard ASCII Codes Character set Decimal 203 204 205 206 207 208 209 210 211 212 213 214 215 216 217 218 ~lg 220 221 222 223 224 225 226 227 228 229 ~30 231 23? 233 234 235 236 237 238 239 240 241 Hexadecimal CB cc CD CE CF DO D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 D8 D9 DA DB DC DD DE DF Eo EI E2 E3 E4 E5 E6 E7 E8 E9 E .4 EB EC ED EE EF FO F] Binary 1100 lo[...]

131 Decimal 242 243 24J 24S 246 24T 248 249 250 251 252 253 254 255 Standard ASCII Codes Hexadecimal Binary F2 1111 0010 F3 1111 0011 F4 1111 0100 F5 1111 0101 F6 1111 0110 F7 1111 0111 F8 1111 1000 F9 1111 1001 FA 1111 1010 FB 1111 loll FC 1111 1100 FD 1111 1101 FE 1111 1110 FF 1111 1111 . . . . . . ■ m.- ● m’-[...]

132 MEMO[...]

APPENDIX C FUNCTION CODES The purpose of this Appendix is to provide a quick reference for the various functions available on this printer. Codes are described in the following format. PURPOSE Tells what the function code does. CODE Control code mnemonic (decimal ASCII) ASCII decimal equivalent (hex ASCII) Hexadecimal equivalent REMARKS Briefly des[...]

134 PURPOSE CODE (decimal ASCII) (hex ASCII) REMARKS SEE PURPOSE CODE” (decimal ASCII) (hex ASCII) REMARKS SEE Cancels italic characters. (ESC) “5” 27 53 IB 35 This command causes the printer to cancel italic printing and select the standard reman characters. This com- mand is ignored when the “Italic Panel” mode is selected at power-on. [...]

135 PURPOSE Selects character set #2. CODE (ESC) “6” (decimal ASCII) 27 54 (hex ASCII) IB 36 REMARKS This command selects character set #2 when the DIP switch 2-5 is set off. You can select character set #2 as the power-on default by turning DIP switch l-7 offwhile the DIPswitch2-5 issetoff. SEE Chapter6 PURPOSE Selects character set#l. CODE (E[...]

— 136 PURPOSE Selects NLQ characters. CODE (ESC) “ “ 1 (decimal ASCII) 27 1;0 1 (hex ASCII) IB 78 01 REMARKS This command causes the printer to print near letter quality (NLQ) characters until the NLQ mode is cancell- ed. You can select NLQ characters as the power-on default by turning DIP switch 1-2 off. This command is ignored when the “P[...]

I .- 137 ■ Font Ditch controls PURPOSE CODE (decimal ASCII) (hex ASCII) REMARKS SEE PURPOSE CODE (decimal ASCII) (hex ASCII) REMARKS SEE Sets the print pitch to pica. (ESC) “P” 27 80 IB 50 This command causes printing to be done in pica pitch, with 136 characters per line. You can select the pica pitch as the power-on default by turning DIP s[...]

138 p~TRposE CODE (decimal ASCII) (hex .ASCII) REMARKS SEE PURPOSE CODE (decimal ASCII) (hex ASCII) REMARKS SEE PURPOSE CODE (decimal ASCII) (hex ASCII) REMARKS SEE Sets the printer to condensed print. (S1) 15 OF This command causes printing to be done in condensed pitch, with 233 characters per line for pica condensed, and 272 characters per line [...]

I 139 PURPOSE Sets the printer to proportional print. CODE (ESC) “ “ 1 (decimal ASCII) 27 1;2 1 (hex ASCII) IB 70 01 REMARKS This command causes all subsequent characters to be printed with propor- tional spacing until proportional printing is cancelled. This command is ignored when the “Print Pitch Panel” mode is selected at power-on. NOTE[...]

140 PURPOSE CODE (decimal ASCII) (hex ASCII) RENfARKS SEE PURPOSE CODE (decimal ASCII) (hex ASCII) REMARKS SEE PURPOSE CODE (decimal ASCII) (hex ASCII) REMARKS SEE Sets the printer to expanded print. (ESC) “w” 1 27 87 1 IB 57 01 This command causes characters to be printed twice as wide as normal (half the current pitch) until expanded printing[...]

141 PURPOSE Sets the printer to expanded print for the remainder of the current line. CODE (ESC) (so) (decimal ASCII) 27 14 (hex ASCII) IB OE REMARKS Same as (SO), above. SEE Chapter 4 PURPOSE Cancels one line expanded print. CODE (DC4) (decimal ASCII) 20 (hex ASCII) 14 REMARKS This command cancels one line exanded print set with (SO) or (ESC) (SO)[...]

.— 142 PURPOSE CODE (decimal ASCII) (hex ASCII) REMARKS SEE PURPOSE CODE (decimal ASCII) (hex ASCII) REMARKS SEE PURPOSE CODE (decimal ASCII) (hex ASCII) REMARKS SEE PURPOSE CODE (decimal ASCII) (hex ASCII) REMARKS SEE Selects emphasized printing. (ESC) “E” 27 69 IB 45 This command causes characters to be printed in emphasized until cancelled[...]

I .- 143 PURPOSE CODE (decimal ASCII) (hex ASCII) REMARKS SEE PURPOSE CODE (decimal ASCII) (hex ASCII) REMARKS SEE FURPOSE CODE (decimal ASCII) (hex ASCII) REMARKS SEE Selects underlining. (ESC) “-” 1 27 45 1 IB 2D 01 This command underlines the following characters until cancelled. NOTE: The character “l” (decimal code 49, hexadecimal code[...]

I 144 PURPOSE CODE (decimal ASCII) (hex ASCII) REMARKS SEE PURPOSE CODE (decimal ASCII) (hex ASCII) REMARKS SEE Selects subscripts. (ESC) “s” 1 27 83 1 IB 53 01 This command lowers the following characters and prints them as subscripts until cancelled. All conditions appliable to superscripts also apply to subscripts. NOTE: The character “l?[...]

145 CONTROLLING THE VERTICAL PRINT POSITION These commands are used to move the paper relative to the print head. By moving the paper up or down, the print head, in effect, moves the opposite direction (down or up) on the page. ■ Line feed and reverse line feed PURPOSE Advances feed). CODE (LF) (decimal ASCII) 10 (hex ASCII) OA controls the paper[...]

146 PURPOSE CODE (decimal ASCII) (hex ASCII) REMARKS SEE PURPOSE CODE (decimal ASCII) (hex ASCII) REMARKS SEE PURPOSE CODE (decimal ASCII) (hex ASCII) REMARKS SEE Sets line spacing to 1/8 inch. (ESC) “O” 27 48 IB 30 This command sets the actual distance the paper advances or reverses during all subsequent line feeds tol/8 inch. Chapter 5 Sets l[...]

147 PURPOSE Sets or Defines line spacing to n172 inch. CODE (ESC) “A” n (decimal ASCII) 27 65 n .(hex ASCII) IB 41 n REMARKS This command works in two different functions depending on the setting of DIP switch 2-5. When the DIP switch 2-5 is set on, this command sets the actual distance the paper advances or reverses during all subsequent line [...]

— PURPOSE Sets line spacing to 1/6 inch, or Uses (ESC) “A” definition. CODE (ESC) “2” (decimal ASCII) 27 50 (hex ASCII) IB 32 REMARKS This command works in two different functions depending on the setting of DIP switch 2-5. When the DIP switch 2-5 is set on, this command sets the actual distance the paper advances or reverses during all s[...]

1- 149 PURPOSE Sends a one-time reverse feed of n/2 16 inch. CODE (ESC) <<.9> n (decimal ASCII) 27 1;6 n (hex ASCII) IB 6A n REMARKS This command causes the printer to reverse the paper n/216 inch. It does not change the current value of line spacing and it does not cause a carriage return. The value of n must be between O and 255. SEE Cha[...]

150 PURPOSE CODE (decimal ASCII) (hex ASCII) REMARKS SEE PURPOSE CODE (decimal ASCII) (hex ASCII) REMARKS SEE PURPOSE CODE (decimal ASCII) (hex ASCII) REMARKS SEE Reverses the paper to the top of the current page. (ESC) (FF) 27 12 IB Oc This command causes the printer to reverse the paper to the top of the cur- rent printing page (or form). This co[...]

151 9 Top/Bottom margins and vertical tabs PURPOSE CODE (decimal ASCII) ~ (hex ASCII) RE.MARKS SEE PURPOSE CODE (decimal ASCII) (hex ASCII) REMARKS SEE PURPOSE CODE (decimal ASCII) (hex ASCII) REMARKS SEE Sets the top margin. (ESC) “r” n 27 114 n IB 72 n This command sets the top margin to n lines. Printing begins on the (n + l)th line on the p[...]

152 PURPOSE CODE (decimal ASCII) (hex .ASCII) REMARKS SEE PURPOSE CODE (decimal ASCII) (hex ASCII) REMARKS SEE PURPOSE CODE (decimal ASCII) (hex ASCII) REMARKS SEE Advances paper to the next ver- tical tab position. (VT) 11 OB This command causes the paper to be ad- vanced to the next vertical tab position, or the top of the next page, whichever is[...]

153 PURPOSE CODE (decimal ASCII) (hex ASCII) REMARKS SEE PURPOSE CODE (decimal ASCII) (hex ASCII) REMARKS SEE Sets vertical tab positions in a channel. (ESC) “b” nO nl n2 n3 . . . 0 27 98 nO nl n2 n3 .. . 0 IB 62 nO nl n2 n3 . . . 00 This command cancels all current ver- tical tab positions in channel nO and sets those defined at lines nl, n2, [...]

I 154 CONTROLLING THE HORIZONTAL PRINT POSITION This section described commands that move the print head and restrict its printing range (such as setting margins and tabs). PURPOSE CODE (decimal ASCII) (hex ASCII) REMARKS SEE PURPOSE CODE (decimal ASCII) (hex ASCII) REMARKS SEE Returns print head to the left margin (carriage return). (CR) 13 OD Thi[...]

1- 155 PURPOSE Sets the left margin. CODE (ESC) “l” n (decimal ASCII) 27 108 n (hex ASCII) IB 6C n REMARKS This command sets the left margin to n characters. Each line will begin in the (n + l)th character position from the left edge. The value of n must be between O and 255. You can set the left margin manually on the control panel. NOTE: Chan[...]

PURPOSE Moves the print head to horizontal tab position. the next CODE (HT) (decimal ASCII) 9 (hex .ASCII) 09 REMARKS This command causes the print head to advance to the next horizontal tab posi- tion. The horizontal tab positions are set at power-on to print positions 8, 16, 24, etc. (to the maximum print position). SEE PURPOSE CODE (decimal ASCI[...]

157 PURPOSE Moves the print head to an ab- solute horizontal position. CODE (ESC) “$” nl n2 (decimal ASCII) 27 36 nl n2 (hex ASCII) IB 24 nl n2 REMARKS This command causes the printer to move the print head to an absolute horizontal position. The position, in inch- es, is determined by the formula (nl + n2 x 256)/60. The maximum distance is 13.[...]

158 PURPOSE CODE (decimal ASCII) (hex ,ASCII) REMARKS SEE PURPOSE CODE (decimal ASCII) (hex ASCII) REMARKS SEE PURPOSE CODE (decimal ASCII) (hex ASCII) REMARKS SEE Adds n dot spaces between characters. (ESC) “space” n 27 32 n IB 20 n This command increases the space be- tween characters by n dots when the DIP switch 2-5 is set on. Chapter 6 Set[...]

159 DOWNLOAD CHARACTER COMMANDS PURPOSE Defines download characters into RAM. .CODE (ESC) “&” O nl n2 mO ml ... mll [m12 .. . m46] (decimal ASCII) 27 38 0 nl n2 mO ml . . . mll [m12 .. . m46] (hex ASCII) IB 26 00 nl n2 mO ml . . . mll [m12 ... m46] REMARKS SEE This command is used to define one or more user-defined characters and to store t[...]

I 160 PURPOSE CODE (decimal ASCII) (hexASCII) REMARKS SEE PURPOSE CODE (decimal ASCII) (hex ASCII) REMARKS SEE PURPOSE CODE (decimal ASCII) (hex ASCII) REMARKS SEE Copies standard character ROM font into RAM. (ESC) “:” O 0 0 27 58 0 0 0 IB 3A 00 00 00 This command copies all the standard characters to the corresponding download character RAM ar[...]

161 DOT GRAPHICS COMMANDS PURPOSE Prints normal-density graphics. CODE (ESC) “K” nl n2 ml m2 . . . .. (decimal ASCII) 27 7.5 nl n2 ml m2 ..... (hex ASCII) IB 4B nl n2 ml m2 ..... REMARKS This command selects 60 dots-per-inch, column-scan, bit-image graphics mode. The values of nl and n2 represent the number of graphics characters to be printed,[...]

PURPOSE CODE (decimal ASCII) (hex ASCII) REMARKS SEE PURPOSE CODE (decimal ASCII) (hex ASCII) REMARKS SEE Prints double-density graphics at double-speed. (ESC) “Y” nl n2 ml m2 .. .. . 27 89 nl n2 ml m2 .. .. . IB 59 nl n2 ml m2 . . .. . This command selects 120 dots-per-inch, column-scan, bit-image graphics mode at double-speed. The values of n[...]

163 PURPOSE Selects graphics modes. CODE (ESC) “*” nO nl n2 ml m2 .. .. . (decimal ASCII) 27 42 nO nl n2 ml m2 . .. .. (hex ASCII) IB 2A nO nl n2 ml m2 . .. .. REMARKS This command selects one seven possi- ble graphics modes, depending on the value of nO. The values of nl and n2 are the same as normal-density graphics mode. The correct number o[...]

— 164 PURPOSE CODE (decimal ASCII) (hex ASCII) REMARKS SEE PURPOSE CODE (decimal ASCII) (hex ASCII) REMARKS SEE Selects 9-pin graphics. (ESC) “ - “ nO nl n2 ml m2 . .. .. 27 94 nO nl n2 ml m2 . . .. . IB 5E nO nl n2 ml m2 .. .. . This command selects column-scan, 9- pin bit-image graphics mode. The value of nO determines the print density. Th[...]

165 MACRO INSTRUCTION COMMANDS PURPOSE CODE (decimal ASCII) (hex ASCII) REMARKS SEE PURPOSE CODE (decimal ASCII) (hex ASCII) REMARKS SEE Defines macro instruction. (ESC) “+” . . .. . (RS) 27 43 .. .. . 30 IB 2B .. .. . IE This command cancels any existing macro instruction, and replace it with the defined instruction. The maximum number of char[...]

166 OTHER COMMANDS PURPOSE Sets the value of the eighth data bit to logical 1. CODE (ESC) “)” (decimal ASCII) 27 62 (hex ASCII) IB 3E REMARKS This command forces the eighth data bit of each subsequent character sent to the printer to logical 1. This code allows users with a 7-bit interface to access those characters whose ASCII code is greater [...]

167 PURPOSE CODE (decimal ASCII) (hex ASCII) REMARKS SEE PURPOSE CODE (decimal ASCII) (hex ASCII) REMARKS SEE PURPOSE CODE (decimal ASCII) (hex ASCII) REMARKS SEE Accepts the value of the eighth data bit as is. (ESC) “#” 27 35 IB 23 This command cancels either setting of the eighth data bit. The printer will use the value of the eighth data bit[...]

PURPOSE Moves the print head back one print position (backspace). CODE (BS) (decimal ASCII) 8 (hex ASCII) 08 REMARKS This command shifts the print head one column to the left. If the print head is at the left margin, the command is ignored. This command can be used to overstrike or combine characters. SEE PURPOSE CODE (decimal ASCII) (hex ASCII) RE[...]

SEE PURPOSE CODE (decimal ASCII) (hex ASCII) REMARKS SEE PURPOSE 169 PURPOSE Sets printer off line. CODE <DC3) (decimal ASCII) 19 (hex ASCII) 13 REMARKS This command causes the printer to go off line, disregarding all subsequent characters and function codes, with the exception of (DC1 ), which will return the printer to the on line state. This [...]

— 170 SEE PURPOSE CODE (decimal ASCII) (hex ASCII) REMARKS PURPOSE Disables paper-out detector. CODE (ESC) “8” (decimal ASCII) 27 56 (hex ASCII) IB 38 REMARKS This command causes the printer to disregard the signal sent by the paper- out detector. The paper-out signal nor- mally sounds the printer bell and stops printing until paper is insert[...]

I .- 171 PURPOSE CODE (decimal ASCII) (hex ASCII) REMARKS SEE PURPOSE CODE (decimal ASCII) (hex ASCII) REMARKS SEE Cancels uni-directional printing. (ESC) “u” o 27 85 0 IB 55 00 This command cancels uni-directional printing and returns to the standard bi- directional printing, which is con- siderably faster. NOTE: The character “O” (decimal[...]

I 172 PURPOSE Enlarges characters in whole or in part; cancels same. CODE (ESC) “h” n (decimal ASCII) 27 104 n (hex ASCII) IB 68 n REMARKS This special command enlarges characters following the command until the enlargement is cancelled. The values of n have the following effects. n Effect o 1 2 3 4 5 6 Cancels enlargement Double-high, double-w[...]

173 PURPOSE CODE (decimal ASCII) (hex ASCII) REMARKS SEE PURPOSE tiODE (decimal ASCII) (hex ASCII) REMARKS SEE PURPOSE CODE (decimal ASCII) (hex ASCII) REMARKS SEE Cancels the expansion of printable area. (ESC) “7” 27 55 IB 37 This command cancels the expansion of the printable character area and restores the high-order control code area when t[...]

174 PURPOSE CODE (decimal ASCII) (hex ASCII) REMARKS SEE PURPOSE CODE (decimal ASCII) (hex ASCII) REMARKS SEE Sets immediate print mode. (ESC) 6C.>9 1 27 1;5 1 IB 69 01 This command selects the immediate print mode. In the immediate print mode the print head prints one character at a time, as you send it. The printer also moves the paper up so t[...]

175 PURPOSE CODE (decimal ASCII) (hex ASCII) REMARKS SEE PURPOSE CODE (decimal ASCII) (hex ASCII) REMARKS SEE PURPOSE CODE (decimal ASCII) (hex ASCII) REMARKS SEE Resets the printer. (ESC) “@” 27 64 IB 40 This command reinitializes the printer. The print buffer is cleared, and the form length, character set, bottom margin, and international cha[...]

176 PURPOSE CODE (decimal ASCII) (hex ASCII) REMARKS SEE PURPOSE CODE (decimal ASCII) (hex ASCII) REMARKS SEE PURPOSE CODE (decimal ASCII) (hex ASCII) REMARKS SEE PURPOSE CODE (decimal ASCII) (hex ASCII) REMARKS SEE Cancels auto feed mode. (ESC) (EM) O 27 25 0 IB 19 00 This command causes the printer to cancel the auto sheet feeding mode. This comm[...]

L 177 PURPOSE CODE (decimal ASCII) (hex ASCII) REMARKS SEE PURPOSE CODE (decimal ASCII) (hex ASCII) REMARKS SEE Ejects paper. (ESC) (EM) “R” 27 25 82 IB 19 52 This command causes the printer to eject paper. This command is ignored when the optional automatic sheet feeder is not mounted on the printer. Chapter 6 Ejects paper. << ?> 6<[...]

178 MEMO[...]

APPENDIX D COMMAND SUMMARY IN NUMERIC ORDER Control code Function CHR$(7) Sounds the printer bell CHR$(8) Moves the print head back one print position (backspace) CHR$(9) Moves the print head to the next horizontal tab position CHR$(1O) Advances the paper one line (line feed) CHR$(ll) Advances paper to the next vertical tab position CHR$(12) Advanc[...]

180 (ESC) CHR$(25) CHR$(4) (ESC) CHR$(25) “R” (ESC) CH,R$(32) n (ESC) “!” n (ESC) “#” (ESC) “$” nl 922 (ESC) “~0” O (ESC> “~0” 1 (ESC) “&” CHR$(0) nl (ESC) “*” nO nl n2 ml (ESC) “+” CHR$(l) Selects auto feed mode Ejects paper Adds n dot spaces between characters Sets the master print mode Accepts the value[...]

181 (ESC) “)” Sets the value of the eighth data bit to logical 1 (ESC) “?” nO nl Redefines the graphics mode (ESC) “@” Resets the printer (ESC) “A” n Sets or defines line spacing to n/72 inch (ESC) “B” nl n2 n3 . .. CHR$(0) Sets vertical tab positions (ESC) “C” CHR$(0) n Sets page length to n inches (ESC) “C” n Sets page[...]

— 182 (ESC) “Z” nl n2 ml m2 . . . Prints quadruple-density graphics (ESC) “” nl ?2.2 Moves the print head to a specified horizontal position (ESC) “ - “ nO nl n2 ml m2 . . . . . Selects 9-pin graphics (ESC) “a” n Sets alignment or centering (ESC) “b” nO nl n2 n3 . .. CHR$(0) (ESC) “e” O n (ESC) “e” 1 n (ESC)-”f” O[...]

L APPENDIX E TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS Printing Printing method Printing speed Print buffer Paper feed Printing direction Character set Draft characters NLQ characters Other characters Character matrix Serial impact dot matrix 120 characters per second (in Draft pica) 30 characters per second (in NLQ mode) 4 KB 2.7 inches/second (for form feeding) T[...]

184 Line spacing Column width 8 X 1088 dots, CRT graphics 8 x 1224 dots, CRT type ~ graphics 8 x 979 dots, Plotter graphics 1/6 inch standard 1/8, n/72 or n/216 inch programmable 136, nomal pica 163, normal elite 233, condensed pica 272, condensed elite 68, expanded pica 81, expanded elite 116, expanded condensed pica 136, expanded condensed elite [...]

I 185 Environment Temperature: 5 to 40°C (40 to 104”F) Humidity: 10 to 809’0, non condensing Ribbon Black cloth ribbon in special cartridge Ribbon life: 3 million draft characters Print head life 100 million draft characters Parallel interface Interface Centronic-compatible, 7 or 8 bit Synchronization By external supplied Strobe pulses Handsha[...]

186 MEMO[...]

APPENDIX F THE PARALLEL INTERFACE This printer has a parallel interface to communicate with the computer. The operating specifications of the parallel interface are as follows: Data transfer rate: 1,000 to 6,000 characters per second Synchronization: Via externally supplied STROBE pulses Handshaking: ACK and BUSY signals Logic level: Compatible wit[...]

188 ACK [ ‘----------- —.- 1 L— —— ~ STROBE ~ ‘-–r–-” —1 r——————” ‘“s’ L—..— --l T: More than 0.5WWC Figure F-1. The interface timing diagram. Siwd N’ame ! Circuit Ew3mDle STROBE (To Printer) ‘sat’’” BUSY, ACK (From Printer) ‘u:~a’ib’e Figure F-2. Typical interface circuit. When the printe[...]

I_ 189 The printer will report that it has run out of paper by making the PAPER OUT signal on pin 12 high. This pin can be held low by turning DIP switch 1-5 off. When the printer is in the on-line state, pin 13 is held high. This signal (SELECTED) tells the computer that the printer is ready to receive data. Table F-1 Parallel interface pin functi[...]

Pins 14, 15, 34 and 35 are not used, while pins 16, 17, 19-30 and 33 are grounded. Pin 18 is connected to the +5VDC supply in the printer. Pin 31 can be used to reset the printer. If this signal (RESET) goes low the printer will reinitialize. Pin 32 is used to report error conditions in the printer. This signal (ERROR) is high during normal operati[...]

APPENDIX G SERIAL INTERFACE SPECIFICATIONS This printer provides a very flexible RS232C serial interface as an option. It can communicate at rates from 150 to 19,200 baud (bits per second) and supports four different kinds of hand- shaking. This interface can also function as a 20mA current loop interface. The operating specifications of the interf[...]

I Table G-1 Serial interface pirf functions Pio No. ~i::;l Direction Function 1 GND – Printer’s chassis ground. 2 TXD OUT This pin carries data from the printer. 3 RXD IN This pin carries data to the printer. 4 RTS OUT This is ON when the printer is ready to receive data. 5 CTS IN This pin is ON when the computer is ready to send data. 6 DSR IN[...]

193 Table G-2 DIP switch on serial board Switch ON OFF 1 7 data bits 8 data bits 2 Parity checked No parity , 9+ Handshaking protocols–see Table G-3 5 Odd parity IEven parity 6 ~ 7 Data transfer rate–see Table G-4 8 I Table G-3 Handshaking protocols Protocol Switch 3 Switch 4 Serial busy, 1 byte mode OFF OFF Serial busy, 1 block mode ON OFF ACK[...]

— 194 data. These two pins go ON when the printer is ready to accept data. In the 1 byte mode they go OFF after each character is received. In the 1 block mode they only go OFF when the printer’s buffer approaches capacity. In both cases they will stay OFF if the buffer is too full to accept more data. H XON/XOFF protocol The XON/XOFF protocol [...]

195 Serial busy protocol (I byte) mode ~;q ~ DB DTR Fin 20 u~ u I-J RCH u u 1 u u Pin I 1 1 au f f e r f u 1 I or Of f 1 I n. Serial busy protocol (1 block) mode RXD P,” 3 g:~o – $::, ~ Buffer full 0, off 11”. XON/XOFF prutacol RXD Pin 3 TXD P,” 2 xOFF (DC31 XOFF IDC31’ XON IDCII 9.f f . . fu I 1 or of f I I n. ACK protocol RXD Pm 3 :::0 [...]

INDEX 9-pin graphics, 112, 164 Absolute tab, 69, 157 ACK protocol, 194 Adjusting paper gap, 16 Adjusting width of space, 81 Advance paper, 55, 145, 146, 147, 148, 149 Aligning text, 74, 158 Alternate graphics codes, 111 American Standard Code for Information Interchange, 39 ASCII code conversion chart, 125 ASCII codes, 39, 94 Attribute byte, 99 Aut[...]

197 Defining characters, 98, 159 macro instruction, 93, 165 <DEL), 79, 168 Delete, 79, 168 Deselect printer, 78, 170 Detector, cover open, 5 paper-out, 78, 169 DIP switches, 10, 24, 56, 58, 81, 84, 92, 121, 134, 145, 147, 149, 154, 158, 1?0, 172, 175, 191 Dot graphics, 108, 163 Dot graphics commands, 161 Dot matrix, 97 Double density graphics, 1[...]

Expanded print, 27, 33, 47, 53, 140 Extra functions, 10, 33 Feeding paper, 10, 13 <FF), 61, 149 Font pitch commands, 137 Font style commands, 133 Foreign language characters, 87,122, 134 Form feed, 61, 149 Form feed commands, 149 Form feed, reverse, 61 Forward micro-feed, 35 Gap, adjusting, 16 Graphics, 84 CRT, 110, 111 CRT type II, 110, 111 dat[...]

199 Paper separator, 7, 14 Paper thickness, adjustment, 16 Paper-out, 122 Paper-out detector, 78 Parallel interface, 187 Pica Ditch. 26.33, 46.137 Pitch; 26, ’46, “137 Pitch indicators, 9 Platen, 7 Platen knob, 10 Plotter graphics, 110, Power cord, 7 Power indicator, 9 Power switch, 10 Print head, 7, 118 Print pitch, 26 Print pitch key, 9, 34 1[...]

Consumer Response Star Micronics Co., Ltd. invites your suggestions and com- ments on your printer and this manual. Please address your cor- respondence to: Worldwide Headquutiers: STAR MICRONICS CO., LTD. 194 Nakayoshida Shizuoka, JAPAN 422-91 Attn: Product Manager American Market: STAR MICRONICS AMERICA INC. Pan Am Bldg., Suite 3510 200 Park Aven[...]

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