Intel ZT8101 manuale d’uso

ZT8101 Switch User’s Manual December 200 1[...]

2 ZT81 01 User’s Manual Information in this doc ument is prov ided in connection with I ntel ® products. No license, express or implied, by estoppel o r otherwise, to any intellectual property rights is granted by this docu ment. Except as provided in Intel’s T erms and Conditions of Sale for such products, Intel assume s no liability whatsoev[...]

ZT8101 User ’ s Manual 3 Contents Contents 1 Introduction ... ............. ............. ............. ............. ............. ................... ............. ............. ............. ...... 9 Highlights ................. ............. ............. ............. ............ ............. ............. ............. ...................[...]

4 ZT81 01 User ’ s Manual Contents Priority ............ ............. ................... ............. ............. ............. ............. ............. ............. ....... 26 Filtering ... ............. ............. ............. ............. ............. ............. ............. ............. ................... . 26 MAC Addres [...]

ZT8101 User ’ s Manual 5 Contents Switch In formatio n ......... ............. ............. ............. ............. ................... ............. .... 49 Basic Switch Setup ........ ....... ...... ............. ...... ............. ....... ............. ...... ............. .... 49 Network M anagement Setup ......................... ....[...]

6 ZT81 01 User ’ s Manual Contents To configu re a por t for mirror ing .................... ............. ............. .............. 71 VLAN Con figurati on .... ............. ............. ............ ............. ............. .................... ....... 71 To configu re GVRP gl obally ........ ............. ............. ............. ..[...]

ZT8101 User ’ s Manual 7 Contents To update firmw are .................. ............. ............. ............. ............. .......... 92 To dow nload a c onfigura tion file ........... ............. ............. ............. .......... 93 To uploa d a config uration file ... ............. ............. ............. ............. ........[...]

8 ZT81 01 User ’ s Manual Contents Link Aggr egation .. ............. ............. ............. ................... ............. ............. ............ 113 To configu re a lin k aggregati on group .................. ............. ............. ..... 1 14 Layer 3 - IP Netw orking ........... ............. ............. ............ ........[...]

ZT8101 User ’ s Manual 9 Introduction 1 The ZT8101 b oard is a hi gh performa nce managed swi tch that sup ports both Layer 2 and Layer 3 features. For fast connectio n speeds and flexibi lity , it has 24 10/100 Mbps Fast Ethernet p orts and 2 gigabit Ethernet ports i n a 6U CompactPC I* form factor board. The i n-chassis swi tch minimi zes exter[...]

10 ZT81 01 User ’ s Manual Introduction • Per device packet buf fer: 512 KB • 8.8 Gbps s witching fabric cap acity • Store an d forward sw itching fo rwarding mo de • 8 KB Layer 2 MAC ad dress • Broadcast and mult icast storm contr ol • Port mirro ring • Port aggregation • IEEE 802.1D S panning T ree Protocol • IEEE 802.1Q tagg [...]

ZT8101 User ’ s Manual 11 Introduction Management Functions • RS-232 port for out -of-band management and system diagn ostics • T e ln et remote control console • W eb-based mana gement console • SNMP v1 Ag ent • Support ed MIBs — MIB-II — Brid ge MIB — RMON MIB (Statistics, History , Alarm, Event) — RIP MI B — CIDR MIB — 80[...]

12 ZT81 01 User ’ s Manual Introduction[...]

ZT8101 User ’ s Manual 13 Installation and Initial Setup 2 This chapter provides installati on and initial setup infor mation for the switch. Inst alling the Board These instruction s explain the mechanical aspects of ins talling a ZT8101b oard. The board s hould be installed in a PICMG* 2.16 complian t f a bric sl ot. 1. System power does not ne[...]

14 ZT81 01 User ’ s Manual Installation and Initial Setup Power on After the power switch is tu rned on, the LED indicators should res pon d as fo llo ws: • All LED indicators will mo mentarily blink, which repres ents a reset of the system. • The board status LED indicator will blink while the switch lo ads onboard software and performs a se[...]

ZT8101 User ’ s Manual 15 Installation and Initial Setup Identifying External Co mponents This chapt er describes the front panel and the LED indi cators of the ZT -8101swi tch. The front panel consi sts of LED ind icators, a managemen t serial port , a toggle but ton, two 1 0/100 Ethernet ports, and two 100 /1000 Ethe rnet ports. 23 24 12 34 56 [...]

16 ZT81 01 User ’ s Manual Installation and Initial Setup St atu s L E D s The two LEDs at the bottom of the font panel are status LEDs. The top LED indicates the ov erall status of the board and the bottom LED indicates th e hot swap status of the board. Health S t atus LED Hot S wap LE D Port LE Ds The LED array on the fron t pa nel di sp lays [...]

ZT8101 User ’ s Manual 17 Installation and Initial Setup Link / S peed LED Mode Gettin g S t arted wit h Manage ment The switch contains the fo llowing components: • A CPU • Memory for d ata stor age • Flash memory fo r configuration data, o perational programs, an d SNMP agent firmware. These components allow you to manage and monitor the [...]

18 ZT81 01 User ’ s Manual Installation and Initial Setup The serial port on the f ront panel uses Cisco* cable kit (Order Number : ACS-DSBUAS YN). This kit includes a DB25 terminal ad apter , a DB-9 terminal adapter , and RJ-45 rollover cable. A terminal (such as a VT -100) or a computer running a terminal emulation program (such a s HyperT ermi[...]

ZT8101 User ’ s Manual 19 Installation and Initial Setup 2. T o configure the IP address, use the Arro w keys or the T ab key to modify the s ettings in the New Switch IP Settings colum n. 3. T o configu re a name an d contact inform ation for the switch, enter in formation in the followin g fields. 4. Highli ght APPL Y and press Enter . 5. Press[...]

20 ZT81 01 User ’ s Manual Installation and Initial Setup 4. When the power on self test message appears, press the # key and wait for the following message: Please change your baud rate to 1 15200 for the Zmod em upgrade, or press CTR L+C to go to the BOOT Menu. If you press CTRL +C, you can configu re the baud rate to a different value. 5. Chan[...]

ZT8101 User ’ s Manual 21 Switch Management and Operating Concepts 3 This chapt er describes man y of the concept s you need to un derstand to configure and manage the switch. It also describe s many of the features available for managing th e switch. The instructions for configur ing the switch are in chapter 4 (T elnet Console) and chapter 5 (W[...]

22 ZT81 01 User ’ s Manual Switch Management and Oper at ing Concepts • Swit ch di agno sti cs — The PROM loader au tomatically runs memory diagnostics each time the switch i s booted. • Reset to f actory defaults — The swi tch includes an option that allows you to reset the configuration to the factory defaults. Y ou can select t o reset[...]

ZT8101 User ’ s Manual 23 Switch Management and Oper ating Concepts • Back pressure — The switch fakes a co llis ion and then transmits a jam sequ ence to ens ure all stations are notified of the “ collision . ” This causes the sending ports to trigger their back- off routines and reduces the amount of traf fic on the port. The port type [...]

24 ZT81 01 User ’ s Manual Switch Management and Oper at ing Concepts DNS Relay The Domain Name System (DNS) is used to map names to I P addresses. DNS relay enab les the switch to act as a DNS cache or pro xy . It forwards DNS requests to DNS servers only if it can ’ t resolve the name f rom its cache. If you enable DNS relay on the switch, yo[...]

ZT8101 User ’ s Manual 25 Switch Management and Oper ating Concepts • For unicast packets, you speci fy the MAC address and then either select the port that they will be forwarde d to or have th em dropped ( called “ BlackHole ” ). • For multicast packets, you specify the MAC address and then select the ports they can b e forwarded t o. S[...]

26 ZT81 01 User ’ s Manual Switch Management and Oper at ing Concepts Router Port s Router ports allow mu lticast pack ets to be p rop agated throu gho ut the network . R outer por ts can be either static or dynamic. Static router po rts are special routes that you manually enter into the switch ’ s routing table. Usually it is a port that has [...]

ZT8101 User ’ s Manual 27 Switch Management and Oper ating Concepts Each port on the switch is a unique collision domain, and the switch filters (dis cards) packets whose destination lies on the same port as where it or iginated. This keeps local p ackets from disruptin g communicatio ns on other parts of t he network. The switch does some filter[...]

28 ZT81 01 User ’ s Manual Switch Management and Oper at ing Concepts • The target p ort cannot belong to a link aggregation group . • The target p ort should be operating at the sam e or higher speed than the source port. If the target port is operating at a lower speed than the source port, packets will be lost. S p anning T ree Prot ocol T[...]

ZT8101 User ’ s Manual 29 Switch Management and Oper ating Concepts STP Par ameters for t he Switch Level The followi ng are the user -configurable STP parameters for the switch level . Use the following formu las when setting these par ameters: • Max Age = 2 x (Forward Del ay -1second) • Mag Age = 2 x (H ello T ime + 1 s econd) STP Par amete[...]

30 ZT81 01 User ’ s Manual Switch Management and Oper at ing Concepts Link A ggrega tion Link aggregation allows several p orts to be grouped s o that they can act as a single port. Th is is done to either increas e the bandwidth of a networ k connection or to ensure fault recover y . The grou p ha s the f oll owi ng ass ignm ent s: • Master po[...]

ZT8101 User ’ s Manual 31 Switch Management and Oper ating Concepts • Load balancing is automati cally applied to the links in the aggregation group, and a link failure within the group causes th e networ k traffic to be directed to the remaining lin k s in the group. • Switches that use a load-balanc ing scheme that se nds the packets of a h[...]

32 ZT81 01 User ’ s Manual Switch Management and Oper at ing Concepts • Member ports The complexity of the VLAN configurat ion is hidden. The switch applies the follo wing rules when it creates the VLAN: • T agged frames are dis card ed. W ith port-based VLANs, fr ames are assu med to be untagged, s o that the VLAN members do not r eceive fra[...]

ZT8101 User ’ s Manual 33 Switch Management and Oper ating Concepts A global fl ag control s the switch ’ s ability to participate in dynamically configured VLANs. If the GVRP flag is enabled, ports can dynamically reg ister to be a member of a VLAN. If the flag is disabled, only statically configured ports can be members of VLANs. The default [...]

34 ZT81 01 User ’ s Manual Switch Management and Oper at ing Concepts Layer 3-Based VLANs Layer 3-based VLANs use netwo rk-layer addres ses (subnet address for TCP/IP) to determine VLAN membership. These VLANs are based on Layer 3 information, but this does not constitute a “ routing ” function. Note: The ZT8101 allows an IP subnet to be conf[...]

ZT8101 User ’ s Manual 35 Switch Management and Oper ating Concepts Additional IP Interfaces T o add an IP interface to the switch, you must first configur e a VLAN and then associate an IP address (subnet mas k and gateway) with the VLAN. These u ser-defined IP interfaces dif fer from the System IP interface in the follo wing ways: • They cann[...]

36 ZT81 01 User ’ s Manual Switch Management and Oper at ing Concepts Multicasting Multicasting is a group o f protocols and tools t hat enable a single so urce point to send packets to groups of multip le destination points with persistent connections that last for some am ount of time. The main advantage o f multicasting, when compared to b roa[...]

ZT8101 User ’ s Manual 37 Switch Management and Oper ating Concepts The ZT8101 s w it ch s upp ort s bo th IG MPv1 and IGMPv2. Y ou can select which v e rs ion t o us e on a particular VLAN. IGMPv2 is an enhan cement to the original IGMP and includes a few ex tensions such as a procedure for the election o f the mu lticast qu erier fo r each LAN,[...]

38 ZT81 01 User ’ s Manual Switch Management and Oper at ing Concepts Y ou can configure the switch to snoop and to keep track of IGMP gro ups. These two interact in the following ways: • If the IP interface has I GMP Snooping configured for the associated VLAN, the configu ration of IGMP Snooping will be overwr itten by the IGMP group settings[...]

ZT8101 User ’ s Manual 39 Switch Management and Oper ating Concepts Protocol-Independent Multicast - Dense Mode (PIM-DM) The Protocol Independent Mul ticast - Dense Mode (PIM-DM) prot ocol should be used i n networks with a low delay (low latency) and high band width because PIM-DM is o ptimized to guarantee delivery of multicas t packets, not to[...]

40 ZT81 01 User ’ s Manual Switch Management and Oper at ing Concepts[...]

ZT8101 User ’ s Guide 41 Using the T e lnet Console 4 Y o ur ZT8101 Fast Ethernet Switch supports a console managem ent interface that allows you to set up and cont rol your s witch, either with an ordin ary terminal (or terminal emulator) or over a TCP/ IP network u sing a T elnet application. This chapter describes ho w to use the T elnet Conso[...]

42 ZT8101 U ser ’ s Guid e Using the T e lnet Console network device, and can be used to intelligently allo cate bandwidth to time-critical applications such as th e integration of voice, video , and data on t he network. • Develop a redundancy schem e — Planning redund ant links and r outes to ne twork-critical resources can save valuable ti[...]

ZT8101 User ’ s Guide 43 Using the T elnet Console Getting S t arted This section describ es the conventions (function k eys and entry fields ) and explains how to log in to the switch for the first ti me. Console Usage Conventions Y ou can use the following function keys with the T eln et Console. Y o u use the following fields to enter or selec[...]

44 ZT8101 U ser ’ s Guid e Using the T e lnet Console • 9,600 ba ud • 8 data bits • No p arit y • One st op bi t • No flow cont rol Y ou can also access the same function s over a T elnet interface. Once you have set an IP ad dress for your switch, yo u can use a T elnet program (in VT -100 compatible terminal mod e) to access and contr[...]

ZT8101 User ’ s Guide 45 Using the T elnet Console Mai n Me nu The Main Menu has these options. • Basic Setup — Switch Information — Display information ab out th e switch ’ s hardware and firmwar e. — Basic Switch Setup — Configur e the s witch ’ s IP address. — Serial Port Settings — Conf igure th e switch ’ s serial port th[...]

46 ZT8101 U ser ’ s Guid e Using the T e lnet Console — IP Address Filtering — Configure filters to drop packets f r om sp ecified IP addresses or MAC addresses. — MAC Address Priority — Configur e specified MAC addresses for priority ha ndling on source addres s, destinati on address , or both. — Mirror ing Con fi gurat ions — Config[...]

ZT8101 User ’ s Guide 47 Using the T elnet Console Note: Remeber t hat APP L Y makes changes to the s witch configuration for the current s essi on only . All changes (incl uding use r additions or updates) m ust be entere d into non-v olatile RAM us ing the Save Changes command on the Main Menu, if yo u want these ch anges to be p ermanent. Admi[...]

48 ZT8101 U ser ’ s Guid e Using the T e lnet Console T o save cha nges to NV -RAM 1. T o retain any confi guration chan ges permanently , from the Main Menu select Sa ve Changes and press Enter . 2. A nswer Y es to the confirmation prompt. Reboot 1. From the Main Menu, select Rebo o t and press Enter . 2. High lig ht on e of t hes e opti ons a n[...]

ZT8101 User ’ s Guide 49 Using the T elnet Console Swit c h Inf or ma t i on The Switch Information screen disp lay s descriptive information about the swit ch. From the Main Menu, select Switch Informat ion . This screen contains the following infor mation. Basic Switch Setup Use the Basic Network Setup m e nu to se t the bo ot-u p op eration fo[...]

50 ZT8101 U ser ’ s Guid e Using the T e lnet Console 3. T o configure a name and con tact information for the switch, enter information in these fields. 4. Highlight APPL Y and press Enter . Get IP From Description The switch uses the Get IP From setting to determine where to g et its IP addr ess. Y o u must use the Manual option if you want to [...]

ZT8101 User ’ s Guide 51 Using the T elnet Console Network Management Setup Y ou u se th e Net work Mana gem ent Setu p scr e en s t o dis pla y and m odif y pa r am e ter s for t h e Si m ple Network Managem ent Protoco l (SNMP). The switch inclu des an on-board SNMP agent that monitors the status of its h ardware, as well as the traffic passing[...]

52 ZT8101 U ser ’ s Guid e Using the T e lnet Console T o configure the a ccess lis t Y ou can specify the IP addresses of up to three management stations that will be allowed access to the management agent of the switch . If you enter IP addresses in this form , only the management stations with those IP addr esses are allowed to access the mana[...]

ZT8101 User ’ s Guide 53 Using the T elnet Console 4. Use the spacebar to toggle thes e fields to the approp riate value. 5. Highli ght APPL Y and press Enter . Swit c h Ut il itie s Y ou can upgrade the sw itch ’ s firmware by trans ferring a new firmware file from an TFTP (T rivial File T ransfer Protocol) server to the switch. Y ou can also [...]

54 ZT8101 U ser ’ s Guid e Using the T e lnet Console T o up date firmware The switch is rebooted af ter new firmwa re is do wnloaded. I f you h ave any cu rrent settings that you have not saved to non-volatile R AM, use the Save Changes option on the Main Menu before starting these steps. 1. From the Main Menu, select Switch Utilities | Download[...]

ZT8101 User ’ s Guide 55 Using the T elnet Console 2. In the Server IP Add ress field, enter the IP addres s of the TFTP server . 3. In the PathF ilename f ield , enter the path on the TFTP server and th e filename. 4. Highli ght S A VE SETTING S and press Enter . This saves the IP address of the TFTP server so that the next time you access this[...]

56 ZT8101 U ser ’ s Guid e Using the T e lnet Console 2. Configure these fields. 3. Highlight APPL Y and press Enter . 4. If you enabled BOOTP/DHC P Relay , highl ight BOOT P/DHCP Relay Interface Configurat ion and press Enter . 5. T oggle the Act ion field to Add and configure these fields. 6. Highlight APPL Y and press Enter to make the change [...]

ZT8101 User ’ s Guide 57 Using the T elnet Console 2. Configure these f ields. 3. Highli ght APPL Y and press Enter . 4. If you enab led DNS S tatic T able Lookup, hi ghlight S tatic T able Conf igu ration and press Enter . 5. T oggle the Action field to Add and configu re these fields. 6. Highli ght APPL Y and press Enter to make the change cu r[...]

58 ZT8101 U ser ’ s Guid e Using the T e lnet Console The Port Utilization screen displays these st atistics. T o view por t error st atistics 1. From the Main Menu, select Network Monitoring | Port Err o r Packets and press Enter . 2. In the Port field, enter the po rt number to view . 3. T oggle the Interval field to suspend or a value from 2 s[...]

ZT8101 User ’ s Guide 59 Using the T elnet Console T o vi e w an ana lysis of packet size s and t ype s 1. From the Main Menu, select Network Monitoring | Port Packet Analysis and press En ter . 2. In the Port fie ld, enter the port number to be analyzed. 3. T oggle the Interval fiel d to suspend or to a value from 2 seconds to 1 minute. This f i[...]

60 ZT8101 U ser ’ s Guid e Using the T e lnet Console The following infor mation is displayed for each MAC address. 4. T o clear all entries and force the switch to rebuild the table, highlight CLEAR ALL and press Enter . If you have select ed to browse by por t, you will have the option o f clearing all the entries for the specified port. T o vi[...]

ZT8101 User ’ s Guide 61 Using the T elnet Console T o view t he ARP t able 1. From the Main Menu, select Network M onitoring | ARP T a ble and press Enter . 2. Enter the IP interface nam e and the IP address, highlight FIND , and press Enter . The following informatio n is di sp layed in the table. 3. T o delete an entry from the table, enter it[...]

62 ZT8101 U ser ’ s Guid e Using the T e lnet Console The Router Port tabl e contains the VLAN name, and under t he port groupings (1 to 8, 9 to 16, 17 to 24, and 25 t o 26), a p ort is assign ed an “ S ” if the port is a s tatic router port, a “ D ” if the port has been dynamically assign ed to be a router port, or a “ - ” i f the po[...]

ZT8101 User ’ s Guide 63 Using the T elnet Console 3. Highli ght FIND and p ress Ente r . The IGMP Group table con tains the following in formation. T o view the DVMRP routing t able Y o u can search the DVMRP routing table with an IP add ress and subnet mask combination . 1. From the Main Menu, select Network M onitoring | DVMRP Routing T abl e [...]

64 ZT8101 U ser ’ s Guid e Using the T e lnet Console Advanced Setup Most of the following op tions can b e con fi gu red i n depen dent ly of the other op tions. How eve r , you must configur e a VLAN before you c an configure an IP interface for it. Spann i n g T r ee The Spanning T ree Protocol (STP) prevents loops in a network by allowing onl[...]

ZT8101 User ’ s Guide 65 Using the T elnet Console 4. Highli ght APPL Y and press Enter . The following information is displayed about STP . T o define the port members of an STP group The switch allows you to configu re Spann ing T ree Groups that consist of a g rou p of p orts that will be handled as though t hey were a si ngle spanni ng tree d[...]

66 ZT8101 U ser ’ s Guid e Using the T e lnet Console 2. Configure these fields. 3. Highlight APPL Y and press Enter . The table displays this additional informati on about the port. Forwar ding Forwarding reduces traf fic congestion on the network because packets are tran smitted only to the destination port ra ther th an to all p orts. The swit[...]

ZT8101 User ’ s Guide 67 Using the T elnet Console Address is allowed to remain idl e). The aging time can be set to an y value between 10 — 1,000, 000 second s. The defaul t is 300 s econds (5 mi nutes). 3. Highli ght APPL Y and press Enter . T o configure unicast MAC ad dress forwarding Unicast addresses are used to transmit mess ages from a [...]

68 ZT8101 U ser ’ s Guid e Using the T e lnet Console 4. T o modify an ent ry , toggle the Action field to Add/Modify , enter the VLAN Name and MAC add ress, conf igur e th e po r ts, hi ghl i g ht APPL Y , and pres s Enter . 5. T o delete an entr y , toggle th e Action field to Delete , enter the VLAN Name and MAC add ress, highligh t APPL Y , a[...]

ZT8101 User ’ s Guide 69 Using the T elnet Console T o configure static IP routes 1. From the Main Menu, select Forwarding | S tatic/Default Routes and press En ter . 2. T oggle the Action field to Add and configu re these fields. 3. Highli ght APPL Y and press Enter . 4. T o delete a route, toggle the Action field to Delete , enter the route inf[...]

70 ZT8101 U ser ’ s Guid e Using the T e lnet Console 3. Configure these fields. 4. Highlight APPL Y and press Enter . 5. T o remove an entry , toggle the Action field to Delete , enter the IP address an d the direction, highligh t APPL Y , and press Enter . MAC Address Priority Y ou can specify a MAC address so that packets with this addr ess ar[...]

ZT8101 User ’ s Guide 71 Using the T elnet Console Mirrori ng Confi gurations Incoming or outgoing traf fic from any source port can b e mirrored for real-time analysis. A logic analyzer or a RMON prob e can then be attached to study the traf fic crossing the so urce port in a completely unobtru sive manner . W hen mirroring po rt traffic, r emem[...]

72 ZT8101 U ser ’ s Guid e Using the T e lnet Console T o create or modif y a port-base d VLAN 1. From the Main Menu, select VLAN Configura tions | Configure VLAN Settings and press Enter . 2. T oggle the Act ion field to Add/Modif y and configure these fie lds. 3. Highlight APPL Y and press Enter . T o create or modify an 802. 1Q VLAN 1. From th[...]

ZT8101 User ’ s Guide 73 Using the T elnet Console 4. Highli ght APPL Y and press Enter . 5. T o enter the change into non-volatile RAM, h ighlight Save Chan ges from the Main Menu and press Enter . T o configure the member port s of an 802.1Q VLAN 1. From the Main Menu, select VLAN Conf igurations | IEEE 80 2.1Q Port Setti ngs and press Enter . [...]

74 ZT8101 U ser ’ s Guid e Using the T e lnet Console Li nk Aggr ega tio n Link aggregation allows se veral ports to be groupe d together so that they can act as a s ingle port. This is done to eith er incr ease the ban dwidth of a networ k co nn ection o r to increas e fau lt toleran ce. Link Aggr egat ion i s m ost com monly u sed t o l ink a b[...]

ZT8101 User ’ s Guide 75 Using the T elnet Console Setting Up IP I nterfaces Each IP interface on th e switch corresponds to a VLAN. A VLAN, which does no t have a corresponding IP interface defined fo r it, will function as a Lay er 2-only VLAN. The swit ch allows ran ges of IP addr esses (O SI Layer 3) to be assigned to VLANs (O SI Layer 2). Ea[...]

76 ZT8101 U ser ’ s Guid e Using the T e lnet Console 5. Configure these fields. 6. Highlight APPL Y and press Enter . Multicast Global Con figur ations The Multicast Glo bal Configurations screen is only for glob ally enabling or disab ling the multicast routing protoco ls on the switch. Each VLAN or IP Interface uses these glob al values unless[...]

ZT8101 User ’ s Guide 77 Using the T elnet Console IGMP Conf iguratio n The Internet Grou p Management Protocol ( IGMP) allows the switch to forward multicast traf fic intelligently o n the switch. The switch “ snoops ” the IGMP q uery and report messages and forwards traffic on ly to the ports that requ est the multicast traff ic. This preve[...]

78 ZT8101 U ser ’ s Guid e Using the T e lnet Console T o configure IGMP for an IP interface 1. From the Main Menu, select Layer 3 - IP Networking Setup | IGMP Interface Configura tions and press En ter . 2. Configure these fields. 3. Highlight APPL Y and press Enter . Note: When IGMP is enabled on an interf ace, the switch IGMP snooping flag is [...]

ZT8101 User ’ s Guide 79 Using the T elnet Console 3. Highli ght APPL Y and press Enter . PIM-DM Interface Configurations The Protocol Independent Mul ticast - Dense Mode (PIM-DM) prot ocol should be used i n networks with a low delay (low latency) and high band width because PIM-DM is o ptimized to guarantee delivery of multicas t packets, not t[...]

80 ZT8101 U ser ’ s Guid e Using the T e lnet Console The purpose of a router port is to enab le UDP multicast packets and IGMP multicast group membership messages to reach multiple ports of a multi-port router . Ro u ters do not implement IGMP snooping or transmit/fo rward IGMP report packets. Thus, forwarding all IP UDP multicast packets to a s[...]

ZT8101 Users Gu ide 81 Using the W e b Console 5 The ZT8101 s witch has an embed ded W eb server that allows you to m anage the switch from anywhere on t he network thro ugh a standar d browser s uch as Netscape* Navigator or Micro soft* Internet Explorer . The W eb browser communicates directly with th e switch using the HTTP protocol. The W eb Co[...]

82 ZT8101 U sers Guide Using the Web Console VLANs function as a Layer 2 VLAN and req uire an external router to connect to the r est of the network. • Develop a policy scheme — Some subnets will have a greater need for multicasting bandwidth, for ex ample. A policy is a mechanis m to alter the normal packet fo rwarding in a network device, and[...]

ZT8101 Users Gu ide 83 Using the Web Console Y o u determine how these packets are routed by en tering static routes into the switch ’ s static/d efault routing table. Getting S t arted The first step required to us e the W eb Console for the first time is to secur e a browser such as Netscape Navigat or or Micros oft Internet E xplorer . The sec[...]

84 ZT8101 U sers Guide Using the Web Console Configuration Op tions The left panel has these optio ns. • Basic S etup — Switch Information — Display information about the swit ch ’ s hardware, firm ware, and protocol configurati on. — Basic Switch Setup — Configure the switch ’ s IP address. — Serial Port Settings — Configure the [...]

ZT8101 Users Gu ide 85 Using the Web Console — Switch Utilities — V iew the hi story log, p ing other d evices, and man age firmware and configur ation files . — Network Moni toring — V iew va rio us st a ti s t i cs by por t or pr oto col a n d to v iew vari o us routing tables. — Factory Reset — Restart the switch using the default fa[...]

86 ZT8101 U sers Guide Using the Web Console The table summarizes the Admin and User privileges: After establishing a User Acco unt with Admin-level pr ivileges, highlight Save Chan ges and pres s Enter . The switch will s ave any changes to its non-volatile RAM. Y ou can now log in as th at user and continu e configur ing the swi tch. Saving Chang[...]

ZT8101 Users Gu ide 87 Using the Web Console Rest art 1. T o restart the switch, in the left panel click Rebo ot . 2. Click Ye s to save the curre nt switch configuration to non-volatile R AM (flash RAM), or No if you want t o restart t he switch using the last- saved (previo us) configur ation. 3. Click Re sta rt . Factory Reset The Factory Reset [...]

88 ZT8101 U sers Guide Using the Web Console Switch I nfor mation The Switch Information s creen displays descriptive information about the s witch. In the left panel, click Switch Information . This screen contains the following information. Basic Switch Setup Use the Basic Switch Setu p screen to set the boot-up option f or obtainin g an IP addre[...]

ZT8101 Users Gu ide 89 Using the Web Console 3. T o configure a name and contact info rmation for the switch , enter information in these fields. 4. Click Apply . Get IP F rom Descr iption The switch uses the Get IP From setting to dete rmine wher e to get its IP address. Y ou must use the Manual option if y ou want to configure mu ltiple IP interf[...]

90 ZT8101 U sers Guide Using the Web Console Serial Port Setti ngs The Serial Port Settings screen allows the configuration of the s witch ’ s seri al port, whi ch is on th e front panel. T erminals m us t m atch these s ettings to connect to the switch . 1. In the left panel, click Serial Port Settin gs . 2. Configure these fields. V alues for d[...]

ZT8101 Users Gu ide 91 Using the Web Console attached to the network, called a Network Management St ation (NMS), can be used to access this information. Access rig hts to the on-board agen t are controlled by c ommunity strings. T o communicate with the switch , the NMS mu st f ir st s ubmit a valid community string for authentication. T o configu[...]

92 ZT8101 U sers Guide Using the Web Console T o configure management st ation IP addresses Y ou can specify the IP addresses of up to three management stations that will be allowed access to the management agent of the switch . If you enter IP addresses in this form , only the management stations with those IP addr esses are allowed to access the [...]

ZT8101 Users Gu ide 93 Using the Web Console When the download is complet ed, the switch automatically reboo ts an d executes the new r untim e firmware. T o download a configuration file 1. In the left panel, click Switch Utilit ies . 2. In the top panel under TFTP Services, clic k Download Con fi gurat io n from TFTP Server . 3. In the Server IP [...]

94 ZT8101 U sers Guide Using the Web Console T o test connectivity with ping 1. In the left panel , select Switch Utilities. 2. In the top panel under Others , click Pin g T est . 3. Configure these fields. 4. T o start the test, click St a r t . A window appears to display the results of the tes t. If you sele cted a large number of repetitions, y[...]

ZT8101 Users Gu ide 95 Using the Web Console 3. Configure these f ields. 4. Click Apply . T o conf igure the static BOOTP r elay s etup Y o u must configure the BOOTP/DCHP relay agent so that it kn ows the servers ’ IP add resses and subnet names (IP in terface names). 1. In the left panel, click Switch Utilit ies . 2. In the top panel under Ot h[...]

96 ZT8101 U sers Guide Using the Web Console When the switch receives packets destined for a DNS server and the requests are not statically defined in the switch or p reviously cached, the switch fo rwards them to the servers as defined in the following configu ration. The switch also forward s packets from the DNS servers back to the appropriat e [...]

ZT8101 Users Gu ide 97 Using the Web Console Port St atistics T o view port utiliza tion 1. In the left panel, click Network Monitori ng. 2. In the top panel under Statistics, click Port Utilization . 3. T o change the refresh i nterval, se lect a value from the drop-down menu. 4. T o clear the gathered st atistics, click Clear . The screen display[...]

98 ZT8101 U sers Guide Using the Web Console T o view an a nalysis of pa cket sizes and types 1. In the left panel, click Network Monitoring . 2. In the top panel under S tatistics, click Port Packet Analysis. 3. In the Port field, select the por t to view . 4. I n the In terval field, select the interval for upda tin g the stati stics. 5. T o clea[...]

ZT8101 Users Gu ide 99 Using the Web Console Address T ables T o view t he MAC address t able 1. In the left panel, click Network Monitori ng. 2. In the top panel under T ables, cli ck MAC Address T able. 3. Select how you want to view the MAC ad dresses: — Search T able By VLAN — Allows you to enter a VLAN name and find all known MAC addresses[...]

100 ZT8101 Use rs Guide Using the Web Console T o view the routing t able 1. In the left panel, click Network Monitoring . 2. In the top panel under T ables, click Routing T able. 3. In the entry boxes, enter the following in form ation T o find al l known rout es, enter 0.0 .0.0 for all the addresse s. 4. Click Find. The following informati on is [...]

ZT8101 Users Gu ide 101 Using the Web Console The following ARP inf orm atio n is displ ayed. Statu s T o view GVRP St atus 1. In the left panel, click Network Monitori ng. 2. In the top panel under S tatus, cl ick GVRP S tatus. The screen contains this information. If more than one IEEE 802.1Q VLAN has been defined for the switch, click Next to vi[...]

102 ZT8101 Use rs Guide Using the Web Console T o view IGMP snooping st atus 1. In the left panel, click Network Monitoring . 2. In the top panel under S tatus, cli ck IGMP Sn oopin g S tatu s. 3. In the VLAN Name field, enter the name of the VLAN to retrieve IGMP snooping informati on. 4. Click Find. The table displays this information. T o view t[...]

ZT8101 Users Gu ide 103 Using the Web Console 3. In the Interface Name field, enter the name of an IP interface. 4. In the Multicast Group field, enter the IP add ress of a multicast group . T o find all grou ps for the specified IP interfac e, use 0.0.0.0 fo r the address. 5. Click Find . The table displays this inf orm atio n. T o view the DVMRP [...]

104 ZT8101 Use rs Guide Using the Web Console The Switch History screen contain s this information Advanced Setup Most of the following op tions can b e con fi gu red i n depen dent ly of the other op tions. How eve r , you must configur e a VLAN before you c an configure an IP interface for it. Sp anning T ree Protocol The Spanning T ree Protocol [...]

ZT8101 Users Gu ide 105 Using the Web Console 4. Configure t he followi ng fields. Th e factory de fault settin gs should cover the majori ty of installations , and most installations sh ould keep these default sett ings. 5. Click Apply . The following information is displayed about STP . Field Default Description Max Age 20 S pecifies the maximum [...]

106 ZT8101 Use rs Guide Using the Web Console T o define the port members of an STP group The switch allo ws you to config ure Spanning Tree Groups that consist of a grou p of ports that will be handled as though they were a s ingle sp anning tree device. An STP g roup uses the switch-l evel parameters entered above, with the addition of port prior[...]

ZT8101 Users Gu ide 107 Using the Web Console T o configure MAC address aging A very long MAC addr ess aging time can result in out-of -date dynamic entries that may cause incorrect packet filtering an d forwarding decisions. A v ery short aging time may cau se entries to be aged out too s oon, which results in a high p ercentage of received packet[...]

108 ZT8101 Use rs Guide Using the Web Console 3. Click New and configure these fields. 4. Click Apply . T o configure storm control The storm control s ettin gs allow you to specify thr esholds for broadcast o r multicas t traffic that will activate stor m con trol. W hen the thresh old is exceeded, the switch drops the broadcast or multicast traff[...]

ZT8101 Users Gu ide 109 Using the Web Console The table displays this in f orm atio n about the ports: T o configure static IP routes 1. In the left panel, click Fo rwa rd in g . 2. In the top panel under IP Forwarding , click S tatic/Defaul t Routes . 3. Click Ne w and configure th ese fields. 4. Click Apply . 5. T o delete a route, s elect the en[...]

110 ZT8101 Use rs Guide Using the Web Console IP Address Filtering Y ou can manually configu re the switch to drop packets from s pecified MAC and IP add resses . For information ab out spec ifying MAC ad dresses to drop, see the Forwarding | Unicast MAC Address Settin g screen T o specify an IP addr ess for filtering 1. In the left panel, click IP[...]

ZT8101 Users Gu ide 111 Using the Web Console 3. Click Apply . 4. T o remove an en try , select the entry in the table and click Delete . Mirrori ng Confi gurations Incoming or outgoi ng traff ic from any s ource port can b e mirrored for realtime anal ysis. A logi c analyzer or a RMON prob e can then be attached to study the traf fic crossing the [...]

112 ZT8101 Use rs Guide Using the Web Console VLAN Configurations The switch allows the assignment o f an IP interface to each VLAN. A VLAN must be configured before setting up its IP interface. Y ou can create either a po rt-based or an IEEE 80 2.1Q VLAN. By default, all ports belong to an IEEE 802.1 Q VLAN called “ default. ” Al though th is [...]

ZT8101 Users Gu ide 113 Using the Web Console 4. Click Apply . T o configure me mber port s of an 802. 1Q VLAN 1. In the left panel, click VLAN C onfigurations . 2. I n th e top p ane l , cl i ck IEEE 802.1Q Po rt Settings . 3. For each port, ena ble or disable the following: 4. Click Apply . Link Aggregation Link aggr egation allows s everal ports[...]

114 ZT8101 Use rs Guide Using the Web Console Y ou can configure up to six ag gregation grou ps, each using f rom two to eight por ts between any two ZT8101 switches or other swit ches that sup port Etherch annel. Etherchan nel is only required for this first release. In the second release, the p orts can be from any s witch that is compliant with [...]

ZT8101 Users Gu ide 115 Using the Web Console 3. Click Ne w an d configure these f ields. 4. Click Apply . 5. T o delete an IP interface, h ighlight the interface and click Delete . If you modify an existing IP interface an d apply the changes, the RIP and IP multicast interface configurations are r eset to default values. RIP Co nfigurat ion The R[...]

116 ZT8101 Use rs Guide Using the Web Console 4. Configure these fields. 5. Click Apply . Multicast Global Con figur ations The Multicast Glo bal Configurations screen is only for glob ally enabling or disab ling the multicast routing protoco ls on the switch. Each VLAN or IP Interface uses these glob al values unless you configured i t to use spec[...]

ZT8101 Users Gu ide 117 Using the Web Console IGMP Con figur ations The Internet Grou p Management Protocol ( IGMP) allows the switch to forward multicast traf fic intelligently on the switch. The switch “ snoop s ” the IRMP qu ery and re port messages and forwards traffic on ly to the ports that requ est the multicast traff ic. This prevents t[...]

118 ZT8101 Use rs Guide Using the Web Console T o configure IGMP for an IP interface 1. In the left panel, click L ayer 3 IP Network ing . 2. In the top panel under IP Mult icast Rout ing Prot ocols, click IGMP In terface Co nfigurations . 3. Select an interface and click Edit . 4. Configure these fields. 5. Click Apply . DVMRP Interface Configurat[...]

ZT8101 Users Gu ide 119 Using the Web Console 5. Click Apply . PIM-DM Setup The Protocol Independent Mul ticast - Dense Mode (PIM-DM) prot ocol should be used i n networks with a low delay (low latency) and high band width because PIM-DM is o ptimized to guarantee delivery of multicas t packets, not to reduce overhead. T o configure PIM-DM for an I[...]

120 ZT8101 Use rs Guide Using the Web Console packets to a static router port on the ZT8101 switch guarantees that all ports of a multi-port router, which are attached to the s witch, can reach all multicast gr oup members through the attached router ’ s other port s. A router port interacts with multicas t packets in these ways: • All IGMP rep[...]

ZT8101 Users Gu ide 121 Agency Approvals A CE Certification The ZT8101 meets the intent of Directive 89/336/EEC for Electromagnetic Comp atib ility & Low- V oltage Directive 73/ 23/EEC for Pro duct Safety . The ZT8101 has been designed fo r NEBS/ETSI compliance. Safe ty Emissi ons T est Re gulations EN 5008 1-1 Emiss ions EN 5502 4 Immun ity UL[...]

122 ZT8101 Use rs Guide Agency Approvals Regulatory Informa tion FCC — Federal Communications Commission (USA) This product has been tested and f ound to comp ly wi th the limits for a Class A digital devi ce pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC rules. These limits are designed to provide reas onable protection against harmful inter ference when the eq[...]

ZT8101 Users Gu ide 123 Agency Approval s Product Safet y Information Safety Precautions Review the followi ng precaut ions to a void inju ry and pre vent dam age to this p roduct, or product s to whic h it is co nne c t ed. T o av oid po ten tia l haza rds , us e th e prod uct onl y as sp eci fie d. Read all saf ety informati on provided in the co[...]

124 ZT8101 Use rs Guide Agency Approvals Product Safety In formation AC and/or DC Power Safety W arn ing (AC and/or DC Powered Units) The AC and/ or DC Power cord is you r unit ’ s main AC and/or DC disconn ecting devic e, and must be easily access ible at all ti mes . Auxiliary AC and/or D C On/Of f switches and/or circu it breaker sw itches are[...]